Product quality online sampling inspection device for pet food production line
By using an online product quality sampling and inspection device on the pet food production line, automated sampling, testing, and crushing are achieved, solving the problems of high labor intensity and pollution caused by manual sampling, and improving production efficiency and the reliability of quality control.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510979366.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing sampling inspection method for pet food production lines relies on manual sampling, which results in high labor intensity for operators, long time consumption, and potential introduction of external contamination, affecting food hygiene and quality.
An online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line was designed, including a sampling component, a visual inspection component, a crushing component, and a precision electronic scale, to achieve automated sampling, inspection, and crushing operations, reducing manual intervention.
It improves the efficiency of pet food production and the reliability of quality control, simplifies the operation process, and reduces the risk of contamination introduced by manual operation.
Smart Images

Figure CN120926875A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of pet food testing technology, specifically to an online product quality sampling inspection device for pet food production lines. Background Technology
[0002] Pet food refers to food specifically designed and produced for pets, aiming to meet their nutritional needs at different stages of growth, health conditions, and lifestyles. There are many types of pet food, including dry food, wet food, snacks, and health supplements. Their ingredients and formulas are scientifically designed to ensure that pets can obtain sufficient nutrients such as energy, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals.
[0003] Quality control is a crucial aspect of pet food production. To ensure the safety and nutritional value of pet food, regular random inspections of the products are necessary during the production process.
[0004] Existing sampling methods typically involve manual handheld samplers to take samples from food on the production line, which are then sent to testing equipment for analysis. However, manual sampling requires frequent intervention from operators, increasing their workload. Furthermore, the entire process from sampling to testing is time-consuming, and manual operation may introduce external contamination, affecting the hygiene and quality of the food. Therefore, this paper proposes an online product quality sampling device for pet food production lines to address these issues. Summary of the Invention
[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an online product quality sampling inspection device for pet food production lines. This device enables random sampling and testing of products, and its overall operation is simple and quick. It effectively ensures the production quality of pet food, improves production efficiency, and enhances the reliability of quality control. This solves the problems of existing sampling methods that typically involve manual handheld samplers to collect samples from the production line and then sending them to testing equipment. Manual sampling requires frequent operator intervention, increasing labor intensity, and the entire process from sampling to testing is time-consuming. Furthermore, manual operation may introduce external contamination, affecting the hygiene and quality of the food.
[0006] (II) Technical Solution The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line, comprising a production line shell with a continuous conveying channel for pet food production and a fixed frame fixedly installed inside the production line shell. A sampling component, a visual inspection component, and a crushing component are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the production line shell along the opposite direction of the production line conveying. A linear transmission component is arranged on the inner side of the fixed frame. A linearly movable connecting shell is fixedly connected to the top of the linear transmission component. A horizontally retractable precision electronic scale is installed on the outer side of the connecting shell through a pushing component. The precision electronic scale is used to weigh the sampled pet food.
[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) The online product quality sampling inspection device used in this pet food production line has the function of randomly sampling and testing products, and the overall operation process is simple and quick.
[0008] 2) The online product quality sampling inspection device used in this pet food production line has the advantages of effectively ensuring the production quality of pet food, improving production efficiency and the reliability of quality control.
[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.
[0010] Furthermore, the sampling assembly includes a sampling cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the production line housing, a sampling frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the output end of the sampling cylinder, a sampling frame, and a telescopic cylinder. The sampling frame is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sampling frame via a hinge support and is used for collecting and sampling pet food. The output end and support end of the telescopic cylinder are rotatably connected to the outside of the sampling frame and the sampling frame, respectively.
[0011] Furthermore, the visual inspection component includes an inspection frame fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing and an inspection camera installed below the inspection frame. The inspection camera is used to visually inspect the morphological parameters of pet food, including quantity and size specifications.
[0012] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes: a crushing frame, fixedly connected to the outside of the production line housing; a crushing cylinder, fixedly connected to the outer connecting plate of the crushing frame, and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic end of the crushing cylinder; a crushing head, rotatably connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate; and a rotating assembly, fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting plate, for driving the crushing head to rotate; the rotating assembly includes: a drive motor, fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plate; a driven gear, fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing head; and a driving wheel, fixedly installed on the bottom end of the drive end of the drive motor, meshing with the driven gear, for driving the crushing head to rotate.
