Dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device, heat management equipment, control method of heat management equipment and energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of energy storage, and provides a dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device, heat management equipment, a control method of the heat management equipment and an energy storage system. The device comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, and the first opening is used for being communicated with water supply equipment; the electric control condenser is located at the second opening; the first heat exchanger is located in the shell, an inlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the third opening, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the fourth opening; a nitrate solvent is stored in the shell and immerses the first heat exchanger, the liquid level of the nitrate solvent is a first liquid level value, and nitrate reacts with water to absorb heat under the condition that water is supplied into the shell and the liquid level in the shell is smaller than or equal to a second liquid level value; and under the condition that water supply into the shell is stopped and the electric control condenser is started, water in the shell is evaporated until the liquid level in the shell drops to a first liquid level value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to a dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device of an energy storage device, a thermal management device, a control method thereof and an energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rise of the new energy industry, the market size of energy storage batteries is growing rapidly, and the importance of battery thermal management systems is increasing. At present, most energy storage systems use liquid cooling for thermal management. The liquid cooling scheme uses liquid as the cooling medium, and a set of compression refrigeration equipment is separately matched for the system. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the liquid through a heat exchanger to cool the liquid, and the cooled liquid is introduced into the battery liquid cooling system. However, the compression refrigeration equipment is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, and the refrigeration capacity will decrease significantly under high temperature conditions, affecting the refrigeration effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device of an energy storage device, a thermal management device, a control method thereof and an energy storage system, which at least solve the problem that the compression refrigeration equipment in the existing liquid cooling system is greatly affected by the ambient temperature and has poor environmental adaptability.

[0004] According to some embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application provide a dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device of an energy storage device, comprising: a shell, the shell is provided with a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, the first opening is used for communicating with a water supply device; an electrically controlled light collector located at the second opening; a first heat exchanger located in the shell, the inlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the third opening, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the fourth opening; the shell stores a nitrate salt solvent, the nitrate salt solvent immerses the first heat exchanger and the liquid level is a first liquid level value, in the case that water is supplied to the shell and the liquid level in the shell is less than or equal to a second liquid level value, the nitrate salt reacts with water to absorb heat; in the case that water supply to the shell is stopped and the electrically controlled light collector is turned on, the water in the shell evaporates until the liquid level in the shell drops to the first liquid level value.

[0005] In some embodiments, the nitrate salt solvent includes ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, and the content of the ammonium nitrate is 60% to 80%, and the content of the sodium nitrate is 20% to 40%.

[0006] In some embodiments, the electrically controlled light collector is an electrically controlled Fresnel lens, the shell is a shell with an open top surface, and the electrically controlled Fresnel lens is located on the top surface.

[0007] In some embodiments, the shell further has a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, the first heat exchanger is closer to the bottom surface than to the top surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device further comprises a liquid level sensor located on the bottom surface in the shell, the liquid level sensor being configured to detect a liquid level in the shell.

[0008] In some embodiments, the shell further has a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, the shell further has a fifth opening, the fifth opening is closer to the top surface than to the bottom surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further comprises an exhaust valve located at the fifth opening, the water vapor generated by evaporation being exhausted to outside of the shell through the exhaust valve.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further comprises a layer of thermal insulation material located on an outer surface of the shell.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first heat exchanger is a serpentine tube heat exchanger.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a heat management device, comprising: a valve group comprising a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve and a fifth valve; any one of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration devices of the energy storage device, a first opening of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device being configured to communicate with a water supply device, the third valve being located on a pipeline between the first opening and the water supply device; and a liquid cooling device comprising a second heat exchanger and a liquid cooling plate, the second heat exchanger comprising a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, the cooling liquid inlet being configured to communicate with an outlet of the liquid cooling plate through the first valve, the outlet of the liquid cooling plate being configured to communicate with an inlet of the first heat exchanger of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device in sequence through the second valve and the fifth valve, the cooling liquid outlet being configured to communicate with the inlet of the first heat exchanger through the fifth valve, and the cooling liquid outlet being further configured to communicate with an inlet of the liquid cooling plate through the fourth valve, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger being configured to communicate with the inlet of the liquid cooling plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger further comprises a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and the liquid cooling device further comprises: a pump group located on a pipeline communicating the outlet of the liquid cooling plate with the inlet of the second heat exchanger; and a compression refrigeration device, an outlet of the compression refrigeration device being configured to communicate with the refrigerant inlet, and an inlet of the compression refrigeration device being configured to communicate with the refrigerant outlet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the water supply device is a dehumidifier of an energy storage device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a control method of the heat management device, the liquid cooling plate of the heat management device is used to contact the energy storage device, the method comprises: acquiring the liquid level condition in the shell of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the working stage of the energy storage device, and the state of charge of the energy storage device, the working stage comprises a charging stage and a discharging stage; at least according to the liquid level condition, the working stage and the state of charge, the switching state of the valve group is controlled, so that the cooling liquid in the heat management device returns to the liquid cooling plate through one of the following: the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, so as to cool the cooling liquid.

[0016] In some embodiments, at least according to the liquid level condition, the working stage and the state of charge, the switching state of the valve group is controlled, which comprises: in the case of satisfying a predetermined condition, the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be opened and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be closed, so as to supply water to the shell and make the cooling liquid return to the liquid cooling plate through the first heat exchanger, the predetermined condition comprises that the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value, the working stage is the charging stage and the state of charge is less than or equal to a first value; in the case of not satisfying the predetermined condition, at least the first valve is controlled to be opened, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through at least the second heat exchanger.

[0017] In some embodiments, in the case of not satisfying the predetermined condition, at least the first valve is controlled to be opened, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through at least the second heat exchanger, which comprises: in the case of the liquid level in the shell being greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working stage being the charging stage and the state of charge being less than or equal to the first value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be opened and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger; in the case of the working stage being the charging stage and the state of charge satisfying less than or equal to a second value and being greater than the first value, or in the case of the working stage being the discharging stage and the state of charge satisfying less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be opened and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger; in the case of the state of charge being greater than the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be opened and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

[0018] In some embodiments, in a case that the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than the first value, or in a case that the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger, including: in a case that the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than the first value, or in a case that the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, the first valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in turn; in a case that the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than the first value, or in a case that the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

[0019] In some embodiments, in a case that the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger, including: in a case that the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in turn; in a case that the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

[0020] In some embodiments, the charging phase is a period of time located in the daytime, the discharging phase is a period of time located in the nighttime, and the method further comprises: when the current time is a daytime time and the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, controlling the electric control condenser of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device to be turned on and the third valve to be closed to evaporate the moisture in the shell; when the liquid level in the shell is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, or when the liquid level in the shell is greater than the first liquid level value and less than the second liquid level value and the third valve is open, or when the current time is a nighttime time, controlling the electric control condenser to be turned off.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first value is less than or equal to 10%, and the second value is 90% to 95%.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an energy storage system, comprising: an energy storage device; any of the heat management devices; and a control device of the heat management device, comprising one or more processors, a memory and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs comprise programs for executing any of the control methods of the heat management device.

