Multi-color fiber environment-friendly extrusion production equipment and production process thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of extrusion molding, in particular to a multi-color fiber environment-friendly extrusion production equipment and production process thereof, the equipment comprises a rear-end extruder and a front-end extrusion box connected through a feeding pipe, the front-end extrusion box comprises an extrusion head seat, a surrounding guide cover, a primary combination seat and a final combination seat in sequence, the extrusion head seat is used for extruding materials to the outside to form a melt wire, the surrounding guide cover is provided with air pipe assemblies on both sides to guide the aggregation of the extruded melt wires, the primary combination seat is used for receiving and guiding the aggregated melt wires into the final combination seat, and the final combination seat is used for guiding the aggregated melt wires to be formed into a single wire, the rear-end extruder supplies melt bodies of various colors, the melt bodies are respectively extruded through the extrusion head seat, three melt wires of respective colors enter the surrounding guide cover, the hot air flow of the surrounding guide cover drives the melt wires to intersect to form three-color side-by-side aggregated melt wires in a melt state with a preliminary wire shape, and the three-color side-by-side aggregated melt wires are driven by the air flow of the primary combination seat and the final combination seat and are tightened to be aggregated, so that three-color side-by-side yarns with clear boundaries are formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of extrusion molding, specifically to an environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment and its production process for multi-colored fibers. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of extrusion molding equipment in the field of polyester fiber yarn, the demand for multi-colored yarn is also gradually increasing. In the existing technology, multi-colored yarn is usually obtained by blending and dyeing processes. Blending is to mix and spin yarn of multiple colors, but such yarn has unclear visual boundaries and multiple colors are mixed together in a messy way. The dyeing process dyes the yarn in sections to give the yarn different colors, but this process separates the yarn in the length direction and cannot form a situation where multiple colors are clearly separated and arranged side by side. In addition, dyeing causes a lot of pollution to the environment.

[0003] Existing technologies include multi-component production processes, such as the Chinese invention patent application CN115354404A entitled "A Spinning Box, Spinning Device and Spinning Drafting and Winding Combined Machine," in which the two-component materials are mixed together in the extrusion head before extrusion. Another example is the Chinese invention patent application CN110129905A entitled "A Three-Component Parallel Composite Fiber Spinning Assembly," in which the three components converge at the extrusion port and are extruded together. It is clear that existing multi-component spinning technologies only require the mixing of three materials to form yarn. Since all three materials are white, the degree of mixing does not affect their appearance. Therefore, existing technologies either involve mixed extrusion or co-extrusion. However, during co-extrusion, all materials are in a molten state, leading to irregular fusion upon contact. This makes traditional methods unsuitable for multi-colored yarns arranged side-by-side, resulting in poor color representation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment and process for multi-color fibers, comprising a rear extruder and a front extrusion box mounted on a support assembly, wherein the rear extruder and the front extrusion box are connected by a feed pipe; the rear extruder includes a machine body, an extrusion cavity disposed within the machine body for material passage, and an extrusion screw rotatably mounted within the extrusion cavity, wherein the first section of the extrusion cavity is provided with a feed hopper and the last section is connected to the feed pipe; the front extrusion box sequentially includes a metering pump assembly, an extrusion head seat, a guide shroud, a primary closing seat, and a final closing seat in the extrusion process.

[0005] The metering pump assembly includes a metering pump body and a transfer pipe. The inlet of the metering pump body is connected to the feed pipe. The extrusion head is fixedly mounted on the support assembly. The extrusion head includes several inner cavities, which are symmetrically distributed within the extrusion head. The outlet of the metering pump assembly is connected to the inner cavity through the transfer pipe. The inner cavity is provided with a filter layer, a guide plate, and an extrusion plate from top to bottom. The extrusion plate has extrusion holes for material to be extruded to the outside to form molten wires. The extrusion head has heating rods between the inner cavities. The side of the guide cover is provided with air pipe assemblies to guide the several molten wires extruded from the extrusion head to coalesce. The initial coalescence seat is used to receive and guide the polymerized molten wires into the final coalescence seat. The final coalescence seat is used to guide the polymerized molten wires to form monofilaments. The front extrusion box also includes a switching mechanism mounted on the support assembly. Several initial coalescence seats are provided and mounted on the switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is used to drive the initial coalescence seats to be replaced.

[0006] Furthermore, the guide shroud is fixedly installed at the bottom of the extrusion head seat and surrounds to form a guide cavity. The air pipe assembly is connected to an external air supply device. The air pipe assembly supplies hot air to the middle of the guide cavity on both sides of the guide shroud. The air pipe assembly includes an upper supporting air pipe and a lower guide pipe arranged sequentially downwards. At least two upper supporting air pipes and lower guide pipes are provided at the same horizontal height on one side of the guide shroud. The upper supporting air pipes or lower guide pipes adjacent to each other on the same side are located on the front and rear sides of the guide shroud and form an acute angle. The upper supporting air pipes and lower guide pipes supply air to guide the extruded molten wire from the extrusion head seat to converge in the middle of the guide cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the acute angle formed by the upper air tube and the central axis of the guide cover is greater than the acute angle formed by the lower guide tube and the central axis of the guide cover; the axes of the upper air tube or the lower guide tube adjacent on the same side have an intersection point in the guide cavity, and the intersection point is located between the extension line of the extrusion hole axis in the guide cavity and the inner wall of the guide cover on the adjacent side.

