Liquid crystal screen dimming method

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid crystal screen dimming method, and relates to the technical field of screen dimming, and the method comprises the following steps: pre-loading an image feature template of a surgical instrument, and setting parameters; acquiring an endoscope video picture in real time, converting the endoscope video picture into a grey-scale map, and carrying out noise reduction and filtering processing; finding out all over-bright areas in the processed image, comparing the outlines of the over-bright areas with an instrument template, and screening out glare caused by reflection of the surgical instrument; calculating the moving speed and the moving direction of the recognized glare area, and predicting the positions of the recognized glare area in the future frames according to the moving speed and the moving direction; the predicted position is mapped to a specific LED backlight partition, and a backlight brightness value needing to be reduced is calculated; and the backlight controller immediately executes an instruction, microsecond-level pressing is carried out on the brightness of a specific partition, meanwhile, the global dimming system normally works, and the effects are superposed. According to the invention, the backlight brightness of the corresponding screen area on the moving path of the high-reflection instrument can be reduced within a short time before glare of the high-reflection instrument appears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of screen dimming technology, and in particular relates to a method for dimming a liquid crystal screen. Background Technology

[0002] In endoscopic surgery, the endoscope is the core imaging device. It uses a slender optical tube inserted into the body cavity to capture images of internal tissues via its objective lens, and then transmits the images to an external display screen via an image beam or image sensor. To provide necessary illumination, the endoscope is usually connected to a high-brightness cold light source, which guides the light to the tip of the endoscope to illuminate the surgical field. However, when metal surgical instruments are used inside the cavity, their highly reflective surfaces momentarily reflect the light from the cold light source, creating localized bright spots on the image sensor.

[0003] Existing technologies typically rely on feedback control based on the average brightness of the entire screen or the brightness of local areas. Due to the inherent delay in image processing and backlight response, the system cannot effectively adjust the brightness at the moment the light spot appears, resulting in a brief overall overexposure or flickering of the screen. This instability at the display level directly interferes with the surgeon's visual judgment and poses a potential surgical risk. To address these issues, the following solutions are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dimming method for liquid crystal displays. By introducing a local backlight suppression module based on real-time image feature recognition and motion trajectory prediction, the backlight brightness of the corresponding screen area on the movement path of a highly reflective device can be accurately reduced in advance shortly before the glare of the device appears. This solves the problem that existing dimming technologies cannot respond to instantaneous strong light in time due to system delay, resulting in overexposure, flickering and poor visual stability of the display.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention relates to a dimming method for a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: System initialization: The system starts up, preloads the image feature templates of the surgical instruments, and sets key parameters including brightness threshold and prediction frame number.

[0008] Step S2, Image Acquisition and Processing: Acquire endoscopic video images in real time, convert them into grayscale images, and perform noise reduction filtering;

[0009] Step S3: Identify glare areas: Find all overly bright areas in the processed image and compare their outlines with the instrument template to filter out glare caused by reflections from surgical instruments;

[0010] Step S4: Predict motion trajectory: Calculate the moving speed and direction of the identified glare area, and predict its location in the next few frames based on this.

[0011] Step S5: Generate control instructions: Map the predicted position to the specific LED backlight zone, and calculate the backlight brightness value that needs to be reduced based on the glare intensity.

[0012] Step S6: Perform coordinated control: The backlight controller immediately executes the instruction to suppress the brightness of a specific zone at the microsecond level, while the global dimming system works normally, and the effects of the two are superimposed.

[0013] Step S7, Verification and Adaptation: The system will then verify the accuracy of the prediction and dynamically fine-tune the prediction parameters based on the actual results to optimize the suppression effect;

[0014] Step S8: Repeat steps S2 to S7 for each frame of video data to achieve real-time, continuous predictive local glare suppression.

[0015] Further, step S1, system initialization, specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] Step S11: The system starts and loads the pre-stored surgical instrument feature template library into memory; the template library contains the binarized contour features of common highly reflective instruments (such as forceps, scissors, and electrosurgical heads) under endoscopic imaging, including but not limited to slender strips and elliptical rings;

[0017] Step S12: Set the brightness threshold L high =200 (grayscale value 0-255), when the grayscale value of the image area is continuously greater than L high When this occurs, it is identified as a potential glare area;

[0018] Step S13: Set the number of prediction frames N=2, that is, predict the position of the glare area in the second future frame based on the motion vectors of the current frame and the previous frame;

[0019] Step S14: Initialize the backlight control matrix, which corresponds one-to-one with the LED backlight zones of the LCD screen (such as a 32×18 array);

[0020] This step lays the foundation for the entire system's operation by preloading the optical feature templates of surgical instruments, setting the brightness threshold for glare detection, defining the number of prediction frames to calculate the response lead, and initializing the backlight control matrix corresponding to the hardware, thus preparing parameters for subsequent real-time image processing and precise control.

