Thermal management method and device for dynamic distribution of charging and discharging power of multiple battery clusters

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal management method and device for dynamic distribution of charging and discharging power of multiple battery clusters, and relates to the field of system charging and discharging scheduling, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the SOC of the multiple battery clusters divided into multiple echeles during charging and discharging, the distribution weight of the charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current echeles, and the real-time temperature of the battery clusters, the plurality of echeles comprise a first echelon, a second echelon and a third echelon; and sequentially grading the temperatures of the first echelon, the second echelon and the third echelon into a normal range, an early warning range and a dangerous range under the charging and discharging conditions, and sequentially redistributing the distribution weights of different battery clusters in the charging and discharging power of the current echelon. According to the main technical scheme and effects, power is accurately distributed through SOC echelon grading and a dynamic weight algorithm, the module state and the system target are considered, and the overall operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of system charge and discharge scheduling, and in particular to a thermal management method and apparatus for dynamic allocation of charge and discharge power of multiple battery clusters. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, power storage devices play a crucial role in renewable energy grid connection, electric vehicle charging, and power peak shaving. However, in actual operation, the power modules of the energy storage system generate a large amount of heat during charging and discharging. If this heat cannot be managed in a timely and effective manner, it will lead to a decline in equipment performance, accelerated aging, and even safety hazards.

[0003] In existing technologies, thermal management typically employs a fixed threshold strategy: power reduction is only implemented when the module temperature reaches a set value. This approach ignores the differences in thermal characteristics between power modules, fails to achieve dynamic response to equipment operating status, and is difficult to adjust in a targeted manner based on the real-time SOC (State of Charge) status of different modules and environmental changes. This can easily lead to problems such as overheating of some modules, temperature imbalance, and shortened lifespan. Furthermore, existing methods only weight the charging and discharging power based on SOC, lacking a refined hierarchy management mechanism and dynamic power adjustment strategy. They are slow to respond to temperature gradient trends, thermal balance, and over-temperature protection, failing to balance equipment performance, lifespan, and operating economy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provide a thermal management method, device, equipment and medium for dynamic allocation of charging and discharging power of multiple battery clusters.

[0005] This specification relates to a thermal management device for dynamic allocation of charging and discharging power of multiple battery clusters, an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product, in order to solve the technical defects existing in the prior art.

[0006] Technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application proposes a thermal management method for dynamic allocation of charging and discharging power across multiple battery clusters, comprising:

[0008] The system obtains the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple tiers during charging and discharging, the allocation weight of charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current tier, and the real-time temperature of the battery clusters. The multiple tiers include the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier.

[0009] Classify the temperatures of the first, second, and third tiers during charge and discharge into the normal range, warning range, and danger range, and reassign the allocation weights of the charging and discharging powers of different battery clusters in the current tier in turn.

[0010] Preferably, obtain the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple tiers during charge and discharge, and the allocation weights of the charging and discharging powers of different battery clusters in the current tier. Among them, the multiple tiers include the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier, including:

[0011] Based on the SOC values of each battery cluster, divide the tiers according to the preset SOC threshold range:

[0012] During charging:

[0013] SOC ≤ the first threshold is defined as the first tier;

[0014] The first threshold < SOC < the second threshold is defined as the second tier;

[0015] The second threshold ≤ SOC is defined as the third tier;

[0016] During discharging:

[0017] The second threshold ≤ SOC is defined as the first tier;

[0018] The first threshold < SOC < the second threshold is defined as the second tier;

[0019] SOC ≤ the first threshold is defined as the third tier.

[0020] Preferably, when the temperature of the battery clusters within a tier is within the normal range, perform temperature equalization weight adjustment on the high-temperature battery clusters;

[0021] When the temperature of the battery cluster enters the warning range, perform over-temperature derating weight adjustment and reduce the power according to the degree of temperature over-standard;

[0022] When the temperature of the battery cluster enters the danger range, make the system enter the protection state;

[0023] Allocate the adjusted overflow power to the battery clusters within the same tier or across tiers according to the priority;

[0024] Update the data in real time and iterate the above process.

[0025] Preferably, when the temperature of the current battery cluster satisfies being greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is within the normal temperature range;

[0026] When the temperature of the current battery cluster satisfies being greater than the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is within the warning range;

[0027] When the temperature of the current battery cluster is below the first temperature threshold or above the third temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is in a dangerous range.

[0028] Preferably, when the temperature of the battery clusters within the tier is within the normal range, a temperature balancing weight adjustment is performed on the high-temperature battery clusters, including:

[0029] The weights of all battery clusters in the current tier that have a temperature higher than the average temperature of the current tier battery clusters are readjusted to reduce their weights.

