A surface treatment apparatus for a cast of a turbocharger

Abstract

The application relates to the grinding technical field and discloses a surface treatment equipment for automobile turbocharger castings, which comprises a lifting end, a polishing motor arranged on the front side of the side surface of the lifting end, a rotating table arranged above the lifting end, a hydraulic rod arranged on the inner side of the rotating table and a polishing mechanism arranged below the lifting end. The polishing mechanism comprises two fixed shaft frames, an upper wheel rotationally connected between the two fixed shaft frames, a sliding groove block arranged below the upper wheel, a hinge rod hingedly connected to the left and right sides of the sliding groove block, a deflection plate hingedly connected to the bottom end of each fixed shaft frame, a pulley block slidingly connected to the inner side of each deflection plate, an adjusting wheel rotationally connected to the inner side surface of the bottom end of each hinge rod and a lower wheel rotationally connected between the middle portions of the bottom ends of the two fixed shaft frames. The application can flexibly control the polishing area, disperse the grinding force, avoid local overheating or stress concentration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding technology, specifically to a surface treatment device for automotive turbocharger castings. Background Technology

[0002] Surface treatment equipment for automotive turbocharger castings is a key component used to improve the surface quality of castings and enhance their mechanical properties and durability. Turbochargers must withstand extreme conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed rotation during operation; therefore, their castings are typically made of heat-resistant alloys or high-strength cast iron. However, surface defects and insufficient surface roughness generated during the casting process directly affect the fatigue strength, airtightness, and corrosion resistance of the castings.

[0003] Patent CN111922884A discloses a batch surface polishing equipment for automotive turbochargers, relating to the field of polishing equipment technology. This patent includes a worktable, a rotary motor, and a support frame. Its key feature is that several lifting legs are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the worktable, leg supports are connected to the periphery of each lifting leg, and a moving rod and a support rod are connected to one surface of each lifting leg. One end of the support rod is connected to the lifting leg, and the other end is connected to the moving rod. One end of the moving rod is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. This invention improves the stability of the moving rod and lifting legs by providing support rods. The rotary motor provides power to the equipment, which is then transmitted sequentially to a worm gear, gear, rotating shaft, and moving rod, ultimately causing the moving rod to move up and down, thus moving the worktable up and down. This allows for adjustment of the worktable height, ensuring the automotive turbocharger fixed on the worktable is aligned with the polishing wheel position, enabling the polishing of automotive turbochargers of different sizes. However, this invention suffers from the problem of unavoidable localized overheating or excessive stress concentration during polishing. Therefore, this invention proposes a surface treatment equipment for automotive turbocharger castings to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a surface treatment device for automotive turbocharger castings, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a surface treatment equipment for automotive turbocharger castings, including a lifting end, a grinding motor is provided on the front side of the lifting end, a rotating table is provided above the lifting end, a hydraulic rod is provided on the inner side of the rotating table, and a grinding mechanism is provided below the lifting end.