[0023] In some embodiments, the energy storage system is a photovoltaic energy storage system, and the photovoltaic energy storage system further comprises: a photovoltaic power station, which is electrically connected to the energy storage device and used to charge the energy storage device in the daytime.

[0024] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages: the present application provides a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device for refrigerating an energy storage device, which stores a nitrate solvent in a shell, and the solvent is immersed in a first heat exchanger. By supplying water into the shell, the nitrate reacts with the water to absorb heat, and the cooling liquid flowing through the first heat exchanger can be cooled. An electric control condenser is arranged on the shell, and by turning on the electric control condenser, light is focused on the nitrate mixed solution in the shell, so that the moisture in the mixed solution in the shell is evaporated, and the nitrate solvent is reset. Since the reaction process of the nitrate is basically not affected by the environment temperature, the environmental adaptability is strong, so that the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device can realize the function of circulating refrigeration, and avoid the problem of unstable refrigeration capacity caused by poor environmental adaptability of the device, and ensure that the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device has good refrigeration effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the figures that form a part of this disclosure and which are shown by way of illustration in the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments unless otherwise specifically indicated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute a limiting factor in terms of proportion; in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a thermal management device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A flowchart of a control method of a thermal management device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A working flowchart of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Among them, the drawings include the following reference signs:

[0031] 10, housing; 11, water supply pipe; 12, electrically controlled condenser; 13, first heat exchanger; 14, liquid level sensor; 15, exhaust valve; 20, first valve; 21, second valve; 22, third valve; 23, fourth valve; 24, fifth valve; 25, second heat exchanger; 26, liquid cooling plate; 27, pump group; 28, compression refrigeration device; 29, dehumidifier; 30, industrial water supply device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] As known from the background art, the compression refrigeration device in the current liquid cooling system is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, and the refrigerating capacity will be significantly attenuated under high temperature working conditions, and the environmental adaptability is poor.

[0033] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a dissolving heat-absorbing refrigeration device of an energy storage device, comprising: a shell, the shell is provided with a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening, the first opening is used for communicating with a water supply device; an electric control light collector is located at the second opening; a first heat exchanger is located in the shell, an inlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the third opening, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger communicates with the fourth opening; a nitrate salt solvent is stored in the shell, the nitrate salt solvent immerses the first heat exchanger and the liquid level is a first liquid level value, in the case that water is supplied to the shell and the liquid level in the shell is less than or equal to a second liquid level value, the nitrate salt reacts with water to absorb heat; in the case that the water supply to the shell is stopped and the electric control light collector is turned on, the water in the shell evaporates until the liquid level in the shell drops to the first liquid level value.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0035] In this paper, the reference to "embodiments" means that the specific features, structures or properties described in conjunction with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the existence of A, the existence of A and B, and the existence of B. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are a "or" relationship.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or can be integrated; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In the corresponding drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the thickness and area of the layer are exaggerated for better understanding and ease of description. When describing that a component (such as a layer, a film, a region or a substrate) is on or on the surface of another component, the component can be "directly" on the surface of the other component, or a third component can exist between the two components. On the contrary, when describing that a component is on the surface of another component or that a component surface is formed or provided with another component, it means that there is no third component between the two components. In addition, when describing that a component is "formed substantially" on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor on the edge of the entire surface.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, when a certain component "includes" another component, unless otherwise specified, other components are not excluded and other components can also be further included. In addition, when a layer, film, region or plate and the like component is referred to as "on / located on" another component, it can be "directly on" another component (i.e. between the surface of another component and another component without other components), or another component can exist therebetween. In addition, when a layer, film, region, plate and the like component is "directly on" another component, or when a layer, film, region, plate and the like component is on the surface of another component, it means that no other component is located therebetween.

[0042] The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various embodiments of the disclosure and the appended claims, the phrase "the part" is also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Among others, the components include layers, films, regions, or plates, and the like.

[0043] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, those skilled in the art can understand that in the embodiments of the present application, many technical details are proposed in order to make the reader better understand the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed by the present application can be realized even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0044] The energy storage device dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device provided by the embodiments of the present application can be used for refrigeration. Figure 1 An exemplary structure diagram of the energy storage device dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device of the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the energy storage device dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device comprises:

[0045] A housing 10, wherein a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening are formed on the housing 10, and the first opening is used for communicating with a water supply device;

[0046] Optionally, the housing 10 can be a regular-shaped housing 10, for example, the housing 10 can be a cabinet body; the housing 10 can also be an irregular-shaped housing 10. The housing 10 has a containing space, and the first opening, the second opening, the third opening and the fourth opening respectively penetrate from the outer surface of the housing 10 to the inside of the housing 10. The four openings are arranged at intervals. As shown in the figure, Figure 1 A water supply pipe 11 is arranged at the first opening, and the water supply pipe 11 is used for communicating with the water supply device.

[0047] An electrically-controlled light collector 12 is arranged at the second opening;

[0048] That is, the second opening is used for mounting the electrically-controlled light collector 12. Through electrical control, the electrically-controlled light collector 12 can be turned on or off to realize light collection or non-light collection control.

[0049] A first heat exchanger 13 is arranged in the housing 10, an inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 communicates with the third opening, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger 13 communicates with the fourth opening;

[0050] Specifically, the first heat exchanger 13 is located in the containing space of the shell 10, the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 can communicate with the outside of the shell 10 through the third opening, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger 13 can communicate with the outside of the shell 10 through the fourth opening.

[0051] The nitrate salt solvent is stored in the shell 10, the nitrate salt solvent immerses the first heat exchanger 13 and the liquid level is the first liquid level value, in the case that water is supplied into the shell 10 and the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than or equal to the second liquid level value, the nitrate salt reacts with water to absorb heat; in the case that water supply into the shell 10 is stopped and the electrically controlled light collector 12 is opened, the water in the shell 10 evaporates until the liquid level in the shell 10 drops to the first liquid level value.

