Method, device and system for detecting concentration of mine filling slurry

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of slurry concentration detection, in particular to a mine filling slurry concentration detection method, device and system. According to the time domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude under each frequency in the spectrogram in the ultrasonic echo signal, the particle size of each frequency domain amplitude and the sound wave mismatch are obtained to judge whether the dominant frequency needs to be adjusted, and if the dominant frequency needs to be adjusted, according to the dominant frequency and the particle size sound wave mismatch, the particle size of the dominant frequency is adjusted. Obtaining a new dominant frequency of each frequency domain amplitude; obtaining a new ultrasonic emission distance of each frequency domain amplitude according to the mismatch between the particles of each frequency domain amplitude and the sound waves and the ultrasonic emission distance; obtaining a new ultrasonic echo signal; obtaining the dominant optimal frequency of each frequency domain amplitude until the dominant frequency does not need to be adjusted under each frequency domain amplitude; and detecting the concentration of the filling slurry. By analyzing the effective dominant frequency corresponding to the particle size corresponding to each frequency amplitude, the accuracy of filling slurry concentration detection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slurry concentration detection technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, and system for detecting the concentration of filling slurry in mines. Background Technology

[0002] The rheological properties of filling slurry reflect its fluidity and homogenization. During the mixing and shearing process, the rheological properties of filling slurry are affected by a variety of factors, including particle size, slurry concentration and shear intensity. Slurries of different concentrations have different characteristics and applications. When the concentration deviates slightly, the rheological properties will change significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the concentration of the slurry.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as ultrasonic concentration detection methods, determine sand content by analyzing the scattering intensity of the ultrasonic signals from filling particles and the received ultrasonic scattering signals. However, for mining tailings used as filling material, the particle size of the tailings varies greatly, and large tailings particles can block the ultrasonic scattering waves from small tailings particles. This results in the echo signal intensity of fine particles being too weak when using a single dominant ultrasonic frequency, leading to poor accuracy in concentration detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of poor accuracy in ultrasonic concentration detection due to the large differences in particle size among tailings generated from mining and the blocking effect of large tailings particles on the ultrasonic scattering waves of small tailings particles, this invention aims to provide a method, apparatus, and system for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: This invention proposes a method for detecting the concentration of backfill slurry in mines, the method comprising: Based on the mine backfill slurry concentration detection device, ultrasonic echo signals of particles of different sizes in the backfill slurry at the center dominant frequency at a preset ultrasonic transmission distance are obtained, and the spectrum of the ultrasonic echo signal is obtained; the spectrum includes the frequency domain amplitude at different frequencies. Based on the temporal distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. Based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude, determine whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment. If the dominant frequency needs adjustment, obtain a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude and the ultrasonic transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the new dominant frequency and ultrasonic transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic echo signal. Continue until it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need adjustment for each frequency domain amplitude, thus obtaining the optimal dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude. The concentration of the filling slurry is detected based on the dominant optimal frequency of different frequency domain amplitudes and the characteristics of the corresponding ultrasonic echo signals.

[0005] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the particle size and acoustic mismatch includes: Based on the time-domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the low dominant frequency mismatch and high dominant frequency mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. If the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is greater than the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch degree, the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude will be used as the particle size and acoustic mismatch degree of each frequency domain amplitude. If the low dominant frequency mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude is equal to the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch, set the particle size and acoustic mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude to 0. If the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is less than the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch degree, the inverse of the high dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is taken as the particle size and acoustic mismatch degree of each frequency domain amplitude.

