Permeable dam for treating agricultural non-point source pollution and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a permeable dam for treating agricultural non-point source pollution and a working method thereof.The permeable dam is arranged on a channel of a farmland and comprises a moso bamboo box body, the moso bamboo box body is filled with a plurality of coal cinder bags, and first arc-shaped pieces are arranged at the top of the outer side face of the upstream side of the moso bamboo box body in the full length direction of the moso bamboo box body; the arc center of the first arc-shaped piece faces the upstream side of the moso bamboo box body, the arc-shaped face part of the first arc-shaped piece is attached to the outer side face of the upstream side of the moso bamboo box body, and a plurality of shutter strips are arranged on the outer side face of the upstream side of the moso bamboo box body from top to bottom and located below the first arc-shaped piece along the full length of the moso bamboo box body. All the shutter strips are arranged in an inclined mode, the top ends of all the shutter strips are fixed to the outer side face of the upstream side of the moso bamboo box body, and a gap between every two adjacent shutter strips forms a water passing channel. The permeable dam can effectively intercept silt carried in water flow and prevent the silt from entering the moso bamboo box, and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water flow can be remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural non-point source pollution control technology, specifically relating to a permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in order to control agricultural non-point source pollution, permeable dams are usually set up in farmland channels or small and medium-sized rivers to filter and purify pollutants in rainwater runoff and farmland drainage, thereby preventing pollutants in the water from directly entering downstream rivers and thus avoiding impact on the entire area. The main function of permeable dams is to purify water quality, reduce the content of pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water flow, and intercept sediment in the water flow.

[0003] However, current permeable dams are mainly constructed using traditional building materials, which have technical shortcomings in water purification, drainage, and sediment removal. For example, patent CN104452674A discloses a combined ecological permeable dam, with the dam base divided into three parts: an anti-seepage layer, a permeable wall, and a gabion; patent CN104912037A discloses a semi-permeable dam body with adjustable water level, the permeable dam body being constructed from block riprap or bagged crushed stone; patent CN100464028C discloses an ecological permeable dam, the dam body being composed of dam-building materials of different particle sizes; patent CN216863928U discloses a quick-assembly ecological permeable dam for river water purification and total nitrogen removal, including a permeable tank, and bottom layers of gravel filler, bottom layers of microbial filler, microbial membrane, biowax blocks, upper layers of microbial filler, and upper layers of gravel filler placed inside the permeable tank and distributed from bottom to top; the dam bodies of the above patents cannot effectively prevent siltation of the permeable dam, the intercepted silt easily enters the dam body and cannot be removed, and the adsorption materials of the above patents have very poor performance and are not easy to replace, which will affect the adsorption effect. Therefore, how to ensure that permeable dams can fully perform their function of permeability and pollution removal to effectively avoid siltation, and how to scientifically select dam materials based on the characteristics of pollutants in the water flow, are issues that hinder the promotion and application of permeable dam technology.

[0004] In summary, the current management of agricultural non-point source pollution through irrigation canals mainly faces two challenges: firstly, how to significantly reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water flow; and secondly, how to effectively intercept sediment in the water flow. Therefore, there is an urgent need to innovate permeable dam technology to solve both problems at once, thereby achieving the goal of ecological management of farmland irrigation canals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and its working method, which can significantly reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water flow and effectively intercept the silt carried in the water flow, preventing the silt from entering the bamboo box.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution is disclosed. The permeable dam is arranged on a farmland channel and includes a bamboo box with an open top. The bamboo box is filled with multiple cinder bags. A first arc-shaped plate is arranged along the length of the bamboo box on the top of the outer side of the upstream side. The center of the arc of the first arc-shaped plate faces the upstream side of the bamboo box, and the arc-shaped surface of the first arc-shaped plate is attached to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box. Multiple louvers are arranged from top to bottom along the length of the bamboo box below the first arc-shaped plate on the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box. Each louver is arranged at an angle, and the top of each louver is fixed to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box. The gap between two adjacent louvers forms a water passage. The first arc-shaped plate is used to eliminate the impact of wind waves and floating objects on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box, and the first arc-shaped plate and each louver are used to intercept and prevent silt from entering the bamboo box.

