Copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment and production method

Abstract

The invention discloses copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment and a production method.The production equipment comprises a raw material unwinding device, a pretreatment device, a cladding welding device and a winding device, the raw material unwinding device supplies an aluminum rod and a copper strip to be machined, and the pretreatment device comprises a pretreatment workbench; a drawing assembly, a straightening assembly and a first grinding assembly are sequentially arranged on the table top of the pretreatment workbench, a second grinding assembly and a preheating assembly are sequentially arranged in the pretreatment workbench, and an aluminum rod enters the cladding welding device after being pretreated through the drawing assembly, the straightening assembly and the first grinding assembly in sequence. The copper strip is sequentially pretreated through the second grinding assembly and the preheating assembly and then enters the cladding welding device, and the formed copper-clad aluminum wire blank is wound and guided to the winding device. By drawing, straightening and polishing the aluminum rod and polishing and preheating the copper strip, the interface bonding force of the copper-clad aluminum wire can be effectively improved, and the problem that layering and separation are prone to occurring during subsequent machining is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal wire processing, in particular to a copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment and production method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the scarcity of copper resources and the high price of copper, the cable and wire industry is actively seeking new conductor materials to replace pure copper wire. Copper-clad aluminum wire has the advantages of good conductivity, high strength, good toughness of copper, and small density, easy processing, and low production cost of aluminum, and thus becomes the best choice to replace pure copper wire. Copper-clad aluminum wire is a bimetallic wire made by concentrically coating a copper strip on the outer surface of an aluminum core wire and then drawing it through multiple passes to form a metallurgical bond between the metal interfaces. Therefore, only high-quality copper-clad aluminum wire blanks can be further processed into high-quality finished copper-clad aluminum wire. However, the copper-clad aluminum wire blanks produced by the existing technology are prone to delamination or "peeling" during subsequent processing, resulting in a decrease in electrical conductivity and mechanical properties.

[0003] The production process of the hard-state copper-clad aluminum wire with a wire diameter of 0.9 mm or more disclosed in Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN105097133A includes the following steps in sequence: aluminum rod pretreatment, cladding welding, continuous drawing, water tank drawing, polishing and flaw detection, oxidation prevention and drying, and winding and packaging. Although this patent can polish the surface of the copper strip in the forward direction when the copper strip is brushed, making the copper strip surface uniform and dotted, which is beneficial to increasing the contact area between the copper layer and the aluminum, and facilitating the interdiffusion between the two metals during subsequent drawing, thereby improving the bonding force, the improvement is limited, and delamination still occurs during subsequent processing. Chinese Patent No. CN112652421B discloses a copper-clad aluminum wire cladding welding equipment, which includes, in sequence, an aluminum rod straightening device, a steel wire polishing wheel, a guide slot, a copper strip cladding device, a sizing die, an argon arc welding device, a sizing die, an argon cooling device, and a wire blank winding device. This patent solves the problem of rebounding at the joint of the copper strip by adding a sizing die, and solves the problem of delayed heat dissipation of the copper-clad aluminum wire after welding by adding an argon cooling device, but cannot solve the delamination problem of the copper-clad aluminum wire. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects in the background art and provide a copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment and production method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment provided by the application comprises a raw material unwinding device, a pretreatment device, a cladding and welding device and a winding device, the raw material unwinding device supplies aluminum rods and copper strips to be processed, the aluminum rods enter the pretreatment device via first and second guide rollers, the copper strips enter the pretreatment device via a guide rod, a third guide roller and a first tension roller, the aluminum rods and the copper strips are simultaneously subjected to cladding and welding in the cladding and welding device after being processed by the pretreatment device, the copper-clad aluminum wire blanks after being formed are wound on the winding device, the pretreatment device comprises a pretreatment workbench in a box structure, a drawing assembly, a straightening assembly and a first polishing assembly are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the pretreatment workbench, a second polishing assembly and a preheating assembly are sequentially arranged in the interior of the pretreatment workbench, the aluminum rods enter the cladding and welding device after being pretreated by the drawing assembly, the straightening assembly and the first polishing assembly in sequence, and the copper strips enter the cladding and welding device after being pretreated by the second polishing assembly and the preheating assembly in sequence.

[0006] In a specific scheme, the drawing assembly comprises a drawing die and a drawing roller, the aluminum rods enter the drawing die and the drawing roller in sequence after coming out of the second guide roller, are drawn under the traction of the drawing roller, and enter the straightening assembly for straightening after being drawn.

[0007] In a preferred scheme, the straightening assembly comprises a plurality of groups of straightening rollers and a first closed cover, the straightening rollers are arranged in the first closed cover, and a rubber scraping ring is arranged in front of the straightening rollers.