[0006] The grinding mechanism includes two fixed shaft frames, with an upper wheel rotatably connected between them. A sliding block is provided below the upper wheel, and hinge rods are hinged to the left and right sides of the sliding block. Deflection plates are hinged to both sides of the bottom end of each fixed shaft frame. A pulley block is slidably connected to the inner side of each deflection plate. An adjusting wheel is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bottom end of each hinge rod. A lower wheel is rotatably connected between the middle of the bottom ends of the two fixed shaft frames. A mounting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed shaft frame, and a mounting base is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting frame. A grinding belt is provided on the outer side of the upper wheel.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, a cleaning mechanism is provided on the side of the grinding mechanism, and a collection mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning mechanism. Two connecting rod grooves and one rotating shaft groove are respectively opened on the front side of the fixed shaft frame.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the upper wheel shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the grinding motor. A connecting rod is provided between the fixed shaft frame and the grinding motor. The grinding motor and the fixed shaft frame located on the front side are fixedly connected by the connecting rod. A vertical sliding groove is provided on the side of the fixed shaft frame. The sliding groove block is slidably connected to the vertical sliding groove on the side of the fixed shaft frame. The pulley block is hinged to the bottom end of the hinge rod. A return spring is provided on the side of the pulley block, and the two ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the pulley block and the deflection plate, respectively. The connecting rod groove is slidably connected to the connecting rod. The grinding belt is respectively attached to the adjusting wheel and the lower wheel. It is installed at the end of the robotic arm through the rotary table. When the hydraulic rod is in the initial state, the grinding motor drives the upper wheel to rotate. The upper wheel transmits power to the adjusting wheel through the grinding belt, and at the same time, it causes the lower wheel attached to the grinding belt to rotate. The lower roller supports the grinding belt, minimizing the contact area between the grinding belt and the casting surface. This allows for fine grinding of curved recesses or grooves in the casting. When the grinding area on the curved surface of the casting needs to be increased, the hydraulic rod retracts, causing the connected lifting end to move downwards. The movement of the lifting end causes the connected sliding block to slide along the vertical groove on the side of the fixed shaft frame. At this time, the sliding block pushes the connecting hinge rods on both sides, causing the bottom end of the hinge rods to push the deflection plate to deflect around the fixed shaft frame. During this process, the grinding belt disengages from the lower roller and comes into contact with the casting surface. After the grinding belt comes into contact, as the hydraulic rod continues to retract, the adjusting wheels on both sides no longer deflect around the fixed shaft frame via the deflection plate after contacting the curved surface of the casting. The hinge rods that continue to apply thrust will push the pulley block to slide along the deflection plate and compress the return spring. At this time, the grinding belt increases its contact area with the curved surface of the casting.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the cleaning mechanism includes an exhaust end shell, two arc-shaped plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle part of the exhaust end shell, a fan plate is provided between each arc plate, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the fan plate, a fan shell is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the exhaust end shell, a fan wheel is rotatably connected inside the fan shell, an air inlet is opened on the side of the fan shell away from the exhaust end shell, and an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the fan shell.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, a fixed pipe plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air outlet pipe, an air blowing pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the air outlet pipe away from the fan housing, a suction pipe is provided above the air outlet pipe, and a suction head is fixedly connected to one end of the suction pipe.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the exhaust end shell. The rotating shaft extends from the inside of the exhaust end shell through the outer wall and is fixedly connected to the impeller. The air outlet pipe is connected to the inside of the fan housing. The suction pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed pipe plate. The end of the suction pipe away from the suction head is connected to the exhaust end shell. When the exhaust end shell is pumped by an external air pump, the airflow will enter from the bottom of the exhaust end shell and transport the grinding debris upward through the airflow. During this process, an air pressure difference is generated inside the exhaust end shell due to the airflow. This air pressure difference drives the fan plate to rotate in contact with the arc-shaped plate. The downward-extending arc structure of the plate guides the airflow from the edge of the fan plate, causing the fan plate to rotate in one direction. The rotation of the fan plate drives the impeller connected to the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotation of the impeller draws outside air into the fan housing through the air inlet, and the air inside the fan housing is discharged through the air outlet pipe. The discharged air is blown onto the surface of the grinding belt through the air outlet pipe and the air blowing pipe. The air blows off the metal powder attached to the grinding belt, and the airflow is driven by the suction pipe connected to the exhaust end shell, so that the suction head connected to the suction pipe of the exhaust end shell can adsorb and collect the blown metal dust.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the collection mechanism includes an air duct, a particle distribution guide is fixedly connected to the top end of the air duct, a collection ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the air duct, a rotating ring is rotatably connected above the collection ring, a discharge port is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the collection ring, an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top surface of the rotating ring, a filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe, a fixed ring plate is fixed to the side of the rotating ring, a turntable tooth is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting base away from the mounting frame, and a drive tooth is meshed with the side of the turntable tooth.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the air duct is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust end shell, the particle distribution guide is located between the rotating ring and the collecting ring, the particle distribution guide is conical in shape, the fixed ring plate is fixedly connected to the rotating table, the turntable teeth are rotatably connected to the rotating table, and the drive teeth are rotatably connected to the rotating table. When the exhaust pipe draws fine dust and larger particles together into the space between the collecting ring and the rotating ring through the airflow, the larger particles will be blocked under the filter screen connected to the exhaust pipe. The particles blocked under the filter screen will fall into the collecting ring along the particle distribution guide. The drive teeth are driven to rotate by an external motor, and the rotation of the drive teeth drives the meshing turntable teeth to rotate, thereby driving the mounting base to rotate through the turntable teeth, causing the mounting bracket connected to the mounting base and the exhaust end shell to rotate together. During the relative movement of the collecting ring and the rotating ring, the collecting ring collects the particles together through rotation and discharges them through the discharge port.

