Non-fine concrete turn-up construction method for tunnel side wall

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a non-fine concrete turn-up construction method for a tunnel side wall, which comprises the following steps of: setting preset point positions on the inner wall of a primary support; geotechnical cloth and first waterproof plate fixing strips are arranged, and the first waterproof plate fixing strips wrap the longitudinal drainage blind pipes and the non-fine concrete blocks; a waterproof plate is arranged, and the waterproof plate reversely stretches into the position between the first waterproof plate fixing strip and the inner wall of the primary support; and a second waterproof plate fixing strip is arranged to press and attach the longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the non-fine concrete block to the inner wall of the primary support. Accurate positioning is carried out through the preset point positions, continuity and integrity of the drainage channel in the whole construction process are ensured, drainage interruption caused by dislocation or omission in traditional construction is avoided, an upper-pressing-down lap joint structure is formed by arranging the waterproof plates for reverse wrapping, and the construction efficiency is improved. The method effectively avoids the problem of gaps or water flow backward flowing possibly existing in a traditional mode, greatly improves the sealing performance and reliability of the longitudinal joint of the waterproof plate, and is simple in step, convenient to operate and good in effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a method for constructing tunnel sidewalls using sand-free concrete reverse wrapping. Background Technology

[0002] The main function of the no-fines concrete used in tunnel sidewalls is as a drainage and filter layer. In the past, longitudinal drainage blind pipes were usually only installed on the initial support of the tunnel sidewalls, and no drainage or filter material was installed above the longitudinal drainage blind pipes, resulting in poor drainage effect. Subsequently, a method of prefabricating no-fines concrete blocks and transporting them to the site for installation has emerged in this field to solve the above-mentioned problems of cast-in-place no-fines concrete.

[0003] However, the on-site installation of precast no-fines concrete blocks makes it difficult to lay the waterproofing membrane. The waterproofing membrane and the precast no-fines concrete blocks are not tightly bonded, which can easily cause wrinkles or gaps, affecting the waterproofing effect. The waterproofing membrane may even be punctured when the secondary lining is poured. Therefore, a new construction method is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem of poor drainage effect of existing longitudinal drainage blind pipes by providing a method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping, which improves drainage effect and ensures a tight fit between the waterproof membrane and the precast sand-free concrete blocks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing a tunnel sidewall with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping, comprising the following steps: S1. Set the first preset point, the second preset point, the third preset point and the fourth preset point at intervals from top to bottom on the inner wall of the initial support; S2. Connect geotextile and a first waterproof membrane fixing strip to the inner wall of the initial support. The two ends of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip are fixedly connected to the first preset point and the second preset point, respectively. The first waterproof membrane fixing strip is wrapped with a longitudinal drainage blind pipe and a sand-free concrete block. The geotextile is fixedly connected at the first preset point to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip close to the initial support. The geotextile is fixedly connected at the second preset point to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip away from the initial support, and the geotextile extends into the first waterproof membrane fixing strip. S3. A waterproof board is installed on the outside of the geotextile and the first waterproof board fixing strip. The top end of the waterproof board is fixedly connected to the geotextile, and the bottom end of the waterproof board extends beyond the bottom of the first waterproof board fixing strip. A second waterproof board fixing strip is connected to the waterproof board. S4. Lift the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip away from the initial support, bring the bottom of the waterproof membrane close to the initial support and extend it in the opposite direction between the second preset point and the third preset point, fix the waterproof membrane at the third preset point, and put the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip down. S5. Fix the second waterproof membrane fixing strip at the fourth preset point, and press and attach the longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the sand-free concrete block to the inner wall of the initial support.

