Ion molecule reaction device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an ion molecule reaction device and method, and relates to the technical field of reaction kinetics, and the ion molecule reaction device comprises an ion regulation and control assembly, a molecule regulation and control assembly, an excitation light source and a detection assembly. The ion regulation and control assembly is used for forming ionic groups; the molecular regulation and control assembly is used for forming molecular groups and emitting the molecular groups towards the ionic groups; the excitation light source can enable molecular groups to jump to an excitation state; the detection assembly is used for detecting charged products formed after the molecular groups collide with the ionic groups. The ion molecule reaction method comprises the following steps: enabling a molecular group to fly towards an ionic group; exciting light is used for irradiating the flying molecular groups, so that the molecular groups are transited to an excited state; enabling the molecular group in the excited state to collide with the ionic group; charged products generated by collision of molecular groups and ionic groups are detected. According to the ion molecule reaction device and method in the embodiment of the invention, a new reaction channel between ions and molecules and a quantum effect involved in the reaction process can be found.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reaction kinetics, specifically to ion and molecular reaction apparatus and methods. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, ion-molecular reactions are an important class of gas-phase reactions, which are of great significance for researchers to explore reaction mechanisms. To elucidate the specific reaction mechanisms of ion-molecular reactions, it is necessary to study and analyze the charged products produced. Existing ion-molecular reaction devices induce collisions between molecules and ions, allowing for the study of the charged products generated. However, when using these devices in experiments, there are instances where ions and molecules do not react after the collision, and no products are produced, which limits the study of the reaction products. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an ion-molecule reaction device and method, which can increase the energy of molecules, thereby increasing the possibility of reactions between ions and molecules and the formation of products.

[0004] This invention also proposes an ionic molecular reaction method.

[0005] An ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: Ion control components for forming ion clusters; A molecular regulation component for forming molecular clusters and causing the molecular clusters to emit toward the ion clusters; An excitation light source is capable of irradiating the molecular cluster, causing at least a portion of the molecular cluster to transition from the ground state to an excited state; A detection component is used to detect the products formed after the molecular cluster collides with the ion cluster.

[0006] The ion-molecule reaction method according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Irradiating a flying molecular cluster with excitation light causes the cluster to change from its ground state to an excited state. The energy of the excited-state molecules is increased, increasing the likelihood of ion-molecule reactions after collision with ions, or leading to the emergence of special reaction channels or quantum effects. It facilitates the detection of charged products formed after collisions between molecular and ion clusters by the detection component, enabling researchers to study the reaction process between excited-state molecules and ions based on the charged products, and facilitating the exploration of reaction mechanisms based on the charged products of ion-molecule reactions.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ion control component includes an ion trap, the ion trap being configured to: bind the ion cluster before the molecular cluster collides with the ion cluster; and after the molecular cluster in an excited state collides with the ion cluster, bind the charged product generated by the collision of the molecular cluster with the ion cluster, and move the charged product to the detection component so that the detection component can detect the charged product.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the molecular control component is capable of emitting the molecular clusters multiple times in a time sequence toward the ion clusters; the ion-molecule reaction device further includes a molecular cluster deflection component and a velocity measuring element, the molecular cluster deflection component receives a portion of the molecular clusters emitted by the molecular control component along a first flight direction and causes the molecular clusters to fly along a second flight direction, the velocity measuring element is used to detect the velocity of the molecular clusters flying along the second flight direction in the first flight direction, the first flight direction intersecting the second flight direction.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the excitation light source is capable of irradiating each of the molecular clusters at a first irradiation frequency to cause the plurality of molecular clusters to transition from the ground state to the excited state, and the molecular cluster deflection component receives the molecular clusters at a second irradiation frequency; wherein, the first irradiation frequency is f1, the second irradiation frequency is f2, f1=n*f2, and n is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the molecular control component includes a pulse valve that opens at the first irradiation frequency to cause the molecular control component to emit the molecular clusters along the first flight direction at the first irradiation frequency.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the molecular cluster deflection assembly includes an ionization light source, a high-voltage bias electrode, a low-voltage bias electrode, and a microchannel plate; the ionization light source is capable of irradiating the molecular cluster in an excited state to ionize at least a portion of the molecular cluster; the high-voltage bias electrode, the low-voltage bias electrode, and the microchannel plate are arranged sequentially along a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to the first flight direction; in the first flight direction, the excitation light source and the ionization light source have a predetermined interval; When the ionized molecular clusters fly along the first flight direction to the space between the high-voltage bias electrode and the low-voltage bias electrode, the high-voltage bias electrode and the low-voltage bias electrode deflect the flight direction of the ionized molecular clusters to the second flight direction so that they can be received by the microchannel plate; the velocity measuring element can adjust and record the time difference between the light emitted by the excitation source and the ionization source, and can also detect the amount of charge received by the microchannel plate.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ion control component includes an ion trap, the ion trap being configured to: bind the ion cluster before the molecular cluster collides with the ion cluster; and after the molecular cluster in an excited state collides with the ion cluster, bind the charged product generated by the collision of the molecular cluster with the ion cluster, and move the charged product to the detection component so that the detection component can detect the charged product. The ion-molecule reaction device further includes a cavity, a first isolation plate, and a second isolation plate. The cavity has a receiving chamber inside. The first isolation plate and the second isolation plate are housed in the receiving chamber and divide the receiving chamber into a beam source chamber, a detection chamber, and a reaction chamber. The molecular control component is housed in the beam source chamber. The high-voltage bias electrode, the low-voltage bias electrode, and the microchannel plate are housed in the detection chamber. The ion trap is housed in the reaction chamber. The first isolation plate includes a first strainer, and the second isolation plate includes a second strainer; the molecular regulation component, the ion trap, the first strainer, and the second strainer are collinear.