[0052] Specifically, the second liquid level value is greater than the first liquid level value. Optionally, the nitrate salt solvent includes nitrate salt and water, when the liquid level is the first liquid level value, the nitrate salt solvent is in a supersaturated state, that is, the concentration of the nitrate salt exceeds the solubility of the nitrate salt in water. In the process of supplying water into the shell 10 and the liquid level in the shell 10 being less than or equal to the second liquid level value, the nitrate salt in the nitrate salt solvent dissolves in water, the dissolution process absorbs heat, the cooling liquid can flow into the first heat exchanger 13 through the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 and flow out of the first heat exchanger 13 through the outlet of the first heat exchanger 13, and heat exchange is achieved with the mixed solution in the shell 10. In the case that the liquid level in the shell 10 reaches the second liquid level value, the mixed solution in the shell 10 reaches a saturated state. In the process of water evaporation in the shell 10, part of the nitrate salt in the mixed solution gradually precipitates from water until the liquid level drops to the first liquid level value, at which time the nitrate salt solvent returns to the supersaturated state.

[0053] Through the embodiment, a device for refrigerating energy storage equipment by using the principle of dissolution and heat absorption is provided. The device stores a nitrate salt solvent in the shell 10, the solvent immerses the first heat exchanger 13, by supplying water into the shell 10, the nitrate salt reacts with water to absorb heat, and the cooling liquid flowing through the first heat exchanger 13 can be cooled. The electrically controlled light collector 12 is arranged on the shell 10, by opening the electrically controlled light collector 12 to focus light on the nitrate salt mixed solution in the shell 10, the water in the mixed solution in the shell 10 can be evaporated, and the nitrate salt solvent is reset. Since the reaction process of the nitrate salt is basically not affected by the environment temperature, the environmental adaptability is strong, so that the dissolution and heat absorption refrigeration device can realize the function of circulating refrigeration and avoid the problem that the refrigerating capacity is unstable due to poor environmental adaptability of the device, and the refrigeration effect of the dissolution and heat absorption refrigeration device is good.

[0054] It should be noted that the amount of water required for complete dissolution of the nitrate salt solvent in the shell 10 is (second liquid level value - first liquid level value). In the case where the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than the second liquid level value, the mixed solution of the nitrate salt is in an unsaturated state, and the nitrate salt no longer dissolves endothermically.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the first liquid level value can be 20 mm above the first heat exchanger 13. The control error of the first liquid level value and the second liquid level value can be ±5 mm.

[0056] The dissolution endothermic refrigeration device of the present application realizes efficient cooling of the energy storage device through the dissolution endothermic reaction of the nitrate salt solvent and water and the evaporation heat release mechanism of the electrically controlled light concentrator 12. This process not only utilizes the endothermic characteristics of chemical reactions, but also combines the natural advantages of solar energy, without additional energy consumption, thereby reducing cooling costs.

[0057] In some embodiments, the nitrate salt solvent includes ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, and the content of the ammonium nitrate is 60% to 80%, and the content of the sodium nitrate is 20% to 40%. For example, the content of the ammonium nitrate can be 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, or 80%, and the content of the sodium nitrate can be 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40%, etc. The proportion of the nitrate salt solvent can further ensure that the nitrate salt solvent can produce a larger endothermic effect during dissolution, and can also ensure the stability of the nitrate salt solvent in a high temperature environment, avoiding the risk of high temperature deterioration of the nitrate salt solvent under light. At the same time, the use of such a solvent does not produce harmful substances and is environmentally friendly.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, the nitrate salt solvent is composed of 70% ammonium nitrate and 30% sodium nitrate. In this embodiment, considering that pure ammonium nitrate will decompose and deteriorate at 169°C, after adding 30% sodium nitrate, the decomposition and deterioration temperature will be raised to above 200°C, which can avoid the risk of high temperature deterioration of the solution under light, therefore, the solvent in the shell 10 is set to a mixed solution of 70% ammonium nitrate and 30% sodium nitrate.

[0059] According to some other embodiments of the present application, the electrically controlled light concentrator 12 is an electrically controlled Fresnel lens, and the shell 10 is an open-top shell 10, and the electrically controlled Fresnel lens is located at the top surface. In this embodiment, the electrically controlled Fresnel lens is arranged at the open top of the shell 10, which can concentrate sunlight to a specific area in the shell 10 through its high-efficiency optical focusing ability, accelerate the evaporation of water, and realize the rapid resetting of the nitrate salt solvent. Moreover, the Fresnel lens has the characteristics of low production cost, lightness, wind pressure resistance, and weather resistance, etc., and can be applied to scenes with relatively harsh weather conditions.

[0060] Exemplarily, the top surface of the shell 10 is entirely open to provide the electrically controlled Fresnel lens. In other embodiments, part of the top surface of the shell 10 is open to provide the electrically controlled Fresnel lens.

[0061] In addition to the Fresnel lens, in other embodiments, the electrically controlled condenser 12 can also be a curved mirror or a microlens array.

[0062] In some embodiments, the shell 10 also has a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, the first heat exchanger 13 is closer to the bottom surface than to the top surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device further comprises a liquid level sensor 14 located on the bottom surface inside the shell 10, which is used to detect the liquid level inside the shell 10. In this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 13 is located at the bottom of the shell 10, and the nitrate salt solvent is immersed in the first heat exchanger 13 at the bottom of the shell 10. Through the focusing effect of the electrically controlled Fresnel lens located at the top of the shell 10, light can be efficiently and quickly focused on the nitrate salt solvent at the bottom of the shell 10. The liquid level inside the shell 10 can be monitored in real time through the liquid level sensor 14 arranged on the bottom surface of the shell 10.

[0063] In another optional solution, the shell 10 also has a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, and the shell 10 is further provided with a fifth opening, the fifth opening is closer to the top surface than to the bottom surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further comprises an exhaust valve 15 located at the fifth opening, through which the water vapor generated by evaporation is discharged outside the shell 10. In this embodiment, the fifth opening is arranged near the top surface of the shell 10, and the exhaust valve 15 is arranged at the fifth opening, which ensures that the water vapor generated by evaporation inside the shell 10 can be discharged from the shell 10 in time, preventing the pressure inside the shell 10 from being too high, which affects the cooling effect and the safety of the device.

[0064] The reasonable arrangement of the exhaust valve 15 in the embodiment is the guarantee for the safe operation of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device. In the process of accelerating water evaporation by the electrically controlled condenser 12, the water vapor generated needs to be discharged in time through the exhaust valve 15 to avoid the accumulation of pressure inside the shell 10, ensuring the stability and safety of the device. In addition, the opening degree of the exhaust valve 15 can be controlled according to the evaporation condition to automatically adjust the exhaust rate.

