A biomimetic interfacial evaporation device, a preparation method and an interfacial evaporation device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of bionic interface evaporation device, preparation method and interface evaporator, belong to seawater desalination technical field, solve the current interface evaporator existing problem, including bottom plate, bottom plate is vertically fixedly connected with the bottom end of multiple vertical rods of array distribution, the circumferential surface of vertical rod is equipped with multiple groups of blades, multiple blades of same group are distributed along the axis direction of vertical rod, in the direction from the connecting end of blade and vertical rod to blade tip, blade is inclinedly arranged towards the direction away from bottom plate, blade includes blade body, blade body is connected with vertical rod by conical connecting portion, the first included angle of the center generatrix of upper half part conical surface of conical connecting portion with vertical rod axis is greater than the second included angle of the center generatrix of lower half part conical surface with vertical rod axis, vertical rod and blade surface are all equipped with hydrophilic layer, the bionic interface evaporator of the present application can quickly replenish water film, improve evaporation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seawater desalination technology, specifically to a biomimetic interface evaporation device, its preparation method, and an interface evaporator. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Currently, commonly used mainstream seawater desalination technologies include distillation and reverse osmosis. However, these methods suffer from relatively complex processes, high operating costs, and secondary environmental pollution. In recent years, interfacial solar water evaporation technology, as a green and sustainable technology that utilizes clean energy to address water scarcity, has received increasing attention. Unlike traditional solar distillation systems with their high-temperature overall evaporation and low distillation efficiency, interfacial solar water evaporation systems focus solar energy onto the surface of a photothermal conversion material. Through interfacial photothermal energy conversion, this energy acts on a thin layer of water molecules at the water-air interface, minimizing heat loss and significantly improving water evaporation efficiency. Compared to traditional methods, interfacial photothermal evaporation technology has lower system costs, simpler equipment structure, easier operation, and is easier to maintain and manage.

[0004] However, in order to ensure the high efficiency of evaporation and the heat insulation effect of the evaporation zone, current solar interface evaporators often use porous materials with micron-sized pores as water channels. During the long-term treatment of seawater, salt crystals often adhere to the surface of the photothermal layer and the inside of the water channels, clogging the water channels and resulting in insufficient water pumping capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a biomimetic interface evaporation device, preparation method and interface evaporator, which overcomes the problems existing in the current interface evaporators.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a biomimetic interface evaporation device, including a base plate, which is vertically fixedly connected to the bottom ends of a plurality of vertical rods arranged in an array. The circumferential surface of the vertical rods is provided with a plurality of sets of blades, and the plurality of blades in the same set are distributed along the axial direction of the vertical rods. Along the direction from the connection end of the blade to the vertical rod to the tip of the blade, the blades are inclined away from the base plate. Each blade includes a blade body, which is connected to the vertical rod through a tapered connecting part. The smaller end of the tapered connecting part is connected to the vertical rod, and the larger end is connected to the blade body. The first angle between the central generatrix of the upper half of the tapered surface of the tapered connecting part and the axis of the vertical rod is greater than the second angle between the central generatrix of the lower half of the tapered surface and the axis of the vertical rod. Both the vertical rods and the blade surfaces are provided with a hydrophilic layer.

[0008] Optionally, the first angle between the generatrix of the upper half of the tapered connecting part and the axis of the vertical rod is 20°-90°.

[0009] Optionally, the second angle between the generatrix of the lower half of the tapered connecting part and the axis of the vertical rod is 20°-70°.

[0010] Optionally, multiple blades in the same group are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the vertical rod, and blades in adjacent groups are staggered along the axial direction of the vertical rod.

[0011] Optionally, the blades and the vertical rods are made of a mixture of photocurable resin and carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 99-100:0.1-0.9.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for fabricating the biomimetic interfacial evaporation device described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0013] The base plate, multiple vertical rods, and blades were 3D printed to form the preliminary molded parts of the biomimetic interface evaporation device;

[0014] The preliminary molded part is cleaned, and then a second curing is performed on the preliminary molded part;

[0015] A surface coating treatment is applied to the preliminary molded part after secondary curing to form a hydrophilic layer on the surface of the preliminary molded part. After the hydrophilic layer is formed, the preparation of the biomimetic interface evaporation device is completed.