[0013] The ion-molecule reaction method according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the following steps: To cause molecular clusters to fly toward ion clusters; The molecular cluster in flight is irradiated with an excitation light source to cause at least a portion of the molecular cluster to transition from the ground state to an excited state; The excited molecular clusters collide with the ionic clusters; Detect the charged products generated by the collision between the molecular cluster and the ion cluster.

[0014] The ion-molecule reaction method according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the excitation light source irradiates the flying molecular cluster, thereby causing the molecular cluster to change from the ground state to the excited state. The energy of the excited-state molecules is increased, which increases the possibility of ion-molecule reaction after collision with ions. By detecting the charged products formed after the collision of molecular clusters and ion clusters, researchers can study the reaction process between excited-state molecules and ions based on the charged products, which is beneficial for researchers to explore the reaction mechanism based on molecular-ion reaction.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ion-molecule reaction method includes a first operating phase and a second operating phase following the first operating phase, wherein the first operating phase occurs after at least a portion of the molecular cluster transitions to an excited state, the flight velocity of the molecular cluster is measured in the first operating phase, and the charged products generated by the collision of the molecular cluster with the ion cluster are detected in the second operating phase.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of said molecular clusters are caused to fly toward said ion cluster in a time sequence; the ion molecule reaction method further includes a flight velocity detection step, said flight velocity detection step being performed after said molecular cluster transitions to an excited state; When the molecular clusters in flight are irradiated with an excitation light source, the excitation light source irradiates different molecular clusters at a first irradiation frequency, causing at least a portion of the different molecular clusters to transition to an excited state; When performing the flight speed detection step, the molecular clusters in the excited state are partially ionized at the second irradiation frequency, the flight direction of the ionized molecular clusters is deflected, and then the speed of the molecular clusters in the first flight direction after the flight direction is deflected is detected. Wherein, the first irradiation frequency is f1, the second irradiation frequency is f2, f1 = n * f2, and n is a positive integer greater than 1. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of an ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of an ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of an ion-molecule reaction method according to some embodiments of the third aspect of the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: Molecular group 10, ionic group 20; Ion control component 100, ion trap 110; Molecular regulation component 200, pulse valve 210; Excitation source 300; Detection component 400; Ionization light source 510, high voltage bias electrode 520, low voltage bias electrode 530, microchannel plate 540; Cavity 700, accommodating cavity 710, beam source chamber 711, detection chamber 712, reaction chamber 713; First isolation plate 800, first strainer 810; Second isolation plate 900, second strainer 910; CCD camera 1000; First flange viewing window 1100; Second flange viewing window 1200. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes an ion-molecule reaction device, including an ion control component 100, a molecule control component 200, an excitation light source 300, and a detection component 400.