[0008] Furthermore, a sedimentation tank is arranged along the entire length of the bamboo box on the channel upstream of the bamboo box, adjacent to the bamboo box. The sediment intercepted by the first arc-shaped plate and each louver strip slides into the sedimentation tank.

[0009] Furthermore, a planting trough is arranged at the top of the bamboo box, and the lower part of the planting trough is below the designed water level of the channel. The planting trough is used to seal the top opening of the bamboo box, and aquatic plants are planted in the planting trough.

[0010] Furthermore, a second arc-shaped piece is arranged along the entire length of the bamboo box on the top of the outer side of the downstream side. The center of the arc of the second arc-shaped piece faces the downstream side of the bamboo box, and the arc-shaped surface of the second arc-shaped piece is attached to the outer side of the downstream side of the bamboo box. The second arc-shaped piece is used to eliminate the impact of wind, waves and floating objects on the top of the downstream side of the bamboo box.

[0011] Furthermore, the top ends of both the first and second arc-shaped pieces are detachably connected to the bottom surface of the planting trough, the bottom end of the first arc-shaped piece is detachably connected to the adjacent louver strip on the lower side, and the arc-shaped surface of the second arc-shaped piece is attached to and fixed to the outer side of the downstream side of the bamboo box.

[0012] Furthermore, the length direction of the bamboo box is perpendicular to the extension direction of the channel; multiple cinder bags are used to fill the cavity inside the bamboo box.

[0013] Furthermore, the bamboo box body includes a bamboo frame, with a first bamboo wall arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the upstream end of the bamboo frame, and a second bamboo wall arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the downstream end of the bamboo frame.

[0014] Further, the moso bamboo framework is composed of a moso bamboo bottom plate, a plurality of moso bamboo columns, a plurality of moso bamboo cross beams and a plurality of moso bamboo connecting beams. The moso bamboo bottom plate is placed on the bottom surface of the channel. The moso bamboo cross beams are used to connect two adjacent moso bamboo columns arranged side by side along the extension direction of the channel. The moso bamboo connecting beams are used to connect two adjacent moso bamboo columns arranged side by side along the width direction of the channel. Every two moso bamboo columns on the top surface of the moso bamboo bottom plate and a corresponding moso bamboo cross beam form a single-bottom frame with a "mouth" - shaped structure whose orthographic projection is arranged along the extension direction of the channel. Every two moso bamboo columns above the single-bottom frame and two corresponding moso bamboo cross beams form a single frame with a "mouth" - shaped structure whose orthographic projection is arranged along the extension direction of the channel.