[0013] Furthermore, the linear transmission assembly includes a transmission threaded rod rotatably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame, a movable plate threaded to the outer side of the transmission threaded rod, and a power assembly for driving the transmission threaded rod to rotate. The outer side of the movable plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting shell. There are two transmission threaded rods, which are symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the fixed frame.
[0014] Furthermore, the power assembly includes a power worm gear fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission threaded rod, a power motor fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed frame, and a power worm fixedly connected to the outside of the output end of the power motor. The power worm gear and the power worm mesh with each other on their outer sides, and the outer side of the power worm is rotatably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame.
[0015] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes a pushing cylinder, a pushing plate, and a limiting slider. The pushing cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shell, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the pushing plate. The limiting slider is installed on the bottom end of the pushing plate and is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting shell.
[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a cleaning component and a collection component. The cleaning component is fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing and is used to clean the pet food on the surface of the precision electronic scale. The collection component is fixedly connected to the outside of the push component and is used to collect the cleaned pet food.
[0017] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes a cleaning frame and a cleaning head. The cleaning frame is fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing, and the cleaning head is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cleaning frame. The bottom surface of the cleaning head and the top surface of the precision electronic scale are on the same horizontal line to ensure that the cleaning head can effectively clean the surface of the precision electronic scale.
[0018] Furthermore, the collection component includes a collection rack and a collection box. The collection rack is fixedly installed on the outside of the push component, and the collection box is embedded in the top of the collection rack and located directly below the precision electronic scale for collecting pet food scraps swept off the surface of the precision electronic scale. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of the driven gear and the driving gear of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a connection diagram of the transmission threaded rod and the moving plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a connection diagram of the movable plate and the connecting shell of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the crushing head of the present invention.
[0020] In the diagram: 1. Production line casing; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Sampling assembly; 31. Sampling cylinder; 32. Sampling frame; 33. Sampling frame; 34. Telescopic cylinder; 4. Vision inspection assembly; 41. Inspection frame; 42. Inspection camera; 5. Crushing assembly; 51. Crushing frame; 52. Crushing cylinder; 53. Connecting plate; 54. Crushing head; 55. Rotating assembly; 5501. Drive motor; 5502. Driven gear; 5503. Drive wheel; 6. Linear transmission assembly; 61. Transmission threaded rod; 62. Moving plate; 63. Power assembly; 6301. Power worm gear; 6302. Power motor; 6303. Power worm; 7. Connecting shell; 8. Push assembly; 81. Push cylinder; 82. Push plate; 83. Limit slider; 9. Precision electronic scale; 10. Cleaning assembly; 101. Cleaning frame; 102. Cleaning head; 11. Collection assembly; 111. Collection rack; 112. Collection box. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] Example 1, by Figure 1-6 This invention discloses an online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line. The device includes a production line housing 1 with a continuous conveying channel for pet food production and a fixing frame 2 fixedly installed inside the production line housing 1. A sampling component 3, a visual inspection component 4, and a crushing component 5 are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the production line housing 1 along the reverse direction of the conveying process. After the pet food is sampled by the sampling component 3, it is then inspected by the visual inspection component 4. If any product is found to be substandard, the crushing component 5 crushes the pet food, thus realizing a streamlined sampling-inspection-crushing process for pet food quality control. In the measurement operation, a linear transmission assembly 6 is provided on the inner side of the fixed frame 2. A linearly movable connecting shell 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the linear transmission assembly 6. A horizontally retractable precision electronic scale 9 is installed on the outer side of the connecting shell 7 via a pushing assembly 8. The linear transmission assembly 6 can move the pet food placed under the visual inspection assembly 4 and the crushing assembly 5. The pushing assembly 8 can move the precision electronic scale 9 under the sampling assembly 3 to receive the pet food. The precision electronic scale 9 is used to weigh the sampled pet food. A baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the precision electronic scale 9 to facilitate blocking the pet food.
