Organic soil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses organic soil and a preparation method thereof. The organic soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35-45% of stone / desert sand, 30-40% of fallen leaves, 20-30% of grass, 0.2-1% of organic soybeans and the balance of seashell. Pollution-free waste minerals, agriculture and forestry residues, marine organism wastes and agricultural by-products are used as raw materials, and the organic soil is prepared through a fermentation process. When the organic soil is applied to crop and plant cultivation, the organic soil has an excellent soil structure improvement function and an excellent organic nutrient supply capability, the growth of crops and plants can be effectively promoted, and the yield increasing rate is remarkably increased. According to the method, the dual goals of waste reduction and recycling are achieved, good environmental benefits and economic benefits are taken into account, and the method has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste resource utilization technology, specifically to an organic soil and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Organic soil is a soil class formed primarily through peatification. During soil formation, the rate of organic matter accumulation exceeds the rate of decomposition, resulting in soils rich in organic matter, often described as having an organic topsoil. Due to its high organic matter content, organic soil possesses excellent water retention, aeration, and fertility, making it widely used in agriculture, landscaping, and ecological restoration. However, with the increasing prominence of soil degradation and desertification, traditional organic soils suffer from drawbacks such as limited raw material sources, slow fertilizer release, complex processing, and high production costs.

[0003] With the expansion of industrial and agricultural production, the environmental pressure from the accumulation of multi-source waste is becoming increasingly severe. For example, desert sand generated in desertified areas and waste rock accompanying mining not only occupy land resources but also easily cause ecological problems such as dust pollution. Plant residues such as fallen leaves and herbs generated in agricultural and forestry production are mostly burned or discarded indiscriminately due to a lack of efficient treatment technologies, polluting the environment and causing the loss of high-quality organic matter. Therefore, developing an organic soil that utilizes inexpensive mineral and plant raw materials and has high fertilizing effects is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this invention provides an organic soil and its preparation method. The invention uses pollution-free waste minerals, agricultural and forestry residues, marine biological waste and agricultural by-products as raw materials. The organic soil obtained is used for plant cultivation and has excellent results. At the same time, it has important practical significance for promoting the development of the waste resource utilization industry and alleviating the pressure on the ecological environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an organic soil comprising the following raw materials in weight percentages: 35-45% stone / desert sand, 30-40% fallen leaves, 20-30% herbs, 0.2-1% organic soybeans, and the balance being seashells.

[0007] The raw materials described in this invention are as follows:

[0008] Desert Sand: Selected from the mobile wind-blown sand of Naiman Banner, Inner Mongolia. This wind-blown sand is a natural, pollution-free waste mineral resource with no risk of heavy metal contamination. It not only replenishes the soil with mineral elements but also effectively improves soil permeability. Before use, it only needs to be washed with water to remove salt, alkali, and other impurities. The particle size is naturally formed and requires no artificial processing.

[0009] Fallen leaves and herbs: Selected fallen leaves from Xing'an League (mainly sweetgum and pine needles) and natural herbs from waste plant residues in Hulunbuir Grassland (mainly alfalfa and sheepgrass). No chemical pesticides were used during the growth process, resulting in high organic matter content and no pesticide residues, providing abundant organic matter and cellulose.

[0010] Organic soybeans: Selected from organic soybean planting bases in Hulunbuir, these soybeans are high in protein, free of genetically modified ingredients and pesticide residues, providing high-quality nitrogen and protein to the soil. Their application is flexible: firstly, they can be simply crushed without strict particle size control and directly mixed into the fermentation process; secondly, they can be ground into soybean milk and used as post-emergence fertilizer.

[0011] Stones and seashells: The stones are selected from natural, clean stone materials from the Hulunbuir region, free from heavy metal pollution. After crushing, they can improve the physical structure of the soil. The seashells are selected from waste shells processed from shellfish in the nearshore waters of Hulunbuir (mainly scallop and oyster shells), with extremely low heavy metal content. After acid treatment, the seashells can be converted into soluble calcium salts and chitin that are easily absorbed by the soil. The soluble calcium salts can directly increase the soil calcium content, while the chitin can effectively enhance the activity of soil microorganisms.