[0006] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the low dominant frequency mismatch includes: The ultrasonic echo signal includes the time-domain amplitude at different times; the reconstructed signal of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the spectrum is obtained in the time domain of the ultrasonic echo signal. If the reconstructed signal and the ultrasonic echo signal have the same peak point or the same valley point at any time, the corresponding time is taken as the dominant time. The mean of the absolute values ​​of the time-domain amplitude at all dominant moments in the ultrasonic echo signal is obtained as the dominant amplitude; the mean of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude at all other moments besides the dominant moment is obtained as the comparison amplitude. The difference between the dominant amplitude and the contrasting amplitude is obtained and negatively correlated and normalized to serve as the low dominant frequency mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the high dominant frequency mismatch includes: For any peak or valley point in the reconstructed signal, if the peak or valley point is of the same type as the previous peak or valley point in the ultrasonic echo signal before the corresponding time, the time corresponding to the previous peak or valley point is taken as the overshoot judgment time for each frequency domain amplitude. The difference between the time-domain amplitude and the mean of all peak values ​​in the ultrasonic echo signal at each overshoot judgment time is obtained. If the difference is greater than or equal to 0, the overshoot performance at the corresponding overshoot judgment time is the difference. If the difference is less than 0, the corresponding overshoot performance is set to 0. The difference between the time-domain amplitude of each overshoot judgment moment in the ultrasonic echo signal and the mean of all valley values ​​is obtained. If the difference is less than or equal to 0, the undershoot performance at the corresponding overshoot judgment moment is the difference. If the difference is greater than 0, the corresponding undershoot performance is set to 0. The sum of all overshoot and undershoot performance for each frequency domain amplitude is obtained and normalized to serve as the high dominant frequency mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude.

[0008] Furthermore, the step of determining whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment based on the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude includes: If the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are less than or equal to a preset effective threshold, the dominant frequency does not need to be adjusted at the corresponding frequency domain amplitude.

[0009] Furthermore, the dominant frequency and the particle size acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are positively correlated with the new dominant frequency.

[0010] Furthermore, the particle-sound wave mismatch is positively correlated with the new ultrasonic wave emission distance, while the ultrasonic wave emission distance is negatively correlated with the new ultrasonic wave emission distance.

[0011] Furthermore, adopt The function is normalized.

[0012] This invention also proposes a device for detecting the concentration of backfill slurry in mines. The device includes a controller, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer connected to the controller via signal transmission. The ultrasonic transmitting transducer is used to transmit an ultrasonic signal at a preset dominant frequency, and the ultrasonic receiving transducer is used to receive ultrasonic echo signals. The control method of the controller includes: The ultrasonic echo signals of particles of different sizes in the filling slurry at the center dominant frequency at a preset ultrasonic emission distance are obtained, and the spectrum of the ultrasonic echo signals is obtained; the spectrum includes the frequency domain amplitude at different frequencies. Based on the temporal distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. Based on the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude, determine whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment. If the dominant frequency needs adjustment, obtain a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the particle and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude and the ultrasonic wave transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic wave transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the new dominant frequency and ultrasonic wave transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic echo signal. Continue until it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need adjustment for each frequency domain amplitude, thus obtaining the optimal dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude. The concentration of the filling slurry is detected based on the dominant optimal frequency of different frequency domain amplitudes and the characteristics of the corresponding ultrasonic echo signals.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a mine backfill slurry concentration detection system, wherein the system stores programs or instructions, and when the programs or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement any of the steps of the mine backfill slurry concentration detection method described above.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention obtains the particle size and acoustic mismatch for each frequency amplitude in the ultrasonic echo signal based on the time-domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the spectrum, thus gaining a deeper understanding of the interaction between ultrasound and the particle size in the filling slurry. Based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude, it determines whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment. This determination of particle size and acoustic mismatch ensures that the dominant frequency matches the particle size characteristics in the filling slurry. If adjustment is deemed necessary, a new dominant frequency is obtained for each frequency domain amplitude based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude. A suitable dominant frequency can more accurately capture particles in the filling slurry. This invention provides relevant information to more specifically address interactions with particles of different sizes. Based on the particle-sound wave mismatch at each frequency amplitude and the ultrasonic emission distance, a new ultrasonic emission distance is obtained for each frequency amplitude, ensuring that the ultrasonic echo signal has appropriate intensity and quality in filling slurries with different particle size distributions. The resulting new ultrasonic echo signal, after optimization and adjustment, contains more accurate and richer information about the filling slurry characteristics. The process continues until the dominant frequency at each frequency amplitude is determined to require no adjustment, obtaining the optimal dominant frequency for each frequency amplitude. This optimal frequency parameter helps the ultrasonic detection system achieve its best performance under the current filling slurry characteristics. Finally, the filling slurry concentration is measured. This invention improves the accuracy of filling slurry concentration detection by analyzing the effective dominant frequency corresponding to the particle size at each frequency amplitude. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates a method for obtaining low dominant frequency mismatch degree according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a mine backfill slurry concentration detection method, apparatus, and system proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the method, apparatus, and system for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry provided by the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to an embodiment of the present invention. The specific method includes: Step S1: Based on the mine backfill slurry concentration detection device, obtain the ultrasonic echo signal of particles of different sizes in the backfill slurry at the center dominant frequency at a preset ultrasonic transmission distance, and obtain the spectrum of the ultrasonic echo signal; the spectrum includes the frequency domain amplitude at different frequencies.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to accurately detect the concentration of the filling slurry, it is necessary to analyze the changes of the filling particles at the dominant frequency of the ultrasonic echo signal. First, the core component of the mine filling slurry concentration detection device is the sample cell, which consists of three sample cell side plates, a sample cell bottom plate, and a movable plate. The movable plate is vertically installed between the two horizontally placed side plates. An ultrasonic transmitting transducer is installed in the direction facing into the sample cell. An ultrasonic receiving transducer is installed on the sample cell side plate opposite to the movable side plate. The ultrasonic transmission distance between the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer can be adjusted by moving the movable side plate. By injecting a sample of the filling slurry into the sample cell, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer transmits ultrasonic waves at a preset center dominant frequency at a preset ultrasonic transmission distance for measurement. The ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the ultrasonic echo signal, including the time domain amplitude at different times, and obtains the spectrum of the ultrasonic echo signal, including the frequency domain amplitude at different frequencies. It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the preset dominant frequency is set to 5 MHz, the ultrasonic transmission distance is 1 m, that is, the distance between the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer is 1 m, and the slurry injection ratio is 80% for analysis; the ultrasonic echo signal is converted into a spectrum diagram by Fourier transform; the specific Fourier transform is a technical means well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0022] Step S2: Based on the time-domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, obtain the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude.

