169 results about "Lateral shear" patented technology

A wall either wholly or partially made from a shear-resisting assembly that has a shear transfer device, or plate, disposed between the bottom strut and the underlying foundation. The shear transfer device joins the two anchor bolts, eliminating intermediate foundation bolts by transferring lateral shear loads to the anchor bolts in combination with the bottom strut

The invention discloses a rotary Fourier transform interference imaging spectrometer, which includes a front collimation objective, a cube corner reflector, a beamsplitter, a rear imaging objective, a detector and a control and processing module, aims to reduce the light energy loss of a target, and has the characteristics of high luminous flux and detection sensitivity. The traditional rectilinear motion scanning manner of a moving mirror is substituted by the rotary scanning manner of the beamsplitter or the cube corner reflector, so as to avoid series of technical difficulties brought by precise rectilinear scanning of the moving mirror; a lateral shear interferometer based on the Michelson interference principle is adopted, and the characteristic of common path is obtained, so that the interference effect cannot be influenced even if the beamsplitter slightly shakes during the rotation; a planemirror in the traditional Fourier transform imaging spectrometer is substituted by the cube corner reflector, so that the problem brought by the inclined planemirror is avoided; therefore, the stability, reliability and vibration and impact resistance of the instrument are improved, and the structure of the spectrometer is more compact.

The present invention discloses a method to improve the image resolution of a microscope. This improvement is based on the mathematical processing of the complex field computed from the measurements with a microscope of the wave emitted or scattered by the specimen. This wave is, in a preferred embodiment, electromagnetic or optical for an optical microscope, but can be also of different kind like acoustical or matter waves. The disclosed invention makes use of the quantitative phase microscopy techniques known in the sate of the art or to be invented. In a preferred embodiment, the complex field provided by Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), but any kind of microscopy derived from quantitative phase microscopy: modified DIC, Shack-Hartmann wavefront analyzer or any analyzer derived from a similar principle, such as multi-level lateral shearing interferometers or common-path interferometers, or devices that convert stacks of intensity images (transport if intensity techniques: TIT) into quantitative phase image can be used, provided that they deliver a comprehensive measure of the complex scattered wavefield. The hereby-disclosed method delivers superresolution microscopic images of the specimen, i.e. images with a resolution beyond the Rayleigh limit of the microscope. It is shown that the limit of resolution with coherent illumination can be improved by a factor of 6 at least. It is taught that the gain in resolution arises from the mathematical digital processing of the phase as well as of the amplitude of the complex field scattered by the observed specimen. In a first embodiment, the invention teaches how the experimental observation of systematically occurring phase singularities in phase imaging of sub-Rayleigh distanced objects can be exploited to relate the locus of the phase singularities to the sub-Rayleigh distance of point sources, not resolved in usual diffraction limited microscopy. In a second, preferred embodiment, the disclosed method teaches how the image resolution is improved by complex deconvolution. Accessing the object's scattered complex field—containing the information coded in the phase—and deconvolving it with the reconstructed complex transfer function (CTF) is at the basis of the disclosed method. In a third, preferred embodiment, it is taught how the concept of “Synthetic Coherent Transfer Function” (SCTF), based on Debye scalar or Vector model includes experimental parameters of MO and how the experimental Amplitude Point Spread Functions (APSF) are used for the SCTF determination. It is also taught how to derive APSF from the measurement of the complex field scattered by a nanohole in a metallic film. In a fourth embodiment, the invention teaches how the limit of resolution can be extended to a limit of λ/6 or smaller based angular scanning. In a fifth embodiment, the invention teaches how the presented method can generalized to a tomographic approach that ultimately results in super-resolved 3D refractive index reconstruction.