[0008] Therefore, the initial engagement seat includes an engagement seat and a receiving seat covering the engagement seat. The top of the receiving seat is used to contact the guide cover. The receiving seat has a recessed receiving groove and a first guide hole in the middle. The engagement seat has a vertical second guide hole and communicates with the first guide hole. An airflow guide groove is provided between the receiving seat and the engagement seat. The top of the airflow guide groove communicates with the outside of the engagement seat and with the air supply mechanism. The airflow guide groove is inclined, extending from a high point on the outside of the engagement seat to a low point in the middle of the engagement seat. The airflow guide groove forms an air intake slot between the first and second guide holes; the switching mechanism includes a switching frame, with several initial connection seats arranged around the switching frame, and a supply plate nested on the connection seat as an air supply mechanism; the support group includes a first column, and the supply plate is slidably nested on the first column; the initial connection seat is replaced by lifting and rotating through the switching mechanism; the supply plate is provided with a cutting component, and the cutting component includes a telescopic cutting plate for cutting the fuse at the bottom of the guide cover.

[0009] Furthermore, the rising initial engagement seat drives the supply plate to rise and engage with it. The first column is provided with a limiting ring to limit the supply plate as it falls due to loss of support from the initial engagement seat. The supply plate has a central hole in the middle and an air supply groove is arranged around the central hole. The guiding engagement seat is embedded in the central hole. The air supply groove is connected to an external air supply device to supply hot air to the guiding engagement seat. The support group includes a second column. The shifting mechanism also includes a lifting frame that slides and nests on the second column and a shifting motor mounted on the lifting frame. The bottom of the shifting frame is provided with a lower support frame. The shifting motor is connected to the lower support frame to drive the shifting frame to rotate. The shifting mechanism also includes a first lifting driver to drive the lifting frame to move up and down on the second column.

[0010] Furthermore, an eccentric gear is provided on the outer side of the engagement seat, and the axis of the eccentric gear is not collinear with the axis of the engagement seat. A drive gear is rotatably provided in the middle of the shifting frame, and a drive motor is provided on the shifting frame and connected to the drive gear. The drive gear meshes with the eccentric gear to drive the initial engagement seat to rotate around the axis of the eccentric gear. The distance between the central axis of the receiving seat and the central axis of the eccentric gear is greater than the radius of the first lead hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the final assembly seat has a side connecting frame at its side end and is slidably mounted on the first column via the side connecting frame. The final assembly seat includes an extrusion seat and a lower lead-out cover nested below the extrusion seat. The extrusion seat has a third lead-out hole and communicates with the second lead-out hole. A heating rod is provided inside the extrusion seat. The final assembly seat also includes a second lifting driver for driving the final assembly seat to move up and down on the first column. A lead-out pipe extends downward from the bottom of the extrusion seat. An ejection cavity is provided in the area surrounding the lead-out pipe of the lower lead-out cover. An ejection air pipe is provided inside the ejection cavity. The ejection air pipe is connected to an external air supply device to provide ejection airflow to the ejection cavity. A lower opening pipe extends downward from the ejection cavity. A tightening section with a diameter smaller than that of the lower opening pipe is provided between the ejection cavity and the lower opening pipe. The horizontal height of the tightening section is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom end of the lead-out pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the front and rear sides of the holding plate are provided with outwardly extending side plates, and the cutting assembly is provided in two sets and fixedly mounted on the side plates facing each other. The cutting assembly includes a support frame and an electromagnetic push rod mounted on the support frame. The cutting plate is fixedly mounted on the electromagnetic push rod and moves under the drive of the electromagnetic push rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a pump motor is fixedly installed at the top of the metering pump body, and a mounting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the metering pump body. The top of the extrusion head seat has a mounting groove at the opening of the inner cavity. The bottom of the mounting frame has a flat surface and covers the mounting groove to cover the opening of the inner cavity. The material transfer pipe is connected to the bottom of the mounting frame and communicates with the inner cavity.

[0014] This invention provides an environmentally friendly extrusion production process for multi-colored fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Input polyester fiber raw materials of various colors into the back-end extruder. The back-end extruder heats the raw materials and melts them into a melt, which is then extruded into the feed pipe. The metering pump set quantitatively extracts the melt and supplies it into the extrusion head seat. Specifically, the metering pump body is driven by the pump body motor, and the two internal gears pump the melt into the extrusion head seat and transmit it to the inner cavity of the extrusion head seat through the transfer pipe.