[0016] Optionally, ultraviolet light can be used to perform a secondary curing of the preliminary molded part.

[0017] Optionally, the specific steps for surface coating treatment are as follows:

[0018] The pre-formed part after secondary curing is immersed in a 0.08mol / L-0.12mol / L nitric acid solution for a set time;

[0019] The pre-molded parts that have been soaked are cleaned until the pH value of the filtrate produced after cleaning is neutral, and the pre-molded parts are dried after cleaning.

[0020] The surface of the preliminary molded part is treated by alternating the use of a mixed solution of polydopamine, tetraethyl orthosilicate and polypyrrole solution to form a hydrophilic layer on the surface of the preliminary molded part.

[0021] Optionally, the preliminary molded part is cleaned after each surface treatment.

[0022] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an interface evaporator, including a shell, inside which is provided the biomimetic interface evaporation device described in the first aspect. The bottom plate of the biomimetic interface evaporation device divides the space inside the shell into a first space and a second space that are interconnected. The second space below the biomimetic interface evaporation device serves as a freshwater collection area, which is connected to a freshwater output pipe. The shell is also connected to a seawater inlet pipe, which is connected to the first space.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The biomimetic interface evaporation device of the present invention has a hydrophilic coating on the surfaces of the vertical rod and blades. After the liquid comes into contact with the vertical rod, the adhesion force between the liquid molecules and the fixed molecules of the vertical rod is greater than the cohesive force between the liquid molecules, allowing the liquid to rise along the vertical rod. Therefore, it spreads upward along the vertical rod and blades. Simultaneously, when the liquid spreads to the blades, it forms menisci of different shapes due to the influence of different first and second included angles on both sides of the conical connection of the blades. When the liquid spreads upward, the shape of the menisci formed by the first included angle is relatively gentle. The surface tension allows the liquid to more easily cross the edge of the blades, thereby reducing resistance and facilitating the liquid's upward movement. When the liquid flows from top to bottom, the meniscus shape formed by the second angle is relatively steep. The surface tension makes it easier for the liquid to be pinned to the edge of the blade, increasing resistance and making it difficult for the liquid to flow downwards. This allows the liquid to overcome gravity and spread the liquid film upwards. The biomimetic interface evaporation device promotes the spread of liquid on the surface of the vertical rod by relying on the guidance of the hydrophilic layer and the blade. Compared with the traditional method of driving liquid flow by capillary action, the natural driving force of the liquid is stronger. Moreover, the liquid spreads on the surface of the vertical rod without micron-sized pores, and there is no problem of crystallized salt clogging the micron-sized pores. This enables efficient and stable seawater desalination and wastewater purification.

[0025] 2. In the biomimetic interface evaporation device of the present invention, the temperature at the top of the vertical rod is relatively high during the evaporation process. When processing high-concentration brine, the evaporation device can effectively control the salt crystallization position on the surface of the top of the vertical rod, which can easily remove the deposited salt. Moreover, the deposited crystallized salt will not block the liquid transmission channel, thus avoiding affecting the liquid supply. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first included angle and the second included angle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid surface meniscus formed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 These are schematic diagrams of the positive and negative directions as defined in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrophilic transparent cap of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Among them, 1. bottom plate, 2. vertical rod, 3. blade, 4. side shell wall, 5. bottom shell wall, 6. rear shell wall, 7. hydrophilic transparent cover, 8. front lower shell wall, 9. baffle, 10. freshwater outlet pipe, 11. seawater inlet pipe;

[0034] 301. Blade body; 302. Conical connecting part. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a biomimetic interface evaporation device for use in solar interface evaporators, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a base plate 1, and a plurality of vertical rods 2 arranged in an array are provided on the upper surface of the base plate 1. The bottom ends of the vertical rods 2 are vertically and integrally connected to the base plate 1. In this embodiment, the vertical rods 2 are arranged in a square, rectangular or circular array. Those skilled in the art can set them according to actual needs, and will not be described in detail here. Preferably, the plurality of vertical rods 2 are arranged in a square array.

[0037] Multiple sets of blades 3 are arranged circumferentially on the circumferential surface of the vertical rod 2. Preferably, four sets of blades 3 are arranged circumferentially on the circumferential surface of the vertical rod 2. Adjacent sets of blades 3 are arranged at 90° intervals along the circumferential direction of the vertical rod 2. The blades 3 in the same set include multiple blades 3 distributed along the axial direction of the vertical rod 2. Preferably, the multiple blades 3 in the same set are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the vertical rod 2.

