Digital millisecond differential hole-by-hole detonation controller and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a digital millisecond differential hole-by-hole detonation controller and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of liquid oxygen blasting ignition control. In order to solve the problem that the ignition time sequence is difficult to control, modular design and innovative ignition logic are adopted, and the precision of millisecond-level differential control and the reliability of large-scale cooperative work in blasting operation are achieved. The system adopts a distributed control framework, a host is stably connected with a plurality of slaves through an RS485 bus, the ignition interval time of tungsten filaments controlled by the slaves is flexibly set in a USB flash disk programming mode, and it is ensured that the synchronous trigger error is smaller than or equal to 10 ms and the time sequence error is smaller than or equal to + / -2 ms, so that blasting vibration, noise and dust are remarkably reduced, and the blasting effect and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid oxygen explosion ignition control technology, and in particular to a digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller and control method. Background Technology

[0002] In mining, tunneling, and large-scale earthwork projects, traditional blasting operations generally employ a method of simultaneous detonation of multiple boreholes at a single ignition.

[0003] While this method allows for rapid blasting, in practical applications: the shockwave generated during blasting can easily cause cracks in the surrounding rock structure, affecting construction safety; the high-decibel noise not only damages the hearing of on-site workers but also triggers complaints from nearby residents; and dust pollution exacerbates air pollution, increasing subsequent cleanup costs. Existing ignition control systems mostly rely on mechanical delay devices or simple electronic circuits, with ignition interval accuracy generally below 50 milliseconds, failing to achieve millisecond-level differential control.

[0004] For example, in complex geological conditions, operators need to dynamically adjust the blasting sequence based on the rock hardness to improve mining efficiency or reduce environmental pollution. However, existing equipment cannot precisely meet these requirements, resulting in poor blasting effects, high waste rates, and excessive noise. Industry survey data shows that approximately half of blasting accidents are directly related to inaccurate ignition timing. Although some companies have attempted to use simplified digital control solutions, such as digital electronic detonator systems with an accuracy of 1ms, these typically employ fixed delay schemes and cannot dynamically adjust the interval time in real time via the host computer. Furthermore, existing control systems mostly use RS232 or wireless communication, which suffers from short range and poor anti-interference capabilities. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a digital detonation device that can precisely control millisecond-level ignition intervals and adapt to varying working conditions to improve the safety, efficiency, and environmental friendliness of blasting operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a digital millisecond differential detonation controller and method for each hole, solving the issues of low ignition timing accuracy, short communication distance, and poor anti-interference capability in existing technologies. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: Includes a computer-programmable digital controller main unit and a computer-programmable digital controller ignition slave unit. The computer-programmable digital controller host includes: a host control module, a host communication module, a USB flash drive programming interface module, a human-computer interaction module, and a host power supply module, wherein: The host control module uses a microcontroller (MCU) for functions such as programming file parsing, communication command generation, and system information management. The host communication module uses RS485 bus communication technology to transmit ignition information to the slave unit, including a communication chip, signal lines, noise reduction circuit, and signal coupling interface; Preferably, the host communication module is also equipped with a repeater, including a signal differential amplification function, to extend the communication distance and increase the number of slave connections; The USB flash drive programming interface module uses a decoding chip to read imported programming files, parse ignition parameters, and convert them into an instruction format that the host control module can process. The human-machine interface module adopts a visual operation interface for touch operation and display of programming parameters, which facilitates setting ignition parameters and monitoring system status in real time.

[0006] The main unit power module uses a battery pack to provide power to all modules of the main unit, including the battery pack, backup power supply, DC-DC converter and overcharge / discharge protection circuit.

[0007] A control method for a digital millisecond differential detonation controller, wherein the control method of the computer-programmed digital controller host includes the following steps: S1. The host starts and initializes the system. After the microcontroller is powered on, it loads the main program, initializes the RS485 communication interface, USB flash drive interface and human-machine interface, establishes communication connections with each slave device, detects the status of the communication line, and ensures that the system operates normally.

[0008] S2. Communicate with the USB flash drive interface through the decoding chip, read the imported programming file, parse the slave address, ignition interval time, ignition timing table and other parameters in the file, and convert the parsed data into an instruction format that the microcontroller can process.

