Crushing and sorting integrated device based on aluminum scrap recovery and aluminum bar regeneration

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste aluminum recovery and regeneration, in particular to a crushing and sorting integrated device based on waste aluminum recovery and regeneration of aluminum bars, the crushing and sorting integrated device comprises a crushing shell and a sorting shell, the crushing shell is bolted to the top of the sorting shell, the crushing shell is communicated with the sorting shell, the top of the crushing shell is fixedly communicated with a feeding buffer bin, and the top of the sorting shell is fixedly communicated with a discharging buffer bin. And feeding buffer plates are hinged to the two sides of the interior of the feeding buffer bin correspondingly, and a waste aluminum recycling treatment structure is arranged in the crushing shell. And the waste aluminum recycling treatment structure comprises two crushing rollers, the crushing rollers are rotationally connected to the top of the interior of the crushing shell through bearing seats, and fine crushing assemblies are arranged at the bottoms of the crushing rollers. The crushing and sorting integrated device for regenerating the aluminum bars based on waste aluminum recovery has the advantages that continuous treatment from coarse crushing to fine crushing is achieved, the crushing efficiency and the material uniformity are improved, and light impurities are separated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste aluminum recycling, in particular to a crushing and sorting integrated device for recycling aluminum rods from waste aluminum. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is known that the process of recycling aluminum rods from waste aluminum materials involves smelting and casting to process the waste aluminum materials into aluminum rods, which can realize the utilization of waste aluminum materials and convert the waste aluminum materials into high-quality aluminum alloy materials.

[0003] In the current field of waste aluminum recycling, the related crushing and sorting devices have significant defects in terms of effect and structure, which greatly limit the efficient development of waste aluminum recycling and the maximization of resource utilization.

[0004] From the perspective of sorting effect, many existing sorting devices have difficulty in completely removing small particle non-metallic materials, light hair materials and other lightweight impurities in waste aluminum during the processing of waste aluminum. These lightweight impurities will have many adverse effects in the subsequent recycling and processing of waste aluminum, such as smelting, which will affect the performance and quality of the final recycled aluminum rod products.

[0005] In addition, some waste aluminum crushing devices use a single crushing method, such as simple tooth roller crushing, which cannot efficiently crush waste aluminum of different shapes, materials and hardness. Moreover, many crushing and sorting devices have poor coordination between components, and the crushing, screening and sorting processes are independent of each other, resulting in low transmission efficiency of materials between different processes, which cannot meet the large-scale and high-efficiency requirements of waste aluminum recycling. SUMMARY

[0006] (I) Technical problems solved

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a crushing and sorting integrated device for recycling aluminum rods from waste aluminum, which has the advantages of continuous processing from coarse crushing to fine crushing, improving crushing efficiency and material uniformity, and separating lightweight impurities.

[0008] (II) Technical solutions

[0009] The above technical purposes of the present application are achieved by the following technical solutions: a crushing and sorting integrated device for recycling aluminum rods from waste aluminum, comprising a crushing shell and a sorting shell, the crushing shell is bolted on the top of the sorting shell, and the crushing shell is in communication with the sorting shell, the top of the crushing shell is fixedly connected with a feeding buffer bin, the two sides of the inside of the feeding buffer bin are hingedly connected with feeding buffer plates, and the inside of the crushing shell is provided with a waste aluminum recycling and processing structure.

[0010] The waste aluminum recycling treatment structure comprises two crushing rollers, the crushing rollers are rotationally connected at the top inside a crushing shell through bearing seats, the bottom of the crushing rollers is provided with a fine crushing assembly, the front side and the rear side of the fine crushing assembly are bolted with the inner wall of the crushing shell, the bottom of the fine crushing assembly is provided with an airflow separation assembly, and the airflow separation assembly is inside a separation shell, the top of both sides of the separation shell is communicated with an impurity channel, and the impurity channel is used in cooperation with the airflow separation assembly.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the waste aluminum recycling treatment structure is arranged, the crushing rollers are designed in a hierarchical manner of coarse crushing and fine crushing assembly fine crushing, the problems of single crushing mode, poor adaptability to complex waste aluminum and insufficient coordination of each link of the traditional device are solved, the crushing rollers preliminarily crush the large waste aluminum, the fine crushing assembly realizes fine crushing through the cooperation of the hammer and the separation plate, the continuous treatment from coarse crushing to fine crushing is realized, the crushing efficiency and material uniformity are improved, and a foundation is laid for subsequent separation; the airflow separation assembly is designed in a structure of guiding, inertial separation and airflow separation, the problem of incomplete separation of light impurities in the traditional separation device is solved, the directional airflow field is formed by the guide plate and the airflow nozzle, the spiral protrusions of the inertial separation cavity enhance the airflow disturbance, the light impurities (such as plastic and wood chips) enter the impurity channel along with the airflow, and the heavy aluminum particles slide along the cavity wall due to inertia, efficient separation is realized, and the influence of the light impurities on the quality of the regenerated aluminum rod is reduced.

