Flue gas desulfurization device and method for prebaked anode roasting kiln

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of desulfurization equipment, in particular to a prebaked anode roasting kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method.The prebaked anode roasting kiln flue gas desulfurization device comprises a spraying bin, a demisting bin is installed at the top of the spraying bin, an exhaust cylinder is installed at the top of the demisting bin, a liquid storage bin is installed at the bottom of the spraying bin, and a pump bin is installed on one side of the periphery of the liquid storage bin; the output end of the pump bin is connected with a feeding pipe, a first water outlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe, the input end of the pump bin is connected with an external water supplementing device, the top of the first water outlet pipe is fixedly connected with an annular frame, the annular frame is installed at the inner bottom of the demisting bin, and first spray heads which are evenly distributed are installed on the upper portion and the lower portion of the annular frame. And one side of the middle part of the water outlet pipe I is fixedly connected with a guide pipe. According to the invention, the corresponding relationship between the spraying opening and the reserved opening is adjusted through the rotatable inner pipe, the fineness of an intercepted water curtain is flexibly controlled, the interception efficiency of particle impurities under different working conditions is greatly improved, and the stability of initial desulfurization and dust removal effects is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of desulfurization equipment, and in particular to a desulfurization device and method for flue gas from a prebaked anode calcining kiln. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most flue gas desulfurization in prebaked anode roasting kilns employs wet processes, but existing technologies have several limitations: spray systems are mostly fixed-mode, making it difficult to adapt to flue gas with flue gas dust content fluctuations. Initial purification is incomplete when dealing with high-dust-content flue gas, while resource waste occurs due to fixed parameters when dealing with low-dust-content flue gas; sprayed slurry easily remains on the inner walls of the equipment, and demisters are prone to scale buildup and blockage, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, which not only affects continuous system operation but also increases maintenance costs; during the desulfurization process, water mist is mostly sprayed in a fixed direction, limiting the contact area with the flue gas, leading to sulfur dioxide re-oxidation. Insufficient desulfurization leads to poor deep desulfurization results; the calcium sulfite generated by the reaction is prone to accumulation, causing an imbalance in the slurry concentration in the storage tank, requiring frequent replacement of the desulfurizing agent, which wastes raw materials and increases the pressure on solid waste treatment; the condensation and dehydration of the exhaust stack relies heavily on external power, resulting in high energy consumption, and the condensation effect is significantly reduced in high-temperature environments, making it difficult to balance energy saving and purification effects. These problems restrict the overall performance and practical application value of the desulfurization system. Therefore, we propose a desulfurization device and method for flue gas from a prebaked anode roasting kiln to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a desulfurization device and method for flue gas from a prebaked anode calcining kiln.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode calcining kiln, comprising a spray chamber, a demister chamber installed at the top of the spray chamber, an exhaust stack installed at the top of the demister chamber, a liquid storage chamber installed at the bottom of the spray chamber, a pump chamber installed on one side of the outer circumference of the liquid storage chamber, an inlet pipe, a first outlet pipe, and a second outlet pipe respectively connected to the output end of the pump chamber, an external water replenishment device connected to the input end of the pump chamber, a ring frame fixedly connected to the top of the first outlet pipe, the ring frame being installed at the bottom of the demister chamber, uniformly distributed nozzles installed on both the upper and lower parts of the ring frame, and a guide pipe fixedly connected to one side of the middle of the first outlet pipe, the guide pipe being... A rotary joint is fixedly connected to one end of the water outlet pipe. A hollow tube is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotary joint. Fixed rings are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower parts of the spray chamber. Evenly distributed fixed plates are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed rings. The ends of the fixed plates away from the fixed rings are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotary joint. Evenly distributed spray pipes are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer periphery of the hollow tube. Spray heads are provided between the upper and lower spray pipes. All spray heads are rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the hollow tube. Evenly distributed through holes are opened on the outer periphery of each spray head. Evenly distributed nozzles are installed in the middle of the outer periphery of each spray head. The spray pipes and spray heads are all connected to the inside of the hollow tube.

[0005] Preferably, an air inlet is installed on one side of the spray chamber, an air inlet pipe is connected to the end of the air inlet, and a kiln flue gas passage is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the hollow tube passes through a lower rotary joint, and a speed reducer is connected to the bottom of the hollow tube.

[0007] Preferably, a top chamber is installed at the top of the air inlet, a second water outlet pipe is installed at the top of the top chamber, and a uniformly distributed connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top chamber, with a spray pipe fixedly connected to the bottom of each connecting plate.

[0008] Preferably, each of the spray pipes has a reserved opening at the bottom, and each of the spray pipes is rotatably connected to an inner pipe. Each of the inner pipes has multiple spray nozzles in the middle of its outer periphery, and each spray nozzle is configured with a different shape.

[0009] Preferably, stepper motors are installed at both ends of the inner spray pipe, and the driving ends of the stepper motors are fixedly connected to the ends of the inner pipe. The bottom of the top chamber has evenly distributed holes, and the bottom of each hole penetrates the top of the air inlet.

[0010] Preferably, a vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the liquid storage tank, and a guide plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder, and the guide plate has uniformly distributed filter holes.

