Control device for human-powered vehicle

Abstract

A control apparatus for a human-powered vehicle is provided. The human-powered vehicle includes a generator configured to output electric power, an electric power storage device electrically connected with the generator, and a component having an actuator electrically actuated by at least one of the generator and the electric power storage device. The control apparatus includes a controller electrically connected with at least one of the generator and the power storage device. The controller is configured to control an operating state of the component according to information related to at least one of an output state of the generator and a storage state of the power storage device.

Description

[0001] Divisional application

[0002] This application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application filed on September 29, 2022, with application number CN202211213365.3 and invention title "Control device for human-powered vehicles". Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to a control device for human-powered vehicles. Background Technology

[0004] In recent years, some human-powered vehicles (such as bicycles) have incorporated electrical components or devices to make them easier for riders to operate. For example, some human-powered vehicles feature electrically operated drivetrains for smoother gear shifting. Some of these electrically operated drivetrains use a rear multi-stage sprocket assembly with a motorized rear derailleur and a front multi-stage sprocket assembly with a motorized front derailleur. These motorized derailleurs are electrically operated by control devices (such as a bicycle speedometer) to operate the motor and perform gear shifting. In some cases, the power for these electrically operated drivetrains is supplied by a power generator located on the hub that rotates and supports the wheels of the human-powered vehicle. This power generator produces power according to the riding conditions of the human-powered vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In general, this disclosure relates to various characteristics of a control device for a human-powered vehicle. As used herein, the term "human-powered vehicle" means a vehicle that can be driven at least by human power, but excludes vehicles that use only non-human power. Specifically, vehicles that use only an internal combustion engine as their power source are not included in the scope of human-powered vehicles. A human-powered vehicle is generally considered to be a compact, lightweight vehicle that sometimes does not require a license to drive on public roads. There is no limitation on the number of wheels in a human-powered vehicle. Human-powered vehicles include, for example, unicycles and vehicles with three or more wheels. Human-powered vehicles include, for example, various types of bicycles such as mountain bikes, road bikes, city bikes, freight bikes, and recumbent bikes, as well as electric-assisted bicycles (E-bikes).

[0006] In view of the state of the prior art and in accordance with a first aspect of this disclosure, a control device for a human-powered vehicle is provided, the control device comprising a generator configured to output electrical power, an electrical storage device electrically connected to the generator, and a component having an actuator driven by electrical power from at least one of the generator and the electrical storage device.

[0007] The control device includes a controller electrically connected to at least one of the generator and the power storage device. The controller is configured to control the operating state of the components based on information relating to at least one of the generator's output state and the power storage device's storage state.

[0008] Using the control device according to the first aspect, the components can be controlled to a suitable operating state according to the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0009] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to the first aspect is configured to include an operating state and a power-saving operating state, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the power-saving operating state based on information.

[0010] Using the control device according to the second aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in a power-saving operation state based on the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0011] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to the second aspect is configured to include a first output state in which a speed value related to the forward speed of a manually driven vehicle becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined speed value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from a normal operating state to a power-saving operating state based on information related to the first output state.

[0012] By using the control device according to the third aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in a power-saving operation state, so as to save power consumption when the vehicle is driven manually at a speed slower than a predetermined speed.

[0013] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to the third aspect is configured to make the output state include a second output state; in the second output state, the speed value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined speed value, the second predetermined speed value is less than a first predetermined speed value, the operation state also includes a first power-off operation state, and the controller is configured to control the operation state from the power-saving operation state to the first power-off operation state based on information related to the second output state.

[0014] By utilizing the control equipment based on the fourth aspect, it is possible to save more power consumption when the vehicle is driven manually at a speed slower than the predetermined speed.

[0015] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to the third aspect is configured to include a third output state in which the speed value becomes greater than a third predetermined speed value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from a power-saving operating state to a normal operating state based on information related to the third output state.

[0016] Using the control equipment according to the fifth aspect, when the speed of the manually driven vehicle exceeds the predetermined speed, it is possible to return to the normal operating state.

[0017] According to a sixth aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to any one of the second to fifth aspects is configured to make the storage state include a first storage state, in which the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined power value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from a normal operating state to a power-saving operating state based on information related to the first storage state.

[0018] By using the control device according to the sixth aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in a power-saving operation state, so as to save power consumption when the power value of the power storage device is less than a predetermined power value.

[0019] According to a seventh aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to the sixth aspect is configured to include a second storage state in which the power value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined power value, the second predetermined power value being less than a first predetermined power value; the operation state further includes a second power-off operation state, and the controller is configured to control the operation state from a normal operation state to the second power-off operation state based on information related to the second storage state.

[0020] By utilizing the control device according to the seventh aspect, it is possible to save more power consumption when the power value of the power storage device is less than the predetermined power value.

[0021] According to the eighth aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to the sixth or seventh aspect is configured such that the storage state includes a third storage state; in the third storage state, the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or greater than a first predetermined power value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from a power-saving operating state to a normal operating state based on information related to the third storage state.

[0022] Using the control device according to the eighth aspect, the power value of the power storage device can be returned to the normal operating state when the power value is greater than the predetermined power value.

[0023] According to the ninth aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to any one of the second to eighth aspects is configured to configure the controller to limit the function of the component in a power-saving operation state.

[0024] By utilizing the control device according to aspect nine, power consumption of components can be reduced. Furthermore, it can reduce malfunctions or prevent inoperability due to insufficient power.

[0025] According to a tenth aspect of this disclosure, the control device according to the ninth aspect is configured to configure the controller to reduce the operating rate of the component in a power-saving operation state, and the operating rate includes at least one force-generating rate to assist pedaling.

[0026] By utilizing the control device according to aspect ten, it is possible to save power consumption of components by reducing the operating speed of the components. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce misoperation or prevent inoperability due to insufficient power.

[0027] According to the eleventh aspect of this disclosure, an electrical device includes a control device according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, and a component having an actuator activated in response to operation of an operating member.

[0028] Using the electrical equipment according to the eleventh aspect, it is possible to control the components to a suitable operating state based on the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0029] According to the twelfth aspect of this disclosure, the electrical apparatus according to the eleventh aspect further includes a rectifier electrically connected between the generator and the power storage device, wherein the rectifier is configured to rectify the power output from the generator.

[0030] Using the electrical equipment according to the twelfth aspect, it is possible to rectify the power output from the generator and convert the alternating current from the generator into direct current.

[0031] According to the thirteenth aspect of this disclosure, the electrical equipment according to the twelfth aspect is configured such that the power storage device includes a plurality of power storage elements connected in series with each other, wherein the plurality of power storage elements are configured to store power output from the generator in a time-division manner.

[0032] Using the electrical equipment according to aspect thirteen, it is possible to charge multiple power storage elements to the voltage level of the generator.

[0033] According to the fourteenth aspect of this disclosure, the electrical equipment according to the thirteenth aspect is configured to arrange the rectifier and the power storage element to form a voltage multiplier circuit.

[0034] Using the electrical equipment according to aspect fourteen, it is possible to charge the power storage device to a voltage level higher than that of the generator.

[0035] According to the fifteenth aspect of this disclosure, the electrical equipment according to any one of the eleventh to fourteenth aspects further includes a hub shaft and a hub body rotatably disposed relative to the hub shaft, wherein a generator is disposed between the hub shaft and the hub body.

[0036] Using the electrical equipment according to aspect 15, it is possible to generate electricity through the rotation of the hub body.

[0037] According to the sixteenth aspect of this disclosure, the electrical equipment according to the fifteenth aspect is configured to provide a power storage device to the hub shaft.

[0038] Using the electrical equipment according to the sixteenth aspect, it is possible to set up the power storage device and the hub shaft as a single unit.

[0039] According to the seventeenth aspect of this disclosure, the electrical equipment according to the fifteenth or sixteenth aspect is configured such that a power storage device is housed inside the hub body.

