An air filter and vacuum pump having the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of filtering equipment, in particular to an air filter and a vacuum pump with the same. The air filter comprises a fixed shell, a filter core assembly, a quick-release upper cover, a quick-lock assembly, an unlocking ring, the fixed shell comprises a hollow cylinder, an air inlet side pipe, an air outlet lower pipe, an annular convex edge and a guide lock groove, the filter core assembly comprises a bottom ring, a top ring, an inner filter ring, a middle filter ring and an outer filter ring, the quick-release upper cover comprises an upper cover body, an upper cover circular cavity, an upper ring groove, a contact disc and a lower ring groove, the quick-lock assembly is slid into the corresponding guide lock groove to realize the locking of the quick-release upper cover, and the unlocking ring comprises an unlocking ring body, an unlocking ring groove and a driving inclined surface. The air filter can realize layer-by-layer filtering from coarse to fine through the three-layer filter rings of the filter core assembly, and the filter core assembly and the quick-release upper cover can be conveniently disassembled. The application further discloses the vacuum pump with the air filter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of filtration equipment technology, specifically to an air filter and a vacuum pump having the same. Background Technology

[0002] An air filter needs to be installed at the air inlet of a vacuum pump. Its core function is to prevent airborne solid particles, dust, and other contaminants from entering the pump chamber. When the vacuum pump is pumping air, outside air is drawn into the filter. The air passes through the filter media, where particulate contaminants are blocked on the outside or inside of the filter material, while clean air enters the pump.

[0003] Existing air filters have the following problems:

[0004] 1. The assembly and disassembly remain unchanged. In order to ensure the sealing effect, it is often necessary to tighten multiple bolt components, so the installation and disassembly remain unchanged.

[0005] 2. Filter clogging: Existing filters do not have a layered distribution design. The single filter structure is easily blocked by large particles, resulting in a sharp decline in filtration efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] An air filter includes a fixed housing, a filter element assembly, a quick-release top cover, a quick-lock assembly, and an unlocking ring;

[0007] The fixed outer shell includes a hollow cylinder with an opening at the top, an air inlet side pipe formed on the side of the hollow cylinder, an air outlet lower pipe formed on the bottom surface of the hollow cylinder, an annular convex edge formed on the upper part of the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, and guide locking grooves evenly distributed around the outer wall of the annular convex edge. The guide locking groove includes an inclined sliding groove on the outer wall of the annular convex edge, an inlet vertical groove at the upper end of the inclined sliding groove, and an arc-shaped flat groove at the lower end of the inclined sliding groove. The middle part and the stop end of the bottom surface of the arc-shaped flat groove are respectively provided with a first locking groove and a second locking groove. The bottom of the hollow cylinder is also provided with a central circular pipe communicating with the air outlet lower pipe. The central circular pipe is provided with a vent side hole. The fixed outer shell also includes active inclined blocks evenly distributed around the bottom surface of the hollow cylinder. The active inclined blocks are arranged in an arc shape in the horizontal projection and gradually increase in height in the counterclockwise direction.

[0008] The filter element assembly includes a bottom ring and a top ring, with an inner filter ring, a middle filter ring, and an outer filter ring coaxially distributed between the bottom ring and the top ring; the filter element assembly also includes a filter element locking ring disposed on the upper edge of the top ring; the filter element assembly also includes a receiving ring groove disposed on the lower end face of the bottom ring for accommodating an active inclined block, and a driven inclined block evenly distributed in the receiving ring groove and cooperating with the active inclined block;

[0009] The quick release upper cover includes an upper cover body with an open lower end, an upper cover circular cavity provided on the lower end surface of the circular top cover of the upper cover body, an upper ring groove provided in the upper cover circular cavity, a rotatable contact disc provided in the upper cover circular cavity, a lower ring groove provided on the upper end surface of the contact disc and corresponding to the upper ring groove, a sealing circular ring provided on the lower end surface of the contact disc, the sealing circular ring being in sealing contact with the upper edge of the hollow cylindrical body, and spherical balls being provided in the upper ring groove and the lower ring groove.