[0011] Preferably, the upper part of the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder has evenly distributed openings, the top of the opening is fixedly connected to a speed reducer, the inside of the vertical cylinder is provided with an auger, the top of the auger is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the speed reducer, and a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the upper part of one side of the vertical cylinder, the discharge pipe is located at the lower part of one side of the spray chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the demisting chamber is equipped with multiple demisters, the top of the exhaust pipe is equipped with a condensation cone, the top of the condensation cone is equipped with a photovoltaic panel, and the outer side of the top of the exhaust pipe is provided with evenly distributed exhaust holes.

[0013] Preferably, a method for desulfurizing flue gas from a prebaked anode baking kiln includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Preparation and introduction of desulfurizing agent:

[0015] Start the pump chamber and draw limestone slurry through the external water supply device connected to its input end. Then, transport the limestone slurry to the storage tank through the feed pipe at the output end of the pump chamber until the slurry concentration in the storage tank reaches the working standard of 20%-30%.

[0016] S2. Flue gas introduction and initial purification:

[0017] S2.1 Open the flue gas passage of the firing kiln so that the flue gas enters the inlet through the inlet pipe;

[0018] S2.2 Simultaneously start the pump chamber, and transport part of the limestone liquid in the storage tank to the top chamber through the second water outlet pipe. Part of the liquid is sprayed directly into the air inlet through the hole at the bottom of the top chamber to intercept the initial high concentration of particulate impurities in the flue gas.

[0019] S2.3 Another part of the water enters the spray pipe through the connecting plate at the bottom of the top silo, and then flows into the inner pipe inside the spray pipe. Start the stepper motor at the end of the spray pipe to drive the inner pipe to rotate. Adjust the spray nozzles of different shapes on the outer circumference of the inner pipe to correspond with the reserved opening at the bottom of the spray pipe, so that the water forms an intercepting water curtain that is suitable for the dust content of the flue gas, and completes the initial desulfurization and dust removal of the flue gas.

[0020] S3, Deep desulfurization treatment:

[0021] S3.1. The flue gas, after initial purification, enters the spray chamber. The pump chamber is activated to divert the limestone liquid in the storage tank through the outlet pipe.

[0022] ① A portion of the water directly enters the ring frame and is sprayed through the nozzles at the top and bottom of the ring frame. The upper nozzles rinse the demister in the demister chamber and form a water film, while the lower nozzles rinse the equipment at the bottom of the spray chamber.

[0023] ② Another part of the water enters the hollow tube through the conduit and rotary joint in the middle of the outlet pipe. A part of the water flows into the spray head on the outer periphery of the hollow tube and forms a 360° water mist through the through hole on the outer periphery of the spray head. At the same time, the water is pressurized and sprayed through the second spray head in the middle of the spray head, which drives the spray head to rotate.

[0024] ③ Another part of the water flows into the nozzle around the hollow tube and is sprayed out at an angle through the nozzle to generate a reverse thrust, which drives the hollow tube to rotate around the rotary joint as a whole, forming a dynamic surrounding water mist, which fully contacts the flue gas floating in the spray chamber to complete the deep reaction of sulfur dioxide.

[0025] S4. Separation and recovery of calcium sulfite:

[0026] S4.1 The calcium sulfite generated by the reaction falls back to the guide plate at the top of the storage tank with the slurry. After being filtered through the filter holes on the guide plate, the water flows back to the storage tank for recycling. The calcium sulfite and impurities are guided by the guide plate and enter the vertical cylinder through the opening on the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder.

[0027] S4.2 When the hollow tube rotates, the reducer connected to its bottom starts synchronously, driving the auger in the vertical cylinder to rotate, conveying the calcium sulfite precipitate in the vertical cylinder upwards, and discharging it through the discharge pipe at the top of one side of the vertical cylinder, thus completing the recovery of calcium sulfite.

[0028] S5. Demisting and exhaust treatment:

[0029] S5.1 The flue gas that has undergone deep desulfurization continues to rise and passes through the demister in the demister chamber to remove water mist from the flue gas;

[0030] S5.2 Then the flue gas enters the exhaust stack, and the condensing cone at the top of the exhaust stack is activated to condense and dehydrate the flue gas; if the outside light is strong and the temperature is high, the photovoltaic panel at the top of the condensing cone absorbs light energy, and the inverter starts the semiconductor cooler inside the condensing cone to enhance the condensation effect. Finally, the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust port on the outside of the top of the exhaust stack.

[0031] S6. System Cycle and Maintenance:

[0032] Continuously monitor the slurry concentration in the storage tank and replenish limestone solution in a timely manner through the pump compartment; periodically flush the inner wall of the spray tank through the nozzles at the bottom of the ring frame to prevent slurry residue and scaling, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. Addressing the challenge of existing fixed-spray modes failing to handle flue gas with fluctuating dust content, this invention employs a graded adjustable water curtain interception component. Limestone slurry is drawn from the pump chamber and introduced into the storage tank, while simultaneously guiding the flue gas from the roasting furnace into the inlet. First, a preliminary interception water curtain is formed by spraying through the top chamber's pores, capturing impurities in the initial stage of flue gas (highest concentration, densest particles), solving the problem of incomplete initial purification in traditional desulfurization. Then, the correspondence between the spray nozzles and the reserved openings is adjusted via a rotatable inner tube, flexibly controlling the density of the interception water curtain. The water curtain is denser for high-dust-content flue gas and the water curtain spacing is optimized for low-dust-content flue gas, overcoming the limitations of poor adaptability of single spray parameters in existing technologies. This significantly improves the interception efficiency of particulate impurities under different operating conditions, ensuring stable initial desulfurization and dust removal effects.