[0014] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This surface treatment equipment for automotive turbocharger castings can better conform to the complex curvature of curved surfaces by adjusting the structure and contact area of ​​the grinding belt. This avoids the uneven grinding problems caused by the mismatch in shape of traditional rigid tools. For uneven areas, the grinding pressure can be locally increased or decreased to achieve targeted repair, reducing over-cutting or missed grinding. Flexible control of the grinding area helps to disperse the grinding force and avoid local overheating or stress concentration, thereby reducing the risk of surface scratches, burrs or deformation. For common defects in castings such as sand holes and flash, the grinding frequency can be increased to make the overall surface finish more uniform and meet the requirements of high-precision processes.

[0016] This surface treatment equipment for automotive turbocharger castings prevents metal shavings and powder from accumulating on the grinding belt surface, reducing the abrasive's cutting ability and causing decreased grinding efficiency or even slippage. Through suction and airflow purging, the equipment keeps the grinding belt clean, ensuring it is always in optimal grinding condition. This improves grinding consistency and surface finish, preventing scratches or defects caused by secondary adhesion of shavings. Meanwhile, metal powder adhesion can clog abrasive gaps and accelerate grinding belt passivation. Airflow purging effectively removes these particles, reducing ineffective abrasive wear, extending tool life, reducing replacement frequency, and saving production costs.

[0017] This surface treatment equipment for automotive turbocharger castings prevents the formation of explosive mixtures such as aluminum powder and magnesium powder suspended in the air. Large particles pose a lower risk, and classified storage allows for targeted control of dust explosion-proof and anti-static requirements, such as using explosion-proof chambers or inert gas protection. It also reduces dust pollution during the transportation of debris. Large metal debris can usually be directly smelted and recycled, while fine metal powder, due to its high degree of oxidation and many impurities, requires special treatment before it can be reused. By collecting and storing the metal powder separately, the gaps between metal powder particles are reduced, and the utilization rate of waste materials is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall frontal three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear-view three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding block connection structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural diagram of A in the figure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the collection mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Lifting end; 2. Grinding motor; 3. Rotary table; 4. Hydraulic rod; 5. Grinding mechanism; 51. Fixed shaft bracket; 52. Rotary shaft groove; 53. Connecting rod groove; 54. Mounting bracket; 55. Upper wheel; 56. Grinding belt; 57. Deflection plate; 58. Pulley block; 59. Adjusting wheel; 510. Hinge rod; 511. Sliding block; 512. Lower wheel; 513. Mounting seat; 6. Cleaning mechanism; 61. Exhaust end shell; 62. Arc plate 63. Fan plate; 64. Rotating shaft; 65. Impeller; 66. Fan housing; 67. Air inlet; 68. Air outlet pipe; 69. Air blowing pipe; 610. Suction pipe; 611. Fixed pipe plate; 612. Suction head; 7. Collection mechanism; 71. Air duct; 72. Particle separating guide pipe; 73. Filter screen; 74. Exhaust pipe; 75. Collection ring; 76. Rotating ring; 77. Fixed ring plate; 78. Discharge port; 79. Rotary disc teeth; 710. Drive teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-7An embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a surface treatment device for automotive turbocharger castings, including a lifting end 1, a grinding motor 2 provided on the front side of the lifting end 1, a rotating table 3 provided above the lifting end 1, a hydraulic rod 4 provided on the inner side of the rotating table 3, and a grinding mechanism 5 provided below the lifting end 1.

