Plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-crushing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-crushing device, which relates to the technical field of plant tissue crushing, and comprises a conical grinding bin and a conical spiral track mounted in the conical grinding bin, the grinding ball assembly slides in a manner of being attached to the inner wall of the conical grinding bin, gradually increases the grinding force from top to bottom and can automatically switch forms at the bottom and the top of the conical grinding bin, and the driving rod slides in a reciprocating manner along the conical spiral track and is used for being connected with the grinding ball assembly. A sucking pump used for forming negative pressure in the conical grinding bin is installed on one side of the discharging bin, the grinding ball assembly is guided through the conical spiral track to gradually increase the grinding force from top to bottom, the grinding ball assembly automatically switches the spherical form and the clamping jaw form and is attached to the bin wall to complete integration of grinding, bin cleaning and shearing, the utilization rate is increased, and the grinding efficiency is improved. And a sucking pump is additionally arranged to absorb and collect the ground materials in time, and residues are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant tissue pulverization technology, specifically to a low-temperature micro-pulverization device for plant hard tissues. Background Technology

[0002] Plant tissues, especially hard tissues such as woody stems, roots, seeds, and fruit shells, typically have a dense cellular structure and high mechanical strength. Their main components include cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and active ingredients encapsulated within the cells (such as polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and volatile oils). In fields such as biomedicine, natural product extraction, food processing, agricultural testing, and molecular biology research, it is often necessary to effectively break down these plant hard tissues to release their internal active substances or facilitate subsequent analysis and utilization. Traditional pulverization methods, such as ordinary high-speed pulverizers and ball mills, have some drawbacks when processing trace amounts or heat-sensitive plant tissues. Due to the high toughness and hardness of plant hard tissues, conventional equipment is difficult to achieve sufficient and uniform fine pulverization, especially when the sample amount is small, resulting in low pulverization efficiency and a lot of residue. In addition, traditional grinding equipment suffers from severe material residue adhering to the walls. After the material adheres to the chamber wall, it is easily ground repeatedly, resulting in severe adhesion to the inner wall of the grinding chamber. Traditional cleaning methods can only perform simple scraping and cleaning, and cannot carry out further centralized collection and processing, resulting in low overall crushing efficiency and excessive material waste.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative design based on the existing crushing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different solution. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide a low-temperature micro-pulverization device for plant hard tissues, thereby solving the problems of severe material adhesion to the grinding chamber, low pulverization efficiency, and excessive residue that often occur in traditional pulverization devices mentioned in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-temperature micro-pulverization device for plant hard tissues, comprising a conical grinding chamber, a conical spiral track installed inside the conical grinding chamber, a grinding ball assembly that slides against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber and gradually increases the grinding force from top to bottom and can automatically switch its shape at the bottom and top of the conical grinding chamber, and a drive rod that slides back and forth along the conical spiral track to connect the grinding ball assembly. A feeding chamber is installed at the bottom of the conical grinding chamber, and a vacuum pump is installed on one side of the feeding chamber to create a negative pressure inside the conical grinding chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the grinding ball assembly includes a positioning sleeve and an inner sleeve that slides along the inner wall of the positioning sleeve. The positioning sleeve has a plurality of arc-shaped clips distributed at equal angular intervals around its circumference, and each arc-shaped clip has a plurality of grinding balls embedded on its surface. A first spring is sleeved at one end of the inner sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, each of the arc-shaped clips has a connecting rod rotatably connected to its inner wall. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the surface of the inner sleeve. The circumference of the positioning sleeve is provided with a number of strip-shaped openings for the connecting rod to slide, and the strip-shaped openings are distributed one-to-one with the connecting rods. By sliding the inner sleeve along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve, the arc-shaped clips can be expanded or retracted, accompanied by the compression or reset of the first spring.

[0008] Preferably, a sliding block that slides along a conical spiral track is fixedly connected to one end surface of the drive rod, and a connecting block is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block. The top of the connecting block is rotatably connected to the positioning sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the conical grinding chamber is rotatably connected to a main shaft, and the conical grinding chamber, the conical spiral track, and the main shaft are coaxially arranged. The taper of the conical spiral track is different from the taper of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber. The gap between the conical spiral track and the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber gradually decreases downward along the axial direction. Both ends of the conical spiral track are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the main shaft is externally slidably connected to a limiting ring, and the surface of the main shaft is provided with a through groove for the drive rod to slide. One end of the drive rod passes through the main shaft and the limiting ring. By rotating the main shaft, the drive rod and the limiting ring rotate synchronously, further driving the grinding ball assembly to slide against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber.