[0010] The quick lock assembly is arranged on the upper cover body, the quick lock assembly corresponds to the guide lock groove, the quick lock assembly is slid into the corresponding guide lock groove to achieve locking of the quick release upper cover, and the quick lock assembly at least includes a quick lock base arranged on the inner circumferential side wall of the upper cover body.

[0011] The unlocking circular ring includes a rotatable unlocking ring body arranged in the upper ring groove, an unlocking ring groove arranged in the unlocking ring body and accommodating the pressure push rod, and a driving inclined surface circumferentially and uniformly arranged in the unlocking ring groove and matched with the pressure inclined surface.

[0012] The air filter further includes a control assembly for controlling the rotation freedom of the locking and unlocking filter element assembly.

[0013] The control assembly includes a control base, a driving rotor and a driven lock rod.

[0014] The control base includes an end cylindrical body arranged on the upper end of the middle circular pipe, a small-diameter opening arranged on the upper end of the end cylindrical body, and a large-diameter circular cavity arranged below the small-diameter opening, and two parallel flat lock holes are arranged below the large-diameter circular cavity.

[0015] The driving rotor includes a limiting disc rotatably arranged in the large-diameter circular cavity, a driving arc groove arranged on the lower end surface of the limiting disc, and a lower transmission column arranged on the upper end of the limiting disc and penetrating through the small-diameter opening, the lower transmission column being in transmission connection with the upper transmission column, and the driving arc groove being provided with two center-symmetrically distributed arc grooves.

[0016] The driven lock rod corresponds to the driving arc groove, and the driven lock rod includes a lock rod body slidably arranged in the flat lock hole, and a lock rod plug arranged on the upper end of the lock rod body and in one-to-one plug-in connection with the driving arc groove.

[0017] As a further embodiment:

[0018] The active arc groove comprises a first arc groove and a second arc groove;

[0019] The first arc groove is a circular arc groove coaxially arranged with the limiting disc;

[0020] The second arc groove is a vortex-shaped groove with a radius linearly decreasing along the circumferential direction.

[0021] The application further discloses a vacuum pump, and the air filter is arranged at an air inlet end of the vacuum pump.

[0022] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:

[0023] The air filter can realize layer-by-layer filtering from coarse to fine through the three-layer filter ring of the filter assembly: air enters the hollow cylinder through the air inlet side pipe, and sequentially passes through the outer filter ring, the middle filter ring, the inner filter ring, the air permeable side hole, and is discharged after passing through the middle circular pipe and the air outlet lower pipe, so that a hierarchical filtering effect is achieved.

[0024] The air filter can be conveniently disassembled, and the quick-release upper cover can ensure sufficient sealing degree on the basis of quick disassembly: the quick-lock base slides into the inclined sliding groove and the arc flat groove through the lead-in vertical groove, and until the locking sliding sleeve is inserted into the first locking groove, the quick-release upper cover can be fixed; the sealing ring is in sealing contact with the upper edge of the hollow cylinder at all times in the above process, so that effective sealing is ensured.

[0025] The air filter can also unlock the rotation freedom of the filter assembly, so that the filter assembly rotates under the action of air blowing and periodically reciprocates longitudinally under the action of the driving inclined block and the driven inclined block, so as to avoid dust and other impurities from blocking the air holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the air filter.

[0028] Figure 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the air filter.

[0029] Figure 3is an isometric cutaway view of one embodiment of the air filter.

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the fixed housing.

[0031] Figure 5 is an isometric cutaway view (lengthwise) of one embodiment of the fixed housing.

[0032] Figure 6 is an isometric cutaway view (widthwise) of one embodiment of the fixed housing.

[0033] Figure 7 is a cutaway view of one embodiment of the fixed housing.

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the filter cartridge assembly.

[0035] Figure 9 is an isometric cutaway view of one embodiment of the filter cartridge assembly.