[0030] The weights of the battery clusters in the current tier, excluding the readjusted battery clusters, are readjusted to allocate the excess weights to other battery clusters in the current tier, and the weights of other battery clusters in the current tier are updated.

[0031] If there are no battery clusters to be assigned in the current tier, the remaining weights will be allocated to battery clusters in other tiers in turn, and the weights of other battery clusters in other tiers will be updated again.

[0032] If there are any remaining weights after they have been allocated to the three tiers, the system should be prompted to reduce its power consumption.

[0033] Preferably, the weights of all battery clusters in the current tier that have a temperature higher than the average temperature of the current tier are readjusted to reduce their weights. The current battery cluster weights are redistributed as follows:

[0034] ;

[0035] Among them, W b The balanced battery cluster weights, W0 is the original base weight, T c T represents the current temperature of the battery cluster. avg k represents the average temperature of the current echelon. b T is the equilibrium coefficient. th This is the maximum permissible temperature difference threshold.

[0036] Preferably, when the battery cluster temperature enters the warning range, an over-temperature derating weight adjustment is performed, reducing power according to the degree of temperature exceeding the limit, including:

[0037] The weights of battery clusters that trigger temperature warnings are redistributed using an over-temperature derating formula;

[0038] The weights of the battery clusters in the current tier, excluding the readjusted battery clusters, are readjusted to allocate the excess weights to other battery clusters in the current tier, and the weights of other battery clusters in the current tier are updated.

[0039] If there are no battery clusters to be assigned in the current tier, the remaining weights will be allocated to battery clusters in other tiers in turn, and the weights of other battery clusters in other tiers will be updated again.

[0040] If there are any remaining weights after they have been allocated to the three tiers, the system should be prompted to reduce its power consumption.

[0041] The preferred over-temperature derating formula is as follows:

[0042] ;

[0043] Among them, W b The balanced battery cluster weights, W0 is the original base weight, T c T1 represents the current temperature of the battery cluster, T2 represents the second temperature threshold, T3 represents the third temperature threshold, and k represents the k value. t This is the reduction factor;

[0044] Where, k t This is the derating factor, which is related to temperature changes. It decreases as the current battery cluster temperature rises and increases as the current battery cluster temperature falls.

[0045] Preferably, other battery cluster update methods include the following formula:

[0046] ;

[0047] Where n∈[1,m], m is the number of battery clusters in the current echelon excluding the readjusted battery clusters, and n is the number of the current battery cluster. Assign weights to the charge and discharge power of the current battery cluster within the current tier.

[0048] Preferably, when the battery cluster temperature enters a dangerous range, the system enters a protection state, including:

[0049] The timer will start when the temperature enters a dangerous range.

[0050] If the temperature remains within the dangerous range for a certain period of time, a shutdown command will be triggered to cut off the power supply to the equipment, set a fault flag, and record the fault information.

[0051] Once the temperature returns to the normal range, the fault flag will be cleared after a second delay.

[0052] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a thermal management device for dynamic allocation of charging and discharging power among multiple battery clusters, comprising:

[0053] The acquisition unit is used to acquire the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple tiers during charging and discharging, the allocation weight of the charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current tier, and the real-time temperature of the battery clusters. The multiple tiers include the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier.

[0054] The weighting allocation unit is used to classify the temperature of the first, second and third tiers under charging and discharging conditions into normal range, warning range and dangerous range, and then redistribute the weighting of the charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current tier.

[0055] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a processor and a memory. The memory stores one or more computer programs; when the one or more computer programs stored in the memory are executed by the processor, the electronic device is able to implement any of the possible design methods described in the first aspect.

[0056] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0057] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product that, when run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform any possible design method of any of the above aspects.

[0058] Beneficial effects: By using SOC tiering and dynamic weighting algorithms, power is accurately allocated, taking into account both module status and system objectives, thereby improving overall operating efficiency.

[0059] A temperature equalization formula based on module temperature differences is introduced to achieve heat balance between modules and effectively avoid local heat accumulation.

[0060] When the module temperature enters the warning or danger range, the system activates dynamic derating or protection shutdown strategies to respond in real time and ensure operational safety.

[0061] The system can flexibly adjust its power control strategy in response to different charging and discharging states and environmental changes, and has a high degree of intelligence and adaptability.

[0062] By implementing refined thermal management, module overload and thermal runaway can be avoided, performance degradation can be slowed down, and the lifespan of batteries and power modules can be extended.