[0011] Preferably, a U-shaped locking rod is slidably connected to the bottom of the connecting block, a second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of one end of the U-shaped locking rod, the bottom of the inner sleeve is provided with an inclined slide, and the inner wall of the slide is provided with a locking hole, and the other end of the U-shaped locking rod is connected to the locking hole by an insertion method.

[0012] Preferably, a first lever is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conical spiral track, one end of the first lever is slidably connected to the U-shaped locking lever, and a second lever is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber, with the second lever tilted upward.

[0013] Preferably, a filter plate is provided between the conical grinding chamber and the feeding chamber, the filter plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber, and the feeding chamber and the conical grinding chamber are connected by a sliding connection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By installing a conical spiral track inside the conical grinding chamber, the conical spiral track is coaxially set with the conical grinding chamber and the main shaft, but the track taper is different from the taper of the inner wall of the grinding chamber. The gap between the two gradually decreases downward along the axial direction. When the drive rod slides along the track through the sliding block, it drives the grinding ball assembly to shrink into the chamber synchronously, so that the extrusion pressure on the material increases from top to bottom, which is suitable for the crushing needs of plant hard tissue from block to micron-level powder. In addition, the grinding ball assembly can automatically switch between the bottom and top of the conical grinding chamber. By expanding and retracting the arc-shaped clamps, it can achieve coordinated grinding and cleaning operations. During the grinding stage, the arc-shaped clamps close and take on a spherical shape to perform gradient crushing of the material. During the cleaning stage, the arc-shaped clamps expand and switch to a claw shape to clean the material that is tightly adhered to the inner wall of the grinding chamber. It automatically scrapes the material away from the inner wall, avoiding repeated grinding and eventual failure to be adsorbed and picked up, thus avoiding material waste. Whether the spherical shape is closed or the claws are expanded, the arc-shaped clamps always fit tightly against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber to avoid material residue. When the arc-shaped clamps are closed, the material remaining in the inner cavity and the gaps of the arc-shaped clamps is further sheared, realizing an integrated operation of grinding, cleaning and shearing. Repeated operation can crush the material more thoroughly. In addition, the U-shaped locking rod is used as the main core locking component. On the one hand, it is used to limit the inner sleeve, and on the other hand, it is used to limit the unfolded arc-shaped clamping piece. The two ends of the U-shaped locking rod are inserted into the locking holes of the connecting block and the inner sleeve, respectively. By moving the U-shaped locking rod with the first lever, the arc-shaped clamping piece automatically unfolds when it slides to the bottom. Then, by pressing the arc-shaped clamping piece with the second lever, the arc-shaped clamping piece automatically closes at the top. The U-shaped locking rod can also press the unfolded arc-shaped clamping piece in the opposite direction under the action of the second spring, so that it can slide against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber during the upward movement, so as to peel off the bonded material more thoroughly and improve the overall utilization rate. Furthermore, an air pump is installed on one side of the feeding hopper to create a negative pressure environment inside the grinding chamber. This negative pressure adsorbs the crushed material, allowing for timely collection of the pulverized sample and reducing sample residue on the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber. The pulverized material is then compressed against the outer wall of the conical grinding chamber using atmospheric pressure, resulting in a tighter connection between the conical grinding chamber shell and the top sealing cap. This effectively prevents particle diffusion during the pulverization process and helps maintain the stability of the low-temperature sealed environment, effectively protecting the active ingredients of the sample. It also achieves high-precision micro-pulverization, making it suitable for the fine processing needs of precious plant samples in scientific research experiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the conical grinding chamber of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conical spiral track and grinding ball assembly structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the arc-shaped clamp and the second lever after the invention is unfolded.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc-shaped clamp and the first lever after the present invention is closed.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top and bottom structures of the arc-shaped clip of the present invention after it is unfolded.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arc-shaped clip of the present invention after it is closed.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the positioning sleeve, inner sleeve, and U-shaped locking rod of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the inner sleeve, lock hole, and U-shaped locking rod structure of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Conical grinding chamber; 2. Conical spiral track; 3. Grinding ball assembly; 301. Positioning sleeve; 302. Inner sleeve; 303. Arc-shaped clamp; 304. First spring; 305. Connecting rod; 306. Grinding balls; 307. Strip opening; 308. Locking hole; 4. Drive rod; 401. Sliding block; 402. Connecting block; 403. U-shaped locking rod; 404. Second spring; 5. Feeding bin; 6. Air pump; 7. Main shaft; 8. Limiting ring; 9. First lever; 10. Second lever; 11. Filter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 9The present invention provides a technical solution: a low-temperature micro-pulverization device for plant hard tissue, including a conical grinding chamber 1, and a conical spiral track 2 installed inside the conical grinding chamber 1, and a grinding ball assembly 3 that slides against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 and gradually increases the grinding force from top to bottom and can automatically switch the shape at the bottom and top of the conical grinding chamber 1, and a drive rod 4 that slides back and forth along the conical spiral track 2 to connect the grinding ball assembly 3. A feeding chamber 5 is installed at the bottom of the conical grinding chamber 1, and a vacuum pump 6 is installed on one side of the feeding chamber 5 to create a negative pressure inside the conical grinding chamber 1. By installing a conical spiral track 2 inside the conical grinding chamber 1, a movement path is provided for the grinding ball assembly 3. The grinding ball assembly 3 can slide against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, so that the extrusion pressure on the material gradually increases from top to bottom, which is suitable for the crushing needs of plant hard tissue from block to micron-sized powder.

