Giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel tests, and discloses a giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions. The giant electric heater comprises a final assembly shell, and the final assembly shell comprises a plurality of inner shells which are sequentially arranged in the flowing direction of airflow flowing at a high speed. The upper ends of the electric heating modules are hung on the top of the final assembly shell, and the lower ends of the electric heating modules extend into an inner cavity of the final assembly shell in a suspended mode; a heat preservation module is arranged at the upper part of each electric heating module; a vibration reduction assembly is further arranged in the final assembly shell and used for supporting and vibration reduction of the electric heating module. The giant electric heater adopts a combined structure, and the damping laminar flow partition plate, the bottom damping assembly, the horizontal damping assembly and the inclined damping assembly solve the key technical problems of structural design, internal support, thermal deformation and the like of the giant electric heater, and can meet the technical requirements of the wind tunnel test technical field on the giant electric heater with large size and high power. The engineering practical value is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel test, and particularly relates to a giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electric heater is a device for converting electric energy into heat energy, and is mainly used for temperature rising, temperature keeping or heating of flowing liquid or gaseous medium. The electric heater generates heat through the internal electric heating element after being electrified, and uniformly transfers the heat to the heated medium by using the principle of fluid thermodynamics, so that the temperature of the heated medium is raised to meet the process requirements of users.

[0003] At present, the electric heater is widely applied in different fields, and different application fields have different requirements for the size and power of the giant electric heater. Common electric heaters are generally small or medium-sized electric heaters. However, in some special application fields, such as the field of wind tunnel test technology, small or medium-sized electric heaters often cannot meet the use requirements. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.

[0005] The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions comprises a general assembly shell, a plurality of arrayed electric heating modules with the upper end being hung on the top of the general assembly shell and the lower end being suspended into the inner cavity of the general assembly shell, the arrayed electric heating modules face the high-speed flowing air flow, the arrayed electric heating modules comprise a plurality of rows of electric heating modules arranged along the flow direction of the high-speed flowing air flow, each row of electric heating modules is provided with a plurality of parallel electric heating modules, and the upper part of each electric heating module is provided with a heat preservation module, and a damping assembly is further arranged in the general assembly shell for supporting and damping the electric heating modules.

[0006] Further, the general assembly shell comprises a plurality of inner shells sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the high-speed flowing air flow, the connecting parts between the adjacent two inner shells are detachable, and each inner shell corresponds to a row of electric heating modules.

[0007] Further, the electric heating module comprises a main flange plate, side plates, support plates and electric heating pipes; the main flange plate at the upper end of the electric heating module is connected to the top surface of the corresponding inner shell through a transition flange plate, and the lower end of the electric heating module is suspended; the side plates are located on the left and right sides of the main flange plate; there is a gap between the front and back sides of the main flange plates of the electric heating modules in the same row and the transition flange plates, the gap is closed by an L-shaped flange pressing plate fixed by bolts to press the main flange plate; there is also a gap between the left and right sides of the main flange plates of the electric heating modules in the same row and the transition flange plates, the gap is closed by a lateral baffle fixed by bolts; the flange pressing plate and the lateral baffle can completely cover the gap; the contact surfaces of the inner shell, the main flange plate, the transition flange plate, the flange pressing plate, the lateral baffle and the side plates are provided with high-temperature-resistant rubber sealing pads to realize reliable sealing and improve the overall sealing performance of the giant electric heater; A plurality of horizontal support plates are arranged between the two side plates from top to bottom, a plurality of limiting holes corresponding in up and down are opened on each support plate; the electric heating pipes pass through the corresponding limiting holes in turn from bottom to top, are fixed on the main flange plate, form an array of electric heating pipes, and annular gaps are left between each limiting hole and the electric heating pipe; A plurality of pull rods are arranged along the circumference between the main flange plate and each support plate, the upper end of the pull rod is fixed on the upper surface of the main flange plate through a stable nut matched with an external thread, and the lower end of the pull rod is welded and fixed on the lower surface of the lowermost support plate through a stable nut matched with an external thread.

[0008] Further, the upper part of the electric heating module is provided with a heat preservation assembly; the heat preservation assembly comprises heat preservation wall plates, sintered nets and a heat preservation module; The upper front and back sides of the electric heating module are covered with heat preservation wall plates, and the bottom surfaces of the two heat preservation wall plates are connected to a bottom plate; the main flange plate, the bottom plate, the heat preservation wall plates and the side plates enclose a square closed space, and the square closed space is filled with the heat preservation module; the surface of the heat preservation wall plate is provided with a plurality of air vent grooves arranged in an array, and the inner wall of each air vent groove is covered with a sintered net; when the giant electric heater is in a working state, the air in the heat preservation module expands and is discharged from the air vent grooves, and after the temperature decreases, external air enters the heat preservation module through the air vent grooves; Avoidance holes corresponding to the electric heating pipes and the pull rods are opened on the heat preservation module, a sheath pipe is sleeved on the inner wall of the avoidance hole, annular gaps are left between the sheath pipe and the electric heating pipe and between the sheath pipe and the pull rod; the top end of the sheath pipe is welded to the electric heating pipe, and the top end of the sheath pipe is welded to the pull rod.