[0035] 2. To address the problem in existing technologies where slurry residue remains on the inner wall of the equipment after spraying, and the demister is prone to scale buildup and blockage, leading to frequent system shutdowns for cleaning, this invention constructs a dual-function system of "equipment self-cleaning + demister synergy." Water is introduced into the ring frame and hollow pipe through the outlet pipe and conduit. The upper nozzle of the ring frame flushes the demister, preventing scale buildup and reduced efficiency. Furthermore, the water film remaining after flushing enhances secondary demisting of the rising gas, effectively improving the purity of the final discharged gas compared to existing technologies. Simultaneously, the lower nozzle flushes the equipment below the spray chamber, accelerating the return of the slurry mixture to the guide plate after reaction, preventing slurry adhesion and scale formation, reducing the frequency of equipment shutdowns for cleaning, extending the system's continuous operating time, and lowering maintenance costs.

[0036] 3. Addressing the shortcomings of existing wet desulfurization methods with fixed-direction spraying, which results in limited contact area between flue gas and water mist and insufficient sulfur dioxide reaction, this invention innovatively adopts a deep desulfurization structure. After the water enters the hollow tube through a rotary joint, part of it forms a 360° water mist without dead angles through the through holes around the spray head. The spray head is pressurized and driven to rotate, expanding the water mist coverage area by more than 3 times compared to fixed spraying. The other part is sprayed out through the nozzle at an angle, generating a counter-thrust that drives the entire hollow tube to rotate, allowing the water mist to form a dynamic surrounding interception net. This creates cross-flow contact with the continuously rising flue gas, significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact volume and reaction time. The sulfur dioxide removal rate is greatly improved compared to existing technologies, completely solving the technical problem of insufficient deep desulfurization.

[0037] 4. Addressing the problem in existing technologies where calcium sulfite accumulation leads to slurry concentration imbalance in the storage tank and necessitates frequent desulfurization agent replacement, this invention employs an automatic sedimentation and collection system with slurry recycling. The calcium sulfite generated during the reaction falls back onto a guide plate with the slurry. After filtration, the guide plate returns the filtered water to the storage tank for recycling. Calcium sulfite and impurities are concentrated in the vertical cylinder, preventing dilution of the desulfurization agent concentration within the storage tank. Simultaneously, as the hollow tube rotates, a reducer-driven auger automatically transports the calcium sulfite precipitate from the vertical cylinder upwards to the discharge pipe, eliminating the need for manual cleaning. This ensures stable desulfurization agent concentration in the storage tank for subsequent spraying effects and facilitates convenient calcium sulfite recovery. The desulfurization agent consumption is significantly reduced compared to existing technologies, alleviating the pressure on solid waste treatment.

[0038] 5. In view of the problems of existing technologies where exhaust stack condensation and dehydration rely on external power supply, have high energy consumption, and have reduced effectiveness under high temperature environment, this invention uses auxiliary semiconductor refrigeration condensation. After desulfurization, the gas enters the exhaust stack through a demister. The basic function of the condensation cone can reduce the water content of the exhaust to reduce subsequent water treatment consumption. Under high temperature and strong light environment, the photovoltaic panel at the top of the exhaust stack absorbs light energy and starts the semiconductor refrigeration inside the condensation cone through the inverter, which greatly improves the condensation efficiency compared with the traditional method. No additional power consumption is required, which meets the requirements of low carbon operation and is more suitable for actual industrial use scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a frontal perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of a prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the guide plate of the flue gas desulfurization device and method for prebaked anode calcining kiln of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the hollow pipe and spray head of a prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the spray head and two spray head locations of a prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure inside the air inlet of a prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure inside the top compartment of a prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the inner tube of a prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device and method according to the present invention.