[0027] In addition, the grinding ball assembly 3 can automatically switch its form at the bottom and top of the conical grinding chamber 1 to achieve coordinated grinding and cleaning operations. During the grinding stage, it is in a spherical form to perform gradient crushing of the material. During the cleaning stage, it switches to a claw form to clean the material that is tightly adhered to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 and automatically scrapes it off the inner wall to avoid repeated grinding and eventual failure to be adsorbed and picked up, resulting in material waste. Moreover, whether the spherical shape is closed or the claw is extended, the arc-shaped clamping plate 303 always fits tightly against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 to avoid material residue. Furthermore, an air pump 6 is installed on one side of the feeding hopper 5 to create a negative pressure environment inside the grinding chamber. The negative pressure adsorbs the crushed material, allowing for timely collection of the pulverized sample and reducing sample residue on the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. The pulverized material is then compressed against the outer wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 using atmospheric pressure, resulting in a tighter connection between the shell of the conical grinding chamber 1 and the top sealing cover. This effectively prevents the diffusion of particles during the pulverization process and helps maintain the stability of the low-temperature sealed environment, effectively protecting the active ingredients of the sample. At the same time, it achieves high-precision micro-pulverization, which is suitable for the fine processing needs of precious plant samples in scientific research experiments.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the grinding ball assembly 3 includes a positioning sleeve 301 and an inner sleeve 302 that slides along the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 301. The positioning sleeve 301 has a number of arc-shaped clips 303 distributed at equal angles around its perimeter, and each arc-shaped clip 303 has a number of grinding balls 306 embedded on its surface. One end of the inner sleeve 302 is fitted with a first spring 304. Each arc-shaped clamp 303 has a connecting rod 305 rotatably connected to its inner wall. One end of the connecting rod 305 is rotatably connected to the surface of the inner sleeve 302. The circumference of the positioning sleeve 301 is provided with several strip-shaped openings 307 for the connecting rod 305 to slide. The strip-shaped openings 307 are distributed one-to-one with the connecting rod 305. The inner sleeve 302 slides along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve 301, so that several arc-shaped clamps 303 can expand or contract, accompanied by the compression or reset of the first spring 304. It should be noted that the grinding ball assembly 3 is driven by the drive rod 4 and slides against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, specifically in two working stages: Grinding stage: When the grinding ball assembly 3 slides down the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, the inner sleeve 302 is located in the lower part of the middle of the positioning sleeve 301. Under the pull of each connecting rod 305, all the arc-shaped clamps 303 are in a closed state. The first spring 304 is compressed. The closed arc-shaped clamps 303 form a grinding ball. During the downward sliding process, the closed arc-shaped clamps 303 gradually shrink inward along the inner wall of the conical spiral chamber, squeezing and grinding the material. The spherical structure rolls and grinds the hard plant tissue in the conical grinding chamber 1 with the downward movement. The rolling of the grinding ball 306 can enhance the grinding effect. Cleaning Phase: After the grinding ball assembly 3 completes its downward grinding, the inner sleeve 302 slides backward along the positioning sleeve 301. All the arc-shaped clamping pieces 303 are pulled again by the connecting rod 305. At this time, all the arc-shaped clamping pieces 303 are fully extended and change their form at the bottom of the conical grinding chamber 1, changing from the original spherical grinding form to a claw form. Driven by the drive rod 4, the claw-shaped grinding ball assembly 3 begins to slide from bottom to top against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, and gradually expands outward against the inner wall of the conical spiral chamber during the sliding process. During the upward movement of the unfolded arc-shaped clamping plate 303, the material adhering to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 with its sharp edge is removed, and the remaining material in the gaps is slowly pushed into the inner cavity, realizing the self-cleaning of the inner wall. When the arc-shaped clamping plate 303 moves to the top, the clamping claw form switches back to the spherical grinding form. When the arc-shaped clamping plate 303 closes, the material remaining in its inner cavity and the gaps of the arc-shaped clamping plate is further sheared, realizing the integrated operation of grinding, cleaning and shearing. Repeated operation makes the material more thoroughly crushed. In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, whether the spherical shape is closed or the gripper is extended, the arc-shaped clamping plate 303 always fits tightly against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, solving the problem of material residue on the wall in traditional grinding equipment. The downward stage realizes the gradient grinding of plant hard tissues, and the upward stage simultaneously completes the cleaning of the inner wall. There is no need to set up a separate cleaning mechanism, which shortens the cycle of a single crushing operation. Furthermore, the grinding balls 306 embedded on the outer side of the arc-shaped clamping plate 303 not only enhance the shearing effect of downward grinding but also reduce the wear on the inner wall when the clamping jaws scrape upward. The change from sliding contact to rolling contact reduces frictional resistance and extends the service life of the conical grinding chamber 1 and the grinding ball assembly 3. In this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a sliding block 401 that slides along the conical spiral track 2 is fixedly connected to one end surface of the drive rod 4. A connecting block 402 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block 401. The top of the connecting block 402 is rotatably connected to the positioning sleeve 301. The conical grinding chamber 1 is rotatably connected to a main shaft 7. The conical grinding chamber 1, the