Apparatus and methods for spacing, securing, and stabilizing I-joists at their ends, and insulating and structural enhancing I-joist assemblies, are provided around the perimeter, or in the interior, of a floor or ceiling where ends of I-joists are located. Insulated blocking panels may comprise an insulating portion that provides a high-R-value and a structural portion which may comprise vertical panel(s) and optional integral support blocks that provide a profiled end surface for extending to the web of the I-joists. Alternatively, insulated blocking panels with flat, vertical end surfaces may be used with field-installed support blocks, or insulated blocking panels with profiled end surfaces may be used without any support blocks. The support blocks or profiled end surfaces of the insulated blocking panels extend to the web of each I-joist, to fill in the space between the I-joists near the I-joist ends, including a substantial amount of the space immediately adjacent the web of each I-joist. The preferred insulated blocking panels, therefore, insulated the outer perimeter of a floor or ceiling and also contribute vertical load carrying capability, and lateral shear and roll-over resistance.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the aberration of an imaging system based on a lateral shearing interference structure. A measurement system comprises a light source, a pinhole mask, a shearing grating, a dual-window mask, a photoelectric detector and a computer. During measurement, the imaging system to be measured is arranged between the pinhole mask and the shearing grating. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) acquiring lateral shearing interferograms in directions x and y; (2) acquiring differential wavefronts in the directions x and y; (3) reconstructing the wavefronts by utilizing a modal method, and acquiring an initial value for zonal construction; and (4) reconstructing the wavefronts by utilizing a zonal method, and acquiring the aberration of the imaging system to be measured. The high-spatial resolution lateral shearing measurement of the aberration of the imaging system is realized on the basis of no increase of measurement times, and the measurement accuracy is insensitive to a change in shear, namely a wavefront measurement error is not remarkably increased along with the increase of the shear.

A high resolution 3-D holographic camera. A reference spot on a target is illuminated by three spatially separated beamlets (simultaneously produced from a single laser beam), producing a lateral shear of a wavefront on the target. The camera measures the resulting reflected speckle intensity pattern which are related the gradient of the interfered complex fields. At the same time a flood beam illuminates the entire target and reflected speckle is also recorded by the same camera to provide the necessary object spatial frequencies. The illumination patterns are sequenced in time, stepping through offset phase shifts to provide data necessary to reconstruct an image of the target from the recorded reflected light. The reference spot phase and amplitude are then reconstructed, and the reference spot's complex field is then digitally interfered with the flood illuminated speckle field by use of a special algorithm. In order to obtain a high resolution 3D image of the target, a second measurement is acquired with the laser beam slightly shifted in frequency to second color.

A lateral-shear interferometer utilizes two relatively thick glass plates bonded together in a single block with a tilted air gap between opposing inner surfaces. The thickness of the glass plates is selected to be sufficiently large to separate the output beams from the light reflected from the top and bottom surfaces of the block, thereby eliminating the need for antireflection coatings. The shear interferometer is combined with an external mirror mounted on a tilt stage actuated by a computer-controlled tilt actuator to perform phase-shifting interferometric analysis in conventional manner.