[0040] Using the electrical equipment according to aspect seventeen, it is possible to house the power storage device within the hub body.

[0041] According to the eighteenth aspect of this disclosure, the electrical equipment according to any one of the fifteenth to seventeenth aspects is configured to set the controller to the hub body.

[0042] Using the electrical equipment according to aspect 18, the controller and the hub body can be set up as a single unit.

[0043] According to the nineteenth aspect of this disclosure, a system for human-powered vehicles is provided, wherein the system includes electrical equipment according to any one of the eleventh to eighteenth aspects.

[0044] Using the system according to aspect 19, components can be controlled to a suitable operating state based on the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0045] Furthermore, other objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the disclosed control device will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, discloses preferred embodiments of the control device. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings that form part of this disclosure:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a side elevation view of a bicycle (i.e., a human-powered vehicle) equipped with a hub-shaped bicycle component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a longitudinal elevation view of the hub on the body of a human-powered vehicle.

[0049] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The longitudinal sectional view of the flower drum shown;

[0050] Figure 4 yes Figures 2 to 4 The diagram shows a perspective view of the hub, partially broken to reveal the electronic circuit board.

[0051] Figure 5 It is a block diagram of an electronic circuit board;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram showing the electrical connections of an electric generator, a power storage device, an electronic circuit board, and a rear derailleur, illustrating a situation where the bicycle's forward speed is high enough that the charging current generated by the electric generator exceeds the current consumed by the electronic circuit board and the rear derailleur.

[0053] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram showing the electrical connections of an electric generator, a power storage device, an electronic circuit board, and a rear derailleur, illustrating a state without operational state control according to an embodiment of this disclosure, wherein the forward speed of the bicycle is reduced, so that the charging current generated by the electric generator is less than the current consumed by the electronic circuit board and the rear derailleur.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram showing the electrical connections of an electric generator, a power storage device, an electronic circuit board, and a rear derailleur, illustrating a state with operational state control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the forward speed of the bicycle decreases, but the charging current generated by the electric generator remains greater than the current consumed by the electronic circuit board and the rear derailleur.

[0055] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the electricity generated by the electric generator varies depending on the speed of the bicycle.

[0056] Figure 10 This is a state transition diagram illustrating the operation state control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram showing the electrical connection between the power generator and the power storage device through a rectifier;

[0058] Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram showing another electrical connection between a power generator and a power storage device via another rectifier. Detailed Implementation

[0059] Selected embodiments will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art of human-powered vehicles (e.g., bicycles) that the following description of the embodiments is illustrative only and not intended to limit the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0060] First refer to Figure 1The illustration depicts a bicycle V (i.e., a human-powered vehicle) equipped with an electrical device ED according to an embodiment shown in the illustration. Here, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED includes a bicycle component 10, which is a bicycle hub. More specifically, bicycle component 10 is a rear hub. Furthermore, here, in the illustrated embodiment, bicycle component 10 is a hub generator (energy harvesting power source) for supplying power to one or more components of the bicycle V. However, bicycle component 10 is not limited to a hub generator. Additionally, although bicycle component 10 is illustrated as a rear hub, certain aspects of bicycle component 10 can be provided to a front hub. Therefore, bicycle component 10 is not limited to a rear hub.

[0061] Here, bicycle V stands for electric-assisted bicycle (E-bike). Alternatively, bicycle V can be a road bike, city bike, freight bike, or recumbent bike, or another type of off-road bike, such as a cyclocross bike. Figure 1 As shown, the bicycle V includes a frame VB supported by a rear wheel RW and a front wheel FW. The frame VB essentially consists of a front frame body FB and a rear frame body RB (swing arm). The frame VB also features handlebars H and a front fork FF for steering the front wheel FW. The rear frame body RB is pivotally mounted at the rear of the front frame body FB, allowing it to pivot relative to the front frame body FB. The rear wheel RW is mounted at the rear end of the rear frame body RB. A rear shock absorber RS ​​is operably disposed between the front frame body FB and the rear frame body RB. The rear shock absorber RS, disposed between the front frame body FB and the rear frame body RB, controls the movement of the rear frame body RB relative to the front frame body FB. That is, the rear shock absorber RS ​​absorbs shocks transmitted from the rear wheel RW. The rear wheel RW is rotatably mounted on the rear frame body RB. The front wheel FW is mounted on the front frame body FB via the front fork FF. That is, the front wheel FW is mounted on the lower end of the front fork FF. A height-adjustable seatpost ASP is conventionally mounted on the seatpost of the front frame body FB and supports the bicycle seat or saddle S in any suitable manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the height-adjustable seatpost ASP may be electrically adjustable. The fork FF is pivotally mounted on the head tube of the front frame body FB. The handlebars H are mounted on the upper end of the steering column or steering tube of the fork FF. The fork FF absorbs shocks transmitted from the front wheel FW. Preferably, the rear shock RS and the fork FF are electrically adjustable suspensions. For example, the stiffness and / or travel length of the rear shock RS and the fork FF can be adjusted.

[0062] The bicycle V also includes a drivetrain DT and an electric drive unit DU operably coupled to the drivetrain DT. Here, for example, the drivetrain DT is of the chain-driven type and includes cranks C, a front sprocket FS, multiple rear sprockets CS, and a chain CN. Cranks C include a crankshaft CA1 and a pair of crank arms CA2. The crankshaft CA1 is rotatably supported on the front frame body FB via the electric drive unit DU. The crank arms CA2 are located at opposite ends of the crankshaft CA1. Pedals PD are rotatably coupled to the distal end of each crank arm CA2. The drivetrain DT can be of any type and can be of the belt-driven or shaft-driven type.

[0063] The electric drive unit DU has an electric motor that provides driving assistance to the front sprocket FS. The electric drive unit DU can be actuated to assist the propulsion of the bicycle V in a conventional manner. For example, the electric drive unit DU is actuated by human driving force applied to the pedals PD. The electric drive unit DU is actuated by power supplied by the main battery pack BP mounted on the downtube of the bicycle V. In some cases, the main battery pack BP can supply power to other vehicle components, such as the rear derailleur RD, the height-adjustable seatpost ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, the front fork FF, and any other vehicle components that use electricity. In the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle V is illustrated as an electric-assisted bicycle (E-bike) having electrical components such as the rear derailleur RD, the height-adjustable seatpost ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, the front fork FF, the electric drive unit DU, etc. However, some electrical components are optional and do not need to be provided in different configurations of the bicycle V. Depending on the circumstances, electrical components such as the rear derailleur RD, height-adjustable seatpost ASP, rear shock absorber RS, front fork FF, and electric drive unit DU are also optional and may be selectively provided to the bicycle V as needed and / or desired. For example, in the case of a city bicycle, the bicycle V may be configured without a height-adjustable seatpost ASP and rear shock absorber RS.

[0064] The bicycle V also includes a bicycle speedometer SC. Here, the bicycle speedometer SC is mounted on the front frame body FB. Alternatively, the bicycle speedometer SC can be mounted on the handlebars H. The bicycle speedometer SC informs the rider of various riding and / or operating conditions of the bicycle V. The bicycle speedometer SC may also include various control programs for automatic control of one or more vehicle components. For example, the bicycle speedometer SC may be equipped with an automatic shifting program for changing the gears of the rear derailleur RD based on one or more riding and / or operating conditions of the bicycle V.