conical spiral track 2, and the main shaft 7 are coaxially arranged. The taper of the conical spiral track 2 is different from the taper of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. The gap between the conical spiral track 2 and the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 gradually decreases downward along the axial direction. Both ends of the conical spiral track 2 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. The main shaft 7 is externally connected to a limiting ring 8, and the surface of the main shaft 7 is provided with a through groove for the drive rod 4 to slide. One end of the drive rod 4 passes through the main shaft 7 and the limiting ring 8. The main shaft 7 is rotated so that the drive rod 4 and the limiting ring 8 rotate synchronously, which further drives the grinding ball assembly 3 to slide against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. It should be noted that, as Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the conical spiral track 2 are fixedly connected to the conical grinding chamber 1. When the main shaft 7 rotates, the sliding block 401 slides along the conical spiral track 2. At this time, the conical spiral track 2 has a guiding function. The taper of the conical spiral track 2 is different from the taper of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. The lower the wall, the thicker the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 becomes, and the inner wall gradually shrinks inward. The gap between the conical spiral track 2 and the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 also gradually decreases. At this time, the sliding block 401 is guided by the conical spiral track 2, and the gap between the sliding block 401 and the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 also decreases. Among them, the connecting block 402 is installed on one side of the sliding block 401. The connecting block 402 is used to connect the grinding ball assembly 3. As the contact gap between the grinding ball assembly 3 and the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 decreases synchronously, the extrusion pressure on the material gradually increases from top to bottom, realizing gradient pressure crushing of plant hard tissues, which is suitable for crushing plant hard tissues such as wood fiber from block to micron-level powder. Furthermore, the main shaft 7 is the core power transmission shaft of the device, coaxially arranged with the conical grinding chamber 1 and the conical spiral track 2. The top of the main shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the conical grinding chamber 1 via a bearing. The bearing is a sealed bearing to prevent outside air from entering. A limit ring 8 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the main shaft 7. Openings are provided on both sides of the limit ring 8, which coincide with the through groove of the main shaft 7. The drive rod 4 passes through the main shaft 7 and the limit ring 8. At this time, one end of the drive rod 4 is limited by the outer conical spiral track 2, and the other end of the drive rod 4 is locked by the limit ring 8 to prevent the drive rod 4 from tilting up. The main shaft 7 extends to the outside of the conical grinding chamber 1. By rotating the main shaft 7 clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, the following two working states are achieved. Grinding stage: The main shaft 7 rotates clockwise, which drives the drive rod 4 and the limiting ring 8 to rotate clockwise in sync. The sliding block 401 slides down along the conical spiral track 2, while driving the grinding ball assembly 3 to slide from top to bottom. At this time, the several arc-shaped clamps 303 of the grinding ball assembly 3 are in a closed state, and the whole is in a spherical shape. This is the working stage of gradient crushing of plant hard tissue. Cleaning stage: When the main spindle 7 rotates counterclockwise, the drive rod 4 rotates counterclockwise synchronously with the sliding block 401 and slides from bottom to top along the conical spiral track 2. At this time, the grinding ball assembly 3 has switched to the gripper form at the bottom of the conical grinding chamber 1. The unfolded arc-shaped gripper 303 scrapes and cleans the material adhering to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 during the sliding process from bottom to top, and gradually pushes the residual material into the inner cavity to avoid the residual material affecting the subsequent grinding accuracy, while improving the material recovery rate. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as... Figure 3 As shown, the front and back of the drive rod 4 are both curved. On the one hand, it is used to connect the grinding ball assembly 3. On the other hand, when the drive rod 4 rotates in the opposite direction, the drive rod 4 itself also has a certain material-pushing effect. As the drive rod 4 rotates upward in the opposite direction, together with the arc-shaped clamping piece 303 in the shape of a claw, it continuously pushes the central material upward for the next extrusion. Additionally, in this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, a turntable is added to the top of the spindle 7. The rotation of the turntable drives the spindle 7 to rotate. In other embodiments, a geared motor can also be added for automatic drive. In this embodiment, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a U-shaped locking rod 403 is slidably connected to the bottom of the connecting block 402. A second spring 404 is sleeved on the outer surface of one end of the U-shaped locking rod 403. The bottom of the inner sleeve 302 is provided with an inclined slide, and the inner wall of the slide is provided with a locking hole 308. The other end of the U-shaped locking rod 403 is connected to the locking hole 308 by an insertion method. The bottom of the conical spiral track 2 is fixedly connected to a first lever 9. One end of the first lever 9 is slidably connected to the U-shaped locking lever 403. The top of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 is fixedly connected to a second lever 10, and the second lever 10 is inclined upward. It should be noted that the U-shaped locking rod 403, as the main core locking component, is used to limit the inner sleeve 302 on the one hand, and to limit the unfolded arc-shaped clamping piece 303 on the other hand. The two ends of the U-shaped locking rod 403 are respectively inserted into the locking holes 308 of the connecting block 402 and the inner sleeve 302. By pulling the first lever 9 into the bend of the U-shaped locking rod 403, it slides along the inner wall of the U-shaped locking rod 403 to unlock the inner sleeve 302. Specifically, during the downward movement of the grinding