[0009] S3. Based on the parsed programming file, assign a unique address to each slave device connected to the master device, and set parameters such as the tungsten filament ignition interval time and ignition timing table controlled by each slave device.

[0010] S4. Based on the slave address and ignition parameters, generate a communication frame containing a start character, source address, destination address, data length, data segment, CRC checksum, and stop character, and send ignition control commands to the designated slave device through the communication chip and RS485 bus.

[0011] S5. The host receives parameters such as ignition time and tungsten filament resistance value from the slave unit via RS485 bus. When an abnormal alarm is detected from the slave unit, such as a resistance value error exceeding 10%, the host pauses and adjusts the ignition commands of the relevant slave unit, recalculates the ignition sequence, and ensures that the ignition sequence proceeds as planned.

[0012] S6. The master sends an ignition command to all slaves, triggering the phase-locked loop synchronization technology of the slaves to reduce the ignition timing error and synchronization triggering error of each slave.

[0013] The computer-programmable digital controller ignition slave unit includes: a slave control module, a slave communication module, a trigger module, an ignition module, and a slave power supply module, wherein: The slave control module uses a microcontroller (MCU) to execute communication commands and process read information. The slave communication module uses RS485 bus communication technology to receive ignition information sent by the master unit, and includes a communication chip, signal lines, noise reduction circuit and signal coupling interface. The trigger module adopts a solid-state relay solution for instantaneous high-voltage ignition, including a drive circuit, a solid-state relay, and a protection circuit. The ignition module uses a tungsten filament ignition device for high-temperature ignition of the ignition medium, including an ignition interface, a current limiting circuit, and an ignition tungsten filament; The slave power module adopts a battery pack with a large capacitor in parallel to power the overall slave function. It has the ability to release a large current during short-term ignition and includes a battery pack, a capacitor pack, a DC-DC converter, and a battery-capacitor coupling circuit. Preferably, the ignition module of the computer programmable digital controller ignition slave unit is also equipped with a resistance detection circuit, which uses a high-precision voltage divider circuit to convert the tungsten wire resistance value into a voltage value, and converts it into an electrical signal through the ADC sampling function of the slave control module, so that the slave control module can analyze and adjust the error. This circuit includes a voltage divider resistor network and an operational amplifier.

[0014] Preferably, in the ignition module of the computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit, a single ignition tungsten wire is embedded in the blast hole. The single blast hole is set as multiple segments. The ignition tungsten wire with higher resistance is located in the segment near the top of the blast hole, and the ignition tungsten wire with lower resistance is located in the segment near the bottom of the blast hole. The top segment detonates first, and the airflow can be compressed downward first, forming a radial resultant force with the airflow of the bottom segment that detonates later, reducing the probability of blasting.

[0015] A control method for a digital millisecond differential detonation controller, wherein the control method of the computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave includes the following steps: S21. After the microcontroller is powered on, it initializes the RS485 communication interface, trigger module, resistance detection module and power supply module, establishes a communication connection with the host, and detects the slave status. S22. The slave unit listens for commands sent by the master unit through the communication module and RS485 bus. It determines whether the command is a local or broadcast command based on the destination address. If the address matches, it receives and parses the data segment and executes ignition control. S23. Parse the ignition parameters sent by the host, including ignition interval time, ignition timing table, etc., configure the high-precision timer function of the slave control module, and set the trigger time; S24. After receiving the synchronization signal from the master unit, the slave unit adjusts the local clock through the virtual phase-locked loop technology of the control module to synchronize it with the master unit clock and reduce the ignition timing error. S25. When the timer count reaches the preset value, the control module outputs a control signal through the GPIO pin to drive the solid-state relay to turn on and connect the tungsten filament ignition circuit. The response time is in the nanosecond range. S26. The capacitor bank in the slave power module is connected to the output, so that the single-channel power output is greater than the theoretical value of the tungsten filament, ensuring that the solid-state relay remains in the conducting state for ≥3 seconds, ensuring that the tungsten filament is fully heated, generating a stable ignition temperature and / or spark, and improving ignition reliability.