[0008] In a preferred scheme, the rear of the first polishing assembly and the second polishing assembly is respectively provided with a cleaning brush.

[0009] In a preferred scheme, the cladding and welding device comprises a cladding and welding workbench in a box structure, an aluminum rod stamping assembly, a continuous longitudinal cladding assembly, a welding assembly and a shaping assembly are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the cladding and welding workbench, a copper strip stamping assembly and an alignment adjusting assembly are arranged in the interior of the cladding and welding workbench, the copper strip enters the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly together with the aluminum rod after passing through the copper strip stamping assembly and the alignment adjusting assembly and the aluminum rod after passing through the aluminum rod stamping assembly, so that the copper strip is bent into a circular tube shape and cladded on the outer periphery of the aluminum rod, is welded at the longitudinal butt joint of the copper strip in the welding assembly after cladding, and obtains copper-clad aluminum wire blanks and is wound on the winding device.

[0010] In the preferred solution, the copper strip imprinting assembly comprises a first imprinting roller, an imprinting motor, an imprinting support frame and a bottom support block, the imprinting support frame is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the cladding welding workbench, the first imprinting roller is rotatably arranged on the imprinting support frame, the output end of the imprinting motor is connected with the axle of the first imprinting roller, the bottom support block is arranged below the first imprinting roller, and a plurality of protruding parts are arranged on the wheel surface of the first imprinting roller.

[0011] In the preferred solution, the aluminum rod imprinting assembly comprises a second imprinting roller and a transmission shaft, two pairs of the second imprinting rollers are arranged, one pair of the second imprinting rollers is arranged horizontally, and the other pair of the second imprinting rollers is arranged vertically, a plurality of the protruding parts are arranged on the wheel surface of the second imprinting roller, the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the axles of the first imprinting roller and the second imprinting roller through a conical gear set, and the second imprinting roller is arranged in an imprinting box.

[0012] In the preferred solution, the cladding welding workbench is provided with a laser displacement sensor, the laser displacement sensor is used for scanning the initial positions of the protrusions and grooves imprinted on the cladding surface of the aluminum rod and the copper strip, the alignment adjusting assembly comprises a mounting frame, a fourth guide roller, a longitudinal moving rod, a longitudinal moving lead screw, a longitudinal moving motor, a second tensioning roller, an adjusting roller mounting seat, a transverse moving lead screw and a transverse moving motor, the fourth guide roller is arranged in the middle of the mounting frame, the longitudinal moving rod is slidably arranged at the top of the mounting frame, the longitudinal moving lead screw is in connection with the middle of the longitudinal moving rod, the output end of the longitudinal moving motor is connected with one end of the longitudinal moving rod, the second tensioning roller is mounted on the adjusting roller mounting seat, the adjusting roller mounting seat is slidably arranged on the longitudinal moving rod, the middle of the transverse moving lead screw is in connection with the adjusting roller mounting seat, and the output end of the transverse moving motor is connected with one end of the transverse moving lead screw.

[0013] The application further provides a production method of the copper-clad aluminum wire, which comprises the following steps: S1, unwinding: raw material unwinding devices respectively unwind the aluminum rod and the copper strip to be processed.

[0014] S2, aluminum rod pretreatment: the aluminum rod enters a drawing die via first and second guide rollers, is wound on a drawing roller for two turns after coming out of the drawing die, passes through a rubber scraping ring and enters a straightening assembly for straightening treatment, is polished in a first polishing assembly after straightening, and then enters an aluminum rod imprinting assembly after removing surface debris by a cleaning brush.

[0015] S3, copper strip pretreatment: the copper strip enters the second polishing assembly through the guide rod, the third guide roller and the first tensioning roller for polishing, and the polished copper strip enters the heating device after removing the surface debris by the cleaning brush for preheating, and the preheated copper strip enters the copper strip imprinting assembly.

[0016] S4, imprinting: the aluminum rod passes through the gap between the second imprinting roller arranged horizontally and the second imprinting roller arranged vertically at the same time, the second imprinting roller presses the grid-shaped protrusions and grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the aluminum rod, and the copper strip passes through the gap between the first imprinting roller and the bottom block, and the first imprinting roller presses the protrusions and grooves corresponding to those on the aluminum rod on the cladding surface of the copper strip.