ball assembly 3, the U-shaped locking rod 403 is used to lock the inner sleeve 302. At this time, the inner sleeve 302 is at a fixed angle. As the grinding ball assembly 3 slides to the bottom, the front end of the first lever 9 will insert into the bend of the U-shaped locking rod 403. Since the end of the first lever 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conical spiral track 2, the first lever 9 is not parallel to the bottom of the conical spiral track 2. As the grinding ball assembly 3 continues to slide, the U-shaped locking rod 403 will slide along the first lever 9. Under the traction of the first lever 9, the U-shaped locking rod 403 will gradually slide backward, and the second spring 404 will stretch until it disengages from the locking hole 308. At this time, the inner sleeve 302 is in a state where it can rotate freely. Similarly, during the reverse upward clearing stage, after the U-shaped locking rod 403 has disengaged from the locking hole 308, the constraint of the inner sleeve 302 disappears, and the previously compressed first spring 304 begins to reset, pulling the inner sleeve 302 to slide inward. Driven by their respective connecting rods 305, all the arc-shaped clamping pieces 303 unfold. At this time, since the constraint of the inner sleeve 302 disappears, the inner sleeve 302 and the positioning sleeve 301 can rotate arbitrarily. Due to the contact with the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, several arc-shaped clamping pieces 303 will also rotate inward while unfolding, in preparation for the clearing work. As the sliding block 401 slides upwards in the opposite direction, the entire arc-shaped clamping piece 303 in the form of a claw disengages from the first lever 9. The previously stretched second spring 404 resets, pulling the U-shaped locking rod 403 back to its original position. At this time, the inner sleeve 302 slides inwards a certain distance, and the locking hole 308 is misaligned with one end of the U-shaped locking rod 403. After the U-shaped locking rod 403 resets, it does not contact the inner sleeve 302. The second spring 404 limits the U-shaped locking rod 403, controlling the position of the bend of the U-shaped locking rod 403. At this time, the U-shaped locking rod 403 enters the second limiting mode. After the arc-shaped clamping pieces 303 unfold, the inner part of one of the arc-shaped clamping pieces 303... The wall will adhere to the outer wall of the U-shaped locking rod 403, generating a resisting force on the U-shaped locking rod 403, causing the second spring 404 to compress slightly. At this time, the arc-shaped clamp 303 on the other side adheres to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, with both sides simultaneously limiting and controlling the tilt angle of the entire unfolded arc-shaped clamp 303. One side always slides against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, while the other side is always resisted by the U-shaped locking rod 403. When the inner diameter of the conical grinding chamber 1 gradually increases, the resistance on one side of the arc-shaped clamp 303 disappears. At this time, the second spring 404 will release a little, causing the entire arc-shaped clamp 303 to deflect upward a little, and then adhere to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 again. In addition, it should be noted that the elastic potential energy of the second spring 404 in this embodiment is less than that of the first spring 304. During the reset process of the second spring 404, it will not compress the first spring 304. Therefore, during the upward process, the arc-shaped clamp 303 is always in the open state. Furthermore, a shaft is welded to the surface of the connecting block 402, and the top of the shaft passes through the U-shaped locking rod 403 to control the angle of the U-shaped locking rod 403 to remain unchanged. In addition, such as Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, a second lever 10 is added to the top of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. The second lever 10 is tilted upward. When the unfolded arc-shaped clamp 303 returns to the top, the second lever 10 is inserted into the bottom of the arc-shaped clamp 303, which exerts a hard squeeze on the arc-shaped clamp 303, causing the arc-shaped clamp 303 to passively close. During the closing process, it is further guided by the second lever 10, and the angle of the entire arc-shaped clamp 303 changes, gradually returning to the initial state. The inner sleeve 302 will slide outward along the positioning sleeve 301. During the sliding process, the inclined slide at the bottom of the inner sleeve 302 contacts one end of the U-shaped locking rod 403, gradually squeezing the U-shaped locking rod 403 to pull it backward. The second spring stretches again. At this time, the arc-shaped clamp 303 has been partially retracted, providing a certain amount of space for the U-shaped locking rod 403 to slide backward.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, a filter plate 11 is provided between the conical grinding chamber 1 and the feeding chamber 5. The filter plate 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, and the feeding chamber 5 and the conical grinding chamber 1 are connected by a sliding connection. It should be noted that a sealing cover is provided at the top of the conical grinding chamber 1. When the sealing cover is opened, material is placed in, and when the sealing cover is closed, sealing rubber is added between the feeding chamber 5 and the outer wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. After the feeding chamber 5 slides upward along the conical grinding chamber 1, the connection between it and the conical grinding chamber 1 becomes tighter, and the sealing effect is better. An air pump 6 is installed on one side of the feeding chamber 5. The air pump 6 intermittently draws air from the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1, forming a slight negative pressure environment inside the conical grinding chamber 1. The pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, making the connection between the conical grinding chamber 1, the feeding chamber 5, and the top sealing cover tighter. This not only allows for timely adsorption and collection of ground material with the help of negative pressure, but also further improves the overall airtightness. During this process, the filter plate 11 can also filter out large particles and accurately collect materials with micron-sized powder properties. A sealing plug is inserted into the sealing cover. When the air pressure inside the conical grinding chamber 1 drops to a certain level, the sealing plug can be pulled out upward to inject a small amount of air to balance the air pressure.

