Operating mechanism and automatic change-over switch

Abstract

The invention discloses an operating mechanism and an automatic change-over switch, the operating mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a gear assembly, a power coil, a movable iron core, a static iron core, a magnet yoke and a locking coil, the gear assembly, the power coil, the movable iron core, the static iron core, the magnet yoke and the locking coil are all located in the mounting frame; the gear assembly moves to drive the power coil, and the power coil enables the movable iron core and the static iron core to act. The gear assembly comprises a driving gear, a driving gear shifting plate, a driven gear and a driven gear shifting plate, the driving gear and the driving gear shifting plate are sequentially installed at one end of a square shaft, and a connecting rod is installed at the other end of the square shaft. Compared with the prior art, the device realizes the instantaneous opening function through the arrangement of the actuator and the linkage rod, can realize the instantaneous opening function of the circuit breaker, improves the integration level and safety of the product, is simple in structure, comprehensive in function and simple in operation, improves the use convenience of customers, improves the line safety, and is suitable for popularization and application. And safer and more reliable use experience is brought to customers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical technology, and more particularly to an operating mechanism and an automatic transfer switch. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, automatic transfer switches are widely used in various locations such as industry, commerce, hospitals, rail transit, high-rise buildings, and fire protection. They can automatically switch one or more load circuits from one power source to another to ensure the normal power supply to the load circuits. During the closing process, automatic transfer switches require a mechanical mechanism or commutation coil to perform a commutation operation before closing. The reliability and speed of this commutation depend on the magnitude of the magnetic force and the transmission efficiency of the mechanical structure. A stronger magnetic force results in a faster closing speed during commutation, while a weaker magnetic force leads to slower contact movement and a longer duration of sparking between the moving and stationary contacts, thus reducing the product's lifespan. Therefore, the commutation reliability and speed of automatic transfer switches are directly related to the transmission efficiency of the mechanical structure or the magnitude of the magnetic force of the commutation coil, and are greatly affected by external operating forces.

[0003] Therefore, it is essential to invent a reliable operating mechanism to avoid problems such as unstable commutation and short service life. During the circuit breaker closing process, the energy storage mechanism can store energy and release it to achieve rapid closure of the moving and stationary contacts, which helps to reduce contact erosion and thus ensure the electrical life of the circuit breaker.

[0004] However, conventional circuit breaker operating mechanisms require opening before reversing. During opening, the element drives the linkage, which in turn drives the square shaft, resulting in a free travel. This process reduces the final contact pressure and increases the temperature, affecting the switch's breaking performance. Furthermore, if the closing mechanism on the opposite side is closed during opening, there is a risk of jamming. Additionally, existing standby and standby closing / opening mechanisms share a single set of elastic elements, leading to significant deformation during switching. This places high demands on the elastic elements, making them prone to fatigue and reducing the overall mechanical lifespan of the mechanism. In practical applications, many switching devices require automatic switching to connect the load to both primary and standby power supplies without manual intervention. These two switching operations correspond to two positions on the operating mechanism.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a new type of dual-position automatic transfer switch operating mechanism with high reliability, long service life, precise speed ratio control, and synchronization guarantee is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an operating mechanism that solves the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides an operating mechanism, including a mounting frame, a gear assembly, a power coil, moving and stationary iron cores, a magnetic yoke, and a locking coil, wherein the gear assembly, the power coil, the moving and stationary iron cores, the magnetic yoke, and the locking coil are all located within the mounting frame; the movement of the gear assembly drives the power coil, and the power coil causes the moving and stationary iron cores to move; The gear assembly includes a driving gear, a driving gear shift plate, a driven gear, and a driven gear shift plate. The driving gear and the driving gear shift plate are sequentially mounted on one end of a square shaft. A connecting rod is mounted on the other end of the square shaft. The end of the square shaft near the connecting rod is mounted on a first positioning plate, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame. The driven gear is mounted opposite to the driving gear, allowing the driving gear and driven gear to be in a meshing state and a non-meshing state. The end of the driven gear away from the driving gear is fixed to a brake plate, which is fixed to the mounting frame. The driving gear shift plate and the driven gear shift plate are in a restricted state and a non-restricted state. When the driving gear shift plate and the driven gear shift plate are in the restricted state, the driving gear and the driven gear are in a meshing state. When the driving gear shift plate and the driven gear shift plate are in the non-restricted state and the normal closing position is reached, the magnetic yoke and the locking coil are activated, and the driving gear and the driven gear enter a continuous meshing state.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving gear plate has a recess, which forms two limiting points, namely a first limiting point and a second limiting point. The driven gear plate has a protrusion, which cooperates with the recess.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving gear has a first toothless region, and the driven gear has a second toothless region. When the protrusion is between the first limiting point and the second limiting point, the first toothless region and the second toothless region are arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a first elastic member and a second elastic member, which are respectively located at the upper part and the lower part of the mounting frame. One end of the first elastic member and the second elastic member are disposed on the mounting frame, and the other end is disposed on the second positioning plate.