[0009] Further, the inner wall of the inner shell corresponding to the heat preservation assembly at the upper part is provided with a heat preservation fixed wall plate; the heat preservation fixed wall plate is provided with a expansion joint, and is also welded with a plurality of countersunk head shape variable nails arranged in an array; the heat preservation module comprises an outer shell and a filling heat preservation cotton in the outer shell, and at least one tapered countersunk head shape variable hole corresponding to the countersunk head shape variable nail is arranged on the outer shell; The entrance of the conical countersunk deformation hole is provided with a conical guide slope, and the inner wall of the conical countersunk deformation hole is provided with a second protruding portion in the circumferential direction; the head of the countersunk deformation nail is welded with a limiting ring, and the limiting ring and the head of the countersunk deformation nail have an annular gap; the circumferential direction of the countersunk deformation nail is provided with a first protruding portion matched with the second protruding portion of the conical countersunk deformation hole, and a deformation groove is formed on the central axis of the countersunk deformation nail; the maximum diameter of the first protruding portion is greater than the minimum diameter of the second protruding portion; The countersunk deformation nail is inserted into the conical countersunk deformation hole based on the elastic deformation of the deformation groove, the first protruding portion is clamped into the second protruding portion, and the limiting ring is clamped into the conical guide slope.

[0010] Further, the damping assembly includes a bottom damping assembly for damping each electric heating tube in the electric heating module, a horizontal damping assembly for damping adjacent two columns of electric heating modules in each row of electric heating modules, and an inclined damping assembly for supporting and damping each electric heating module; The lower end of each electric heating module is provided with a bottom damping assembly; the bottom damping assembly includes a damping laminar baffle, the damping laminar baffle is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to each electric heating tube of the electric heating module, the lower end of each electric heating tube is suspended through the corresponding limiting hole, and an annular gap is left between each limiting hole and the electric heating tube; the damping laminar baffle extends to the front and back sides to form an extension edge, the extension edge extends to the adjacent inner shell and is rolled into a back-to-back-shaped bolt, and the back-to-back-shaped bolt is clamped into the inner bottom wall of the corresponding inner shell; the upper surface of the damping laminar baffle, the upper surface of the back-to-back-shaped bolt, and the inner bottom wall of the inner shell are flush. Between adjacent electric heating modules in the same row of electric heating modules, a plurality of horizontal damping assemblies are arranged from top to bottom; each horizontal damping assembly includes two groups of first damping tubes, first damping rods, side top springs, and center springs arranged in parallel front and back; the two left-right symmetrical first damping rods of each group of horizontal damping assemblies are rotatably connected between the side panels of adjacent two rows of electric heating modules, the end of each first damping rod is connected with a connecting ring, a first damping tube is sleeved between the two first damping rods, a support groove is arranged in the first damping tube, and the two connecting rings are slidingly fitted in the support groove; the side top spring is sleeved on the first damping rod and located between the connecting ring and the inner end wall of the support groove, and the center spring is arranged in the support groove and located between the two connecting rings. A group of inclined damping assemblies are arranged on the lower part and the front and back sides of each electric heating module; the inclined damping assembly includes two groups of second damping tubes, second damping rods, and inclined top springs; one end of each group of second damping rods is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner shell, a second damping tube is sleeved on the other end of the second damping rod and rotatably connected with the side panel of the electric heating module, a second expansion groove is arranged in the second damping tube, a limiting ring is arranged at the groove opening of the second expansion groove, the other end of the second damping rod is connected with an expansion ring, the second damping rod is slidingly fitted in the second expansion groove through the expansion ring, and the inclined top spring is sleeved on the second damping rod and located between the expansion ring and the inner end wall of the second expansion groove.

[0011] Further, the electric heating module is provided with a rectifier between two adjacent side panels; the rectifier comprises a rectifier part and a connecting part; the rectifier part is a V-shaped wedge, and the V-shaped wedge faces the high-speed airflow; the connecting part is a square column formed by extending the V-shaped wedge along the airflow; the two side walls of the square column are bent at 90 degrees to the middle of the two side panels; one side is disconnected near the middle of the two side panels; the bent section is fixed with a pad; the other side is close to the corresponding side panel, and is bent at 90 degrees in the middle of the two side panels, and is extended to form an extension plate in the middle of the two side panels; the extension plate is inserted into the middle of the two side panels; a plurality of groups of mounting bolts are arranged from top to bottom between the pad and the corresponding side panel; each group of mounting bolts comprises two mounting bolts, the two mounting bolts are provided with corresponding connecting holes, and the two mounting bolts are fixed by a vertical anti-escape pin passing through the connecting holes; the upper and lower ends of the anti-escape pin are bent to clamp the corresponding mounting bolts.

[0012] Further, the edges of the side panels on the front and rear sides are bent into C-shaped.