[0065] In the specific application process, the distance between the first opening and the top surface is greater than the distance between the first opening and the bottom surface, that is, the first opening is arranged close to the bottom surface of the shell 10, which is convenient for adding water to the nitrate salt solvent.

[0066] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a heat insulation layer on the outer surface of the shell 10. The heat insulation layer can effectively reduce the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the shell 10, maintain the stability of the temperature in the shell 10, and further avoid the influence of the temperature fluctuation of the external environment on the cooling effect inside the energy storage device.

[0067] According to some other embodiments of the present application, the first heat exchanger 13 is a coiled pipe heat exchanger. The use of the coiled pipe heat exchanger can increase the contact area between the cooling liquid and the nitrate solution in the first heat exchanger 13, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and thus more effectively reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid in the first heat exchanger 13.

[0068] In some other embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a sunlight tracker at the second opening. The sunlight tracker comprises a support, a motor, an angle sensor, and a controller. The support is mechanically connected to the electrically controlled light collector 12. The motor is used to move to drive the rotation of the support. The angle sensor is used to detect the angle data of the electrically controlled light collector 12. The controller calculates the real-time solar position information through the built-in GPS (Global Positioning System) and time information, and adjusts the movement of the motor in combination with the angle data fed back by the angle sensor, so as to drive the electrically controlled light collector 12 to rotate through the support, and ensure that the focal point of the electrically controlled light collector 12 and the solution inside the shell 10 maintain the best light-heat conversion efficiency.

[0069] In some other embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises an electric heater in the shell 10 and at the bottom of the shell 10 or around the nitrate solution in the shell 10. In the case of insufficient light (such as at night or on cloudy days), the electric heater can work to heat the solution in the shell 10, promote the evaporation of water in the solution, and help the solution return to the supersaturated state from the saturated state.

[0070] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a heat management device, Figure 2 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of the heat management device of the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat management device of the present application comprises: Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1, the heat management device of the present application comprises:

[0071] The valve group comprises a first valve 20, a second valve 21, a third valve 22, a fourth valve 23, and a fifth valve 24.

[0072] Specifically, the first valve 20, the second valve 21, the third valve 22, the fourth valve 23 and the fifth valve 24 are used to control the flow path of the cooling liquid. Optionally, the valve types of the first valve 20, the second valve 21, the third valve 22, the fourth valve 23 and the fifth valve 24 can be the same or different. For example, the first valve 20, the second valve 21, the third valve 22, the fourth valve 23 and the fifth valve 24 can all be solenoid valves.

[0073] The first opening of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device is used to communicate with the water supply device, and the third valve 22 is located on the pipeline of the first opening and the water supply device.

[0074] Specifically, by controlling the opening and closing of the third valve 22, the water supply to the shell 10 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is controlled.

[0075] The liquid cooling device includes a second heat exchanger 25 and a liquid cooling plate 26. The second heat exchanger 25 includes a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet. The cooling liquid inlet communicates with the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 through the first valve 20. The outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 communicates with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device in turn through the second valve 21 and the fifth valve 24. The cooling liquid outlet communicates with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13 through the fifth valve 24. The cooling liquid outlet also communicates with the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 through the fourth valve 23. The outlet of the first heat exchanger 13 communicates with the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 26.

[0076] Specifically, the first end of the first valve 20 communicates with the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26, and the second end of the first valve 20 communicates with the cooling liquid inlet. The first end of the second valve 21 respectively communicates with the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 and the first end of the first valve 20. The second end of the second valve 21 respectively communicates with the cooling liquid outlet, the first end of the fifth valve 24 and the first end of the fourth valve 23. The second end of the fifth valve 24 communicates with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 13. The second end of the fourth valve 23 communicates with the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 26.

[0077] The heat management device of the embodiment is connected with the liquid cooling device and the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device, and a plurality of valves are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the two, and the three cooling liquid circulation paths of circulating the cooling liquid in the first heat exchanger 13 only, circulating the cooling liquid in the second heat exchanger 25 only, and circulating the cooling liquid in the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 25 can be realized by opening and closing control of the plurality of valves. The introduction of the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device relieves the heat management pressure of the liquid cooling device, reduces the operation time and power consumption of the liquid cooling device, and at the same time ensures the overall refrigeration effect of the heat management device. In addition, since the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device is basically not affected by the environment temperature, the cooperation of the liquid cooling device and the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device can make the whole heat management device have strong adaptability to the environment.

[0078] In the present application, the heat management device is applied to an energy storage device, and the liquid cooling plate 26 is in contact with the energy storage device. Specifically, the liquid cooling plate 26 is in contact with the top surface or the bottom surface of each battery in the energy storage device.

[0079] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger 25 further comprises a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and the liquid cooling device further comprises: a pump set 27 located on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 and the inlet of the second heat exchanger 25; and a compression refrigeration device 28, wherein the outlet of the compression refrigeration device 28 is connected with the refrigerant inlet, and the inlet of the compression refrigeration device 28 is connected with the refrigerant outlet. The pump set 27 is located on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 26 and the inlet of the second heat exchanger 25, and is used to push the circulation flow of the cooling liquid. The compression refrigeration device 28 is used to provide cooling capacity when needed, and to cool the cooling liquid flowing between the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 25, so as to ensure that the temperature of the cooling liquid can be stabilized within the required range.

[0080] Since the compression refrigeration device 28 is greatly affected by the environment, the refrigeration capacity will be obviously attenuated under high temperature working conditions, while the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device is basically not affected by the environment temperature. The introduction of the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device on the basis of the liquid cooling device can further improve the adaptability of the whole heat management device to the environment.

[0081] In some embodiments, the water supply device is a dehumidifier 29 of the energy storage device. Since a certain amount of condensate water is generated during the operation of the dehumidifier, the water is reused in the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device, which reduces the waste of energy and water resources, saves water resources, and at the same time helps to reduce the pressure on water resources caused by the operation of the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device.

[0082] Of course, in addition to the dehumidifier, in other exemplary embodiments, the water supply device can also be an industrial water supply device 30.

[0083] In other exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, the water supply device can also be an industrial water supply device 30.Figure 2 As shown, the water supply device includes a dehumidifier 29 and an industrial water supply device 30.

[0084] In actual application, any suitable type of heat exchanger can be selected by those skilled in the art as the second heat exchanger 25. According to an embodiment of the present application, the second heat exchanger 25 is a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger has a larger heat exchange area for storing coolant due to its structural characteristics, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, enabling the coolant to quickly reduce the temperature under high heat load conditions, and ensuring the cooling demand of the energy storage device under extreme working conditions.