[0063] Optimize power regulation and cooling requirements, reduce operating and maintenance costs, and enhance the overall economic benefits of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the method framework for this invention is provided;

[0065] Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the connection between the battery cluster and the PCS.

[0066] Figure 3This invention provides a schematic flowchart of a charging and discharging power allocation method for an energy storage system.

[0067] Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of echelon classification;

[0068] Figure 5 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the temperature equalization strategy process;

[0069] Figure 6 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the over-temperature derating strategy process;

[0070] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of a device structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of an electronic device structure provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "comprising" and similar expressions used herein mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed following the word and its equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects.

[0075] In response to the problems existing in the current technology, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, a thermal management method for dynamic allocation of charging and discharging power among multiple battery clusters is proposed, including:

[0076] The system obtains the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple tiers during charging and discharging, the allocation weight of charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current tier, and the real-time temperature of the battery clusters. The multiple tiers include the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier.

[0077] The temperatures of the first echelon, the second echelon, and the third echelon during charge and discharge are classified into a normal range, a warning range, and a dangerous range in sequence, and the allocation weights of the charging and discharging of different battery clusters in the current echelon are redistributed in sequence.

[0078] Specifically, obtain the SOC of all battery clusters, classify them according to the size of the battery cluster SOC, and obtain the originally allocated charging and discharging weights of the battery clusters according to different SOCs. In addition, obtain the temperature of the battery clusters to facilitate further adjustment of the weights of the battery clusters by temperature in the following text;

[0079] Judge the battery clusters with temperatures in the normal range for the battery clusters of the first echelon, the second echelon, and the third echelon in sequence, then judge the battery clusters with temperatures in the warning range for the battery clusters of the first echelon, the second echelon, and the third echelon, and finally judge the battery clusters with temperatures in the dangerous range for the battery clusters of the first echelon, the second echelon, and the third echelon.

[0080] In addition, when judging the battery clusters in the normal range and the warning range, reallocate the weights of the charging and discharging power of the battery clusters obtained originally to adapt to the change of temperature. For example, reduce the charging and discharging weights when the temperature is high.

[0081] In some specific embodiments, obtain the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple echelons during charge and discharge, and the allocation weights of the charging and discharging of different battery clusters in the current echelon. Among them, the multiple echelons include the first echelon, the second echelon, and the third echelon, including:

[0082] Based on the SOC values of each battery cluster, divide the echelons according to the preset SOC threshold range:

[0083] During charging:

[0084] SOC ≤ the first threshold is defined as the first echelon;

[0085] The first threshold < SOC < the second threshold is defined as the second echelon;

[0086] The second threshold ≤ SOC is defined as the third echelon;

[0087] During discharging:

[0088] The second threshold ≤ SOC is defined as the first echelon;

[0089] The first threshold < SOC < the second threshold is defined as the second echelon;

[0090] SOC ≤ the first threshold is defined as the third echelon.

[0091] Specifically, such as Figure 3 、 4, the first threshold can be 20% and the second threshold can be 80%;

[0092] Charging scenario:

[0093] First tier: SOC ≤ 20% (severely low battery level, priority for charging)

[0094] Second tier: 20% < SOC ≤ 80% (normal working area, secondary priority)

[0095] Third tier: 80% < SOC (close to full charge, charging restricted)

[0096] Discharging scenario:

[0097] First tier: SOC ≥ 80% (sufficient battery level, priority for discharging)

[0098] Second tier: 20% < SOC < 80% (normal discharging area)

[0099] Third tier: SOC ≤ 20% (low battery level, not suitable for further discharging).

[0100] First tier (dangerous range): The SOC is the lowest and the battery level is severely low. Such battery clusters are given priority for charging. If the total system power permits, the charging power is allocated according to the dynamic weights of each battery cluster; if the power is insufficient, all battery clusters in this tier are charged at full power, and the remaining power is then handed over to the second tier for processing.

[0101] Second tier (safe range): Battery clusters with SOC in the normal working range are stable and reliable. They take over the remaining power when the requirements of the first tier are not met, and dynamic weights are also used for allocation. If their capacity is still insufficient, all battery clusters in this tier will also operate at full power, and the remaining power is given to the third tier.

[0102] Third tier (saturated range): The SOC is relatively high and close to full charge. To prevent overcharging, it is only enabled when the power allocation of the first two tiers is insufficient and its use is restricted. If it must operate, it is also allocated according to dynamic weights to ensure the system power supply requirements to the greatest extent. In addition, if the target remaining power of the system exceeds the power capacity within the third tier, derating operation is performed; otherwise, it continues to operate normally.