[0012] The fine crushing assembly comprises a fine crushing cavity, the fine crushing cavity is at the bottom of the crushing roller, the front side and the rear side of the fine crushing cavity are bolted with the inner wall of the crushing shell, a main shaft is rotationally connected inside the fine crushing cavity, the front end of the main shaft is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the crushing shell through a bearing, a plurality of partition plates are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the main shaft, a connecting shaft penetrates between the plurality of partition plates, the two end faces of the partition plates are bolted with the front side and the rear side partition plates, the connecting shaft is annularly distributed outside the main shaft, a plurality of hammers are rotationally sleeved on the surface of the connecting shaft, a separation plate is welded at the bottom inside the fine crushing cavity, a plurality of separation holes are formed in the separation plate, a disturbance plate is bolted between the bottoms of two adjacent partition plates, and the surface of the disturbance plate is in rotational contact with the inner wall of the fine crushing cavity.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the material crushed coarsely enters the fine crushing cavity, the main shaft drives the partition plate and the connecting shaft to rotate, the hammer plate rotates with the connecting shaft and is thrown out by centrifugal force to contact the material and finely crush the material, in the process, the disturbance plate rotates with the partition plate, the material can be prevented from accumulating at the bottom of the cavity, the condition that the large particle size material blocks the sorting plate is prevented, the material meeting the particle size after crushing passes through the sorting hole to enter the next step through the sorting plate, and the material not meeting the standard continues to be crushed in the cavity, the crushing and screening are realized synchronously through the cooperation of the hammer plate and the sorting plate, the particle size of the material is ensured to be uniform, the subsequent sorting work is facilitated, and the problem that a single crushing mode has poor adaptability to complex waste aluminum is solved.

[0014] The surface of the connecting shaft is provided with a plurality of annular grooves, the hammer plates are arranged between adjacent two partition plates and are arrayed.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the hammer plates are limited in the axial direction through the annular grooves, the crushing intensity is ensured to be uniform, and the crushing range is expanded through the arrayed hammer plates, and the fine crushing efficiency is improved.

[0016] The two material feeding buffer plates are integrally arranged in a V shape, the material feeding buffer plates are bolted with buffer springs on the sides close to the inner walls of the material feeding buffer chambers, and the other ends of the buffer springs are bolted with the inner walls of the material feeding buffer chambers.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the V-shaped material feeding buffer plates cooperate with the buffer springs to slow down the falling speed of the material, reduce the instantaneous load of the crushing roller, avoid damage of the equipment due to excessive impact, control the feeding speed, prevent the crushing cavity from being blocked, and improve the stability of the device.

[0018] The bottom of the crushing roller is provided with a limiting stop plate, the side close to the inner wall of the crushing shell of the limiting stop plate is hinged with the inner wall of the crushing shell, the gap between the limiting stop plate and the crushing roller is 1-2 mm, the bottom of the limiting stop plate is provided with a plurality of support plates, the side close to the inner wall of the crushing shell of the support plates is bolted with the inner wall of the crushing shell, and elastic sheets arranged in a C shape are welded between the support plates and the limiting stop plate.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, when the crushing roller rotates, the limiting stop plate keeps a gap of 1-2 mm with the roller surface to scrape off the aluminum scraps attached to the roller surface, when the large block material passes, the limiting stop plate rotates around the hinge point under pressure, the elastic sheet deforms to buffer, the limiting stop plate is attached to the roller surface after the material passes, the limiting stop plate cleans the crushing roller in real time, and the accumulation of the aluminum scraps is avoided to affect the crushing effect.

[0020] The inner side of the upper end of the fine crushing cavity is bolted with two guide plates, and the top of the guide plate is bolted with the support plate.

[0021] The guide plate can avoid material scattering to the edge of the fine crushing cavity, ensure that all the material enters the crushing area, and improve the crushing efficiency.

[0022] The rear shaft end of the crushing roller and the rear side of the main shaft are both extended to the outside of the crushing shell and rotationally connected thereto, the rear shaft end of the crushing roller is connected with a drive gear through a spline, the two drive gears are engaged with each other, the bottom of the left drive gear is provided with a driven gear, the inside of the driven gear is connected with a driven shaft through a spline, the driven shaft is rotationally connected with the crushing shell through a bearing, the surfaces of the driven shaft and the main shaft are both sleeved with synchronous wheels, and the interiors of the two synchronous wheels are wound with a synchronous belt.

[0023] The drive motor is installed on the crushing shell, and the drive motor is connected with the shaft end of the left crushing roller through a shaft coupling, the two crushing rollers can be driven to rotate in opposite directions through the drive gears, the left drive gear drives the driven gear to rotate at the same time, the transmission ratio between the drive gear and the driven gear is 1:2, the driven gear drives the main shaft to rotate through the driven shaft, the synchronous wheels and the synchronous belt, the crushing roller and the main shaft keep linkage rotation speed, the coarse crushing and fine crushing rhythm are matched, the mechanical synchronization of the crushing roller and the main shaft is realized through the gear and the synchronous belt linkage, and material accumulation caused by unmatched rotation speed is avoided.