[0015] A working method of a permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution is as follows: The water flow carrying sediment flows in the channel of the farmland. The first arc-shaped piece eliminates the impact of wind waves and floating objects in the water flow on the top of the upstream side of the moso bamboo box body, and the first arc-shaped piece and each louver strip cooperate to intercept and prevent the sediment carried in the water flow from entering the moso bamboo box body. The intercepted sediment is deposited in the sedimentation tank of the channel on the upstream side of the moso bamboo box body. The water flow seeps into the moso bamboo box body through each water passage. The moso bamboo box body and the bagged cinder filled in the moso bamboo box body cooperate to adsorb, filter and purify the agricultural non-point source pollutants in the water flow, so as to reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water flow.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention relates to a permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution. The permeable dam is arranged on a farmland channel and includes a bamboo box with an open top. The bamboo box is filled with multiple cinder bags. A first arc-shaped piece is arranged along the length of the bamboo box on the top of the outer side of the upstream side. The center of the arc of the first arc-shaped piece faces the upstream side of the bamboo box, and the arc-shaped surface of the first arc-shaped piece is attached to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box. Multiple louvers are arranged from top to bottom along the length of the bamboo box below the first arc-shaped piece on the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box. Each louver is arranged at an angle, and the top of each louver is fixed to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box. The gap between two adjacent louvers forms a water passage. The first arc-shaped piece is used to eliminate the impact of wind waves and floating objects on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box. The first arc-shaped piece and each louver are used to intercept and prevent silt from entering the bamboo box. In this way, the water carrying silt flows through the irrigation canals in the farmland. The first arc-shaped plate eliminates the impact of wind waves and floating debris on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box. The first arc-shaped plate and the various louvers work together to intercept and prevent the silt carried by the water from entering the bamboo box. The intercepted silt is deposited in the channel upstream of the bamboo box. The water seeps into the bamboo box through the various water passages. The bamboo box and the bagged coal ash filling it work together to adsorb, filter, and purify agricultural non-point source pollutants in the water, reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus content. Therefore, through the design of the louvers on the upstream side of this permeable dam... This permeable dam effectively intercepts sediment carried in the water flow, preventing it from entering the bamboo box. It also significantly reduces the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water. Moreover, the bamboo box is made of bamboo, and both bamboo and coal ash are economical building materials, low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and green. Bamboo and coal ash are highly effective at treating nitrogen and phosphorus in the water flow. The bamboo box and bagged coal ash can both permeate and purify the water, ensuring the stability of the permeable dam and its filtration and purification effect on polluted water. Furthermore, the bagged coal ash is easy to replace, the bamboo box can be used for a long time, and the permeable dam has the advantages of being lightweight, easy to manufacture, and low in cost. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of the permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution in this invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the permeable dam along the channel width direction, i.e., the AA direction, in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the permeable dam along the channel width direction, i.e., the AA direction, in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the permeable dam along the channel extension direction, i.e., the BB direction, in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram showing the width of the bottom bamboo frame layer in a permeable dam is greater than the width of the top bamboo frame layer.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a bamboo frame.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the connection between the first arc-shaped piece and the planting trough, louvers, and bamboo box;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the connection between the middle louver strip and the first bamboo wall in the bamboo box;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Dimensioning diagram.

[0027] The following are the annotations in the diagram: 1. Permeable dam; 101. Bamboo box; 1011. Bamboo frame; 101101. Bamboo base plate; 1011011. Cantilever; 101102. Bamboo column; 101103. Bamboo beam; 101104. Bamboo connecting beam; 10112. Horizontal joint; 1012. First bamboo wall; 1013. Second bamboo wall; 102. Cinder bag; 103. First arc-shaped piece; 104. Louvered strip; 105. Water passage; 106. Planting trough; 107. Planting pot; 108. Aquatic plants; 109. Second arc-shaped piece; 2. Channel; 201. Embankment top; 202. Channel bottom. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution is disclosed. The permeable dam 1 is arranged on a canal 2 in farmland and includes a bamboo box 101 with an open top. The bamboo box 101 is filled with multiple cinder bags 102 containing cinders. A first arc-shaped piece 103 is arranged along the entire length of the bamboo box 101 on the top of the outer side of the upstream side. The arc center of the first arc-shaped piece 103 faces the upstream side of the bamboo box 101, and the arc-shaped surface of the first arc-shaped piece 103 is attached to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box 101. Multiple louvers 104 are arranged along the length of the bamboo box 101 from top to bottom below the first arc-shaped piece 103. Each louver 104 is arranged at an angle, and the top of each louver 104 is fixed to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box 101. The gap between two adjacent louvers 104 forms a water passage 105. The first arc-shaped piece 103 is used to eliminate the impact of wind waves and floating objects on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box 101. The first arc-shaped piece 103 and each louver 104 work together to intercept and prevent mud and sand from entering the bamboo box 101. The two ends of the channel 2 along the width direction are the embankment tops 201.

[0033] As the water carrying silt flows through the irrigation canal 2 in the farmland, the first arc-shaped plate 103 eliminates the impact of wind waves and floating debris on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box 101. The first arc-shaped plate 103 and the inclined louvers 104 work together to intercept and prevent the silt carried by the water from directly entering the bamboo box 101. The intercepted silt is deposited in the irrigation canal 2 upstream of the bamboo box 101. The water seeps into the bamboo box 101 through the water passages 105. The bamboo box 101 and the bagged coal ash filling it work together to adsorb, filter, and purify agricultural non-point source pollutants in the water, reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water. Therefore, this permeable dam 1 can effectively intercept the sediment carried in the water flow, preventing the sediment from entering the bamboo box 101, and can significantly reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water flow. Moreover, the bamboo box 101 is made of bamboo, and both bamboo and coal ash are economical building materials, low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and green. In addition, bamboo and coal ash are highly targeted at treating nitrogen and phosphorus in the water flow. The bamboo box 101 and the bagged coal ash can both permeate and purify the water body, and can ensure the stability of the permeable dam 1 and the infiltration and purification effect on polluted water bodies. Furthermore, the bagged coal ash is easy to replace, the bamboo box 101 can be used for a long time, and the permeable dam 1 has the advantages of being lightweight, easy to manufacture, and cost-controllable.