[0028] The grinding mechanism 5 includes two fixed shaft brackets 51, with an upper wheel 55 rotatably connected between them. A sliding block 511 is located below the upper wheel 55, and hinge rods 510 are hinged to the left and right sides of the sliding block 511. Deflection plates 57 are hinged to both sides of the bottom end of each fixed shaft bracket 51. A pulley block 58 is slidably connected to the inner side of each deflection plate 57. An adjusting wheel 59 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bottom end of each hinge rod 510. A lower wheel 512 is rotatably connected between the middle of the bottom ends of the two fixed shaft brackets 51. A mounting bracket 54 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed shaft bracket 51, and a mounting seat 513 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting bracket 54. A grinding belt 56 is located on the outer side of the upper wheel 55. A cleaning mechanism 6 is located on the side of the grinding mechanism 5. A collecting mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the 6. Two connecting rod grooves 53 and one rotating shaft groove 52 are respectively opened on the front side of the fixed shaft frame 51. The upper wheel 55's rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the grinding motor 2. A connecting rod is provided between the fixed shaft frame 51 and the grinding motor 2. The grinding motor 2 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft frame 51 located on the front side via the connecting rod. A vertical sliding groove is opened on the side of the fixed shaft frame 51. The sliding block 511 is slidably connected to the vertical sliding groove on the side of the fixed shaft frame 51. The pulley block 58 is hinged to the bottom end of the hinge rod 510. A return spring is provided on the side of the pulley block 58, and both ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the pulley block 58 and the deflection plate 57 respectively. The connecting rod groove 53 is slidably connected to the connecting rod. The grinding belt 56 is respectively connected to the adjusting wheel 59 and the lower wheel 512. The components are fitted together and mounted to the end of the robotic arm via a rotary table 3. When the hydraulic rod 4 is in its initial state, the grinding motor 2 drives the upper wheel 55 to rotate. The upper wheel 55 transmits power to the adjusting wheel 59 via the grinding belt 56, simultaneously causing the lower wheel 512, which is in contact with the grinding belt 56, to rotate. The lower wheel 512 supports the grinding belt 56, minimizing the contact area between the grinding belt 56 and the casting surface. This allows for fine grinding of the arc-shaped depressions or grooves in the casting. When it is necessary to increase the grinding area on the arc surface of the casting, the hydraulic rod 4 retracts, causing the connected lifting end 1 to move downwards. The movement of the lifting end 1 causes the connected sliding block 511 to slide along the vertical groove on the side of the fixed shaft frame 51. At this time, the sliding block 511 pushes the two sides... The connecting rod 510 causes the bottom end of the connecting rod 510 to push the deflection plate 57 to deflect around the fixed shaft frame 51. During this process, the grinding belt 56 disengages from the lower wheel 512 and makes the grinding belt 56 fit against the surface of the casting. After the grinding belt 56 fits, as the hydraulic rod 4 continues to contract, the adjusting wheels 59 on both sides contact the arc surface of the casting and no longer deflect around the fixed shaft frame 51 through the deflection plate 57. The connecting rod 510, which continues to apply thrust, will push the pulley block 58 to slide along the deflection plate 57 and squeeze the return spring. At this time, the grinding belt 56 increases the contact area with the arc surface of the casting. By adjusting the structure of the grinding belt 56, such as flexible substrate or segmented design and contact area, it can better fit the complex curvature of the arc surface and avoid the problem of uneven grinding caused by shape mismatch of traditional rigid tools.Especially for uneven areas, increasing or decreasing the grinding pressure locally can achieve targeted repair, reduce over-cutting or missed grinding, and flexibly controlling the grinding area helps to disperse the grinding force, avoid local overheating or stress concentration, thereby reducing the risk of surface scratches, burrs or deformation. For defects such as sand holes and flash that are common in castings, the grinding frequency can be increased in a targeted manner to make the overall surface finish more uniform and meet the requirements of high-precision processes.

[0029] The cleaning mechanism 6 includes an exhaust end shell 61. Two arc-shaped plates 62 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the middle part of the exhaust end shell 61. A fan plate 63 is provided between each arc plate 62. A rotating shaft 64 is fixedly connected to the center of the fan plate 63. A fan shell 66 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the exhaust end shell 61. A fan wheel 65 is rotatably connected inside the fan shell 66. An air inlet 67 is opened on the side of the fan shell 66 away from the exhaust end shell 61. An air outlet 68 is fixedly connected to the side of the fan shell 66.