[0023] In the slurry, particles of the same size produce echo signals with the same frequency when they encounter ultrasonic pulses. For each peak in the ultrasonic echo signal, the corresponding frequency is the superposition of the echo signals of all particles of a certain size in the medium. Based on the time-domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude can be obtained.

[0024] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the particle size and acoustic mismatch includes: Based on the time-domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the low dominant frequency mismatch and high dominant frequency mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. The signal intensity corresponding to the peak value is a comprehensive reflection of the echo intensity of particles of multiple sizes. By analyzing the frequency domain amplitude of each frequency in the spectrum and its time domain distribution in the ultrasonic echo signal, the matching of the dominant frequency of the ultrasonic wave can be analyzed.

[0025] Preferably, considering that when the active frequency is too low, the echo signal strength is weaker, and signal loss is more likely to occur, resulting in a lower amplitude at a corresponding moment compared to other moments, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the low dominant frequency mismatch is described in [reference needed]. Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates a method for obtaining low dominant frequency mismatch, including: Step S201: The ultrasonic echo signal includes the time domain amplitude at different times; obtain the reconstructed signal of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the spectrum in the time domain of the ultrasonic echo signal. If the reconstructed signal and the ultrasonic echo signal have the same peak point or the same valley point at any time, the corresponding time is taken as the dominant time.

[0026] To more intuitively understand the performance of frequency domain amplitude in the time domain and its correlation with ultrasonic echo signals, the reconstructed signal of frequency domain amplitude in the time domain is obtained. Among them, peak points and valley points represent important characteristics of the signal. By comparing the time domain amplitude of the reconstructed signal and the original ultrasonic echo signal at each moment, the moments that are both peak points or both valley points may be closely related to the important characteristics of the signal at a specific frequency, which can help to better understand the signal characteristics.

[0027] Step S202: Obtain the mean of the absolute values ​​of the time-domain amplitudes at all dominant moments in the ultrasonic echo signal, as the dominant amplitude; obtain the mean of the absolute values ​​of the amplitudes at other moments besides the dominant moments, as the comparison amplitudes.