[0006] The present invention employs a method for constructing tunnel sidewalls using a non-sand-reinforced concrete backfill. This method involves using geotextile to collect and guide groundwater to the non-sand-reinforced concrete blocks and the longitudinal drainage blind pipes, while simultaneously protecting the waterproof membrane. The non-sand-reinforced concrete blocks filter groundwater, preventing blockage of the inlet holes in the longitudinal drainage blind pipes. By encasing the longitudinal drainage blind pipes and the non-sand-reinforced concrete blocks within the fixing strips of the first waterproof membrane and precisely positioning them using pre-set points, the continuity and integrity of the drainage channel throughout the construction process are ensured, avoiding drainage interruptions caused by misalignment or omissions in traditional construction methods. The waterproof membrane isolates groundwater, preventing its intrusion into the tunnel. The backfill structure of the waterproof membrane, with its overlapping layer, effectively avoids gaps or backflow problems that may exist in traditional methods, greatly improving the efficiency of the construction. The sealing and reliability of the longitudinal joints of the waterproof membrane are ensured. The top and bottom ends of the waterproof membrane are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the initial support, and then further secured at the fourth preset point by the second waterproof membrane fixing strip. This multi-point, multi-directional fixing method effectively constrains the waterproof membrane throughout its entire height, making it less prone to loosening, falling off, or wrinkling. The preset points provide precise positioning benchmarks for the installation of each component, greatly reducing construction errors and improving the standardization and efficiency of the operation. This method decomposes the complex waterproof drainage system installation into clear steps with rigorous logic and strong operability. In particular, the "lift-reverse insertion-lowering" action cleverly solves the problem of preventing the bottom of the waterproof membrane from interfering with the upper structure, making the construction smoother and ultimately forming a collaborative whole system. The method is simple in steps, easy to operate, and effective.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the geotextile is a non-woven geotextile.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sand-free concrete block is disposed above the longitudinal drainage blind pipe.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first preset point, the second preset point, the third preset point and the fourth preset point are respectively provided with anchors.

[0010] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the anchors corresponding to the first preset point, the second preset point and the third preset point are rivets, and the anchors corresponding to the fourth preset point are nails.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the third preset point is used as the welding point and welding material is fixed thereon, and the welding material and the waterproof membrane are welded together.

[0012] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the welding material and the waterproof membrane are connected by hot air welding.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of first waterproof membrane fixing strips are arranged at intervals along the tunnel length direction, and a plurality of second waterproof membrane fixing strips are arranged at intervals along the tunnel length direction.

[0014] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the width of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip is 4cm to 8cm, and the width of the second waterproof membrane fixing strip is 4cm to 8cm.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a tunnel sidewall no-fines concrete inverted structure, formed using the tunnel sidewall no-fines concrete inverted construction method described in any of the above claims. This structure includes a longitudinal drainage blind pipe, a no-fines concrete block, geotextile, a first waterproofing membrane fixing strip, a waterproofing membrane, and a second waterproofing membrane fixing strip. The geotextile is connected to the inner wall of the initial support, which is provided with a first preset point, a second preset point, a third preset point, and a fourth preset point at intervals from top to bottom. The two ends of the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip are respectively fixedly connected to the first preset point and the second preset point. The longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the no-fines concrete block are wrapped inside the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip. The geotextile is fixedly connected to the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip at the first preset point. The waterproof membrane fixing strip is located near the initial support. The geotextile is fixedly connected to the first waterproof membrane fixing strip at the second preset point on the side away from the initial support, and the geotextile extends into the first waterproof membrane fixing strip. The waterproof membrane is located outside the geotextile and the first waterproof membrane fixing strip. The top end of the waterproof membrane is fixedly connected to the geotextile, and the bottom end of the waterproof membrane extends beyond the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip and wraps around the first waterproof membrane fixing strip and the inner wall of the initial support. The waterproof membrane is fixed at the third preset point. The second waterproof membrane fixing strip is connected to the waterproof membrane and fixed at the fourth preset point. The longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the sand-free concrete block are pressed and adhered to the inner wall of the initial support.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention discloses a method for constructing a tunnel sidewall with a sand-free concrete backfill. The method involves using geotextile to collect and guide groundwater to the sand-free concrete block and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, while simultaneously protecting the waterproof membrane. The sand-free concrete block filters groundwater, preventing blockage of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe's inlet. By encasing the longitudinal drainage blind pipe and the sand-free concrete block within the first waterproof membrane fixing strip and using pre-set points for precise positioning, the continuity and integrity of the drainage channel throughout the construction process are ensured, avoiding drainage interruptions caused by misalignment or omissions in traditional construction methods. The waterproof membrane isolates groundwater, preventing its intrusion into the tunnel. The backfill structure of the waterproof membrane, with its overlapping layer, effectively avoids gaps or backflow problems that may exist in traditional methods, greatly improving the waterproof membrane's effectiveness. The sealing and reliability of the longitudinal joints of the waterproofing board are ensured. The top and bottom ends of the waterproofing board are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the initial support, and then further secured at the fourth preset point by the second waterproofing board fixing strip. This multi-point, multi-directional fixing method effectively constrains the waterproofing board throughout its entire height, making it less prone to loosening, falling off, or wrinkling. The preset points provide precise positioning benchmarks for the installation of each component, greatly reducing construction errors and improving the standardization and efficiency of the operation. This method decomposes the complex waterproofing and drainage system installation into clear steps with rigorous logic and strong operability. In particular, the "lift-reverse insertion-lowering" action cleverly solves the problem of preventing the bottom of the waterproofing board from interfering with the upper structure, making the construction smoother and ultimately forming a collaborative whole system. The method is simple in steps, easy to operate, and effective. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of step two in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of step three in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of step four in Example 1. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step four in Example 1. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of step five in Example 1.