[0038] Furthermore, the blades 3 of adjacent groups are staggered along the axial direction of the vertical rod 2. In this embodiment, the four groups of blades 3 are staggered along the axial direction of the vertical rod 2. Among all the blades 3, there are no blades 3 located at the same position along the axial direction of the vertical rod 2.

[0039] One end of the blade 3 is connected to the vertical rod 2, and the other end has a pointed structure to form a tip.

[0040] Along the direction from the connection end of the blade 3 and the vertical rod 2 to the tip, the blade 3 is inclined in a direction away from the base plate 1.

[0041] The blade 3 includes a blade body 301, which is connected to the vertical rod 2 via a tapered connecting part 302.

[0042] One end of the blade body 301 is a pointed structure, and the other end is connected to the larger end of the tapered connecting part 302. The smaller end of the tapered connecting part 302 is connected to the vertical rod 2.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the tapered connecting part 302 is an irregular tapered structure, and its tapered surface includes an upper part and a lower part, both of which are formed by the movement of the generatrix along a set trajectory.

[0044] The angle between the central generatrix of the upper part and the axis of the vertical rod 2 is the first angle ω1. The central generatrix of the upper part is the generatrix located at the center of the upper part of the cone.

[0045] The angle between the central generatrix of the lower half and the axis of the vertical rod 2 is the second angle ω2. The central generatrix of the lower half is the generatrix located at the center of the lower half of the cone.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first included angle is greater than the second included angle.

[0047] The first included angle is 20°-90°. Those skilled in the art can set the degree of the first included angle within this range according to actual needs, which will not be described in detail here.

[0048] The second included angle is 20°-70°. Those skilled in the art can set the degree of the second included angle within this range according to actual needs, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] By setting the vertical rod 2, the blade 3, and the first and second included angles, the vertical rod 2 and the blade 3 form a green-like structure.

[0050] The outer surfaces of the vertical rod 2 and the blade 3 are provided with a hydrophilic layer to increase the adsorption force between liquid molecules and the walls of the vertical rod 2 and the blade 3.

[0051] The vertical rod 2, the base plate 1, and the blade 3 adopt an integrated structure and are integrally formed by 3D printing. The material is a mixture of photocurable resin and carbon nanotubes in a ratio of 99-100:0.1-0.9. Preferably, it is a mixture of PU photocurable resin and carbon nanotubes with a mass ratio of 99.5:0.5.

[0052] PU photocurable resin, as a base material, has excellent optical transmittance and mechanical properties, which can meet the needs of photothermal evaporators in high-intensity light and complex environments. Carbon nanotubes have extremely high thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties, which can significantly improve the thermal conductivity efficiency of composite materials and further improve the heat transfer performance of materials.

[0053] In this embodiment of the biomimetic interface evaporation device, when the liquid overflows the base plate 1 and contacts the vertical rod 2, it spreads upwards, such as... Figure 3 As shown, its principle is:

[0054] When the liquid comes into contact with the vertical rod 2, the liquid surface forms a curved surface due to surface tension and the interaction between the solid molecules of the liquid and the vertical rod 2. This curved surface is called the liquid surface meniscus.

[0055] The liquid meniscus exhibits two different shapes due to the influence of the cohesive force between liquid molecules and the adhesion force between liquid and solid molecules: when the adhesion force between liquid and solid molecules is greater than the cohesive force between liquid molecules, the liquid tends to rise along the solid wall of the vertical rod 2, forming a concave liquid meniscus. When the cohesive force between liquid molecules is greater than the adhesion force between liquid and solid molecules, the liquid tends to leave the solid wall, forming a convex liquid meniscus. Since the surfaces of the vertical rod 2 and blade 3 in this embodiment are provided with a hydrophilic layer, the adsorption force between liquid molecules and the solid walls of the vertical rod 2 and blade 3 is relatively large, and the adhesion force between liquid and solid molecules is greater than the cohesive force between liquid molecules. Therefore, the liquid will spread upwards, and during the upward spreading process, a concave liquid meniscus will be formed between the liquid and the wall of blade 3.