[0047] 101. Spray chamber; 102. Demisting chamber; 103. Exhaust stack; 104. Exhaust port; 105. Water outlet pipe one; 106. Discharge pipe; 107. Feed pipe; 108. Pump chamber; 109. Air inlet pipe; 110. Top chamber; 111. Water outlet pipe two; 112. Guide plate; 113. Liquid storage chamber; 114. Vertical cylinder; 115. Opening; 116. Air inlet; 117. Through hole; 118. Nozzle one; 119. 120. Ring frame; 121. Demister; 122. Condenser cone; 123. Screw auger; 124. Spray pipe; 125. Hollow pipe; 126. Spray head; 127. Fixing plate; 128. Fixing ring; 129. Spray pipe; 130. Spray nozzle; 131. Reducer; 132. Spray head II; 133. Reserved port; 134. Rotary joint; 135. Guide tube; 136. Inner tube; 137. Connecting plate; 138. Hole. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0049] like Figures 1-8The device shown is a desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode calcining kiln, comprising a spray chamber 101, a demister chamber 102 installed at the top of the spray chamber 101, an exhaust stack 103 installed at the top of the demister chamber 102, a liquid storage chamber 113 installed at the bottom of the spray chamber 101, a pump chamber 108 installed on one side of the outer circumference of the liquid storage chamber 113, and an output end of the pump chamber 108 connected to a feed pipe 107, a first water outlet pipe 105, and a second water outlet pipe 111, respectively. A ring frame 119 is fixedly connected to the top of the first water outlet pipe 105, and the ring frame 119 is installed at the bottom of the demister chamber 102. Evenly distributed nozzles 118 are installed on both the upper and lower parts of the ring frame 119. A conduit 134 is fixedly connected to one side of the middle of the first water outlet pipe 105, and a rotary joint 133 is fixedly connected to the end of the conduit 134 away from the first water outlet pipe 105. A hollow tube 124 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the head 133. A fixing ring 127 is fixedly connected to the upper and lower parts of the spray chamber 101. A fixing plate 126 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing ring 127. The end of the fixing plate 126 away from the fixing ring 127 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotary joint 133. A spray pipe 123 is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer periphery of the hollow tube 124. A spray head 125 is provided between the upper and lower spray pipes 123. The spray head 125 is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the hollow tube 124. A through hole 117 is opened on the outer periphery of the spray head 125. A spray head 131 is installed on the middle of the outer periphery of the spray head 125. The spray head 131 is a necked spray head. The spray pipe 123 and the spray head 125 are connected to the inside of the hollow tube 124.

[0050] Furthermore, in specific implementation, after the water enters the hollow tube 124 through the rotary joint 133, it will further enter the spray head 125 and the nozzle 123. Some of the water will be sprayed out through the through holes 117 around the spray head 125, forming clusters of 360-degree water mist without dead angles. During this process, some of the water mist will be sprayed out after being pressurized through the second spray head 131, causing the spray head 125 to start rotating, which will cause each cluster of water mist to start rotating, thereby further improving the coverage and interception rate of the water mist. At the same time, some of the water will be sprayed out through the nozzle 123, thereby forming a counter-thrust in the tilt direction, which can drive the hollow tube 124 to rotate as a whole, causing each cluster of intercepted water mist to be driven to rotate around, continuously intercepting the continuously rising flue gas in the spray chamber 101, which is conducive to increasing the contact volume between the flue gas and the water mist, thereby enabling the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to fully react and complete the deep desulfurization treatment.

[0051] The top of the air inlet 116 is equipped with a top chamber 110, and the top of the top chamber 110 is equipped with a water outlet pipe 111. The bottom of the top chamber 110 is fixedly connected to a uniformly distributed connecting plate 136. The bottom of the connecting plate 136 is fixedly connected to a spray pipe 128. The bottom of the spray pipe 128 is provided with a reserved opening 132. The inside of the spray pipe 128 is rotatably connected to an inner pipe 135. The middle of the outer periphery of the inner pipe 135 is provided with multiple spray nozzles 129. Each spray nozzle 129 is set with a different shape. Stepper motors are installed on both sides of the spray pipe 128. The drive end of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to the end of the inner pipe 135. The bottom of the top chamber 110 is provided with uniformly distributed holes 137. The bottom of the holes 137 penetrates the top of the air inlet 116.

[0052] Furthermore, in specific implementation, limestone slurry can be drawn from the pump chamber 108 and introduced into the storage chamber 113 through the feed pipe 107. Simultaneously, the flue gas generated by the calcining furnace can be guided through the air inlet 109, allowing it to be introduced into the air inlet 116. The operation of the pump chamber 108 allows some limestone slurry to be introduced into the top chamber 110 through the outlet pipe 111. The slurry is then sprayed down through the opening 137 at the bottom of the top chamber 110, achieving spray treatment of the incoming flue gas. This directly intercepts residual particulate impurities in the flue gas. Simultaneously, the slurry inside the top chamber 110 can be drawn from the connecting plate 136 and introduced into the spray pipe 128. The spray pipe 128 can further guide the water into the inner pipe 135. The pressurized water can be sprayed down through the spray nozzle 129 at the bottom of the inner pipe 135, thereby forming multiple intercepting water curtains and flushing water flows inside the air inlet 116. The intercepting water curtains can achieve preliminary purification and desulfurization when the flue gas is most concentrated and condensed. At the same time, the operation of the motor at the end of the spray pipe 128 can drive the inner pipe 135 to rotate. The rotation of the inner pipe 135 can adjust the spray nozzles 129 corresponding to the reserved port 132. The fineness of the intercepting water curtain can be adjusted through different spray nozzles 129, which is beneficial for dealing with flue gas sections with different dust contents and improving the interception effect of particulate impurities in the flue gas.

[0053] The hollow tube 124 has a lower rotary joint 133 passing through its bottom. A reducer 130 is connected to the bottom of the hollow tube 124. A vertical cylinder 114 is fixedly connected to the middle of the liquid storage tank 113. A guide plate 112 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder 114. The guide plate 112 has evenly distributed filter holes. An evenly distributed opening 115 is opened on the upper part of the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder 114. A reducer 130 is fixedly connected to the top of the opening 115. An auger 122 is installed inside the vertical cylinder 114. The top of the auger 122 is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the reducer 130. A discharge pipe 106 is fixedly connected to the upper part of one side of the vertical cylinder 114. The discharge pipe 106 is located on the lower part of one side of the spray tank 101.