[0024] The airflow separation assembly comprises an inertial separation cavity, the inertial separation cavity is bolted in the inside of the separation shell, the top of the inertial separation cavity is provided with two groups of guide plates, the two end faces of the guide plates are both bolted with the inner wall of the separation shell, the bottom of the guide plate is welded with a guide part, the guide plate is arranged in an inclined manner, the inclination angle is 30-45 degrees, and the inclination direction is towards the impurity channel, two baffles are arranged between the two groups of guide plates, the top of the baffle is bolted with the fine crushing cavity, a distribution piece is arranged between the two baffles, and the distribution piece is directly below the separation plate, a spiral protrusion is welded at the bottom end of the inner wall of the inertial separation cavity, the spiral protrusion is arranged in a clockwise direction along the material sliding direction, the pitch is 50-80 mm, and the inside of the bottom of the separation shell is provided with an annular airflow pipe, and the inside of the annular airflow pipe is communicated with a plurality of airflow nozzles.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the material after crushing falls into the distribution piece, and after being dispersed, enters the inertial separation cavity, the annular airflow pipe sprays the oblique airflow through the airflow nozzle, and the spiral protrusion enhances the airflow and the guide plate to form a directional airflow field, the light impurities are along the guide plate into the impurity channel with the airflow, and the heavy aluminum particles slide along the cavity wall under the action of inertia, ensuring that the impurities are completely separated, the guide plate and the airflow nozzle cooperatively form the directional airflow, and the spiral structure of the inertial separation cavity solves the problem that the traditional separation is not thorough for the light impurities.

[0026] The application is further provided that: the distribution piece includes a mesh plate, the mesh plate is movably arranged between the two baffles, a plurality of positioning columns are penetrated through both sides of the interior of the mesh plate, and the mesh plate and the positioning columns are slidingly connected, the top and bottom of the positioning columns are bolted to the inner wall of the baffle, the top and bottom of the surface of the positioning column are sleeved with connecting springs, and the connecting springs are bolted to the baffle inner wall and the mesh plate on one side close to the baffle inner wall and the mesh plate, the bottom of the opposite side of the two baffles is provided with a support plate integrated with the baffle, the top of the support plate is connected with a fixed plate through a rubber pad, the top of the fixed plate is bolted with a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is bolted with the mesh plate, and the top of the fixed plate is bolted with a vibration motor.

[0027] By adopting the technical scheme, the vibration motor drives the fixed plate and the connecting plate to vibrate, the mesh plate slides up and down along the positioning column, and the connecting spring assists in resetting, so that the material falling on the mesh plate is uniformly dispersed and falls into the inertial separation cavity, the material can be dispersed and falls down, the material is distributed loosely through the vibration design, the airflow can fully act on each material, and the uniformity of separation is improved.

[0028] The application is further provided that: the airflow nozzle extends to the interior of the inertial separation cavity on the side away from the annular airflow pipe, and the airflow nozzle is obliquely upwardly arranged, and the airflow direction and the material sliding direction form an included angle of 30°.

[0029] By adopting the technical scheme, the airflow nozzle of the annular airflow pipe sprays the airflow with an included angle of 30° with the material sliding direction to the inertial separation cavity, the airflow pushes the light impurities to move upward, cooperates with the path guided by the guide plate, and makes the impurities smoothly enter the impurity channel, and the 30° oblique airflow can not only avoid blowing away the heavy aluminum particles, but also effectively drive the light impurities, enhance the action efficiency of the airflow and the impurities, and improve the impurity separation effect.

[0030] (Three) beneficial effects

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the application provides a crushing and separation integrated device for recycling aluminum rods from waste aluminum, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The crushing and sorting integrated device for waste aluminum recycling and regenerating aluminum rods solves the problems of single crushing mode, poor adaptability to complex waste aluminum and insufficient coordination of each link of the traditional device by setting a waste aluminum recycling structure, a hierarchical design of coarse crushing and fine crushing components of the crushing roller, realizing preliminary crushing of large waste aluminum by the crushing roller, fine crushing by the hammer and the sorting plate, realizing continuous processing from coarse crushing to fine crushing, improving crushing efficiency and material uniformity, and laying a foundation for subsequent sorting; the airflow sorting component solves the problem of incomplete separation of light impurities in the traditional sorting device by the structural design of guiding, inertial separation and airflow sorting, forms a directional airflow field by the guide plate and the airflow nozzle, combines the spiral protrusions of the inertial separation cavity to enhance airflow disturbance, makes light impurities (such as plastic and wood chips) enter the impurity channel with the airflow, and makes heavy aluminum particles slide along the cavity wall due to inertia, realizes efficient separation, and reduces the influence of light impurities on the quality of regenerated aluminum rods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the overall structure in the application;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a connection schematic view of the crushing shell, the sorting shell and the waste aluminum recycling structure in the application;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a connection schematic view of the crushing roller and the fine crushing component in the application;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the fine crushing component structure in the application;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the rear side structure of the crushing shell in the application;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a connection schematic view of the sorting shell and the airflow sorting component in the application;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a connection schematic view of the baffle and the distribution piece in the application.