[0028] The dominant moment is considered to be a moment with important characteristics in a signal, and its time-domain amplitude may reflect key information of the signal at a specific frequency. In addition to the dominant moment, the amplitudes of other moments also contain some information of the signal. By calculating the dominant amplitude and comparing the amplitudes, the difference in amplitude characteristics between the dominant moment and other moments can be seen intuitively, thus highlighting the importance of the dominant moment in the signal.

[0029] Step S203: Obtain the difference between the dominant amplitude and the contrast amplitude, and perform negative correlation normalization mapping as the low dominant frequency mismatch degree of each frequency domain amplitude.

[0030] A larger dominant amplitude may mean that the frequency has a more obvious performance at the dominant moment, while the larger the amplitude at other times relative to the overall signal, the more well the signal characteristics of each frequency domain amplitude are matched at the dominant frequency, and the smaller the mismatch at lower dominant frequencies.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula for low dominant frequency mismatch is expressed as: ; in, Indicates the first The low dominant frequency of the individual frequency domain amplitude is mismatched; Indicates the first The dominant amplitude is the mean of the absolute values ​​of the time-domain amplitudes of all dominant moments of a frequency domain amplitude in the ultrasonic echo signal. Indicates except the first The mean of the absolute values ​​of the time-domain amplitude in the ultrasonic echo signal at all times other than all dominant moments of the frequency domain amplitude, i.e., the contrast amplitude; This represents the logical stith function.

[0032] In the formula for low dominant frequency mismatch, through Will Perform negative correlation normalization mapping. This represents the difference between the dominant amplitude and the contrast amplitude. The larger the difference, the larger the time-domain amplitude corresponding to the dominant moment, the more reliable the generated ultrasonic echo signal, and the smaller the mismatch at the low dominant frequency. The smaller the difference, and the more negative the value, the smaller the time-domain amplitude corresponding to the dominant moment, the less reliable the generated ultrasonic echo signal, and the more mismatched the corresponding dominant frequency.

[0033] Preferably, considering that when the dominant frequency is too high, the echo signal strength oscillates, resulting in signal peak values ​​that are significantly higher or lower than the expected steady-state value, and a reverse peak deviation that occurs after exceeding the steady-state value, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining high dominant frequency mismatch includes: For any peak or valley point in the reconstructed signal, if the peak or valley point is of the same type as the previous peak or valley point in the ultrasonic echo signal before the corresponding time, the time corresponding to the previous peak or valley point is taken as the overshoot judgment time for each frequency domain amplitude. The difference between the time-domain amplitude and the mean of all peak values ​​in the ultrasonic echo signal at each overshoot judgment time is obtained. If the difference is greater than or equal to 0, the overshoot performance at the corresponding overshoot judgment time is the difference. If the difference is less than 0, the corresponding overshoot performance is set to 0. The difference between the time-domain amplitude of each overshoot judgment moment in the ultrasonic echo signal and the mean of all valley values ​​is obtained. If the difference is less than or equal to 0, the undershoot performance at the corresponding overshoot judgment moment is the difference. If the difference is greater than 0, the corresponding undershoot performance is set to 0. The sum of all overshoot and undershoot performance for each frequency domain amplitude is obtained and normalized to serve as the high dominant frequency mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude.

[0034] For particles of the same size, only one dominant frequency (low or high) can occur at a time. Therefore, when comparing low and high dominant frequency mismatches, the larger the corresponding value, the more relevant the particle size and acoustic mismatch characteristics are. When the low dominant frequency mismatch is larger, the frequency needs to be increased, and the positive deviation of particle size and acoustic mismatch is larger. When the high dominant frequency mismatch is larger, the frequency needs to be decreased, and the negative deviation of particle size and acoustic mismatch is larger.

[0035] If the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is greater than the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch degree, the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude will be used as the particle size and acoustic mismatch degree of each frequency domain amplitude. If the low dominant frequency mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude is equal to the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch, set the particle size and acoustic mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude to 0. If the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is less than the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch degree, the inverse of the high dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is taken as the particle size and acoustic mismatch degree of each frequency domain amplitude.