[0025] The ion control component 100 is used to form ion clusters 20. The molecular control component 200 is used to form molecular clusters 10 and to cause the molecular clusters 10 to emit towards the ion clusters 20. The excitation light source 300 is capable of irradiating the molecular clusters 10, causing at least a portion of the molecular clusters 10 to transition from the ground state to the excited state. The detection component 400 is used to detect the charged products formed after the collision between the molecular clusters 10 and the ion clusters 20.

[0026] Through the above scheme, the excitation light irradiates the flying molecular cluster 10, thereby causing the molecular cluster 10 to change from the ground state to the excited state. The energy of the excited state molecules is increased, which increases the possibility of ion-molecule reactions after collision with ions. This makes it easier to detect the charged products formed after the collision of molecular cluster 10 and ion cluster 20 by the detection component 400. Researchers can study the reaction process between excited state molecules and ions based on the charged products, which helps to reveal new reaction mechanisms, discover new reaction channels or quantum effects.

[0027] It should be understood that, in order to precisely induce a molecule to transition from its ground state to an excited state, researchers in this field can adjust the wavelength of the excitation light based on the energy difference between the ground and excited states of the target molecule. This allows for precise adjustment of the quantum state of the target molecule. On the other hand, molecular cluster 10 and ionic cluster 20 also produce uncharged products upon collision. However, researchers can use existing techniques to infer the composition of the uncharged products from the composition of the charged products, thereby exploring the reaction mechanism of molecular-ionic reactions.

[0028] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can choose the specific form in which the ion control component 100 forms the ion clusters 20, based on existing technology. Without departing from the inventive concept of this invention, the present invention is not limited in this regard. For example, in some embodiments, the ion control component 100 generates ions by bombarding a metal block with a laser, and then traps the ion clusters 20 by opening and closing the radio frequency field of the corresponding ion trap 110.

[0029] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the ion control component 100 includes an ion trap 110. The ion trap 110 in this invention refers to a device that captures and confines ions using an electric field, capable of modulating the movement of ions within it.

[0030] In the above-described scheme, the ion trap 110 is configured to confine the ion cluster 20 before the molecular cluster 10 collides with the ion cluster 20. After multiple collisions between the excited-state molecular cluster 10 and the ion cluster 20, the ion trap 110 confines the charged products generated by the collisions and moves the charged products to the detection component 400, allowing the detection component 400 to detect the charged products. By confining the ion cluster 20 with the ion trap 110, the above embodiment enables the ion cluster 20 to remain on the flight path of the molecular cluster 10, thereby ensuring stable collisions between the ion cluster 20 and the excited-state molecules, forming a precisely controlled reaction region and improving the stability of the ion-molecule reaction. Furthermore, since the excited-state molecules and ions generate charged products in ionic form after collisions, the ion trap 110 can further collect the charged products of the ion-molecule reaction and move them to the detection component 400 for detection. The above scheme enables the charged products of ionic-molecular reactions to be stably detected by the detection component 400, which is beneficial to improving the stability of experimental results of ionic-molecular reactions, and thus helps researchers to explore the reaction mechanism.

[0031] In some embodiments, the ion-molecule reaction device further includes a laser cooling component (not shown in the figure), which can emit a cooling laser towards the ion cluster 20 housed in the ion trap 110. The laser cooling component can emit cooling lasers with different detuning amounts. Through this approach, researchers can further refine the quantum states and velocity distribution of the ion cluster 20 irradiated by the cooling laser by adjusting the detuning amount. This allows researchers to delve deeper into the mechanisms and kinetics of molecular-ion reactions under different quantum states and collision energies, providing important support for the development of quantum state-selective reaction kinetics and theoretical chemical models.