[0017] S5, cladding welding: the copper strip enters the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly from the bottom of the fourth guide roller synchronously with the aluminum rod, and the copper strip is gradually and step-by-step coiled to the outer surface of the aluminum rod, and when the copper strip is cladded, the protrusions pressed by the copper strip are embedded into the grooves pressed by the aluminum rod, the protrusions pressed by the aluminum rod are embedded into the grooves pressed by the copper strip to form a mortise and tenon type embedding to obtain a physical interlocking structure, and then the butt joint of the copper strip is welded by the welding assembly, and after the welding is completed, the copper-clad aluminum wire blank is obtained by entering the shaping assembly for shaping and cooling, and the copper-clad aluminum wire blank is wound on the winding device. At the entrance of the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly, the initial positions of the protrusions and grooves pressed on the cladding surfaces of the aluminum rod and the copper strip are scanned by the laser displacement sensor, and when the corresponding protrusions and grooves are deviated, the controller sends a control signal to control the longitudinal moving motor or the transverse moving motor to start, when the corresponding protrusions and grooves are longitudinally deviated, the longitudinal moving motor drives the longitudinal moving screw to rotate to drive the longitudinal moving rod to move longitudinally to adjust the tension of the copper strip, and then the elastic elongation of the copper strip is adjusted, so that the speed of the copper strip is finely adjusted to realize the real-time alignment of the relative positions of the corresponding protrusions and grooves; when the corresponding protrusions and grooves are transversely deviated, the transverse moving motor drives the transverse moving screw to rotate to drive the adjusting roller mounting seat to move transversely, and the second tensioning roller drives the copper strip to move transversely to realize the real-time alignment of the relative positions of the corresponding protrusions and grooves.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application include: by removing the surface oxide layer and some impurities and dirt attached to the surface after drawing the aluminum rod to the target wire diameter, the copper band and the aluminum rod can be more closely contacted during subsequent cladding, thereby improving the tightness of the internal structure of the copper-clad aluminum wire, by straightening the drawn aluminum rod, avoiding the core center of the aluminum rod from shifting during subsequent cladding of the copper band, resulting in uneven copper layer thickness; by polishing the straightened aluminum rod to remove the residual wire drawing oil on the surface while forming a moderate roughness on the surface of the aluminum rod, the cladding surface of the copper band is also polished to remove the surface oxide layer and impurities, forming a moderate roughness on the cladding surface of the copper band, increasing the contact area between the copper band and the aluminum rod, and improving the interfacial bonding force. Moreover, the copper band is heated by the preheating assembly, significantly improving the atomic activity of the copper band surface, reducing the yield strength of the copper band, and improving the ductility, avoiding copper layer cracking or local peeling due to stress concentration during subsequent cladding and extrusion, and solving the problem of delamination and separation of the copper-clad aluminum wire during subsequent processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment in the embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the pre-treatment device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cladding and welding device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the aluminum rod and copper band pressing assembly in the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the alignment and adjustment assembly in the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Reference: 1 raw material unwinding device; 2 pretreatment device; 201 pretreatment workbench; 202 drawing assembly; 2021 drawing die; 2022 drawing roller; 203 straightening assembly; 2031 straightening roller; 2032 first closed cover; 204 first polishing assembly; 205 second polishing assembly; 206 preheating assembly; 207 rubber scraping ring; 208 cleaning brush; 3 cladding welding device; 301 cladding welding workbench; 302 aluminum rod impression assembly; 3021 second impression roller; 3022 transmission shaft; 3023 bevel gear set; 3024 impression box; 303 continuous longitudinal cladding assembly; 3031 second closed cover; 304 welding assembly; 305 shaping assembly; 306 copper strip impression assembly; 3061 first impression roller; 3062 impression motor; 3063 impression support frame; 3064 bottom block; 3065 protruding part; 307 alignment adjustment assembly; 3071 mounting frame; 3072 fourth guide roller; 3073 longitudinal movement rod; 3074 longitudinal movement lead screw; 3075 longitudinal movement motor; 3076 second tensioning roller; 3077 adjusting roller mounting seat; 3078 transverse movement lead screw; 3079 transverse movement motor; 308 laser displacement sensor; 4 winding device; 5 aluminum rod; 6 copper strip; 7 first guide roller; 8 second guide roller; 9 guide rod; 10 third guide roller; 11 first tensioning roller; 12 controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions and beneficial effects clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, the connection can be for fixing or for circuit communication.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as implying or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited. Embodiment 1