[0085] In still another aspect, the present application further provides a control method of the heat management device, wherein the liquid cooling plate 26 of the heat management device is used to contact the energy storage device. Figure 3 is a flow chart of the control method of the heat management device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the method comprises the following steps: Figure 3

[0086] In step S201, the liquid level condition in the housing 10 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the working phase of the energy storage device, and the state of charge of the energy storage device are obtained, wherein the working phase includes the charging phase and the discharging phase.

[0087] Specifically, the liquid level condition can be obtained by a liquid level sensor installed in the housing 10 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device.

[0088] In step S202, at least according to the liquid level condition, the working phase, and the state of charge, the switching state of the valve group is controlled, so that the coolant in the heat management device returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through one of the following: the first heat exchanger 13, the second heat exchanger 25, the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 25, so as to cool the coolant.

[0089] Specifically, in the case that the coolant in the heat management device flows through the first heat exchanger 13 to return to the liquid cooling plate 26, the heat management device cools the energy storage device through the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device; in the case that the coolant in the heat management device flows through the second heat exchanger 25 to return to the liquid cooling plate 26, the heat management device cools the energy storage device through the liquid cooling device; in the case that the coolant in the heat management device flows through the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 25 to return to the liquid cooling plate 26, the heat management device cools the energy storage device through the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and the liquid cooling device.

[0090] ​Through the embodiment, firstly, the liquid level condition in the shell 10 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the working phase of the energy storage equipment and the state of charge are acquired, and then the opening and closing states of the valve group are controlled according to the information, so that the cooling liquid flows through the first heat exchanger 13 back to the liquid cooling plate 26, or flows through the second heat exchanger 25 back to the liquid cooling plate 26, or flows through the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 25 back to the liquid cooling plate 26, to realize the cooling of the energy storage equipment. Through monitoring the liquid level condition in the shell 10, the working phase and the state of charge of the energy storage equipment, the opening and closing states of the valve group are intelligently adjusted, so that the flexible circulation of the cooling liquid between the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and the liquid cooling device is realized, and it is ensured that the cooling liquid can select the most suitable flow path according to the actual cooling demand.

[0091] In some embodiments, at least according to the liquid level condition, the working phase and the state of charge, the opening and closing states of the valve group are controlled, including: in the case that a predetermined condition is met, the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be opened and the second valve 21 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be closed, to supply water into the shell 10 and make the cooling liquid pass through the first heat exchanger 13 back to the liquid cooling plate 26, the predetermined condition including that the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge is less than or equal to a first value; in the case that the predetermined condition is not met, at least the first valve 20 is controlled to be opened, so that the cooling liquid at least passes through the second heat exchanger 25 back to the liquid cooling plate 26.

[0092] In the embodiment, in the case that the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than the second liquid level value, it indicates that the solution in the shell 10 has not reached the saturation state, and the nitrate can still be dissolved and absorbed heat when water is added into the shell 10, that is, the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device has refrigeration capacity at this time. In the case that the energy storage equipment is in the charging phase and the state of charge is small, the heat generated by the energy storage equipment is small, at this time, the second, third and fifth valves 24 are opened, and the other valves are controlled to be in the closed state, so that the heat management equipment only cools the energy storage equipment through the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, which can not only ensure good cooling effect of the energy storage equipment, but also avoid the problem that the power consumption of the heat management equipment is large due to the operation of the liquid cooling device. In the case that the predetermined condition is not met, the opening and closing states of the valve group are controlled, so that the heat management equipment at least cools the energy storage equipment through the liquid cooling device, to ensure safe, efficient operation and long service life of the energy storage equipment.

[0093] In actual application, the first value can be set to a small value. In an exemplary scheme, the first value is set to be less than or equal to 10%. In this way, when the state of charge of the energy storage device is low and the heat dissipation of the energy storage device is small, the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device can be preferentially started to provide cooling capacity, thereby further reducing the overall power consumption of the thermal management device.

[0094] In some embodiments, when the predetermined condition is not met, at least the first valve 20 is controlled to be opened, so that the cooling liquid at least returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25, including: when the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the first value, the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be opened, and the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25; when the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge meets less than or equal to the second value and greater than the first value, or when the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge meets less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be opened, and the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25; when the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be opened, and the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25.

[0095] In the embodiments, when the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, it indicates that the solution in the shell 10 has reached a saturated state or an unsaturated state, and at this time the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device does not have refrigeration capacity. In the case that the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device does not have refrigeration capacity, the energy storage device is in the charging phase, and the state of charge is small, the first and fourth valves 23 are opened, and the other valves are controlled to be closed, so that the thermal management device only cools the energy storage device through the liquid cooling device, to ensure good heat dissipation effect of the energy storage device. When the energy storage device is in the charging phase and the state of charge is large, or when the energy storage device is in the discharging phase and the state of charge is not greater than the second value, at least the first and fourth valves 23 are opened, and the other valves are controlled to be closed, so that the thermal management device at least cools the energy storage device through the liquid cooling device to manage the heat of the energy storage device, thereby avoiding the problem that the temperature rise of the energy storage device is too large to affect the normal function and service life.

[0096] The second value can be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual conditions. In an exemplary embodiment, the second value is 90% to 95%, for example, the second value can be 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, or 95%. Since the cooling effect of the liquid cooling device is better than that of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, by setting the second value in the range, it is ensured that when the state of charge of the energy storage device is high and the heat dissipation of the energy storage device is large, the cooling can be performed at least by the second heat exchanger 25, and the cooling effect of the energy storage device is further ensured.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, in a case where the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than a first value, or in a case where the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be opened and the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25, including: in a case where the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than a first value, or in a case where the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the discharging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, the first valve 20, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be opened, and the second valve 21 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25 and the first heat exchanger 13 in sequence; in a case where the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than a first value, or in a case where the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the discharging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be opened and the second valve 21, the third valve 22, and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25.