[0030] A fixed pipe plate 611 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air outlet pipe 68. An air blowing pipe 69 is fixedly connected to the end of the air outlet pipe 68 away from the fan housing 66. A suction pipe 610 is provided above the air outlet pipe 68. A suction head 612 is fixedly connected to one end of the suction pipe 610.

[0031] The rotating shaft 64 is rotatably connected to the exhaust end housing 61. The rotating shaft 64 extends from the inside of the exhaust end housing 61 through the outer wall. The rotating shaft 64 is fixedly connected to the impeller 65. The air outlet pipe 68 is connected to the inside of the fan housing 66. The suction pipe 610 is fixedly connected to the fixed pipe plate 611. The end of the suction pipe 610 away from the suction head 612 is connected to the exhaust end housing 61. When the exhaust end housing 61 is pumped by an external air pump, the airflow will come from the bottom of the exhaust end housing 61 and carry the grinding debris to the exhaust end housing 61. During the upward conveying process, an air pressure difference is generated inside the exhaust end casing 61 due to airflow. This air pressure difference drives the fan plate 63 to rotate in contact with the arc-shaped plate 62. The downward-extending arc-shaped structure of the arc-shaped plate 62 guides the airflow to enter from the edge of the fan plate 63, causing the fan plate 63 to rotate in one direction. The rotation of the fan plate 63 drives the impeller 65 connected to the rotating shaft 64 to rotate. The rotation of the impeller 65 draws outside air into the fan casing 66 through the air inlet 67, and the rotation of the impeller 65 further drives the airflow into the fan casing 66. Air inside the housing 66 is exhausted through the exhaust pipe 68, and the exhausted air is blown onto the surface of the grinding belt 56 through the exhaust pipe 68 and the blowing pipe 69. The blowing air blows off the metal powder attached to the grinding belt 56, and the airflow is driven by the suction pipe 610 connected to the exhaust end housing 61. The suction head 612 connected to the suction pipe 610 of the exhaust end housing 61 adsorbs and collects the blown metal dust, preventing metal chips and powder from accumulating on the surface of the grinding belt 56, reducing the cutting ability of the abrasive, and causing a decrease in grinding efficiency or even slippage. Through suction adsorption and airflow purging, the grinding belt 56 is kept clean, ensuring that it is always in the best grinding state, thereby improving the consistency of grinding and surface finish, and avoiding scratches or defects caused by secondary adhesion of chips. At the same time, the adhesion of metal powder will block the gaps between the abrasive and accelerate the passivation of the grinding belt 56. Meanwhile, the airflow purging can effectively remove these particles, reduce ineffective wear of the abrasive, extend tool life, reduce replacement frequency, and save production costs.

[0032] The collection mechanism 7 includes an air duct 71, a particle distribution conduit 72 fixedly connected to the top end of the air duct 71, a collection ring 75 fixedly connected to the top end of the air duct 71, a rotating ring 76 rotatably connected above the collection ring 75, a discharge port 78 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the collection ring 75, an exhaust pipe 74 fixedly connected to the top surface of the rotating ring 76, a filter screen 73 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 74, a fixed ring plate 77 fixedly attached to the side of the rotating ring 76, and a turntable tooth 79 fixedly connected to the end of the mounting base 513 away from the mounting bracket 54. The side of tooth 79 is meshed with drive tooth 710. Air duct 71 is fixedly connected to the top of exhaust end shell 61. Particle distribution guide 72 is located between rotating ring 76 and collecting ring 75. Particle distribution guide 72 is conical in shape. Fixed ring plate 77 is fixedly connected to rotating table 3. Rotary tooth 79 is rotatably connected to rotating table 3. Drive tooth 710 is rotatably connected to rotating table 3. When exhaust pipe 74 draws fine dust and larger particles together into the space between collecting ring 75 and rotating ring 76 through airflow, the larger particles are blocked in the exhaust. Debris trapped under the filter 73 connected to the trachea 74 falls into the collection ring 75 along the particle distribution guide 72. An external motor drives the drive gear 710 to rotate, which in turn drives the meshing rotary disc gear 79 to rotate. This, in turn, rotates the mounting base 513, causing the mounting bracket 54 and the exhaust end shell 61 connected to the mounting base 513 to rotate together. During the relative movement between the collection ring 75 and the rotary ring 76, the collection ring 75 collects the particles and debris through rotation and discharges them. Port 78 discharges metal dust with a large specific surface area, which easily suspends in the air and forms explosive mixtures such as aluminum powder and magnesium powder. Large particles pose a lower risk. Categorized storage can effectively control the explosion-proof and anti-static requirements of dust, such as using explosion-proof chambers or inert gas protection, while reducing dust pollution during the transportation of debris. Large metal debris can usually be directly smelted and recycled, while fine metal powder, due to its high degree of oxidation and many impurities, requires special treatment before it can be reused. By collecting and storing metal powder separately, the gaps between metal particles are reduced, and the utilization rate of waste is improved.

