Ordered full-capacity charging method and system for electric vehicle charging pile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, and discloses an electric vehicle charging pile ordered capacity-up charging method and system, and the method comprises the steps: dividing the charging capacity of a charging pile into a charging capacity configured for a fixed charging right user and a charging capacity configured for a competitive charging right user; it is ensured that an electric vehicle user with fixed charging rights and interests can be normally charged within specified time, so that the charging experience and satisfaction degree of the electric vehicle user with fixed charging rights and interests are improved, meanwhile, charging resources of the electric vehicle user with competitive charging rights and interests are optimized through a competitive mechanism, charging fairness and flexibility are considered, and the charging experience is improved. The technical problems that high-priority electric vehicle users are likely to face resource shortage in the charging peak period due to a traditional electric vehicle charging scheduling strategy, fairness and flexibility of electric vehicle charging are difficult to consider, and resource distribution reasonability is poor are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, and particularly relates to an orderly full-capacity charging method and system for electric vehicle charging piles. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a green and environmentally friendly means of transportation, electric vehicles have become an important part of urban transportation. However, the large-scale popularization of electric vehicles has posed challenges to the stable operation of the power grid, especially during peak charging periods, the disordered charging of a large number of electric vehicles may lead to increased power grid load fluctuations, decreased voltage stability, overloaded transformers and lines, and other problems. In order to optimize charging scheduling, improve power grid efficiency, reduce operating costs, and enhance the charging experience of electric vehicle users, the charging behavior of electric vehicles needs to be orderly planned.

[0003] Traditional electric vehicle charging scheduling strategies often use a first-come-first-served or completely competitive allocation approach, which may result in resource shortages for some high-priority electric vehicle users during peak charging periods, and it is difficult to balance the fairness and flexibility of electric vehicle charging, and the rationality of resource allocation is poor. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an orderly full-capacity charging method and system for electric vehicle charging piles, which solves the technical problem that traditional electric vehicle charging scheduling strategies may result in resource shortages for some high-priority electric vehicle users during peak charging periods, and it is difficult to balance the fairness and flexibility of electric vehicle charging, and the rationality of resource allocation is poor.

[0005] Therefore, the first aspect of the present application provides an orderly full-capacity charging method for electric vehicle charging piles, comprising:

[0006] obtaining electric vehicle charging time distribution and historical charging demand data, determining the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user, and the charging right attribute includes fixed charging right and competitive charging right;

[0007] If the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is fixed charging right, then based on the charging capacity configured by the charging pile for the fixed charging right user, the electric vehicle user is charged according to the charging rule of the fixed charging right;

[0008] If the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is competitive charging right, then based on the charging capacity configured by the charging pile for the competitive charging right user, the electric vehicle user is charged according to the charging rule of the competitive charging right.

[0009] Optionally, the charging rule of the fixed charging privilege is: obtaining the returning time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated leaving time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user when returning, the desired state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, and the charging power of the charging pile, generating a fixed-privilege charging queue according to a first preset rule, judging whether the charging capacity configured for the fixed-privilege user of the charging pile meets the charging demand of the electric vehicle, if yes, starting to charge the electric vehicle user, and if no, the electric vehicle user queues up to wait for charging according to the fixed-privilege charging queue.

[0010] Optionally, the charging rule of the fixed charging privilege is: obtaining the returning time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated leaving time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user when returning, the desired state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, and the charging power of the charging pile, generating a fixed-privilege charging queue according to a first preset rule, judging whether the charging capacity configured for the fixed-privilege user of the charging pile meets the charging demand of the electric vehicle, if yes, starting to charge the electric vehicle user, and if no, the electric vehicle user queues up to wait for charging according to the fixed-privilege charging queue.

[0011] Optionally, in the process of charging the electric vehicle user with the fixed charging privilege, it is judged whether the charging privilege attribute of the electric vehicle user is transferred to the competitive charging privilege, if yes, the electric vehicle user is charged according to the charging rule of the competitive charging privilege.

[0012] Optionally, queuing up to wait for charging according to the fixed-privilege charging queue comprises:

[0013] Optionally, it is judged whether the electric vehicle user uses the priority charging right, if yes, the electric vehicle user is listed at the first position of the competitive-privilege charging queue, and charging of the electric vehicle user is started, and if no, the electric vehicle user queues up to wait for charging according to the fixed-privilege charging queue, wherein each electric vehicle user with the fixed charging privilege is pre-configured with a preset number of times of the priority charging right.