[0018] Marked in the image: 1- Initial support; 2-Longitudinal drainage blind pipe; 3- No-fines concrete blocks; 4-Geotextile; 5-First waterproof membrane fixing strip; 61 - First preset point, 62 - Second preset point, 63 - Third preset point, 64 - Fourth preset point; 7-Waterproof membrane; 8-Second waterproof membrane fixing strip; 9-Welding point. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0023] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0024] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0025] In related technologies, the on-site installation of precast no-fines concrete blocks makes it difficult to lay waterproof membranes. The waterproof membrane and the precast no-fines concrete blocks are not tightly bonded, easily resulting in wrinkles or gaps, affecting the waterproofing effect. The waterproof membrane may even be punctured during the pouring of the secondary lining. Therefore, the technical solution of this application was developed. The following is a detailed explanation... Figures 1 to 5 To elaborate.

[0026] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a method for constructing a tunnel sidewall with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Set the first preset point 61, the second preset point 62, the third preset point 63 and the fourth preset point 64 at intervals from top to bottom on the inner wall of the initial support 1.

[0027] Step 2, as follows Figure 1 As shown, geotextile 4 and first waterproofing membrane fixing strip 5 are connected to the inner wall of the initial support 1. The geotextile 4 is a non-woven geotextile that can be bonded to the inner wall of the initial support 1. Several first waterproofing membrane fixing strips 5 are arranged at intervals of 1m to 1.2m along the tunnel length direction. The width of the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip 5 is 4cm to 8cm. The two ends of the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip 5 are fixedly connected to the first preset point 61 and the second preset point 62, respectively. The first waterproofing membrane fixing strip 5 is wrapped with a longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2 and a sand-free concrete block 3. The sand-free concrete block 3 is set above the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2. The first waterproofing membrane fixing strip 5 forms a hook-shaped structure.

[0028] The geotextile 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 near the initial support 1 at the first preset point 61, and the geotextile 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 away from the initial support 1 at the second preset point 62, and the geotextile 4 extends into the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5.

[0029] Step 3, as follows Figure 2 As shown, a waterproof membrane 7 is provided on the outside of the geotextile 4 and the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5. The top end of the waterproof membrane 7 is fixedly connected to the geotextile 4, and the bottom end of the waterproof membrane 7 extends beyond the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5. A second waterproof membrane fixing strip 8 is connected to the waterproof membrane 7. Several second waterproof membrane fixing strips 8 are arranged at intervals along the tunnel length direction, with a spacing of 1m to 1.2m. The width of the second waterproof membrane fixing strip 8 is 4cm to 8cm.

[0030] Step 4, as follows Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 is lifted away from the initial support 1, as... Figure 4 As shown, the bottom end of the waterproof membrane 7 is brought close to the initial support 1 and extended in the opposite direction between the second preset point 62 and the third preset point 63. The waterproof membrane 7 is fixed at the third preset point 63, and the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 is lowered.