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment disclosed in the embodiment includes a raw material unwinding device 1, a pretreatment device 2, a cladding and welding device 3 and a winding device 4. The raw material unwinding device 1 supplies aluminum rods 5 and copper strips 6 to be processed. The aluminum rods 5 are unwound and guided into the pretreatment device 2 through the first guide roller 7 and the second guide roller 8 for pretreatment. The copper strips 6 are unwound and guided into the pretreatment device 2 through the guide rod 9, the third guide roller 10 and the first tensioning roller 11 for pretreatment. The aluminum rods 5 and the copper strips 6 are simultaneously introduced into the cladding and welding device 3 for cladding and welding after being treated by the pretreatment device 2. The formed copper-clad aluminum wire blank is wound on the winding device 4. The pretreatment device 2 includes a pretreatment workbench 201 in a rectangular box structure. A drawing assembly 202, a straightening assembly 203 and a first polishing assembly 204 are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the pretreatment workbench 201. A second polishing assembly 205 and a preheating assembly 206 are sequentially arranged in the interior of the pretreatment workbench 201. The aluminum rods 5 are pretreated by the drawing assembly 202, the straightening assembly 203 and the first polishing assembly 204 in sequence and then introduced into the cladding and welding device 3. The copper strips 6 are pretreated by the second polishing assembly 205 and the preheating assembly 206 in sequence and then combined with the aluminum rods 5 to enter the cladding and welding device 3. After being drawn, the aluminum rods 5 can obtain the target wire diameter and remove the surface oxide layer and some impurities and dirt attached to the surface, so that the subsequent cladding of the copper strips 6 and the aluminum rods 5 can be more closely contacted, thereby improving the tightness of the internal structure of the copper-clad aluminum wire. After being drawn, the aluminum rods 5 are introduced into the straightening assembly 203 for straightening, so that the subsequent cladding of the copper strips 6 will not cause the core center of the aluminum rods 5 to deviate, resulting in uneven thickness of the copper layer. After being straightened, the aluminum rods 5 are introduced into the first polishing assembly 204 for polishing. The aluminum rods 5 remove the residual drawing oil on the surface and form a moderate roughness on the surface of the aluminum rods 5 at the same time. At the same time, the cladding surface of the copper strips 6 is polished by the second polishing assembly 205 to remove the surface oxide layer and impurities of the copper strips 6, so that the cladding surface of the copper strips 6 forms a moderate roughness, increases the contact area of the copper strips 6 and the aluminum rods 5, and improves the interfacial bonding force. Moreover, the copper strips 6 are heated to 80-150℃ by the preheating assembly 206, so that the surface atom activity of the copper strips 6 is significantly improved, the yield strength of the copper strips 6 is reduced, and the ductility is improved. The copper layer is prevented from cracking or local peeling due to stress concentration during subsequent cladding and extrusion or drawing, and the copper-clad aluminum wire is prevented from separating and ensuring the conductivity and mechanical properties of the copper-clad aluminum wire.

[0030] In a specific example, the drawing assembly 202 includes a drawing die 2021 and a drawing roller 2022, a motor (not shown in the figure) for providing power for drawing the aluminum rod 5 is connected to the axle of the drawing roller 2022, the aluminum rod 5 passes through the drawing die 2021 after coming out of the second guide roller 8 and is wound on the drawing roller 2022 for two turns, and the aluminum rod 5 after drawing is drawn under the traction of the drawing roller 2022 and enters the straightening assembly 203 for straightening. The straightening assembly 203 includes a plurality of sets of straightening rollers 2031 and a first closed cover 2032, in order to see the inside of the first closed cover 2032 and the pretreatment workbench 201, the first closed cover 2032 is cut in Figure 2 the middle; the plurality of sets of straightening rollers 2031 are synchronously driven to rotate by a straightening motor (not shown in the figure), and the plurality of sets of straightening rollers 2031 are arranged in the first closed cover 2032, the first closed cover 2032 is filled with inert gas for protection, reducing the probability of re-oxidation of the aluminum rod 5 during straightening, and a rubber scraping ring 207 is arranged in front of the straightening rollers 2031, which scrapes off some wire drawing oil or aluminum scale generated during drawing on the surface of the aluminum rod 5 in advance, so as to avoid the aluminum scale being extruded on the surface during subsequent straightening.

[0031] In a specific example, a cleaning brush 208 is arranged behind each of the first polishing assembly 204 and the second polishing assembly 205. The cleaning brush 208 can respectively remove some debris generated during polishing of the aluminum rod 5 and the copper strip 6, so as to avoid the debris being brought into the cladding welding device 3 and affecting the cladding effect. In the embodiment, the first polishing assembly 204 and the second polishing assembly 205 are both prior art, and the specific structure thereof will not be described here.

[0032] In a specific example, the cladding welding device 3 includes a cladding welding workbench 301 in the form of a rectangular box structure, and an aluminum rod stamping assembly 302, a continuous longitudinal cladding assembly 303, a welding assembly 304 and a shaping assembly 305 are sequentially arranged on the table top of the cladding welding workbench 301, the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly 303 is arranged in a relatively closed second closed cover 3031, in order to see the inside of the cladding welding workbench 301 and the second closed cover 3031, Figure 3The copper belt 6 passes through the copper belt pressing assembly 306 and the alignment adjusting assembly 307 and then converges with the aluminum rod 5 after passing through the aluminum rod pressing assembly 302, and enters the continuous longitudinal covering assembly 303 at the same time, so that the copper belt 6 is bent into a circular tube shape and covers the outer periphery of the aluminum rod 5. After covering, the copper belt 6 enters the welding assembly 304 to continuously weld the longitudinal butt joint of the copper belt 6. After welding, the copper belt 6 is shaped and cooled by the shaping assembly 305 to obtain a copper-clad aluminum wire blank. The obtained copper-clad aluminum wire blank is wound on the winding device 4 for temporary storage.