[0032] Further, please refer to Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the molecular control component 200 can emit molecular clusters 10 multiple times towards the ion clusters 20 in a time sequence; the ion molecular reaction device also includes a molecular cluster deflection component and a velocity measuring element. The molecular cluster deflection component receives a portion of the molecular clusters 10 emitted by the molecular control component 200 along a first flight direction and causes the molecular clusters 10 to fly along a second flight direction. The velocity measuring element is used to detect the velocity of the molecular clusters 10 flying along the second flight direction in the first flight direction, and the first flight direction intersects the second flight direction. Through the above scheme, the molecular cluster deflection component can change the flight direction of the molecular clusters 10, thereby causing at least some molecules in one of the multiple molecular clusters 10 to ionize and change their flight trajectory. A single molecular cluster 10 can be detected by the velocity measuring element individually, and other molecular clusters 10 can fly along their original flight trajectories. On the other hand, changing the flight trajectory of the molecular clusters 10 also helps the velocity measuring element to utilize the space perpendicular to the first flight direction, reducing the space occupied by the device in the first flight direction.

[0033] Based on the above scheme, in some embodiments, the excitation light source 300 irradiates each molecular cluster 10 at a first irradiation frequency, causing the molecular cluster 10 to transition from the ground state to the excited state. The molecular cluster deflection component receives the molecular cluster 10 at a second irradiation frequency. The first irradiation frequency is f1, the second irradiation frequency is f2, f1 = n * f2, and n is a positive integer greater than 1. Through this scheme, since the first irradiation frequency is an integer multiple of the second irradiation frequency, the number of molecular clusters 10 whose flight direction is changed by the molecular cluster deflection component can be less than the number of molecular clusters 10 in the excited state. Specifically, when multiple molecular clusters 10 are irradiated at the first irradiation frequency and transition from the ground state to the excited state, some of the molecular clusters 10 in the excited state will have their flight direction deflected by the molecular cluster deflection component and detected by the detection component 400 to obtain the flight velocity of the molecular clusters 10. The above scheme further enables the ion-molecule reaction device to obtain the flight velocities of multiple molecular clusters 10, facilitating statistical analysis by researchers to obtain more accurate flight velocities of the molecular clusters 10, and also ensuring that other molecular clusters 10 can fly along their original flight trajectories.

[0034] It should be noted that the "irradiation frequency" referred to in this invention should be understood as the frequency at which each light source irradiates the object, rather than the frequency of the light source itself. It should also be understood that, without departing from the inventive concept of this invention, the above embodiments do not limit the frequency at which multiple molecular clusters 10 are formed. As a preferred embodiment, the molecular control component 200 emits molecular clusters 10 at a third irradiation frequency, where the third irradiation frequency is greater than or equal to the first irradiation frequency.

[0035] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can choose the specific form in which the molecular regulation component 200 forms the molecular cluster 10, based on existing technology. This invention is not limited without departing from the inventive concept. For example, please refer to... Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the molecular control component 200 includes a pulse valve 210. The molecular control component 200 first forms a molecular beam using ultrasonic molecular beam technology. The pulse valve 210 opens at a first irradiation frequency to cut the molecular beam into multiple molecular clusters 10. The velocity of the molecular clusters 10 can be controlled by adjusting the temperature of the pulse valve 210 or by adjusting the carrier gas. The ultrasonic molecular beam technology involves expanding the gas and ejecting molecules through the valve orifice of the pulse valve 210. During the expansion process, the internal energy of the gas molecules is converted into translational kinetic energy, further cooling the molecules, reducing thermal vibration, and enhancing the directionality of the molecular clusters 10's flight and the concentration of their velocity distribution. Furthermore, the multiple molecular clusters 10 formed through the above scheme have more similar flight velocities, which is beneficial for researchers to reproduce molecular ion reactions.