[0023] The sampling assembly 3 includes a sampling cylinder 31 fixedly connected to the top of the production line housing 1, a sampling frame 32 fixedly connected to the bottom of the output end of the sampling cylinder 31, a sampling frame 33, and a telescopic cylinder 34. The sampling frame 33 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sampling frame 32 through a hinge support and is used for collecting and sampling pet food. The output end and support end of the telescopic cylinder 34 are rotatably connected to the outside of the sampling frame 33 and the sampling frame 32, respectively.
[0024] When it is necessary to sample pet food, the sampling cylinder 31 is activated to lower the sampling frame 33 at the bottom of the sampling frame 32. When the sampling frame 33 is lowered onto the production line, the pet food will enter the inner side of the sampling frame 33. Then, the telescopic cylinder 34 is activated to make the pet food fall into the inner side of the sampling frame 33. Then, the sampling frame 33 is moved up to complete the sampling operation of the pet food sample.
[0025] The visual inspection component 4 includes an inspection frame 41 fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing 1 and an inspection camera 42 installed below the inspection frame 41. The inspection camera 42 is used to visually inspect the morphological parameters of pet food, including quantity and size specifications.
[0026] The outer shell 1 of the production line is equipped with a control panel and a storage module. The control panel is used to control the operation of the entire device, while the storage module is used to store product information.
[0027] The number and size of the pet food samples at the top of the precision electronic scale 9 can be detected by the detection camera 42. There are two methods for evaluating pet food samples: 1) Whether the pet food samples scattered on the top of the precision electronic scale 9 are of consistent size. The maximum size deviation of a single food piece shall not exceed ±15% of the standard value. When more than 10% of the samples are found to have obvious morphological differences (such as cracks, collapses, deformations and other structural defects) during sampling inspection, the batch shall be directly judged as unqualified. This can be directly judged by the detection camera 42. The cause of this problem may be a pelleting problem in the pelleting machine during the production process. Feedback can be provided and archived.
[0028] 2) When the volume size is qualified, since the density of qualified pet food is consistent, its mass size should be within a qualified range. When the pet food is found to be outside the qualified range by the precision electronic scale 9, the batch is directly judged as unqualified. Then it is moved to the crushing component 5 for crushing operation. Then the specific cause is analyzed again by the detection camera 42. The cause of this problem may be that the meat is not crushed completely, resulting in the meat pieces being too large, the raw materials are not mixed evenly (such as starch clumping), or the extrusion process is improper (temperature / pressure fluctuation > 5%). Then feedback is given and archived.
[0029] Once the issues are archived, it will be easier to make improvements to the process, making pet food production more compliant with regulations.
[0030] The crushing assembly 5 includes: a crushing frame 51, fixedly connected to the outside of the production line housing 1; a crushing cylinder 52, fixedly connected to the outside of the crushing frame 51; a connecting plate 53, fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic end of the crushing cylinder 52; a crushing head 54, rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting plate 53; multiple crushing protrusions are fixedly connected below the crushing head 54 to facilitate crushing operations; and a rotating assembly 55, fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 53 to drive the crushing head 54 to rotate. The rotating assembly 55 includes: a drive motor 5501, fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plate 53; a driven gear 5502, fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing head 54; and a drive wheel 5503, fixedly installed on the bottom of the drive end of the drive motor 5501, meshing with the driven gear 5502 to drive the crushing head 54 to rotate.
[0031] When the pet food ingredients that need to be crushed are moved below the crushing head 54, the crushing cylinder 52 is activated, which causes the crushing head 54 to move down, thereby crushing the pet food. At the same time, the drive motor 5501 is activated, and the rotation of the drive wheel 5503, in conjunction with the driven gear 5502, causes the crushing head 54 to rotate, which makes the pet food crushed more clearly, facilitating subsequent inspection operations. In addition, the outer side of the crushing head 54 is coated with an anti-stick coating, which can effectively prevent pet food from sticking to the surface of the crushing head 54.
[0032] The linear transmission assembly 6 includes a transmission threaded rod 61 rotatably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 2, a movable plate 62 threadedly connected to the outer side of the transmission threaded rod 61, and a power assembly 63 that drives the transmission threaded rod 61 to rotate. The outer side of the movable plate 62 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting shell 7. There are two transmission threaded rods 61, which are symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the fixed frame 2.