[0103] Furthermore, it can be known that the existing charge-discharge weights for different battery clusters with different SOCs are obtained through the above existing solutions. In some specific embodiments, the existing technical solutions also obtain the power target values (active and reactive powers) issued by the EMS, obtain the power limits (charge and discharge) of each cluster of batteries and the current SOC by the BMS, and obtain the power limits (active and reactive powers) of each power control module to calculate the basic weights of SOC.

[0104] In some specific embodiments, Figure 2This is a typical 3S architecture diagram of a battery energy storage power station provided in an embodiment of this application. The energy storage power station includes an EMS and an energy storage system. A single energy storage system has a system control module, multiple power converter systems (PCS), and a BMS system. Each power converter controls the charging and discharging process of its corresponding energy storage module. The operating states of the PCS include initialization, standby, operation, and fault. The PCS consists of a DC / AC bidirectional converter, a control unit, etc. The system control module receives control commands from the background via communication and controls the converter to charge or discharge the battery according to the sign and magnitude of the power command, thereby regulating the active and reactive power of the power grid. The PCS controller communicates with the BMS through a CAN interface to obtain battery status information, enabling protective charging and discharging of the battery to ensure safe battery operation. A system includes the PCS and its subordinate BMS and batteries.

[0105] In some specific embodiments, when the temperature of the battery clusters within the echelon is within the normal range, a temperature balancing weight adjustment is performed on the high-temperature battery clusters;

[0106] When the battery cluster temperature enters the warning range, an over-temperature derating weight adjustment is performed, reducing the power according to the degree of temperature exceeding the standard.

[0107] When the battery cluster temperature enters a dangerous range, the system enters a protection state.

[0108] The adjusted overflow power will be allocated to battery clusters in the same or different tiers according to priority.

[0109] The data is updated in real time and the above process is iterated.

[0110] In some specific embodiments, when the current battery cluster temperature is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold and less than or equal to a second temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is within the normal temperature range.

[0111] When the current battery cluster temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is in the warning range.

[0112] When the temperature of the current battery cluster is below the first temperature threshold or above the third temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is in a dangerous range.

[0113] Specifically, such as Figure 3 The SOC temperature of the battery cluster is mainly divided into three ranges: T1 is the first temperature threshold, T2 is the second temperature threshold, and T3 is the third temperature threshold.

[0114] Normal range (T1≤Temperature≤T2)

[0115] The system is running normally. If the temperature of some battery clusters is higher than the average value, the temperature equalization strategy will be activated to reduce their power weights; the released power will be preferentially allocated to other battery clusters with normal temperature in the same echelon. If there are no available clusters, it will be allocated across echelons, ultimately ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0116] Early warning range (T2 < temperature < T3)

[0117] The system immediately activates the dynamic derating strategy. Reduce the power allocation for the high-temperature battery clusters in this range and transfer the released power to other clusters with normal temperature. If the power still cannot be reasonably allocated, derate the operation and issue an alarm.

[0118] Dangerous range (temperature < T1 or ≥ T3)

[0119] The system enters the protection state. If the high temperature continues to reach the set time t1, immediately execute the shutdown instruction, cut off the power, and record the fault. When the temperature returns to normal, delay for t2 time to clear the fault flag and prepare for restart.

[0120] In some specific embodiments, when the temperature of the battery clusters within the echelon is within the normal range, perform temperature equalization weight adjustment for the high-temperature battery clusters, including:

[0121] Readjust the weights of all battery clusters in the current echelon that are higher than the average temperature of the battery clusters in the current echelon to reduce their weights;

[0122] Readjust the weights of the battery clusters in the current echelon except for the readjusted battery clusters to allocate the excess weights to other battery clusters in the current echelon and update the weights of other battery clusters in the current echelon again;

[0123] If there are no allocable battery clusters in the current echelon, allocate the remaining weights to the battery clusters in other echelons in sequence and update the weights of other battery clusters in other echelons again;

[0124] If there is still a surplus after the excess weights have been allocated in three echelons, prompt the system to derate the operation.

[0125] Specifically, combined with Figure 5 ,

[0126] 1. The first part is the temperature equalization judgment stage

[0127] (1) Judge whether the temperature of the current echelon module is within the normal range. If not, skip the temperature equalization process of this echelon and directly enter the next echelon; if so, continue to execute the next step.

[0128] (2) Calculate the average temperature within the echelon for subsequent judgment of which modules have higher temperatures.

[0129] (3) Determine whether the module temperature exceeds the average value. If any module is above the average value, it indicates that there is an uneven temperature.