[0036] Without departing from the inventive concept of this invention, those skilled in the art can design molecular cluster deflection components to change the flight direction of molecular clusters 10 after passing through the molecular cluster deflection components.

[0037] As a preferred option, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, where Figure 1 The ionization light source 510, high-voltage bias electrode 520, low-voltage bias electrode 530, and microchannel plate 540 are only approximate locations. In this embodiment, the probe light emitted by the ionization light source 510 is directed towards the middle of the high-voltage bias electrode 520 and the low-voltage bias electrode 530, and acts on the molecular cluster 10. In some embodiments, the molecular cluster deflection assembly includes the ionization light source 510, the high-voltage bias electrode 520, the low-voltage bias electrode 530, and the microchannel plate 540; the ionization light source 510 can irradiate the molecular cluster 10 in the excited state to ionize at least a portion of the molecular cluster 10; the high-voltage bias electrode 520, the low-voltage bias electrode 530, and the microchannel plate 540 are arranged sequentially along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first flight direction; in the first flight direction, the excitation light source 300 and the ionization light source 510 have a predetermined distance. When the molecular cluster 10 flies along the first flight direction between the high-voltage bias electrode 520 and the low-voltage bias electrode 530, the ionization light source 510 ionizes some of the molecules in the molecular cluster. The high-voltage bias electrode 520 and the low-voltage bias electrode 530 deflect the flight direction of the ionized molecular cluster 10 to the second flight direction so that it can be received by the microchannel plate 540. The velocity measuring element can adjust the time difference between the light emitted by the excitation light source 300 and the ionization light source 510, and can also detect the signal amount of the ionized molecules received by the microchannel plate 540.

[0038] Through the above scheme, the ionized molecules of molecular cluster 10 can change their flight direction under the influence of the electric field formed by the high-voltage bias electrode 520 and the low-voltage bias electrode 530, and thus enter the microchannel plate 540. Furthermore, since the velocimetry element can adjust and record the time difference between the emitted light from the excitation source 300 and the ionization source 510, those skilled in the art can adjust this time difference so that the molecular cluster 10 can be irradiated by the excitation source 300 and the ionization source 510 during flight, thereby entering the microchannel plate 540 and being detected by the velocimetry element as a signal of ionized molecules. When the signal in the microchannel plate 540 is at its maximum, the time difference between the emitted light from the excitation source 300 and the ionization source 510 is the time required for the molecular cluster 10 to travel along the first flight direction from the position irradiated by the excitation source 300 to the position ionized by the ionization source 510. By combining the preset interval between the excitation source 300 and the ionization source 510, researchers can calculate the speed of the molecular cluster 10 flying along the first flight direction, thus providing a basis for calculating the collision energy between the molecular cluster 10 and the ion cluster 20.

[0039] Regarding the positional layout of the molecular cluster deflection component, in some embodiments, the molecular cluster 10 has a first flight direction, and the ionization light source 510 emits probe light along a second direction to ionize the molecular cluster 10 in the excited state. The high-voltage bias electrode 520 and the low-voltage bias electrode 530 are disposed on both sides of the molecular cluster 10's flight trajectory in the third direction, and the microchannel plate 540 is disposed on one side of the molecular cluster 10's flight trajectory in the third direction, with the low-voltage bias electrode 530 located between the molecular cluster 10's flight trajectory and the microchannel plate 540; wherein the first flight direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0040] Further, please refer to Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the ion-molecule reaction device further includes a cavity 700, a first isolation plate 800, and a second isolation plate 900. The cavity 700 has a receiving cavity 710 inside. The first isolation plate 800 and the second isolation plate 900 are housed in the receiving cavity 710, dividing the receiving cavity 710 into a beam source chamber 711, a detector chamber 712, and a reaction chamber 713. The molecular control component 200 is housed in the beam source chamber 711, the high-voltage bias electrode 520, the low-voltage bias electrode 530, and the microchannel plate 540 are housed in the detector chamber 712, and the ion trap 110 is housed in the reaction chamber 713. The cavity 700 can protect the components located in the receiving cavity 710 and isolate the internal environment of the receiving cavity 710 from the external environment, thereby improving the stability of the ion-molecule reaction. The molecular control component 200 is housed in the beam source chamber 711, the high-voltage bias electrode 520, the low-voltage bias electrode 530 and the microchannel plate 540 are housed in the detector chamber 712, and the ion trap 110 is housed in the reaction chamber 713. This allows for further division of the internal environment and enables the molecular control component 200, the high-voltage bias electrode 520, the low-voltage bias electrode 530, the microchannel plate 540 and the ion trap 110 to be protected respectively.