[0034] In one embodiment, a sedimentation tank is arranged along the entire length of the bamboo box 101 on the channel 2 upstream of the bamboo box 101, adjacent to the bamboo box 101. The sediment intercepted by the first arc-shaped plate 103 and each louver 104 slides into the sedimentation tank. Specifically, the sediment intercepted by the first arc-shaped plate 103 slides onto the uppermost louver 104. The sediment that slides onto the uppermost louver 104 and the sediment intercepted by the uppermost louver 104 slides onto the lower adjacent louver 104, and so on. The sediment that slides onto the lowermost louver 104 and the sediment intercepted by the lowermost louver 104 slides into the sedimentation tank. The sediment settled in the sedimentation tank is periodically cleaned manually underwater.

[0035] In one embodiment,

[0036] like Figure 4As shown, a planting trough 106 is arranged at the top of the bamboo box 101. The lower part of the planting trough 106 is below the designed water level of the channel 2. The planting trough 106 is used to seal the top opening of the bamboo box 101. Aquatic plants 108 are planted in the planting trough 106. Preferably, the planting trough 106 is made of bamboo strips and has a height of not less than 200mm. The planting trough 106 has the function of water permeability and water purification. Multiple planting pots 107 are set in the planting trough 106 to plant aquatic plants 108. Preferably, half of the height of the planting trough 106 is placed below the designed water level of the channel 2 to ensure the growth of aquatic plants 108 and to give full play to the role of aquatic plants 108 in purifying water. In addition, aquatic plants 108 can also enhance the landscape effect.

[0037] Preferably, the cinder bags 102 can be made of geotextile. The size of the cinder bags 102 should be such that one person can move them. Generally, after 3 years of operation, the cinders in the cinder bags 102 will be saturated with harmful substances and need to be replaced. When replacing the cinders, remove the planting trough 106 and pull out the cinder bags 102 one by one from the top opening of the bamboo box 101. The cinder bags 102 can be reused, and the cinders can be replaced.

[0038] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, a second arc-shaped piece 109 is arranged along the entire length of the bamboo box 101 on the top of the outer side of the downstream side. The center of the arc of the second arc-shaped piece 109 faces the downstream side of the bamboo box 101, and the arc-shaped surface of the second arc-shaped piece 109 is attached to the outer side of the downstream side of the bamboo box 101. The second arc-shaped piece 109 is used to eliminate the impact of wind waves and floating objects on the top of the downstream side of the bamboo box 101.

[0039] The top ends of the first arc-shaped piece 103 and the second arc-shaped piece 109 are detachably connected to the bottom surface of the planting trough 106. The bottom end of the first arc-shaped piece 103 is detachably connected to the adjacent louvered strip 104 on its lower side. The arc-shaped surface of the second arc-shaped piece 109 is attached to and fixed to the outer side of the downstream side of the bamboo box 101. Preferably, the first arc-shaped piece 103 and the second arc-shaped piece 109 are woven from bamboo strips and have a smooth surface, which facilitates the downward sliding of mud and sand.

[0040] In one embodiment,

[0041] The length direction of the bamboo box 101 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the channel 2; multiple cinder bags 102 are used to fill the cavity inside the bamboo box 101, see Figure 4 .