[0016] Step 2: The melt enters the inner cavity of the extruder head. The extruder head is heated to 250°C-310°C by a heating rod to keep the melt in a molten state. The metering pump provides pressure to make the melt flow downward through the filter layer, and then enter the extrusion plate through the guide plate. The melt is then extruded downward through the extrusion hole to form a molten wire.

[0017] Step 3: Three molten wires are extruded from three extrusion holes into the guide shroud. The air pipe assemblies on both sides of the guide shroud provide hot airflow at a temperature lower than that of the extrusion head. Specifically, the upper air pipe supports the molten wires that have just been extruded from the extrusion head, matching the descent of the molten wires with the inclined inner cavity. The lower guide pipe mainly guides the molten wires to converge towards the center, causing the molten wires on both sides to tilt towards the center in a molten state that initially has a wire shape, and converge and merge above the initial converging seat to form three-colored parallel polymerized molten wires.

[0018] Step four: The polymerized filament enters the initial sealing seat. The initial sealing seat provides airflow to drive the polymerized filament downward and further shrink and polymerize it. Specifically, the sealing seat is fitted with the holding plate. The holding plate provides hot airflow with a temperature lower than that of the extruder head seat to the airflow guide groove, so that the airflow flows through the air inlet groove towards the second lead hole. Because the airflow velocity is high and the pressure is low at the second lead hole, it drives the airflow above the first lead hole to move downward, allowing the filament to pass through the first lead hole and the second lead hole more effectively. After further shrinking and polymerizing in the second lead hole, it passes through and enters the final sealing seat below.

[0019] Step 5: The polymerized filament enters the final sealing chamber. The final sealing chamber is heated to a temperature lower than that of the extruder head. After further shrinkage and polymerization in the final sealing chamber, it is pulled downward by the airflow. Specifically, the ejector pipe is connected to an external air supply device to provide room temperature ejector airflow to the ejector chamber. The ejection increases the flow velocity at the tightening section, thereby driving the polymerized filament in the ejector pipe to be pulled out, allowing the formed three-color parallel polymerized filament to be discharged from the lower open pipe.

[0020] When the fuse wire sticks and skips inside the guide cover, causing some fuse wire to accumulate in the receiving groove and fail to fuse properly, the following steps are included:

[0021] The first step involves reducing the air supply in the initial and final contact seats. The drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, causing the initial contact seat to rotate around the axis of the eccentric gear. This causes the first lead hole in the receiving groove to deviate from the downward position of the polymerized molten wire, allowing the inner wall of the receiving groove of the receiving seat to contact the vertically downward polymerized molten wire. The molten wire coils in the receiving groove to seal the first lead hole. At the same time, the downward movement of the molten wire and the weak airflow in the initial and final contact seats cause the molten wire below the first lead hole to break.

[0022] In the second step, the first and second lifting drivers work, respectively driving the lifting frame and the final closing seat to descend. The supply plate also descends. The cutting component on the supply plate drives the cutting plates on both sides to approach the fuse in the middle through the electromagnetic push rods on both sides. At the same time, the shifting motor works to drive the shifting frame to rotate, allowing the next clean initial closing seat to move under the guide cover.

[0023] The third step involves the extrusion head maintaining extrusion during the replacement of the initial coupling seat and the rising of the initial and final coupling seats. The increased airflow in the lower guide pipe causes the polymerization position of the three fuses to move upward. Regardless of the polymerization effect, a polymerized fuse is formed at the upper position first. After the initial coupling seat is replaced and rises, it is directly driven by the airflow inside the initial coupling seat and enters the initial coupling seat, thus better coping with the replacement process and ensuring stable output.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention supplies melts of various colors through a rear extruder, and the metering pump group in the front extrusion box supplies the melts to the extrusion head for separate extrusion. The three melt wires of their respective colors enter the guide shroud. Driven by the hot airflow in the guide shroud, the melt wires on both sides, in a molten state with a preliminary filament shape, tilt towards the melt wire in the middle, which also has a preliminary filament shape. They converge and merge above the initial merging seat to form three-color parallel polymerized melt wires. Then, driven by the airflow in the initial merging seat and the final merging seat, and further tightened and polymerized, three-color parallel yarns with clear boundaries are formed.

[0026] Furthermore, this invention includes a series of initial bonding seats on the switching mechanism. When the molten wire sticks and skips inside the guide cover, causing some of the molten wire to accumulate in the receiving groove and fail to fuse properly, the switching mechanism drives the initial bonding seats to rotate, allowing the inner wall of the receiving groove of the receiving seat to contact the vertically downward-firing molten wire. This allows the molten wire to coil in the receiving groove and seal the first lead hole. Simultaneously, the downward movement of the molten wire and the weak airflow in the initial and final bonding seats cause the molten wire below the first lead hole to break. Subsequently, the switching mechanism drives the initial bonding seats to automatically replace, and the spinning operation continues. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment and a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the filament shape.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rear extruder and the front extrusion box of the present invention mounted on the support assembly.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front extrusion box structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the extrusion head, metering pump set, and guide shield of the present invention, as well as a partial top view of the air pipe assembly inside the guide shield.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooperation between the guide cover, the initial assembly seat, the shifting mechanism and the supply plate of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the feeding plate, the cutting assembly, and the guide cover of the present invention, as well as a partial side view of the cutting assembly in operation.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the initial assembly seat, the supply plate, and the shifting mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the initial assembly seat and the supply plate of the present invention, as well as a partial orthogonal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the airflow guide groove and the air intake groove.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state transition of the initial coupling seat driven by the switching mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the initial and final mating seats of the present invention, and a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the final mating seat.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Rear extruder; 2. Support assembly; 3. Front extrusion box; 4. Feed pipe;