[0041] Based on the above scheme, the first isolation plate 800 includes a first strainer 810, and the second isolation plate 900 includes a second strainer 910; the molecular control component 200, the ion trap 110, the first strainer 810, and the second strainer 910 are collinear. Through this scheme, the first strainer 810 can sieve molecules with high collimation from the molecular cluster 10 into the detection chamber 712, and the second strainer 910 can further sieve the remaining molecules with even higher collimation from the molecular cluster 10 into the reaction chamber 713, further ensuring the consistency of the flight direction of molecules reacting with ions, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the ion-molecule reaction.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the ion molecular reaction device further includes a first flange window 1100 and a second flange window 1200. The excitation light source 300 and the ionization light source 510 are disposed outside the cavity 700 and emit excitation light and detection light into the accommodating cavity 710 through the first flange window 1100 and the second flange window 1200, respectively.

[0043] Further, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the ion-molecule reaction apparatus further includes a first vacuum pump, a second vacuum pump, and a third vacuum pump; the first vacuum pump is internally connected to the beam source chamber 711, the second vacuum pump is internally connected to the detector chamber 712, and the third vacuum pump is internally connected to the reaction chamber 713. This design allows the three vacuum pumps to independently adjust the vacuum conditions within the beam source chamber 711, the detector chamber 712, and the reaction chamber 713.

[0044] In some embodiments, the ion-molecular reaction apparatus further includes a cooling circuit, through which a cooling medium is circulated. The cooling circuit is located inside at least one of the beam source chamber 711, the detector chamber 712, and the reaction chamber 713. The cooling circuit can cool the environment of at least one of the beam source chamber 711, the detector chamber 712, and the reaction chamber 713, thereby freezing residual gas molecules and reducing the vacuum level. Without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also provide multiple cooling circuits. As a preferred embodiment, liquid nitrogen or liquid helium cooling circuits are provided in the beam source chamber 711, the detector chamber 712, and the reaction chamber 713 to further reduce the interference of background gases on the reaction.

[0045] Without departing from the inventive concept of this invention, those skilled in the art can adjust the form of the detector component 400. In some embodiments, the detector component 400 is a common time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) component in the prior art, typically including: two sets of single lenses and a microchannel plate detector. Given the ion charge, the TOF-MS component can detect the mass of a specific ion by measuring the flight velocity of the charged product, and thus identify the type of charged product.

[0046] In some embodiments, the ion-molecule reaction device further includes a CCD camera 1000, which is used to monitor the ion-molecule reaction. This approach allows researchers to monitor the reaction process in real time using images from the CCD camera 1000, facilitating the study of the ion-molecule reaction process.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also proposes an ionic molecular reaction method, comprising the following steps: S101. Causes molecular cluster 10 to fly toward ion cluster 20; S102. Irradiate the flying molecular cluster 10 with excitation light to cause at least a portion of the molecular cluster 10 to transition from the ground state to the excited state; S103. Cause the excited molecular cluster 10 to collide with the ion cluster 20; S105. Detect the charged products generated by the collision between molecular cluster 10 and ion cluster 20.

[0048] Through the above scheme, the excitation light irradiates the flying molecular cluster 10, thereby causing the molecular cluster 10 to change from the ground state to the excited state. The energy of the excited state molecules is increased, which increases the possibility of ionic-molecular reactions after colliding with ion cluster 20. By detecting the charged products formed after the collision of molecular clusters and ion clusters, researchers can study the reaction process between excited state molecules and ions based on the charged products, which is beneficial for researchers to explore the reaction mechanism based on molecular-ionic reactions.