[0033] Working principle: In use, the rotary table 3 is installed at the end of the robotic arm. When the hydraulic rod 4 is in the initial state, the grinding motor 2 drives the upper wheel 55 to rotate. The upper wheel 55 transmits power to the adjusting wheel 59 through the grinding belt 56. At the same time, it causes the lower wheel 512, which is in contact with the grinding belt 56, to rotate. The lower wheel 512 supports the grinding belt 56, making the contact area between the lower wheel 512 and the surface of the casting small, so as to perform fine grinding on the arc-shaped concave or groove areas of the casting. When it is necessary to increase the grinding area of ​​the arc surface of the casting, the hydraulic rod 4 retracts, causing the connected lifting end 1 to move downward. The movement of the lifting end 1 causes the connected sliding block 511 to slide along the vertical groove opened on the side of the fixed shaft frame 51. At this time, the sliding block 511 pushes the two The side-connected hinge rod 510 causes the bottom end of the hinge rod 510 to push the deflection plate 57 to deflect around the fixed shaft frame 51. During this process, the grinding belt 56 disengages from the lower wheel 512 and makes the grinding belt 56 fit against the surface of the casting. After the grinding belt 56 fits, as the hydraulic rod 4 continues to contract, the two side adjusting wheels 59 contact the arc surface of the casting and no longer deflect around the fixed shaft frame 51 through the deflection plate 57. The hinge rod 510, which continues to apply thrust, will push the pulley block 58 to slide along the deflection plate 57 and squeeze the return spring. At this time, the grinding belt 56 increases the contact area with the arc surface of the casting. By adjusting the structure of the grinding belt 56, such as a flexible substrate or a segmented design and contact area, it can better fit the complex curvature of the arc surface and avoid the problem of uneven grinding caused by shape mismatch of traditional rigid tools. Especially for uneven areas, increasing or decreasing the grinding pressure locally can achieve targeted repair, reduce over-cutting or missed grinding, and flexibly controlling the grinding area helps to disperse the grinding force, avoid local overheating or stress concentration, thereby reducing the risk of surface scratches, burrs or deformation. For common defects in castings such as sand holes and flash, the grinding frequency can be increased in a targeted manner to make the overall surface finish more uniform and meet the requirements of high-precision processes.