[0042] The bamboo box 101 includes a bamboo frame 1011. First bamboo walls 1012 are arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the upstream end of the bamboo frame 1011, and second bamboo walls 1013 are arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the downstream end of the bamboo frame 1011. Figure 4In this way, the top ends of each louver strip 104 are fixed to the outer surface of the first bamboo wall 1012 on the outer side of the upstream end of the bamboo framework 1011, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 . The arc surface part of the first arc-shaped piece 103 is adhered to the outer surface of the first bamboo wall 1012 on the outer side of the upstream end of the bamboo framework 1011, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 7 . The arc surface part of the second arc-shaped piece 109 is adhered to the outer surface of the second bamboo wall 1013 on the outer side of the downstream end of the bamboo framework 1011, as shown in Figure 4 . Preferably, both the first bamboo wall 1012 and the second bamboo wall 1013 are bamboo rafts, where the bamboo raft is a net-like structure woven from bamboo slices. Specifically, the bamboo tube is cut into slices from the middle and woven into a net-shaped bamboo raft, and the bamboo raft is tied and fixed to the bamboo framework 1011. Preferably, the inclination angles of each louver strip 104 are the same, and the angle between the louver strip 104 and the first bamboo wall 1012 is 30°. The vertical distance between the top ends of two adjacent upper and lower louver strips 104 is h, and the distance between the top end and the bottom end of each louver strip 104 is L, where L = (1.1 - 1.3)h, as shown in Figure 9 . Preferably, the louver strip 104 is woven from bamboo strips and has a smooth surface, which is beneficial for sediment to slide down.

[0043] Among them, as Figure 6 shown, the bamboo framework 1011 is composed of a bamboo bottom plate 101101, multiple bamboo columns 101102, multiple bamboo cross beams 101103 and multiple bamboo connecting beams 101104. The bamboo bottom plate 101101 is placed on the bottom surface of the channel 2. The bamboo cross beam 101103 is used to connect two adjacent bamboo columns 101102 arranged side by side along the extension direction of the channel 2. The bamboo connecting beam 101104 is used to connect two adjacent bamboo columns 101102 arranged side by side along the width direction of the channel 2. Every two bamboo columns 101102 on the top surface of the bamboo bottom plate 101101 and a corresponding bamboo cross beam 101103 form a single-bottom frame with a positive projection arranged along the extension direction of the channel 2 and in a "mouth" - shaped structure. Every two bamboo columns 101102 above the single-bottom frame and two corresponding bamboo cross beams 101103 form a single frame with a positive projection arranged along the extension direction of the channel 2 and in a "mouth" - shaped structure.

[0044] Among them, as Figure 6As shown, the bamboo frame 1011 comprises multiple layers from top to bottom. In the bottom layer, multiple single-frame bottom sections are arranged side-by-side along the width of the channel 2. Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent single-frame bottom sections is generally 0.8-1.2m. In each upper layer, multiple single-frame bottom sections are arranged side-by-side along the width of the channel 2. Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent single-frame bottom sections in each upper layer is also generally 0.8-1.2m. The width of a single-frame bottom section or single-frame bottom section along the channel extension direction is determined by the width of the permeable dam 1. When splicing adjacent layers, corresponding bamboo crossbeams 101103 are snapped together, and corresponding bamboo connecting beams 101104 are snapped together, forming a transverse joint 10112 between adjacent layers. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Preferably, the bottom bamboo pillar 101102 is made of two bamboo poles, while the bamboo pillars 101102 in each of the remaining layers are made of one bamboo pole, wherein all bamboo pillars 101102 are of equal length. Preferably, the bamboo base plate 101101 consists of a layer of bamboo rafts, a row of closely arranged bamboo poles, and another layer of bamboo rafts, wherein the row of closely arranged bamboo poles forms a dense bamboo slab. A cantilever 1011011 is provided on the downstream side of the bamboo base plate 101101 to increase the stability of the permeable dam 1. The bamboo rafts of the bamboo base plate 101101 are tied together with the dense bamboo slab. The bottom bamboo rafts rest directly on the bottom surface of the channel 2, i.e., the channel bottom 202, to provide anti-slip force for the permeable dam 1. When it is necessary to increase the anti-slip force, a short wooden pile foundation can be used instead of the bamboo base plate 101101. Preferably, all bamboo crossbeams 101103 are of equal length.