[0012] Furthermore, to facilitate the installation of the first elastic element and the second elastic element, the upper and lower parts of the mounting frame are provided with mounting grooves, and the second positioning plate is also provided with mounting holes for installing the first elastic element and the second elastic element.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting rod includes a pair of first parts and a pair of second parts. One end of the first part is mounted on the square shaft, and the other end of the first part is movably connected to one end of the second part. The other end of the second part is connected to the moving and stationary iron cores connected to the power coil, and the moving and stationary iron cores pass through the second positioning plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetic yoke is fixedly installed on the mounting frame, the locking coil is disposed in the cavity of the magnetic yoke, and the end of the locking coil near the brake plate passes through the magnetic yoke and is connected to the brake plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting plate includes a back plate, a top plate, a bottom plate, a first side plate, and a second side plate, which together form a mounting frame with an opening.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a third fixing plate, which passes through the moving and stationary iron cores and is attached to the power coil. The third fixing plate is used to support the power coil, and both ends of the third fixing plate are fixed to the inner surface of the mounting frame.

[0017] The present invention also provides an automatic transfer switch, including the operating mechanism described above.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Because the operating mechanism of this invention is equipped with a driving gear and a driven gear, the cooperation between the driving gear and the driven gear will make the mechanism stable, have a long service life, precise speed ratio control, and also ensure synchronization. This design avoids problems such as unstable reversal, cumulative error of traditional mechanisms, and low transmission efficiency. In addition, it should be noted that since the main gear, driven gear and their respective auxiliary levers share the same limit and operate simultaneously, the stability is high when the main gear and driven gear are meshing, which can easily complete the switching and reversing actions, and the mechanism does not have the problem of jamming. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the operating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the commonly used closing mechanism of the operating mechanism of this invention; Figure 6 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the standby closing mechanism of the operating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the present invention before the switch is closed. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the present invention before standby closing; Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the correspondence between the driving gear plate and the driven gear plate of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention or simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0024] Furthermore, to better illustrate this application, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well-known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this application.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the present invention provides an operating mechanism, including a mounting frame 22, a gear assembly, a power coil 5, moving and stationary iron cores 8, a magnetic yoke 20, and a locking coil 21. The gear assembly, the power coil 5, the moving and stationary iron cores 8, the magnetic yoke 20, and the locking coil 21 are all located within the mounting frame 22. The movement of the gear assembly drives the power coil 5, and the power coil 5 causes the moving and stationary iron cores 8 to move. The gear assembly includes a driving gear 1, a driving gear shift plate 2, a driven gear 4, and a driven gear shift plate 3. The driving gear 1 and the driving gear shift plate 2 are sequentially mounted on one end of a square shaft 9. A connecting rod is mounted on the other end of the square shaft 9. The end of the square shaft 9 near the connecting rod is fitted onto a first positioning plate 6, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 22. The driven gear 4 is mounted opposite to the driving gear 1, allowing the driving gear and driven gear 4 to be in a meshing state and a non-meshing state. The driven gear 4 is away from the driving gear 1. One end of the driven gear 1 is fixed to the brake plate 18, which is fixed to the mounting frame 22. The driving gear lever 2 and the driven gear lever 3 are in a restricted state and an unrestricted state. When the driving gear lever 2 and the driven gear lever 3 are in the restricted state, the driving gear 1 and the driven gear 4 are engaged. When the driving gear lever 2 and the driven gear lever 3 are in the unrestricted state and the normal closing position is reached, the magnetic yoke 20 and the locking coil 21 are activated, and the driving gear 1 and the driven gear 4 are engaged continuously.