[0013] The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions adopts a combined structure, a damping laminar flow baffle, a bottom damping assembly, a horizontal damping assembly and an inclined damping assembly to solve key technical problems such as structural design, internal support and thermal deformation of the giant electric heater, and can meet the technical requirements of the wind tunnel test technical field for the giant electric heater with large size and large power, and has engineering practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of the giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions according to the embodiment is shown in the figure; Figure 2 A local enlarged view of A in the figure; Figure 1 Figure 3 An exploded view of the position relationship among the side panel, the heat preservation module and the heat preservation wall plate in the embodiment; Figure 4 A sectional view of the position relationship among the support plate, the electric heating pipe and the pull rod in the embodiment; Figure 5 A sectional view of the heat preservation fixed wall plate, the shell and the heat preservation cotton in the embodiment; Figure 6 A local enlarged view of B in the figure; Figure 5 A sectional view of the bottom damping assembly in the embodiment; Figure 7 Figure 8 ​​Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the position relationship between the side panel, the horizontal damping assembly and the inclined damping assembly in the embodiment; Figure 9 Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the position relationship between the second damping tube and the second damping rod in the embodiment; Figure 10 Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the position relationship between the first damping tube and the first damping rod in the embodiment; Figure 11 Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the position relationship between the fairing and the side panel in the embodiment.

[0015] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the electric heating module in the embodiment; 21. outer shell; 210. air vent; 211. conical guide slope; 212. conical countersunk deformation hole; 22. thermal insulation cotton; 23. sintered mesh; 3. damping assembly; 31. bottom damping assembly; 310. damping layer flow baffle; 311. extension edge; 32. horizontal damping assembly; 320. first damping tube; 3201. connecting ring; 321. first damping rod; 322. centering compression spring; 323. side top compression spring; 33. inclined damping assembly; 330. second damping tube; 3301. second telescopic groove; 3302. limiting ring; 331. second damping rod; 332. telescopic ring; 333. inclined top compression spring; 4. inner shell; 5. thermal insulation fixed wall plate; 6. countersunk deformation nail; 61. deformation groove; 7. first protruding part; 8. second protruding part; 9. fairing; 91. mounting bolt; 92. anti-dropping pin; 10. side panel; 100. transition flange plate; 101. flange pressing plate; 102. lateral baffle; 103. limiting ring; 11. main flange plate; 12. support plate; 13. electric heating tube; 14. pull rod; 15. fastening nut; 16. thermal insulation wall plate; 18. thermal insulation module; 19. sheath pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] As Figures 1-11As shown, the giant electric heater of the present invention for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions includes a general assembly shell, a plurality of arrayed electric heating modules 1 suspended at the top of the general assembly shell and extending into the inner cavity of the general assembly shell at the bottom; the arrayed electric heating modules 1 face the high-speed flowing airflow; the arrayed electric heating modules 1 include a plurality of rows of electric heating modules 1 arranged along the flow direction of the high-speed flowing airflow, each row of electric heating modules 1 is provided with a plurality of parallel electric heating modules 1, and each electric heating module 1 is provided with a heat preservation module 18 on its upper part; a vibration damping component 3 is also provided in the general assembly shell for supporting and damping the electric heating modules 1.

[0018] During operation, the arrayed electric heating modules provide a significant amount of heat; simultaneously, the insulation modules insulate the entire assembly housing, reducing heat loss; and the vibration damping components provide vibration resistance and reduction for each electric heating module, minimizing high-frequency vibrations caused by the impact of high-speed fluids, reducing the likelihood of frequent damage, and extending service life. Due to the large size of the assembly housing and the enormous power provided by the arrayed electric heating modules, it can meet the demands of wind tunnel testing technology for large-size, high-power applications.

[0019] Furthermore, the assembly housing includes several inner housings 4 arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the high-speed airflow, the connecting parts between two adjacent inner housings 4 are detachable, and each inner housing 4 corresponds to a row of electric heating modules 1.

[0020] When the final assembly shell is set as an integral structure, the thermal expansion deformation of the integral structure will affect the connection between the final assembly shell and other structures. The large volume and weight of the integral structure will lead to transportation difficulties. By designing the final assembly shell as a separate unit and using multiple inner shells for assembly, the detachable connection between two adjacent inner shells can meet the requirements of small expansion deformation and make transportation more convenient.

[0021] Furthermore, the electric heating module 1 includes a main flange plate 11, a side panel 10, a support plate 12, and an electric heating tube 13; the main flange plate 11 at the upper end of the electric heating module 1 is connected to the top surface of the corresponding inner shell 4 through a transition flange plate 100, and the lower end of the electric heating module 1 is suspended; the side panel 10 is located on the left and right sides of the main flange plate 11; there are gaps between the front and rear sides of the main flange plate 11 of the same row of electric heating modules 1 and the transition flange plate 100, and the main flange plate is pressed by bolts using L-shaped flange pressure plates 101. 11 is used to seal the gaps; there are also gaps between the left and right sides of the main flange plate 11 of the same row of electric heating modules 1 and the transition flange plate 100, and the gaps are sealed by bolting the side baffle 102; the flange pressure plate 101 and the side baffle 102 can completely cover the gaps; high temperature resistant rubber gaskets are provided on each contact surface of the inner shell 4, the main flange plate 11, the transition flange plate 100, the flange pressure plate 101, the side baffle 102 and the side panel 10 to achieve reliable sealing and improve the overall sealing performance of the giant electric heater; Between the two side panels 10, several horizontal support plates 12 are set from top to bottom, and each support plate 12 has several corresponding limiting holes. The heating tubes 13 pass through the corresponding limiting holes from bottom to top and are fixed on the main flange plate 11 to form an array of heating tubes 13. An annular gap is left between each limiting hole and the heating tube 13. Several tie rods 14 are circumferentially inserted between the main flange plate 11 and each support plate 12. The upper end of the tie rod 14 is fixed to the upper surface of the main flange plate 11 by a stabilizing nut that matches the external thread, and the lower end of the tie rod 14 is welded to the lower surface of the lowest support plate 12 by a stabilizing nut that matches the external thread.