[0098] In the embodiment, in the working phase of the charging phase, the state of charge is not greater than the second value and is greater than the first value, or in the working phase of the charging phase, the state of charge is not greater than the second value, if the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device has refrigeration capacity, water is added to the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device by controlling the opening and closing of the valve group, and the cooling liquid sequentially passes through the liquid cooling device, the dissolution heat absorption device, and returns to the liquid cooling plate 26. The dissolution heat absorption device can compensate for the problem of the compression refrigeration equipment 28 of the liquid cooling device, further ensure that the cooling effect on the cooling liquid is good, thereby further ensuring that the cooling liquid can take away more heat from the energy storage device through heat exchange at the liquid cooling plate 26, and further ensuring that the cooling effect on the energy storage device is good. With the increase of the amount of water added to the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, after the liquid level reaches the second liquid level value, the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device no longer has refrigeration capacity. At this time, the opening and closing state of the valve group is changed, so that the thermal management equipment cools the cooling liquid through the liquid cooling device. In the case where the state of charge is greater than the second value, it indicates that the energy storage device is in the late charging and discharging period, at this time, at least the energy storage device is cooled by the liquid cooling device. In this way, the cooling needs of the energy storage device in different working states can be met, and the efficient operation of the thermal management equipment can be ensured, and the cooling efficiency of the thermal management equipment is further ensured to be high.

[0099] In some embodiments, when the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be open and the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25, including: when the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve 20, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be open, and the second valve 21 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25 and the first heat exchanger 13 in turn; when the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve 20 and the fourth valve 23 are controlled to be open and the second valve 21, the third valve 22 and the fifth valve 24 are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate 26 through the second heat exchanger 25. The present technical solution determines whether the current dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device has refrigeration capacity by the liquid level in the shell 10, and when the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device has refrigeration capacity and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device and the liquid cooling device are used to cool the energy storage equipment together, and when the dissolving heat absorption refrigeration device does not have refrigeration capacity and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the liquid cooling device is used to cool the energy storage equipment. The present technical solution can meet the cooling requirements of the energy storage equipment in different working states, and can also ensure the efficient operation of the thermal management equipment.

[0100] According to another optional scheme of the present application, the charging phase is a period of time located in the daytime, the discharging phase is a period of time located in the nighttime, and the method further comprises: when the current time is a daytime time and the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, controlling the electric control condenser 12 of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device to be turned on and the third valve 22 to be closed to evaporate the moisture in the shell 10; when the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, or when the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than the first liquid level value and less than the second liquid level value and the third valve 22 is opened, or when the current time is a nighttime time, controlling the electric control condenser 12 to be turned off. When the current time is a daytime time and the liquid level in the shell 10 is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the reset condition of the nitrate salt solvent in the shell 10 is met, and at this time, the electric control condenser 12 is turned on and the water supply to the shell 10 is stopped to reset the nitrate salt solvent in the shell 10, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device after reset regains the refrigeration capacity. When the liquid level in the shell 10 is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, it indicates that the nitrate salt solvent in the shell 10 reaches a supersaturated state, and the reset is completed. When the current time is a nighttime time, the electric control condenser 12 is turned off to continue the reset of the nitrate salt solvent in the shell 10. Through the scheme, automatic reset control of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is realized, and the environmental adaptability and economy of the thermal management equipment are improved.

[0101] According to still another optional scheme, the method of the present application can further combine weather forecast data to predict the light intensity and duration, and plan the solution reset of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and the dissolution heat absorption period in advance. In other embodiments, the thermal management equipment can further comprise an electric heater, and the method predicts the heat release of the energy storage device throughout the day through machine learning or artificial intelligence technology; takes the total energy consumption of the thermal management equipment as the target, takes the temperature threshold requirement of the energy storage device and the solution reset time of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device as the constraint condition, establishes a target function of the heat release, the working period of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the refrigeration capacity of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the working period of the liquid cooling device, and the refrigeration capacity of the liquid cooling device, and calculates the working period of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and the working period of the liquid cooling device corresponding to the minimum total energy consumption, so as to minimize the energy consumption of the whole thermal management equipment and maximize the thermal management efficiency.

[0102] In still another aspect, the present application further provides an energy storage system, comprising:

[0103] an energy storage device;

[0104] any of the thermal management equipment;

[0105] The control device of the thermal management device includes one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include a program for executing any one of the control methods of the thermal management device.

[0106] Through the embodiments, the energy storage system includes the thermal management device, and the operation of the thermal management device is controlled by the control method, so that the energy storage device is thermally managed. The method can realize the circulation of the cooling liquid between the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device and / or the liquid cooling device through accurate control of the valve group, ensure that the cooling liquid can select the most suitable cooling path according to the working state and state of charge of the energy storage device, improve the cooling efficiency, and reduce the overall energy consumption of the system. This technical solution also solves the problem of single cooling strategy of the traditional thermal management device in dealing with complex working conditions. Through intelligent control of the valve group, adaptive adjustment of the cooling system is realized.

[0107] Specifically, in the energy storage system, the energy storage device, the liquid cooling device of the thermal management device, and the control device can be integrated in a battery cabinet, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the thermal management device can be located outside the battery cabinet and only communicate with the liquid cooling device inside the battery cabinet through the inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger 13, without changing the internal structure of the battery cabinet.

[0108] In some embodiments, the energy storage system is a photovoltaic energy storage system, and the photovoltaic energy storage system further includes a photovoltaic power station electrically connected to the energy storage device, and the photovoltaic power station is used to charge the energy storage device during the day. Specifically, the energy storage device is charged during the day and discharged at night. This technical solution makes full use of solar energy during the day to charge the energy storage device, while effectively controlling the working temperature of the energy storage device, thereby improving the overall efficiency and economic benefit of the energy storage system.

[0109] In order for those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solutions of the present application, the working process of the energy storage system of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0110] In the energy storage system of the present application, the thermal management device includes a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, a liquid cooling device, and a valve group. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device includes a cabinet body provided with a heat preservation material on the outer layer, a serpentine tube heat exchanger located at the bottom of the cabinet body, a liquid level sensor located at the bottom of the cabinet body, a water supply pipe located at the side of the cabinet body, an electric control Fresnel lens located at the top of the cabinet body, and an automatic exhaust valve located at the upper part of the side of the cabinet body. The cabinet body internally stores a mixed solution of 70% ammonium nitrate and 30% sodium nitrate.

[0111] At the end of water supply in the cabinet of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the mixed solution is in a saturated state, and the corresponding liquid level height is h1; at the end of light concentration of the electric control Fresnel lens, the mixed solution is in a supersaturated state, and the corresponding liquid level height is h2, and the liquid level height is about 20 mm above the serpentine tube heat exchanger at this time.