[0012] Furthermore, the raw materials include the following weight percentages: 38% stone / desert sand, 36% fallen leaves, 25% herbs, 0.5% organic soybeans, and the remainder being seashells.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing organic soil as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Use a grinder to grind the stones, fallen leaves, herbs and seashells into fine powder;

[0015] (2) Weigh out stones / desert sand, fallen leaves, herbs, organic soybeans and seashells according to the weight ratio, mix them, stir evenly, and obtain a fine powder mixture;

[0016] (3) Add water to the mixed fine powder and seal for fermentation;

[0017] (4) Dry the soil, pack it into bags, and obtain the organic soil.

[0018] Furthermore, after grinding, the particle size of stones and seashells is 0.1-1 mm, while the particle size of fallen leaves and herbs is 1-10 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the mixed fine powder to water is 1:0.4-0.45.

[0020] Furthermore, the fermentation temperature is 60-80℃, and the time is more than one year. Under these conditions, the organic matter in the raw materials can be thoroughly decomposed, thereby improving fertilizer efficiency, and at the same time, it can kill wild grass seeds and insect eggs.

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0022] This invention uses pollution-free waste minerals, agricultural and forestry residues, marine biological waste, and agricultural by-products as raw materials to prepare organic soil through a fermentation process. When applied to crop and plant cultivation, this organic soil possesses excellent soil structure improvement capabilities and organic nutrient supply capacity, effectively promoting crop and plant growth and significantly increasing yield. This invention achieves the dual goals of waste reduction and resource utilization, balancing good environmental and economic benefits, and has broad application prospects. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] This embodiment provides an organic soil, the raw materials of which, by weight percentage, include: 38% desert sand, 36% fallen leaves, 25% herbs, 0.5% organic soybeans, and 0.5% seashells.

[0026] The above-mentioned method for preparing organic soil includes the following steps:

[0027] (1) Mechanically crush fallen leaves and herbs into fine powder of 1-10 mm, and mechanically crush seashells into fine powder of 0.1-1 mm;

[0028] (2) Weigh out desert sand, fallen leaves, herbs, organic soybeans and seashells according to the weight ratio, mix them, stir evenly, and obtain a fine mixed powder;

[0029] (3) Add water to the mixed fine powder at a mass ratio of 1:0.4, seal it, and ferment it at 70°C for 1 year;

[0030] (4) Dry, bag, and obtain organic soil.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment provides an organic soil, the raw materials of which, by weight percentage, include: 35% desert sand, 40% fallen leaves, 20% herbs, 0.8% organic soybeans, and 4.2% seashells.

[0033] The above-mentioned method for preparing organic soil includes the following steps:

[0034] (1) Mechanically crush fallen leaves and herbs into fine powder of 1-10 mm, and mechanically crush seashells into fine powder of 0.1-1 mm;

[0035] (2) Weigh out desert sand, fallen leaves, herbs, organic soybeans and seashells according to the weight ratio, mix them, stir evenly, and obtain a fine mixed powder;

[0036] (3) Add water to the mixed fine powder at a mass ratio of 1:0.4, seal it, and ferment it at 80℃ for 1 year;

[0037] (4) Dry, bag, and obtain organic soil.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] This embodiment provides an organic soil, the raw materials of which, by weight percentage, include: 42% desert sand, 30% fallen leaves, 27% herbs, 0.2% organic soybeans, and 0.8% seashells.