[0021] Furthermore, step S2, image acquisition and processing, specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S21: The endoscopic image sensor acquires continuous video frame data F t , where t is the timestamp;

[0023] Step S22: For each frame F t Perform grayscale conversion to obtain the grayscale image G. t ;

[0024] Step S23: For G t Perform median filtering to eliminate random noise;

[0025] This step is responsible for receiving the raw endoscopic video signal and converting it into a grayscale image that is easier to analyze. At the same time, median filtering is used to eliminate image noise, providing a high-quality data source for subsequent accurate identification of glare areas.

[0026] Furthermore, step S3, identifying the glare area, specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] Step S31: Traverse the grayscale image G t Identify all connected components with an average gray value greater than L. high Region R i (i = 1, 2, ..., m);

[0028] Step S32: For each highlighted region R i Extract its contour features and perform matching calculations with pre-stored instrument feature templates; matching degree S i Obtained by calculating contour similarity:

[0029]

[0030] This formula is an application of the Dice coefficient, which is often used to measure the similarity between two samples. It obtains a normalized similarity score by calculating twice the overlapping area and dividing it by the total area of ​​the two regions, which effectively avoids the bias caused by different region sizes.

[0031] In the formula, S i For similarity scoring, |T j |For template T j The pixel area, |R i |For region R i The pixel area, T j For the j-th template, R i For the i-th region;

[0032] The core function of this step is to filter out all overly bright areas from the image and use a preset instrument template for feature comparison to intelligently distinguish harmful glare caused by reflections from surgical instruments that needs to be treated, while excluding other irrelevant bright interference.

[0033] Furthermore, step S4, predicting the motion trajectory, specifically includes the following steps:

[0034] Step S41: For the current frame F t Each glare region R identified in the image i Compare it with the previous frame F t-1 The coordinates (x, y) of the center point of the outline of all identified glare areas are compared.

[0035] Step S42: When a match with R is found i The region R whose center point is closest to the nearest point and whose distance is less than 10 pixels i-1 When, its motion vector is calculated. If no matching region is found in the previous frame, a new trajectory for that glare region is initialized.

[0036] Step S43: Using linear extrapolation, predict the expected location (x) of the glare region in the Nth frame (i.e., time t+N). p ,y p ):

[0037] x p =x i +N×V x ,y p =y i +N×V y ;

[0038] In the formula, x p For the predicted X coordinate, y p For the predicted Y-coordinate, x i Let x be the current x-coordinate and y be the current x-coordinate. i The current Y coordinate is N, the number of prediction frames is V. x V represents the velocity component in the X direction. y The velocity component in the Y direction;

[0039] This step is crucial for achieving proactive dimming. It tracks the continuous movement of identified glare areas, calculates their motion vectors, and uses a linear extrapolation algorithm to predict their exact location in the next few frames, providing target coordinates for early suppression.

[0040] Furthermore, step S5, generating control commands, specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] Step S51: Predict the position (x p ,y p Mapped to the corresponding LED partition B in the backlight control matrix p,q ;

[0042] Step S52: Based on the current glare area R iAverage brightness value L avg Calculate the required backlight suppression intensity I suppress :

[0043]

[0044] This formula calculates a proportional inhibition strength; molecule (L avg -L high This measures the excessive brightness of the current glare exceeding the threshold, with the denominator (255-L) high The maximum possible excess brightness range is denoted as I, and dividing it by I yields a normalized scaling factor (between 0 and 1); this scaling factor is then multiplied by the maximum current I. max This yields the current value that needs to be suppressed; the brighter the glare, the greater the suppression intensity; the min function ensures that the suppression intensity will not exceed 100%;

[0045] In the formula, I suppress To suppress current intensity, L avg For average brightness, L high 255 is the high brightness threshold, and I is the maximum grayscale value. max Maximum adjustable current intensity;

[0046] Step S53: Generate suppression instructions, and at time t+1 (before the start of the next frame), suppress partition B. p,q Reduced drive current I suppress And maintain a duration of N frames;

[0047] This step transforms the predicted information into specific control commands. It maps the predicted glare location to a specific LED backlight zone and calculates the current value that needs to be reduced based on the current intensity of the glare, generating a precise suppression command at the microsecond level.