[0054] Furthermore, in specific implementation, the calcium sulfite generated after the reaction will fall back onto the guide plate 112 along with the sprayed slurry. The guide plate 112 can receive and filter the falling slurry, thereby leaving impurities and the generated calcium sulfite at the top of the guide plate 112, allowing the liquid to return to the storage tank 113. The guide plate 112 guides the calcium sulfite generated during the flue gas desulfurization process to be concentrated inside the vertical cylinder 114. During this process, when the hollow pipe 124 is sprayed... When the pipe 123 rotates, the reducer 130 drives the auger 122 inside the vertical cylinder 114 to rotate. The auger 122 can move the sediment inside the vertical cylinder 114 upward, so that the sediment in the vertical cylinder 114 can be carried into the discharge pipe 106. The discharge pipe 106 can discharge it out of the desulfurization tower, which is convenient for subsequent recovery work. This ensures that the continuously generated calcium sulfite will not affect the concentration of the liquid in the storage tank 113, and will not affect the subsequent extraction and spray desulfurization work.

[0055] The pump compartment 108 is connected to an external water supply device at its input end. The spray compartment 101 is equipped with an air inlet 116 on one side. The air inlet 116 is connected to an air inlet pipe 109 at its end. The air inlet pipe 109 is connected to a kiln flue gas passage at its end. The demisting compartment 102 is equipped with multiple demisters 120. The exhaust stack 103 is equipped with a condensing cone 121 at its top. A photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the condensing cone 121. The exhaust stack 103 has evenly distributed exhaust holes 104 on its outer side at the top.

[0056] Furthermore, in specific implementation, after the flue gas enters the spray chamber 101, it can be further sprayed through the ring frame 119 and spray head 125 inside the desulfurization tower. Water can be introduced into the ring frame 119 and hollow tube 124 through the water outlet pipe 105 and conduit 134. Spraying of the upper and lower spaces can be achieved through the spray heads 118 at the top and bottom of the ring frame 119. The upper spray head 118 sprays water to wash the upper demister 120, and the water temporarily remaining on the demister 120 can demist the rising gas, which helps improve the purity of the subsequently discharged gas. The water sprayed through the lower spray head 118 can wash the lower equipment, ensuring the reaction... The slurry mixture can quickly flow back to the guide plate 112, which is beneficial for continuous operation. After desulfurization, the gas will continue to rise after the water mist is removed by the demister 120 and enter the exhaust stack 103. The operation of the condensing cone 121 inside the exhaust stack 103 can realize the condensation and dehydration of the exhaust gas, thereby further reducing the water content of the exhaust gas and further reducing the consumption of treated water, which is beneficial for practical use. The photovoltaic panel at the top of the condensing cone 121 can absorb light energy when the external light is strong and the temperature is high, and start the semiconductor cooler inside the condensing cone 121 through the inverter to achieve further cooling of the condensing cone 121, improve the condensing effect of the condensing cone 121 at high temperature, which is beneficial for practical use.

[0057] One method for desulfurizing flue gas from a prebaked anode baking kiln includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Preparation and introduction of desulfurizing agent:

[0059] Start the pump chamber 108, and draw limestone water through the external water replenishment device connected to its input end. Then, through the feed pipe 107 at the output end of the pump chamber 108, the limestone water is transported to the storage tank 113 until the slurry concentration in the storage tank 113 reaches the working standard of 20%-30%.

[0060] S2. Flue gas introduction and initial purification:

[0061] S2.1 Open the flue gas passage of the firing kiln so that the flue gas enters the inlet 116 through the inlet pipe 109;

[0062] S2.2 Simultaneously start the pump compartment 108, and transport part of the limestone liquid in the storage compartment 113 to the top compartment 110 through the water outlet pipe 111. Part of the liquid is sprayed directly into the air inlet 116 through the hole 137 at the bottom of the top compartment 110 to intercept the initial high concentration of particulate impurities in the flue gas.

[0063] S2.3 Another part of the water enters the spray pipe 128 through the connecting plate 136 at the bottom of the top hopper 110, and then flows into the inner pipe 135 inside the spray pipe 128. The stepper motor at the end of the spray pipe 128 is started, which drives the inner pipe 135 to rotate. The spray nozzles 129 of different shapes on the outer periphery of the inner pipe 135 are adjusted to correspond with the reserved port 132 at the bottom of the spray pipe 128, so that the water forms an intercepting water curtain that is suitable for the dust content of the flue gas, and completes the initial desulfurization and dust removal of the flue gas.

[0064] S3, Deep desulfurization treatment:

[0065] S3.1 The flue gas, after initial purification, enters the spray chamber 101, and the pump chamber 108 is started to divert the limestone liquid in the storage chamber 113 through the outlet pipe 105:

[0066] ① A portion of the water directly enters the ring frame 119 and is sprayed through the nozzles 118 at the top and bottom of the ring frame 119. The upper nozzles 118 rinse the demister 120 in the demister chamber 102 and form a water film, while the lower nozzles 118 rinse the lower equipment of the spray chamber 101.