[0022] Because the electric heating module is only connected to the inner shell via a transition flange plate at its upper end, leaving the lower end suspended, high-speed airflow passing through the inner shell can cause significant impact on the module, leading to high-frequency vibration. A stable and robust assembly is formed by connecting the main flange plate, side panels, and multiple support plates. This assembly provides strong support for the heating element of the module, while the tensioning effect of the tie rods on each support plate reduces the possibility of thermal deformation, thus providing stable and reliable support for the heating element. Each support plate also serves a heat transfer function; the heat generated by the heating element is transferred to each support plate. The increased contact area between the heat and the high-speed airflow keeps the temperature difference between the heating element surface and the airflow within a minimal range, thereby improving the heating effect on the high-speed airflow.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper part of the electric heating module 1 is provided with a heat insulation component; the heat insulation component includes a heat insulation wall panel 16, a sintered mesh 23 and a heat insulation module 18; The upper front and rear sides of the electric heating module 1 are covered with insulation wall panels 16 respectively, and the bottom surfaces of the two insulation wall panels 16 are connected to the base plate. The main flange plate 11, the base plate, the insulation wall panels 16 and the side panels 10 enclose a square closed space, and the square closed space is filled with insulation module 18. The surface of the insulation wall panel 16 has several ventilation slots 210 arranged in an array, and the inner wall of each ventilation slot 210 is covered with sintered mesh 23. When the giant electric heater is in working condition, the air in the insulation module 18 is heated and expands, and is discharged from the ventilation slots 210. After the temperature drops, the outside air enters the insulation module 18 through the ventilation slots 210. The insulation module 18 has clearance holes corresponding to the heating element 13 and the pull rod 14. The inner wall of the clearance hole is fitted with a sheath tube 19. There is an annular gap between the sheath tube 19 and the heating element 13, and an annular gap between the sheath tube 19 and the pull rod 14. The sheath tube 19 is welded to the top end of the heating element 13, and the sheath tube 19 is welded to the top end of the pull rod 14. By using insulation components, a complete insulation area is formed inside the inner shell, preventing heat loss from the electric heating module and the top surface of the inner shell, thereby improving the overall insulation effect of the giant electric heater.

[0024] Furthermore, the inner wall of the upper part of the inner shell 4, corresponding to the heat insulation component, is provided with a heat insulation fixing wall panel 5; the heat insulation fixing wall panel 5 is provided with an expansion joint, and is also welded with an array of countersunk deformation nails 6; the heat insulation module 18 includes an outer shell 21 and heat insulation cotton 22 filled inside the outer shell 21, and at least one conical countersunk deformation hole 212 corresponding to the countersunk deformation nail 6 is provided on the outer shell 21; The inlet of the conical countersunk deformation hole 212 is provided with a conical guide slope 211, and the inner wall of the conical countersunk deformation hole 212 is provided with a second protrusion 8 along the circumferential direction; the head of the countersunk deformation nail 6 is welded with a limiting ring 103, and there is an annular gap between the limiting ring 103 and the head of the countersunk deformation nail 6; the countersunk deformation nail 6 is provided with a first protrusion 7 in the circumferential direction that matches the second protrusion 8 of the conical countersunk deformation hole 212, and a deformation groove 61 is opened on the central axis of the countersunk deformation nail 6; the maximum diameter of the first protrusion 7 is greater than the minimum diameter of the second protrusion 8; The countersunk deformation nail 6 is inserted into the conical countersunk deformation hole 212 based on the elastic deformation of the deformation groove 61. The first protrusion 7 is engaged with the second protrusion 8, and the limiting ring 103 is engaged with the conical guide slope 211.

[0025] During installation, workers manually align the through hole and the conical countersunk deformation hole, inserting the countersunk deformation pin through the through hole into the conical countersunk deformation hole. When the giant electric heater is operating, the outer shell expands due to heat, causing a positional shift. The countersunk deformation pin then bends under stress. Because the countersunk deformation pin and the conical countersunk deformation hole have an elastic insertion fit, the bending deformation completely releases the internal thermal stress of the outer shell. Moreover, the elastic insertion fit is not easily damaged, exhibiting strong fatigue resistance and ensuring the safety of the giant electric heater. Simultaneously, the limiting ring limits the bending deformation of the countersunk deformation pin, reducing the possibility of excessive bending deformation leading to breakage at the weld point with the insulation wall panel.