[0038] 11. Machine body; 12. Extrusion motor; 13. Extrusion chamber; 14. Heating unit; 15. Extrusion screw; 21. Base frame; 22. High-position support; 23. Low-position support; 24. First column; 25. Second column; 26. Limiting ring; 31. Extrusion head seat; 32. Metering pump set; 33. Guide shroud; 34. Heating rod; 35. Initial closing seat; 36. Changing mechanism; 37. Feeding plate; 38. Final closing seat; 39. Cutting assembly;

[0039] 311. Inner cavity; 312. Filter layer; 313. Guide plate; 314. Extrusion plate; 315. Mounting groove; 321. Metering pump body; 322. Pump motor; 323. Transfer pipe; 324. Mounting bracket; 331. Guide cavity; 332. Upper air support pipe; 333. Lower guide pipe; 351. Receiver; 352. Lead-in seat; 353. Eccentric gear; 361. Shifting frame; 362. Snap ring; 363. Drive gear 364. Lower support frame; 365. Drive motor; 366. Lifting frame; 367. Positioning motor; 368. First lifting driver; 371. Central hole; 372. Air supply slot; 373. Stepped ring; 374. Side extension plate; 381. Extrusion seat; 382. Lower lead-out hood; 383. Injector air pipe; 384. Side connecting frame; 385. Second lifting driver; 391. Cutting plate; 392. Electromagnetic push rod; 393. Elevation frame;

[0040] 314a, Extrusion hole; 351a, Receiving groove; 351b, First lead hole; 352a, Second lead hole; 352b, Airflow guide groove; 352c, Inlet groove; 381a, Third lead hole; 381b, Outlet pipe; 382a, Ejection cavity; 382b, Lower opening pipe; 382c, Tightening section. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Examples, such as Figures 1-10 As shown: This invention provides an environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment for multi-color fibers, including a rear extruder 1 and a front extrusion box 3 mounted on a support assembly 2. The support assembly 2 is frame-shaped and has a base frame 21 structure in the middle. The rear extruder 1 and the front extrusion box 3 are connected by a feeding pipe 4. In this embodiment, the rear extruder 1 is provided with three extruders and supplies materials to one front extrusion box 3. The three raw materials are respectively fed into the rear extruder 1 for hot melting into a fluid state, and then fed into the front extrusion box 3 for filament extrusion. The front extrusion box 3 extrudes three-color filaments with clear color boundaries, without the need for subsequent dyeing operations, thus avoiding the pollution generated by dyeing.

[0043] For the rear extruder 1, the support assembly 2 includes a base frame 21. The rear extruder 1 includes a body 11, an extrusion chamber 13 located inside the body 11 for material to pass through, and an extrusion screw 15 rotatably installed inside the extrusion chamber 13. An extrusion motor 12 is provided at the rear end of the body 11 to drive the extrusion screw 15 to rotate. The body 11 is fixedly installed on the base frame 21. The first section of the extrusion chamber 13 is provided with a feed bin, and the end is connected to the feed pipe 4. A heating part 14 is provided around the outside of the extrusion chamber 13. In the prior art, the heating part 14 can be set as an electric heating module. By heating with electricity, the material in the extrusion chamber 13 is melted, and the material is extruded into the feed pipe 4 by the extrusion screw 15.

[0044] For the front-end extrusion box 3, after the material comes out of the feed pipe 4, it enters the top-down extrusion process. The front-end extrusion box 3 includes five parts in the extrusion process: metering pump group 32, extrusion head seat 31, surrounding guide shroud 33, initial converging seat 35 and final converging seat 38. The metering pump group 32 outputs the melt supplied in the feed pipe 4 in a quantitative manner and outputs it into the extrusion head seat 31. The extrusion head seat 31 extrudes the three materials into molten wires, which are gathered under the guidance of the surrounding guide shroud 33 and then successively aggregated through the initial converging seat 35 and the final converging seat 38 to finally form filaments with distinct color boundaries.