[0033] In a specific example, the copper strip embossing assembly 306 includes a first embossing roller 3061, an embossing motor 3062, an embossing support frame 3063 fixed to the inner bottom surface of the cladding welding workbench 301, and a bottom supporting block 3064. The first embossing roller 3061 is rotatably arranged on the embossing support frame 3063, the output end of the embossing motor 3062 is connected with the axle of the first embossing roller 3061, and the bottom supporting block 3064 is arranged below the first embossing roller 3061. A plurality of protrusions 3065 are arranged on the surface of the first embossing roller 3061. The first embossing roller 3061 is driven to rotate by the embossing motor 3062 to press the protrusions and grooves in a grid shape on the cladding surface of the copper strip 6. The aluminum rod embossing assembly 302 includes a second embossing roller 3021 and a transmission shaft 3022. The second embossing roller 3021 is provided with two pairs of rollers. One pair of the second embossing rollers 3021 is arranged horizontally, and the other pair of the second embossing rollers 3021 is arranged vertically. A plurality of protrusions 3065 are arranged on the surface of the second embossing roller 3021. The transmission shaft 3022 is in transmission connection with the axles of the first embossing roller 3061 and the second embossing roller 3021 through a bevel gear set 3023. The second embossing roller 3021 is arranged in an embossing box 3024. The embossing box 3024 provides a relatively closed embossing environment, and inert gas such as argon is introduced into the interior of the embossing box 3024 and the cladding welding workbench 301 for protection. The two pairs of second embossing rollers 3021 are also in transmission connection through the bevel gear set 3023. The first embossing roller 3061 and the second embossing roller 3021 are synchronously driven and controlled by the same embossing motor 3062, so that the rotational speed deviation of the embossing rollers is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the pitch of the concave-convex grooves is completely matched. The protrusions and grooves are pressed on the cladding combination surface of the aluminum rod 5 and the copper strip 6 by the first embossing roller 3061 and the second embossing roller 3021, respectively. The protrusions on the aluminum rod 5 correspond to the grooves on the copper strip 6, and the grooves on the aluminum rod 5 correspond to the protrusions on the copper strip 6. During cladding, the complementary concave-convex grooves realize mortise and tenon type fitting, so that the copper-aluminum interface is upgraded from planar contact to three-dimensional interlocking, and the shear resistance is greatly improved. At the same time, the forced fitting of the copper strip grooves and the aluminum rod protrusions can effectively offset the interface stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of copper and aluminum, further reducing the risk of delamination. In addition, the fitting of the concave-convex grooves increases the effective contact area of copper and aluminum, reduces the micro gap through which the current passes, reduces the interface resistance, and improves the conductivity and signal transmission stability.

[0034] In a specific example, a laser displacement sensor 308 is arranged on the cladding welding workbench 301, and the laser displacement sensor 308 is used to scan the initial positions of the protrusions and recesses stamped on the cladding surface of the aluminum rod 5 and the copper strip 6. The alignment adjusting assembly 307 includes a mounting frame 3071, a fourth guide roller 3072, a longitudinal moving rod 3073, a longitudinal moving lead screw 3074, a longitudinal moving motor 3075, a second tensioning roller 3076, an adjusting roller mounting seat 3077, a transverse moving lead screw 3078, and a transverse moving motor 3079. The fourth guide roller 3072 is arranged at the middle part of the mounting frame 3071. The two ends of the longitudinal moving rod 3073 are slidably arranged on the top of the mounting frame 3071. The longitudinal moving lead screw 3074 is connected with the middle part of the longitudinal moving rod 3073. The output end of the longitudinal moving motor 3075 is connected with one end of the longitudinal moving rod 3073. The second tensioning roller 3076 is mounted on the adjusting roller mounting seat 3077. The adjusting roller mounting seat 3077 is slidably arranged on the longitudinal moving rod 3073. The middle part of the transverse moving lead screw 3078 is connected with the adjusting roller mounting seat 3077. The output end of the transverse moving motor 3079 is connected with one end of the transverse moving lead screw 3078. The longitudinal moving motor 3075, the transverse moving motor 3079, and the laser displacement sensor 308 are electrically connected with the controller 12. The longitudinal moving motor 3075 and the transverse moving motor 3079 are servo motors or step motors. The phase difference is monitored in real time by the laser displacement sensor 308. After the monitoring signal is fed back to the controller 12 for processing, the tension of the copper strip 6 is automatically controlled by the longitudinal moving motor 3075 to compensate for the embedding offset caused by the speed fluctuation. The horizontal position of the copper strip 6 is automatically controlled by the transverse moving motor 3079 to make the copper strip 6 concentrically aligned with the aluminum rod 5. Through the high-precision real-time monitoring + closed-loop dynamic compensation mechanism, the phase synchronization problem of the mortise and tenon embedding of the concave and convex grooves in the production of the copper-clad aluminum wire is effectively solved. The precise embedding of the recess of the copper strip 6 and the protrusion of the aluminum rod 5 is realized. The uniformity of the cladding layer thickness is ensured. The local aluminum exposure or copper layer crack caused by uneven cladding is avoided. At the same time, the signal attenuation caused by the uneven surface of the high-frequency current is reduced. The "skin effect" distortion is suppressed. Embodiment 2