[0045] Preferably, the bamboo rafts of the first bamboo wall 1012 and the second bamboo wall 1013 are fixed to the bamboo columns 101102, bamboo beams 101103, and bamboo connecting beams 101104 of the bamboo frame 1011 by binding. The first bamboo wall 1012 and the second bamboo wall 1013 are both composed of multiple bamboo rafts, and the multiple bamboo rafts of the first bamboo wall 1012 and the second bamboo wall 1013 are fixed to each other by binding. In this way, the first bamboo wall 1012 and the second bamboo wall 1013 form a multi-sided supported bamboo raft wall structure, and both are simply supported structures, which can adapt to uneven settlement of the foundation and can automatically adjust the level. Preferably, the bamboo rafts are bound to the bamboo columns 101102, bamboo beams 101103, and bamboo connecting beams 101104 of the bamboo frame 1011 by galvanized iron wire. Generally, each bamboo raft has 2-5 binding points.

[0046] A method for using a permeable dam to control agricultural non-point source pollution is as follows: Water carrying sediment flows in a channel 2 in the farmland. A first arc-shaped plate 103 eliminates the impact of wind waves and floating objects in the water flow on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box 101. The first arc-shaped plate 103 and each louver 104 work together to intercept and prevent the sediment carried in the water flow from directly entering the bamboo box 101. The intercepted sediment is deposited in a sedimentation tank on the upstream side of the bamboo box 101. The water flow seeps into the bamboo box 101 through each water passage 105. The bamboo box 101 and the bagged coal ash filled inside the bamboo box 101 work together to adsorb, filter, and purify the agricultural non-point source pollutants in the water flow, thereby reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water flow.

[0047] In this invention, bamboo rafts can degrade pollutants in water. Moreover, the microbial phospholipid content and dehydrogenase activity attached to the surface of bamboo rafts are high, which can provide space for the attachment, growth and reproduction of microorganisms in water. The increased number of microorganisms can further promote the degradation of pollutants in water, creating a virtuous cycle that is ecological and environmentally friendly. Bamboo rafts are natural ecological materials with biocompatibility, rough surfaces and large specific surface areas, providing habitats for plankton and a food chain for fish. Even if the bamboo rafts decompose after many years, they will not pollute the water and can provide a food chain for aquatic organisms.

[0048] In this invention, all components of the bamboo box 101 are made of natural and eco-friendly bamboo, wherein the bamboo raft reduces COD and NO in the water. 3- The removal rates of N and TP are both relatively high, which has a significant effect on improving the water purification capacity of Channel 2. The mechanical properties of the bamboo box 101 meet the requirements of the standard for bamboo reinforcement materials.

[0049] In this invention, coal slag is a porous material with an enlarged structure and honeycomb-like pores. It is insoluble in water and, after screening and washing, can be used as an adsorbent material. It can filter out visible particulate matter and has a good effect on removing odors, suspended solids, and chromogenic substances from water. It is an inexpensive filtration and adsorption material. This invention adopts a dynamic principle, with the permeable dam 1 integrating filtration and adsorption for water purification in the channel 2. In addition, the comprehensive utilization of coal slag greatly reduces the amount of solid waste generated, saves the land area occupied by solid waste, and avoids many pollution problems. The large-scale utilization of coal slag can make use of waste, saving resources and energy while creating new economic value.

[0050] The main chemical components of coal slag are 40-50 wt% SiO2, 30-35 wt% Al2O3, 4-20 wt% Fe2O3, 1-5 wt% CaO, and small amounts of magnesium, sulfur, carbon, etc. The specific surface area of ​​coal slag is 500-2000 m². 2 / m 3Because coal slag has a loose and porous structure with a large specific surface area, it has a certain adsorption capacity and can be used to adsorb pollutants in water. The Ca, Fe, and Al in coal slag can precipitate soluble phosphorus in water; therefore, coal slag has a strong chemical and physical adsorption effect on phosphorus. Organic pollutants in the water of Channel 2 usually have large molecular weights and are easily adsorbed and retained by the loose and porous coal slag. Addressing the issue that agricultural non-point source pollution mainly consists of sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus, this invention utilizes a permeable dam 1 to slow down the water flow. Sediment settles in a sedimentation tank and is manually cleaned. The submerged coal slag, along with bamboo raft filtration and adsorption, helps eliminate nitrogen, phosphorus, and other substances in agricultural tailwater, thus protecting the aquatic environment.