[0026] Furthermore, the vibration damping component 3 includes a bottom vibration damping component 31 for damping the vibration of each heating tube 13 in the electric heating module 1, a horizontal vibration damping component 32 for damping the vibration of two adjacent columns of electric heating modules 1 in each row of electric heating modules 1, and an oblique vibration damping component 33 for supporting and damping each electric heating module 1. Each electric heating module 1 is provided with a bottom vibration damping component 31 at its lower end; the bottom vibration damping component 31 includes a vibration damping laminar flow baffle 310, the vibration damping laminar flow baffle 310 is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to each electric heating tube 13 of the electric heating module 1, the lower end of each electric heating tube 13 passes through the corresponding limiting hole and is suspended in the air, and an annular gap is left between each limiting hole and the electric heating tube 13; the vibration damping laminar flow baffle 310 extends to the front and rear sides to form an extension edge 311, the extension edge 311 extends to the adjacent inner shell 4 and is rolled into a U-shaped bolt, the U-shaped bolt is inserted into the inner bottom wall of the corresponding inner shell 4; the upper surface of the vibration damping laminar flow baffle 310, the upper surface of the U-shaped bolt and the inner bottom wall of the inner shell 4 are flush; The vibration damping laminar flow baffle is supported at the lower end of the heating tube, reducing the vibration frequency and amplitude of the heating tube caused by the impact of high-speed airflow. At the same time, the upper surface of the vibration damping laminar flow baffle, the upper surface of the U-shaped bolt, and the inner bottom wall of the inner shell are flush, reducing the possibility of high-speed airflow impacting the bolt and causing turbulence when flowing through the inner shell.

[0027] Between adjacent electric heating modules 1 in the same row, several horizontal vibration damping components 32 are arranged from top to bottom; each horizontal vibration damping component 32 includes two sets of parallel first damping tubes 320, first damping rods 321, side top compression springs 323 and center compression springs 322; the two left-right symmetrical first damping rods 321 of each set of horizontal vibration damping components 32 are rotatably connected between the side panels 10 of the two adjacent rows of electric heating modules 1, and each first damping rod 321 is connected to a connecting ring 3201 at its end. The first damping tube 320 is sleeved between the two first damping rods 321, and a support groove is provided inside the first damping tube 320. The two connecting rings 3201 are slidably fitted in the support groove. The side top compression spring 323 is sleeved on the first damping rod 321 and is located between the connecting ring 3201 and the inner end wall of the support groove. The center compression spring 322 is located in the support groove and is located between the two connecting rings 3201. In wind tunnel testing, high-speed airflow impacts the array of electric heating modules, easily causing severe vibrations in the middle of the modules. A horizontal damping assembly provides grid support along the length of the same row of electric heating modules from top to bottom. A central compression spring forces two first damping rods to simultaneously compress their respective modules. Side compression springs further restrict the first damping rods, applying force to adjacent rows of modules, creating interaction between them. Therefore, the combination of the side compression springs and the central compression spring allows the first damping rods to apply tension and support forces to the side panels of the electric heating modules. This not only meets the elongation compensation requirements of each module due to temperature changes but also flexibly adapts to the mutual compression caused by thermal expansion between adjacent modules, reducing vibration and stress concentration between the modules and improving the overall stability and durability of the giant electric heater.

[0028] A set of inclined damping components 33 is provided at the bottom and on the front and rear sides of each electric heating module 1. The inclined damping components 33 include two sets of second damping tubes 330, second damping rods 331 and inclined top compression springs 333. One end of each set of second damping rods 331 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner shell 4. The second damping tubes 330 are sleeved on the other end of the second damping rods 331 and are rotatably connected to the side panel 10 of the electric heating module 1. A second telescopic groove 3301 is provided in the second damping tube 330. A limiting ring 3302 is provided at the opening of the second telescopic groove 3301. The other end of the second damping rod 331 is connected to the telescopic ring 332. The second damping rod 331 is slidably fitted in the second telescopic groove 3301 through the telescopic ring 332. The inclined top compression spring 333 is sleeved on the second damping rod 331 and is located between the telescopic ring 332 and the inner end wall of the second telescopic groove 3301.

[0029] The inclined damping assembly, through the cooperation of two second damping tubes, restricts the bottom end of the electric heating module. The inclined top compression spring applies pressure to the second damping tubes, and the force of the spring causes both second damping tubes on both sides to simultaneously apply pressure to the electric heating module. Simultaneously, the cooperation of the telescopic ring and the limiting ring reduces the possibility of the second damping rod popping out of the second damping tube, thus reducing the vibration amplitude at the bottom end of the electric heating module. It also disperses the weight of the electric heating module itself and various dynamic loads generated during operation, avoiding structural fatigue and potential damage caused by long-term operation. Furthermore, when subjected to external vibration or impact, the inclined top compression spring absorbs and dissipates vibration energy through compression deformation, reducing the load-bearing pressure on the inner shell and minimizing vibrations caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes and wind.

[0030] Furthermore, the electric heating module 1 has a rectifier 9 between two adjacent side panels 10; the rectifier 9 includes a rectifier section and a connecting section; the rectifier section is a V-shaped wedge, with the V-shaped wedge facing the high-speed airflow; the connecting section is a square column formed by the V-shaped wedge extending backward along the airflow, with both side walls of the square column bent at 90° angles towards the middle of the two side panels 10, one side breaking off near the middle of the two side panels 10, the bent section fixing a pad, and the bent section on the other side close to the corresponding side panel 10, continuing at the middle of the two side panels 10. The plate is bent at a 90° right angle and extends towards the middle of the two side panels 10 to form an extension plate. The extension plate is inserted into the middle of the two side panels 10. The pad and the corresponding side panel 10 are fixed by several sets of mounting bolts 91 arranged from top to bottom. Each set of mounting bolts 91 includes two mounting bolts 91. The two mounting bolts 91 are provided with corresponding connecting holes. The two mounting bolts 91 are fixed by a vertical anti-detachment pin 92 passing through the connecting hole. The upper and lower ends of the anti-detachment pin 92 are bent to lock the corresponding mounting bolts 91.

