Detector and testing method for porosity of corn seedling substrate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of corn seedling substrate porosity detection, in particular to a corn seedling substrate porosity detector and a testing method.The corn seedling substrate porosity detector comprises a horizontal box used for detection, a positioning plate and a fixing frame, and the positioning plate and a flow guide plate are fixedly connected to the interior of the horizontal box through the fixing frame; the flow guide plate is connected with a water supply pipe through a drainage hole formed in the flow guide plate, a sectional type sampling unit is placed between the positioning plate and the flow guide plate, and a detachable locking unit is mounted on the inner side of the sectional type sampling unit; the outer side of the flow guide plate is slidably connected with a separation unit, the middle of the upper end of the separation unit is fixedly connected with an electric push rod, and the top end of the moving end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a sealing end cover with a U-shaped cross section. And then the porosity of the sample can be calculated by controlling the sample to be sequentially vacuumized and injected with the deionized water, so that the method is relatively convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of corn seedling culture substrate porosity detection, in particular to a corn seedling culture substrate porosity detector and a testing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The corn seedling culture substrate porosity detector is a special equipment for calculating the substrate porosity, which is used for placing the dried substrate sample into the equipment, and then nitrogen molecules are adsorbed into the pores layer by layer under the condition of vacuum and low temperature, and the total porosity, air permeable porosity, water holding porosity and pore size distribution of the substrate are automatically calculated by measuring the adsorption-desorption isotherm, so as to determine whether the substrate is loose, water retaining and air permeable, and to provide a quantitative basis for preparing high-quality seedling culture substrate.

[0003] During the detection of the corn seedling culture substrate porosity, the corn seedling culture substrate needs to be sampled, and the sample integrity needs to be ensured, and the external part of the sample needs to be modified subsequently, and then the sample is placed into the detection equipment for testing after the modification is completed, which is relatively troublesome. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a corn seedling culture substrate porosity detector and a testing method, so as to solve the problem that the corn seedling culture substrate needs to be sampled during the detection of the corn seedling culture substrate porosity, the sample integrity needs to be ensured, the external part of the sample needs to be modified subsequently, and the sample is placed into the detection equipment for testing after the modification is completed, which is relatively troublesome.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A corn seedling culture substrate porosity detector and a testing method, which comprises a horizontal box for detection, a positioning plate and a fixing frame, the positioning plate and the guide plate are fixedly connected inside the horizontal box through the fixing frame, the guide plate is connected with the water supply pipe through the drainage hole opened in the inside, the segmented sampling unit is placed between the positioning plate and the guide plate, and the detachable locking unit is installed on the inside of the segmented sampling unit; the separation unit is slidably connected to the outside of the guide plate, the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the moving end of the electric push rod, the sealing end cover with a U-shaped cross section is fixedly connected to the top of the electric push rod, and the vacuum pipe is installed on one side of the top of the sealing end cover; the segmented sampling unit comprises the first column shell, the second column shell and the third column shell which are stacked from top to bottom, and the sealing gasket is installed on the lower end of the first column shell, the upper and lower ends of the second column shell and the upper end of the third column shell; the separation unit comprises a separation frame, the upper circular hole is opened in the upper end of the separation frame, the electronic scale is installed on the lower end of the separation frame, and the separation groove is opened in one side of the separation frame.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: the first column shell comprises an upper end column shell, the upper end column shell is provided with a first vertical hole on the inner side of both ends; the second column shell comprises a middle column shell, the middle column shell is provided with a second vertical hole on the inner side of both ends, and a communication hole adapted to the drain hole is provided on one side of the middle column shell; the third column shell comprises a bottom column shell, the bottom column shell is provided with a third vertical hole on the inner side of both ends, and a spherical clamping hole communicating with the third vertical hole is provided at the lower end of the third vertical hole.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: a plurality of sealing gaskets are provided, the sealing gaskets are arranged in a ring shape, and the sealing gaskets are installed in the first column shell, the second column shell and the third column shell in an embedded manner; the outer edge of the bottom end of the third column shell is arranged in an arc shape.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: the locking unit comprises a hollow frame arranged in a U shape, air bag columns communicating with the inside of the hollow frame are installed on both sides of the upper end of the hollow frame, and rubber balls communicating with the inside of the hollow frame are installed on the lower side of both ends of the hollow frame.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: the hollow frame communicates with the first vertical hole, the second vertical hole and the third vertical hole at both ends respectively, and the rubber ball is adapted between the spherical clamping hole provided in the inside of the bottom column shell.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: a water pump is connected to the water inlet end of the water supply pipe, an electronic valve is installed in the inside of the drain end of the drain hole, and a vacuum pump is installed at the top end of the vacuum pipe.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: the separation frame is in a U shape, and a separation groove provided in the inside of the separation frame is adapted to the edge of the middle column shell.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: a fixed curved plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the separation unit, parallel guide rods are slidingly connected to both sides of the upper end of the fixed curved plate, the guide rods are fixedly connected between the bottom end and the sealing end cover, one end of the separation frame provided in the inside of the separation unit is fixedly connected to the moving end of the hydraulic push rod, and the fixed end of the hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to the horizontal tank.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present application, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: sampling the corn seedling substrate by the sectional sampling unit;