[0033] The power assembly 63 includes a power worm gear 6301 fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission threaded rod 61, a power motor 6302 fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed frame 2, and a power worm 6303 fixedly connected to the outside of the output end of the power motor 6302. The power worm gear 6301 and the power worm 6303 mesh with each other on the outside, and the outside of the power worm 6303 is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed frame 2.
[0034] Starting the power motor 6302 causes the power worm gear 6303 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission threaded rod 61 to rotate via the power worm wheel 6301. This allows the pet food raw materials above the moving plate 62 to move left and right, facilitating testing operations.
[0035] The pushing assembly 8 includes a pushing cylinder 81, a pushing plate 82, and a limiting slider 83. The pushing cylinder 81 is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shell 7, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the pushing plate 82. The limiting slider 83 is installed on the bottom end of the pushing plate 82 and is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting shell 7.
[0036] The push component 8 can move the precision electronic scale 9 below the sampling frame 33 for convenient sampling operations.
[0037] Working principle: When sampling and testing of pet food is required, the sampling cylinder 31 is activated to lower the sampling frame 33 at the bottom of the sampling frame 32. When the sampling frame 33 is lowered onto the production line, the pet food will enter the inside of the sampling frame 33. Then, the telescopic cylinder 34 is activated to make the pet food fall into the inside of the sampling frame 33. Then, the sampling frame 33 is moved up, and the push cylinder 81 is activated to make the precision electronic scale 9 below the sampling frame 33. Then, the pet food sample is poured onto the top of the precision electronic scale 9. Reactivating the push cylinder 81 allows the precision electronic scale 9 to perform a retrieval operation. Through the linear transmission assembly 6, the precision electronic scale 9 is moved directly below the detection camera 42, and the detection camera 42, in conjunction with the precision electronic scale 9, detects whether the product is qualified. When the product is defective, the precision electronic scale 9 is moved below the crushing head 54, and the crushing cylinder 52 is activated to make the crushing head 54 move down, so that the pet food can be crushed. At the same time, the drive motor 5501 is activated, and the rotation of the drive wheel 5503 and the driven gear 5502 can make the crushing head 54 rotate, so that the pet food can be crushed more clearly. The crushed pet food is then moved under the detection camera 42 for photographic recording. At the same time, the entire production line stops production to investigate the cause before resuming production.
[0038] Example 2, by Figure 2 Give, The system also includes a cleaning component 10 and a collection component 11. The cleaning component 10 is fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing 1 and is used to clean the pet food on the surface of the precision electronic scale 9. The collection component 11 is fixedly connected to the outside of the push component 8 and is used to collect the cleaned pet food.
[0039] The cleaning assembly 10 includes a cleaning frame 101 and a cleaning head 102. The cleaning frame 101 is fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing 1, and the cleaning head 102 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cleaning frame 101. The bottom surface of the cleaning head 102 and the top surface of the precision electronic scale 9 are on the same horizontal line to ensure that the cleaning head 102 can effectively clean the surface of the precision electronic scale 9.
[0040] When the pet food sample moves under the cleaning head 102, it will be cleaned by the cleaning head 102.
[0041] The collection component 11 includes a collection rack 111 and a collection box 112. The collection rack 111 is fixedly installed on the outside of the push component 8, and the collection box 112 is embedded in the top of the collection rack 111 and is located directly below the precision electronic scale 9. It is used to collect pet food scraps swept off the surface of the precision electronic scale 9.
[0042] During the cleaning process of the cleaning head 102, pet food ingredients will fall into the collection box 112 and be collected by the collection box 112 for convenient subsequent processing.
[0043] Working principle: After the pet food sample testing is completed, the precision electronic scale 9 will continue to move. When it moves to the outside of the cleaning head 102, the cleaning head 102 can clean the pet food sample on the surface of the precision electronic scale 9. At the same time, during the continuous movement of the precision electronic scale 9, the pet food sample on its surface will fall into the collection box 112 and be collected by the collection box 112. This will clean the pet food residue on the surface of the precision electronic scale 9, making it convenient for the next pet food raw material sampling and testing operation.