[0036] Figure 10 is a cutaway view of one embodiment of the quick release upper cover.

[0037] Figure 11 is an isometric cutaway view of one embodiment of the quick release upper cover.

[0038] Figure 12 is an isometric cutaway view of one embodiment of the quick lock assembly and unlock ring.

[0039] Figure 13 is an isometric cutaway view of one embodiment of the unlock ring.

[0040] Figure 14 is an isometric side cutaway view of one embodiment of the control assembly.

[0041] Figure 15 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the control assembly.

[0042] Figure 16 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the drive rotor.

[0043] in the figure:

[0044] 1. fixed housing, 11. hollow cylinder, 12. air inlet side tube, 13. air outlet lower tube, 14. annular protrusion, 15. guide lock slot, 151. inclined slide slot, 152. lead-in vertical slot, 153. arc-shaped flat slot, 154. first lock slot, 155. second lock slot, 16. centrally located circular tube, 17. air permeable side hole, 18. drive inclined block, 19. guide inclined surface;

[0045] 2. Filter core assembly, 21. bottom ring, 22. top ring, 23. inner filter ring, 24. middle filter ring, 25. outer filter ring, 26. filter core lock ring, 27. containing ring groove, 28. driven ramp;

[0046] 3. Quick release upper cover, 31. upper cover body, 32. upper cover circular cavity, 33. upper ring groove, 34. contact disc, 35. lower ring groove, 36. sealing ring, 37. upper cover ring groove, 38. upper transmission column, 39. lock column through hole;

[0047] 4. Quick lock assembly, 41. quick lock base, 42. quick lock longitudinal hole, 43. guide circular shaft, 44. side through hole, 45. locking sleeve, 46. reset compression spring, 47. pressure receiving push rod, 48. pressure receiving inclined surface;

[0048] 5. Unlocking ring, 51. unlocking ring body, 52. unlocking ring groove, 53. driving inclined surface;

[0049] 6. Control assembly;

[0050] 61. Control base, 611. end cylindrical, 612. small diameter opening, 613. large diameter circular cavity, 614. flat lock hole;

[0051] 62. Driving rotor, 621. limiting disc, 622. driving arc groove, 6221. first arc groove, 6222. second arc groove, 623. lower transmission column;

[0052] 63. Driven lock rod, 631. lock rod body, 632. lock rod plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments of the present application.

[0054] An air filter includes a fixed shell 1, a filter core assembly 2, a quick release upper cover 3, a quick lock assembly 4, and an unlocking ring 5.

[0055] The fixed shell 1 comprises an open-top hollow cylinder 11, an air inlet side pipe 12 formed on the side of the hollow cylinder 11, an air outlet lower pipe 13 formed on the bottom of the hollow cylinder 11, an annular convex edge 14 formed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 11, and guide locking grooves 15 circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the annular convex edge 14; the guide locking grooves 15 comprise an inclined sliding groove 151 arranged on the outer wall of the annular convex edge 14, an import vertical groove 152 arranged on the upper end of the inclined sliding groove 151, and an arc-shaped flat groove 153 arranged on the lower end of the inclined sliding groove 151, wherein the middle part and the end of the bottom of the arc-shaped flat groove 153 are respectively provided with a first locking groove 154 and a second locking groove 155; the bottom of the hollow cylinder 11 is further provided with a middle circular pipe 16 in communication with the air outlet lower pipe 13, and the middle circular pipe 16 is provided with a breathable side hole 17; the fixed shell 1 further comprises driving inclined blocks 18 circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the bottom of the hollow cylinder 11, wherein the driving inclined blocks 18 are arranged in an arc shape in the horizontal plane projection, and the driving inclined blocks 18 gradually increase in height in the counterclockwise direction.