[0048] Furthermore, step S6, performing coordinated control, specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S61: The backlight controller receives the suppression command and adjusts the LED driving current of the specified zone within the specified microsecond time window; at the same time, the global dimming system continues to perform conventional, slow-response overall brightness adjustment based on the average brightness of the entire screen.

[0050] Step S62: Predictive local suppression and global dimming commands are superimposed on the driving layer, and finally a composite backlight control signal is output to the LCD backlight module.

[0051] This step is responsible for executing control commands, driving the hardware to reduce the voltage of the specified backlight zone in a very short time, while ensuring that this local suppression action works in coordination with the traditional global dimming system, without conflict, and jointly outputs the final overall backlight control signal.

[0052] Furthermore, step S7, verification and adaptation, specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] Step S71: At time t+N, the system detects the prediction region (x p ,y p The actual brightness of the light.

[0054] Step S72: When the brightness of the area is still higher than L high When this happens, the value of N or I will be automatically adjusted and increased. suppress The calculation coefficients are adjusted to accommodate faster machine movement or stronger reflected light; when predictions are accurate across multiple consecutive frames, the I value is appropriately reduced. suppress To avoid over-suppression and maintain a balanced dynamic range of the image;

[0055] This step plays a role in system optimization. By comparing the predicted results with the actual effects, key parameters such as the number of predicted frames or the suppression intensity are dynamically fine-tuned, enabling the system to adapt to different surgical scenarios and instrument movement speeds, and maintain the best suppression effect.

[0056] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. This invention fundamentally compensates for the inherent delay in image processing and system response by predicting the movement trajectory of high-brightness glare and suppressing the backlight brightness of the target area in advance. This allows the overall brightness and contrast of the display screen to remain highly stable in dynamic surgical scenarios, avoiding overexposure, instantaneous flicker, or drastic fluctuations in brightness caused by the sudden appearance of strong reflected light. It provides surgeons with consistent, stable, and reliable visual feedback, reduces the risk of operational misjudgment caused by visual interference from display devices, and improves the safety and smoothness of minimally invasive surgical operations.

[0058] 2. This invention intelligently distinguishes harmful structural glare caused by specific surgical instruments through a feature template matching mechanism, while ignoring other harmless bright areas, rather than simply suppressing all bright areas. This shape-feature-based recognition ensures the targeted and accurate nature of the suppression behavior. At the same time, the system dynamically calculates and applies just the right suppression intensity based on the actual brightness of the detected glare, and performs effect verification and parameter self-correction in subsequent frames, achieving closed-loop optimization. This ensures that while effectively counteracting glare, the original dynamic range and detail levels of other parts of the image are largely preserved, avoiding the loss of local details or unnatural dark spots in the image caused by excessive suppression.

[0059] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a liquid crystal screen dimming method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a dimming method for a liquid crystal display screen, which includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S1: System initialization: The system starts up, preloads the image feature templates of the surgical instruments, and sets key parameters including brightness threshold and prediction frame number.

[0065] Step S1, system initialization specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S11: The system starts and loads the pre-stored surgical instrument feature template library into memory; the template library contains the binarized contour features of common highly reflective instruments (such as forceps, scissors, and electrosurgical heads) under endoscopic imaging, including but not limited to slender strips and elliptical rings;

[0067] Step S12: Set the brightness threshold L high =200 (grayscale value 0-255), when the grayscale value of the image area is continuously greater than L high When this occurs, it is identified as a potential glare area;

[0068] Step S13: Set the number of prediction frames N=2, that is, predict the position of the glare area in the second future frame based on the motion vectors of the current frame and the previous frame;

[0069] Step S14: Initialize the backlight control matrix, which corresponds one-to-one with the LED backlight zones (such as a 32×18 array) of the LCD screen.

[0070] Step S2, Image Acquisition and Processing: Acquire endoscopic video images in real time, convert them into grayscale images, and perform noise reduction filtering;

[0071] Step S2, image acquisition and processing specifically includes the following steps:

[0072] Step S21: The endoscopic image sensor acquires continuous video frame data F t , where t is the timestamp;

[0073] Step S22: For each frame F t Perform grayscale conversion to obtain the grayscale image G. t ;

[0074] Step S23: For G t Median filtering is performed to eliminate random noise.