[0051] In this invention, in the channel 2 of farmland that needs to intercept sand and remove pollution, the dam site should be selected according to the length of the channel 2 and the surface pollution status, and the interception and removal should be carried out in sections to improve the interception effect. Generally, the permeable dam 1 is set in the middle or at the end of the channel 2.

[0052] The cross-section of the permeable dam 1 along the width of channel 2 is trapezoidal. Based on the width, water depth, and construction level of channel 2, the number of layers of bamboo frame 1011 in the permeable dam 1 and the number of single bottom frames or single frames in each layer are reasonably determined. Generally, when the width of channel 2 is small and the water depth is less than 2m, the bamboo frame 1011 of the permeable dam 1 has two layers. The single bottom frames in the bottom layer enclose one space along the width of channel 2, and the single frames in the upper layer enclose two spaces along the width of channel 2. (See...) Figure 2 When channel 2 is wide or the water depth is greater than 2.0m, the bamboo frame 1011 of the permeable dam 1 has three layers. The bottom layer's single frame forms two spaces along the width of channel 2, and the remaining layers' single frames form three spaces along the width of channel 2. See Figure 3 .

[0053] The cross-section of the permeable dam 1 extending along the channel 2 is rectangular. The bamboo frame 1011 within the permeable dam 1 consists of two layers. The width of a single bottom frame in the bottom layer is equal to the width of a single frame in the upper layer, and the height of a single bottom frame in the bottom layer is equal to the height of a single frame in the upper layer. The width direction of a single bottom frame or single frame corresponds to the water flow direction in the channel 2. When the dam body of the permeable dam 1 is relatively high, the heights of the two layers of bamboo frame 1011 are the same, but the width of a single bottom frame in the bottom layer is greater than the width of a single frame in the upper layer. (See...) Figure 5 This is to increase the stability of the dam.

[0054] The construction process of the permeable dam 1 in this invention is as follows: the factory completes the production of bamboo pillars 101102, bamboo beams 101103, bamboo connecting beams 101104, the first bamboo wall 1012, and the second bamboo wall 1013, etc.; the bamboo pillars 101102, bamboo beams 101103, and bamboo connecting beams 101104 are spliced ​​together to form a bamboo frame 1011; and the first bamboo wall 1012 and the second bamboo wall 1013 are connected. 13 is installed on the bamboo frame 1011 to form a bamboo box 101. The first arc-shaped piece 103, the second arc-shaped piece 109 and the louver strip 104 are installed on the bamboo box 101. Cinders are placed in cinder bags 102 and the cinder bags 102 are filled into the bamboo box 101. The planting trough 106 is installed on the top of the bamboo box 101 to obtain a permeable dam 1. The permeable dam 1 is transported to the site and hoisted and installed on the channel 2.

[0055] The permeable dam 1 in this invention is also suitable for small and medium-sized rivers.

[0056] The advantages of the permeable dam 1 in this invention are its significant long-term benefits. The main materials of the permeable dam 1 are bamboo and coal slag, which are ecological adsorption materials. They can be used for waste utilization, are easy to maintain and replace, and have low cost. They do not generate energy during operation, adsorb and reduce pollution, and can purify water bodies for a long time. They can also maintain the biodiversity of the channel 2. By intercepting silt in the water and adsorbing and degrading pollutants in the water, the permeable dam 1 can control agricultural non-point source pollution and reduce the pollution load on the water body of the channel 2. This ecological permeable dam 1 has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and requires less investment.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution, characterized in that: The permeable dam (1) is arranged on the irrigation canal (2) of the farmland and includes a bamboo box (101) with an open top. The bamboo box (101) is filled with a plurality of cinder bags (102) containing cinders. A first arc-shaped piece (103) is arranged along the length of the bamboo box (101) on the top of the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box (101). The arc center of the first arc-shaped piece (103) faces the upstream side of the bamboo box (101), and the arc-shaped surface of the first arc-shaped piece (103) is attached to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box (101). The first arc-shaped piece is located on the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box (101). Below (103), a plurality of louvered strips (104) are arranged from top to bottom along the entire length of the bamboo box (101). Each louvered strip (104) is arranged at an angle and the top of each louvered strip (104) is fixed to the outer side of the upstream side of the bamboo box (101). The gap between two adjacent louvered strips (104) forms a water passage (105). The first arc-shaped piece (103) is used to eliminate the impact of wind waves and floating objects on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box (101). The first arc-shaped piece (103) and each louvered strip (104) work together to intercept and prevent mud and sand from entering the bamboo box (101).

2. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the channel (2) upstream of the bamboo box (101), a sedimentation tank is arranged along the entire length of the bamboo box (101) at a position adjacent to the bamboo box (101). The first arc-shaped plate (103) and each louver (104) work together to intercept the sediment and allow it to slide into the sedimentation tank.

3. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the bamboo box (101) is provided with a planting trough (106), the lower part of the planting trough (106) is below the design water level of the channel (2), the planting trough (106) is used to seal the top opening of the bamboo box (101), and aquatic plants (108) are planted in the planting trough (106).

4. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second arc-shaped piece (109) is arranged along the entire length of the outer surface of the downstream side of the bamboo box (101). The center of the arc of the second arc-shaped piece (109) faces the downstream side of the bamboo box (101), and the arc-shaped surface of the second arc-shaped piece (109) is attached to the outer surface of the downstream side of the bamboo box (101). The second arc-shaped piece (109) is used to eliminate the impact of wind waves and floating objects on the top of the downstream side of the bamboo box (101).

5. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top ends of the first arc-shaped piece (103) and the second arc-shaped piece (109) are detachably connected to the bottom surface of the planting trough (106). The bottom end of the first arc-shaped piece (103) is detachably connected to the adjacent louver strip (104) on the lower side. The arc-shaped surface of the second arc-shaped piece (109) is attached to and fixed to the outer side of the downstream side of the bamboo box (101).

6. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length direction of the bamboo box (101) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the channel (2); multiple cinder bags (102) cooperate to fill the cavity inside the bamboo box (101).

7. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bamboo box body (101) includes a bamboo framework (1011). On both the inner and outer sides at the upstream end of the bamboo framework (1011), there are arranged first bamboo walls (1012), and on both the inner and outer sides at the downstream end of the bamboo framework (1011), there are arranged second bamboo walls (1013).

8. A permeable dam for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bamboo framework (1011) is composed of a bamboo bottom plate (101101), multiple bamboo columns (101102), multiple bamboo cross beams (101103), and multiple bamboo connecting beams (101104). The bamboo bottom plate (101101) is placed on the bottom surface of the channel (2). The bamboo cross beams (101103) are used to connect two adjacent bamboo columns (101102) arranged side by side along the extension direction of the channel (2). The bamboo connecting beams (101104) are used to connect two adjacent bamboo columns (101102) arranged side by side along the width direction of the channel (2). Every two bamboo columns (101102) on the top surface of the bamboo bottom plate (101101) and a corresponding bamboo cross beam (101103) form a single-story bottom framework with a "mouth" - shaped structure whose orthographic projection is arranged along the extension direction of the channel (2). Every two bamboo columns (101102) above the single-story bottom framework and two corresponding bamboo cross beams (101103) form a single-story framework with a "mouth" - shaped structure whose orthographic projection is arranged along the extension direction of the channel (2).

9. A method for using a permeable dam to control agricultural non-point source pollution according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Specifically: The water flow carrying sediment flows in the channel (2) of the farmland. The first arc - shaped piece (103) eliminates the impact of wind waves and floating objects in the water flow on the top of the upstream side of the bamboo box body (101). The first arc - shaped piece (103) and each louver strip (104) cooperate to intercept and prevent the sediment carried in the water flow from entering the bamboo box body (101). The intercepted sediment is deposited in the channel (2) on the upstream side of the bamboo box body (101). The water flow seeps into the bamboo box body (101) through each water - passing channel (105). The bamboo box body (101) and the bagged cinder filled in the bamboo box body (101) cooperate to adsorb, filter, and purify the agricultural non - point source pollutants in the water flow to reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water flow.

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