[0031] When two adjacent electric heating modules start heating simultaneously, the modules expand due to heat, compressing the tiny gap between them. Once the temperature drops, this gap returns to its initial state. The rectifier adapts to changes in temperature between adjacent heating modules, ensuring the uniformity of the high-speed airflow remains unaffected. Furthermore, when there is a temperature difference between adjacent heating modules due to operating conditions or environmental factors, the side without the pad can slide relative to each other, mitigating the displacement difference caused by temperature variations and improving the continuity and uniformity of the high-speed airflow during heating. Simultaneously, the anti-detachment pin reduces the likelihood of mounting bolts loosening due to high-frequency vibration.

[0032] Furthermore, the edges of the front and rear sides of the side panel 10 are bent into a C-shape.

[0033] C-shaped bending helps to improve the overall structural strength of the side panel, provides a stable support point for the top support of the second damping tube and the first damping rod, and reduces the deformation amplitude of the side panel when heated.

[0034] Example: The overall housing of this example includes five inner housings 4 arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the high-speed airflow. The four gaps between the five inner housings 4 correspond to four rows of electric heating modules. Each row of electric heating modules 1 has eight parallel electric heating modules 1, and a total of 32 sets of electric heating modules 1 are arranged. It can be seen that the giant electric heater of this example is huge in size, and the 32 sets of electric heating modules 1 can provide a total power of 80MW, which meets the requirements of wind tunnel testing technology for large size and high power.

[0035] The two adjacent inner shells 4 are detachably connected by a main flange plate 11, a transition flange plate 100 and bolts. Both the main flange plate 11 and the transition flange plate 100 are made of high-strength carbon steel. The connection can withstand the small deformation of the inner shell 4 when heated. A high-temperature resistant rubber gasket is also arranged at the connection to improve the sealing between the two adjacent inner shells 4.

[0036] Due to inevitable dimensional errors during the manufacturing of the inner shell 4, high-temperature resistant rubber gaskets are arranged on the contact surfaces of the transition flange plate 100 and the inner shell 4, the transition flange plate 100 and the main flange plate 11, the flange pressure plate 101 and the main flange plate 11, the flange pressure plate 101 and the side baffle 102, and the end face of the main flange plate 11. These high-temperature resistant rubber gaskets improve the sealing performance of the giant electric heater. Furthermore, the rubber gaskets possess significant dimensional compensation capabilities, high flexibility, and excellent sealing performance. Under the compression of the inner shell 4, the transition flange plate 100, and the main flange plate 11, they also exhibit a certain degree of displacement capability.

[0037] In this embodiment, the base plate, vibration damping component 3, countersunk deformation nail 6, thermal insulation wall panel 16, side panel 10, outer shell 21, and sintered mesh 23 are all made of S30408 ​​metal material; the thermal insulation cotton 22 is zirconium-containing ceramic fiber, which plays a role in thermal insulation of the giant electric heater and reduces the heat loss of the giant electric heater; the sintered mesh 23 has small pores, which can intercept zirconium-containing ceramic fibers and prevent zirconium-containing ceramic fibers from being carried out of the thermal insulation module 18 by the high-speed airflow, thereby improving the purity of the high-speed airflow.

[0038] The pull rod 14 is made of metal S30408 ​​material. In order to prevent the fastening nut 15 from loosening and accidentally falling off, after tightening the fastening nut 15, the fastening nut 15 is then welded to the corresponding bottom support plate 12 or pull rod 14.

[0039] In this embodiment, the number of heating tubes 13 in a single electric heating module 1 is 96, and the outer diameter of each heating tube 13 is 28mm. The length, width and height of a single electric heating module 1 are 1760mm, 500mm and 15340mm respectively.

[0040] The expansion joints provided on the thermal insulation fixed wall panel 5 in this embodiment are used for stress release when heated and expanding.

[0041] In this embodiment, the outer shell 21 expands and deforms under thermal stress. While the outer shell 21 expands and deforms, its position will also shift to a certain extent. The countersunk deformation pin 6 will also bend and deform under stress. After the giant electric heater stops working and cools down slowly, both the outer shell 21 and the countersunk deformation pin 6 will gradually recover their deformation. The countersunk deformation pin 6 will drive the outer shell 21 back to its original position.

[0042] In this embodiment, the tapered guide bevel 211 guides the countersunk screw 6 during insertion into the tapered countersunk hole 212, improving assembly smoothness. The width of the annular gap between the limiting ring 103 and the head of the countersunk screw 6 is 1 mm.

[0043] In this embodiment, the widths of the annular gaps between the limiting hole and the heating element 13, the annular gaps between the sheath tube 19 and the heating element 13, and the annular gaps between the sheath tube 19 and the pull rod 14 are all 2mm.

[0044] In this embodiment, the supporting force of a single oblique vibration damping component 33 on the electric heating module 1 is approximately 200 kN. The supporting force of a single horizontal vibration damping component 32 on the electric heating module 1 is approximately 200 kN.