[0056] Because the first included angle and the second included angle are not equal, and the degree of the first included angle is greater than that of the second included angle, the existence of this asymmetrical included angle will cause the liquid meniscus to exhibit different shapes and curvatures during the spreading process.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the direction upward from the bottom of the vertical rod 2 is defined as the positive direction, and the direction downward from the top of the vertical rod 2 is defined as the negative direction.

[0058] When the liquid surface reaches the bottom plate 1 and contacts the vertical rod 2, it spreads upwards along the vertical rod 2 due to the surface tension of the liquid and the adhesion force between the liquid and the wall of the vertical rod 2. When the liquid spreads to the blade 3, it is affected by the different first and second included angles on both sides of the blade 3, forming menisci of different shapes. In the positive direction, the first included angle ω1 of the blade 3 is relatively large, and the shape of the liquid surface menisci is relatively gentle. The surface tension makes it easier for the liquid to cross the edge of the blade 3, thereby reducing resistance. In the negative direction, the second included angle ω2 of the blade 3 is relatively small, and the shape of the liquid surface menisci is relatively steep. The surface tension makes it easier for the liquid to be pinned to the edge of the blade 3, thereby increasing resistance and making it difficult for the liquid to move downwards. The heterogeneity of the meniscus of the liquid surface leads to differences in the transport characteristics of the liquid in different directions, which enables the liquid to overcome gravity and spread the liquid film upward, promoting timely replenishment of the liquid film during evaporation. The biomimetic interface evaporation device of this embodiment relies on the guiding effect of the hydrophilic layer and the blades 3 to promote the spread of liquid on the surface of the vertical rod 2. Compared with the traditional method of driving liquid flow by capillary action, the natural driving force of the liquid is stronger. Moreover, the liquid spreads on the surface of the vertical rod 2 without micron-sized pores, and there is no problem of crystallized salt clogging the micron-sized pores. This enables efficient and stable seawater desalination and sewage purification.

[0059] In this embodiment, the water replenishment channel is set on the surface of the vertical rod 2. The top of the vertical rod 2 is directly exposed to sunlight, where the radiant heat is high. The bottom of the vertical rod 2 and the bottom blades 3 of the biomimetic evaporation device are shielded by the upper blades 3, so they absorb relatively less heat. Moreover, the bottom of the vertical rod 2 and the bottom blades 3 are closer to the liquid, which makes the temperature of the top of the vertical rod 2 and the connected blades 3 higher during the evaporation process. When processing high-concentration brine, the biomimetic interface evaporation device can effectively control the salt crystallization position on the top surface of the biomimetic interface evaporation device, and can easily remove the deposited salt.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for fabricating the biomimetic interface evaporation device described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: 3D print the base plate 1, vertical rod 2, and blades 3 to form the preliminary molded parts of the biomimetic interface evaporation device; specifically including the following steps:

[0063] Step 1.1: Fabrication of materials for the biomimetic interfacial evaporation device. The material is prepared using photopolymer PU (polyurethane) as the base material. This material possesses excellent optical transmittance and mechanical properties, meeting the requirements of photothermal evaporators under high-intensity light and complex environments. To further improve the material's heat transfer performance, the photopolymer PU is mixed with carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 99.5:0.5. Carbon nanotubes have extremely high thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties, significantly improving the thermal conductivity efficiency of the composite material.

[0064] After mixing the PU UV-curable resin and carbon nanotubes, the mixture is thoroughly stirred using an ultrasonic cleaner to ensure that the carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in the PU UV-curable resin. Preferably, the stirring time is 30 minutes and the frequency is 40 kHz to ensure the uniformity of the mixture.

[0065] Step 1.2: Import the prepared hybrid material into the photopolymer 3D printer for printing. During the printing process, set the slice thickness to 0.03mm and the exposure time to 10s to ensure that the printed preliminary part has high precision and good mechanical properties. It is understood that those skilled in the art can set the slice thickness and exposure time according to the curing characteristics of the material and the precision requirements of the model, and can use existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0066] Step 2: Clean the preliminary molded part, and then perform a second curing on the preliminary molded part.