[0014] Optionally, the first preset rule is the first-come-first-served principle.

[0015] Optionally, the second preset rule is:

[0016] The competitive charging priority of the electric vehicle user is calculated according to the returning time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated leaving time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user when returning, the desired state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, and the charging power of the charging pile.

[0017] Optionally, the calculation method of the competitive charging priority of the electric vehicle user is:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] wherein, prioritizes charging for competing electric vehicle users, prioritizes charging power for electric vehicle users, prioritizes charging efficiency for electric vehicle users, is a load margin of the charging pile, is is greater than a number of time periods, is a number of elements in a set is a time variable, is a number of parking time periods for the ith electric vehicle, is a parking duration of the electric vehicle user, is a number of charging time periods required for the ith electric vehicle, is a charging duration of the electric vehicle user, is a decision cycle of the charging pile, is a state of charge expected by the ith electric vehicle, is a battery capacity of the electric vehicle user, is a state of charge when the ith electric vehicle returns, is a floor function, is a ceiling function.

[0023] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0024] randomly generating charging data of the electric vehicle user based on a Monte Carlo simulation method, and evaluating robustness of the ordered full-capacity charging method of the electric vehicle charging pile according to the charging data of the electric vehicle user.

[0025] The two aspects of the application provide an electric vehicle charging pile ordered full-capacity charging system, comprising:

[0026] a data acquisition module configured to acquire electric vehicle charging time distribution and historical charging demand data, and determine charging right attributes of electric vehicle users, the charging right attributes including fixed charging right attributes and competing charging right attributes, wherein each electric vehicle user of each fixed charging right attribute is pre-configured with a preset number of times of secondary charging right;

[0027] The fixed charging module is used for charging the electric vehicle user according to the charging rule of the fixed charging right if the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is the fixed charging right and based on the charging capacity configured for the fixed charging right user by the charging pile.

[0028] The competitive charging module is used for charging the electric vehicle user according to the charging rule of the competitive charging right if the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is the competitive charging right and based on the charging capacity configured for the competitive charging right user by the charging pile.

[0029] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the electric vehicle charging pile orderly full charging method provided by the application has the following advantages:

[0030] The electric vehicle charging pile orderly full charging method provided by the application divides the charging capacity of the charging pile into the charging capacity configured for the fixed charging right user and the charging capacity configured for the competitive charging right user, ensures that the electric vehicle user with the fixed charging right can be normally charged within the specified time, thereby improving the charging experience and satisfaction of the electric vehicle user with the fixed charging right, and at the same time, optimizes the charging resources of the electric vehicle user with the competitive charging right through the competitive mechanism, takes into account the fairness and flexibility of charging, and solves the technical problems that the traditional electric vehicle charging scheduling strategy is easy to cause the electric vehicle user with high priority to face resource shortage in the charging peak period, and it is difficult to take into account the fairness and flexibility of electric vehicle charging and the rationality of resource allocation is poor.

[0031] Meanwhile, the electric vehicle charging pile orderly full charging method provided by the application locks part of the charging resources in advance through the fixed right charging queue, and the competitive right charging queue dynamically adjusts the charging task, so that the idle resources can be quickly matched to other users with charging demand, improves the overall charging pile utilization rate, and adopts the competitive mechanism based on multi-level evaluation indexes, which can ensure the rationality of resource allocation, so that the charging pile can serve more users under limited infrastructure.

[0032] Further, since the charging load has significant time-varying characteristics, simply relying on power distribution network expansion to meet the charging demand is a costly and inefficient way, and the electric vehicle charging pile orderly full charging method provided by the application can optimize the use efficiency of the existing charging facilities without increasing the transformer capacity or adding the power distribution line, ensure that most users can successfully complete the charging, reduce the impact on the power grid, thereby delaying the upgrading demand of the transformer and the power distribution equipment, and reducing the expansion cost of the power distribution system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to make the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the drawings needed in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and other related drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 A flowchart of an orderly full-capacity charging method for an electric vehicle charging pile provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 2 An execution logic block diagram of an orderly full-capacity charging method for an electric vehicle charging pile provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0036] Figure 3 A load trend comparison diagram of unordered charging of an electric vehicle charging pile and the orderly full-capacity charging method provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0037] Figure 4 A cost comparison diagram of unordered charging of an electric vehicle charging pile and the orderly full-capacity charging method provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0038] Figure 5 A structure diagram of an orderly full-capacity charging system for an electric vehicle charging pile provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the drawings needed in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and other related drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0040] For the convenience of understanding, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment of an orderly full-capacity charging method for an electric vehicle charging pile is provided by the present application, which comprises:

[0041] Step 101: Obtain electric vehicle charging time distribution and historical charging demand data, judge the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user, and the charging right attribute comprises fixed charging right and competitive charging right.