[0049] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the ion-molecule reaction method includes a first operating phase and a second operating phase following the first operating phase. The first operating phase occurs after at least a portion of the molecular cluster 10 transitions to an excited state. In the first operating phase, the flight velocity of the molecular cluster 10 is measured. In the second operating phase, the charged products generated by the collision between the molecular cluster 10 and the ion cluster 20 are detected. Measuring the flight velocity of the molecular cluster 10 after its transition to the excited state allows for a more accurate measurement of the flight velocity of the molecular cluster 10 before its collision with the ion cluster 20, facilitating the analysis of the ion-molecule reaction process by researchers. It should be noted that this invention does not limit the method of measuring the flight velocity of the molecular cluster 10. In some embodiments, after the molecular cluster 10 transitions to the excited state, its flight velocity is measured by ionization through methods such as resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization.

[0050] Further, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, causing the molecular cluster 10 to fly toward the ion cluster 20 further includes the following steps: S201. Causing multiple molecular clusters 10 to fly toward the ion cluster 20 in a time sequence along a first flight direction; irradiating the flying molecular clusters 10 with excitation light further includes the following steps: S202. Irradiating different molecular clusters 10 with excitation light at a first irradiation frequency, causing the molecular clusters 10 to transition to an excited state at the first irradiation frequency. The above steps can achieve the excitation of multiple molecular clusters 10.

[0051] The ion-molecule reaction method in the above embodiments further includes a flight velocity detection step, which is performed after the molecular cluster 10 transitions to the excited state. The flight velocity detection step includes: S203. Ionizing the molecular cluster 10 in the excited state at a second irradiation frequency, deflecting the flight direction of the ionized molecular cluster 10 by applying an electric field, and then detecting the velocity of the molecular cluster 10 in the first flight direction after the flight direction deflection. Wherein, the first irradiation frequency is f1, the second irradiation frequency is f2, f2 = n * f1, and n is a positive integer greater than 1. Through this scheme, since the first irradiation frequency is an integer multiple of the second irradiation frequency, the number of molecular clusters 10 whose flight direction is changed can be less than the number of molecular clusters 10 in the excited state. By applying an electric field to deflect the flight direction of the ionized molecular clusters 10, the flight direction of the molecular clusters 10 in the excited state can be prevented from changing, ensuring that some of the multiple molecular clusters 10 can continue to fly along their original flight direction and collide with the ion cluster 20 to generate charged products. By detecting the flight speed of the ionized molecular cluster 10 in the first direction, the flight speed of the molecular cluster 10 colliding with the ion cluster 20 in the first direction can be obtained, which is helpful for researchers to obtain more precise control over the collision energy of ion and molecule reactions.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. An ion-molecular reaction apparatus, characterized in that, include: Ion control components for forming ion clusters; A molecular regulation component for forming molecular clusters and causing the molecular clusters to emit toward the ion clusters; An excitation light source is capable of irradiating the molecular cluster, causing at least a portion of the molecular cluster to transition from the ground state to an excited state; A detection component is used to detect the charged products formed after the molecular cluster collides with the ion cluster.

2. The ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ion control component includes an ion trap, which is configured to: bind the ion cluster before the molecular cluster collides with the ion cluster; and after the molecular cluster in an excited state collides with the ion cluster, bind the charged product generated by the collision of the molecular cluster and the ion cluster, and move the charged product to the detection component so that the detection component can detect the charged product.

3. The ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molecular control component is capable of emitting the molecular clusters multiple times in a time sequence towards the ion clusters; the ion molecular reaction device further includes a molecular cluster deflection component and a velocity measuring element. The molecular cluster deflection component receives a portion of the molecular clusters emitted by the molecular control component along a first flight direction and causes the molecular clusters to fly along a second flight direction. The velocity measuring element is used to detect the velocity of the molecular clusters flying along the second flight direction in the first flight direction, and the first flight direction intersects the second flight direction.