[0065] Here, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED also includes a rear derailleur RD (e.g., a component) attached to the rear frame body RB for shifting the chain CN between the rear sprockets CS. The rear derailleur RD is a type of shifting device. Here, the rear derailleur RD is an electric derailleur (i.e., an electric shifting device or electric derailleur) and has an electric motor or actuator RDa. Here, the rear derailleur RD is located near the rear of the rear frame body RB, close to the bicycle component 10. The rear derailleur RD can be operated when the rider of the bicycle V manually operates the shifting mechanism or shifter SL (e.g., an operating member). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the rear derailleur RD has an actuator RDa activated in response to the operation of the shifter SL. The rear derailleur RD can also be operated automatically based on the riding conditions and / or operating conditions of the bicycle V. The bicycle V may also include several other electronic components. Some or all of the electronic components can be supplied with electricity generated by the bicycle component 10 during the power generation state discussed herein. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle V has a system for human-powered vehicle propulsion, which includes an electrical device ED comprising bicycle components 10 and electronic components.

[0066] Now, special reference will be made Figures 2 to 4 The structure of the bicycle component 10 of the electrical device ED is described. Here, the bicycle component 10 of the electrical device ED also includes a hub axle 12 and a hub body 14. The hub axle 12 has a central axis A1. The hub axle 12 is configured to be non-rotatably attached to the frame VB. In this embodiment, the hub axle 12 is configured to be non-rotatably attached to the rear frame body RB. The hub body 14 is rotatably disposed relative to the hub axle 12. Specifically, the hub body 14 is rotatably disposed about the central axis A1. In other words, the hub body 14 is rotatably mounted around the hub axle 12.

[0067] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the hub shaft 12 is a rigid component made of a suitable material such as metal. Here, the hub shaft 12 is a tubular component. The hub shaft 12 can be a single piece or composed of several pieces. Here, the hub shaft 12 includes a body 12a and an end piece 12b. The end piece 12b is threaded onto the first end of the body 12a. Figures 2 to 4 (on the right side of the middle). Thus, as... Figure 2 As shown, the second end of the main body 12a ( Figures 2 to 4 The hub shaft 12 (left side) and end piece 12b are received into the mounting opening of the rear frame body RB. Here, the hub shaft 12 also includes a rotation limiting member 12c, which is connected to the body 12a via the end piece 12b. The rotation limiting member 12c engages with the rear frame body RB to limit the rotation of the hub shaft 12 relative to the rear frame body RB.

[0068] Here, as Figure 2 As shown, the bicycle component 10 also includes a wheel retaining mechanism 16 for securing the hub shaft 12 of the bicycle component 10 to the rear frame body RB. The wheel retaining mechanism 16 essentially includes a shaft or trunnion 16a, a cam body 16b, a cam rod 16c, and an adjusting nut 16d. The cam rod 16c is attached to one end of the trunnion 16a via the cam body 16b, while the adjusting nut 16d is threaded onto the other end of the trunnion 16a. The rod 16c is attached to the cam body 16b. The cam body 16b is connected between the trunnion 16a and the cam rod 16c to allow the trunnion 16a to move relative to the cam body 16b. Therefore, operating the lever 16c causes the trunnion 16a to move relative to the cam body 16b in the axial direction of the central axis A1, thereby changing the distance between the cam body 16b and the adjusting nut 16d. Preferably, compression springs are provided at both ends of the trunnion 16a. Alternatively, the hub shaft 12 may be non-rotatably attached to the rear frame body RB via other accessory structures as needed and / or desired.

[0069] like Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the hub body 14 is rotatably mounted around the hub shaft 12 to rotate in a drive rotation direction D1. The drive rotation direction D1 corresponds to the forward drive direction of the rear wheel RW. The hub body 14 is configured to support the rear wheel RW in a conventional manner. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the hub body 14 includes a first outer flange 14a and a second outer flange 14b. The first outer flange 14a and the second outer flange 14b extend radially outward relative to the central axis A1. The first outer flange 14a and the second outer flange 14b are configured to receive a plurality of spokes ( Figure 1 ), used for the rim of the rear wheel RW ( Figure 1 It is attached to the hub body 14. In this way, the hub body 14 and the rear wheel

[0070] RW are linked together and rotated.

[0071] Here, bicycle component 10 also includes a sprocket support structure 18. In the illustrated embodiment, the sprocket support structure 18 supports the rear sprocket CS, as shown... Figure 2 As shown. The sprocket support structure 18 is rotatably arranged around the central axis A1 so as to transmit driving force to the hub body 14 when rotating around the central axis A1 in the driving rotation direction D1. As described below, the sprocket support structure 18 does not transmit driving force to the hub body 14 when rotating around the central axis A1 in the non-driving rotation direction D2. The non-driving rotation direction D2 is opposite to the driving rotation direction D1 relative to the central axis A1. The central axis of rotation of the sprocket support structure 18 is concentrically arranged with respect to the central axis A1 of the hub shaft 12.

[0072] Although the sprocket support structure 18 is configured to support the rear sprocket CS in a non-rotational manner, the sprocket support structure 18 is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Alternatively, one or more rear sprockets CS may be integrally formed with the sprocket support structure 18. In any case, the sprocket support structure 18 and the rear sprocket CS are coupled together to rotate together in the driving rotation direction D1 and the non-driving rotation direction D2.

[0073] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, bicycle component 10 includes a housing 20. The housing 20 is configured to accommodate various electrical components. The housing 20 defines an internal space 23 having an annular shape. In the illustrated embodiment, bicycle component 10 includes an electronic circuit board ECB (e.g., a control device) and a power storage device PS (e.g., a power storage device). The electronic circuit board ECB is disposed within the internal space 23 of the housing 20. The power storage device PS is disposed within the internal space 23 of the housing 20. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the power storage device PS is housed inside the hub body 14. Specifically, the power storage device PS is disposed on or adjacent to the electronic circuit board ECB. For example, the power storage device PS is disposed on the hub axle 12. The electronic circuit board ECB is electrically connected to the power storage device PS for controlling the power input and output from the power storage device PS. One end of a first cable EC1 is electrically connected to the electronic circuit board ECB. The other end of the first cable EC1 is electrically connected to another electrical component of the bicycle V, such as the rear derailleur RD, battery pack BP, or electrical connector. Thus, the first cable...

[0074] EC1 can supply electrical energy generated by bicycle component 10 to the rear derailleur RD, battery pack BP, or another electrical component. The first cable EC1 can also be used to transmit signals using power line communication (PLC). In the illustrated embodiment, the power storage device PS is housed within the hub body 14. However, the location of the power storage device PS is not limited to this location. As long as the power storage device PS is electrically connected to the electronic circuit board ECB, it can be arranged outside the hub body 14 or at any other location on the frame VB.

[0075] Hub shaft 12 supports housing 20. Housing 20 is non-rotatable relative to hub shaft 12. Bicycle component 10 also includes a cover 22. Cover 22 is attached to housing 20.

[0076] In the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle component 10 also includes a detected component 24 and a rotation detection sensor 25. The detected component 24 is disposed to the sprocket support structure 18. The rotation detection sensor 25, on the other hand, is disposed within the internal space 23 of the housing 20. The rotation detection sensor 25 is configured to detect the detected component 24 to detect the rotation of the sprocket support structure 18 about the central axis A1. Since the rotation detection sensor 25 is on the electronic circuit board ECB, it is non-rotatable relative to the hub shaft 12. Figure 4 As shown, the rotation detection sensor 25 is disposed in the hub body 14, and its position is radially outward from the hub shaft 12.