[0042] It should be noted that when the electric vehicle accesses the charging pile, the charging pile system obtains the electric vehicle charging time distribution and historical charging demand data. The charging pile system combines the power supply capacity of the transformer area to screen out fixed charging right users, sets a non-fixed charging right period, and sets exclusive charging capacity for fixed charging right users to prioritize their charging rights in this period. Fixed right users are equivalent to "privileged users", and competitive right users are equivalent to "ordinary users". When meeting the charging requirements of users, the rights and interests of privileged users should be prioritized. Based on the change of the fixed right period, the charging right attribute of the user changes, and the charging pile system dynamically adjusts the fixed right capacity allocation.

[0043] The average number of fixed right users needing to charge in the current fixed right period interval is set as the value that can meet the simultaneous charging of users, and will change with the change of the fixed right period, realizing dynamic adjustment, which can more efficiently utilize the public variable capacity while guaranteeing the charging experience of fixed right users.

[0044] Step 102, if the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is fixed charging right, the electric vehicle user is charged according to the charging rules of the fixed charging right based on the charging capacity configured by the charging pile for the fixed charging right user.

[0045] It should be noted that when the electric vehicle user accesses the charging pile, the charging pile system will record the return time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge at the return time and the battery capacity of the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle user will input the expected departure time and the desired state of charge. The charging pile calculates the charging duration of the electric vehicle user according to the obtained electric vehicle user data. The calculation method of the charging duration of the electric vehicle user is:

[0046]

[0047] wherein, is the charging duration of the electric vehicle user, is the desired state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle, is the battery capacity of the electric vehicle user, is the initial state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle at the return time, is the charging power of the electric vehicle user, is the charging efficiency of the electric vehicle user, is the upward rounding symbol.

[0048] ​The charging pile first judges the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user accessing the charging pile as a fixed charging right, if the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is a fixed charging right, the return time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated leaving time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user when returning, the expected state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle and the charging power of the charging pile are obtained, a fixed right charging queue is generated according to the first preset rule, whether the charging capacity of the charging pile meets the charging demand of the electric vehicle is judged, if yes, the electric vehicle user is charged, if not, the electric vehicle user queues and waits for charging according to the fixed right charging queue.

[0049] In order to ensure that each electric vehicle user can enjoy the fixed charging right in a day, the number of charging piles covered by a single period is defined as:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Wherein, N is the total number of charging piles, is a single fixed charging right period, is the expected state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle, is the battery capacity of the electric vehicle user, is the average value of the remaining state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle when returning, is the charging power of the electric vehicle user, is the charging efficiency of the electric vehicle user.

[0053] The return time of the electric vehicle user obeys the first normal distribution, the estimated leaving time of the electric vehicle user obeys the second normal distribution, and the first normal distribution is:

[0054]

[0055] The second normal distribution is:

[0056]

[0057] Wherein, is the first normal distribution function, is the return time of the electric vehicle user, is the mean value of the probability density function of the return time of the electric vehicle user, in the application the optimal value of 17.63 is taken, is the variance of the probability density function of the return time of the electric vehicle user, in the application the optimal value of 2.41 is taken, is a second normal distribution function, is a predicted leaving time of the electric vehicle user, is a mean value of a probability density function of the predicted leaving time of the electric vehicle user, is 7.921, an optimal value, is a variance of the probability density function of the predicted leaving time of the electric vehicle user, is 1.90, an optimal value.

[0058] charging probability of the electric vehicle user after returning to the charging pile is:

[0059]

[0060] wherein, is a charging frequency of the electric vehicle user in a week.

[0061] capacity allocated to the fixed equity user is calculated in the following manner:

[0062]

[0063] wherein, is a starting time of the fixed charging equity time period.

[0064] capacity allocated to the competitive equity user is calculated in the following manner:

[0065]

[0066] wherein, is a total capacity of the transformer area.