[0067] Specifically, anhydrous ethanol is used to clean the preliminary molded parts. Anhydrous ethanol can effectively remove uncured resin residues on the surface of the preliminary molded parts, preventing these residues from affecting the surface quality and subsequent performance of the preliminary molded parts. Preferably, the cleaning time is 15 minutes to ensure that the surface of the preliminary molded parts is clean.

[0068] After the anhydrous ethanol has completely evaporated, the pre-molded part is subjected to a second UV curing process using a UV lamp. The purpose of the second curing is to further enhance the mechanical properties and stability of the pre-molded part, ensuring that it will not be damaged by light or mechanical stress during use. Preferably, the curing time is 30 minutes and the curing distance is 10 cm to ensure uniform curing of the pre-molded part.

[0069] Step 3: Apply a coating to the surface of the preliminary molded part after secondary curing to complete the preparation of the biomimetic interface evaporation device. In this embodiment, a mixed solution of polydopamine, tetraethyl orthosilicate, and polypyrrole solution is used for coating treatment.

[0070] The mass ratio of each component in the polydopamine and tetraethyl orthosilicate mixed solution is as follows: water 63-64 parts, trihydromethylaminomethane 0.4-0.45 parts, hydrochloric acid 0.25-0.9 parts, dopamine hydrochloride 0.25-0.9 parts, ethanol 93-95 parts, tetraethyl orthosilicate 5-7 parts; preferably, water 63.3 parts, trihydromethylaminomethane 0.43 parts, hydrochloric acid 0.285 parts, dopamine hydrochloride 0.285 parts, ethanol 94 parts, tetraethyl orthosilicate 6 parts.

[0071] The mass ratio of each component in the polypyrrole solution is as follows: 160-170 parts water, 0.5-1.5 parts pyrrole, 0.6-0.8 parts ferric chloride hexahydrate, and 0.2-0.4 parts hydrochloric acid. Preferably, the ratio is 166.3 parts water, 1 part pyrrole, 0.7 parts ferric chloride hexahydrate, and 0.3 parts hydrochloric acid.

[0072] The polydopamine molecule contains numerous hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, amino, and carboxyl groups. These groups can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, making it easier for the liquid to spread on the coating surface. This effectively reduces the contact angle of the biomimetic interface evaporation device surface material, lowering it from 56.5° to below 5°, achieving superhydrophilicity and ensuring the replenishment of the working fluid in the evaporation zone. While improving the material surface activation energy, the porous surface structure of the polypyrrole layer effectively extends the optical path, giving the biomimetic interface evaporation device excellent photothermal conversion performance and a wide solar absorption band, with a spectral absorbance of up to 97.67% in the 250nm-2500nm wavelength range.

[0073] The coating process includes the following specific steps:

[0074] Step 3.1: Prepare a 0.08mol / L-0.12mol / L nitric acid solution, preferably a 0.1mol / L nitric acid solution, and immerse the pre-formed part after secondary curing in the nitric acid solution for a set time, preferably 24 hours.

[0075] The role of nitric acid solution is to activate the surface of the initially molded part, providing good bonding sites for subsequent coating treatments.

[0076] Step 3.2 After the initial molded part is soaked, it is taken out and washed with deionized water until the pH value of the filtrate produced after washing is neutral, and then dried thoroughly at room temperature of 20℃-30℃.

[0077] In this embodiment, ultrasonic-assisted cleaning is used to ensure that the surface of the pre-molded part is thoroughly cleaned. Existing technology can be used for ultrasonic-assisted cleaning, which will not be described in detail here.

[0078] Step 3.3: Apply a surface coating to the preliminary molded part by alternating the use of a mixed solution of polydopamine, tetraethyl orthosilicate, and polypyrrole solution. The purpose of alternating coatings is to enhance the stability and functionality of the coating through a multi-layer structure.

[0079] Specifically:

[0080] First, the preliminary molded part is immersed in a mixed solution of polydopamine and tetraethyl orthosilicate for 24 hours, and then rinsed with deionized water.

[0081] The pre-molded part is then immersed in a polypyrrole solution for 24 hours. The pre-molded part is then rinsed with deionized water.

[0082] Repeat the above steps 2-4 times to complete the hydrophilic coating treatment of the preliminary molded part.

[0083] After each surface coating treatment, the pre-formed part is rinsed with deionized water to remove excess surface reaction residue and unreacted agents. The rinsing time is 10 minutes to ensure that there is no residue on the surface.