The invention discloses an interference imaging spectroscopy device and an interference imaging spectroscopy method for improving spectral resolution. The device comprises a front optical system, a dispersion flat plate Sagnac lateral shear beam splitting system, an imaging system and a signal processing system which are arranged along an optical path in sequence, wherein incident light of each point of a target enters the front optical system to eliminate stray light and form a collimated light beam; the light beam then enters the dispersion flat plate Sagnac lateral shear beam splitting system; the light is laterally sheared by the lateral shear beam splitting system; because of the flat plate dispersion effect, the shear distance changes along with light wavelength, and further optical path difference information which changes along with wave number is introduced; two beams of light formed by shearing subsequently enter the imaging system; interference information under different optical path differences of each point of the target is acquired by turning the lateral shear beam splitter or the entire system; and discrete fourier transform is performed on the acquired interference information of the target point to obtain high-resolution spectral information and two-dimensional image information of each spectral band are obtained. The device and the method have the advantages of high spectral resolution, high luminous flux, high target resolution and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedicine, and provides a bioartificial liver system. The system comprises a plasma separation / retransformation circulation part and a biological liver circulation part. The two parts are connected with each other through a circulation pipeline. The biological liver circulation part comprises a constant-temperature box with a heat preservation effect, a double-cavity blood storage bag, an oxygenation column, a plasma circulating pump, a dissolved oxygen monitoring and temperature instrument and a flow guide type micro capsule suspended fluidized bed bioreactor, wherein the double-cavity blood storage bag, the oxygenation column, the plasma circulating pump, the dissolved oxygen monitoring and temperature instrument and the flow guide type micro capsule suspended fluidized bed bioreactor are sequentially connected to form a circulating system. By means of a turbine flow guide type inlet, flow distribution is carried out on a part of high-speed fluid of the inlet by the bioreactor, lateral shear force borne by micro capsules in a fluid force field is effectively reduced, damage to the micro capsules is reduced, and contact efficiency of cells cultured in the bioreactor and perfusate is improved. The bioreactor is used for bioartificial liver supportive treatment system in order to obtain more ideal effects on the aspects of treating serious hepatitis, hepatic insufficiency and other diseases.

A wavefront measurement system includes a source of electromagnetic radiation. An illumination system delivers the electromagnetic radiation to an object plane. A source of a diffraction pattern is in the object plane. A projection optical system projects the diffraction pattern onto an image plane, which includes a mechanism (e.g., a shearing grating) to introduce the lateral shear. A detector is located optically conjugate with the pupil of the projection optical system, and receives an instant fringe pattern, resulting from the interference between sheared wavefronts, from the image plane. The diffraction pattern is dynamically scanned across a pupil of the projection optical system, and the resulting time-integrated interferogram obtained from the detector is used to measure the wavefront aberration across the entire pupil.

The invention discloses a micro-polarization array based interference imaging full-polarization spectrum detection device and method. The device comprises a front imaging objective, a collimator objective, a Sagnac lateral shearing beam splitter, an imaging objective, a micro-polarization modulation array, a detector and a signal processing system which are arranged sequentially in the direction of an optical path. The method comprises the following steps: step one, incident light is imaged by the front imaging objective, and then a light beam is collimated by the collimator objective; step two, the collimated light beam is laterally sheared by the Sagnac lateral shearing beam splitter; step three, the sheared light beam reaches the micro-polarization modulation array through the imaging objective, one object point corresponds to four polarization pixels, and four groups of interference images in a scene are acquired from a target surface of the detector through push scanning; and step four, the signal processing system acquires the two-dimensional light intensity information, spectral information and full-polarization parameters of all spectrum bands of the scene after spectrum reconstruction and polarization information reconstitution. The method has the advantages of high spectral resolution, high target resolution and synchronous acquisition of full-polarization information.

This invention discloses a method for compacting large-scale spray-deposited square blank. The method comprises: (1) providing a wedge pressure head comprising a smooth transition of a small plane and a slant; (2) pressing with a common presser; (3) slightly deforming a large-scale spray-deposited square blank to be compacted in a mold, and gradually pressing from the plane to the slant with the small plane as a main deforming region and the slant as a pre-deforming region; (4) gradually evacuating the combined mold in front of the wedge pressure head with the blank pushed forward under a lateral component of forces to realize lateral shear deformation, thus realizing metallurgical combination. This invention also discloses the apparatus for compacting large-scale spray-deposited square blank, which has such advantages as simple structure, convenient production and stable performance. The method can realize lateral shear compacting large-scale spray-deposited square blanks.

The invention discloses an anchor pipe cable supporting structure capable of bearing lateral shear force. After a surrounding rock is drilled, the portion, close to the outer end, of a hole is reamed, a slotted steel tube is installed at the reamed portion, and an anchor cable with the ends anchored by resin is installed in the hole and the slotted steel tube. The effect of supporting the surrounding rock of a roadway is obvious, and the effect of resisting lateral deformation, along the structure, of the surrounding rock of the roadway is remarkable. The anchor pipe cable supporting structure is suitable for the roadway or a tunnel with the layered rock stratum surrounding rock which is heavily stressed, weak, broken and large in lateral deformation.