[0075] Step S3: Identify glare areas: Find all overly bright areas in the processed image and compare their outlines with the instrument template to filter out glare caused by reflections from surgical instruments;

[0076] Step S3, identifying the glare area specifically includes the following steps:

[0077] Step S31: Traverse the grayscale image G t Identify all connected components with an average gray value greater than L. high Region R i (i = 1, 2, ..., m);

[0078] Step S32: For each highlighted region R i Extract its contour features and perform matching calculations with pre-stored instrument feature templates; matching degree S i Obtained by calculating contour similarity:

[0079]

[0080] This formula is an application of the Dice coefficient, which is often used to measure the similarity between two samples. It obtains a normalized similarity score by calculating twice the overlapping area and dividing it by the total area of ​​the two regions, which effectively avoids the bias caused by different region sizes.

[0081] In the formula, S i For similarity scoring, |T j |For template T j The pixel area, |R i |For region R i The pixel area, T j For the j-th template, R i Let i be the i-th region.

[0082] Step S4: Predict motion trajectory: Calculate the moving speed and direction of the identified glare area, and predict its location in the next few frames based on this.

[0083] Step S4, predicting the motion trajectory specifically includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S41: For the current frame F t Each glare region R identified in the image i Compare it with the previous frame F t-1 The coordinates (x, y) of the center point of the outline of all identified glare areas are compared.

[0085] Step S42: When a match with R is found i The region R whose center point is closest to the nearest point and whose distance is less than 10 pixels i-1 When, its motion vector is calculated. If no matching region is found in the previous frame, a new trajectory for that glare region is initialized.

[0086] Step S43: Using linear extrapolation, predict the expected location (x) of the glare region in the Nth frame (i.e., time t+N). p ,y p ):

[0087] x p =x i +N×V x ,y p =y i +N×V y ;

[0088] In the formula, x p For the predicted X coordinate, y p For the predicted Y-coordinate, x i Let x be the current x-coordinate and y be the current x-coordinate. i The current Y coordinate is N, the number of prediction frames is V. x V represents the velocity component in the X direction. y The velocity component is in the Y direction.

[0089] Step S5: Generate control instructions: Map the predicted position to the specific LED backlight zone, and calculate the backlight brightness value that needs to be reduced based on the glare intensity.

[0090] Step S5, generating control commands specifically includes the following steps:

[0091] Step S51: Predict the position (x p ,y p Mapped to the corresponding LED partition B in the backlight control matrix p,q ;

[0092] Step S52: Based on the current glare area R i Average brightness value L avgCalculate the required backlight suppression intensity I suppress :

[0093]

[0094] This formula calculates a proportional inhibition strength; molecule (L avg -L high This measures the excessive brightness of the current glare exceeding the threshold, with the denominator (255-L) high The maximum possible excess brightness range is denoted as I, and dividing it by I yields a normalized scaling factor (between 0 and 1); this scaling factor is then multiplied by the maximum current I. max This yields the current value that needs to be suppressed; the brighter the glare, the greater the suppression intensity; the min function ensures that the suppression intensity will not exceed 100%;

[0095] In the formula, I suppress To suppress current intensity, L avg For average brightness, L high 255 is the high brightness threshold, and I is the maximum grayscale value. max Maximum adjustable current intensity;

[0096] Step S53: Generate suppression instructions, and at time t+1 (before the start of the next frame), suppress partition B. p,q Reduced drive current I suppress And maintain a duration of N frames.

[0097] Step S6: Perform coordinated control: The backlight controller immediately executes the instruction to suppress the brightness of a specific zone at the microsecond level, while the global dimming system works normally, and the effects of the two are superimposed.

[0098] Step S6, executing coordinated control specifically includes the following steps:

[0099] Step S61: The backlight controller receives the suppression command and adjusts the LED driving current of the specified zone within the specified microsecond time window; at the same time, the global dimming system continues to perform conventional, slow-response overall brightness adjustment based on the average brightness of the entire screen.

[0100] Step S62: Predictive local suppression and global dimming commands are superimposed on the driving layer, and finally a composite backlight control signal is output to the LCD backlight module.

[0101] Step S7, Verification and Adaptation: The system will then verify the accuracy of the prediction and dynamically fine-tune the prediction parameters based on the actual results to optimize the suppression effect;

[0102] Step S7, verification and adaptation specifically includes the following steps:

[0103] Step S71: At time t+N, the system detects the prediction region (x p ,y p The actual brightness of the light.