[0077] In the illustrated embodiment, the rotation detection sensor 25 includes a magnetic sensor, and the detected component 24 includes a magnet. Therefore, the magnetic sensor detects the movement of the magnet, which rotates together with the sprocket support structure 18. In other words, with this arrangement, the rotation detection sensor 25 is configured to detect the detected component 24 to detect the rotation of the sprocket support structure 18 about a central axis A1. Here, the magnet of the detected component 24 is a ring-shaped member having alternating S-pole and N-pole portions. Thus, the rotation detection sensor 25 can detect the amount and direction of rotation of the rear sprocket CS connected to the sprocket support structure 18. As used herein, the term "sensor" refers to a hardware device or instrument used to detect the presence or absence of a specific event, object, substance, or change in its environment and to issue a response signal. The term "sensor" as used herein does not include a person. The rotation detection sensor 25 receives power from a power storage device PS.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, bicycle component 10 also includes a power generator 26 (e.g., a generator). The power generator 26 is disposed between the hub axle 12 and the hub body 14. The power generator 26 is configured to output electricity. Specifically, the power generator 26 is configured to generate electricity by the rotation of the hub body 14 relative to the hub axle 12. More specifically, the power generator 26 is disposed within the hub body 14 between the hub axle 12 and the central portion of the hub body 14. An electronic circuit board ECB is electrically connected to the power generator 26 for controlling the power output of the power generator 26. In particular, a second cable EC2 electrically connects the electronic circuit board ECB to the power generator 26. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, a power storage device PS is electrically connected to the power generator 26.

[0079] The electric generator 26 essentially comprises an armature 28 (i.e., the stator in the illustrated embodiment) and a magnet 30 (i.e., the rotor in the illustrated embodiment). Although the armature 28 is illustrated as fixed relative to the hub shaft 12 and the magnet 30 is illustrated as fixed relative to the hub body 14, the armature 28 may be fixed relative to the hub body 14 and the magnet 30 may be fixed relative to the hub shaft 12. The armature 28 includes a first yoke 28A, a second yoke 28B, and a coil 28C. The first yoke 28A includes two or more first yoke elements arranged circumferentially on the hub shaft 12. Similarly, the second yoke 28B includes two or more second yoke elements arranged circumferentially on the hub shaft 12 and alternately arranged with the first yoke elements of the first yoke 28A. The coil 28C is located between the first yoke 28A and the second yoke 28B. The magnet 30 includes a plurality of first magnet components 30A and a plurality of second magnet components 30B disposed within a tubular support 32. The tubular support 32 is fixedly connected to the interior of the hub body 14, thereby allowing the magnet 30 and the hub body 14 to rotate together around the hub shaft 12. The first magnet component 30A and the second magnet component 30B are configured such that the S poles and N poles of the first magnet component 30A and the second magnet component 30B are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the hub shaft 12. Therefore, the S pole of the first magnet component 30A is not aligned with the S pole of the second magnet component 30B, and the N pole of the first magnet component 30A is not aligned with the N pole of the second magnet component 30B in the axial direction of the shaft member 12.

[0080] The electronic circuit board (ECB) includes an electronic controller 42 (e.g., a controller). The electronic controller 42 is disposed on the electronic circuit board (ECB). The electronic controller 42 is configured to receive a detection signal from the rotation detection sensor 25. The electronic controller 42 includes at least one processor executing a predetermined control program. This at least one processor may be, for example, a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor unit (MPU). As used herein, the term "electronic controller" refers to hardware executing software programs, excluding human intervention. The electronic controller 42 receives power from at least one of a power generator 26 and a power storage device (PS). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is electrically connected to at least one of the power generator 26 and the power storage device (PS). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the power generated by the power generator 26 and to control the power supplied from the power storage device (PS). In the illustrated embodiment, as... Figure 4 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB is located in the internal space 23 of the housing 20 inside the hub body 14, so the electronic controller 42 is also located on the hub body 14.

[0081] In the illustrated embodiment, the power storage device PS includes a plurality of capacitors (e.g., power storage elements) connected in series with each other. Specifically, the power storage device PS includes a first capacitor 44 and a second capacitor 46. In the illustrated embodiment, the first capacitor 44 and the second capacitor 46 are, for example, lithium-ion capacitors (LIC). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the storage of power generated by the electric generator 26 in the first capacitor 44 and the second capacitor 46. The electronic controller 42 is also configured to control the distribution of the power stored in the first capacitor 44 and the second capacitor 46 to other components. Thus, the power generated by the electric generator 26 can be stored and / or directly supplied to other components, such as the rotation detection sensor 25, the rear derailleur RD, etc. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle V (e.g., a human-powered vehicle) includes the electric generator 26, the power storage device PS, and the rear derailleur RD (e.g., a component), and the rear derailleur RD has an actuator RDa driven by power from at least one of the electric generator 26 and the power storage device PS.

[0082] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB also includes components disposed on the electronic circuit board.

[0083] Data storage device 48 on the ECB. Data storage device 48 stores various control programs and information for various control processes, including operational status control, power generation control, power storage control, hub rotation detection control, etc. Data storage device 48 includes any computer storage device or any non-transitory computer-readable medium, with the sole exception of transient propagation signals. For example, data storage device 48 includes non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory includes at least one of, for example, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and flash memory. Volatile memory includes, for example, random access memory (RAM).

[0084] Despite Figure 4 Not shown in the image, the electronic circuit board (ECB) also includes various sensors and electronic components. Figure 5 A block diagram illustrating an electrical device ED is provided. In the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED includes bicycle component 10 and electrical components, such as the rear derailleur RD. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED includes an electronic circuit board ECB (e.g., a control device) and the rear derailleur RD (e.g., a component). Figure 5As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB also includes a storage state detection sensor 50. The storage state detection sensor 50 detects the storage or charging state of the power storage device PS. Specifically, the storage state detection sensor 50 detects the stored power value of the power storage device PS. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state detection sensor 50 detects the output voltage of the power storage device PS and outputs the detection result to the electronic controller 42. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state detection sensor 50 is not limited to this. The storage state detection sensor 50 can be any sensor that detects a value that can be converted into the output voltage of the power storage device PS.

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB also includes an output status detection sensor 52. The output status detection sensor 52 detects the output status of the electric generator 26. Specifically, the output status detection sensor 52 detects the alternating current from the electric generator 26 and outputs pulses (i.e., vehicle speed pulses) corresponding to the frequency of the alternating current from the electric generator 26 to the electronic controller 42. The vehicle speed pulses can be counted by the electronic controller 42 to determine the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW, which corresponds to the forward speed of the bicycle V and the power generated by the electric generator 26. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the output status detection sensor 52 is not limited to this. The output status detection sensor 52 can be any sensor that detects a value that can be converted into the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW.

[0086] For example Figure 5 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB also includes an external interface (I / F) 54. External

[0087] The I / F54 includes an electrical port for transmitting power to the electrical components of the bicycle V and for receiving power from an external power source for various purposes, such as maintenance of the bicycle V's electrical equipment ED. Furthermore, the external I / F can transmit and receive signals to and from the electrical components of the bicycle V using power line communication (PLC). In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured to control the rear derailleur RD in either a manual or automatic control mode. In manual control mode, the electronic controller 42 is configured to perform shift control in response to manual input using the shifter SL. Specifically, the electronic controller 42 is configured to receive shift commands from the shifter SL via the external I / F54 in response to manual input using the shifter SL, and via the external...

[0088] The I / F54 transmits shift commands to the rear derailleur RD to operate the actuator of the rear derailleur RD.

[0089] RDa. On the other hand, in automatic control mode, the electronic controller 42 is configured to automatically generate shift commands based on at least one of cadence, bicycle speed, and gear ratio, and transmits the shift commands to the rear derailleur RD via an external I / F 54 to operate the actuator of the rear derailleur RD.

[0090] RDa. Alternatively, these shift commands can be obtained from the bicycle's SC speedometer via an external I / F54.

[0091] In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state of the rear derailleur RD based on information relating to at least one of the output state of the electric generator 26 and the storage state of the power memory PS. Figure 6-8 This is a schematic circuit diagram showing the electrical connections of the electric generator 26, the power storage device PS, the electronic circuit board ECB, and the rear derailleur RD. Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a state where the electronic controller 42 controls the rear derailleur RD in normal operation, and the bicycle's forward speed V is high enough that the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at this forward speed is greater than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD. In this case, if the bicycle's forward speed V decreases, and the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at this forward speed becomes less than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD, then... Figure 7 As shown, the power released from the power storage device PS is used to control the rear derailleur RD to be in normal operating condition. However, in this case, the operable time of the rear derailleur RD is limited by the capacity and / or storage status of the power storage device PS, and therefore it is difficult to ensure sufficient operable time.