[0067] If the charging capacity configured for the competitive charging equity user by the charging pile satisfies the charging demand of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle user can directly start charging; if the charging capacity configured for the competitive charging equity user by the charging pile does not satisfy the charging demand of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle user queues according to the fixed equity charging queue. The charging pile system generates the fixed equity charging queue according to a first preset rule, and the first preset rule is the first come first served principle, that is, the fixed charging equity user generates the fixed equity charging queue in the manner of first come first served.

[0068] In one embodiment, the queuing for charging according to the fixed charging right queue in this step specifically includes: judging whether the electric vehicle user uses the priority charging right, if yes, listing the electric vehicle user at the first position of the competitive charging right queue, and starting to charge the electric vehicle user, if not, queuing the electric vehicle user for charging according to the fixed charging right queue, wherein each electric vehicle user of the fixed charging right is pre-configured with a preset number of times of the priority charging right. The fixed charging right user is given a limited number of times of the queue-jumping right, and in an emergency, the charging resource can be interrupted for the competitive charging right user to obtain the charging resource preferentially. Each electric vehicle user of the fixed charging right is pre-configured with a preset number of times of the priority charging right, and the preset number of times of the priority charging right is once a month. When the charging capacity configured by the charging pile for the fixed charging right user cannot meet the charging demand of the electric vehicle, if the electric vehicle user still has the number of times of the priority charging right, the electric vehicle user can choose to use the priority charging right to charge preferentially. If the electric vehicle user has used the priority charging right, the charging pile lists the electric vehicle user at the first position of the competitive charging right queue, and directly starts to charge the electric vehicle user. If the electric vehicle user has no number of times of the priority charging right or does not choose to use the priority charging right to charge preferentially, the electric vehicle user queues for charging according to the fixed charging right queue. The probability of using the priority charging right by the fixed charging right user is:

[0069]

[0070] wherein, is the probability of using the priority charging right by the fixed charging right user, is the number of times of charging by the electric vehicle user within a month.

[0071] In one embodiment, since the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user has the transferability according to the time period, in the process of charging the electric vehicle user of the fixed charging right, it is needed to judge whether the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is transferred to the competitive charging right in real time, if yes, jumping to step 103 to charge the electric vehicle user according to the charging rule of the competitive charging right.

[0072] Step 103, if the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is the competitive charging right, charging the electric vehicle user according to the charging rule of the competitive charging right based on the charging capacity configured by the charging pile for the competitive charging right user.

[0073] It should be noted that after the electric vehicle user accesses the charging pile, the charging pile can calculate the number of time periods in which the load margin of the charging pile is greater than the charging power of the electric vehicle user within the time periods in which the electric vehicle user parks from the current time period . , that is: ​​

[0074]

[0075] wherein, is a set is the number of elements in the set, t is a time variable, is the number of parking time periods of the ith electric vehicle.

[0076] The charging pile system makes a decision every certain time period (i.e. defined as the decision-making period of the charging pile), changes the charging state of the charging pile, and predicts the load power of the transformer area every For the electric vehicles connected to the charging pile at a non-decision-making time, since they have missed the decision-making signal of the last time, they are considered to be connected to the charging pile at the next decision-making time and accept the scheduling. The definition of the number of charging time periods required by the electric vehicle and the number of parking time periods of the user is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] wherein, is the parking time of the electric vehicle user, is the number of charging time periods required by the ith electric vehicle, is the charging time of the electric vehicle user, is the number of parking time periods of the ith electric vehicle, is a floor function, is a ceiling function.

[0079] When ≥ , the charging pile can meet the charging demand of the electric vehicle user during the parking time of the electric vehicle, and the charging pile arranges the charging queue of the electric vehicle user according to the priority order by calculating the competitive charging priority of the electric vehicle user. The charging pile generates a competitive right charging queue according to a second preset rule, and the second preset rule is: calculating the competitive charging priority of the electric vehicle user according to the return time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated leaving time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user at the return time, the expected state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, and the charging power of the charging pile. The calculation method of the competitive charging priority of the electric vehicle user is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] wherein, is the competitive charging priority of the electric vehicle user.