[0104] Step S72: When the brightness of the area is still higher than L high When this happens, the value of N or I will be automatically adjusted and increased. suppress The calculation coefficients are adjusted to accommodate faster machine movement or stronger reflected light; when predictions are accurate across multiple consecutive frames, the I value is appropriately reduced. suppress To avoid over-suppression and maintain a balanced dynamic range of the image.

[0105] Step S8: Repeat steps S2 to S7 for each frame of video data to achieve real-time, continuous predictive local glare suppression.

[0106] One specific application of this embodiment is:

[0107] Step S1: System Initialization and Parameter Preset

[0108] The system starts up and loads the pre-stored instrument templates from memory; in this example, the template library contains a long strip template T1 representing a metal clamp in a closed state, which is 15 pixels (length) × 3 pixels (width).

[0109] Set brightness threshold L high =200;

[0110] Set the prediction frame number N=2, that is, predict the position of the light spot in the next 2 frames (about 66ms later);

[0111] Initialize the backlight control matrix, which corresponds to the 32 (columns) × 18 (rows) total 576-zone LED backlight array used by a 1920×1080 resolution display screen.

[0112] Step S2: Image Data Acquisition and Preprocessing

[0113] At timestamp t = 1000ms, a 1080p color image F is acquired from the endoscope camera. 1000 ;

[0114] F 1000 Convert to grayscale image G 1000 ;

[0115] For G 1000 Median filtering with a 5x5 pixel window is applied to eliminate salt-and-pepper noise.

[0116] Step S3: Highlighted region detection and feature matching

[0117] Scan G 1000A connected region R1 with an average gray value of 235 was found, and its pixel range is (x... 100 :x 115 ,y 200 :y 203 The dimensions are 16×4 pixels.

[0118] The contour of R1 is extracted and matched with template T1. The matching degree S1 is calculated to be 0.81 (greater than the threshold of 0.7), therefore R1 is determined to be the glare area generated by the metal clamp.

[0119] Step 4: Motion Vector Calculation and Trajectory Prediction

[0120] Retrieving data from the previous frame at t=983ms, the center point coordinates of the glare area at t=983ms were found to be (x... 98 ,y 199 );

[0121] Calculate the center point coordinates (x, y) of the current frame at t = 1000ms. 107.5 ,y 201.5 (Take the center of the region);

[0122] Calculate motion vectors

[0123] Convert this vector into displacement per frame: (V x V y = (9.5, 2.5);

[0124] Predict the location of the glare area after N=2 frames (i.e., t=1034ms):

[0125] x p =107.5 + 2 × 9.5 = 126.5, y p =201.5 + 2 × 2.5 = 206.5;

[0126] The predicted point coordinates are (126.5, 206.5).

[0127] Step S5: Backlight suppression command generation

[0128] Map the predicted coordinates (126.5, 206.5) to the backlight partition matrix; each partition corresponds to a screen area of ​​60×60 pixels (1920 / 32=60, 1080 / 18=60); therefore, this point is located at the [missing information]. Column, number Line, i.e., partition B 2,3 ;

[0129] The average brightness L of the current glare area R1 avg =235;

[0130] Calculate the required backlight suppression current intensity I for this partition. suppress :

[0131]

[0132] Generate instruction: At t=1017ms (before the start of the next frame), partition B will be... 2,3 The drive current is reduced to 36.4% of the normal value (i.e., 1-0.636) and maintained in this state for 2 frames (approximately 66ms).

[0133] Step S6: Backlight control execution and global dimming coordination

[0134] The backlight controller receives the instruction at t=1017ms and accurately adjusts partition B. 2,3 The LED current is reduced;

[0135] At the same time, the global dimming system detected that the average brightness of the entire screen was only 85 (grayscale value), so it maintained the global backlight brightness at 75%.

[0136] The two instructions are superimposed at the hardware driver layer, causing partition B to... 2,3 The actual brightness of the screen is significantly suppressed, while other areas of the screen remain bright.

[0137] Step S7: Effect Verification and Parameter Adaptation

[0138] At t = 1034 ms, the system captures a new frame image and detects the predicted partition B. 2,3 The actual brightness;

[0139] Because the prediction was accurate, the metal clamp reflected light spot did indeed move to that zone, but its brightness was only 185 (below L). high =200), indicating that the inhibition is effective;

[0140] The system determines that the prediction was successful and maintains the current parameter N=2 and the calculated coefficients unchanged;

[0141] Step S8, repeat the process.

[0142] The system continues to process frames at t=1017ms and subsequent frames, continuously predicting and suppressing the moving light spot until the surgical instrument moves out of the field of view or stops producing bright reflections.