[0026] As can be seen from the above, since the operating mechanism of the present invention is equipped with a driving gear 1 and a driven gear 4, the cooperation between the driving gear 1 and the driven gear 4 will make the mechanism stable, have a long service life, precise speed ratio control, and also have synchronization guarantee. This design avoids problems such as unstable reversal, cumulative error of traditional mechanisms, and low transmission efficiency. Furthermore, it should be noted that since the driving gear 1, driven gear 4, and their respective driving gear levers 2 and driven gear levers 3 share a common limit and operate simultaneously, the driving gear 1 and driven gear 4 have high stability when meshing, and can easily complete the switching and reversing actions, and the mechanism does not have a jamming problem.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the driving gear shift plate 1 is provided with a recess 101, which forms two limiting points, namely a first limiting point 102 and a second limiting point 103. The driven gear shift plate 3 is provided with a protrusion 301, which cooperates with the recess 101. By rotating the square shaft 9, the square shaft 9 drives the driving gear 1 and the driving gear shift plate 2 to rotate simultaneously. When the protrusion 301 of the driven gear shift plate 3 passes the first limiting point 102 or the second limiting point 103, the driving gear 1 and the driven gear 4 are continuously meshed.

[0028] In addition, it is worth mentioning that the driving gear 1 has a first toothless area and the driven gear has a second toothless area. When the protrusion 301 is between the first limiting point and the second limiting point, the first toothless area and the second toothless area are set relative to each other, which makes the mechanism more stable, has a longer service life, more precise speed ratio control, and also has synchronization guarantee. This design avoids problems such as unstable reversal, cumulative error of traditional mechanisms, and low transmission efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be noted that the system also includes a first elastic element 14 and a second elastic element 16. The first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 are tension springs. However, in practical applications, depending on product requirements, the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 can also be composed of other springs, which are not limited here. During assembly, the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 are arranged opposite to each other and are located at the upper part and the lower part of the mounting frame, respectively. One end of the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 are set on the mounting frame, and the other end is set on the second positioning plate 15. The first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 can limit the gear from continuing to mesh during normal closing operations. Since the state of the operating mechanism is determined before closing, the direction and form of gear movement are clear. In addition, due to the advantages of its dynamic ratio transmission, the switch can close quickly and stably, avoiding the problem of poor closing stability of dual-power operating mechanisms.

[0030] Furthermore, to facilitate the installation of the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16, the upper and lower parts of the mounting frame are provided with mounting grooves 23. The second positioning plate 15 is also provided with mounting holes for installing the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16. In this embodiment, hooks are provided at both ends of the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16. One end of the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 is hooked onto the mounting frame, and the other end of the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 is hooked into the mounting holes of the second positioning plate 15. It is also worth mentioning that the middle part of the mounting groove 23 is provided with a first limiting block 231 and a second limiting block 232. The first limiting block 231 and the second limiting block 232 are arranged opposite to each other, and there is a gap between the close ends of the first limiting block 231 and the second limiting block 232. The mounting is secured by the first limiting block 231 and the second limiting block 232. The slot is divided into a first mounting slot and a second mounting slot. The first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 are located in the first mounting slot near the square shaft. The hooks of the first elastic element 14 and the second elastic element 16 near the second positioning plate 15 pass through the gap and connect to the second positioning plate 15. The two ends of the second positioning plate 15 are installed in the second mounting slot by sliding. When the circuit is closed, the second positioning plate slides to the first limit block 231 and the second limit block 232, so that the second positioning plate 15 and the mounting slot 23 have a limiting relationship. Thus, both of them simultaneously restrict the driving gear and the driven gear from continuing to mesh. Since the state of the operating mechanism is determined before the circuit is closed, the direction and form of gear movement are clear. In addition, with the advantage of its dynamic ratio transmission, the switch can be closed quickly and stably, avoiding the problem of poor closing stability of the dual power supply operating mechanism.

[0031] Additionally, it should be noted that the connecting rod includes a pair of first parts 10 and 11 and a pair of second parts 12 and 13. One end of the first part is mounted on the square shaft 9, and the other end of the first part is movably connected to one end of the second part. The other end of the second part is connected to the moving and stationary iron cores 8 connected to the power coil. The moving and stationary iron cores 8 pass through the second positioning plate 15. Through the connecting rod, when the moving and stationary iron cores 8 move to the left, they will drive the connecting rod to move. During the movement, the driving gear and the driving gear shift plate on one side rotate, driving the driven gear and the driven gear shift plate on one side to complete the conversion action.