[0016] Step 2: placing the sectional sampling unit of the sampled corn seedling substrate between the positioning plate and the flow guide plate;

[0017] After the placement is completed, the locking unit is taken out from the segmented sampling unit, and the hydraulic push rod is controlled to drive the separation frame to move to the direction of the positioning plate, after the upper circular hole opened at the upper end of the separation frame and the electronic scale installed at the bottom are aligned with the second column shell, the hydraulic push rod stops running, at this time, the corn seedling substrate in the second column shell is weighed by the electronic scale, and the weight is recorded as m;

[0018] Step 3: Control the electric push rod to drive the sealing end cover to move downward, and seal the upper end and the lower end of the middle column shell, after the sealing is completed, start the vacuum pump to vacuumize the inside of the middle shell, after the vacuum extraction is completed, open the electronic valve, and start the water pump to inject deionized water into the inside of the middle column shell through the water supply pipe, the drainage hole and the communication hole until the deionized water and the corn seedling substrate are completely saturated;

[0019] The electric push rod is controlled again to drive the sealing end cover to reset, and then the electronic scale is used to weigh the saturated corn seedling substrate again, and the weight is recorded as m1;

[0020] Step 4: The mass increase of water in the void is obtained according to the initial weight m of the corn seedling substrate and the weight m1 of the corn seedling substrate after being saturated with deionized water, and then the porosity data of the corn seedling substrate is obtained according to the volume of the corn seedling substrate.

[0021] As a further optimization of the application, wherein: the process of sampling the corn seedling substrate by the segmented sampling unit is as follows:

[0022] Step 11: Squeeze the air bag column to make the rubber ball completely fit the inner wall of the spherical clamping hole, so that the first column shell, the second column shell and the third column shell are stably stacked together, and then the corn seedling substrate is inserted for sampling;

[0023] Step 12: After the sampling is completed, the segmented sampling unit is placed in the horizontal box, the air bag column is loosened, and then the locking unit is taken out from the segmented sampling unit.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0025] In the application, the sample after sampling is placed in the test position by the segmented sampling unit and the separation unit, the sample is automatically modified by controlling the separation unit to run, and then the porosity of the sample is calculated after the sample is sequentially vacuumized and injected with deionized water, which is more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage hole opening position of the application;

[0028] Figure 3 Structure diagram of segmented sampling unit of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 Structure diagram of enlarged view of A in the present application Figure 3

[0030] Figure 5 Structure diagram of enlarged view of B in the present application Figure 3

[0031] Figure 6 Structure diagram of lock unit of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 Structure diagram of separation unit of the present application.

[0033] In the figure: 1, horizontal tank; 2, positioning plate; 3, fixed frame; 4, water supply pipe; 5, flow guide plate;

[0034] 6, segmented sampling unit;

[0035] 61, first column shell; 611, upper end column shell; 612, first vertical hole;

[0036] 62, second column shell; 621, middle column shell; 622, second vertical hole; 623, communication hole;

[0037] 63, third column shell; 631, bottom column shell; 632, third vertical hole; 633, spherical clamping hole;

[0038] 64, sealing gasket;

[0039] 7, lock unit; 71, hollow frame; 72, air bag column; 73, rubber ball;

[0040] 8, vacuum pipe; 9, fixed bent plate; 10, electric push rod; 11, guide rod; 12, sealing end cover;

[0041] 13, separation unit; 131, separation frame; 132, upper circular hole; 133, electronic scale; 134, separation groove;

[0042] 14, hydraulic push rod; 15, drainage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-7 , the present application provides a technical solution:

[0044] ​​The utility model provides a kind of corn seedling substrate porosity detector and test method, including the horizontal box 1 for detection, positioning plate 2 and fixing frame 3, positioning plate 2 and flow guide plate 5 are fixedly connected in horizontal box 1 inside by fixing frame 3, flow guide plate 5 is connected with water supply pipe 4 by the drainage hole 15 opened in inside, positioning plate 2 and flow guide plate 5 between place segmented sampling unit 6, detachable locking unit 7 is installed in segmented sampling unit 6 inside;Flow guide plate 5 outside is slidably connected with separation unit 13, the middle of separation unit 13 upper end is fixedly connected with electric push rod 10, the top of electric push rod 10 moving end is fixedly connected with the sealing end cap 12 of the cross section of U type, the sealing end cap 12 upper end one side is equipped with vacuum pump 8;Segmented sampling unit 6 includes first column shell 61, second column shell 62 and third column shell 63 that are placed in order from top to bottom, and the sealing gasket 64 is installed in the lower end of first column shell 61, the upper and lower ends of second column shell 62, the upper end of third column shell 63;Separation unit 13 includes separation frame 131, and the upper part circular hole 132 is opened in the upper end of separation frame 131, and the electronic scale 133 is installed in the lower end of separation frame 131, and the separation groove 134 is opened in one side of separation frame 131.

[0045] As a further embodiment of the present scheme, the first column shell 61 includes an upper end column shell 611, and first vertical holes 612 are formed in the inner sides of both ends of the upper end column shell 611. The second column shell 62 includes a middle column shell 621, and second vertical holes 622 are formed in the inner sides of both ends of the middle column shell 621. A communication hole 623 is formed in one side of the middle column shell 621, which is adapted to the drainage hole 15. The third column shell 63 includes a bottom column shell 631, and third vertical holes 632 are formed in the inner sides of both ends of the bottom column shell 631. A spherical clamping hole 633 is formed in the lower end of the third vertical hole 632, which is in communication with the third vertical hole 632. Through the above arrangement, only the samples inside the middle column shell 621 can be taken for detection, and the problem of incomplete samples on the upper end column shell 611 and the lower end of the bottom column shell 631 can be avoided.

[0046] As a further embodiment of the present scheme, the sealing gasket 64 is provided in multiple numbers, and is arranged in an annular shape. The sealing gasket 64 is installed in the interiors of the first column shell 61, the second column shell 62 and the third column shell 63 in an embedded manner. The outer edge of the bottom end of the third column shell 63 is arranged in an arc shape. Through the above arrangement, the sealing effect between the first column shell 61, the second column shell 62 and the third column shell 63 can be ensured during the process of taking samples.

[0047] As a further embodiment of the present scheme, the locking unit 7 includes a hollow frame 71 arranged in a U shape. Air bag columns 72 in communication with the interiors of the hollow frame 71 are installed on both sides of the upper end of the hollow frame 71. Rubber balls 73 in communication with the interiors of the hollow frame 71 are installed on both lower sides of both ends of the hollow frame 71. Through the above arrangement, the first column shell 61, the second column shell 62 and the third column shell 63 can be stably connected together.

[0048] As a further implementation of the present scheme, the hollow frame 71 is in communication with the first vertical hole 612, the second vertical hole 622 and the third vertical hole 632 at both ends, and the rubber ball 73 is adapted to the spherical clamping hole 633 formed in the inside of the bottom column shell 631, so that the stability of the connection between the segmented sampling unit 6 and the locking unit 7 can be ensured;

[0049] As a further implementation of the present scheme, the water inlet end of the water supply pipe 4 is connected with a water pump, the inside of the water outlet end of the drain hole 15 is provided with an electronic valve, and the top end of the vacuum pipe 8 is provided with a vacuum pump, so that the deionized water and vacuum can be stably provided;

[0050] As a further implementation of the present scheme, the separation frame 131 is U-shaped, and the separation groove 134 formed in the inside of the separation frame 131 is adapted to the edge of the middle column shell 621, so that the first column shell 61, the second column shell 62 and the third column shell 63 can be stably separated;

[0051] As a further implementation of the present scheme, the separation unit 13 is fixedly connected with the fixed bent plate 9 at the upper end, the fixed bent plate 9 is slidably connected with the guide rods 11 arranged in parallel at both sides of the upper end, the guide rods 11 are fixedly connected between the bottom end and the sealing end cover 12, one end of the separation frame 131 arranged in the separation unit 13 is fixedly connected with the moving end of the hydraulic push rod 14, and the fixed end of the hydraulic push rod 14 is fixedly connected with the horizontal box 1, so that the stability of the up-down movement of the sealing end cover 12 can be further ensured;

[0052] As a further implementation of the present scheme, the following steps are included:

[0053] Step 1: sampling the corn seedling substrate by the segmented sampling unit 6;

[0054] Step 2: placing the segmented sampling unit 6 of the sampled corn seedling substrate between the positioning plate 2 and the flow guide plate 5;