[0112] The dissolution heat absorption process of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is as follows: when heat absorption is needed, the water supply pipe is controlled to be opened and the Fresnel lens is controlled to be closed, water is injected into the cabinet, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate are dissolved, and a large amount of heat is absorbed by ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate in the dissolution process, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid in the serpentine tube heat exchanger is reduced; when the liquid level height rises from h2 to h1, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate are completely dissolved, and the dissolution heat absorption process ends; the solution reset process of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is as follows: when reset is needed, the water supply pipe is controlled to be closed and the Fresnel lens is controlled to be opened, water in the solution is evaporated by using light and the light concentration function of the Fresnel lens, and water vapor is discharged through the automatic exhaust valve; when the liquid level decreases from h1 to h2, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate are reset to a supersaturated state, and part of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate is precipitated, and the Fresnel lens is closed at this time.

[0113] In the heat management device, the connection relationship among the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the liquid cooling device and the valve group is as shown in Figure 2 Figure 2 In the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, the inlet of the serpentine tube heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the plate heat exchanger through the fifth valve door, the outlet of the serpentine tube heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate, the outlet of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the inlet of the water pump, the outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet of the plate heat exchanger through the first valve door, the outlet of the water pump is also connected to the outlet of the plate heat exchanger through the second valve door, the outlet of the plate heat exchanger is directly connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate through the fourth valve door, and the water supply pipe of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device is connected to the condensate water of the battery cabinet dehumidifier or the industrial water supply equipment through the third valve door.

[0114] The heat management device of the present application is used with a photovoltaic power generation and energy storage device. As shown in Figure 4 , the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage device is charged from 10 to 14 o'clock in the daytime and discharged from 20 to 24 o'clock at night. The solution reset process of the solution is performed in the case of light before the charging stage; the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration process of the solution is performed at the beginning of the charging stage, and the cooling liquid is subjected to dissolution heat absorption refrigeration; the solution reset is performed at the middle of the charging stage, and the cooling liquid is subjected to compression refrigeration; the cooling liquid is subjected to compression refrigeration and dissolution heat absorption refrigeration at the end of the charging stage; the solution reset process of the solution is performed in the case of light before the discharging stage; the cooling liquid is subjected to compression refrigeration at the beginning of the discharging stage; and the cooling liquid is subjected to compression refrigeration and dissolution heat absorption refrigeration at the end of the discharging stage.

[0115] The specific working process of the energy storage system can be as follows:

[0116] ​Step S1: In the charging start stage, it is judged whether the liquid level in the cabinet of the solution heat absorption refrigeration device satisfies h2-5mm<liquid level<h2+5mm. If yes, it indicates that the solution heat absorption refrigeration device has refrigeration capacity. At this time, the second, third and fifth valves are opened, and other battery valves are closed. Water is supplied to the cabinet through the third valve. The cooling liquid flowing out of the liquid cooling plate flows through the serpentine tube heat exchanger through the water pump, the second valve and the fifth valve. The solution in the cabinet absorbs heat to cool the cooling liquid. The cooled cooling liquid flows back to the liquid cooling plate. In this process, the cooling liquid does not flow through the plate heat exchanger, that is, the compression refrigeration equipment (including the compressor) does not work.

[0117] Step S2: In the charging stage and after the battery SOC (State of Charge) reaches 10%, the second, third and fifth valves are closed, and the first and fourth valves are opened. The cooling liquid flowing out of the liquid cooling plate is cooled by the water pump and the plate heat exchanger and then returns to the liquid cooling plate. After the battery SOC reaches 10% and before the charging ends, the Fresnel lens is controlled to be opened. After the solution is reset, the Fresnel lens is closed.

[0118] Step S3: In the charging end stage, when the battery SOC reaches 92%, it is judged whether the liquid level in the cabinet satisfies h2-5mm<liquid level<h2+5mm. If yes, the second and fourth valves are closed, and the first, third and fifth valves are opened. Water is supplied to the cabinet through the third valve, that is, the cooling liquid is first cooled by the compression refrigeration equipment, and then further cooled by the solution in the cabinet to make the cooling liquid have a lower temperature. After the battery SOC reaches 100%, all valves are closed. Otherwise, the first and fourth valves are opened, and the cooling liquid is cooled by the compression refrigeration equipment.

[0119] Step S4: In the discharging start stage, the first and fourth valves are opened, and other electromagnetic valves are closed. The cooling liquid is cooled by the compression refrigeration equipment.

[0120] Step S5: In the discharging end stage, when the battery SOC reaches 92%, it is judged whether the liquid level in the cabinet satisfies h2-5mm<liquid level<h2+5mm. If yes, the second and fourth valves are closed, and the first, third and fifth valves are opened. Water is supplied to the cabinet through the third valve, that is, the cooling liquid is first cooled by the compression refrigeration equipment, and then further cooled by the solution in the cabinet to make the cooling liquid have a lower temperature. After the battery SOC reaches 100%, all valves are closed. Otherwise, the first and fourth valves are opened, and the cooling liquid is cooled by the compression refrigeration equipment.

[0121] Any technical features in the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations are described, however, any combination of the technical features is deemed to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0122] From the above description, it can be seen that the embodiments described in the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0123] The present application provides a device for refrigerating energy storage equipment by using the principle of dissolution and heat absorption. The device has a shell in which a nitrate salt solvent is stored. The solvent is immersed in a first heat exchanger. Water is supplied into the shell, so that the nitrate salt reacts with the water to absorb heat, thereby cooling the cooling liquid flowing through the first heat exchanger. An electrically controlled light collector is arranged on the shell. By turning on the electrically controlled light collector, light is focused on the nitrate salt mixed solution in the shell, so that the water in the mixed solution in the shell is evaporated, thereby resetting the nitrate salt solvent. Since the reaction process of the nitrate salt is basically not affected by the environment temperature, the device has strong environmental adaptability. Therefore, the dissolution and heat absorption refrigeration device can realize cyclic refrigeration function, and avoid the problem of unstable refrigeration capacity caused by poor environmental adaptability of the device, thereby ensuring good refrigeration effect of the dissolution and heat absorption refrigeration device.

[0124] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present application, and in actual application, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be limited by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A dissolution heat absorption refrigeration apparatus of an energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device comprises: a shell, a first opening, a second opening, a third opening and a fourth opening are arranged on the shell, the first opening is used for being communicated with a water supply device; an electrically controlled condenser is arranged at the second opening; a first heat exchanger is arranged in the shell, an inlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the third opening, and an outlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the fourth opening; a nitrate salt solvent is stored in the shell, the nitrate salt solvent immerses the first heat exchanger and has a first liquid level value, in the case that water is supplied into the shell and the liquid level in the shell is less than or equal to a second liquid level value, the nitrate salt reacts with water to absorb heat, in the case that the water supply into the shell is stopped and the electrically controlled condenser is started, water in the shell evaporates until the liquid level in the shell decreases to the first liquid level value.