[0016] Preferably, the control method for the ignition slave unit of the computer-programmable digital controller also includes the following steps: S27. The voltage divider resistor network converts the tungsten wire resistance into a voltage value. After being amplified by an operational amplifier, it is converted into a digital signal by the ADC sampling function of the slave control module. The resistance value is then calculated and compared with a preset threshold to determine whether the resistance value is abnormal. S28. If the detected resistance value error exceeds the threshold, an abnormal alarm signal including the slave address and resistance value is sent to the host, and the current in the current limiting circuit in the ignition module is adjusted to control the heating rate.

[0017] The present invention provides a digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller and control method, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention, by employing a distributed control architecture and RS485 bus communication technology, achieves millisecond-level precision control and high reliability for large-scale collaborative operation, ensuring a synchronization triggering error ≤10ms and a timing error ≤±2ms. Simultaneously, the invention uses a resistance detection module to monitor the tungsten wire resistance in real time, enabling dynamic adjustment of ignition reliability. Furthermore, by setting a single blast hole into multiple segments, with a higher-resistance ignition tungsten wire located near the top and a lower-resistance ignition tungsten wire located near the bottom, the top segment detonates first, allowing the airflow to compress downwards and form a radial force with the airflow in the subsequently detonated bottom segment, reducing the probability of risers. This effectively solves the problem of difficult-to-control ignition timing in traditional blasting methods, significantly reducing blasting vibration, noise, and dust. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main unit of the computer-programmable digital controller of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ignition slave unit of the computer-programmable digital controller of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a control method for a digital millisecond differential hole-by-hole initiation controller according to the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: Computer programmable digital controller host 1, host control module 11, host communication module 12, USB flash drive programming interface module 13, human-machine interaction module 14, host power supply module 15, computer programmable digital controller ignition slave 2, slave control module 21, slave communication module 22, trigger module 23, ignition module 24, slave power supply module 25. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The computer programming digital controller host 1 uses an STM32F407VET6 microcontroller as the core of the host control module 11. This chip is based on the ARM Cortex-M4 core, has a main frequency of 168MHz, and supports nanosecond-level processing instructions. Built-in memory is used to store parameter information, and it is equipped with 6 serial ports, 1 FSMC interface and 1 high-precision real-time clock to meet the functions of programming file parsing, communication command generation and system information management; The STM32F407VET6 chip operates on a 3.3V power supply and features a 32-bit timer and a multi-channel ADC interface. It controls RS485 communication timing and processes feedback data from the ignition slave unit 2 of the computer-programmed digital controller.

[0023] The host communication module 12 uses the MAX3485 chip to realize RS485 level conversion. The MAX3485 chip has differential transmission and reception capabilities, supports half-duplex communication, has a maximum transmission rate of 10Mbps, and a transmission distance of up to 1200 meters. The A+ and B- pins of the MAX3485 chip are connected to the ignition slave 2 of the computer programming digital controller via twisted pair cable. A 120Ω terminating matching resistor is connected in parallel at the interface to reduce signal reflection. A 4.7kΩ bias resistor is connected in parallel to the R32 and R34 pins to ensure that the bus maintains a high level when idle. The DE and RE pins of the MAX3485 are connected to the GPIO pins of the STM32 to control the transmit and receive modes; Preferably, a TVS diode is connected in parallel between the A+ and B- pins of the MAX3485 and ground to prevent electrostatic discharge and damage to the chip during hot-plugging. Preferably, the host communication module 12 is also equipped with a repeater, which uses the MAX487 chip for differential signal amplification, and can extend the communication distance to 1200 meters, supporting up to 100 computer programmable digital controller ignition slave units 2 to be connected at the same time.

[0024] The USB flash drive programming interface module 13 uses the CH375 chip as the USB host controller and is connected to the STM32F407VET6 via an 8-bit parallel port, including D0-D7 data lines, CS chip select signal, RD read signal and WR write signal; The USB flash drive uses a standard USB interface and uses the USB to SDIO function of CH375 to read and write data. The programming file is in CSV format and contains parameters such as slave address, ignition interval time, and ignition timing table. After reading the file, CH375 chip converts it into an instruction format that can be processed by STM32.