[0092] On the other hand, in the illustrated embodiment, if the forward speed of the bicycle V decreases, and the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at that forward speed becomes less than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD under normal operating conditions, then, as Figure 8As shown, the electronic controller 42 switches the operating state from normal operation to energy-saving operation to limit the function of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD, thereby suppressing the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD. Through this operating state control, the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at this forward speed becomes greater than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD operating in energy-saving operation, thus ensuring a sufficient period of operability. Specifically, this operating state control limits the function of the rear derailleur RD, for example, by limiting the function and / or performance (e.g., clock frequency) of the electronic controller 42 that transmits shift commands to the rear derailleur RD and by reducing the response speed of the rear derailleur RD. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, if the forward speed of the bicycle V is further reduced, the electronic controller 42 can further switch the operating state to a power-off operation state to further suppress the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD.

[0093] Figure 9 This is a graph showing example values ​​of the electricity generated by the electric generator 26 according to the forward speed of the bicycle V. Specifically, as shown... Figure 9 As shown, the first power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V's forward speed is between 0-3 km / h is less than the second power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V's forward speed is between 3-5 km / h, the second power is less than the third power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V's forward speed is between 6-9 km / h, and the third power is less than the fourth power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V's forward speed is greater than 9 km / h. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first power is 0 mA, the second power is between 0-11.4 mA at 6.1V, the third power is between 11.4-40 mA at 6.1-7V, and the fourth power exceeds 40 mA at 7V and above. Of course, these values ​​are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, these values ​​may differ for different configurations. For example, the first power output can be between 0-3mA, the second power output can be between 0-20mA at 5-7V, the third power output can be between 7.5-60mA at 5-9V, and the fourth power output can exceed 7.5mA at voltages above 5V. However, generally speaking, as the forward speed of the bicycle V increases, the electric generator 26 can produce more power.

[0094] In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state of the rear derailleur RD based on the power generated by the electric generator 26. Specifically, since the power generated by the electric generator 26 varies according to the forward speed of the bicycle V, as described above, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state of the rear derailleur RD based on the forward speed of the bicycle V. In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 switches the operating state according to the forward speed of the bicycle V to a power-off operating state where the current consumed by the electronic circuit board ECB is a first current consumption, an energy-saving operating state where the current consumed by the electronic circuit board ECB is a second current consumption greater than the first current consumption, or a normal operating state where the current consumed by the electronic circuit board ECB is a third current consumption greater than the second current consumption. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first current consumption is less than 0.1uA, the second current consumption is between 0.1uA and 2mA, and the third current consumption is 18.3mA. Of course, these values ​​are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, these values ​​may be different for different configurations. For example, the first current consumption can be less than 0.5uA, the second current consumption can be greater than the first current consumption but less than 5mA, and the third current consumption can be greater than the second current consumption but between 5-25mA.

[0095] More specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, for example, when the bicycle V is accelerating, when the forward speed of the bicycle V is between 0-5 km / h, the electronic controller 42 switches the operation state to a power-off operation state; when the forward speed of the bicycle V is between 5-6 km / h, it switches the operation state to an energy-saving operation state; and when the forward speed of the bicycle V is greater than 6 km / h, it switches the operation state to a normal operation state. On the other hand, as... Figure 9 As shown, for example, when bicycle V is decelerating, when the forward speed of bicycle V is greater than 6 km / h, the electronic controller 42 switches the operating state to the normal operating state; when the forward speed of bicycle V is between 3 and 6 km / h, the operating state switches to the energy-saving operating state; and when the forward speed of bicycle V is between 0 and 3 km / h, the operating state switches to the power-off operating state. Of course, these values ​​are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the invention. However, generally, the electronic controller 42 can switch the operating state to a power-consuming operating state (e.g., the normal operating state) as the forward speed of bicycle V increases and the electric generator produces more power, and the electronic controller 42 can switch the operating state to a power-consuming operating state (e.g., the energy-saving operating state or the power-off operating state) as the forward speed of bicycle V decreases and the electric generator produces less power.

[0096] Further reference Figure 10 The operation status control performed by the electronic controller 42 will be described in detail. Figure 10 A state transition diagram for operational state control is shown. For example, before the electronic controller 42 begins operational state control, the electronic controller 42 continuously monitors the connection between external power and external I / F, the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW, and the output voltage of the power storage PS.

[0097] Specifically, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether external power equal to or greater than a predetermined power value is being supplied from the external I / F. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 4.5V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the predetermined power value can be a value between 3.5V and 5.5V. The electronic controller 42 monitors whether the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or greater than a predetermined speed value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined speed value is 36rpm. However, the predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the predetermined speed value can be a value between 30-40rpm. The electronic controller 42 also monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined power value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 4.6V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the predetermined power value can be a value between 3.6V and 5.6V.

[0098] If the electronic controller 42 determines that an external power supply equal to or greater than 4.5V is provided from the external I / F, or if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or greater than 36rpm and the output voltage of the power storage PS is equal to or greater than 4.6V, then the electronic controller 42 begins to operate state control.

[0099] First, the electronic controller 42 operates in startup state ST10. During startup state ST10, the electronic controller 42 allows discharge from the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = turn on") and prohibits discharge from the external I / F ("PLC discharge = turn off"). Then, the electronic controller 42 begins the startup process to initialize the various components of the electrical equipment ED.

[0100] When the startup process is complete, the electronic controller 42 then monitors the voltage level at the external I / F (i.e., "PLC voltage") and determines whether the voltage level at the external I / F is equal to or greater than a predetermined power value (step S10). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 3V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the predetermined power value can be a value between 2-4V.

[0101] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the voltage level at the external I / F is equal to or greater than 3V ("Yes" in step S10), the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the startup state ST10 to the external power connection state ST12 (transition T2). During the external power connection state ST12, the electronic controller 42 disables the power discharge of the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = off") and the power discharge of the external I / F ("PLC discharge = off"). Then, the electronic controller 42 periodically monitors the connection between the external power and the external I / F. If the electronic controller 42 detects a disconnection of the external power, the electronic controller 42 ends the operating state control (transition T4).

[0102] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the voltage level at the external I / F is less than 3V ("No" in step S10), then the electronic controller 42 further determines whether the storage state of the power storage device PS is in an abnormal state (step S12). Specifically, the electronic controller 42 determines whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined upper threshold, and whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is less than a predetermined lower threshold. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined upper threshold is 7.8V and the predetermined lower threshold is 4.6V. However, the predetermined upper and lower thresholds are not limited to these values ​​and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the predetermined upper threshold can be a value between 6.8 and 8.8V, while the predetermined lower threshold can be a value between 3.6 and 5.6V.

[0103] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than 7.8V (i.e., the power storage device PS is in an overcharged state), or the output voltage of the power storage device PS is less than 4.6V ("Yes" in step S12), then the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the start state ST10 to the power-off operating state ST14 (transition T6). During the power-off operating state ST14, the electronic controller 42 executes a shutdown procedure to shut down the electrical equipment ED.

[0104] Specifically, during the power-off operation state ST14, the electronic controller 42 updates the error log stored in the data storage device 48. Essentially, the electronic circuit board ECB is designed to prevent the electronic controller 42 from starting without an external power supply when the output voltage of the power storage device PS is below 4.6V. However, if the electronic controller 42 happens to start (power on) due to a wiring error, then the electronic controller 42 terminates operation state control after updating the error log (transition T8). Similarly, the electronic circuit board ECB is designed to prevent overcharging of the power storage device PS. However, if overcharging of the power storage device PS occurs, then the electronic controller 42 also terminates operation state control after updating the error log (transition T8).