[0143] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0144] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for dimming a liquid crystal display screen, characterized in that, The dimming method specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: System initialization: The system starts up, preloads the image feature templates of the surgical instruments, and sets key parameters including brightness threshold and prediction frame count; Step S2, Image Acquisition and Processing: Acquire endoscopic video images in real time, convert them into grayscale images, and perform noise reduction filtering; Step S3: Identify glare areas: Find all overly bright areas in the processed image and compare their outlines with the instrument template to filter out glare caused by reflections from surgical instruments; Step S4: Predict motion trajectory: Calculate the moving speed and direction of the identified glare area, and predict its location in the next few frames based on this. Step S5: Generate control instructions: Map the predicted position to the specific LED backlight zone, and calculate the backlight brightness value that needs to be reduced based on the glare intensity. Step S6: Perform coordinated control: The backlight controller immediately executes the instruction to suppress the brightness of a specific zone at the microsecond level, while the global dimming system works normally, and the effects of the two are superimposed. Step S7, Verification and Adaptation: The system will then verify the accuracy of the prediction and dynamically fine-tune the prediction parameters based on the actual results to optimize the suppression effect; Step S8, Execute repeatedly: For each frame of video data, repeat steps S2 to S7 to achieve real-time, continuous predictive local glare suppression.

2. The liquid crystal display dimming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1, system initialization, specifically includes the following steps: Step S11: The system starts and loads the pre-stored surgical instrument feature template library into memory; the template library contains the binarized contour features of common highly reflective instruments (such as forceps, scissors, and electrosurgical heads) under endoscopic imaging, including but not limited to slender strips and elliptical rings; Step S12: Set a brightness threshold. When the gray value of an image area is continuously greater than the threshold, it is determined to be a potential glare area. Step S13: Set the prediction frame number, that is, predict the position of the glare area in the second future frame based on the motion vectors of the current frame and the previous frame; Step S14: Initialize the backlight control matrix, which corresponds one-to-one with the LED backlight zones of the LCD screen.

3. The liquid crystal display dimming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2, image acquisition and processing, specifically includes the following steps: Step S21: The endoscope image sensor acquires continuous video frame data; Step S22: Perform grayscale processing on each video frame data to obtain a grayscale image; Step S23: Perform median filtering on the grayscale image to eliminate random noise.

4. The liquid crystal display dimming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3, identifying the glare area, specifically includes the following steps: Step S31: Traverse the grayscale image and identify regions in all connected components where the average grayscale value is greater than the brightness threshold; Step S32: For each highlighted area, extract its contour features and perform matching calculations with the pre-stored instrument feature templates; the matching degree is obtained by calculating the contour similarity.

5. A method for dimming a liquid crystal display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4, predicting the motion trajectory, specifically includes the following steps: Step S41: For each glare region identified in the current frame, compare its contour center point coordinates with those of all identified glare regions in the previous frame. Step S42: When a region that is closest to the center point and less than 10 pixels away is found, its motion vector is calculated; when no matching region from the previous frame is found, a new trajectory for the glare region is initialized. Step S43: Using linear extrapolation, predict the expected location of the glare area in the Nth frame in the future.

6. The liquid crystal display dimming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5, generating control commands, specifically includes the following steps: Step S51: Map the predicted position to the corresponding LED partition in the backlight control matrix; Step S52: Calculate the required backlight suppression intensity based on the average brightness value of the current glare area; Step S53: Generate a suppression instruction to reduce the drive current of the partition before the start of the next frame and maintain it for N frames.

7. A method for dimming a liquid crystal display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6, executing the coordinated control, specifically includes the following steps: Step S61: The backlight controller receives the suppression command and adjusts the LED driving current of the specified zone within the specified microsecond time window; at the same time, the global dimming system continues to perform conventional, slow-response overall brightness adjustment based on the average brightness of the entire screen. Step S62: Predictive local suppression and global dimming commands are superimposed on the driving layer, and finally a composite backlight control signal is output to the LCD backlight module.

8. A method for dimming a liquid crystal display screen according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7, verification and adaptation, specifically includes the following steps: Step S71: At time t+N, the system detects the actual brightness of the predicted region; Step S72: When the brightness of the area is still higher than the high brightness threshold, the calculation coefficient of increasing the N value or suppressing the current intensity is automatically fine-tuned to adapt to faster machine movement or stronger reflected light; when the prediction is accurate for multiple consecutive frames, the suppression current intensity is reduced to avoid over-suppression and maintain the balance of the image dynamic range.

Images