[0045] The first part is that the metering pump set 32 ​​is provided with three sets, including metering pump body 321 and transfer pipe 323. The inlet of metering pump body 321 is connected to the feed pipe 4. The top of metering pump body 321 is fixedly installed with pump motor 322 for driving metering pump body 321. In this embodiment, metering pump body 321 adopts gear pump. The bottom of metering pump body 321 is fixedly installed with mounting bracket 324. The three metering pump bodies 321 are fixedly installed on the top of extruder head seat 31 through mounting bracket 324. The outlet of metering pump set 32 ​​is connected to extruder head seat 31 through transfer pipe 323.

[0046] The second part involves the extrusion head 31, which is fixedly mounted on the support assembly 2. The support assembly 2 includes a beam-shaped high-level support 22. The extrusion head 31 includes a laterally extending locking pin that allows it to be placed and fixed on the high-level support 22. The extrusion head 31 includes several inner cavities 311. In this embodiment, it includes three inner cavities 311, divided into left, middle, and right cavities. The inner cavities 311 on both sides are inclined. The central axes of the three inner cavities 311 intersect below the extrusion head 31. The middle inner cavity 311 is located at the center of the extrusion head 31. It should be noted that the inner cavities 311 in use are symmetrically distributed within the extrusion head 31; that is, if only two are in use, they are the left and right cavities. The headstock 31 has a heating rod 34 between the inner cavities 311 to maintain the melting state of the melt in the inner cavity 311. The inner cavity 311 is provided with a filter layer 312, a guide plate 313 and an extrusion plate 314 from top to bottom. The filter layer 312 is filled with metal sand for melt spinning to filter out impurities. There are two guide plates 313 and through holes are provided on the guide plates 313. The number of through holes decreases from top to bottom of the two guide plates 313 to gradually reduce the large cross section of the filter cavity to the extrusion plate 314. The extrusion plate 314 is provided with extrusion holes 314a to allow the material to be extruded to the outside to form a molten wire. The extrusion temperature varies depending on the material and is basically between 250°C and 310°C.

[0047] The top of the extrusion head seat 31 has an installation groove 315 at the opening of the inner cavity 311. The three inner cavities 311 have three installation grooves 315 for installing the metering pump set 32. The bottom of the mounting frame 324 has a flat surface and covers the installation groove 315 to cover the opening of the inner cavity 311, so that the mounting frame 324 also serves as part of the cover plate structure of the extrusion head seat 31. The material transfer pipe 323 is connected to the bottom of the mounting frame 324 and communicates with the inner cavity 311.

[0048] The third part is that the guide cover 33 is fixedly fitted and installed at the bottom of the extrusion head seat 31 and surrounds and forms the guide cavity 331. The two sides of the extrusion head seat 31 are inclined and the bottom width is smaller than the top width. The two sides of the fitted guide cover 33 are also inclined and tightened towards the bottom. The guide cover 33 is provided with air pipe assemblies on both sides to guide the several molten wires extruded by the extrusion head seat 31 to converge. The air pipe assembly is connected to an external air supply device. The air pipe assembly supplies hot air to the middle of the guide cavity 331 on both sides of the guide cover 33. If it is connected to a heat pump, or a heating device is installed in the external air supply pipeline to heat the airflow so that the airflow entering the guide cover 33 reaches the required temperature.

[0049] The air tube assembly includes an upper air tube 332 and a lower guide tube 333 arranged sequentially downwards. At least two upper air tubes 332 and lower guide tubes 333 are provided on the left or right side of the enclosure 33 at the same horizontal height. In this embodiment, two are provided. The upper air tubes 332 or lower guide tubes 333 adjacent on the same side are located on the front and rear sides of the enclosure 33 and form an acute angle between them. The upper air tubes 332 and lower guide tubes 333 supply air to guide the extruder head seat 31 to extrude the drooping molten wire to converge in the middle of the guide cavity 331, and the molten wire is kept in a softened state by hot air.

[0050] It should be noted that the acute angle formed by the upper air support tube 332 and the central axis of the guide cover 33 is greater than the acute angle formed by the lower guide tube 333 and the central axis of the guide cover 33. Thus, the upper air support tube 332 supports the molten wire that has just been extruded from the extrusion head seat 31, so that the descent of the molten wire matches the inclined inner cavity 311, and the lower guide tube 333 mainly guides the molten wire to converge towards the center. Furthermore, the axes of adjacent upper air support tubes 332 or lower guide tubes 333 on the same side have an intersection point in the guide cavity 331. The intersection point is located between the extension line of the axis of the extrusion hole 314a in the guide cavity 331 and the inner wall of the guide cover 33 on the adjacent side, so that the converged airflow can better guide and support the molten wire.

[0051] The fourth part is the initial bonding seat 35, which is used to receive and guide the polymerized molten wire into the final bonding seat 38. As the initial component for the molten wire to enter after polymerization, the initial bonding seat 35 includes components to support the molten wire in case of running or sticking, and components to shrink and extrude the molten wire with a good degree of polymerization. During shrinking and extrusion, it also provides force to the rear end of the molten wire. Since the molten wire is still in a molten state, if it sticks to the wall after initially entering the initial bonding seat 35, the initial bonding seat 35 needs to be disassembled and replaced. However, even if the initial bonding seat 35 is coated with an anti-stick coating, it cannot prevent the molten wire from running and accumulating on the initial bonding seat 35. Therefore, several initial bonding seats 35 are provided and installed on the switching mechanism 36. The switching mechanism 36 is used to drive the initial bonding seat 35 to be replaced.