[0030] Working principle: When using this crushing device, first, open the sealing cover at the top of the conical grinding chamber 1, put the plant hard tissue to be crushed, such as wood fiber block sample, into the chamber, close the sealing cover, and push the feeding chamber 5 to slide upward along the outer wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. The sealing rubber between the feeding chamber 5 and the conical grinding chamber 1 is used to achieve a preliminary seal. Then the grinding stage begins: the spindle 7 starts to rotate clockwise, driving the drive rod 4 and the limiting ring 8 through the spindle 7 to rotate clockwise in sync. The sliding block 401 at one end of the drive rod 4 slides down the conical spiral track 2 from top to bottom. At the same time, the drive rod 4 drives the grinding ball assembly 3 to move down along the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 through the connecting block 402. At this time, one end of the U-shaped locking rod 403 of the grinding ball assembly 3 is inserted into the bottom of the connecting block 402, and the other end is inserted into the locking hole 308 of the inner sleeve 302 to lock the position of the inner sleeve 302. The inner sleeve 302 is located in the lower part of the middle of the positioning sleeve 301. The first spring 304 is compressed, and the arc-shaped clamp 303 is pulled by the connecting rod 305 to close into the conical grinding chamber 1. The grinding balls 306 embedded on the surface of the arc-shaped clamp 303 begin to grind along the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. During this process, as the gap between the conical spiral track 2 and the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 gradually decreases downward along the axial direction, the spherical grinding ball assembly 3 generates increasing extrusion pressure on the hard tissue of the plant. The grinding balls 306 enhance the grinding effect by rolling, gradually breaking the blocky sample into fine particles. At the same time, the vacuum pump 6 is intermittently activated, and under the negative pressure adsorption, the material ground into fine particles is intermittently sucked into the feeding chamber 5 for temporary storage through the filter holes of the filter plate 11. Large particles are intercepted by the filter plate 11 and remain in the conical grinding chamber 1 for further crushing. After the vacuum pump 6 is started, it creates a slight negative pressure in the conical grinding chamber 1, which further enhances the sealing of the top sealing cover, the conical grinding chamber 1 and the bottom feeding chamber 5, and provides adsorption power for subsequent powder collection. If the air pressure inside the chamber is too low, the sealing plug on the sealing cover can be pulled out to inject a small amount of air to balance the air pressure. Next, we will enter the reverse liquidation phase: When the grinding ball assembly 3 slides to the bottom of the conical grinding chamber 1, the first lever 9 at the bottom of the conical spiral track 2 is inserted into the bend of the U-shaped locking rod 403. As the grinding ball assembly 3 continues to slide, the first lever 9 pulls the U-shaped locking rod 403 to slide backward, the second spring 404 is stretched, the U-shaped locking rod 403 is disengaged from the locking hole 308 of the inner sleeve 302, and the inner sleeve 302 is unlocked. The previously compressed first spring 304 is reset, pulling the inner sleeve 302 to slide inward along the positioning sleeve 301, and through the connecting rod 305, the arc-shaped clamping piece 303 unfolds into a clamping claw shape, exposing the sharp edge of the arc-shaped clamping piece 303; When the main shaft 7 switches to counterclockwise rotation, the drive rod 4 drives the sliding block 401 to slide from bottom to top along the conical spiral track 2. The grinding ball assembly 3 in the form of a gripper moves upward against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1. The unfolded arc-shaped clamping piece 303 expands outward from the outer wall of the chamber as it moves upward. The sharp edge scrapes the adhesive material remaining on the chamber wall and pushes the remaining material from the gap in the chamber wall to the central area inside the chamber. The curved surface design of the drive rod 4 simultaneously assists in moving the central material. When the grinding ball assembly 3 in the form of a gripper slides to the top of the conical grinding chamber 1, the second lever 10 at the top of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber 1 inserts into the bottom of the arc-shaped clamping piece 303 and applies hard pressure to the arc-shaped clamping piece 303, forcing the arc-shaped clamping piece 303 to passively close. At this time, the inner sleeve 302 slides outward along the positioning sleeve 301, and its bottom inclined slide squeezes the U-shaped locking rod 403 to pull it backward. The second spring 404 is stretched again. After the arc-shaped clamp 303 is completely closed into a spherical shape, the U-shaped locking rod 403 is reinserted into the inner sleeve 302 locking hole 308 under the reset action of the second spring 404, completing the shape reset. When the arc-shaped clamp 303 is closed, the material remaining in its inner cavity and the gap of the arc-shaped clamp 303 is further sheared to realize the integrated operation of grinding, cleaning and shearing. This process is repeated repeatedly to further pulverize the material. Finally, the feeding hopper 5 is pulled out to retrieve the material collected inside.