[0130] (4) Calculate the temperature equalization weight of the ultra-even temperature module and start the temperature equalization strategy: reduce the power allocation weight of the module with high temperature.

[0131] 2. The second part is the weight overflow handling stage.

[0132] (1) Distribute the reduced power release (overflow) to other modules in this echelon, prioritizing balanced distribution within the current echelon.

[0133] (2) Determine whether the overall power limit (fixed value) of the echelon is exceeded.

[0134] If the limit is not exceeded: the overflow weight can be absorbed within this echelon;

[0135] If the limit is exceeded, the weight needs to be "shifted" to the next tier.

[0136] (3) Distribute excess power weight to the next tier, transfer the load, and alleviate the pressure on the current tier.

[0137] (4) Determine if there is an available cluster (module that can receive power). If there is: continue to allocate; if not: enter the protection mechanism - system derated operation.

[0138] 3. The third part is the echelon traversal phase.

[0139] Determine if the current tier is the third tier.

[0140] If not: continue iterating through the next echelon and repeat the above temperature uniformity judgment and processing;

[0141] If it is the third tier: end the current temperature balancing strategy process.

[0142] In some specific embodiments, the weights of all battery clusters in the current echelon with temperatures higher than the average temperature of the current echelon battery clusters are readjusted to reduce their weights. The current battery cluster weights are redistributed as follows:

[0143] ;

[0144] Among them, W b The balanced battery cluster weights, W0 is the original base weight, T c T represents the current temperature of the battery cluster. avg k represents the average temperature of the current echelon. b T is the equilibrium coefficient. th This is the maximum permissible temperature difference threshold.

[0145] Specifically:

[0146] Only when the temperature difference exceeds the threshold (i.e. Weight adjustments are only made when the weights are adjusted.

[0147] If the temperature difference is less than or equal to T th This indicates that the temperature uniformity is acceptable, and adjustment will not be initiated.

[0148] For example:

[0149] For example, a certain echelon has three battery cluster power modules.

[0150] Battery cluster power module temperature 30℃

[0151] The temperature of the B battery cluster power module is 25℃.

[0152] The temperature of the C-cell power module is 23℃.

[0153] The current average temperature for the team is 26℃. th The temperature is set at 2℃. The power module temperature of battery cluster A is 4℃ higher than the average. According to the formula, the power weight of battery cluster A is reduced, while the power weights of battery clusters B and C are increased. If there is power overflow during this process, the overflowed power is allocated to other clusters with normal temperatures in the same echelon according to the weight. If there are no usable clusters in the same echelon, the power is allocated to the next echelon. If there are no usable clusters, the system operates at a reduced rate.

[0154] In some specific embodiments, combined with Figure 6 When the battery cluster temperature enters the warning range, an over-temperature derating weight adjustment is performed, reducing power according to the degree of temperature exceeding the limit, including:

[0155] The weights of battery clusters that trigger temperature warnings are redistributed using an over-temperature derating formula;

[0156] The weights of the battery clusters in the current tier, excluding the readjusted battery clusters, are readjusted to allocate the excess weights to other battery clusters in the current tier, and the weights of other battery clusters in the current tier are updated.

[0157] If there are no battery clusters to be assigned in the current tier, the remaining weights will be allocated to battery clusters in other tiers in turn, and the weights of other battery clusters in other tiers will be updated again.

[0158] If there are any remaining weights after they have been allocated to the three tiers, the system should be prompted to reduce its power consumption.

[0159] Specifically:

[0160] (1) Over-temperature judgment

[0161] If any module in the current tier exceeds the "warning temperature range," skip this tier and proceed to the next; otherwise, proceed to the next step. Perform "over-temperature derating" on the overheating module, i.e., reduce its power weight to alleviate the heat load.

[0162] (2) Weight overflow handling

[0163] After derating, the released power is called "weight overflow". It is preferentially allocated to other modules with normal temperature in this echelon. If it cannot be fully consumed, it is determined whether it exceeds the overall power limit of the echelon. If it exceeds the limit, the remaining weight is shifted to the next echelon for allocation. If the next echelon cannot consume it either, it is determined whether there are any available modules: if there are, it is allocated to these modules; if not, the system enters "derating operation mode" to protect the equipment.

[0164] (3) Echelon traversal

[0165] If it is in the third tier:

[0166] If so, it means that all traversals have been completed and the process ends;

[0167] Otherwise, proceed to the next stage and repeat the over-temperature judgment and handling process.

[0168] For example:

[0169] For example, a power module has a rated power of 10kW, is set at 40℃, and has a derating factor of 0.05. When the temperature rises to 42℃, the power limit becomes 10*(1-0.05*(42-40))=9kW.