[0082] For users with a smaller priority , the adjustability of the charging time is smaller, so the charging is arranged in priority; for users with a larger priority The higher the user, the higher the adjustable ability of the charging time, and the charging time can be selected as much as possible in the user's stay time to achieve the purpose of peak load shifting of the transformer area. Therefore, the charging queue is arranged according to the value of the priority from small to large. For users with the same priority, since the charging of the electric vehicle user with a smaller remaining parking period can make it faster to exit the connection of the charging pile to relieve the load pressure of the transformer area, the electric vehicle user with a smaller remaining parking period is preferentially charged. When

[0083] When ≤ , the charging pile cannot meet the charging demand of the electric vehicle user during the parking time of the electric vehicle, the charging pile system calculates the maximum state of charge of the electric vehicle that can be met by the electric vehicle user at the leaving time, and whether the user accepts the charging service is selected by the user. If the user accepts, the electric vehicle is charged according to the charging queue of the competitive right, and if the user does not accept, the service of charging the electric vehicle user is exited. The calculation method of the maximum state of charge of the electric vehicle that can be met by the charging pile at the leaving time of the electric vehicle user is:

[0084]

[0085] wherein, is the maximum state of charge of the electric vehicle that can be met by the charging pile at the leaving time of the electric vehicle user.

[0086] After determining the charging sequence, the charging pile selects the time period with a load margin ≥ for the electric vehicle user to arrange charging within the time period of the parking of the electric vehicle, until time periods are arranged. Considering that the selected time periods may not be continuous, resulting in discontinuity of the charging process, affecting the service life of the electric vehicle battery and reducing the user satisfaction, it is necessary to set a constraint on the number of charging interruptions of the electric vehicle to maximize the continuity of the charging process of the electric vehicle, reduce the negative impact of orderly charging on the charging machine and the power battery of the electric vehicle. The constraint of the number of charging interruptions of the electric vehicle is: .

[0087] In an embodiment, after steps 102 and 103, the following can also be included:

[0088] Step 104, randomly generating charging data of the electric vehicle user based on the Monte Carlo simulation method, and evaluating the robustness of the orderly full charging method of the electric vehicle charging pile based on the charging data of the electric vehicle user.​

[0089] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, Monte Carlo simulation method is used to randomly generate charging data of electric vehicles, simulate the charging behavior of electric vehicle users, and evaluate the robustness and load distribution characteristics of the ordered full-capacity charging method for electric vehicle charging piles provided by the present application through multiple random sampling. The specific execution steps are as follows:

[0090] (1) Establish a mathematical model, define related variables and constraint conditions such as charging power, state of charge, etc.

[0091] It should be noted that the mathematical model aims to peak shaving, load curve smoothing, and the constraint conditions include: the total capacity of the transformer area does not exceed the rated value P max , the number of charging process interruptions does not exceed 2 times, the sum of fixed / competitive equity capacity satisfies P f +P c ≤P max , and the charging power does not exceed the rated value of the pile, etc. The defined related variables include charging power P n , battery capacity W i , charging efficiency η, expected state of charge S de,i , initial state of charge S ini,i when returning, user return and departure time T r and T d , charging priority γ, etc.

[0092] (2) Determine the probability distribution of related variables, including the return time, departure time and initial state of charge of electric vehicle users, set the probability density function of the return time and departure time of electric vehicle users.

[0093] (3) Random sampling is performed to generate (pseudo) random numbers that meet the probability distribution.

[0094] It should be noted that the data randomly sampled include: user return and departure time T r and T d , initial state of charge S ini,i when returning, expected state of charge S de,i , battery capacity W i , charging power P n , charging efficiency η, charging frequency n cw , user type (fixed equity user / competitive equity user), and queuing probability λ p . Among them, (pseudo) random numbers are used to generate random variables that meet the specified probability distribution for user return and departure time T r and T d and initial state of charge S ini,i .

[0095] (4) Substituting the randomly sampled data, running the system model.

[0096] It should be noted that the running system model is the established charging pile system. The charging pile system first divides the queue according to the user category: the fixed equity user charges according to the principle of "first come, first served", and can exercise the limited right to cut in in emergency; the competitive equity user is queued and dispatched according to the charging priority γ. During the dispatching process, the charging time period and charging power are allocated to the user in combination with the transformer capacity constraint and the user parking time, and the charging completion condition and the number of interruptions are counted.

[0097] (5) Calculate the charging load of a single electric vehicle and accumulate the load curve.

[0098] (6) Whether the total amount of electric vehicles is reached, yes, stop, otherwise return to step (3).

[0099] It should be noted that when the cumulative number of sampled electric vehicles reaches the set total amount (i.e. the total number of electric vehicles in the community), the simulation is stopped.