[0040] As shown in the figure: 1, broken shell; 2, sorting shell; 3, feed buffer bin; 4, feed buffer plate; 5, waste aluminum recycling structure; 6, broken roller; 7, fine crushing assembly; 71, fine crushing cavity; 72, main shaft; 73, partition plate; 74, connecting shaft; 75, hammer; 76, sorting plate; 77, disturbance plate; 8, airflow sorting assembly; 81, inertia separation cavity; 82, guide plate; 83, guide; 84, baffle; 85, distribution; 851, mesh plate; 852, positioning column; 853, connecting spring; 854, support plate; 855, fixed plate; 856, connecting plate; 86, spiral protrusion; 87, annular airflow pipe; 88, airflow nozzle; 9, impurity channel; 10, buffer spring; 11, limit stop plate; 12, support plate; 13, elastic sheet; 14, guide plate; 15, drive gear; 16, driven gear; 17, driven shaft; 18, synchronization wheel; 19, synchronous belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-5 A broken and sorted integrated device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum, comprising a broken shell 1 and a sorting shell 2, the broken shell 1 is bolted on the top of the sorting shell 2, and the broken shell 1 and the sorting shell 2 are communicated, the top of the broken shell 1 is fixedly communicated with a feed buffer bin 3, both sides of the inside of the feed buffer bin 3 are hingedly connected with feed buffer plates 4, and the inside of the broken shell 1 is provided with a waste aluminum recycling structure 5.

[0044] The waste aluminum recycling treatment structure 5 comprises two crushing rollers 6 which are rotatably connected to the top inside the crushing shell 1 through bearing seats, the bottom of the crushing roller 6 is provided with a fine crushing assembly 7, and the front side and the rear side of the fine crushing assembly 7 are bolted with the inner wall of the crushing shell 1, the bottom of the fine crushing assembly 7 is provided with an air flow sorting assembly 8 which is inside the sorting shell 2, the top of both sides of the sorting shell 2 is communicated with an impurity channel 9 which is used in cooperation with the air flow sorting assembly 8, through the waste aluminum recycling treatment structure, the hierarchical design of the coarse crushing of the crushing roller 6 and the fine crushing assembly 7, the problem of single crushing mode of the traditional device, poor adaptability to complex waste aluminum and insufficient coordination of each link is solved, the crushing roller 6 preliminarily crushes the large waste aluminum, the fine crushing assembly 7 realizes fine crushing, realizes continuous treatment from coarse crushing to fine crushing, improves the crushing efficiency and material uniformity, and lays a foundation for subsequent sorting; the air flow sorting assembly 8 solves the problem of incomplete separation of light impurities in the traditional sorting device through the structural design of guiding, inertial separation and air flow sorting, through the directional air flow field formed by the guide plate 82 and the air flow nozzle 87, combined with the spiral protrusions 86 of the inertial separation cavity 81 to enhance the air flow disturbance, the light impurities (such as plastic and wood chips) enter the impurity channel 9 with the air flow, while the heavy aluminum particles slide along the cavity wall due to inertia, realizing efficient separation, thereby reducing the influence of light impurities on the quality of the regenerated aluminum rod.

[0045] The fine crushing assembly 7 comprises a fine crushing cavity 71 located at the bottom of the crushing roller 6, and the front side and the rear side of the fine crushing cavity 71 are bolted with the inner wall of the crushing shell 1, the inside of the fine crushing cavity 71 is rotationally connected with a main shaft 72, the front end of the main shaft 72 is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the crushing shell 1 through a bearing, a plurality of partition plates 73 are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the main shaft 72, a connecting shaft 74 penetrates between the plurality of partition plates 73, the two end faces of the partition plate 73 are bolted with the front side and the rear side partition plate 73, the connecting shaft 74 is annularly distributed on the outside of the main shaft 72, a plurality of hammer pieces 75 are rotationally sleeved on the surface of the connecting shaft 74, a sorting plate 76 is welded at the bottom of the inside of the fine crushing cavity 71, a plurality of sorting holes are formed in the inside of the sorting plate 76, a disturbing plate 77 is bolted between the bottoms of the two adjacent partition plates 73, and the surface of the disturbing plate 77 is in rotational contact with the inner wall of the fine crushing cavity 71. By arranging the fine crushing assembly 7, the coarsely crushed material enters the fine crushing cavity 71, the main shaft 72 drives the partition plate 73 and the connecting shaft 74 to rotate, the hammer piece 75 rotates with the connecting shaft 74, and the hammer piece 75 is thrown out by centrifugal force to contact and finely crush the material. In this process, the disturbing plate 77 rotates with the partition plate 73, which can prevent the material from accumulating at the bottom of the cavity, prevent the large particle size material from blocking the sorting plate 76, and make the crushed material meeting the particle size pass through the sorting hole to the next step, while the non-compliant material continues to be crushed in the cavity. The hammer piece 75 and the sorting plate 76 cooperate to realize synchronous crushing and screening, ensure uniform particle size of the material, facilitate subsequent sorting work, and solve the problem of poor adaptability of single crushing mode to complex waste aluminum.