[0040] The above-mentioned method for preparing organic soil includes the following steps:

[0041] (1) Mechanically crush fallen leaves and herbs into fine powder of 1-10 mm, and mechanically crush seashells into fine powder of 0.1-1 mm;

[0042] (2) Weigh out desert sand, fallen leaves, herbs, organic soybeans and seashells according to the weight ratio, mix them, stir evenly, and obtain a fine mixed powder;

[0043] (3) Add water to the mixed fine powder at a mass ratio of 1:0.4, seal it, and ferment it at 60°C for 1.5 years;

[0044] (4) Dry, bag, and obtain organic soil.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] This embodiment provides an organic soil, the raw materials of which, by weight percentage, include: 42% stone, 32% fallen leaves, 23% herbs, 0.8% organic soybeans, and 2.2% seashells.

[0047] The above-mentioned method for preparing organic soil includes the following steps:

[0048] (1) Mechanically crush fallen leaves and herbs into fine powder of 1-10 mm, and mechanically crush stones and seashells into fine powder of 0.1-1 mm;

[0049] (2) Weigh out stones, fallen leaves, herbs, organic soybeans and seashells according to the weight ratio, mix them, stir evenly, and obtain a fine powder mixture;

[0050] (3) Add water to the mixed fine powder at a mass ratio of 1:0.4, seal it, and ferment it at 60°C for 1.5 years;

[0051] (4) Dry, bag, and obtain organic soil.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] This embodiment provides an organic soil, the raw materials of which, by weight percentage, include: 38% stone, 38% fallen leaves, 21% herbs, 0.5% organic soybeans, and 2.5% seashells.

[0054] The above-mentioned method for preparing organic soil includes the following steps:

[0055] (1) Mechanically crush fallen leaves and herbs into fine powder of 1-10 mm, and mechanically crush stones and seashells into fine powder of 0.1-1 mm;

[0056] (2) Weigh out stones, fallen leaves, herbs, organic soybeans and seashells according to the weight ratio, mix them, stir evenly, and obtain a fine powder mixture;

[0057] (3) Add water to the mixed fine powder at a mass ratio of 1:0.45, seal it, and ferment it at 60℃ for 1.5 years;

[0058] (4) Dry, bag, and obtain organic soil.

[0059] Using the organic soil prepared in Examples 1-5 of this invention, pot planting experiments were conducted on crops such as radish, potato, scallion, leek, coriander, and lettuce. The results showed that all crops grew well without additional fertilizer application throughout the entire planting cycle.

[0060] Root and tuber crops showed outstanding individual yield quality; for example, a single radish weighed 610 grams, and potato tubers were of uniform size, with no signs of stunted growth due to insufficient nutrient supply. Leafy vegetables had lush leaves with bright colors and no problems of excessive growth or yellowing.

[0061] Meanwhile, no weeds were observed to grow throughout the process, and there were no signs of larvae eating the roots in the potting soil, further confirming the stability of nutrient supply and the effectiveness of the harmless treatment of the organic soil.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic soil, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following weight percentages: 35-45% stone / desert sand, 30-40% fallen leaves, 20-30% herbs, 0.2-1% organic soybeans, and the remainder is seashells.

2. The organic soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following weight percentages: 38% stone / desert sand, 36% fallen leaves, 25% herbs, 0.5% organic soybeans, and the remainder is seashells.

3. A method for preparing organic soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Mechanically crush stones, fallen leaves, herbs, and seashells into fine powder; (2) Weigh out stones / desert sand, fallen leaves, herbs, organic soybeans and seashells according to the weight ratio, mix them, stir evenly, and obtain a fine powder mixture; (3) Add water to the mixed fine powder and seal for fermentation; (4) Dry the soil, pack it into bags, and obtain the organic soil.

4. The method for preparing organic soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, After grinding, the particle size of stones and seashells is 0.1-1 mm, while the particle size of fallen leaves and herbs is 1-10 mm.

5. The method for preparing organic soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the mixed fine powder to water is 1:0.4-0.

45.

6. The method for preparing organic soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fermentation temperature is 60-80℃, and the time is more than one year.