[0067] ② Another part of the water enters the hollow tube 124 through the conduit 134 and rotary joint 133 in the middle of the outlet pipe 105. A part of the water flows into the spray head 125 on the outer periphery of the hollow tube 124 and forms a 360° water mist through the through hole 117 on the outer periphery of the spray head 125. At the same time, the water is pressurized and sprayed through the spray head 131 in the middle of the spray head 125, driving the spray head 125 to rotate.

[0068] ③ Another part of the water flows into the nozzle 123 on the outer periphery of the hollow tube 124, and is sprayed out at an angle through the nozzle 123 to generate a reverse thrust, which drives the hollow tube 124 to rotate around the rotary joint 133 as a whole, forming a dynamic surrounding water mist, which fully contacts the flue gas floating in the spray chamber 101 to complete the deep reaction of sulfur dioxide.

[0069] S4. Separation and recovery of calcium sulfite:

[0070] S4.1 The calcium sulfite generated by the reaction falls back to the guide plate 112 at the top of the storage tank 113 with the slurry. After being filtered through the filter holes on the guide plate 112, the water flows back to the storage tank 113 for recycling. The calcium sulfite and impurities are guided by the guide plate 112 and enter the vertical cylinder 114 through the opening 115 on the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder 114.

[0071] S4.2 When the hollow tube 124 rotates, the reducer 130 connected to its bottom starts synchronously, driving the auger 122 in the vertical cylinder 114 to rotate, conveying the calcium sulfite precipitate in the vertical cylinder 114 upward, and discharging it through the discharge pipe 106 on the upper side of the vertical cylinder 114, thus completing the recovery of calcium sulfite.

[0072] S5. Demisting and exhaust treatment:

[0073] S5.1 The flue gas that has undergone deep desulfurization continues to rise and passes through the demister 120 in the demister chamber 102 to remove water mist from the flue gas;

[0074] S5.2 Then the flue gas enters the exhaust stack 103, and the condensing cone 121 at the top of the exhaust stack 103 is activated to condense and dehydrate the flue gas; if the outside light is strong and the temperature is high, the photovoltaic panel at the top of the condensing cone 121 absorbs light energy and the semiconductor cooler inside the condensing cone 121 is activated by the inverter to enhance the condensation effect. Finally, the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust port 104 on the outside of the top of the exhaust stack 103.

[0075] S6. System Cycle and Maintenance:

[0076] The concentration of slurry in the storage tank 113 is continuously monitored, and limestone water is replenished in a timely manner through the pump tank 108. The inner wall of the spray tank 101 is periodically flushed through the nozzle 118 at the bottom of the ring frame 119 to prevent slurry residue from forming scale and to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0077] Working principle:

[0078] In practical use, limestone slurry can be drawn from the pump chamber 108 and introduced into the storage chamber 113 through the feed pipe 107. Simultaneously, the flue gas generated by the calcining furnace can be guided through the air inlet 109, allowing it to be introduced into the air inlet 116. The operation of the pump chamber 108 allows some limestone slurry to be introduced into the top chamber 110 through the outlet pipe 111. The slurry is then sprayed down through the opening 137 at the bottom of the top chamber 110, achieving spray treatment of the incoming flue gas and directly intercepting residual particulate impurities. Simultaneously, the slurry inside the top chamber 110 can be drawn from the connecting plate 136 and introduced into the spray pipe 128, where the slurry is further... The water is introduced into the inner tube 135 and sprayed down through the spray nozzles 129 at the bottom of the inner tube 135. This forms multiple intercepting water curtains and flushing water flows inside the air inlet 116. The intercepting water curtains achieve preliminary purification and desulfurization when the flue gas is most concentrated. Simultaneously, the motor at the end of the spray pipe 128 drives the inner tube 135 to rotate. This rotation adjusts the spray nozzles 129 corresponding to the reserved opening 132, allowing for adjustment of the fineness of the intercepting water curtain. This is beneficial for handling flue gas sections with varying dust content and improving the interception effect of particulate impurities in the flue gas. After the flue gas enters the spray chamber 101, it passes through the desulfurization tower... The ring frame 119 and spray head 125 can further perform spraying operations. Water can be introduced into the ring frame 119 and hollow tube 124 through the water outlet pipe 105 and the conduit 134. The spray head 118 at the top and bottom of the ring frame 119 can spray the upper and lower spaces. The water sprayed by the upper spray head 118 can wash the upper demister 120. At the same time, the water temporarily left on the demister 120 can demister the floating gas, which helps to improve the purity of the subsequently discharged gas. The water sprayed by the lower spray head 118 can wash the lower equipment, so that the reacted slurry mixture can flow back to the guide plate 112 as soon as possible, which is conducive to continuous operation. The water enters the middle through the rotary joint 133. After passing through the hollow tube 124, the water further enters the spray head 125 and the nozzle 123. Some of the water is sprayed out through the through-holes 117 around the spray head 125, forming clusters of 360-degree water mist. During this process, some of the water mist is pressurized and sprayed out through the second spray head 131, causing the spray head 125 to rotate. This causes the water mist clusters to rotate, further improving the coverage and interception rate of the water mist. At the same time, some water is sprayed out through the nozzle 123, creating a counter-thrust in the tilting direction, which drives the hollow tube 124 to rotate as a whole. This causes the intercepting water mist clusters to rotate in a circular motion, continuously intercepting the continuously rising flue gas in the spray chamber 101, which helps to increase the contact volume between the flue gas and the water mist.This allows sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to fully react, completing deep desulfurization. The calcium sulfite generated after the reaction falls back onto the guide plate 112 along with the sprayed slurry. The guide plate 112 receives and filters the falling slurry, leaving impurities and the generated calcium sulfite at the top of the guide plate 112, allowing the liquid to return to the storage tank 113. The guide plate 112 guides the calcium sulfite generated during the flue gas desulfurization process to be concentrated inside the vertical cylinder 114. During this process, when the hollow tube 124 is rotated by the spray pipe 123, the reducer 130 drives the auger 122 inside the vertical cylinder 114 to rotate. The auger 122 moves the sediment inside the vertical cylinder 114 upward, allowing the sediment in the vertical cylinder 114 to be carried into the discharge pipe 106. Unit 106 can guide the gas out of the desulfurization tower for easy subsequent recovery, ensuring that the continuously generated calcium sulfite does not affect the concentration of the water in the storage tank 113, thus affecting subsequent extraction and spray desulfurization. After desulfurization, the gas, after passing through the demister 120 to remove water mist, will continue to rise and enter the exhaust stack 103. The condensing cone 121 inside the exhaust stack 103 condenses and dehydrates the exhaust gas, further reducing its water content and water consumption, which is beneficial for practical use. The photovoltaic panel at the top of the condensing cone 121 absorbs sunlight when the ambient temperature is high and the inverter activates the semiconductor cooler inside the condensing cone 121, further cooling the condensing cone and improving its condensation efficiency at high temperatures, which is also beneficial for practical use.