[0035] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 5 The embodiment discloses a production method of a copper-clad aluminum wire. The copper-clad aluminum wire is produced by using the copper-clad aluminum wire production device. The production method comprises the following steps: S1, unwinding: the raw material unwinding device 1 unwinds the aluminum rod 5 and the copper strip 6 to be processed; S2, aluminum rod 5 pretreatment: the aluminum rod 5 enters the drawing die 2021 through the first guide roller 7 and the second guide roller 8, after coming out of the drawing die 2021, winding two turns on the drawing roller 2022, and then passing through the rubber scraping ring 207 to enter the straightening assembly 203 for straightening, the straightened aluminum rod 5 enters the first polishing assembly 204 for polishing, and the polished aluminum rod 5 removes the surface debris through the cleaning brush 208 and then enters the aluminum rod imprint assembly 302; the target line diameter aluminum rod 5 is obtained after drawing, and the surface oxide layer and some impurities and dirt attached to the surface can be removed; the aluminum rod 5 is straightened, which avoids the core center offset of the aluminum rod 5 when the copper belt 6 is coated subsequently, resulting in uneven copper layer thickness; the aluminum rod 5 removes the residual wire drawing oil on the surface through polishing, and at the same time, a moderate roughness is formed on the surface of the aluminum rod 5 to increase the contact area.

[0036] S3, copper belt 6 pretreatment: the copper belt 6 enters the second polishing assembly 205 through the guide rod 9, the third guide roller 10 and the first tensioning roller 11 for polishing, the polished copper belt 6 removes the surface debris through the cleaning brush 208 and then enters the preheating assembly 206 for preheating, and the preheated copper belt 6 enters the copper belt imprint assembly 306; the copper belt 6 is polished to remove the surface oxide layer and impurities of the copper belt 6, so that the copper belt 6 coating surface forms a moderate roughness to increase the contact area of the copper belt 6 and the aluminum rod 5; the copper belt 6 is preheated by the preheating assembly 206, so that the atomic activity of the surface of the copper belt 6 is significantly improved, the yield strength of the copper belt 6 is reduced, and the ductility is improved, which avoids the copper layer cracking or local peeling caused by stress concentration during subsequent imprinting or coating extrusion, and the delamination separation.

[0037] S4, imprinting: the aluminum rod 5 passes through the gap between a pair of horizontally arranged second imprinting rollers 3021 and a pair of vertically arranged second imprinting rollers 3021, the second imprinting rollers 3021 press out grid-shaped protrusions and grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the aluminum rod, and the copper belt 6 passes through the gap between the first imprinting roller 3061 and the bottom block 3064, the first imprinting roller 3061 presses out protrusions and grooves on the coating surface of the copper belt 6 corresponding to the protrusions and grooves on the aluminum rod; by pressing out protrusions and grooves on the coating combined surface of the aluminum rod 5 and the copper belt 6 respectively, the complementary concave-convex grooves realize mortise and tenon type fitting during coating, so that the copper-aluminum interface is upgraded from plane contact to three-dimensional mechanical interlocking, which greatly improves the shear resistance, and at the same time, the forced fitting of the copper belt groove and the aluminum rod protrusion can effectively offset the interface stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient of copper and aluminum, further reducing the delamination risk and improving the conductivity and signal transmission stability.

[0038] S5, cladding welding: the copper strip 6 from the fourth guide roller 3072 bottom on the same time with the aluminum rod 5 into the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly 303, copper strip 6 step by step coil cladding to the outer surface of the aluminum rod 5, cladding copper strip 6 pressed into the groove in the aluminum rod 5 pressed into the groove in the copper strip 6 pressed into the groove to form a mortise and tenon type of embedded to get physical interlocking structure, then through the welding assembly 304 on the copper strip 6 butt joint welding, welding is completed into the shaping assembly 305 for shaping cooling, get copper clad aluminum wire blank, the copper clad aluminum wire blank obtained by winding to the winding device 4.