[0031] Step 5, as follows Figure 5 As shown, the second waterproof membrane fixing strip 8 is fixed at the fourth preset point 64, and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2 and the sandless concrete block 3 are pressed and attached to the inner wall of the initial support 1.

[0032] In an optional implementation, the first preset point 61, the second preset point 62, the third preset point 63, and the fourth preset point 64 are each provided with an anchor. For example, the anchors corresponding to the first preset point 61, the second preset point 62, and the third preset point 63 are rivets, and the anchors corresponding to the fourth preset point 64 are nails.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the third preset point 63 is used as the welding point 9 and welding material is fixed thereon. The welding material and the waterproof membrane 7 are welded together. For example, the welding material and the waterproof membrane 7 are connected by hot air welding.

[0034] This embodiment describes a method for constructing a tunnel sidewall with a sand-free concrete backfill. The method involves using geotextile 4 to collect and guide groundwater to the sand-free concrete block 3 and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2, while simultaneously protecting the waterproof membrane 7. The sand-free concrete block 3 filters the groundwater, preventing blockage of the inlet holes of the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2. By encasing the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2 and the sand-free concrete block 3 within the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 and precisely positioning them using preset points, the continuity and integrity of the drainage channel throughout the construction process are ensured, avoiding drainage interruptions caused by misalignment or omissions in traditional construction methods. The waterproof membrane 7 isolates groundwater, preventing its intrusion into the tunnel. The backfilling of the waterproof membrane 7 creates an overlapping structure, effectively preventing gaps or backflow problems that may exist in traditional methods, greatly improving the efficiency of the construction. The method describes the sealing and reliability of the longitudinal joints of the waterproof membrane 7. The top and bottom ends of the waterproof membrane 7 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the initial support 1, and then fixed and pressed at the fourth preset point 64 by the second waterproof membrane fixing strip 8. This multi-point, multi-directional fixing method effectively constrains the waterproof membrane 7 throughout its entire height, making it less prone to loosening, falling off, or wrinkling. The setting of preset points provides a precise positioning benchmark for the installation of each component, greatly reducing construction errors and improving the standardization and efficiency of the operation. This method decomposes the complex waterproof drainage system installation into clear steps, with rigorous logic and strong operability. In particular, the "lift-reverse insertion-lowering" action cleverly solves the problem of the bottom fixing of the waterproof membrane 7 not interfering with the upper structure, making the construction smoother and ultimately forming a collaborative whole system. The method is simple in steps, easy to operate, and has good results.

[0035] Example 2 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention discloses a tunnel sidewall sandless concrete reverse-wrapping structure, which is formed using the tunnel sidewall sandless concrete reverse-wrapping construction method as described in Example 1. The structure includes a longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2, a sandless concrete block 3, a geotextile 4, a first waterproofing membrane fixing strip 5, a waterproofing membrane 7, and a second waterproofing membrane fixing strip 8.

[0036] The geotextile 4 is connected to the inner wall of the initial support 1. The inner wall of the initial support 1 is provided with a first preset point 61, a second preset point 62, a third preset point 63 and a fourth preset point 64 at intervals from top to bottom.

[0037] The two ends of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 are fixedly connected to the first preset point 61 and the second preset point 62, respectively. The longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2 and the sand-free concrete block 3 are wrapped inside the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5. The geotextile 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 near the initial support 1 at the first preset point 61. The geotextile 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 away from the initial support 1 at the second preset point 62, and the geotextile 4 extends into the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5.

[0038] The waterproof membrane 7 is disposed on the outside of the geotextile 4 and the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5. The top end of the waterproof membrane 7 is fixedly connected to the geotextile 4, and the bottom end of the waterproof membrane 7 extends beyond the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 and wraps around the first waterproof membrane fixing strip 5 and the inner wall of the initial support 1. The waterproof membrane 7 is fixed at the third preset point 63.