[0084] After the coating process was completed, the biomimetic interface evaporation device was fabricated.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] This embodiment provides an interface evaporator, specifically a solar interface evaporator, such as... Figures 5-6 As shown, it includes a housing, and the biomimetic interface evaporation device described in Example 1 is disposed inside the housing.

[0087] The shell includes two side shell walls 4, each with a fan-shaped portion. The fan-shaped portion is a right-angled fan, with a rectangular portion integrally connected to one straight edge. The side shell walls 4 are machined from a single piece of plate. A bottom shell wall 5 is located between the bottom ends of the rectangular portions of the two side shell walls 4. A rear shell wall 6 is located between the other right-angled edge of the fan-shaped portion and the corresponding rear edge of the rectangular portion. A front upper shell wall is located between the arc-shaped edges of the fan-shaped portion. The front upper shell wall is a hydrophilic transparent cover 7, used to collect evaporated and condensed fresh water into liquid and to guide the fresh water flow. A front lower shell wall 8 is connected to the bottom edge of the front upper shell wall, and both ends of the front lower shell wall 8 are fixedly connected to the rectangular portions of the side shell walls 4.

[0088] The biomimetic interface evaporation device described in Example 1 is set inside the shell. Specifically, a support plate is provided between the two side shell walls inside the shell. The bottom plate 1 is fixed on the support plate. Both ends of the bottom plate 1 are fixed to the side shell walls 4. One end of the bottom plate 1 is fixed to the rear shell wall 6. The other end of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a baffle 9. The baffle 9 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the two side shell walls 4. The baffle 9 prevents the introduced seawater from flowing out from the bottom plate 1.

[0089] The base plate 1 divides the internal space of the shell into a first space and a second space, wherein the base plate 1 does not extend to the front arc-shaped edge of the side shell wall 4 so that the first space and the second space are interconnected.

[0090] The array of vertical rods 2 and the blades 3 on the vertical rods 2 are located in the first space, which serves as a seawater evaporation chamber, while the second space below the bottom plate 1 serves as a freshwater collection area.

[0091] The freshwater collection area is connected to a freshwater output pipe 10 for outputting the formed freshwater. The freshwater output pipe 10 is connected to the side shell wall 4. The first space is connected to a seawater inlet pipe 11, which is connected to the side shell wall 4 and the connection position is located above the bottom plate 1 for introducing seawater into the seawater evaporation chamber.

[0092] The method of using the interface evaporator in this embodiment is as follows: a set amount of seawater is introduced into the seawater evaporation chamber through the seawater inlet pipe, and the seawater level reaches the set position of the vertical rod.

[0093] Seawater spreads upwards along the vertical rod, evenly covering the surface of the vertical rod 2, and begins to evaporate. The resulting water vapor gradually condenses on the hydrophilic transparent cover 7, forming a water film. Under the influence of gravity, the water film converges and flows into the freshwater collection area, and is finally discharged through the freshwater output pipe 10.

[0094] The biomimetic interface evaporator in this embodiment can achieve 3.2 kg / m³. 2 With an evaporation efficiency of / h, the system water collection efficiency can reach 2.87kg / m³. 2 / h. This biomimetic interface evaporator integrates multiple functions such as light absorption, water transport, thermal management, and salt resistance. It can efficiently utilize solar energy for seawater desalination and has advantages such as high light absorption efficiency, fast evaporation rate, greenness, energy saving, and environmental protection.