[0045] The working process of the giant electric heater used for heating pure fluids under high temperature and high pressure conditions in this embodiment is as follows: When in use, the heating tubes 13 of the 32 sets of electric heating modules 1 are powered on. The heating tubes 13 generate a lot of heat. When the high-speed airflow flows through the flow channels of each inner shell 4, the high-speed airflow absorbs heat and achieves temperature rise. The insulation cotton 22 inside the insulation module 18 provides overall insulation for the inner shell 4, reducing heat loss and allowing the temperature rise of the high-speed airflow to approach the surface temperature of the heating element 13. During use, the bottom vibration damping component 31, the horizontal vibration damping component 32, and the inclined vibration damping component 33 work together to achieve vibration resistance and damping for the electric heating module 1, thereby improving the overall stability of the electric heating module 1.

[0046] Meanwhile, a rectifier 9 is arranged between two adjacent electric heating modules 1 to guide and rectify the high-speed airflow, thereby improving the continuity and uniformity of the high-speed airflow heating process.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. For those skilled in the art, all features disclosed in the present invention, or all steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way without departing from the principles of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions, characterized in that, The giant electric heater includes a general assembly shell, an upper end suspended on the top of the general assembly shell and a number of arrayed electric heating modules (1) extending into the inner cavity of the general assembly shell; the arrayed electric heating modules (1) face the high-speed airflow; the arrayed electric heating modules (1) include a number of rows of electric heating modules (1) arranged along the flow direction of the high-speed airflow, each row of electric heating modules (1) is provided with a number of parallel electric heating modules (1), and each electric heating module (1) is provided with a heat preservation module (18) on its upper part; a vibration damping component (3) is also provided in the general assembly shell for supporting and damping the electric heating modules (1).

2. The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly housing includes several inner housings (4) arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the high-speed airflow. The connecting parts between two adjacent inner housings (4) are detachable, and a row of electric heating modules (1) is installed in the gap between two adjacent inner housings (4).

3. The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electric heating module (1) includes a main flange plate (11), a side panel (10), a support plate (12), and an electric heating tube (13). The main flange plate (11) at the upper end of the electric heating module (1) is connected to the top surface of the corresponding inner shell (4) through a transition flange plate (100), and the lower end of the electric heating module (1) is suspended. The side panel (10) is located on the left and right sides of the main flange plate (11). There is a gap between the front and rear sides of the main flange plate (11) of the same row of electric heating modules (1) and the transition flange plate (100). The main flange plate is pressed by bolting an L-shaped flange pressure plate (101). (11) to close the gap; there is also a gap between the left and right sides of the main flange plate (11) of the same row of electric heating modules (1) and the transition flange plate (100). The gap is closed by fixing the side baffle (102) with bolts; the flange pressure plate (101) and the side baffle (102) can completely cover the gap; high temperature resistant rubber gaskets are provided on each contact surface of the inner shell (4), main flange plate (11), transition flange plate (100), flange pressure plate (101), side baffle (102) and side panel (10) to achieve reliable sealing and improve the overall sealing performance of the giant electric heater; Between the two side panels (10), several horizontal support plates (12) are set from top to bottom, and several limiting holes are opened on each support plate (12) corresponding to the top and bottom; the heating tubes (13) pass through the corresponding limiting holes from bottom to top and are fixed on the main flange plate (11) to form an array of heating tubes (13), and an annular gap is left between each limiting hole and the heating tubes (13); Several tie rods (14) are circumferentially connected between the main flange plate (11) and each support plate (12). The upper end of the tie rod (14) is fixed to the upper surface of the main flange plate (11) by a stabilizing nut that matches the external thread, and the lower end of the tie rod (14) is welded to the lower surface of the lowest support plate (12) by a stabilizing nut that matches the external thread.

4. The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper part of the electric heating module (1) is provided with a heat insulation component; the heat insulation component includes a heat insulation wall panel (16), a sintered mesh (23) and a heat insulation module (18). The upper front and rear sides of the electric heating module (1) are covered with insulation wall panels (16), and the bottom surfaces of the two insulation wall panels (16) are connected to the bottom plate; the main flange plate (11), the bottom plate, the insulation wall panels (16) and the side panel (10) enclose a square closed space, and the square closed space is filled with an insulation module (18); the surface of the insulation wall panel (16) has several ventilation slots (210) arranged in an array, and the inner wall of each ventilation slot (210) is covered with a sintered mesh (23); when the giant electric heater is in working condition, the air in the insulation module (18) is heated and expands, and is discharged from the ventilation slot (210). After the temperature drops, the outside air enters the insulation module (18) through the ventilation slot (210). The insulation module (18) has clearance holes corresponding to the heating tube (13) and the pull rod (14). The inner wall of the clearance hole is fitted with a sheath tube (19). There is an annular gap between the sheath tube (19) and the heating tube (13) and between the sheath tube (19) and the pull rod (14). The sheath tube (19) is welded to the top end of the heating tube (13) and the sheath tube (19) is welded to the top end of the pull rod (14).