[0170] When the temperature drops below a certain level, power is gradually restored, with power restored for every 1°C decrease. If power overflow occurs due to derating, the overflow power is first allocated to other normally conditioned clusters in the same tier according to their weights; if there are no available clusters in the same tier, it is allocated to the next tier; if there are no available clusters, the system operates at a derating rate.

[0171] In some specific embodiments, the over-temperature derating formula is as follows:

[0172] ;

[0173] Among them, W b The balanced battery cluster weights, W0 is the original base weight, T c T1 represents the current temperature of the battery cluster, T2 represents the second temperature threshold, T3 represents the third temperature threshold, and k represents the k value. t This is the reduction factor;

[0174] Where, k t This is the derating factor, which is related to temperature changes. It decreases as the current battery cluster temperature rises and increases as the current battery cluster temperature falls.

[0175] This formula applies to modules where the temperature is within the warning range (between T2 and T3);

[0176] Power weight W b It decreases linearly as the temperature rises to prevent the module from overheating;

[0177] The adjustment range depends on the temperature difference. and coefficient k t ;

[0178] Once the temperature exceeds T3, the system will switch to protection mode instead of simply derating.

[0179] k t The larger the value, the more drastic the derating, suitable for systems with strict temperature control requirements;

[0180] k t Smaller: The derating is smoother, which is suitable for systems with high tolerance to temperature fluctuations;

[0181] This coefficient can be dynamically set as a temperature-related function.

[0182] In some specific embodiments, other battery cluster update methods include the following formula:

[0183] ;

[0184] Where n∈[1,m], m is the number of battery clusters in the current echelon excluding the readjusted battery clusters, and n is the number of the current battery cluster. Assign weights to the charge and discharge power of the current battery cluster within the current tier.

[0185] Specifically, W n : The charging weight of the nth battery cluster;

[0186] SOC n The current state of charge of the nth battery cluster;

[0187] m: The number of battery clusters in the current echelon;

[0188] Inductor: Represents the "charge gap" of the nth battery cluster (the smaller the value, the fuller the cluster).

[0189] Denominator: The sum of the power deficit of all battery clusters in the echelon;

[0190] This formula dynamically calculates the power allocation ratio based on the principle of "the more power-deficient, the greater the weight," ensuring that low-SOC clusters receive priority access to more charging power and accelerate their recovery; avoiding resource waste or slow charging caused by average allocation; improving SOC balance; preventing some clusters from operating at low or high power for extended periods; and extending battery life.

[0191] In some specific embodiments, when the battery cluster temperature enters a dangerous range, the system enters a protection state, including:

[0192] The timer will start when the temperature enters a dangerous range.

[0193] If the temperature remains within the dangerous range for a certain period of time, a shutdown command will be triggered to cut off the power supply to the equipment, set a fault flag, and record the fault information.

[0194] Once the temperature returns to the normal range, the fault flag will be cleared after a second delay.

[0195] Specifically:

[0196] 1. The current temperature of the battery cluster meets any of the following conditions:

[0197] T c ≥T3: Temperature is too high;

[0198] T c ≤T1: Temperature too low (if there is a cold protection mechanism);

[0199] Start the protection timer.

[0200] Once the machine enters the dangerous temperature range, it will not stop immediately, but will start timing.

[0201] To prevent unnecessary downtime caused by short-term interference or accidental triggering.

[0202] 2. The duration of continuous overheating reaches the threshold (first preset time).

[0203] If the temperature remains within the dangerous range for more than this time threshold (e.g., 5 seconds, 10 seconds):

[0204] (1) Trigger the stop command;

[0205] (2) Disconnect the power supply to the relevant equipment;

[0206] (3) Set fault flag bits;

[0207] (4) Record fault log information (for subsequent diagnosis).

[0208] 3. Temperature recovery + delayed reset

[0209] Once the temperature returns to a safe range (i.e., T1) <T c <T2):

[0210] Continue to delay for a "second preset time" (to prevent repeated restarts caused by temperature fluctuations);

[0211] The fault flag will be automatically cleared when the time is up, and the system can be put back into operation.

[0212] The system periodically updates and sends power allocation instructions to each battery cluster and related power control modules according to the calculated power target value for each battery cluster, as shown in the last part of the flowchart. Based on the received instructions, the power control modules precisely adjust the power input or output for each battery cluster, achieving dynamic allocation and coordinated control of the power across multiple modules of the system. Simultaneously, the system continuously and iteratively executes the processes of data preparation, cluster classification, weight calculation, temperature equalization and over-temperature derating, and periodic power allocation updates to adapt to real-time changes in various parameters during system operation, ensuring the system remains in a highly efficient and stable operating state.