[0056] The filter core assembly 2 comprises a bottom circular ring 21 and a top circular ring 22, and coaxially distributed inner, middle and outer filter rings 23, 24 and 25 are arranged between the bottom circular ring 21 and the top circular ring 22; the filter core assembly 2 further comprises a filter core locking ring 26 arranged on the top circular ring 22; the filter core assembly 2 further comprises a containing ring groove 27 arranged on the inner side of the bottom end surface of the bottom circular ring 21 to accommodate the driving inclined blocks 18, and follower inclined blocks 28 circumferentially and uniformly distributed in the containing ring groove 27 and matched with the driving inclined blocks 18.

[0057] The quick-release upper cover 3 comprises an open-bottom upper cover body 31, an upper cover circular cavity 32 arranged on the lower end surface of the circular top cover of the upper cover body 31, an upper ring groove 33 arranged in the upper cover circular cavity 32, a rotatable contact disc 34 arranged in the upper cover circular cavity 32, a lower ring groove 35 arranged on the upper end surface of the contact disc 34 and corresponding to the upper ring groove 33, a sealing circular ring 36 arranged on the outer side of the lower end surface of the contact disc 34 and in sealing contact with the upper side of the hollow cylinder 11, and spherical balls arranged in the upper ring groove 33 and the lower ring groove 35; the circumferential side wall of the upper cover body 31 is provided with an upper cover ring groove 37; the middle part of the lower end surface of the upper cover circular cavity 32 is provided with an upper driving column 38, and the middle part of the contact disc 34 is provided with a locking column through hole 39 matched with the upper driving column 38.

[0058] The quick lock assembly 4 is arranged on the upper cover body 31, the quick lock assembly 4 corresponds to the guide lock slot 15, the quick lock assembly 4 slides into the corresponding guide lock slot 15 to realize the locking of the quick disassembly of the upper cover 3, the quick lock assembly 4 at least includes a quick lock base 41 arranged inside the circumferential side wall of the upper cover body 31; the quick lock assembly 4 further includes a quick lock longitudinal hole 42 arranged below the quick lock base 41, a guide circular shaft 43 arranged at the upper end of the quick lock longitudinal hole 42, a side through hole 44 arranged outside the quick lock longitudinal hole 42 and communicating with the upper cover ring groove 37, a locking sliding sleeve 45 slidably sleeved on the guide circular shaft 43, a reset compression spring 46 arranged in the locking sliding sleeve 45, a pressure receiving push rod 47 arranged outside the locking sliding sleeve 45 and passing through the side through hole 44, and a pressure receiving inclined surface 48 formed on the lower end surface of the pressure receiving push rod 47.

[0059] The unlocking circular ring 5 includes a rotatable unlocking ring body 51 arranged in the upper cover ring groove 37, an unlocking ring groove 52 arranged in the unlocking ring body 51 and containing the pressure receiving push rod 47, and a driving inclined surface 53 circumferentially and uniformly arranged in the unlocking ring groove 52 and matched with the pressure receiving inclined surface 48.

[0060] The air filter further includes a control assembly 6 for controlling the rotation freedom of the locking and unlocking filter element assembly 2;

[0061] The control assembly 6 includes a control base 61, a driving rotor 62, and a driven lock rod 63;

[0062] The control base 61 includes an end cylindrical portion 611 arranged on the upper end of the middle circular tube 16, a small-diameter opening 612 arranged on the upper end of the end cylindrical portion 611, and a large-diameter circular cavity 613 arranged below the small-diameter opening 612, two parallel flat lock holes 614 are arranged below the large-diameter circular cavity 613 and are in communication;

[0063] The driving rotor 62 includes a limiting disc 621 rotatably arranged in the large-diameter circular cavity 613, a driving arc groove 622 arranged on the lower end surface of the limiting disc 621, and a lower transmission column 623 arranged on the upper end of the limiting disc 621 and passing through the small-diameter opening 612, the lower transmission column 623 is in transmission connection with the upper transmission column 38, and the driving arc groove 622 is provided with two center-symmetrically distributed arc grooves;

[0064] The driven lock rod 63 corresponds to the driving arc groove 622, the driven lock rod 63 includes a lock rod body 631 slidably arranged in the flat lock hole 614, and a lock rod plug 632 arranged on the upper end of the lock rod body 631 and in one-to-one plug-in cooperation with the driving arc groove 622.