[0031] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature micro-pulverization device for plant hard tissues, comprising a conical grinding chamber (1) and a conical spiral track (2) installed inside the conical grinding chamber (1), characterized in that: It also includes a grinding ball assembly (3) that slides against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber (1) and gradually increases the grinding force from top to bottom and can automatically switch the form at the bottom and top of the conical grinding chamber (1), and a drive rod (4) that slides back and forth along the conical spiral track (2) to connect the grinding ball assembly (3). A feeding bin (5) is installed at the bottom of the conical grinding chamber (1), and a vacuum pump (6) is installed on one side of the feeding bin (5) to create a negative pressure inside the conical grinding chamber (1).

2. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding ball assembly (3) includes a positioning sleeve (301) and an inner sleeve (302) that slides along the inner wall of the positioning sleeve (301). The positioning sleeve (301) has a number of arc-shaped clips (303) distributed at equal angles around its perimeter, and each arc-shaped clip (303) has a number of grinding balls (306) embedded on its surface. One end of the inner sleeve (302) is fitted with a first spring (304).

3. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the arc-shaped clips (303) has a connecting rod (305) rotatably connected to its inner wall. One end of the connecting rod (305) is rotatably connected to the surface of the inner sleeve (302). The circumference of the positioning sleeve (301) is provided with a number of strip-shaped openings (307) for the connecting rod (305) to slide. The strip-shaped openings (307) are distributed one-to-one with the connecting rod (305). The inner sleeve (302) slides along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve (301) so that the arc-shaped clips (303) can expand or contract, accompanied by the compression or reset of the first spring (304).

4. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the drive rod (4) is fixedly connected to a sliding block (401) that slides along the conical spiral track (2). A connecting block (402) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block (401). The top of the connecting block (402) is rotated to connect with the positioning sleeve (301).

5. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical grinding chamber (1) is rotatably connected to a main shaft (7), and the conical grinding chamber (1), the conical spiral track (2) and the main shaft (7) are coaxially arranged. The taper of the conical spiral track (2) is different from the taper of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber (1). The gap between the conical spiral track (2) and the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber (1) gradually decreases downward along the axial direction. Both ends of the conical spiral track (2) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber (1).

6. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main shaft (7) is externally connected to a limiting ring (8), and the surface of the main shaft (7) is provided with a through groove for the drive rod (4) to slide. One end of the drive rod (4) passes through the main shaft (7) and the limiting ring (8). The drive rod (4) and the limiting ring (8) rotate synchronously by rotating the main shaft (7), which further drives the grinding ball assembly (3) to slide against the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber (1).

7. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting block (402) is slidably connected to a U-shaped locking rod (403). A second spring (404) is sleeved on the outer surface of one end of the U-shaped locking rod (403). The bottom of the inner sleeve (302) is provided with an inclined slide, and the inner wall of the slide is provided with a locking hole (308). The other end of the U-shaped locking rod (403) is connected to the locking hole (308) by an insertion method.

8. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the conical spiral track (2) is fixedly connected to a first lever (9), one end of the first lever (9) is slidably connected to the U-shaped locking rod (403), and the top of the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a second lever (10), and the second lever (10) is inclined upward.

9. The plant hard tissue low-temperature micro-pulverization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter plate (11) is provided between the conical grinding chamber (1) and the feeding chamber (5). The filter plate (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conical grinding chamber (1). The feeding chamber (5) and the conical grinding chamber (1) are connected by a sliding connection.

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