2. The dissolution heat-absorption refrigeration apparatus of an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized by, The nitrate salt solvent comprises ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, and the content of the ammonium nitrate is 60% to 80%, and the content of the sodium nitrate is 20% to 40%.

3. The dissolution heat-absorption refrigeration apparatus of an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrically controlled condenser is an electrically controlled Fresnel lens, the shell is a shell with an open top surface, and the electrically controlled Fresnel lens is arranged at the top surface.

4. The dissolution heat-absorption refrigeration apparatus of an energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shell further has a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, the distance between the first heat exchanger and the bottom surface is less than the distance between the first heat exchanger and the top surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device further comprises: a liquid level sensor arranged on the bottom surface in the shell, the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level in the shell.

5. The dissolution heat-absorption refrigeration apparatus of an energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein The shell further has a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, the shell further has a fifth opening, the distance between the fifth opening and the top surface is less than the distance between the fifth opening and the bottom surface, and the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further comprises: an exhaust valve arranged at the fifth opening, water vapor formed by evaporation is exhausted to outside of the shell through the exhaust valve.

6. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device further comprises: a heat preservation material layer arranged on an outer surface of the shell.

7. The dissolution heat absorption refrigeration apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first heat exchanger is a serpentine tube heat exchanger.

8. A thermal management device, characterized by, The energy storage device comprises: a valve group comprising a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve and a fifth valve; the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, a first opening of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device of the energy storage device is used for being communicated with a water supply device, the third valve is arranged on a pipeline of the first opening and the water supply device; a liquid cooling device comprising a second heat exchanger and a liquid cooling plate, the second heat exchanger comprises a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, the cooling liquid inlet is communicated with an outlet of the liquid cooling plate through the first valve, the outlet of the liquid cooling plate is communicated with an inlet of a first heat exchanger of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device in sequence through the second valve and the fifth valve, the cooling liquid outlet is communicated with the inlet of the first heat exchanger through the fifth valve, and the cooling liquid outlet is further communicated with an inlet of the liquid cooling plate through the fourth valve, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the liquid cooling plate.

9. The thermal management device of claim 8, wherein, The second heat exchanger further comprises a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and the liquid cooling device further comprises: a pump group located on a pipeline connecting an outlet of the liquid cooling plate and an inlet of the second heat exchanger; a compression refrigeration device, an outlet of the compression refrigeration device being in communication with the refrigerant inlet, and an inlet of the compression refrigeration device being in communication with the refrigerant outlet.

10. The thermal management device of claim 8, wherein, The water supply device is a dehumidifier of an energy storage device.

11. The thermal management device of claim 8, wherein, The second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

12. A control method of a thermal management apparatus, characterized by, The thermal management device is the thermal management device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, the liquid cooling plate of the thermal management device is used to contact the energy storage device, and the method comprises: obtaining a liquid level condition in a shell of a dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device, a working phase of the energy storage device, and a state of charge of the energy storage device, the working phase comprising a charging phase and a discharging phase; controlling, according to at least the liquid level condition, the working phase, and the state of charge, an on-off state of the valve group, so that the cooling liquid in the thermal management device returns to the liquid cooling plate through one of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger, to cool the cooling liquid.

13. The control method of the thermal management apparatus according to claim 12, characterized by, controlling, according to at least the liquid level condition, the working phase, and the state of charge, the on-off state of the valve group, comprises: controlling the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to be opened and the second valve and the fourth valve to be closed to supply water into the shell and make the cooling liquid return to the liquid cooling plate through the first heat exchanger when a predetermined condition is met, the predetermined condition comprising that the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge is less than or equal to a first numerical value; controlling at least the first valve to be opened to make the cooling liquid return to the liquid cooling plate through at least the second heat exchanger when the predetermined condition is not met.

14. The control method of the thermal management apparatus according to claim 13, characterized by, controlling at least the first valve to be opened to make the cooling liquid return to the liquid cooling plate through at least the second heat exchanger when the predetermined condition is not met, comprises: controlling the first valve and the fourth valve to be opened and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to be closed to make the cooling liquid return to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger when the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge is less than or equal to the first numerical value; controlling at least the first valve and the fourth valve to be opened and the second valve, the third valve, and the fifth valve to be closed to make the cooling liquid return to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger when the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge meets less than or equal to a second numerical value and is greater than the first numerical value, or when the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge meets less than or equal to the second numerical value; In a case where the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

15. The control method of the thermal management apparatus according to claim 14, wherein In a case where the working phase is the charging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than the first value, or in a case where the working phase is the discharging phase and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger, comprising: In a case where the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than the first value, or in a case where the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value, the working phase is the discharging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, the first valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be open, and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in turn. In a case where the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the charging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to a second value and greater than the first value, or in a case where the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, the working phase is the discharging phase, and the state of charge satisfies less than or equal to the second value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

16. The control method of the thermal management apparatus according to claim 14, wherein In a case where the state of charge is greater than the second value, at least the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger, comprising: In a case where the liquid level in the shell is less than the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be open, and the second valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger in turn. In a case where the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value and the state of charge is greater than the second value, the first valve and the fourth valve are controlled to be open and the second valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are controlled to be closed, so that the cooling liquid returns to the liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchanger.

17. The control method of the thermal management apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized by, The charging phase is a period of time located in the daytime, and the discharging phase is a period of time located in the nighttime, and the method further comprises: when the current time is a daytime time and the liquid level in the shell is greater than or equal to the second liquid level value, controlling the electric control condenser of the dissolution heat absorption refrigeration device to be opened and controlling the third valve to be closed to evaporate the moisture in the shell; controlling the electric control condenser to be closed when the liquid level in the shell is less than or equal to the first liquid level value, or when the liquid level in the shell is greater than the first liquid level value and less than the second liquid level value and the third valve is opened, or when the current time is a nighttime time.

18. The control method of the thermal management apparatus according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized by, The first value is less than or equal to 10%, and the second value is 90% to 95%.

19. An energy storage system characterized by, comprising: an energy storage device: the thermal management device of any one of claims 8 to 11; a control device of the thermal management device, comprising one or more processors, a memory and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs comprise a program for executing the control method of the thermal management device of any one of claims 12 to 18.

20. The energy storage system of claim 19, wherein, The energy storage system is a photovoltaic energy storage system, and the photovoltaic energy storage system further comprises a photovoltaic power station, the photovoltaic power station is electrically connected with the energy storage device, and the photovoltaic power station is used for charging the energy storage device in the daytime.

Images