[0065] As a further embodiment:

[0066] The driving arc groove 622 includes a first arc groove 6221 and a second arc groove 6222;

[0067] The first arc groove 6221 is a circular arc groove coaxially arranged with the limiting disc 621.

[0068] The second arc groove 6222 is a spiral groove with a radius linearly decreasing along the circumferential direction.

[0069] The application further discloses a vacuum pump, and the air filter is arranged at an air inlet end of the vacuum pump.

[0070] It should be noted that the fixed shell 1 further comprises a guide inclined surface 19 arranged in the air inlet side pipe 12.

[0071] It should be noted that the mesh of the inner filter ring 23, the middle filter ring 24 and the outer filter ring 25 increases in turn.

[0072] The air filter provided by the application can perform hierarchical filtering on air through the filter core assembly 2.

[0073] Air enters the hollow cylinder 11 through the air inlet side pipe 12 and sequentially passes through the outer filter ring 25, the middle filter ring 24 and the inner filter ring 23.

[0074] The gas passes through the air permeable side hole 17 and is discharged after passing through the middle circular pipe 16 and the air outlet lower pipe 13, thereby achieving the hierarchical filtering effect.

[0075] The air filter provided by the application provides a quick disassembly and assembly mode, taking the installation process as an example.

[0076] S1, installing the filter core assembly 2.

[0077] The filter core assembly 2 is sleeved into the middle circular pipe 16 from top to bottom.

[0078] S2, installing the quick disassembly upper cover 3.

[0079] The quick disassembly upper cover 3 is arranged above the annular convex edge 14, so that the quick lock base 41 is aligned with the lead-in vertical slot 152 of the guide lock groove 15.

[0080] The quick disassembly upper cover 3 is pressed downward, the quick lock base 41 is slid into the inclined sliding groove 151 through the lead-in vertical slot 152, and in this process, the locking sliding sleeve 45 is pressed and then retracted upward to overcome the damping of the return compression spring 46.

[0081] Then, the quick disassembly upper cover 3 is rotated counterclockwise, and the quick lock base 41 enters the arc flat groove 153 after passing through the inclined sliding groove 151.

[0082] Continue to rotate the quick release upper cover 3 until the locking sleeve 45 is aligned with the first lock slot 154. The reset compression spring 46 drives the locking sleeve 45 to extend downward and be clamped into the first lock slot 154. At this time, the quick release upper cover 3 is fixed.

[0083] During the above installation process, the sealing ring 36 is always in abutment with the upper end of the hollow cylinder 11 to achieve sealing. Even during the rotation of the upper cover body 31, the upper cover cavity 32, and the upper ring groove 33, the contact disc 34 and the sealing ring 36 always remain in a stationary state, effectively ensuring the sealing between the hollow cylinder 11 and the quick release upper cover 3.

[0084] It should be noted that a sealing ring is also provided between the upper driving column 38 and the lock column through hole 39 to further achieve a sealing effect.

[0085] It should be noted that during the above steps S1 and S2, the rotation freedom of the filter element assembly 2 is locked.

[0086] After the quick release upper cover 3 rotates downward along the inclined sliding groove 151 and slides into the arc flat groove 153, the upper driving column 38 abuts against the lower driving column 623. The quick release upper cover 3 is in driving connection with the driving rotor 62.

[0087] Continue to rotate the quick release upper cover 3 until the locking sleeve 45 is locked by the first lock slot 154. At this time, the driving rotor 62 rotates by a corresponding angle.

[0088] During the above process, the first arc slot 6221 of the driving arc slot 622 passes through the lock rod plug 632, but since the first arc slot 6221 is a circular arc slot coaxially arranged with the limiting disc 621, the driven lock rod 63 remains in the same posture.