[0100] Through the above evaluation process based on Monte Carlo simulation, the electric vehicle charging behavior of the user under uncertain conditions can be simulated on a large scale. By randomly generating key data such as the return time, departure time, state of charge, battery capacity and user category of the user, the data is input into the double-queue ordered charging management system for scheduling, and then the overall load curve, load peak-valley difference, load variance and user average charging cost under different scenarios are obtained. Since the randomness and diversity of user behavior are considered in the simulation process, this method can reflect the operation effect of the strategy under different load conditions, different user demands and different scheduling constraints, thereby effectively verifying the robustness and adaptability of the ordered full-capacity charging method, ensuring that it can meet the charging needs of users and ensure the safety and stability of the power distribution system in practical applications.

[0101] The ordered full-capacity charging method for electric vehicle charging piles provided by the present application divides the charging capacity of the charging pile into the charging capacity configured for the fixed charging equity user and the charging capacity configured for the competitive charging equity user, ensures that the electric vehicle user with fixed charging equity can normally charge within a specified time, thereby improving the charging experience and satisfaction of the electric vehicle user with fixed charging equity, and at the same time, optimizes the charging resources of the electric vehicle user with competitive charging equity through the competition mechanism, taking into account the fairness and flexibility of charging, solving the technical problem that the traditional electric vehicle charging scheduling strategy is prone to cause resource shortage for high-priority electric vehicle users during the charging peak period, and it is difficult to balance the fairness and flexibility of electric vehicle charging, and the rationality of resource allocation is poor.

[0102] Meanwhile, the electric vehicle charging pile orderly and fully-capacity charging method provided by the present invention locks in a portion of the charging resources in advance through a fixed-rights charging queue, while the competitive-rights charging queue dynamically adjusts the charging tasks, so that idle resources can be quickly matched to other users with charging needs, thereby improving the overall utilization rate of charging piles. Furthermore, the competitive mechanism based on multi-level evaluation indicators can ensure the rationality of resource allocation, enabling charging piles to serve more users with limited infrastructure.

[0103] Furthermore, since charging loads have significant time-varying characteristics, simply relying on the expansion of the power distribution network to meet charging demand is a costly and inefficient approach. The electric vehicle charging pile orderly full-capacity charging method provided by this invention can optimize the utilization efficiency of existing charging facilities without increasing transformer capacity or adding new power distribution lines, ensuring that most users can complete charging smoothly, reducing the impact on the power grid, thereby delaying the need for upgrading transformers and power distribution equipment, and reducing the expansion cost of the power distribution system.

[0104] To verify the technical effectiveness of the orderly and fully-capacity charging method for electric vehicle charging piles provided by this invention, a specific application example is provided for illustration: Taking a residential area with a transformer capacity of 3600kW as an example for calculation analysis, the typical load curve shows two load peaks around 12:00 and 20:00. Assuming the ratio of electric vehicles to their parking spaces and charging piles in the residential area is 1:1:1, and that electric vehicle charging is constant power charging, the charging power... Given a power output of 6kW and a charging efficiency η of 0.92, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle... Given a capacity of 50 kWh, the user expects a specific state of charge. The value is uniformly set to 0.9, the time period length Δt is set to 15 minutes, and the average value of the remaining state of charge of the electric vehicle when it returns is... Set it to 0.6, and substitute it with the single fixed benefit duration. The calculation formula is used to calculate The charging time is 3 hours. Based on statistics showing that electric vehicles are charged twice a week and six times a month, the charging probability is... Set to 2 / 7, the probability of fixed-rights users using priority. Set to 1 / 6. Peak-valley time-of-use pricing and time periods are shown in Table 1.

[0105]

[0106] like Figure 3As shown, in the disordered charging mode, the conventional power consumption peak of the residential area is superimposed with the charging load of the electric vehicle, resulting in the phenomenon of "peak on peak" during 18:00-22:00. The load superposition makes the residential area distribution transformer face the risk of overload, which may cause equipment damage and affect the safe and stable operation of the distribution network. In contrast, the orderly charging method of the electric vehicle charging pile proposed in the application can significantly reduce the load peak-valley difference and load variance, effectively smooth the load curve fluctuation, and achieve the optimization effect of peak shifting and valley filling; as shown Figure 4 As shown, the per-vehicle charging cost of the electric vehicle user in the disordered charging mode is 7.45 yuan, and under the control of the orderly charging method of the electric vehicle charging pile proposed in the application, the per-vehicle charging cost of the electric vehicle user is reduced to 5.16 yuan, which is reduced by 30.73% compared with the disordered charging mode.