[0034] When the exhaust end housing 61 is pumped by an external air pump, the airflow enters from the bottom of the exhaust end housing 61 and carries the grinding debris upwards. During this process, a pressure difference is generated inside the exhaust end housing 61 due to the airflow. This pressure difference drives the fan plate 63 to rotate against the arc plate 62. The downward-extending arc structure of the arc plate 62 guides the airflow to enter from the edge of the fan plate 63, causing the fan plate 63 to rotate in one direction. The rotation of the fan plate 63 drives the impeller 65 connected to the rotating shaft 64 to rotate. The rotation of the impeller 65 draws outside air into the fan housing 66 through the air inlet 67, and the rotation of the impeller 65 discharges the air inside the fan housing 66 through the air outlet 68. The discharged air is then blown onto the surface of the grinding belt 56 through the air outlet 68 and the blowing pipe 69. The air blown into the surface of the grinding belt 56 is then used to blow the grinding debris upwards. Metal powder adhering to the grinding belt 56 is blown off and driven by the suction pipe 610 connected to the exhaust end shell 61, causing airflow. The suction head 612 connected to the suction pipe 610 of the exhaust end shell 61 adsorbs and collects the blown metal dust, preventing metal chips and powder from accumulating on the surface of the grinding belt 56 and reducing the cutting ability of the abrasive, which would lead to a decrease in grinding efficiency or even slippage. Through suction adsorption and airflow purging, the grinding belt 56 is kept clean, ensuring that it is always in the best grinding state, thereby improving the consistency of grinding and surface finish, and avoiding scratches or defects caused by secondary adhesion of chips. At the same time, the adhesion of metal powder will block the gaps between the abrasive and accelerate the passivation of the grinding belt 56. Meanwhile, airflow purging can effectively remove these particles, reduce ineffective wear of the abrasive, extend tool life, reduce replacement frequency, and save production costs.

[0035] When the exhaust pipe 74 draws fine dust and larger particles together into the space between the collection ring 75 and the rotating ring 76 via airflow, the larger particles are blocked under the filter screen 73 connected to the exhaust pipe 74. The particles blocked under the filter screen 73 fall into the collection ring 75 along the particle distribution guide 72. The external motor drives the drive gear 710 to rotate, which in turn drives the meshing disc gear 79 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the mounting base 513 to rotate, causing the mounting bracket 54 and the exhaust end shell 61 connected to the mounting base 513 to rotate together. During the relative movement of the collection ring 75 and the rotating ring 76... The collection ring 75 collects the particles and debris together by rotating and discharges them through the discharge port 78. Metal dust has a large specific surface area and is easily suspended in the air to form explosive mixtures such as aluminum powder and magnesium powder. Large particles pose a lower risk. Categorized storage can effectively control the explosion-proof and anti-static requirements of dust, such as using explosion-proof chambers or inert gas protection, while reducing dust pollution during debris transportation. Large metal debris can usually be directly smelted and recycled, while fine metal powder, due to its high degree of oxidation and many impurities, requires special treatment before it can be reused. Categorized collection and storage reduces the gaps in metal powder and improves the utilization rate of waste.

[0036] This invention provides a surface treatment device for automotive turbocharger castings. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A surface treatment apparatus for a cast of a turbocharger of an automobile, comprising a lifting end (1), characterized in that: The side front of the lifting end (1) is provided with a polishing motor (2), the upper side of the lifting end (1) is provided with a rotating table (3), the inner side of the rotating table (3) is provided with a hydraulic rod (4), and the lower side of the lifting end (1) is provided with a polishing mechanism (5). The polishing mechanism (5) comprises two fixed shaft frames (51), the upper side of the polishing mechanism (5) is provided with a polishing belt (56), the polishing belt (56) is arranged on the outer side of the upper wheel (55) and the lower wheel (512), the lower side of the polishing belt (56) is provided with a polishing mechanism (5), and the polishing mechanism (5) is arranged on the lower side of the polishing belt (56). The polishing mechanism (5) comprises two fixed shaft frames (51), and the upper wheel (55) is rotatably connected between the two fixed shaft frames (51); the lower side of the upper wheel (55) is provided with a sliding groove block (511); the left and right sides of the sliding groove block (511) are hingedly connected with a hinge rod (510); the bottom end of the fixed shaft frame (51) is hingedly connected with a deflection plate (57); the inner side of each deflection plate (57) is slidably connected with a pulley block (58); the bottom end of each hinge rod (510) is rotatably connected with an adjusting wheel (59); the lower wheel (512) is rotatably connected between the middle portions of the bottom ends of the two fixed shaft frames (51); the top end of the fixed shaft frame (51) is fixedly connected with a mounting frame (54); the side of the mounting frame (54) is fixedly connected with a mounting seat (513); and the outer side of the upper wheel (55) is provided with a polishing belt (56). The front side of the fixed shaft frame (51) is respectively provided with two connecting rod grooves (53) and a rotating shaft groove (52). The rotating shaft of the upper wheel (55) is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the polishing motor (2), a connecting rod is arranged between the fixed shaft frame (51) and the polishing motor (2), the polishing motor (2) is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft frame (51) located on the front side through the connecting rod, the side of the fixed shaft frame (51) is provided with a vertical sliding groove, the sliding groove block (511) is slidably connected with the vertical sliding groove of the side of the fixed shaft frame (51), the pulley block (58) is hingedly connected with the bottom end of the hinge rod (510), the side of the pulley block (58) is provided with a return spring, and the two ends of the return spring are fixedly connected with the pulley block (58) and the deflection plate (57), respectively, the connecting rod groove (53) is slidably connected with the connecting rod, and the polishing belt (56) is respectively and mutually attached to the adjusting wheel (59) and the lower wheel (512). By adjusting the structure and contact area of the polishing belt (56), the complex curvature of the arc surface can be better attached, the uneven polishing problem caused by the shape mismatch of the traditional rigid tool can be avoided, and the local increase or decrease of the polishing pressure can realize the targeted modification of the uneven area.