[0036] Step S3: Determine whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment based on the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude. If the dominant frequency needs adjustment, obtain a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude; obtain a new ultrasonic wave transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude based on the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude and the ultrasonic wave transmission distance; obtain a new ultrasonic echo signal based on the new dominant frequency and ultrasonic wave transmission distance; continue until it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need adjustment for each frequency domain amplitude, thus obtaining the optimal dominant frequency.

[0037] Particle size and acoustic mismatch reflects the mismatch between particle size and acoustic waves. By analyzing the mismatch, the dominant frequency can be appropriately adjusted.

[0038] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude includes the following method: If the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are less than or equal to a preset effective threshold, the dominant frequency does not need to be adjusted at the corresponding frequency domain amplitude; otherwise, the dominant frequency needs to be adjusted.

[0039] It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the preset effective threshold is 0.3; in other embodiments of the present invention, the size of the preset effective threshold is a technical means well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be limited or described in detail here.

[0040] The interaction efficiency between particles and the dominant frequency is affected by the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch. By analyzing the dominant frequency-particle size mismatch and dynamically adjusting the frequency domain amplitude weights, the dominant frequency is adaptively optimized, avoiding the limitations of empirically preset frequencies. If it is determined that the dominant frequency needs adjustment, a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude is obtained based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude.

[0041] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the dominant frequency and the particle size acoustic mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude are positively correlated with the new dominant frequency. In one embodiment of the present invention, for each frequency domain amplitude, the sum of the corresponding particle size and acoustic mismatch and the positive integer 1 is calculated as an adjustment weight; the product of the adjustment weight and the dominant frequency at each frequency domain amplitude is obtained as the new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude; therefore, reflecting the positive correlation between the dominant frequency and the particle size acoustic mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude and the new dominant frequency, the larger the dominant frequency, the greater the particle-acoustic mismatch, and the more the dominant frequency needs to be increased; the smaller the particle-acoustic mismatch, the more the dominant frequency needs to be decreased. Preferably, in one embodiment of the invention, the particle-sound mismatch is negatively correlated with the new ultrasonic wave emission distance, and the ultrasonic wave emission distance is positively correlated with the new ultrasonic wave emission distance.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude is less than or equal to zero, the ultrasonic transmission distance is not adjusted; if the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude is greater than zero, the difference between the positive integer 1 and the corresponding particle size and acoustic mismatch is obtained as the adjustment weight; the product between the adjustment weight and the ultrasonic transmission distance is obtained as the new ultrasonic transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude; that is, through the above basic mathematical operations, the correlation between particle size and acoustic mismatch, ultrasonic transmission distance and new ultrasonic transmission distance is constructed. The larger the particle size and acoustic mismatch, the higher the frequency needs to be, the worse the penetration of high frequencies, and the smaller the new ultrasonic transmission distance needs to be. The larger the ultrasonic transmission distance, the larger the new ultrasonic transmission distance.

[0043] A new ultrasonic echo signal is obtained based on the new dominant frequency and ultrasonic emission distance.

[0044] Based on this, a new ultrasonic echo signal is obtained, and the temporal distribution of each frequency domain amplitude in the ultrasonic echo signal is analyzed to obtain a new particle size and acoustic mismatch, and to determine whether further adjustments are needed.

[0045] The process continues until the dominant frequency is determined to be the optimal dominant frequency, at each frequency domain amplitude.

[0046] It should be noted that the method for obtaining the dominant optimal frequency is as follows: if the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude is less than or equal to a preset effective threshold, it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need to be adjusted, and the dominant frequency is taken as the dominant optimal frequency for each frequency domain amplitude.

[0047] Step S4: Based on the dominant optimal frequency of different frequency domain amplitudes and the characteristics of the corresponding ultrasonic echo signals, the concentration of the filling slurry is detected.