[0052] The initial engagement seat 35 includes an engagement seat 352 and a receiving seat 351 covering the engagement seat 352. The top of the receiving seat 351 is used to contact the guide cover 33. The receiving seat 351 has a recessed receiving groove 351a and a first guide hole 351b in the middle. The engagement seat 352 has a vertical second guide hole 352a that communicates with the first guide hole 351b. The top diameter of the second guide hole 352a is equal to that of the first guide hole 351b, and the second guide hole 352a gradually narrows downwards with a bottom diameter smaller than the top diameter. After the receiving seat 351 covers the engagement seat 352, an airflow guide groove 352b is provided between the two. The top of the airflow guide groove 352b is connected to the guide cover 352. The outer side of the connecting seat 352 is connected to the gas supply mechanism. The airflow guide groove 352b is inclined from the high point on the outer side of the connecting seat 352 to the low point in the middle of the connecting seat 352. The airflow guide groove 352b forms an air inlet groove 352c between the first lead hole 351b and the second lead hole 352a. The external gas supply mechanism provides hot airflow to the airflow guide groove 352b so that the airflow flows through the air inlet groove 352c toward the second lead hole 352a. Since the airflow velocity is high and the pressure is low at the second lead hole 352a, it drives the airflow above the first lead hole 351b to move downward, so that the fuse can pass through the first lead hole 351b and the second lead hole 352a better.

[0053] The switching mechanism 36 includes a switching frame 361, with several initial fitting seats 35 arranged around the switching frame 361. The support group 2 includes a second column 25 vertically fixed on the base frame 21. The switching mechanism 36 also includes a lifting frame 366 slidably nested on the second column 25 and a switching motor 367 mounted on the lifting frame 366. The bottom of the switching frame 361 is provided with a lower support frame 364. The switching motor 367 is connected to the lower support frame 364 to drive the switching frame 361 to perform a switching rotation. The switching mechanism 36 also includes a cylinder-type first lifting driver 368, which is installed between the base frame 21 and the lifting frame 366 to drive the lifting frame 366 to move up and down on the second column 25. The initial fitting seats 35 are replaced by lifting and rotating through the switching mechanism 36.

[0054] Because replacement and repositioning are required, it is inconvenient to install a heating structure inside the initial connection seat 35, and it is also inconvenient to replace the gas supply structure along with the initial connection seat 35. Therefore, in this embodiment, a gas supply plate 37 is nested on the connection seat 352 as an external gas supply mechanism. The frame structure of the support group 2 includes a low-position support 23, on which a first column 24 is fixedly mounted. The gas supply plate 37 is slidably nested on the first column 24. The rising initial connection seat 35 drives the gas supply plate 37 to rise and embed into contact with the gas supply plate 37, thereby allowing the gas supply plate 37 to supply gas to the initial connection seat 35. After the initial assembly seat 35 descends, the supply plate 37 also descends due to loss of support. The first column 24 is provided with a limiting ring 26 to limit the supply plate 37 that descends after losing the support of the initial assembly seat 35, so as to avoid excessive descent that may cause interference when the initial assembly seat 35 is repositioned. At the same time, the supply plate 37 is provided with a cutting assembly 39. The cutting assembly 39 includes a telescopic cutting plate 391 for cutting the fuse at the bottom of the guide cover 33. The cutting plate 391 is coated with a non-stick coating, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating, which can maintain its working state at the extrusion temperature of the extrusion head seat 31.

[0055] The supply plate 37 has a central hole 371 in its middle, and an air supply groove 372 surrounds the central hole 371. A stepped ring 373 is provided within the central hole 371 for nesting and engaging with the connecting seat 352. The connecting seat 352 is embedded in the stepped ring 373 within the central hole 371 and moves the stepped ring 373 and the supply plate 37 when it rises. The air supply groove 372 is connected to an external air supply device to supply hot air to the connecting seat 352. The supply plate 37 has air supply channels on its front and rear sides. The side extension plate 374 extends outward. The cutting assembly 39 has two sets and is fixedly installed on the side extension plate 374 facing each other. The cutting assembly 39 includes a support frame 393 and an electromagnetic push rod 392 installed on the support frame 393. The cutting plate 391 is fixedly installed on the electromagnetic push rod 392 and is driven by the electromagnetic push rod 392 to move. The electromagnetic push rod 392 is an electromagnet that can perform rapid extension and retraction. The operation of the electromagnets on both sides drives the cutting plates 391 on both sides to approach and cut the fuse in the middle.