[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line, comprising a production line housing (1) having a continuous conveying channel for pet food production and a fixing frame (2) fixedly installed inside the production line housing (1), characterized in that: The outer side of the production line housing (1) is provided with a sampling component (3), a visual inspection component (4) and a crushing component (5) in sequence along the opposite direction of the production line conveying. The inner side of the fixed frame (2) is provided with a linear transmission component (6). The top of the linear transmission component (6) is fixedly connected to a linearly movable connecting shell (7). The outer side of the connecting shell (7) is equipped with a horizontally extendable precision electronic scale (9) through a pushing component (8). The precision electronic scale (9) is used to weigh the sampled pet food.
2. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly (3) includes a sampling cylinder (31) fixedly connected to the top of the production line housing (1), a sampling frame (32) fixedly connected to the bottom of the output end of the sampling cylinder (31), a sampling frame (33), and a telescopic cylinder (34). The sampling frame (33) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sampling frame (32) through a hinge support and is used for collecting and sampling pet food. The output end and support end of the telescopic cylinder (34) are rotatably connected to the outside of the sampling frame (33) and the sampling frame (32), respectively.
3. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual inspection component (4) includes an inspection frame (41) fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing (1) and an inspection camera (42) installed below the inspection frame (41). The inspection camera (42) is used to visually inspect the morphological parameters of pet food, including quantity and size specifications.
4. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing component (5) includes: The crushing rack (51) is fixedly connected to the outside of the production line housing (1); The crushing cylinder (52) is fixedly connected to the outside of the crushing frame (51); The connecting plate (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic end of the crushing cylinder (52); The crushing head (54) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the connecting plate (53); A rotating assembly (55) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (53) and is used to drive the crushing head (54) to rotate; The rotating assembly (55) includes: The drive motor (5501) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plate (53); Driven gear (5502) is fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing head (54); The drive wheel (5503) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drive end of the drive motor (5501) and meshes with the driven gear (5502) to drive the crushing head (54) to rotate.
5. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear transmission assembly (6) includes a transmission threaded rod (61) rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed frame (2), a movable plate (62) threadedly driven to the outside of the transmission threaded rod (61), and a power assembly (63) driving the transmission threaded rod (61) to rotate. The outside of the movable plate (62) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting shell (7). There are two transmission threaded rods (61), which are symmetrically distributed on the inside of the fixed frame (2).
6. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power assembly (63) includes a power worm gear (6301) fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission threaded rod (61), a power motor (6302) fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed frame (2), and a power worm (6303) fixedly connected to the outside of the output end of the power motor (6302). The power worm gear (6301) and the power worm (6303) mesh with each other on the outside, and the outside of the power worm (6303) is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed frame (2).
7. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing assembly (8) includes a pushing cylinder (81), a pushing plate (82) and a limiting slider (83). The pushing cylinder (81) is fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shell (7), and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the pushing plate (82). The limiting slider (83) is installed on the bottom end of the pushing plate (82) and is slidably connected to the inside of the connecting shell (7).
8. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning component (10) and a collection component (11). The cleaning component (10) is fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing (1) for cleaning pet food on the surface of the precision electronic scale (9). The collection component (11) is fixedly connected to the outside of the push component (8) for collecting the cleaned pet food.
9. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (10) includes a cleaning frame (101) and a cleaning head (102). The cleaning frame (101) is fixedly installed on the outside of the production line housing (1). The cleaning head (102) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cleaning frame (101), and the bottom surface of the cleaning head (102) is on the same horizontal line as the top surface of the precision electronic scale (9) to ensure that the cleaning head (102) can effectively clean the surface of the precision electronic scale (9).
10. The online product quality sampling inspection device for a pet food production line according to claim 8, characterized in that: The collection component (11) includes a collection rack (111) and a collection box (112). The collection rack (111) is fixedly installed on the outside of the push component (8). The collection box (112) is embedded in the top of the collection rack (111) and is located directly below the precision electronic scale (9) for collecting pet food scraps swept off the surface of the precision electronic scale (9).