[0055] After the placement is completed, the locking unit 7 is taken out from the segmented sampling unit 6, and the hydraulic push rod 14 drives the separation frame 131 to move towards the positioning plate 2, the upper circular hole 132 formed in the upper end of the separation frame 131 and the electronic scale 133 fixedly installed at the bottom are aligned with the second column shell 62, and then the hydraulic push rod 14 stops running, at this time, the corn seedling substrate in the second column shell 63 is weighed by the electronic scale 133, and the weight is recorded as m;

[0056] Step 3: Control the electric push rod 10 to drive the sealing end cover 12 to move downward and seal the upper end and the lower end of the intermediate cylinder shell 621. After the sealing is completed, start the vacuum pump to extract the vacuum inside the intermediate shell 621, and the pressure in the cavity is reduced to 5kPa, maintained for 5min. After the vacuum extraction is completed, open the electronic valve and start the water pump to inject deionized water into the intermediate cylinder shell 621 through the water supply pipe 4, the drain hole 15 and the communication hole 623 until the deionized water and the corn seedling substrate are completely saturated;

[0057] Again, control the electric push rod 10 to drive the sealing end cover 12 to reset, and then weigh the saturated corn seedling substrate again through the electronic scale 133, which is denoted as m1;

[0058] Step 4: Obtain the mass increase of water in the void by the initial weight m of the corn seedling substrate and the weight m1 of the corn seedling substrate saturated with deionized water, and then obtain the porosity data of the corn seedling substrate according to the volume of the corn seedling substrate;

[0059] The calculation formula of the volume V of water in the second cylinder shell 62 is:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, ρ is the density of deionized water;

[0062] The calculation formula of the total volume V0 of the sample is:

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, D is the inner diameter of the second cylinder shell 62 (the diameter of the sample to be detected), and H is the height of the second cylinder shell 62 (the sample to be detected);

[0065] Finally, calculate the porosity ε of the test block according to the volume V of water in the second cylinder shell 62 and the total volume V0 of the sample. The calculation formula of the porosity ε is:

[0066]

[0067] As a further implementation of the technical scheme, the sampling process of the segmented sampling unit 6 on the corn seedling substrate is as follows:

[0068] Step 11: Squeeze the air bag column 72 to make the rubber ball 13 completely fit the inner wall of the spherical clamping hole 633, so that the first cylinder shell 61, the second cylinder shell 62 and the third cylinder shell 63 are stably stacked together, and then inserted into the corn seedling substrate for sampling;

[0069] Step 12: After the segmented sampling unit 6 is placed in the horizontal box 1, the air bag column 72 is loosened, and then the locking unit 7 is taken out from the segmented sampling unit 6.

[0070] The principles and implementations of the present application are described herein with specific examples. The above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitation of language expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures, and for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, some improvements, refinements or changes can be made, or the above technical features can be combined in an appropriate manner. The improvements, refinements, changes or combinations, or the application of the concept and technical solution of the present application to other fields without improvement, shall be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A corn seedling culture substrate porosity detector, comprising a horizontal box (1) for detection, a positioning plate (2) and a fixing frame (3), characterized in that: The horizontal tank (1) is internally fixedly connected with a positioning plate (2) and a guide plate (5) through a fixing frame (3), the guide plate (5) is connected with a water supply pipe (4) through a drainage hole (15) internally opened, the positioning plate (2) and the guide plate (5) are placed with a segmented sampling unit (6), and the segmented sampling unit (6) is internally mounted with a detachable locking unit (7). The guide plate (5) is slidably connected with a separation unit (13) on the outside, the separation unit (13) is fixedly connected with an electric push rod (10) at the upper end, the movable end of the electric push rod (10) is fixedly connected with a sealing end cover (12) with a U-shaped cross section, and the sealing end cover (12) is mounted with a vacuum pump (8) on one side of the upper end. The segmented sampling unit (6) comprises a first column shell (61), a second column shell (62) and a third column shell (63) stacked from top to bottom, and the first column shell (61), the second column shell (62) and the third column shell (63) are all mounted with sealing pads (64) at the lower end, the upper and lower ends and the upper end respectively. The separation unit (13) comprises a separation frame (131), the upper end of the separation frame (131) is provided with an upper circular hole (132), the lower end of the separation frame (131) is mounted with an electronic scale (133), and one side of the separation frame (131) is provided with a separation groove (134).