[0105] Furthermore, during the power-off operation state ST14, the electronic controller 42 first allows discharge from the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = ON") and prohibits discharge from the external I / F ("PLC discharge = OFF"). Afterwards, the electronic controller 42 prohibits discharge from the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = OFF") and self-resets to prevent the electronic controller 42 from becoming unable to perform any actions. Once the shutdown process is complete, the electronic controller 42 ends its operation state control (transition to T8).

[0106] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage PS is equal to or greater than 4.6V and less than 7.8V ("No" in step S12), then the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the start-up process ST10 to the shift operation state ST15 (transition T9). During the shift operation state ST15, the electronic controller 42 can control the rear derailleur RD in manual control mode or automatic control mode and perform shift control of the rear derailleur RD.

[0107] During the shift operation state ST15, the electronic controller 42 first allows power discharge from the external I / F ("PLC discharge = on") and power discharge from the power memory PS ("LIC discharge = on"), and then operates in the normal operation state ST16.

[0108] During normal operation state ST16, the electronic controller 42 can control the rear derailleur RD in either manual or automatic control mode and perform shift control of the rear derailleur RD. The operation in normal operation state ST16 will be described in detail later.

[0109] During normal operation state ST16, the electronic controller 42 periodically monitors whether the storage state of the power storage device PS is in an abnormal state. Specifically, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined power value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 7.8V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the predetermined power value can be a value between 6.8V and 8.8V. The electronic controller 42 further monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than a second predetermined power value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the second predetermined power value is 4.6V. However, the second predetermined power value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the second predetermined power value can be a value between 3.6V and 5.6V. The electronic controller 42 further monitors whether there is overcurrent in the electronic circuit board ECB. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than 7.8V, the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than 4.6V, or an overcurrent exists in the electronic circuit board ECB, then the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the power-off operating state ST14 (transition T10). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state includes a second storage state, where the output voltage (e.g., power value) of the power storage device PS becomes equal to or less than (or below) 4.6V (e.g., a second predetermined power value). The operating state further includes the power-off operating state ST14 (e.g., a second power-off operating state). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the power-off operating state ST14 based on information associated with the second storage state.

[0110] During normal operation state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also monitors whether the output state detection sensor 52 outputs a pulse (i.e., a vehicle speed pulse) corresponding to the frequency of the AC power from the electric generator 26. If the electronic controller 42 detects a vehicle speed pulse, it further determines whether the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than a first predetermined speed value (step S14). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first predetermined speed value is 49 rpm. However, the first predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the first predetermined speed value can be a value between 36 and 60 rpm.

[0111] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is greater than 49 rpm (No in step S14), the electronic controller 42 returns to the normal operating state ST16 and continues to monitor the vehicle speed pulse.

[0112] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 49 rpm ("Yes" in step S14), the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the operating states include the normal operating state ST16 and the energy-saving operating state (e.g., power-saving operating state) ST18. The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12) based on information related to the output state of the electric generator 26. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the output state includes a first output state, where the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW of the bicycle V (e.g., a speed value related to forward speed) becomes equal to or less than (or below) 49 rpm (e.g., a first predetermined speed value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12) based on information related to the first output state. The operation in the energy-saving operating state ST18 will be described in detail later. Here, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 can further determine whether the rear derailleur RD is allowed to operate or is allowed to operate in the energy-saving operating state ST18. In this case, when the rear derailleur RD is not allowed to operate or is not allowed to operate in the energy-saving operating state ST18, even if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 49 rpm ("Yes" in step S14), the electronic controller 42 will not control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 determines whether the rear derailleur RD is allowed to operate or is allowed to operate in the energy-saving operating state by reading a status flag that has been changed according to a notification from the rear derailleur RD.

[0113] Operate in ST18.

[0114] During normal operation state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than a first predetermined power value. In other words, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether a low voltage state (i.e., "LIC low voltage") occurs in the power storage device PS. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first predetermined power value is 6V. However, the first predetermined power value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the first predetermined power value can be 5-7V. In particular, the first predetermined power value can be set to a power value that is not determined to be an abnormal state of the storage state of the power storage device PS. For example, the first predetermined power value can be set to a power value between 4.6V and 7.8V, which is used to determine transitions T6 and T10. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than 6V, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from normal operation state ST16 to energy-saving operation state ST18 (transition T14). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state includes a first storage state, where the output voltage of the power storage device PS (e.g., the power value of the power storage device) becomes equal to or less than (or below) 6V (e.g., a first predetermined power value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from a normal operating state ST16 to an energy-saving operating state ST18 based on information associated with the first storage state. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the second predetermined power value (4.6V) is less than the first predetermined power value (6V). In the illustrated embodiment, when the electronic controller 42 determines a low-voltage state (i.e., "LIC low voltage") in the power storage device PS, the electronic controller 42 immediately controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition).

[0115] T14). However, the electronic controller 42 can be configured such that when the electronic controller 42 determines that the power storage PS is in a low voltage state (i.e., "LIC low voltage") for more than two consecutive seconds, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T14). In this case, the electronic controller 42 can also be configured such that when the electronic controller 42 determines that the power storage PS is in a low voltage state (i.e., "LIC low voltage") and the derailleur...

[0116] When RD does not shift gears, the electronic controller 42 immediately controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T14).

[0117] During normal operation state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also periodically monitors whether the voltage level at the external I / F (i.e., the "PLC voltage") is greater than the output voltage of the power storage PS. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the voltage level at the external I / F is greater than the output voltage of the power storage PS, the electronic controller 42 controls the operation state from normal operation state ST16 to external power connection state ST12 (transition T16). In the illustrated embodiment, to prevent false detection, the electronic controller 42 can compare the voltage level at the external I / F with a voltage value in which a predetermined offset voltage, such as 0.2V, is added to the output voltage of the power storage PS.

[0118] During normal operation state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also monitors for power-off commands received from other master controllers or components. If the electronic controller 42 determines that a power-off command has been received from another master controller or component, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from normal operation state ST16 to external power connection state ST12 (transition T18). Furthermore, for example, in the illustrated embodiment, when the electronic circuit board ECB includes a wireless communication device for communicating with other electric components of the bicycle V, the electronic controller 42 can be configured to prevent wireless communication when the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is less than a predetermined speed value, for example, 36 rpm, corresponding to a forward speed of 5 km / h.

[0119] When the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12 or T14), the electronic controller 42 monitors whether a wake-up command has been received. If the electronic controller 42 determines that a wake-up command has been received, then the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 back to the normal operating state ST16 (transition T20).

[0120] During energy-saving operation ST18, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether the rotation detection sensor 25 detects the rotation of the rear sprocket CS. In the illustrated embodiment, the rotation detection sensor 25 may output a pulse (i.e., a "CS pulse") in response to detecting the detected component 24. In this case, the electronic controller 42 can monitor whether the rotation of the rear sprocket CS is detected by the rotation detection sensor 25 by monitoring whether it receives the CS pulse from the rotation detection sensor 25.

[0121] If the electronic controller 42 determines that no CS pulse is received within a predetermined time period, such as 60 seconds, then the electronic controller 42 further determines whether the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than a second predetermined speed value (step S16). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the second predetermined speed value is 36 rpm. However, the second predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and may vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the second predetermined speed value may be a value between 30 and 40 rpm. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW exceeds 36 rpm ("No" in step S16), then the electronic controller 42 returns to the energy-saving operation state ST18 and continues to monitor the CS pulse. On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 36 rpm ("Yes" in step S16), then the electronic controller 42 controls the operation state from the energy-saving operation state ST18 to the power-off operation state ST14 (transition T22). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the output state includes a second output state where the rotational speed (e.g., speed value) of the rear wheel RW becomes equal to or less than (or below) 36 rpm (e.g., a second predetermined speed value). The second predetermined speed value (36 rpm) is less than a first predetermined speed value (49 rpm). The operating state also includes a power-off operating state ST14 (e.g., a first power-off operating state). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from an energy-saving operating state ST18 to a power-off operating state ST14 (e.g., the first power-off operating state) based on information associated with the second output state.