[0056] The fifth part, the final bonding seat 38, is used to guide the polymerized molten wire to be further compacted and formed into a monofilament. In conjunction with the rear end push of the initial bonding seat 35, the final bonding seat 38 generates a force to pull the molten wire away from its end. The final bonding seat 38 includes an extrusion seat 381 and a lower lead-out cover 382 nested below the extrusion seat 381. The extrusion seat 381 has a third lead-out hole 381a connected to a second lead-out hole 352a. The diameter of the top end of the third lead-out hole 381a is the same as that of the second lead-out hole 352a. The third lead-out hole 381a gradually narrows downwards, with the diameter at the bottom end being smaller than the diameter at the top end. A heating rod 34 is provided inside the extrusion seat 381 for heating the extrusion seat 381. A lead-out tube 381b extends downwards from the bottom of the extrusion seat 381. The area surrounding the outlet pipe 381b in the lower outlet cover 382 is provided with an ejector cavity 382a. An ejector air pipe 383 is provided in the ejector cavity 382a. The ejector air pipe 383 is connected to an external air supply device to provide ejector airflow to the ejector cavity 382a. The ejector cavity 382a extends downward to provide a lower open pipe 382b. Between the ejector cavity 382a and the lower open pipe 382b, there is a tightening section 382c with a diameter smaller than that of the lower open pipe 382b. The horizontal height of the tightening section 382c is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom end of the outlet pipe 381b. By ejection, the flow velocity at the tightening section 382c is increased, thereby driving the filament of the outlet pipe 381b to be pulled away. The ejector air pipe 383 can supply room temperature airflow.

[0057] The final assembly seat 38 is provided with a side connecting frame 384 and is slidably mounted on the first column 24 through the side connecting frame 384. The final assembly seat 38 also includes a cylinder-type second lifting drive 385 for driving the final assembly seat 38 to move up and down on the first column 24. When the initial assembly seat 35 is lowered for replacement, the final assembly seat 38 also lowers to avoid it.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an eccentric gear 353 is provided on the outer side of the engagement seat 352. The axis of the eccentric gear 353 is not collinear with the axis of the engagement seat 352. A retaining ring 362 is provided on the shifting frame 361. The retaining ring 362 engages with the eccentric gear 353 and allows the eccentric gear 353 to retain the freedom to rotate around the axis. The initial engagement seat 35 is engaged with the shifting frame 361 through the eccentric gear 353. A drive gear 363 is rotatably provided in the middle of the shifting frame 361. A drive motor 365 is provided in the lower support frame 364 on the shifting frame 361 and is connected to the drive gear 363. The drive gear 363 meshes with the eccentric gear 353 to drive the initial engagement seat 35 to rotate around the axis of the eccentric gear 353.

[0059] It should be noted that the distance between the central axis of the receiving seat 351 and the central axis of the eccentric gear 353 is greater than the radius of the first lead hole 351b. This allows the inner wall of the receiving groove 351a of the receiving seat 351 to contact the vertically downward-facing polymerized fusible wire when the initial assembly seat 35 rotates. The fusible wire then coils in the receiving groove 351a to seal the first lead hole 351b. Then, air continues to be supplied from below to break the fusible wire below the first lead hole 351b, thus avoiding any impact on the lower mechanism during replacement.

[0060] This embodiment provides an environmentally friendly extrusion production process for multi-color fibers, including the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Polyester fiber raw materials of various colors are fed into the back-end extruder 1. The back-end extruder 1 heats the raw materials and melts them into a melt, which is then extruded into the feed pipe 4. The metering pump group 32 quantitatively extracts the melt and supplies it into the extrusion head seat 31. Specifically, the metering pump body 321 is driven by the pump body motor 322, and the two gears inside pump the melt into the extrusion head seat and transmit it to the inner cavity of the extrusion head seat through the transfer pipe 323.

[0062] Step 2: The melt enters the inner cavity 311 of the extrusion head seat 31. The extrusion head seat 31 is heated to 250°C-310°C by the heating rod 34 to keep the melt in a molten state. The metering pump group 32 provides pressure to make the melt flow downward through the filter layer 312 and then enter the extrusion plate 314 through the guide plate 313. The melt is extruded downward through the extrusion hole 314a to form a molten wire.

[0063] Step 3: Three molten wires are extruded from the three extrusion holes 314a into the guide shroud 33. The air pipe assemblies on both sides of the guide shroud 33 provide hot air flow with a temperature lower than that of the extrusion head seat 31. Specifically, the upper air pipe 332 supports the molten wire that has just been extruded from the extrusion head seat 31, so that the descent of the molten wire matches the inclined inner cavity 311. The lower guide pipe 333 mainly guides the molten wire to converge towards the center, causing the molten wires on both sides to tilt towards the center in a molten state with a preliminary filament shape, and converge and merge above the initial converging seat 35 to form three-colored parallel polymerized molten wires.