[0089] The driven lock rod 63 abuts against the filter element lock ring 26, thereby locking the rotation freedom of the filter element assembly 2.

[0090] The air filter described in the present case can also adjust the filter element assembly 2 to rotate and vibrate, thereby reducing the risk of mesh blockage.

[0091] S3, unlock the rotation freedom of the quick release upper cover 3:

[0092] Rotate the unlocking ring 5 clockwise until the driving inclined surface 53 presses the pressure inclined surface 48.

[0093] The pressure inclined surface 48, the pressure push rod 47, and the locking sleeve 45 are pressed to overcome the damping upward movement of the reset compression spring 46. The lower end of the locking sleeve 45 is pulled out upward from the first lock slot 154. The rotation freedom of the quick release upper cover 3 is unlocked.

[0094] S4, unlock the rotation freedom of the filter assembly 2:

[0095] Continue to rotate the quick release upper cover 3 until the locking sleeve 45 slides into the second locking groove 155, and the rotation freedom of the quick release upper cover 3 is locked again;

[0096] The quick release upper cover 3 drives the driving rotor 62 to continue to rotate;

[0097] Because the second arc groove 6222 of the driving arc groove 622 acts on the lock rod plug 632 during this process, and the second arc groove 6222 is a vortex groove with a radius linearly decreasing in the circumferential direction, the driven lock rod 63 is driven to move radially inward;

[0098] The end of the driven lock rod 63 is out of contact with the filter lock ring 26, thereby unlocking the rotation freedom of the filter assembly 2;

[0099] S5, rotation of the filter assembly 2:

[0100] The gas after the guide inclined surface 19 blows to one side of the filter assembly 2, so that the filter assembly 2 rotates;

[0101] During the rotation of the filter assembly 2, the driven inclined block 28 is constantly acted on by the driving inclined block 18, so that the filter assembly 2 periodically reciprocates in the vertical direction, and the dust and other impurities on the filter assembly 2 fall under the action of vibration, effectively slowing down the blockage of the filter assembly 2.

Claims

1. An air filter, comprising a fixed housing (1) and a filter element assembly (2), characterized in that: It also includes a quick-release top cover (3) and a quick-lock assembly (4); The fixed outer shell (1) includes a hollow cylindrical body (11) with an opening at the top, an air inlet side pipe (12) formed on the side of the hollow cylindrical body (11), an air outlet lower pipe (13) formed on the bottom surface of the hollow cylindrical body (11), an annular protrusion (14) formed on the upper part of the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical body (11), and guide lock grooves (15) evenly distributed around the outer wall of the annular protrusion (14). The filter assembly (2) includes a bottom ring (21) and a top ring (22), and an inner filter ring (23), a middle filter ring (24) and an outer filter ring (25) are coaxially distributed between the bottom ring (21) and the top ring (22). The quick-release top cover (3) includes a top cover body (31) with an opening at the lower end, a top cover cavity (32) provided on the lower end face of the circular top cover of the top cover body (31), an upper ring groove (33) provided in the top cover cavity (32), a rotatable contact disc (34) provided in the top cover cavity (32), and a lower ring groove (35) provided on the upper end face of the contact disc (34) and corresponding to the upper ring groove (33). A sealing ring (36) is provided on the outer edge of the lower end face of the contact disc (34). The sealing ring (36) is in sealing contact with the upper edge of the hollow cylinder (11). Spherical balls are provided in the upper ring groove (33) and the lower ring groove (35). The quick-lock assembly (4) is disposed on the upper cover body (31). The quick-lock assembly (4) corresponds one-to-one with the guide lock groove (15). The quick-lock assembly (4) slides into the corresponding guide lock groove (15) to realize the locking of the quick-release upper cover (3). The quick-lock assembly (4) includes at least a quick-lock base (41) disposed inside the circumferential side wall of the upper cover body (31).