[0079] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode calcining kiln, comprising a spray chamber (101), characterized in that: A demisting chamber (102) is installed on the top of the spray chamber (101), and an exhaust pipe (103) is installed on the top of the demisting chamber (102). A liquid storage chamber (113) is installed at the bottom of the spray chamber (101). A pump chamber (108) is installed on one side of the outer circumference of the liquid storage chamber (113). The output end of the pump chamber (108) is connected to an inlet pipe (107), a first outlet pipe (105), and a second outlet pipe (111), respectively. The input end of the pump chamber (108) is... An external water supply device is connected. A ring frame (119) is fixedly connected to the top of the water outlet pipe (105). The ring frame (119) is installed at the bottom of the demister chamber (102). The ring frame (119) is equipped with evenly distributed nozzles (118) on both the upper and lower parts. A conduit (134) is fixedly connected to one side of the middle of the water outlet pipe (105). A rotary joint (133) is fixedly connected to the end of the conduit (134) away from the water outlet pipe (105). A hollow tube (124) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotary joint (133). A fixing ring (127) is fixedly connected to both the upper and lower parts of the spray chamber (101). Evenly distributed fixing plates (126) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing ring (127). The ends of the fixing plates (126) away from the fixing ring (127) are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotary joint (133). Evenly distributed nozzles are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer periphery of the hollow tube (124). The pipe (123) is provided with a spray head (125) between the upper and lower spray pipes (123). The spray head (125) is rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the hollow pipe (124). The outer periphery of the spray head (125) is provided with uniformly distributed through holes (117). The middle part of the outer periphery of the spray head (125) is provided with uniformly distributed nozzles (131). The spray pipe (123) and the spray head (125) are connected to the inside of the hollow pipe (124).

2. The flue gas desulfurization device for a prebaked anode roasting kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet (116) is installed on one side of the spray chamber (101), and an air inlet pipe (109) is connected to the end of the air inlet (116). The end of the air inlet pipe (109) is connected to the flue gas passage of the roasting kiln.

3. The desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode roasting kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hollow tube (124) passes through the lower rotary joint (133), and a speed reducer (130) is connected to the bottom of the hollow tube (124).

4. The desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode roasting kiln according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet (116) is equipped with a top chamber (110), the top chamber (110) is equipped with a water outlet pipe (111), the bottom of the top chamber (110) is fixedly connected with evenly distributed connecting plates (136), and the bottom of each connecting plate (136) is fixedly connected with a spray pipe (128).

5. The desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode roasting kiln according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the spray pipes (128) has a reserved opening (132) at the bottom. Each of the spray pipes (128) is rotatably connected to an inner tube (135). Each of the inner tubes (135) has multiple spray nozzles (129) in the middle of its outer periphery. Each spray nozzle (129) is configured with a different shape.

6. The desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode roasting kiln according to claim 5, characterized in that: Stepper motors are installed on both sides of the spray pipe (128). The driving ends of the stepper motors are fixedly connected to the ends of the inner pipe (135). The bottom of the top chamber (110) is provided with evenly distributed holes (137). The bottom of each hole (137) penetrates the top of the air inlet (116).

7. The desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode roasting kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical cylinder (114) is fixedly connected to the middle of the liquid storage tank (113), and a guide plate (112) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder (114). The guide plate (112) has uniformly distributed filter holes.