[0025] The human-computer interaction module 14 uses an LCD touch screen, which is connected to the STM32F407VET6. It transmits data using the 8080 timing parallel port. The backlight is controlled by the GPIO pin of the STM32. The backlight is turned on when the user triggers the LCD display, and it is automatically turned off when there is no operation within the time limit to reduce power consumption. The human-machine interface is designed with a parameter setting interface and a system status monitoring interface, which makes it easy for operators to set ignition parameters and monitor the system status in real time.

[0026] The main power module 15 uses four 18650 lithium batteries connected in parallel to form a battery pack with a total voltage of 3.7V and a capacity of 8000mAh. It uses the BQ24075 chip to achieve overcharge / over-discharge protection. The host power module 15 is equipped with an ASM1117 DC-DC converter chip to convert the 3.7V battery voltage to a 3.3V system voltage to power the STM32F407VET6 and other circuits. The RS485 communication module and LCD module use the MIC29302 chip to convert 3.7V to 4V to power the MAX3485 and JLX256128G-257 LCD modules.

[0027] A control method for a digital millisecond differential detonation controller, wherein the control method of the computer-programmed digital controller host 1 includes the following steps: S1. The computer programmable digital controller host 1 starts and initializes the system. After the host control module 11 is powered on, it loads the main program, initializes the RS485 communication interface, USB flash drive interface and human-machine interface, establishes communication connection with each computer programmable digital controller ignition slave 2, detects the status of the communication line, and ensures that the system is running normally.

[0028] S2. Communicate with the USB flash drive interface through the decoding chip, read the imported programming file, parse the computer programming digital controller ignition slave 2 address, ignition interval time, ignition timing table and other parameters in the file, and convert the parsed data into an instruction format that the microcontroller can process.

[0029] S3. Based on the parsed programming file, assign a unique address to each computer programming digital controller ignition slave 2 connected to the computer programming digital controller host 1, and set parameters such as the tungsten filament ignition interval time and ignition timing table controlled by each computer programming digital controller ignition slave 2.

[0030] S4. Based on the address of the ignition slave unit 2 of the computer programmable digital controller and the ignition parameters, generate a communication frame containing a start character, source address, destination address, data length, data segment, CRC check code and stop character, and send the ignition control command to the designated computer programmable digital controller ignition slave unit 2 through the communication chip and RS485 bus.

[0031] S5. The computer programmable digital controller host 1 receives parameters such as ignition time and tungsten wire resistance value from the computer programmable digital controller ignition slave 2 via RS485 bus. When an abnormal alarm is detected from the computer programmable digital controller ignition slave 2, such as a resistance value error exceeding 10%, the computer programmable digital controller host 1 pauses and adjusts the relevant ignition commands of the computer programmable digital controller ignition slave 2, recalculates the ignition sequence, and ensures that the ignition sequence proceeds as planned.

[0032] S6. The computer programmable digital controller host 1 sends ignition commands to all computer programmable digital controller ignition slaves 2, triggering the phase-locked loop synchronization technology of the computer programmable digital controller ignition slaves 2 to reduce ignition timing errors and synchronization triggering errors.

[0033] The computer-programmable digital controller ignition slave 2 uses an STM32F401RCT6 microcontroller as the host control module 11. This chip is based on the ARM Cortex-M4 core, has a main frequency of 168MHz, built-in memory, and is equipped with 3 general-purpose timers and 1 12-bit ADC module to meet the functional requirements of executing communication instructions and processing read information. The M32F401RCT6 chip has an ADC sampling rate of up to 4.44MHz, which can accurately detect resistor voltage and achieve millisecond-level precise delay control in conjunction with the virtual phase-locked loop algorithm.

[0034] The slave communication module 22 also uses the MAX3485 chip to realize RS485 level conversion. The A+ and B- pins of the MAX3485 chip are connected to the computer programming digital controller host 1 through twisted pair cable, and a 120Ω terminating matching resistor is connected in parallel at the interface. The DE and RE pins of the MAX3485 are connected to the GPIO pins of the STM32 respectively to control the transmit and receive modes. A TVS diode is connected in parallel between the A+ and B- pins of the MAX3485 and ground to prevent electrostatic discharge and damage to the chip during hot-plugging. The slave communication module 22 is also equipped with a noise reduction circuit, including a common-mode inductor and an RC filter circuit, to suppress electromagnetic interference and improve communication stability.