[0046] The surface of the connecting shaft 74 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves, the hammer piece 75 is located between the two adjacent partition plates 73 and is arranged in an array, the annular groove limits the axial movement of the hammer piece 75, and the arrayed hammer pieces 75 expand the crushing range and improve the fine crushing efficiency.

[0047] The two inlet buffer plates 4 are integrally arranged in a V shape, the inlet buffer plate 4 is bolted with a buffer spring 10 on the side close to the inner wall of the inlet buffer bin 3, the other end of the buffer spring 10 is bolted with the inner wall of the inlet buffer bin 3, the V-shaped inlet buffer plate 4 cooperates with the buffer spring 10 to slow down the falling speed of the material, reduce the instantaneous load of the crushing roller 6, avoid damage to the equipment due to excessive impact, control the feeding speed, prevent the crushing cavity from being blocked, and improve the stability of the device.

[0048] The bottom of the crushing roller 6 is provided with a limiting stop plate 11, and the side close to the inner wall of the crushing shell 1 is hinged to the inner wall; the gap between the limiting stop plate 11 and the crushing roller 6 is 1-2 mm; the bottom of the limiting stop plate 11 is provided with a plurality of supporting plates 12, and the side close to the inner wall of the crushing shell 1 is bolted to the inner wall; the elastic sheets 13 in C shape are welded between the limiting stop plate 11 and the supporting plate 12. By arranging the limiting stop plate 11, when the crushing roller 6 rotates, the limiting stop plate 11 keeps a gap of 1-2 mm with the roller surface to scrape off the aluminum scraps attached to the roller surface; when the large block material passes, the limiting stop plate 11 rotates around the hinge point under pressure, the elastic sheet 13 deforms and buffers, and after the material passes, the elastic sheet 13 resets to make the limiting stop plate 11 adhere to the roller surface. The limiting stop plate 11 can clean the crushing roller 6 in real time, and avoid the accumulation of aluminum scraps affecting the crushing effect.

[0049] The inner side of the upper end of the fine crushing cavity 71 is bolted with two guide plates 14, and the top of the guide plate 14 is bolted with the supporting plate 12. The guide plate 14 can prevent the material from scattering to the edge of the fine crushing cavity 71, ensure that all the materials enter the crushing area, and improve the crushing efficiency.

[0050] The rear side shaft end of the crushing roller 6 and the rear side of the main shaft 72 extend to the outside of the crushing shell 1 and are rotationally connected thereto; the rear side shaft end of the crushing roller 6 is connected with a driving gear 15 through a spline; the two driving gears 15 are engaged with each other; the bottom of the left driving gear 15 is provided with a driven gear 16; the inside of the driven gear 16 is connected with a driven shaft 17 through a spline; the driven shaft 17 is rotationally connected with the crushing shell 1 through a bearing; the surfaces of the driven shaft 17 and the main shaft 72 are sleeved with synchronous wheels 18; and the inside of the two synchronous wheels 18 is wound with a synchronous belt 19. By installing a driving motor on the crushing shell 1, and connecting the driving motor with the shaft end of the left crushing roller 6 through a shaft coupling, the two crushing rollers 6 can be driven to rotate in opposite directions through the driving gear 15, while the left driving gear 15 rotates to drive the driven gear 16 to rotate, and the transmission ratio between the driving gear 15 and the driven gear 16 is 1:2, and the driven gear 16 drives the main shaft 72 to rotate through the driven shaft 17, the synchronous wheel 18 and the synchronous belt 19, so that the crushing roller 6 and the main shaft 72 keep linkage speed, ensure that the coarse crushing and fine crushing rhythm match, realize the mechanical synchronization of the crushing roller 6 and the main shaft 72 through the gear and the synchronous belt 19 linkage, and avoid the material accumulation caused by the mismatch of the rotating speed.