2. The corn seedling raising substrate porosity detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first column shell (61) comprises an upper end column shell (611), and first vertical holes (612) are formed in the inner sides of both ends of the upper end column shell (611); The second column shell (62) comprises a middle column shell (621), and second vertical holes (622) are formed in the inner sides of both ends of the middle column shell (621), and a communication hole (623) matched with the drainage hole (15) is formed in one side of the middle column shell (621); The third column shell (63) comprises a bottom column shell (631), and third vertical holes (632) are formed in the inner sides of both ends of the bottom column shell (631), and a spherical clamping hole (633) communicated with the third vertical holes (632) is formed at the lower end of the third vertical holes (632).

3. The corn seedling substrate porosity detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sealing pads (64) are arranged in a ring shape, and the sealing pads (64) are embedded in the interiors of the first column shell (61), the second column shell (62) and the third column shell (63), and the bottom end of the third column shell (63) is arranged in an arc shape.

4. The corn seedling substrate porosity detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking unit (7) comprises a U-shaped hollow frame (71), air bag columns (72) communicated with the interiors of the hollow frame (71) are mounted on both sides of the upper end of the hollow frame (71), and rubber balls (73) communicated with the interiors of the hollow frame (71) are mounted on the lower sides of both ends of the hollow frame (71).

5. The corn seedling substrate porosity detector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hollow frame (71) is communicated with the first vertical holes (612), the second vertical holes (622) and the third vertical holes (632) at both ends respectively, and the rubber balls (73) are matched with the spherical clamping holes (633) formed in the interior of the bottom column shell (631).

6. The corn seedling substrate porosity detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet end of the water supply pipe (4) is connected with a water pump, the drainage end of the drainage hole (15) is internally mounted with an electronic valve, and the top end of the vacuum pump (8) is mounted with a vacuum pump.

7. The corn seedling substrate porosity detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation frame (131) is U-shaped, and a separation groove (134) formed in the inside of the separation frame (131) is matched with the edge of the middle column shell (621).

8. The corn seedling substrate porosity detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the separation unit (13) is fixedly connected with a fixed bent plate (9), the upper end of the fixed bent plate (9) is slidably connected with guide rods (11) arranged in parallel on both sides, the bottom end of the guide rod (11) is fixedly connected with the sealing end cover (12), one end of the separation frame (131) arranged in the separation unit (13) is fixedly connected with the moving end of the hydraulic push rod (14), and the fixed end of the hydraulic push rod (14) is fixedly connected with the horizontal box (1).

9. A method for testing the porosity of a corn seedling substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: sampling the corn seedling substrate through the sectional sampling unit (6); Step 2: placing the sectional sampling unit (6) of the sampled corn seedling substrate between the positioning plate (2) and the flow guide plate (5); After the placement is completed, the locking unit (7) is taken out from the sectional sampling unit (6), the hydraulic push rod (14) is controlled to drive the separation frame (131) to move towards the positioning plate (2), the upper circular hole (132) formed in the upper end of the separation frame (131) and the electronic scale (133) installed at the bottom are aligned with the second column shell (62), then the hydraulic push rod (14) stops running, at this time, the corn seedling substrate in the second column shell (63) is weighed through the electronic scale (133), and the weight is recorded as m; Step 3: controlling the electric push rod (10) to drive the sealing end cover (12) to move downwards and seal the upper end and the lower end of the middle column shell (621), after the sealing is completed, starting the vacuum pump to vacuumize the inside of the middle shell (621), after the vacuumization is completed, opening the electronic valve and starting the water pump to inject deionized water into the inside of the middle column shell (621) through the water supply pipe (4), the drainage hole (15) and the communication hole (623) until the deionized water and the corn seedling substrate are completely saturated; Controlling the electric push rod (10) to drive the sealing end cover (12) to reset, then weighing the saturated corn seedling substrate again through the electronic scale (133), and recording the weight as m1; Step 4: obtaining the mass increase of water in the void by the initial weight m of the corn seedling substrate and the weight m1 of the corn seedling substrate after being saturated with deionized water, and then obtaining the porosity data of the corn seedling substrate according to the volume of the corn seedling substrate.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein: The process of sampling the corn seedling substrate by the sectional sampling unit (6) is as follows: Step 11: extruding the air bag column (72) to make the rubber ball (13) completely fit the inner wall of the spherical clamping hole (633), so that the first column shell (61), the second column shell (62) and the third column shell (63) are stably stacked together, and then the sectional sampling unit (6) is inserted into the corn seedling substrate for sampling; Step 12: after the sectional sampling unit (6) after sampling is placed in the horizontal box (1), the extrusion of the air bag column (72) is released, and then the locking unit (7) is taken out from the sectional sampling unit (6) as a whole.

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