[0039] The second waterproof membrane fixing strip 8 is connected to the waterproof membrane 7 and fixed at the fourth preset point 64. The longitudinal drainage blind pipe 2 and the sandless concrete block 3 are pressed and attached to the inner wall of the initial support 1.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing tunnel sidewalls using sand-free concrete reverse wrapping, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Set the first preset point (61), the second preset point (62), the third preset point (63) and the fourth preset point (64) at intervals from top to bottom on the inner wall of the initial support (1); S2. A geotextile (4) and a first waterproofing membrane fixing strip (5) are connected to the inner wall of the initial support (1). The two ends of the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip (5) are fixedly connected to the first preset point (61) and the second preset point (62) respectively. The first waterproofing membrane fixing strip (5) is wrapped with a longitudinal drainage blind pipe (2) and a sand-free concrete block (3). The geotextile (4) is fixedly connected to the side of the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip (5) close to the initial support (1) at the first preset point (61). The geotextile (4) is fixedly connected to the side of the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip (5) away from the initial support (1) at the second preset point (62), and the geotextile (4) extends into the first waterproofing membrane fixing strip (5). S3. A waterproof board (7) is provided on the outside of the geotextile (4) and the first waterproof board fixing strip (5). The top end of the waterproof board (7) is fixedly connected to the geotextile (4), and the bottom end of the waterproof board (7) extends beyond the bottom of the first waterproof board fixing strip (5). A second waterproof board fixing strip (8) is connected to the waterproof board (7). S4. Lift the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) away from the initial support (1), bring the bottom of the waterproof membrane (7) close to the initial support (1) and extend it in the opposite direction between the second preset point (62) and the third preset point (63), fix the waterproof membrane (7) at the third preset point (63), and put the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) down. S5. Fix the second waterproof membrane fixing strip (8) at the fourth preset point (64), and press the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (2) and the sandless concrete block (3) onto the inner wall of the initial support (1).

2. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geotextile (4) is a non-woven geotextile.

3. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand-free concrete block (3) is placed above the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (2).

4. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to claim 1, characterized in that, Anchors are provided at the first preset point (61), the second preset point (62), the third preset point (63), and the fourth preset point (64).

5. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anchors corresponding to the first preset point (61), the second preset point (62) and the third preset point (63) are rivets, and the anchors corresponding to the fourth preset point (64) are nails.

6. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third preset point (63) is used as the welding point (9) and welding material is fixed thereon. The welding material and the waterproof membrane (7) are welded together.

7. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to claim 6, characterized in that, The welding material and the waterproof membrane (7) are connected by hot air welding.

8. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Several first waterproof membrane fixing strips (5) are arranged at intervals along the tunnel length direction, and several second waterproof membrane fixing strips (8) are arranged at intervals along the tunnel length direction.

9. The method for constructing tunnel sidewalls with sand-free concrete reverse wrapping according to claim 8, characterized in that, The width of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) is 4cm to 8cm, and the width of the second waterproof membrane fixing strip (8) is 4cm to 8cm.

10. A sand-free concrete inverted structure for tunnel sidewalls, characterized in that, The tunnel sidewall is formed using the no-fines concrete reverse-enclosure construction method as described in any one of claims 1-9. The structure includes a longitudinal drainage blind pipe (2) and no-fines concrete blocks (3), and further includes: Geotextile (4) is connected to the inner wall of the initial support (1). The inner wall of the initial support (1) is provided with a first preset point (61), a second preset point (62), a third preset point (63) and a fourth preset point (64) at intervals from top to bottom. The first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) is fixedly connected at both ends to the first preset point (61) and the second preset point (62). The first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) contains the longitudinal drainage blind pipe (2) and the sand-free concrete block (3). The geotextile (4) is fixedly connected at the first preset point (61) to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) close to the initial support (1). The geotextile (4) is fixedly connected at the second preset point (62) to the side of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) away from the initial support (1), and the geotextile (4) extends into the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5). A waterproof membrane (7) is provided on the outside of the geotextile (4) and the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5). The top end of the waterproof membrane (7) is fixedly connected to the geotextile (4), and the bottom end of the waterproof membrane (7) extends beyond the bottom of the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) and wraps around the first waterproof membrane fixing strip (5) and the inner wall of the initial support (1). The waterproof membrane (7) is fixed at the third preset point (63). The second waterproof membrane fixing strip (8) is connected to the waterproof membrane (7) and fixed at the fourth preset point (64). The longitudinal drainage blind pipe (2) and the sandless concrete block (3) are pressed and attached to the inner wall of the initial support (1).

Images