[0048] It should be noted that, in another embodiment of the present invention, the concentration detection of the filling slurry is performed based on the dominant optimal frequency and the characteristics of the corresponding ultrasonic echo signal, including: obtaining the wavelength of the ultrasonic echo signal by calculating the ratio of the pre-acquired wave velocity to the dominant optimal frequency of each frequency domain amplitude; determining the particle diameter corresponding to each frequency domain amplitude based on the ultrasonic principle, i.e., satisfying the ratio of particle diameter to wavelength of 0.1; and calculating the particle diameter based on the Rayleigh scattering principle of the signal. The wavenumber of the ultrasonic wave is obtained by comparing the wave number with the wavelength. Based on the corresponding particle diameter, wavenumber, and wavelength parameters obtained from the ultrasonic characteristics, as well as the relevant parameters preset by the personnel during concentration detection, and according to the existing relationship between the scattering intensity coefficient, ultrasonic scattering intensity, and sand content, the sand content of each particle size corresponding to each frequency domain amplitude is obtained. The sand content of all particles is then summed to obtain the filling slurry concentration.

[0049] In summary, this invention, based on the time-domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal, obtains the particle size and acoustic mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude to determine whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment. If the dominant frequency needs adjustment, a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude is obtained based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude; a new ultrasonic transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude is obtained based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude and the ultrasonic transmission distance; a new ultrasonic echo signal is obtained; this process continues until it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need adjustment for each frequency domain amplitude, thus obtaining the optimal dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude; and the concentration of the filling slurry is then detected. This invention improves the accuracy of filling slurry concentration detection by analyzing the effective dominant frequency corresponding to the particle size for each frequency amplitude.

[0050] This invention also proposes a device for detecting the concentration of backfill slurry in mines. The device includes a controller, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer connected to the controller via signals. The ultrasonic transmitting transducer is used to transmit ultrasonic signals at a preset dominant frequency, and the ultrasonic receiving transducer is used to receive ultrasonic echo signals. The control method of the controller includes: The ultrasonic echo signals of particles of different sizes in the filling slurry at the center dominant frequency at a preset ultrasonic emission distance are obtained, and the spectrum of the ultrasonic echo signals is obtained; the spectrum includes the frequency domain amplitude at different frequencies. Based on the temporal distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. Based on the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude, determine whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment. If the dominant frequency needs adjustment, obtain a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the particle and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude and the ultrasonic wave transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic wave transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the new dominant frequency and ultrasonic wave transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic echo signal. Continue until it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need adjustment for each frequency domain amplitude, thus obtaining the optimal dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude. The concentration of the filling slurry is detected based on the dominant optimal frequency of different frequency domain amplitudes and the characteristics of the corresponding ultrasonic echo signals.

[0051] It should be understood that the mine backfill slurry concentration detection device provided in this embodiment is used to perform the above-mentioned mine backfill slurry concentration detection method, and therefore has the same beneficial effects as the method adopted, run or implemented by its stored application.

[0052] The present invention also provides a mine backfill slurry concentration detection system, wherein the system stores a program or instructions, and when the program or instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the mine backfill slurry concentration detection method described above are implemented.

[0053] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0054] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the concentration of backfill slurry in mines, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the mine backfill slurry concentration detection device, ultrasonic echo signals of particles of different sizes in the backfill slurry at the center dominant frequency at a preset ultrasonic transmission distance are obtained, and the spectrum of the ultrasonic echo signal is obtained; the spectrum includes the frequency domain amplitude at different frequencies. Based on the temporal distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. Based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude, determine whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment. If the dominant frequency needs adjustment, obtain a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude and the ultrasonic transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the new dominant frequency and ultrasonic transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic echo signal. Continue until it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need adjustment for each frequency domain amplitude, thus obtaining the optimal dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude. The concentration of the filling slurry is detected based on the dominant optimal frequency of different frequency domain amplitudes and the characteristics of the corresponding ultrasonic echo signals.

2. The method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the particle size and acoustic mismatch includes: Based on the time-domain distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the low dominant frequency mismatch and high dominant frequency mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. If the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is greater than the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch degree, the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude will be used as the particle size and acoustic mismatch degree of each frequency domain amplitude. If the low dominant frequency mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude is equal to the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch, set the particle size and acoustic mismatch at each frequency domain amplitude to 0. If the low dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is less than the corresponding high dominant frequency mismatch degree, the inverse of the high dominant frequency mismatch degree under each frequency domain amplitude is taken as the particle size and acoustic mismatch degree of each frequency domain amplitude.