[0032] Furthermore, the magnetic yoke 20 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame, and the locking coil 21 is fixedly installed in the cavity of the magnetic yoke 20. The end of the locking coil 21 near the brake plate passes through the magnetic yoke 20 and is connected to the brake plate 18. In this embodiment, when the brake is in the normal closing position, the locking coil 21 is activated, which drives the brake plate 18 to lock. The second positioning plate 15 has a limiting relationship with the mounting groove provided in the mounting frame. Both of them simultaneously restrict the gear set from continuing to mesh.

[0033] In addition, in this embodiment, the mounting plate includes a back plate, a top plate, a bottom plate, a first side plate, and a second side plate, and the back plate, top plate, bottom plate, first side plate, and second side plate form a mounting frame with an opening.

[0034] In order to fix the moving and stationary iron cores and the power coil 5 mentioned above in the mounting frame 22 and provide support, this embodiment, for example, also includes a third fixing plate 24. The third fixing plate 24 passes through the moving and stationary iron cores and is attached to the power coil. The third fixing plate 24 is used to support the power coil. The two ends of the third fixing plate are fixed to the inner surface of the mounting frame. Specifically, the two ends of the third fixing plate are provided with bent portions, and the third fixing plate 24 is installed on the mounting frame through the bent portions.

[0035] In addition, it should be noted that the driven gear 4 also includes a driven gear baffle 19, which can effectively prevent the driven gear 4 from falling off.

[0036] When the operating mechanism performs a common closing operation, its state before closing is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the driving gear plate 2 and the driven gear plate 3 will be in the state shown in the diagram. Then, when the operating mechanism performs a normal closing action, firstly, the locking coil 21 is activated, causing the brake plate 18 to disengage. Then, the power coil 5 is driven, causing the moving and stationary iron cores 8 to move to the left. Since the state of the operating mechanism before the closing action is... Figure 8As shown in the diagram, when the moving and stationary iron cores 8 are pushed to the left, they will cause a pair of first parts 10 and 11 and a pair of second parts 12 and 13 to move simultaneously. Simultaneously, this causes the pair of first parts 10 and 11 to move. Since the state before closing the circuit is determined, when the operating mechanism linkage moves, the square shaft 9 will rotate clockwise, causing the drive gear plate 2 and drive gear 1 to move. Combined with the special structure of the drive gear plate 2 and driven gear plate 3, when the special structure has finished functioning, the drive gear 1 and the driven gear 4 are in meshing state. Because the previous operating mechanism state caused 1- The driving gear rotates clockwise, so the driven gear 4 rotates counterclockwise. When the normal closing position is reached, the locking coil 21 actuates, driving the brake plate 18 to lock. The second positioning plate 15 and the special opening on the top plate 17 of the mounting frame also restrict each other, thus preventing the gear set from meshing further. Since the state of the operating mechanism before closing is already determined, the direction and form of gear movement are clear. Combined with the advantages of its dynamic ratio transmission, the switch can close quickly and stably, avoiding the problem of poor closing stability in dual-power operating mechanisms. The state of the operating mechanism after closing is as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown; When performing a standby closing operation, the operating mechanism operates on the same principle as during normal closing. Its state before closing is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the driving gear plate 2 and the driven gear plate 3 will be in the state shown in the diagram. Then, when the operating mechanism performs a normal closing action, firstly, the locking coil 21 is activated, causing the brake plate 18 to disengage. Then, the power coil 5 is driven, causing the moving and stationary iron cores 8 to move to the left. Since the state of the operating mechanism before the closing action is... Figure 8As shown in the diagram, when the moving and stationary iron cores 8 are pushed to the left, they will cause the second parts 12 and 13 to move simultaneously, which in turn causes the first parts 10 and 11 to move. Since the state before closing the circuit is determined, the square shaft 9 will rotate counterclockwise when the operating mechanism linkage moves, causing the driving gear plate 2 and driving gear 1 to move. Combined with the special structure of the driving gear plate 2 and driven gear plate 3, when the special structure has finished working, the driving gear 1 and driven gear are in a meshing state. Because the previous operating mechanism state caused the driving gear 1 to move counterclockwise... As the needle rotates, the driven gear 4, which meshes with it, rotates clockwise. When the commonly used closing position is reached, the locking coil 21 actuates, causing the brake plate 18 to lock. The second positioning plate 15 also has a limiting relationship with the special opening on the top plate 17 of the mounting frame, both simultaneously restricting the gear set from continuing to mesh. Since the state of the operating mechanism before closing is already determined, the direction and form of gear movement are clear. Combined with the advantages of its dynamic ratio transmission, the switch can close quickly and stably, avoiding the problem of poor closing stability in dual-power operating mechanisms. The state of the operating mechanism after closing is as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown; When the operating mechanism performs the opening operation, the basic operating principle is the same as when opening the circuit breaker. The driving method of the power coil 5 is different. The direction of the movement of the moving iron core and the connecting rod is opposite to the direction of the movement when closing the circuit breaker. When the switch is in the opening position, the limiting hole of the brake plate 18 on the right side of the driven gear 4 is exactly in a matching state with the protrusion of the driven gear 4, limiting the gear set to continue meshing.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An operating mechanism, characterized in that, The system includes a mounting frame, a gear assembly, a power coil, moving and stationary iron cores, a magnetic yoke, and a locking coil. The gear assembly, the power coil, the moving and stationary iron cores, the magnetic yoke, and the locking coil are all located within the mounting frame. The movement of the gear assembly drives the power coil, which in turn causes the moving and stationary iron cores to move. The gear assembly includes a driving gear, a driving gear shift plate, a driven gear, and a driven gear shift plate. The driving gear and the driving gear shift plate are sequentially mounted on one end of a square shaft. A connecting rod is mounted on the other end of the square shaft. The end of the square shaft near the connecting rod is mounted on a first positioning plate, which is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame. The driven gear is mounted opposite to the driving gear, allowing the driving gear and driven gear to be in a meshing state and a non-meshing state. The end of the driven gear away from the driving gear is fixed to a brake plate, which is fixed to the mounting frame. The driving gear shift plate and the driven gear shift plate are in a restricted state and a non-restricted state. When the driving gear shift plate and the driven gear shift plate are in the restricted state, the driving gear and the driven gear are in a meshing state. When the driving gear shift plate and the driven gear shift plate are in the non-restricted state and the normal closing position is reached, the magnetic yoke and the locking coil are activated, and the driving gear and the driven gear enter a continuous meshing state.

2. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving gear plate has a recess, which forms two limiting points, namely a first limiting point and a second limiting point. The driven gear plate has a protrusion, which cooperates with the recess.

3. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving gear has a first toothless region, and the driven gear has a second toothless region. When the protrusion is between the first limiting point and the second limiting point, the first toothless region and the second toothless region are arranged opposite to each other.

4. The operating mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element, which are respectively located at the upper part and the lower part of the mounting frame. One end of the first elastic element and the second elastic element are disposed on the mounting frame, and the other end is disposed on the second positioning plate.

5. The operating mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: To facilitate the installation of the first elastic element and the second elastic element, the upper and lower parts of the mounting frame are provided with mounting grooves, and the second positioning plate is also provided with mounting holes for installing the first elastic element and the second elastic element.

6. The operating mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rod includes a pair of first parts and a pair of second parts. One end of the first part is mounted on the square shaft, and the other end of the first part is movably connected to one end of the second part. The other end of the second part is connected to the moving and stationary iron cores connected to the power coil, and the moving and stationary iron cores pass through the second positioning plate.

7. The circuit breaker reclosing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic yoke is fixedly installed on the mounting frame, and the locking coil is set in the cavity of the magnetic yoke. The end of the locking coil near the brake plate passes through the magnetic yoke and is connected to the brake plate.

8. The circuit breaker reclosing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting plate includes a back plate, a top plate, a bottom plate, a first side plate, and a second side plate, which together form a mounting frame with an opening.

9. The circuit breaker reclosing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a third fixing plate, which passes through the moving and stationary iron cores and is attached to the power coil. The third fixing plate is used to support the power coil, and its two ends are fixed to the inner surface of the mounting frame.

10. An automatic transfer switch, characterized in that, Includes the operating mechanism described in any one of claims 1-9 above.

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