8. The prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper part of the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder (114) has evenly distributed openings (115). A speed reducer (130) is fixedly connected to the top of the opening (115). An auger (122) is installed inside the vertical cylinder (114). The top of the auger (122) is fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the speed reducer (130). A discharge pipe (106) is fixedly connected to the upper part of one side of the vertical cylinder (114). The discharge pipe (106) is located on the lower part of one side of the spray chamber (101).

9. The desulfurization device for flue gas from a prebaked anode roasting kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The demisting chamber (102) is equipped with multiple demisters (120), the top of the exhaust pipe (103) is equipped with a condensation cone (121), the top of the condensation cone (121) is equipped with a photovoltaic panel, and the top of the exhaust pipe (103) is provided with evenly distributed exhaust holes (104).

10. A method for desulfurizing flue gas from a prebaked anode calcining kiln, applied to the prebaked anode calcining kiln flue gas desulfurization device described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Preparation and introduction of desulfurizing agent: Start the pump chamber (108), and draw limestone water through the external water supply device connected to its input end. Then, through the feed pipe (107) at the output end of the pump chamber (108), the limestone water is transported to the storage tank (113) until the slurry concentration in the storage tank (113) reaches the working standard of 20%-30%. S2. Flue gas introduction and initial purification: S2.1 Open the flue gas passage of the kiln so that the flue gas enters the inlet (116) through the inlet pipe (109). S2.2 Simultaneously start the pump compartment (108) to transport part of the limestone liquid in the storage compartment (113) to the top compartment (110) through the second water outlet pipe (111). Part of the liquid is sprayed directly into the air inlet (116) through the hole (137) at the bottom of the top compartment (110) to intercept the initial high concentration of particulate impurities in the flue gas. S2.3 Another part of the water enters the spray pipe (128) through the connecting plate (136) at the bottom of the top hopper (110), and then flows into the inner pipe (135) inside the spray pipe (128). The stepper motor at the end of the spray pipe (128) is started, which drives the inner pipe (135) to rotate. The spray nozzles (129) of different shapes on the outer periphery of the inner pipe (135) are adjusted to correspond with the reserved port (132) at the bottom of the spray pipe (128), so that the water forms an intercepting water curtain that is suitable for the dust content of the flue gas, and completes the initial desulfurization and dust removal of the flue gas. S3, Deep desulfurization treatment: S3.

1. The flue gas after initial purification enters the spray chamber (101), and the pump chamber (108) is started to divert the limestone liquid in the storage chamber (113) through the outlet pipe (105): ① A portion of the water directly enters the ring frame (119) and is sprayed through the nozzles (118) at the top and bottom of the ring frame (119). The upper nozzle (118) washes the demister (120) in the demister chamber (102) and forms a water film, while the lower nozzle (118) washes the equipment at the bottom of the spray chamber (101). ② Another part of the water enters the hollow tube (124) through the conduit (134) and rotary joint (133) in the middle of the outlet pipe (105). A part of the water flows into the spray head (125) on the outer periphery of the hollow tube (124), and forms a 360° water mist through the through hole (117) on the outer periphery of the spray head (125). At the same time, the water is pressurized and sprayed through the spray head (131) in the middle of the spray head (125), driving the spray head (125) to rotate. ③ Another part of the water flows into the nozzle (123) on the outer periphery of the hollow tube (124), and is sprayed out at an angle through the nozzle (123) to generate a reverse thrust, which drives the hollow tube (124) to rotate around the rotary joint (133) as a whole, forming a dynamic surrounding water mist, which fully contacts the flue gas floating in the spray chamber (101) to complete the deep reaction of sulfur dioxide. S4. Separation and recovery of calcium sulfite: S4.1 The calcium sulfite generated by the reaction falls back to the guide plate (112) at the top of the storage tank (113) with the slurry. After being filtered through the filter holes on the guide plate (112), the water flows back to the storage tank (113) for recycling. The calcium sulfite and impurities are guided by the guide plate (112) and enter the vertical cylinder (114) through the opening (115) on the outer periphery of the vertical cylinder (114). S4.2 When the hollow tube (124) rotates, the reducer (130) connected to its bottom starts synchronously, driving the auger (122) in the vertical cylinder (114) to rotate, conveying the calcium sulfite precipitate in the vertical cylinder (114) upward, and discharging it through the discharge pipe (106) on the upper side of the vertical cylinder (114) to complete the recovery of calcium sulfite. S5. Demisting and exhaust treatment: S5.1 The flue gas after deep desulfurization continues to rise and passes through the demister (120) in the demister chamber (102) to remove water mist from the flue gas; S5.2 Then the flue gas enters the exhaust stack (103), and the condenser cone (121) at the top of the exhaust stack (103) is activated to condense and dehydrate the flue gas; if the outside light is strong and the temperature is high, the photovoltaic panel at the top of the condenser cone (121) absorbs light energy, and the semiconductor cooler inside the condenser cone (121) is activated by the inverter to enhance the condensation effect. Finally, the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust hole (104) on the outside of the top of the exhaust stack (103); S6. System Cycle and Maintenance: The concentration of slurry in the storage tank (113) is continuously monitored, and limestone water is replenished in a timely manner through the pump tank (108). The inner wall of the spray tank (101) is regularly flushed through the nozzle (118) at the bottom of the ring frame (119) to avoid slurry residue and scaling, and to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system.

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