[0035] Trigger module 23 adopts a zero-crossing trigger type AC solid-state relay. This type of solid-state relay has a nanosecond-level response time and a zero-crossing trigger time of ≤1ms, and can withstand high voltage and high current (10A level). The control terminal of the CPC124B solid-state relay is driven by the GPIO pin of the STM32. The GPIO pin is set to push-pull mode, and the output voltage is 3.3V. The drive circuit consisting of a 10Ω resistor and a 100pF capacitor ensures that the control signal is fast and stable. An RC snubber circuit and a TVS diode are connected in parallel at the output of the solid-state relay to suppress voltage spikes and current surges, protecting the solid-state relay and subsequent circuits. The ignition module 24 adopts a tungsten filament ignition device, including an ignition interface, a current limiting circuit and an ignition tungsten filament; The ignition interface adopts a dustproof DC plug design, which has dustproof performance, allows for stable power supply of large current, and is suitable for blasting operations in harsh environments; The ignition tungsten wire is a high-purity tungsten wire with a diameter of 0.2mm and a length of 2mm. It has a resistance of 0.5Ω with an error of less than 5%. Both ends are connected to electrodes. When current passes through it, it can be linearly heated to over 2000℃, igniting the surrounding ignition medium. The current limiting circuit uses a switching circuit, which is controlled by a microcontroller to dynamically regulate the ignition current of each individual circuit, ensuring that the temperature rise is controllable and that ignition proceeds according to the preset timing sequence.

[0036] Preferably, the ignition module 24 is also equipped with a resistance detection circuit, which uses a high-precision voltage divider circuit to convert the tungsten wire resistance value into a voltage value. The voltage divider resistor network converts the tungsten wire resistance value into a voltage signal of 0.3~0.66V. This voltage signal is amplified by an operational amplifier and converted into a signal in the range of 0~3.3V. The amplified signal is input to the ADC module of the microcontroller for sampling and converted into a digital signal for the microcontroller to analyze and adjust the error.

[0037] Preferably, in the ignition module 24 of the computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit 2, a single ignition tungsten wire is embedded in the blast hole. The single blast hole is set as multiple segments. The ignition tungsten wire with higher resistance is located in the segment near the top of the blast hole, and the ignition tungsten wire with lower resistance is located in the segment near the bottom of the blast hole. The top segment detonates first, and the airflow can be compressed downward first, forming a radial resultant force with the airflow of the bottom segment that detonates later. This reduces the probability that the seal of the hole will be broken by the blast airflow in the wrong direction during the blasting process, and the impact force of the blast will be rapidly weakened along the axial direction, thus preventing the occurrence of a blowout.

[0038] The slave power module 25 adopts a battery pack parallel large capacitor scheme. The battery pack consists of 4 18650 lithium batteries connected in parallel, with a total voltage of 3.7V and a capacity of 8000mAh. The capacitor pack consists of 6 1000μF / 50V supercapacitors connected in parallel, with a total capacity of 6000μF, which is used to provide short-time high current release capability. The slave power module 25 is designed with a battery capacitor coupling circuit. When igniting, the battery pack and capacitor pack simultaneously supply power to the ignition module 24, ensuring that the single-channel power output is greater than the theoretical value of the tungsten filament, ensuring that the solid-state relay remains in the conducting state for ≥3 seconds, and ensuring that the tungsten filament is fully heated to generate a stable ignition temperature.