[0039] In step S5, when the copper strip 6 and the aluminum rod 5 enter the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly 303, the initial position of the embossed convex and concave on the cladding surface of the aluminum rod 5 and the copper strip 6 is scanned by the laser displacement sensor 308 based on laser triangulation method, a 3D point cloud map is generated, and the phase difference is calculated in real time. When the corresponding convex and concave position deviates, the laser displacement sensor 308 feeds back the real-time scanned phase difference data signal to the controller 12 for processing, and the controller 12 sends a control signal to control the longitudinal moving motor 3075 or the transverse moving motor 3079 to start. When the corresponding convex and concave position deviates longitudinally (front and back deviation), the longitudinal moving motor 3075 drives the longitudinal moving screw 3074 to rotate and drive the longitudinal moving rod 3073 to move longitudinally to adjust the tension of the copper strip 6, and then adjust the elastic elongation of the copper strip 6. By changing the effective length of the copper strip 6, the instantaneous speed of the copper strip 6 is fine tuned, the cumulative misalignment of the convex and concave grooves caused by speed fluctuation is compensated, and the relative positions of the corresponding convex and concave grooves are aligned in real time. When the corresponding convex and concave position deviates laterally, the transverse moving motor 3079 drives the transverse moving screw 3078 to rotate and drive the adjusting roller mounting seat 3077 to move laterally, and the second tensioning roller 3076 drives the copper strip 6 to move forward and backward laterally for fine tuning. By directly offsetting the horizontal position of the copper strip 6, the lateral position of the copper strip 6 is compensated, the copper strip 6 is forced to align concentrically with the aluminum rod 5, the relative positions of the corresponding convex and concave grooves of the copper strip 6 and the aluminum rod 5 are aligned in real time, dynamic closed loop control deviation is realized, and cladding defects are reduced.

[0040] The above further describes the present application in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, and cannot be deemed as limiting the specific implementation of the present application to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, without departing from the concept of the present application, they can make several substitutions or variations to the described embodiments, and these substitutions or variations shall be deemed as falling within the protection scope of the present application. In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "a preferred embodiment", "an example", "a specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In the case of not contradicting each other, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present application and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. A copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus characterized by: The application relates to an aluminum-copper clad wire production device, which comprises raw material unwinding devices, pretreatment devices, cladding and welding devices and winding devices, the raw material unwinding devices supply aluminum rods and copper strips to be processed, the aluminum rods enter the pretreatment devices through first and second guide rollers, the copper strips enter the pretreatment devices through a guide rod, a third guide roller and a first tension roller, the aluminum rods and the copper strips are simultaneously subjected to the pretreatment devices and then enter the cladding and welding devices to be cladded and welded into aluminum-copper clad wire blanks, the aluminum-copper clad wire blanks are wound on the winding devices; the pretreatment devices comprise a pretreatment workbench in a box structure, a drawing assembly, a straightening assembly and a first polishing assembly are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the pretreatment workbench, a second polishing assembly and a preheating assembly are sequentially arranged in the interior of the pretreatment workbench, the aluminum rods are sequentially subjected to the drawing assembly, the straightening assembly and the first polishing assembly and then enter the cladding and welding devices, and the copper strips are sequentially subjected to the second polishing assembly and the preheating assembly and then enter the cladding and welding devices.

2. The copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The drawing assembly comprises a drawing die and a drawing roller, the aluminum rods sequentially enter the drawing die and the drawing roller after coming out of the second guide roller, are drawn under the traction of the drawing roller and then enter the straightening assembly to be straightened.

3. The copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The straightening assembly comprises a plurality of groups of straightening rollers and a first closed cover, the straightening rollers are arranged in the first closed cover, and rubber scraping rings are arranged in front of the straightening rollers.

4. The copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The rear of the first polishing assembly and the second polishing assembly is provided with cleaning brushes.

5. The copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The cladding and welding devices comprise a cladding and welding workbench in a box structure, an aluminum rod stamping assembly, a continuous longitudinal cladding assembly, a welding assembly and a shaping assembly are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the cladding and welding workbench, an copper strip stamping assembly and an alignment adjusting assembly are arranged in the interior of the cladding and welding workbench, the copper strip enters the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly together with the aluminum rod after the copper strip stamping assembly and the alignment adjusting assembly and the aluminum rod after the aluminum rod stamping assembly, the copper strip is bent into a circular tube and is cladded on the outer periphery of the aluminum rod, is welded at the longitudinal butt joint of the copper strip after cladding and enters the welding assembly, the copper-clad aluminum wire blank is obtained and is wound on the winding device.