[0107] Based on the above result analysis, the orderly charging method of the electric vehicle charging pile proposed in the application not only can reduce the peak-valley difference and variance of the residential area load curve, but also can effectively save the charging cost of the user, which is consistent with the theory and verifies the effectiveness of the method of the embodiment of the application.

[0108] For the convenience of understanding, please refer to Figure 5 In the application, an embodiment of an orderly charging system of an electric vehicle charging pile is provided, which comprises:

[0109] A data acquisition module is configured to acquire electric vehicle charging time distribution and historical charging demand data, judge the charging right and interest attribute of the electric vehicle user, and the charging right and interest attribute comprises fixed charging right and interest and competitive charging right and interest, wherein the electric vehicle user with the fixed charging right and interest has the priority charging right.

[0110] A fixed charging module is configured to charge the electric vehicle user according to the charging rule of the fixed charging right and interest if the charging right and interest attribute of the electric vehicle user is the fixed charging right and interest, wherein the charging rule of the fixed charging right and interest is that the return time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated leaving time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user when returning, the expected state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle and the charging power of the charging pile are acquired, a fixed right and interest charging queue is generated according to a first preset rule, it is judged whether the charging capacity configured for the fixed charging right and interest user of the charging pile meets the charging demand of the electric vehicle, if yes, the electric vehicle user is charged, and if not, the electric vehicle user queues up and waits for charging according to the fixed right and interest charging queue.

[0111] The competition charging module is configured to charge the electric vehicle user according to the charging rule of the competition charging right if the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is the competition charging right.

[0112] In one embodiment, the fixed charging module is configured to determine whether the charging right attribute of the electric vehicle user is transferred to the competition charging right during the charging of the electric vehicle user with the fixed charging right, and if yes, jump to the competition charging module to charge the electric vehicle user according to the charging rule of the competition charging right.

[0113] In one embodiment, the fixed charging module is configured to queue the electric vehicle user according to the fixed right charging queue, including:

[0114] In one embodiment, the fixed charging module is configured to determine whether the electric vehicle user uses the priority charging right, and if yes, list the electric vehicle user at the first position of the competition right charging queue and start charging the electric vehicle user, and if not, queue the electric vehicle user according to the fixed right charging queue, wherein each electric vehicle user with the fixed charging right is pre-configured with a preset number of times of the priority charging right.

[0115] In one embodiment, the first preset rule is the first-come-first-served principle.

[0116] In one embodiment, the second preset rule is:

[0117] In one embodiment, the competition charging priority of the electric vehicle user is calculated according to the return time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated departure time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user when returning, the desired state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, and the charging power of the charging pile.

[0118] In one embodiment, the competition charging priority of the electric vehicle user is calculated according to the return time of the electric vehicle user, the estimated departure time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user when returning, the desired state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, and the charging power of the charging pile.

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] wherein, a charging priority for a competition of electric vehicle users, a charging power for an electric vehicle user, a charging efficiency for an electric vehicle user, a load margin of a charging pile, is is greater than a number of time periods, is a number of elements in a set is a time variable, is a number of parking time periods of the i-th electric vehicle, is a parking duration of an electric vehicle user, is a number of charging time periods required by the i-th electric vehicle, is a charging duration of an electric vehicle user, is a decision cycle of a charging pile, is a state of charge expected by the i-th electric vehicle, is a battery capacity of an electric vehicle user, is a state of charge when the i-th electric vehicle returns, is a floor function, is a ceiling function.

[0124] In one embodiment, further comprising:

[0125] an evaluation module configured to generate charging data of electric vehicle users randomly based on a Monte Carlo simulation method, and evaluate robustness of the ordered full-capacity charging method of the electric vehicle charging pile based on the charging data of the electric vehicle users.

[0126] In one embodiment, the returning time of the electric vehicle user is subject to a first normal distribution, and the expected leaving time of the electric vehicle user is subject to a second normal distribution, and the first normal distribution is:

[0127]

[0128] the second normal distribution is:

[0129]

[0130] wherein, is a first normal distribution function, is a returning time of an electric vehicle user, is a mean of a probability density function of the returning time of the electric vehicle user, is a variance of the probability density function of the returning time of the electric vehicle user, is a second normal distribution function, is an expected leaving time of an electric vehicle user, a mean value of a probability density function of a predicted leaving time instant of the electric vehicle user, a variance of a probability density function of a predicted leaving time instant of the electric vehicle user.

[0131] In one embodiment, the preset number of times is 1 time per month.