5. The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner shell (4) is provided with an insulation fixing wall panel (5) on the upper part corresponding to the insulation component; the insulation fixing wall panel (5) is provided with an expansion joint and is also welded with an array of countersunk deformation nails (6); the insulation module (18) includes an outer shell (21) and insulation cotton (22) filled inside the outer shell (21), and at least one conical countersunk deformation hole (212) corresponding to the countersunk deformation nail (6) is provided on the outer shell (21). The inlet of the conical countersunk deformation hole (212) is provided with a conical guide slope (211), and the inner wall of the conical countersunk deformation hole (212) is provided with a second protrusion (8) along the circumferential direction; the head of the countersunk deformation nail (6) is welded with a limiting ring (103), and there is an annular gap between the limiting ring (103) and the head of the countersunk deformation nail (6); the countersunk deformation nail (6) is provided with a first protrusion (7) in the circumferential direction that matches the second protrusion (8) of the conical countersunk deformation hole (212), and a deformation groove (61) is opened on the central axis of the countersunk deformation nail (6); the maximum diameter of the first protrusion (7) is greater than the minimum diameter of the second protrusion (8); The countersunk deformation nail (6) is inserted into the conical countersunk deformation hole (212) based on the elastic deformation of the deformation groove (61), the first protrusion (7) is engaged with the second protrusion (8), and the limiting ring (103) is engaged with the conical guide slope (211).

6. The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vibration damping assembly (3) includes a bottom vibration damping assembly (31) for damping the vibration of each heating tube (13) in the electric heating module (1), a horizontal vibration damping assembly (32) for damping the vibration of two adjacent columns of electric heating modules (1) in each row of electric heating modules (1), and an oblique vibration damping assembly (33) for supporting and damping each electric heating module (1). Each electric heating module (1) is provided with a bottom vibration damping component (31) at its lower end; the bottom vibration damping component (31) includes a vibration damping laminar flow baffle (310), the vibration damping laminar flow baffle (310) is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to each electric heating tube (13) of the electric heating module (1), the lower end of each electric heating tube (13) passes through the corresponding limiting hole and is suspended in the air, and there is an annular gap between each limiting hole and the electric heating tube (13); the vibration damping laminar flow baffle (310) extends to the front and rear sides to form an extension edge (311), the extension edge (311) extends to the adjacent inner shell (4) and is rolled into a U-shaped bolt, the U-shaped bolt is inserted into the inner bottom wall of the corresponding inner shell (4); the upper surface of the vibration damping laminar flow baffle (310), the upper surface of the U-shaped bolt and the inner bottom wall of the inner shell (4) are flush; Between adjacent electric heating modules (1) in the same row of electric heating modules (1), several horizontal damping components (32) are arranged from top to bottom; each horizontal damping component (32) includes two sets of parallel first damping tubes (320), first damping rods (321), side top compression springs (323), and center compression springs (322); the two left-right symmetrical first damping rods (321) of each set of horizontal damping components (32) are rotatably connected between the side panels (10) of the two adjacent rows of electric heating modules (1), and each first damping rod... Each end of the damping rod (321) is connected to a connecting ring (3201). The first damping tube (320) is sleeved between the two first damping rods (321). A support groove is provided inside the first damping tube (320). Both connecting rings (3201) are slidably fitted in the support groove. The side top compression spring (323) is sleeved on the first damping rod (321) and is located between the connecting ring (3201) and the inner end wall of the support groove. The central compression spring (322) is set in the support groove and is located between the two connecting rings (3201). A set of inclined damping components (33) is provided at the bottom and on the front and rear sides of each electric heating module (1); the inclined damping components (33) include two sets of second damping tubes (330), second damping rods (331) and inclined top compression springs (333); one end of each set of second damping rods (331) is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the inner shell (4), and the second damping tube (330) is sleeved on the other end of the second damping rod (331) and rotatably connected to the side panel (10) of the electric heating module (1). A second telescopic groove (3301) is provided inside the second telescopic groove (3301). A limiting ring (3302) is provided at the opening of the second telescopic groove (3301). The other end of the second damping rod (331) is connected to the telescopic ring (332). The second damping rod (331) slides in the second telescopic groove (3301) through the telescopic ring (332). The inclined top compression spring (333) is sleeved on the second damping rod (331) and is located between the telescopic ring (332) and the inner end wall of the second telescopic groove (3301).

7. The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electric heating module (1) has a rectifier (9) between two adjacent side panels (10); the rectifier (9) includes a rectifier part and a connecting part; the rectifier part is a V-shaped wedge, the V-shaped wedge facing the high-speed airflow; the connecting part is a square column formed by the V-shaped wedge extending backward along the airflow, the two side walls of the square column are bent at 90° right angles towards the middle of the two side panels (10), one side is broken near the middle of the two side panels (10), the bent section is fixed with a pad, the bent section of the other side is close to the corresponding side panel (10), and continues to bend 90° at the middle of the two side panels (10). A right angle is formed and an extension plate is formed by extending it to the middle of the two side panels (10). The extension plate is inserted into the middle of the two side panels (10). Between the pad and the corresponding side panel (10), a number of sets of mounting bolts (91) are fixed from top to bottom. Each set of mounting bolts (91) includes two mounting bolts (91). The two mounting bolts (91) are provided with corresponding connecting holes. The two mounting bolts (91) are fixed by a vertical anti-detachment pin (92) that passes through the connecting hole. The upper and lower ends of the anti-detachment pin (92) are bent to clamp the corresponding mounting bolts (91).

8. The giant electric heater for heating pure gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The edges of the front and rear sides of the side panel (10) are bent into a C shape.

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