[0051] The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the waste aluminum material is fed from the feeding buffer bin 3, first contacts the V-shaped feeding buffer plate 4, the impact force of the material makes the feeding buffer plate 4 rotate to both sides around the hinge point, compresses the buffer spring 10, the reaction force of the spring slows down the falling speed of the material, avoids the direct impact of the large waste aluminum on the lower crushing roller 6, controls the feeding amount at the same time, and prevents the crushing cavity from being blocked due to too much feeding; the buffered material falls between the two crushing rollers 6, the driving motor drives the left crushing roller 6 to rotate through the shaft coupling, the driving gear 15 at the shaft end of the crushing roller 6 meshes with the driving gear 15 of the right crushing roller 6, so that the two rollers rotate in opposite directions, the teeth (the tooth height is 15-20 mm, and the tooth pitch is 25-30 mm) on the surface of the crushing roller 6 bite the waste aluminum, and the large material is crushed into smaller particles. In this process, the limiting stop plate 11 at the bottom of the crushing roller 6 keeps a gap of 1-2 mm with the roller surface, and the aluminum scraps attached to the roller surface are scraped off along with the rotation of the roller surface; if super large material is encountered, the limiting stop plate 11 rotates around the hinge point under pressure, the C-shaped elastic sheet 13 deforms and buffers, and the elastic sheet 13 returns to the original position after the material passes through, so that the stop plate always adheres to the roller surface, and the accumulation of aluminum scraps is avoided to affect the crushing effect; the coarsely crushed material is guided by the guide plate 14 and concentrated into the fine crushing cavity 71, the left driving gear 15 drives the driven gear 16 to rotate at the same time (the transmission ratio is 1:2), the driven shaft 17 drives the main shaft 72 to rotate through the synchronous wheel 18 and the synchronous belt 19, so that the main shaft 72 and the crushing roller 6 keep a linkage rotating speed, the main shaft 72 drives the surface of the partition plate 73 to rotate, the connecting shaft 74 between the partition plates 73 rotates along with the main shaft 72, the hammer 75 on the shaft is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, and the material is finely crushed again, at the same time, the disturbance plate 77 at the bottom of the adjacent partition plate 73 rotates along with the main shaft 72, and scrapes the bottom of the fine crushing cavity 71 to prevent the accumulation of the material; the crushed material, which meets the particle size requirement, falls through the sorting hole (the hole diameter is 8-12 mm) of the sorting plate 76 to the airflow sorting assembly 8, so that the material with a fine particle size (≤12 mm) can pass through smoothly, and the material that does not meet the requirement is continuously crushed by the hammer 75 in the cavity until it passes through the sorting hole.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Reference Figure 6 and 7The crushing and sorting integrated device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum further comprises an air flow sorting assembly 8, wherein the air flow sorting assembly 8 comprises an inertial separation cavity 81 which is bolted in the interior of the sorting shell 2, the top of the inertial separation cavity 81 is provided with two groups of guide plates 82, the two end faces of the guide plates 82 are bolted with the inner wall of the sorting shell 2, and the bottom of the guide plates 82 is welded with a guide part 83, the guide plates 82 are arranged in an inclined manner, the inclination angle is 30-45°, and the inclination direction is towards the impurity channel 9, two baffles 84 are arranged between the two groups of guide plates 82, the top of the baffles 84 is bolted with the fine crushing cavity 71, a distribution piece 85 is arranged between the two baffles 84, and the distribution piece 85 is directly below the sorting plate 76, a spiral protrusion 86 is welded at the bottom end of the inner wall of the inertial separation cavity 81, and the spiral protrusion 86 is arranged in a clockwise direction along the material sliding direction, the pitch is 50-80mm, and the bottom of the interior of the sorting shell 2 is provided with an annular air flow pipe 87, and the inner side of the annular air flow pipe 87 is communicated with a plurality of air flow nozzles 88, by arranging the air flow sorting assembly 8, the crushed material falls into the distribution piece 85, is dispersed and then enters the inertial separation cavity 81, the annular air flow pipe 87 sprays oblique air flow through the air flow nozzles 88, and the spiral protrusion 86 enhances the air flow and the guide plates 82 to form a directional air flow field, the light impurities enter the impurity channel 9 along the guide plates 82 with the air flow, and the heavy aluminum particles slide along the cavity wall under the action of inertia, so that the impurity separation is complete, the directional air flow is formed by the guide plates 82 and the air flow nozzles 88, and the spiral structure of the inertial separation cavity 81 solves the problem that the traditional sorting is not complete for the light impurities.