[0039] A control method for a digital millisecond differential detonation controller, wherein the control method for the computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit 2 includes the following steps: S21. After the microcontroller is powered on, it initializes the RS485 communication interface, trigger module 23, resistance detection module and slave power module 25, establishes a communication connection with the computer programming digital controller host 1, and detects the status of the computer programming digital controller ignition slave 2. S22, the computer programmable digital controller ignition slave unit 2 listens for instructions sent by the computer programmable digital controller host 1 through the slave communication module 22 and RS485 bus. It determines whether the instruction is a local or broadcast instruction based on the destination address. If the address matches, it receives and parses the data segment and executes ignition control. S23. Analyze the ignition parameters sent by the computer programming digital controller host 1, including ignition interval time, ignition timing table, etc., configure the high-precision timer function of the slave control module 21, and set the trigger time; S24. After receiving the synchronization signal from the main unit 1 of the computer programmable digital controller, the ignition slave unit 2 of the computer programmable digital controller adjusts the local clock through the virtual phase-locked loop technology of the slave unit control module 21 to synchronize it with the clock of the main unit 1 of the computer programmable digital controller, thereby reducing the ignition timing error. S25. When the timer count reaches the preset value, the slave control module 21 outputs a control signal through the GPIO pin to drive the solid-state relay to turn on and connect the tungsten filament ignition circuit. The response time is in the nanosecond range. S26. The capacitor bank in the slave power module 25 is connected to the output, so that the single-channel power output is greater than the theoretical value of the tungsten filament, ensuring that the solid-state relay remains in the conducting state for ≥3 seconds, ensuring that the tungsten filament is fully heated, generating a stable ignition temperature and / or spark, and improving ignition reliability.

[0040] Preferably, the control method of the computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit 2 further includes the following steps: S27. The voltage divider resistor network converts the tungsten wire resistance into a voltage value, which is then amplified by an operational amplifier and converted into a digital signal by the ADC sampling function of the slave control module 21. The resistance value is calculated and compared with a preset threshold to determine whether the resistance value is abnormal. S28. If the detected resistance value error exceeds the threshold, an abnormal alarm signal including the slave address and resistance value is sent to the computer programming digital controller host 1, and the current in the ignition module 24 is adjusted to control the heating rate through the current limiting circuit.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be arbitrarily combined without conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole detonation controller, characterized in that: Including computers Programmable digital controller host and computer programmable digital controller ignition slave; The computer programmable digital controller host includes a host control module, a host communication module, a USB flash drive programming interface module, a human-computer interaction module, and a host power module; The computer-programmable digital controller host is used to receive and / or send ignition commands; The computer-programmable digital controller ignition slave unit includes a slave control module, a slave communication module, a trigger module, an ignition module, and a slave power supply module; The computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit is used to control the timing of each detonation point.

2. The digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the computer programming digital controller host: The host control module uses a microcontroller (MCU) for functions such as programming file parsing, communication command generation, and system information management. The host communication module uses an RS485 bus to send ignition commands to the slave unit, and includes a communication chip, signal lines, noise reduction circuit, and signal coupling interface. The USB flash drive programming interface module is equipped with a decoding chip, which is used to read imported programming files, parse ignition parameters and convert them into an instruction format that can be processed by the host control module. The human-machine interface module adopts a visual operation interface for operating and displaying programming parameters, setting ignition parameters, and monitoring system status in real time; The main unit power module uses a battery pack to provide power to all modules of the main unit, including the battery pack, backup power supply, DC-DC converter and overcharge / discharge protection circuit.

3. The digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the computer programming digital controller host: The host communication module is also equipped with a repeater, including a signal differential amplification function, to extend the communication distance and increase the number of slave connections.

4. The digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, Computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit: The slave control module uses a microcontroller (MCU) to execute communication commands and process read information. The slave communication module uses RS485 bus communication technology to receive ignition information sent by the master unit, and includes a communication chip, signal lines, noise reduction circuit and signal coupling interface. The trigger module adopts a solid-state relay solution for instantaneous high-voltage ignition, including a drive circuit, a solid-state relay, and a protection circuit. The ignition module uses a tungsten filament ignition device for high-temperature ignition of the ignition medium, including an ignition interface, a current limiting circuit, and an ignition tungsten filament; The slave power module adopts a battery pack solution to power the slave device and has the ability to release a large current during short-term ignition. It includes a battery pack and a DC-DC converter.

5. A digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, Computer-programmable digital controller ignition slave unit: The ignition module in the computer programmable digital controller ignition slave unit also has a resistance detection circuit, including a voltage divider resistor network and an operational amplifier; the voltage divider circuit converts the tungsten wire resistance value into a voltage value, which is then converted into an electrical signal by the slave control module for the slave control module to analyze and adjust errors.