6. The copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus of claim 5, wherein: The copper strip stamping assembly comprises a first stamping roller, a stamping motor, a stamping support frame and a bottom supporting block, the stamping support frame is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the cladding and welding workbench, the first stamping roller is rotatably arranged on the stamping support frame, the output end of the stamping motor is connected with the shaft of the first stamping roller, the bottom supporting block is arranged below the first stamping roller, and a plurality of convex parts are arranged on the wheel surface of the first stamping roller.

7. The copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus of claim 6, wherein: The aluminum rod embossing assembly comprises second embossing rollers and a transmission shaft, the second embossing rollers are provided in two pairs, one pair of the second embossing rollers is arranged horizontally, and the other pair of the second embossing rollers is arranged vertically, a plurality of the protrusions are arranged on wheel surfaces of the second embossing rollers, the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with wheel shafts of the first embossing rollers and the second embossing rollers through a conical gear set, and the second embossing rollers are arranged in an embossing box.

8. The copper clad aluminum wire production apparatus of claim 7, wherein: The laser displacement sensor is arranged on the cladding welding workbench and is used for scanning initial positions of the protrusions and the grooves embossed on the cladding surface of the aluminum rod and the copper strip, and the alignment adjusting assembly comprises a mounting frame, a fourth guide roller, a longitudinal moving rod, a longitudinal moving lead screw, a longitudinal moving motor, a second tensioning roller, an adjusting roller mounting seat, a transverse moving lead screw and a transverse moving motor, the fourth guide roller is arranged in the middle of the mounting frame, both ends of the longitudinal moving rod are slidably arranged on the top of the mounting frame, the longitudinal moving lead screw is in matched connection with the middle of the longitudinal moving rod, the output end of the longitudinal moving motor is connected with one end of the longitudinal moving rod, the second tensioning roller is mounted on the adjusting roller mounting seat, the adjusting roller mounting seat is slidably arranged on the longitudinal moving rod, the middle of the transverse moving lead screw is in matched connection with the adjusting roller mounting seat, and the output end of the transverse moving motor is connected with one end of the transverse moving lead screw; the longitudinal moving motor, the transverse moving motor and the laser displacement sensor are electrically connected with the controller.

9. A method of producing a copper clad aluminum wire, characterized by: The copper-clad aluminum wire production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for production, and the production comprises the following steps: S1, unwinding: the raw material unwinding device unwinds the aluminum rod and the copper strip to be processed respectively; S2, aluminum rod pretreatment: the aluminum rod enters the drawing die through the first guide roller and the second guide roller, is wound on the drawing roller for two turns after coming out of the drawing die, passes through the rubber scraping ring, enters the straightening assembly for straightening treatment, enters the first polishing assembly for polishing after straightening, and then enters the aluminum rod embossing assembly after removing the surface debris by the cleaning brush; S3, copper strip pretreatment: the copper strip enters the second polishing assembly through the guide rod, the third guide roller and the first tensioning roller, is polished, and then enters the heating device for preheating after removing the surface debris by the cleaning brush; and S4, embossing: the aluminum rod passes through the gap between the first embossing roller and the bottom block, and the first embossing roller embosses the protrusions and the grooves corresponding to the protrusions and the grooves on the aluminum rod on the cladding surface of the copper strip. S5, cladding welding: the copper strip from the fourth guide roller bottom on the synchronization with the aluminum rod into the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly, copper strip gradually coiled cladding to the outer surface of the aluminum rod, cladding copper strip pressed into the groove of the aluminum rod convex pressed into the groove of the copper strip to form a mortise and tenon type embedded get physical interlocking structure, then through the welding assembly for copper strip butt joint welding, welding after entering the shaping assembly for shaping cooling, get copper clad aluminum wire blank, the copper clad aluminum wire blank obtained from the winding device.

10. The copper clad aluminum wire production method of claim 9, wherein: In step S5, when the copper strip and the aluminum rod enter the entrance of the continuous longitudinal cladding assembly, the initial position of the convex and the groove pressed on the cladding surface of the aluminum rod and the copper strip is scanned by the laser displacement sensor, when the corresponding convex and groove position deviation, the controller sends control signal control longitudinal movement motor or transverse movement motor start, when the corresponding convex and groove position longitudinal deviation, longitudinal movement motor drive longitudinal movement lead screw rotation drive longitudinal movement rod longitudinal movement adjustment copper strip tension, and then adjust the elastic elongation of the copper strip, so as to fine tune the speed of the copper strip, realize the real-time alignment of the relative position of the corresponding convex and groove; when the corresponding convex and groove position transverse deviation, transverse movement motor drive transverse movement lead screw rotation drive adjustment roll mounting seat transverse movement, the second tensioning roller drive copper strip forward and backward transverse movement for fine tuning, realize the real-time alignment of the relative position of the corresponding convex and groove.

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