[0054] The distribution piece 85 comprises a mesh plate 851 which is movably arranged between the two baffles 84, a plurality of positioning columns 852 are penetrated through the two sides of the interior of the mesh plate 851, and the mesh plate 851 is slidably connected with the positioning columns 852, the top and bottom of the positioning columns 852 are bolted with the inner wall of the baffle 84, the top and bottom of the surface of the positioning columns 852 are sleeved with connecting springs 853, one side of the connecting springs 853 close to the inner wall of the baffle 84 and the mesh plate 851 is bolted with the baffle 84 and the mesh plate 851 respectively, the bottom of the opposite side of the two baffles 84 is provided with a support plate 854 which is integrated with the baffle 84, the top of the support plate 854 is connected with a fixed plate 855 through a rubber pad, the top of the fixed plate 855 is bolted with a connecting plate 856, the connecting plate 856 is bolted with the mesh plate 851, the top of the fixed plate 855 is bolted with a vibration motor, by arranging the distribution piece 85, the vibration motor drives the fixed plate 855 and the connecting plate 856 to vibrate, the mesh plate 851 slides up and down along the positioning columns 852, the connecting springs 853 assist in resetting, the material falling on the mesh plate 851 is uniformly dispersed and falls into the inertial separation cavity 81, the material can be dispersed and falls down, the material is distributed loosely through the vibration design, the air flow can fully act on each material, and the uniformity of sorting is improved.

[0055] The airflow nozzle 88 extends to the inside of the inertial separation cavity 81 away from one side of the annular airflow pipe 87, and is arranged obliquely upward, and the airflow direction forms a 30° angle with the material downward sliding direction. The airflow nozzle 88 of the annular airflow pipe 87 sprays the airflow forming a 30° angle with the material downward sliding direction to the inertial separation cavity 81, the airflow pushes the light impurities to move upward, cooperates with the path guided by the guide plate 82, and makes the impurities smoothly enter the impurity channel 9. The 30° limiting stop plate 11 avoids blowing away the heavy aluminum particles and effectively drives the light impurities, enhances the action efficiency of the airflow and the impurities, and improves the impurity separation effect.

[0056] The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the material falling from the sorting plate 76 first falls on the mesh plate 851 of the distribution piece 85. The vibration motor is started to drive the fixed plate 855 and the connecting plate 856 to vibrate. The mesh plate 851 slides up and down along the positioning column 852. The connecting spring 853 is reset to make the material on the mesh plate 851 uniformly loose and avoid caking. The dispersed material falls between the two baffles 84 through the mesh plate 851, is guided by the baffle 84 to the central area of the inertial separation cavity 81, the annular airflow pipe 87 is connected to the air source, the airflow is sprayed through a plurality of obliquely upward arranged airflow nozzles 88, and the airflow direction forms a 30° angle with the material downward sliding direction. At the same time, the two groups of guide plates 82 at the top of the inertial separation cavity 81 are inclined (toward the impurity channel 9), and form a directional airflow field with the airflow sprayed by the airflow nozzle 88. The light impurities (such as plastic and wood chips) move upward under the action of the airflow, enter the two impurity channels 9 along the guide part 83 of the guide plate 82, and are finally discharged. The heavy aluminum particles overcome the airflow resistance due to inertia, slide along the inner wall of the inertial separation cavity 81, the spiral protrusions 86 on the cavity wall enhance the airflow disturbance, ensure that the fine impurities attached to the surface of the aluminum particles are carried away by the airflow, and further improve the sorting purity. The aluminum particles after sorting fall into the bottom of the inertial separation cavity 81, complete the sorting process, and can enter the subsequent processing link of the recycled aluminum rod.

[0057] The specific embodiment is only an explanation of the application, and is not a limitation of the application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiment without creative contribution according to the needs after reading the specification. Although the embodiments of the application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crushing and sorting integrated device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum, comprising a crushing shell (1) and a sorting shell (2), characterized in that: The crushing shell (1) is bolted on the top of the sorting shell (2), and the crushing shell (1) is communicated with the sorting shell (2), the top of the crushing shell (1) is fixedly communicated with the feeding buffer bin (3), both sides of the inside of the feeding buffer bin (3) are hingedly connected with feeding buffer plates (4), and the inside of the crushing shell (1) is provided with a waste aluminum recycling structure (5). The waste aluminum recycling structure (5) comprises two crushing rollers (6), the crushing rollers (6) are rotatably connected to the top of the inside of the crushing shell (1) through bearing seats, the bottom of the crushing roller (6) is provided with a fine crushing assembly (7), the front side and the rear side of the fine crushing assembly (7) are bolted with the inner wall of the crushing shell (1), the bottom of the fine crushing assembly (7) is provided with an airflow sorting assembly (8), and the airflow sorting assembly (8) is located in the inside of the sorting shell (2), the top of both sides of the sorting shell (2) is communicated with an impurity channel (9), and the impurity channel (9) is used in cooperation with the airflow sorting assembly (8).

2. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine crushing assembly (7) comprises a fine crushing cavity (71), the fine crushing cavity (71) is located at the bottom of the crushing roller (6), and the front side and the rear side of the fine crushing cavity (71) are bolted with the inner wall of the crushing shell (1), the inside of the fine crushing cavity (71) is rotatably connected with a main shaft (72), the front end of the main shaft (72) is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the crushing shell (1) through a bearing, a plurality of partition plates (73) are fixedly sleeved on the surface of the main shaft (72), a connecting shaft (74) penetrates between the plurality of partition plates (73), and the two end faces of the partition plate (73) are bolted with the front side and the rear side partition plate (73), the connecting shaft (74) is annularly distributed on the outside of the main shaft (72), a plurality of hammer pieces (75) are rotatably sleeved on the surface of the connecting shaft (74), a sorting plate (76) is welded on the bottom of the inside of the fine crushing cavity (71), a plurality of sorting holes are formed in the inside of the sorting plate (76), a disturbance plate (77) is bolted between the bottoms of adjacent two partition plates (73), and the surface of the disturbance plate (77) is rotatably in contact with the inner wall of the fine crushing cavity (71).

3. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of annular grooves are formed in the surface of the connecting shaft (74), the hammer piece (75) is located between adjacent two partition plates (73) and is arrayed.

4. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two feeding buffer plates (4) are integrally arranged in a V shape, and the side of the feeding buffer plate (4) close to the inner wall of the feeding buffer bin (3) is bolted with a buffer spring (10), and the other end of the buffer spring (10) is bolted with the inner wall of the feeding buffer bin (3).

5. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the crushing roller (6) is provided with a limiting stop plate (11), and the side of the limiting stop plate (11) close to the inner wall of the crushing shell (1) is hingedly connected with the same, the gap between the limiting stop plate (11) and the crushing roller (6) is 1-2mm, the bottom of the limiting stop plate (11) is provided with a plurality of supporting plates (12), and the side of the supporting plate (12) close to the inner wall of the crushing shell (1) is bolted with the same, and the supporting plate (12) and the limiting stop plate (11) are welded with an elastic sheet (13) arranged in a C shape.

6. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the upper end of the fine crushing cavity (71) is bolted with two guide plates (14), and the top of the guide plate (14) is bolted with the support plate (12).

7. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear side shaft end of the crushing roller (6) and the rear side of the main shaft (72) are extended to the outside of the crushing shell (1) and are rotationally connected therewith, the rear side shaft end of the crushing roller (6) is connected with a drive gear (15) through a spline, the two drive gears (15) are engaged with each other, the bottom of the left drive gear (15) is provided with a driven gear (16), the inside of the driven gear (16) is connected with a driven shaft (17) through a spline, the driven shaft (17) is rotationally connected with the crushing shell (1) through a bearing, the surfaces of the driven shaft (17) and the main shaft (72) are sleeved with synchronous wheels (18), and the insides of the two synchronous wheels (18) are wound with a synchronous belt (19).

8. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The airflow sorting assembly (8) comprises an inertial separation cavity (81), which is bolted in the inside of the sorting shell (2), the top of the inertial separation cavity (81) is provided with two groups of guide plates (82), the two end faces of the guide plate (82) are bolted with the inner wall of the sorting shell (2), and the bottom of the guide plate (82) is welded with a guide part (83), the guide plate (82) is arranged in an inclined manner, the inclination angle is 30°-45°, and the inclination direction is towards the impurity channel (9), two baffle plates (84) are arranged between the two groups of guide plates (82), the top of the baffle plate (84) is bolted with the fine crushing cavity (71), a distribution piece (85) is arranged between the two baffle plates (84), and the distribution piece (85) is directly below the sorting plate (76), the bottom end of the inner wall of the inertial separation cavity (81) is welded with a spiral protrusion (86), the spiral protrusion (86) is arranged clockwise along the direction of material sliding downward, the pitch is 50-80mm, and the bottom of the inside of the sorting shell (2) is provided with an annular airflow pipe (87), and the inside of the annular airflow pipe (87) is communicated with a plurality of airflow nozzles (88).

9. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distribution piece (85) comprises a mesh plate (851), which is movably arranged between the two baffle plates (84), a plurality of positioning columns (852) are penetratingly arranged on the two sides of the inside of the mesh plate (851), and the mesh plate (851) is slidably connected with the positioning column (852), the top and the bottom of the positioning column (852) are bolted with the inner wall of the baffle plate (84), the top and the bottom of the surface of the positioning column (852) are sleeved with a connecting spring (853), and the connecting spring (853) is bolted with the baffle plate (84) and the mesh plate (851) on the side close to the inner wall of the baffle plate (84) and the mesh plate (851), respectively, the bottom of the opposite side of the two baffle plates (84) is provided with a support plate (854) integrated therewith, the top of the support plate (854) is connected with a fixed plate (855) through a rubber pad, the top of the fixed plate (855) is bolted with a connecting plate (856), the connecting plate (856) is bolted with the mesh plate (851), and the top of the fixed plate (855) is bolted with a vibration motor.

10. The integrated crushing and sorting device for recycling aluminum rods based on waste aluminum according to claim 8, characterized in that: The airflow nozzle (88) extends to the inside of the inertial separation chamber (81) away from one side of the annular airflow pipe (87), and the airflow nozzle (88) is arranged obliquely upward, and the airflow direction forms a 30° angle with the material downward sliding direction.

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