[0122] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that a CS pulse has been received, it controls the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the wake-up determination state ST20 (transition T24). In other words, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 uses the receipt of the CS pulse as a wake-up condition from the energy-saving operating state ST18. However, the wake-up condition is not limited to this. The electronic controller 42 can detect the following wake-up conditions: the reversal time of the rear sprocket CS (e.g., the time when forward rotation changes to reverse rotation), the interruption of the rotation of the rear sprocket CS, the release of the signal indicating a low voltage in the LIC (e.g., the time when the electronic controller 42 is uncertain about the low voltage state of the power storage PS), or an overcurrent in the external I / F (i.e., an overcurrent in the PLC circuit). Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, these wake-up conditions can be used as wake-up conditions for waking from other sleep states of the electronic controller 42.

[0123] During the wake-up determination state ST20, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is greater than a third predetermined speed value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the third predetermined speed value is 36 rpm. However, the third predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and can vary depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the third predetermined speed value can be a value between 30 and 40 rpm. The electronic controller 42 also monitors whether the output voltage of the power memory PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, this predetermined value is 6V and is the same as the first predetermined power value (see transition T14). However, the predetermined threshold is not limited to this and can vary from 6V depending on needs and / or expectations. For example, the predetermined threshold can be a value between 5 and 7V.

[0124] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 36 rpm, or the output voltage of the power storage PS is less than 6V, the electronic controller 42 will control the operation state from the wake-up determination state ST20 to the energy-saving operation state ST18 (transition T26).

[0125] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is greater than 36 rpm and the output voltage of the power storage PS is equal to or greater than 6V, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the wake-up determination state ST20 to the normal operating state ST16 (transition T28). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the output state includes a third output state, where the rotational speed (e.g., speed value) of the rear wheel RW becomes greater than (or exceeds) 36 rpm (e.g., a third predetermined speed value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the normal operating state ST16 (via the wake-up determination state) based on information related to the third output state.

[0126] ST20). Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state includes a third storage state, where the output voltage (e.g., power value) of the power memory PS becomes equal to or greater than 6V (e.g., a first predetermined power value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the normal operating state ST16 (by waking up the determined state ST20) based on information associated with the third storage state.

[0127] By controlling the operating states according to the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 operates differently according to the operating states (ST10, ST12, ST14, ST16, ST18 and ST20), as shown in the table below.

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] Specifically, as shown in the table above, in the energy-saving operation state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20, the function and / or performance (e.g., clock frequency) of the electronic controller 42 is limited relative to the normal operation state ST16. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured to limit the function of the rear derailleur RD (e.g., component) by limiting the function and / or performance of the electronic controller 42 in the energy-saving operation state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20. Specifically, for example, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured relative to the normal operation state...

[0131] ST16 reduces the operating rate of the rear derailleur RD in the energy-saving operation state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20 by lowering the clock frequency and input capture rate and by disabling the 1ms periodic processing. Specifically, through this operation state control, the electronic controller 42 is configured to reduce the shifting response (e.g., operating rate) of the rear derailleur RD in the energy-saving operation state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20 relative to the normal operation state ST16. Therefore, through this operation state control, the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD can be suppressed when the electronic controller 42 operates the rear derailleur RD in the energy-saving operation state ST18 or the wake-up determination state ST20. Thus, even if the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 is low, the operable time period can be ensured.

[0132] In the illustrated embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB further includes a rectifier 56. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED further includes a rectifier 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the rectifier 56 is electrically connected between the electric generator 26 and the power storage device PS. The rectifier 56 is configured to rectify the power output from the electric generator 26. Specifically, the rectifier 56 is an electrical device or circuit that converts the alternating current (AC) from the electric generator 26 into direct current (DC) to supply the DC power to the power storage device PS and the electrical components of the bicycle V.

[0133] Figure 11 A circuit diagram is shown illustrating the electrical connection between the electric generator and the power storage device PS via rectifier 56. In the illustrated embodiment, as... Figure 11As shown, the power storage device PS includes first and second capacitors 44, 46 (e.g., multiple power storage elements) connected in series with each other. The rectifier 56 includes a first diode 60 and a second diode 62. The first and second diodes 60, 62 are connected between the power generator 26 and the first and second capacitors 44, 46 such that one of the first and second diodes 60, 62 is turned on in each half-cycle. Specifically, when the output voltage of the power generator 26 is positive, the first capacitor 44 is charged through the first diode 60, and when the output voltage of the power generator 26 is negative, the second capacitor 46 is charged through the second diode 62. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the first and second capacitors 44, 46 (e.g., multiple power storage elements) are configured to store the power output from the power generator 26 in a time-division manner.

[0134] In addition, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first and second capacitors 44 and 46 can be charged to the same output voltage of the electric generator 26, respectively. Therefore, a total output voltage twice the output voltage of the electric generator 26 can be obtained between the two series-connected capacitors 44 and 46. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the first and second diodes 60 and 62 of the rectifier 56, along with the first and second capacitors 44 and 46 (e.g., power storage elements), are configured to form a voltage multiplier circuit. In the illustrated embodiment, as... Figure 11 As shown, rectifier 56 and power storage device PS form a voltage multiplier circuit with a voltage multiplication factor of 2. However, rectifier 56 and power storage device PS can be configured differently to form a voltage multiplier circuit with a voltage multiplication factor greater than 2. With this configuration, even if the electric generator 26 only produces a low output voltage, it is possible to charge the first capacitor 44 and the second capacitor 46 of the power storage device PS while ensuring the amount of charging current.

[0135] In the illustrated embodiment, as Figure 11 As shown, rectifier 56 is configured to form a voltage multiplier circuit. However, rectifier 56 is not limited to this. For example, as... Figure 12 As shown, rectifier 56 can be configured as a full-bridge rectifier circuit that simultaneously charges the first and second capacitors 44, 46 of the power storage PS as needed and / or desired.

[0136] In the illustrated embodiment, an example is shown of the electronic controller 42 controlling the operating state of the rear derailleur RD. However, the electronic controller 42 can similarly control the operating state of any other electric components of the bicycle V. These electric components include, for example, the height-adjustable seatpost ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, the front fork FF, the electric drive unit DU, etc. For example, in this case, the controller is configured to reduce the operating rate of the electric components in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20 relative to the normal operating state ST16 by reducing the clock frequency and input capture rate and disabling 1ms periodic processing. Specifically, for example, with respect to the height-adjustable seatpost ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, and the front fork FF, the electronic controller 42 is configured to reduce the response (e.g., operating rate) of the height adjustment control of the height-adjustable seatpost ASP and the response (e.g., operating rate) of the stiffness and / or travel length control of the rear shock absorber RS ​​and the front fork FF. Furthermore, for example, with respect to the electric drive unit DU, the electronic controller 42 is configured to reduce the rate of force generation to assist the pedaling of the electric drive unit DU (e.g., operating rate). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the operating rate includes at least one force-generating rate to assist pedaling. Furthermore, when the electronic circuit board ECB includes a wireless communication device for communicating with other electric components of the bicycle V, the electronic controller 42 can be configured to reduce the wireless communication rate (e.g., operating rate) of the wireless communication device in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20 relative to the normal operating state ST16.

[0137] In understanding the scope of this invention, the term "comprising" and its derivatives as used herein are intended to be open-ended terms, indicating the presence of the stated features, elements, components, groups, integers, and / or steps, but not excluding the presence of other unstated features, elements, components, groups, integers, and / or steps. The foregoing also applies to words with similar meanings, such as the terms "comprising," "having," and their derivatives. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the terms "part," "section," "component," or "element," when used in the singular, may have a dual meaning of a single part or multiple parts.