[0095] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A biomimetic interfacial evaporation device, characterized in that, The bottom plate is vertically fixedly connected with bottom ends of a plurality of vertical rods arranged in an array, a circumferential surface of the vertical rod is provided with a plurality of groups of blades, blades in the same group are arranged along an axis direction of the vertical rod, and the blades are arranged to be inclined away from the bottom plate in a direction from a connecting end of the blade to a blade tip end along the blade and the vertical rod, the blade comprises a blade body, the blade body is connected with the vertical rod through a conical connecting portion, an end portion with a smaller area of the conical connecting portion is connected with the vertical rod, an end portion with a larger area of the conical connecting portion is connected with the blade body, a first included angle between a center generatrix of an upper half conical surface of the conical connecting portion and an axis of the vertical rod is larger than a second included angle between a center generatrix of a lower half conical surface of the conical connecting portion and the axis of the vertical rod, the vertical rod and the blade surface are each provided with a hydrophilic layer, the first included angle between the center generatrix of the upper half conical surface of the conical connecting portion and the axis of the vertical rod is 20°-90°, and the second included angle between the center generatrix of the lower half conical surface of the conical connecting portion and the axis of the vertical rod is 20°-70°. The liquid molecules have a large adsorption force with the solid wall surfaces of the vertical rods and the blades, the adhesion between the liquid molecules and the solid molecules is greater than the cohesion between the liquid molecules, the liquid spreads upward, and a concave meniscus is formed between the liquid and the blade wall surface in the process of spreading upward, the different first included angles and the second included angles on both sides of the blade conical connecting portion affect the formation of the meniscus with different shapes, when the liquid spreads from bottom to top, the meniscus formed by the first included angle is relatively flat, the surface tension makes the liquid more easily cross the edge of the blade, thereby reducing the resistance and being beneficial to the spreading of the liquid, when the liquid flows from top to bottom, the meniscus formed by the second included angle is relatively steep, the surface tension makes the liquid more easily pinned at the edge of the blade, the increased resistance makes it difficult for the liquid to flow downward. The bottom plate, the plurality of vertical rods and the blades are 3D printed to form a primary forming piece of the biomimetic interfacial evaporation device; The primary forming piece is cleaned, and then the primary forming piece is secondarily solidified; The primary forming piece after the secondary solidification is subjected to surface coating treatment, so that a hydrophilic layer is formed on the surface of the primary forming piece, after the formation of the hydrophilic layer, the preparation of the biomimetic interfacial evaporation device is completed; the specific steps of the surface coating treatment are as follows: The primary forming piece after the secondary solidification is immersed in a 0.08mol / L-0.12mol / L nitric acid solution for a set time; The immersed primary forming piece is cleaned until the pH value of the filtrate generated after the cleaning is neutral, and the cleaned primary forming piece is dried; A mixed solution of polydopamine and tetraethyl orthosilicate and a polypyrrole solution are alternately used to treat the surface of the primary forming piece, so that a hydrophilic layer is formed on the surface of the primary forming piece.

2. The biomimetic interfacial evaporation device of claim 1, wherein, The blades in the same group are equally spaced along the axis direction of the vertical rod, and the blades in adjacent groups are staggered along the axis direction of the vertical rod.

3. The biomimetic interfacial evaporation device of claim 1, wherein, The blades and the vertical rods are made of a photocurable resin material mixed with carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 99-100:0.1-0.

9.

4. A method of preparing a biomimetic interfacial evaporation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The following steps are included: The bottom plate, the plurality of vertical rods and the blades are 3D printed to form a primary forming piece of the biomimetic interfacial evaporation device; The primary forming piece is cleaned, and then the primary forming piece is secondarily solidified; The surface coating treatment is performed on the preliminary formed piece after the secondary solidification, so that a hydrophilic layer is formed on the surface of the preliminary formed piece, and the preparation of the biomimetic interface evaporation device is completed after the formation of the hydrophilic layer; the specific steps of the surface coating treatment are as follows: The preliminary formed piece after the secondary solidification is immersed in a nitric acid solution with a concentration of 0.08 mol / L-0.12 mol / L for a set time; The preliminary formed piece after the immersion is cleaned until the pH value of the filtrate generated after the cleaning is neutral, and the preliminary formed piece after the cleaning is dried; The surface of the preliminary formed piece is treated by alternately using a mixed solution of polydopamine and tetraethyl orthosilicate and a polypyrrole solution, so that a hydrophilic layer is formed on the surface of the preliminary formed piece.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: The preliminary formed piece is subjected to secondary solidification by using ultraviolet light.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: After each surface treatment of the preliminary formed piece, the preliminary formed piece is cleaned.

7. An interface evaporator characterized in that, The shell is internally provided with the biomimetic interface evaporation device according to any one of claims 1-3, the bottom plate of the biomimetic interface evaporation device divides the space in the shell into a first space and a second space which are in communication with each other, the second space below the biomimetic interface evaporation device serves as a fresh water collection area, the fresh water collection area is connected with a fresh water output pipe, the shell is further connected with a sea water introduction pipe which is in communication with the first space.

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