[0213] The thermal management method and strategy for power energy storage devices proposed in this invention bring about many significant beneficial effects:

[0214] Firstly, regarding improving equipment performance, by using a tiered system based on SOC health status and a precise power allocation strategy, battery clusters in different states can receive the most suitable power supply. For example, battery clusters in the danger zone receive priority charging power, avoiding performance degradation caused by prolonged low charge levels; charging of battery clusters in the saturation zone is restricted to prevent irreversible damage to battery performance from overcharging. This precise management approach ensures the stable performance of each battery cluster in the entire energy storage system, thereby improving the overall charging and discharging performance of the power storage device and guaranteeing the stability and reliability of its output power.

[0215] Temperature balancing and over-temperature derating strategies play a crucial role in extending equipment lifespan. The temperature balancing strategy monitors and adjusts the temperature of each battery cluster or power module in real time, preventing premature aging due to localized overheating or undercooling. When the temperature of a cluster exceeds the average by a certain range, its power allocation weight is reduced to decrease heat generation and bring the temperature of each cluster closer to equilibrium. The over-temperature derating strategy, on the other hand, promptly lowers the power limit according to derating rules when the temperature enters the warning range, effectively reducing losses to the power modules caused by high temperatures.

[0216] From an economic perspective, this invention offers considerable benefits. Firstly, by optimizing power distribution and thermal management strategies, it reduces the costs associated with frequent maintenance and replacements due to performance degradation and malfunctions. Secondly, it avoids energy waste caused by inadequate thermal management. Traditional thermal management methods often consume significant amounts of energy to maintain equipment temperature, while this invention, through precise temperature regulation and power control, reduces the energy consumption of the cooling or heat dissipation system while ensuring normal equipment operation.

[0217] Furthermore, the strategy of this invention possesses high flexibility and intelligence, capable of adjusting power distribution and thermal management strategies in real time according to different operating conditions and environmental factors. Whether under different charging and discharging states or facing significant fluctuations in ambient temperature, it ensures that the power storage device is always in optimal operating condition, further enhancing the applicability and stability of the device in various complex scenarios.

[0218] In summary, this invention, through its innovative strategy for thermal management of power energy storage devices, has brought significant positive impacts to the field of power energy storage devices from multiple dimensions, including performance improvement, lifespan extension, and economic optimization, and has extremely high application value and promotion significance.

[0219] In some embodiments, this application proposes a thermal management device for dynamic allocation of charging and discharging power among multiple battery clusters, combined with Figure 7 ,include:

[0220] The acquisition unit 201 is used to acquire the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple echelons during charging and discharging, the allocation weight of the charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current echelon, and the real-time temperature of the battery clusters. The multiple echelons include the first echelon, the second echelon, and the third echelon.

[0221] The weight allocation unit 202 is used to classify the temperature of the first, second and third battery groups under charging and discharging conditions into normal range, warning range and dangerous range, and to redistribute the weight of the charging and discharging power of different battery groups in the current group in turn.

[0222] All relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referenced from the functional description of the corresponding functional battery cluster, and will not be repeated here.

[0223] In other embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device 400 is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 8. This electronic device may include: one or more processors 401; a memory 402; a display 403; one or more application programs (not shown); and one or more computer programs 404. The aforementioned devices can be connected via one or more communication buses 405. The one or more computer programs 404 are stored in the memory 402 and configured to be executed by the one or more processors 401. The one or more computer programs 404 include instructions that can be used to perform actions such as… Figures 1 to 6 And the various steps in the corresponding embodiments.