3. The method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the low dominant frequency mismatch includes: The ultrasonic echo signal includes the time-domain amplitude at different times; the reconstructed signal of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the spectrum is obtained in the time domain of the ultrasonic echo signal. If the reconstructed signal and the ultrasonic echo signal have the same peak point or the same valley point at any time, the corresponding time is taken as the dominant time. The mean of the absolute values ​​of the time-domain amplitude at all dominant moments in the ultrasonic echo signal is obtained as the dominant amplitude; the mean of the absolute values ​​of the amplitude at all other moments besides the dominant moment is obtained as the comparison amplitude. The difference between the dominant amplitude and the contrasting amplitude is obtained and negatively correlated and normalized to serve as the low dominant frequency mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude.

4. The method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the high dominant frequency mismatch includes: For any peak or valley point in the reconstructed signal, if the peak or valley point is of the same type as the previous peak or valley point in the ultrasonic echo signal before the corresponding time, the time corresponding to the previous peak or valley point is taken as the overshoot judgment time for each frequency domain amplitude. The difference between the time-domain amplitude and the mean of all peak values ​​in the ultrasonic echo signal at each overshoot judgment time is obtained. If the difference is greater than or equal to 0, the overshoot performance at the corresponding overshoot judgment time is the difference. If the difference is less than 0, the corresponding overshoot performance is set to 0. The difference between the time-domain amplitude of each overshoot judgment moment in the ultrasonic echo signal and the mean of all valley values ​​is obtained. If the difference is less than or equal to 0, the undershoot performance at the corresponding overshoot judgment moment is the difference. If the difference is greater than 0, the corresponding undershoot performance is set to 0. The sum of all overshoot and undershoot performance for each frequency domain amplitude is obtained and normalized to serve as the high dominant frequency mismatch for each frequency domain amplitude.

5. The method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment based on the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude includes: If the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are less than or equal to a preset effective threshold, the dominant frequency does not need to be adjusted at the corresponding frequency domain amplitude.

6. The method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dominant frequency and the particle size acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are positively correlated with the new dominant frequency.

7. The method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle-sound wave mismatch is positively correlated with the new ultrasonic wave emission distance, while the ultrasonic wave emission distance is negatively correlated with the new ultrasonic wave emission distance.

8. A method for detecting the concentration of mine backfill slurry according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, use The function is normalized.

9. A device for detecting the concentration of backfill slurry in mines, characterized in that, The device includes a controller, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer and an ultrasonic receiving transducer connected to the controller via signals. The ultrasonic transmitting transducer is used to transmit an ultrasonic signal at a preset dominant frequency, and the ultrasonic receiving transducer is used to receive an ultrasonic echo signal. The control method of the controller includes: The ultrasonic echo signals of particles of different sizes in the filling slurry at the center dominant frequency at a preset ultrasonic emission distance are obtained, and the spectrum of the ultrasonic echo signals is obtained; the spectrum includes the frequency domain amplitude at different frequencies. Based on the temporal distribution of the frequency domain amplitude at each frequency in the ultrasonic echo signal in the spectrum diagram, the particle size and acoustic mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude are obtained. Based on the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude, determine whether the dominant frequency needs adjustment. If the dominant frequency needs adjustment, obtain a new dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude based on the dominant frequency and the particle size and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the particle and acoustic wave mismatch of each frequency domain amplitude and the ultrasonic wave transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic wave transmission distance for each frequency domain amplitude. Based on the new dominant frequency and ultrasonic wave transmission distance, obtain a new ultrasonic echo signal. Continue until it is determined that the dominant frequency does not need adjustment for each frequency domain amplitude, thus obtaining the optimal dominant frequency for each frequency domain amplitude. The concentration of the filling slurry is detected based on the dominant optimal frequency of different frequency domain amplitudes and the characteristics of the corresponding ultrasonic echo signals.

10. A mine backfill slurry concentration detection system, characterized in that, The system stores programs or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method for detecting the concentration of backfill slurry in mines as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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