2. An automotive turbocharger casting surface treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The side of the polishing mechanism (5) is provided with a cleaning mechanism (6), and the top end of the cleaning mechanism (6) is fixedly connected with a collecting mechanism (7).

3. A surface treatment apparatus for a turbocharger casting for an automobile as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (6) includes an air suction end shell (61), the inner wall of the middle part of the air suction end shell (61) is fixedly connected with two arc-shaped plates (62), a fan flow plate (63) is arranged between each of the arc-shaped plates (62), a rotating shaft rod (64) is fixedly connected to the center of the fan flow plate (63), a fan shell (66) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air suction end shell (61), a wind wheel (65) is rotatably connected in the fan shell (66), an air inlet (67) is formed in the side of the fan shell (66) away from the air suction end shell (61), and an air outlet pipe (68) is fixedly connected to the side of the fan shell (66).

4. A surface treatment apparatus for a turbocharger casting for an automobile as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the air outlet pipe (68) is fixedly connected with a pipe fixing plate (611), one end of the air outlet pipe (68) away from the fan shell (66) is fixedly connected with a blowing pipe (69), and a suction pipe (610) is arranged above the air outlet pipe (68). One end of the suction pipe (610) is fixedly connected with a suction head (612).

5. A surface treatment apparatus for a turbocharger casting for an automobile as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating shaft rod (64) is rotatably connected with the air suction end shell (61), the rotating shaft rod (64) penetrates through the outer wall from the inside of the air suction end shell (61), the rotating shaft rod (64) is fixedly connected with the wind wheel (65), the air outlet pipe (68) is in communication with the inside of the fan shell (66), the suction pipe (610) is fixedly connected with the pipe fixing plate (611), and one end of the suction pipe (610) away from the suction head (612) is in communication with the air suction end shell (61).

6. A surface treatment apparatus for a turbocharger casting for an automobile as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (7) includes an air duct pipe (71), the top end of the air duct pipe (71) is fixedly connected with a particle guide pipe (72), the top end of the air duct pipe (71) is fixedly connected with a collecting ring (75), the collecting ring (75) is rotatably connected with a rotating ring (76) above, the outer wall of the collecting ring (75) is fixedly connected with a discharge port (78), the top surface of the rotating ring (76) is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe (74), the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (74) is fixedly connected with a filter screen (73), the side surface of the rotating ring (76) is fixedly connected with a fixed ring plate (77), one end of the mounting seat (513) away from the mounting frame (54) is fixedly connected with a rotating disc tooth (79), and the side surface of the rotating disc tooth (79) is meshingly connected with a driving tooth (710).

7. An automotive turbocharger casting surface treatment apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by: The air duct pipe (71) is fixedly connected to the top end of the air suction end shell (61), the particle guide pipe (72) is located between the rotating ring (76) and the collecting ring (75), the particle guide pipe (72) has a whole conical shape, the fixed ring plate (77) is fixedly connected with the rotating table (3), the rotating disc tooth (79) is rotatably connected with the rotating table (3), and the driving tooth (710) is rotatably connected with the rotating table (3).

Images