4. The ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The excitation light source is capable of irradiating each of the molecular clusters at a first irradiation frequency, so as to cause the multiple molecular clusters to transition from the ground state to the excited state, and the molecular cluster deflection component receives the molecular clusters at a second irradiation frequency; wherein, the first irradiation frequency is f1, the second irradiation frequency is f2, f1=n*f2, and n is a positive integer greater than 1.

5. The ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The molecular control component includes a pulse valve that opens at the first irradiation frequency to cause the molecular control component to emit the molecular clusters along the first flight direction at the first irradiation frequency.

6. The ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The molecular cluster deflection assembly includes an ionization light source, a high-voltage bias electrode, a low-voltage bias electrode, and a microchannel plate. The ionization light source can irradiate the molecular cluster in an excited state to ionize at least a portion of the molecular cluster. The high-voltage bias electrode, the low-voltage bias electrode, and the microchannel plate are arranged sequentially along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first flight direction. In the first flight direction, the excitation light source and the ionization light source have a predetermined interval. When the ionized molecular clusters fly along the first flight direction to the space between the high-voltage bias electrode and the low-voltage bias electrode, the high-voltage bias electrode and the low-voltage bias electrode deflect the flight direction of the ionized molecular clusters to the second flight direction so that they can be received by the microchannel plate; the velocity measuring element can adjust and record the time difference between the light emitted by the excitation source and the ionization source, and can also detect the amount of charge received by the microchannel plate.

7. The ion-molecule reaction apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ion control component includes an ion trap, which is configured to: bind the ion cluster before the molecular cluster collides with the ion cluster; and after the molecular cluster in the excited state collides with the ion cluster, bind the charged product generated by the collision of the molecular cluster with the ion cluster, and move the charged product to the detection component so that the detection component can detect the charged product. The ion-molecule reaction device further includes a cavity, a first isolation plate, and a second isolation plate. The cavity has a receiving chamber inside. The first isolation plate and the second isolation plate are housed in the receiving chamber and divide the receiving chamber into a beam source chamber, a detection chamber, and a reaction chamber. The molecular control component is housed in the beam source chamber. The high-voltage bias electrode, the low-voltage bias electrode, and the microchannel plate are housed in the detection chamber. The ion trap is housed in the reaction chamber. The first isolation plate includes a first strainer, and the second isolation plate includes a second strainer; the molecular regulation component, the ion trap, the first strainer, and the second strainer are collinear.

8. An ionic molecular reaction method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: To cause molecular clusters to fly toward ion clusters; The molecular cluster in flight is irradiated with an excitation light source to cause at least a portion of the molecular cluster to transition from the ground state to an excited state; The excited molecular clusters collide with the ionic clusters; Detect the charged products generated by the collision between the molecular cluster and the ion cluster.

9. The ionic molecular reaction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ion-molecule reaction method includes a first operating phase and a second operating phase following the first operating phase. The first operating phase occurs after at least a portion of the molecular cluster transitions to an excited state. In the first operating phase, the flight velocity of the molecular cluster is measured. In the second operating phase, charged products generated by collisions between the molecular cluster and the ion cluster are detected.

10. The ionic molecular reaction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The multiple molecular clusters are made to fly toward the ion cluster in a first flight direction in a time sequence; the ion molecular reaction method further includes a flight velocity detection step, which is set after the molecular cluster transitions to the excited state; When the molecular clusters in flight are irradiated with an excitation light source, the excitation light source irradiates different molecular clusters at a first irradiation frequency, causing at least a portion of the different molecular clusters to transition to an excited state; When performing the flight speed detection step, the molecular clusters in the excited state are partially ionized at the second irradiation frequency, the flight direction of the ionized molecular clusters is deflected, and then the speed of the molecular clusters in the first flight direction after the flight direction is deflected is detected. Wherein, the first irradiation frequency is f1, the second irradiation frequency is f2, f1=n*f2, and n is a positive integer greater than 1.

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