[0224] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the division of the functional battery clusters described above is only used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional battery clusters as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional battery clusters to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0225] In the various embodiments of this invention, the functional units can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0226] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as flash memory, portable hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0227] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management method for dynamic allocation of charging and discharging power among multiple battery clusters, characterized in that, including: Obtain the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple tiers during charge and discharge, the distribution weights of the charge and discharge powers of different battery clusters in the current tier, and the real-time temperature of the battery clusters. Among them, the multiple tiers include the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier; Gradually classify the temperatures of the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier during charge and discharge into the normal range, the warning range, and the dangerous range, and re-allocate the distribution weights of the charge and discharge powers of different battery clusters in the current tier in sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple tiers during charge and discharge and the distribution weights of the charge and discharge powers of different battery clusters in the current tier. Among them, the multiple tiers include the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier, including: Based on the SOC values of each battery cluster, divide the tiers according to a preset SOC threshold range: Under the charging state: SOC ≤ the first threshold is defined as the first tier; The first threshold < SOC < the second threshold is defined as the second tier; The second threshold ≤ SOC is defined as the third tier; Under the discharging state: The second threshold ≤ SOC is defined as the first tier; The first threshold < SOC < the second threshold is defined as the second tier; SOC ≤ the first threshold is defined as the third tier.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein When the temperature of the battery clusters within a tier is in the normal range, perform temperature equalization weight adjustment on the high-temperature battery clusters; When the temperature of the battery clusters enters the warning range, perform over-temperature derating weight adjustment and reduce the power according to the degree of temperature exceeding the standard; When the temperature of the battery clusters enters the dangerous range, make the system enter the protection state; including: When the temperature enters the dangerous range, start a timer; If the temperature continuously remains in the dangerous range for the first preset time, trigger a shutdown instruction to cut off the device power supply, set a fault flag bit, and record the fault information; After the temperature returns to the normal range, delay for the second time to clear the fault flag bit; Allocate the adjusted overflow power to the battery clusters within the same tier or across tiers according to the priority; Update the data in real time and iterate the above process.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein When the temperature of the current battery cluster satisfies being greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is in the normal temperature range; When the temperature of the current battery cluster satisfies being greater than the second temperature threshold and less than the third temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is in the warning range; When the temperature of the current battery cluster satisfies being less than the first temperature threshold or greater than the third temperature threshold, the current battery cluster is in the dangerous range.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the temperature of the battery clusters within a tier is in the normal range, perform temperature equalization weight adjustment on the high-temperature battery clusters, including: Re-adjust the weights of all battery clusters in the current tier that are higher than the average temperature of the battery clusters in the current tier to reduce their weights; Re-adjust the weights of the battery clusters in the current tier except for the re-adjusted battery clusters to allocate the extra weights to other battery clusters in the current tier and re-update the weights of other battery clusters in the current tier; If there are no battery clusters in the current tier that can be allocated, allocate the remaining weights to the battery clusters in other tiers in sequence and re-update the weights of other battery clusters in other tiers; If there are any remaining weights after they have been allocated to the three tiers, the system should be prompted to reduce its power consumption.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The weights of all battery clusters in the current tier whose temperatures are higher than the average temperature of the current tier battery clusters are readjusted to reduce their weights. The current battery cluster weights are redistributed as follows: ； Among them, W b The balanced battery cluster weights, W0 is the original base weight, T c T represents the current temperature of the battery cluster. avg k represents the average temperature of the current echelon. b T is the equilibrium coefficient. th This is the maximum permissible temperature difference threshold.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the battery cluster temperature enters the warning range, an over-temperature derating weight adjustment is performed, reducing power according to the degree of temperature exceedance, including: The weights of battery clusters that trigger temperature warnings are redistributed using an over-temperature derating formula; The weights of the battery clusters in the current tier, excluding the readjusted battery clusters, are readjusted to allocate the excess weights to other battery clusters in the current tier, and the weights of other battery clusters in the current tier are updated. If there are no battery clusters to be assigned in the current tier, the remaining weights will be allocated to battery clusters in other tiers in turn, and the weights of other battery clusters in other tiers will be updated again. If there are any remaining weights after they have been allocated to the three tiers, the system should be prompted to reduce its power consumption.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The over-temperature derating formula is as follows: ； Among them, W b The balanced battery cluster weights, W0 is the original base weight, T c T1 represents the current temperature of the battery cluster, T2 represents the second temperature threshold, T3 represents the third temperature threshold, and k represents the k value. t This is the reduction factor; Where, k t This is the derating factor, which is related to temperature changes. It decreases as the current battery cluster temperature rises and increases as the current battery cluster temperature falls.

9. The method according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that, Other battery cluster update methods include the following formula: ； Where n∈[1,m], m is the number of battery clusters in the current echelon excluding the readjusted battery clusters, and n is the number of the current battery cluster. Assign weights to the charge and discharge power of the current battery cluster within the current tier.

10. A thermal management device for dynamic distribution of charging and discharging power among multiple battery clusters, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the SOC when multiple battery clusters are divided into multiple tiers during charging and discharging, the allocation weight of the charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current tier, and the real-time temperature of the battery clusters. The multiple tiers include the first tier, the second tier, and the third tier. The weighting allocation unit is used to classify the temperature of the first, second and third tiers under charging and discharging conditions into normal range, warning range and dangerous range, and then redistribute the weighting of the charging and discharging power of different battery clusters in the current tier.

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