[0138] As used herein, the following directional terms, “forward,” “backward,” “front,” “rear,” “upward,” “downward,” “above,” “below,” “over,” “under,” “top,” “bottom,” “side,” “longitudinal,” “horizontal,” “vertical,” and “lateral,” as well as any other similar directional terms, refer to those directions of a human-powered vehicle (e.g., a bicycle) in an upright, riding position and equipped with electrical devices. Therefore, these directional terms used to describe electrical devices should be understood relative to a human-powered vehicle (e.g., a bicycle) in an upright riding position on a horizontal surface and equipped with control devices. The terms “left” and “right” are used to indicate “right” when viewed from the rear of a human-powered vehicle (e.g., a bicycle) and when viewed from the left, respectively.

[0139] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "at least one" means "one or more" of the desired selections. For example, if the number of selections is two, the phrase "at least one" as used in this disclosure means "only one single selection" or "two of the two selections." As another example, if the number of selections is equal to or greater than three, the phrase "at least one" as used in this disclosure means "only one single selection" or "any combination of equal to or greater than two selections." Furthermore, the term "and / or" as used in this disclosure means "one or both of them."

[0140] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the terms "first" and "second" may be used herein to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. Thus, for example, without departing from the teachings of the invention, the first component discussed above may be referred to as the second component, and vice versa.

[0141] The term "attach to" or "attach" as used herein encompasses the following configurations: directly adhering a component to another component; directly securing a component to another component; indirectly securing a component to another component by adhering it to an intermediate component, which in turn is adhered to another component; and configurations where one component is integral with another, i.e., one component is essentially part of another component. This definition also applies to terms with similar meanings, such as "connect," "join," "join," "install," "adhere," "secure," and their derivatives. Finally, the degree terms used herein, such as "essentially," "approximately," and "approximately," refer to deviations from the modified terminology such that the final result is not significantly altered.

[0142] Although only selected embodiments have been chosen to illustrate the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example, unless specifically stated otherwise, the size, shape, position, or orientation of various components may be changed as needed and / or desired, provided that such changes do not materially affect their intended function. Unless specifically stated otherwise, components shown as directly connected or in contact with each other may have an intermediate structure between them, provided that such changes do not materially affect their intended function. The function of one element may be performed by two elements, and vice versa, unless specifically stated otherwise. The structure and function of one embodiment may be adopted in another embodiment. It is not necessary for all advantages to appear simultaneously in a particular embodiment. Each feature unique to the prior art, alone or in combination with other features, should also be considered as a separate description of the applicant's further invention, including the structural and / or functional concepts embodied in such feature. Therefore, the above description of embodiments according to the invention is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control device for a human-powered vehicle, the human-powered vehicle comprising a generator configured to output electricity, an energy storage device electrically connected to the generator, and a component having an actuator electrically actuated by at least one of the generator and the energy storage device, the component comprising a bicycle electric gearbox, the control device comprising: A controller, electrically connected to at least one of the generator and the power storage device, is configured to control the operating state of the components based on information relating to at least one of the output state of the generator and the storage state of the power storage device. The operating states include a normal operating state and a power-saving operating state, wherein the power consumption in the power-saving operating state is less than that in the normal operating state, and wherein... The controller is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the power-saving operating state based on the information.

2. The control device according to claim 1, wherein... The component includes a rear derailleur.

3. The control device according to claim 2, wherein... The rear derailleur is configured to operate at a lower operating rate in the power-saving operating state relative to the normal operating state.

4. The control device according to claim 2, wherein The controller is configured to control the rear derailleur in either manual or automatic control mode.

5. The control device according to claim 4, wherein... In the manual control mode, the controller is configured to perform shift control in response to manual input.

6. The control device according to claim 4, wherein In the automatic control mode, the controller is configured to automatically generate shift commands and transmit the shift commands to the rear derailleur to operate the actuator of the rear derailleur.

7. The control device according to claim 6, wherein The controller is configured to automatically generate the shift command based on at least one of cadence, bicycle speed, and gear ratio.

8. The control device according to claim 2, wherein The controller is configured to determine whether the output voltage of the power storage device is equal to or greater than a predetermined upper limit threshold, and whether the output voltage of the power storage device is less than a predetermined lower limit threshold.

9. The control device according to claim 8, wherein If the controller determines that the output voltage of the power storage device is equal to or greater than the predetermined lower threshold and less than the predetermined upper threshold, the controller is configured to control the rear derailleur in manual control mode or automatic control mode and perform shift control of the rear derailleur.

10. The control device according to claim 2, wherein The controller is configured to reduce the shifting speed of the rear derailleur in the power-saving operation state relative to the normal operation state.

11. The control device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein The operating states also include a power-off operating state, and The controller is configured to control the operation state from the normal operation state to the power-saving operation state or the power-off operation state based on the information.

12. The control device according to claim 11, wherein The power consumption in the power-off operation state is less than the power consumption in the power-saving operation state.

13. The control device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein The controller is configured to reduce the operating rate of the components in the power-saving operating state relative to the normal operating state by reducing the clock frequency and input capture rate and by disabling periodic processing.

14. The control device according to claim 11, wherein The output states include a first output state, in which the speed value related to the forward speed of the manually driven vehicle becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined speed value, and The controller is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the power-saving operating state based on information related to the first output state.

15. The control device according to claim 14, wherein The output state also includes a second output state, in which the speed value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined speed value. The second predetermined speed value is less than the first predetermined speed value. The power outage operation state includes a first power outage operation state, and The controller is also configured to control the operation state from the power-saving operation state to the first power-off operation state based on information related to the second output state.

16. The control device according to claim 14, wherein The output state also includes a third output state, wherein the speed value becomes greater than a third predetermined speed value, and The controller is also configured to control the operating state from the power-saving operating state to the normal operating state based on information related to the third output state.

17. The control device according to claim 11, wherein The storage state includes a first storage state, in which the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined power value, and The controller is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the power-saving operating state based on information related to the first storage state.

18. The control device according to claim 17, wherein The storage state also includes a second storage state, in which the power value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined power value. The second predetermined power value is less than the first predetermined power value. The power outage operation state includes a second power outage operation state, and The controller is also configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the second power-off operating state based on information related to the second storage state.

19. The control device according to claim 17, wherein The storage state further includes a third storage state, in which the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or greater than a first predetermined power value, and The controller is also configured to control the operating state from the power-saving operating state to the normal operating state based on information related to the third storage state.

20. The control device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein The controller is configured to limit the function of the component during the power-saving operation.

21. The control device according to claim 20, wherein... The controller is configured to reduce the operating rate of the component in the power-saving operation state, and The operating rate includes at least one of the force-generating rates used to assist pedaling.

22. An electrical device, comprising The control device according to any one of claims 1-21; and A component having an actuator activated in response to the operation of an operating member.

23. The electrical equipment according to claim 22, further comprising: A rectifier, electrically connected between the generator and the power storage device, is configured to rectify the power output from the generator.

24. The electrical equipment according to claim 23, wherein The power storage device includes a plurality of power storage elements connected in series with each other, the plurality of power storage elements being configured to store power output from the generator in a time-division manner.

25. The electrical equipment according to claim 24, wherein The rectifier and the power storage element are configured to form a voltage multiplier circuit.

26. The electrical equipment according to claim 22, further comprising: Hub axle; and The hub body is rotatably mounted relative to the hub shaft. The generator is located between the hub shaft and the hub body.

27. The electrical equipment according to claim 26, wherein The power storage device is mounted on the hub shaft.

28. The electrical equipment according to claim 27, wherein The power storage device is housed inside the hub body.

29. The electrical equipment according to claim 26, wherein The controller is set to the hub body.

30. A system for manually driven vehicles, the system comprising: The electrical equipment according to any one of claims 22-29.

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