[0132] The electric vehicle charging pile orderly full charging system provided in the application is used to execute the electric vehicle charging pile orderly full charging method provided in the application, and the technical effects have been described in the embodiments of the electric vehicle charging pile orderly full charging method provided in the application, and will not be described here again.

[0133] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application, rather than limit them; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles, characterized in that, include: Obtain data on electric vehicle charging time distribution and historical charging demand to determine the charging rights attributes of electric vehicle users, which include fixed charging rights and competitive charging rights. If the charging rights of electric vehicle users are fixed charging rights, then the electric vehicle users will be charged according to the charging rules of fixed charging rights based on the charging capacity configured for users with fixed charging rights at the charging pile. If the charging rights of electric vehicle users are competitive charging rights, then the charging of electric vehicle users will be carried out according to the charging rules of competitive charging rights, based on the charging capacity configured for users with competitive charging rights at the charging pile.

2. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging rules for fixed charging rights are as follows: obtain the electric vehicle user's return time, the electric vehicle user's expected departure time, the electric vehicle user's state of charge upon return, the electric vehicle user's desired state of charge, the electric vehicle's battery capacity, and the charging power of the charging pile; generate a fixed-rights charging queue according to the first preset rule; determine whether the charging capacity configured by the charging pile for the fixed-rights user meets the electric vehicle's charging needs; if so, start charging the electric vehicle user; if not, the electric vehicle user waits in line for charging according to the fixed-rights charging queue.

3. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging rules for competing for charging rights are as follows: obtain the return time of the electric vehicle user, the expected departure time of the electric vehicle user, the state of charge of the electric vehicle user upon return, the expected state of charge of the electric vehicle user, the battery capacity of the electric vehicle, and the charging power of the charging pile. Generate a competitive charging queue according to the second preset rule, and determine whether the charging capacity configured by the charging pile for the competitive charging rights user meets the charging needs of the electric vehicle. If yes, start charging for the electric vehicle user; otherwise, the electric vehicle user waits in line for charging according to the competitive charging queue.

4. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the charging process for electric vehicle users with fixed charging rights, it is determined whether the charging rights of electric vehicle users have been transferred to competitive charging rights. If so, the charging of electric vehicle users is carried out according to the charging rules of competitive charging rights.

5. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Waiting in a fixed-rights charging queue to charge includes: Determine whether the electric vehicle user is using priority charging rights. If so, place the electric vehicle user at the top of the competitive rights charging queue and start charging for the electric vehicle user. If not, the electric vehicle user will wait in line for charging according to the fixed rights charging queue. Each electric vehicle user with fixed charging rights is pre-configured with a preset number of priority charging rights.

6. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pre-set rule is the first-come, first-served principle.

7. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset rule is: The competitive charging priority of electric vehicle users is calculated based on their return time, expected departure time, state of charge upon return, desired state of charge, battery capacity, and charging power of the charging station.

8. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation method for competitive charging priority for electric vehicle users is as follows: in, Prioritizing charging for electric vehicle users in a competitive market. Charging power for electric vehicle users, To improve charging efficiency for electric vehicle users. For the load margin of the charging pile, for Greater than The number of time periods, For set The number of internal elements, where t is a time variable. Let i be the number of parking periods for the i-th electric vehicle. For electric vehicle users' parking time, The number of time intervals required to charge the i-th electric vehicle. Charging time for electric vehicle users The decision-making cycle for charging piles. Let i be the desired state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle. For electric vehicle users' battery capacity, Let represent the state of charge of the i-th electric vehicle when it returns. The floor symbol is used for rounding down. The rounding up symbol.

9. The method for orderly and fully-capacitated charging of electric vehicle charging piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Charging data of electric vehicle users is randomly generated using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The robustness of the orderly and full-capacity charging method of electric vehicle charging piles is evaluated based on the charging data of electric vehicle users.

10. An orderly and fully-capacity charging system for electric vehicle charging piles, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire electric vehicle charging time distribution and historical charging demand data, and to determine the charging rights attributes of electric vehicle users. The charging rights attributes include fixed charging rights and competitive charging rights. Among them, each electric vehicle user with fixed charging rights is pre-configured with a preset number of priority charging rights. A fixed charging module is used to charge electric vehicle users according to the charging rules of fixed charging rights, based on the charging capacity configured for users with fixed charging rights in the charging pile. The competitive charging module is used to charge electric vehicle users according to the charging rules of competitive charging rights, based on the charging capacity configured for users with competitive charging rights at the charging pile.

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