The invention provides a dual-channel high-throughput interference imaging spectral device and a method. The device comprises a front optical system, a dual-channel lateral shearing beam splitting system, a first imaging system, and a second imaging system. After incident light passes through the front optical system, a target field of view is determined, stay light is eliminated, collimated light beams are formed, enter the dual-channel lateral shearing beam splitting system and are emitted out through two optical channels, the emergent light of each channel is sheared laterally, and optical path difference information is introduced. A target image with interference fringes is obtained on the target surfaces of detectors at rear focal planes of the two imaging systems, interference information is extracted, and Fourier transform is performed to restore the target image and obtain spectral information of each point of a target and two-dimensional image information of each spectrum. The dual-channel high-throughput interference imaging spectral device of the invention has the characteristics of high luminous flux and dual-channel imaging. By using the lateral shearing interferometry principle of dual-channel beams, double-field stitching can be realized for large-format imaging, and visible-light and infrared dual-channel imaging can be realized.

The invention discloses a randomly-coded hybrid grating based on a light flux constraint. The randomly-coded hybrid grating comprises a non-transparent mask S2 and a transparent substrate S1, wherein the mask S2 covers a partial region of the substrate S1, so that the light flux of each square region with the area of S on the grating meets distribution as shown in a FORMULA, in which d is the grating distance of the randomly-coded hybrid grating, and mask blocks in each square region with the area of S are randomly distributed; the region, within the range as shown in a FORMULA and not covered by the mask, of the substrate S1 is etched, so that at the etching depth, light wave penetrating through a light-transmittable part of the etched region is advanced by phi phase relative to light wave penetrating through a light-transmittable part of the non-etched substrate. On one hand, the randomly-coded hybrid grating omits a level selection window in four-wavefront lateral shearing interference of a conventional cross grating, simplifies the structure of a system and improves the stability of the system; on the other hand, interference from other diffraction levels in a formed four-wavefront lateral shearing interference pattern is reduced and the detection precision of a wavefront to be detected is improved.

The invention discloses a combined blade shearing machine of the steel grid plate, comprising a main body and a plate arranged inside the main body. The invention is characterized in that a hydrocylinder is arranged inside the main body; a push rod of the hydrocylinder and a connecting bar are connected with a common end of the connecting bar; one end of the guide block closely touches one side of the connecting bar; two rows of the combined blades are arranged in a dovetail groove along the plate, wherein one row of the combined blades are dead blades and the other row of the combined blades are moveable blades. The moveable blades corresponding to the connecting bar closely touches the other side of the guide block and are pushed by the connecting bar to laterally move. The invention has two rows of the combined blades, one row of which are relatively fixed and the other row of which have lateral shearing motion caused by the connecting bar which is pushed by the hydrocylinder. Meanwhile, the ascending motion and the descending motion of two elevator hydrocylinders make the sheared steel grid plate compressed and pushed out. The invention has simple structure and is easy to be manufactured and used. Therefore, the invention can shear the steel grid plate well and fast.

A knee brace, method of use thereof, and modification to an existing knee brace facilitates inducing side loads to a knee joint to align upper and lower leg portions relative to one another, thereby allowing the knee joint to function properly over its full dynamic range of motion. The knee brace, whether as manufactured or modified, acts to apply a lateral shear force to the knee joint through application of opposing lateral forces, with one lateral force being above the knee joint in one direction and the other lateral force being below the knee joint in an opposite direction. The counteracting forces act to shift femoral condyles and tibial condyles of the knee joint back into proper lateral alignment without acting directly on the patella to counteract the effects of the patella femoral syndrome.