2. An air filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide lock groove (15) includes an inclined slide groove (151) on the outer wall of the annular protrusion (14), an inlet vertical groove (152) on the upper end of the inclined slide groove (151), and an arc-shaped flat groove (153) on the lower end of the inclined slide groove (151). The middle part and the stop end of the bottom surface of the arc-shaped flat groove (153) are respectively provided with a first lock groove (154) and a second lock groove (155). The outer edge of the circumferential sidewall of the upper cover body (31) is provided with an upper cover annular groove (37); The quick-lock assembly (4) also includes a quick-lock longitudinal hole (42) located below the quick-lock base (41), a guide shaft (43) located at the upper end of the quick-lock longitudinal hole (42), a side through hole (44) located outside the quick-lock longitudinal hole (42) and communicating with the upper cover annular groove (37), a lock anti-slip sleeve (45) slidably sleeved on the guide shaft (43), a reset spring (46) located inside the lock anti-slip sleeve (45), a pressure-receiving push rod (47) located outside the lock anti-slip sleeve (45) and passing through the side through hole (44), and a pressure-receiving inclined surface (48) formed on the lower end face of the pressure-receiving push rod (47). The air filter also includes an unlocking ring (5), which includes an unlocking ring body (51) rotatably disposed in the upper cover ring groove (37), an unlocking ring groove (52) disposed in the unlocking ring body (51) and accommodating the pressure push rod (47), and an active inclined surface (53) circumferentially distributed in the unlocking ring groove (52) and cooperating with the pressure inclined surface (48).

3. An air filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the hollow cylinder (11) is also provided with a central circular pipe (16) that communicates with the lower air outlet pipe (13), and the central circular pipe (16) is provided with a ventilation side hole (17).

4. An air filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper cover cavity (32) has an upper transmission column (38) in the middle of its lower end face, and the contact disc (34) has a locking column through hole (39) that cooperates with the upper transmission column (38). The filter assembly (2) also includes a filter locking ring (26) located on the upper edge of the top ring (22). The air filter also includes a control component (6) for locking and unlocking the filter assembly (2) and its degree of rotational freedom. The control component (6) includes a control base (61), an active rotor (62), and a driven locking rod (63). The control base (61) includes an end cylinder (611) located at the upper end of the central circular tube (16), a small diameter opening (612) located at the upper end of the end cylinder (611), and a large diameter cavity (613) located below the small diameter opening (612). Two parallel horizontal lock holes (614) are connected below the large diameter cavity (613). The active rotor (62) includes a rotatable limiting disk (621) disposed in the large-diameter circular cavity (613), an active arc groove (622) disposed on the lower end face of the limiting disk (621), and a lower transmission column (623) disposed on the upper end of the limiting disk (621) and passing through the small-diameter opening (612). The lower transmission column (623) is connected to the upper transmission column (38) in a transmission connection. There are two active arc grooves (622) and they are centrally symmetrically distributed. The driven locking rod (63) corresponds one-to-one with the active arc groove (622). The driven locking rod (63) includes a locking rod body (631) that is slidably disposed in the flat locking hole (614) and a locking rod plug (632) disposed on the upper end of the locking rod body (631) and inserted into the active arc groove (622) one-to-one.

5. An air filter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed outer shell (1) also includes active inclined blocks (18) evenly distributed around the bottom surface of the hollow cylinder (11). The active inclined blocks (18) are arranged in an arc shape on the horizontal projection and gradually increase in height in the counterclockwise direction. The filter assembly (2) further includes a receiving annular groove (27) provided in the lower end face of the bottom ring (21) for accommodating the active inclined block (18), and a driven inclined block (28) evenly distributed in the receiving annular groove (27) and cooperating with the active inclined block (18).

6. An air filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The active arc groove (622) includes a first arc groove (6221) and a second arc groove (6222); The first arc groove (6221) is an arc groove coaxially arranged with the limiting disk (621); The second arc groove (6222) is a vortex groove with a radius that decreases linearly along the circumferential direction.

7. A vacuum pump, characterized in that: The vacuum pump inlet is provided with an air filter as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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