6. The digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, Computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit: The slave power module of the computer programmable digital controller ignition slave unit adopts a battery pack parallel large capacitor scheme to provide short-term high current power to the slave unit and has the ability to release short-term high current during ignition. It includes a battery pack, capacitor pack, DC-DC converter and battery capacitor coupling circuit.

7. The digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, Computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit: In the computer-programmed digital controller ignition slave unit, a single ignition tungsten wire of the ignition module is embedded in the blast hole. The single blast hole is set as multiple segments. The ignition tungsten wire with higher resistance is located in the segment near the top of the blast hole, and the ignition tungsten wire with lower resistance is located in the segment near the bottom of the blast hole. The top segment detonates first, and the airflow can be compressed downward first, forming a radial resultant force with the airflow of the bottom segment that detonates later, reducing the probability of blasting.

8. A control method using a digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes a control method for a computer-programmable digital controller (CPDC) host and a control method for a CPDC ignition slave unit, wherein the control method for the CPDC host includes the following steps: S1. The host starts and initializes the system. After the microcontroller is powered on, it loads the main program, initializes the RS485 communication interface, USB flash drive interface and human-machine interface, establishes communication connections with each slave device, detects the status of the communication line, and ensures that the system is running normally. S2. Communicate with the USB flash drive interface through the decoding chip, read the imported programming file, parse the slave address, ignition interval time, and ignition timing table parameters in the file, and convert the parsed data into an instruction format that the microcontroller can process. S3. Based on the parsed programming file, assign a unique address to each slave device connected to the master device, and set parameters such as the tungsten filament ignition interval time and ignition timing table controlled by each slave device. S4. Based on the slave address and ignition parameters, generate a communication frame containing a start character, source address, destination address, data length, data segment, CRC checksum, and stop character, and send ignition control commands to the designated slave through the communication chip and RS485 bus. S5. The host receives parameters such as ignition time and tungsten filament resistance value from the slave unit via RS485 bus. When an abnormal alarm is detected from the slave unit, such as the resistance value error exceeding the threshold, the host pauses and adjusts the ignition command of the relevant slave unit, recalculates the ignition sequence, and ensures that the ignition sequence proceeds as planned. S6. The master sends an ignition command to all slaves, triggering the phase-locked loop synchronization technology of the slaves to reduce the ignition timing error and synchronization triggering error of each slave.

9. The control method of the digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control method for the ignition slave unit using a computer-programmed digital controller includes the following steps: S21. After the microcontroller is powered on, it initializes the RS485 communication interface, trigger module, resistance detection module and power supply module, establishes a communication connection with the host, and detects the slave status. S22. The slave unit listens for commands sent by the master unit through the communication module and RS485 bus. It determines whether the command is a local or broadcast command based on the destination address. If the address matches, it receives and parses the data segment and executes ignition control. S23. Parse the ignition parameters sent by the host, including ignition interval time, ignition timing table, etc., configure the high-precision timer function of the slave control module, and set the trigger time; S24. After receiving the synchronization signal from the master unit, the slave unit adjusts the local clock through the virtual phase-locked loop technology of the control module to synchronize it with the master unit clock and reduce the ignition timing error. S25. When the timer count reaches the preset value, the control module outputs a control signal to drive the solid-state relay to conduct and connect the tungsten filament ignition circuit. S26. The slave power module is connected to the output, so that the single-channel power output is greater than the theoretical value of the tungsten filament, ensuring that the solid-state relay remains in the conducting state, heating the tungsten filament, generating a stable ignition temperature and / or spark, and improving ignition reliability.

10. The control method of the digital millisecond micro-delay per-hole initiation controller according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control method for the ignition slave unit of the computer-programmed digital controller also includes the following steps: S27. The voltage divider resistor network converts the tungsten wire resistance into a voltage value. After being amplified by an operational amplifier, it is converted into a digital signal by the ADC sampling function of the slave control module. The resistance value is calculated and compared with a preset threshold to determine whether the resistance value is abnormal. S28. If the detected resistance value error exceeds the threshold, an abnormal alarm signal including the slave address and resistance value is sent to the host, and the current in the current limiting circuit in the ignition module is adjusted to control the heating rate.

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