[0064] Step four: The polymerized filament enters the initial sealing seat 35. The initial sealing seat 35 provides airflow to drive the polymerized filament downward and further shrink and polymerize it. Specifically, the sealing seat 352 is fitted with the holding plate 37. The holding plate 37 provides hot airflow with a temperature lower than that of the extruder seat 31 to the airflow guide groove 352b, so that the airflow flows through the air inlet groove 352c towards the second lead hole 352a. Since the airflow velocity is high and the pressure is low at the second lead hole 352a, it drives the airflow above the first lead hole 351b to move downward, allowing the filament to pass through the first lead hole 351b and the second lead hole 352a better. After further shrinking and polymerizing in the second lead hole 352a, it passes through and enters the final sealing seat 38 below.

[0065] Step 5: The polymerized filament enters the final sealing seat 38. The final sealing seat 38 is heated to a temperature lower than that of the extrusion head seat 31. After further shrinkage and polymerization in the final sealing seat 38, it is pulled downward by the airflow. Specifically, the ejector pipe 383 is connected to an external air supply device to provide a normal temperature ejector airflow to the ejector chamber 382a. The ejection increases the flow velocity at the tightening section 382c, thereby driving the polymerized filament in the outlet pipe 381b to be pulled out, allowing the formed three-color parallel polymerized filament to be discharged from the lower opening pipe 382b.

[0066] When the molten wire sticks and skips inside the guide cover 33, causing some of the molten wire to accumulate in the receiving groove 351a and fail to fuse properly, the following steps are included:

[0067] In the first step, the air supply in the initial coupling seat 35 and the final coupling seat 38 is reduced. The drive motor 365 drives the drive gear 363 to rotate, causing the initial coupling seat 35 to rotate around the axis of the eccentric gear 353. This causes the first lead hole 351b in the receiving groove 351a to deviate from the downward position of the polymerized molten wire. This allows the inner wall of the receiving groove 351a of the receiving seat 351 to contact the vertically downward polymerized molten wire, causing the molten wire to coil in the receiving groove 351a and seal the first lead hole 351b. At the same time, the downward movement of the molten wire and the weak airflow in the initial coupling seat 35 and the final coupling seat 38 cause the molten wire below the first lead hole 351b to break.

[0068] In the second step, the first lifting driver 368 and the second lifting driver 385 work, respectively driving the lifting frame 366 and the final closing seat 38 to descend. The holding plate 37 also descends. The cutting component 39 on the holding plate 37 drives the cutting plates 391 on both sides to approach the fuse in the middle through the electromagnetic push rods 392 on both sides. At the same time, the shifting motor 367 works to drive the shifting frame 361 to rotate, so that the next clean initial closing seat 35 moves to the bottom of the guide cover 33.

[0069] Third, during the replacement of the initial coupling seat 35 and the rising of the initial coupling seat 35 and the final coupling seat 38, the extrusion head seat 31 continues to extrude, and the air force of the lower guide pipe 333 increases, causing the polymerization position of the three fuses to move upward. Regardless of the polymerization effect, a polymerized fuse is first formed at the upper position. After the initial coupling seat 35 is replaced and rises, it is directly driven by the airflow inside the initial coupling seat 35 and enters the initial coupling seat 35, thereby better coping with the replacement process and ensuring stable output.

[0070] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment, characterized in that: It includes a rear extruder and a front extrusion box mounted on a support assembly, wherein the rear extruder and the front extrusion box are connected by a feed pipe; The rear extruder includes a machine body, an extrusion chamber disposed within the machine body for material to pass through, and an extrusion screw rotatably mounted within the extrusion chamber. The first section of the extrusion chamber is provided with a feed bin, and the last section is connected to a feed pipe. The front-end extrusion box includes, in sequence, a metering pump set, an extrusion head seat, a guide shroud, a primary closing seat, and a final closing seat in the extrusion process. The metering pump set includes a metering pump body and a transfer pipe. The inlet of the metering pump body is connected to the feed pipe. The extrusion head is fixedly mounted on the support assembly. The extrusion head includes several inner cavities. The inner cavities in use are symmetrically distributed within the extrusion head. The outlet of the metering pump assembly is connected to the inner cavity through a transfer pipe. The inner cavity is provided with a filter layer, a guide plate, and an extrusion plate from top to bottom. The extrusion plate is provided with extrusion holes for material to be extruded to the outside to form a molten wire. The extrusion head is provided with heating rods between the inner cavities. The guide hood is provided with air pipe assemblies on both sides to guide the aggregation of several molten wires extruded from the extrusion head seat. The initial bonding seat is used to receive and guide the polymerized molten wires into the final bonding seat. The final bonding seat is used to guide the polymerized molten wires to form monofilaments. The front-end extrusion box also includes a shifting mechanism on the support assembly. Several initial coupling seats are provided and installed on the shifting mechanism. The shifting mechanism is used to drive the initial coupling seats to be replaced.

2. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding guide cover is fixedly installed at the bottom of the extrusion head seat and surrounds to form a guide cavity. The air pipe assembly is connected to an external air supply device, and the air pipe assembly supplies hot air to the middle of the guide cavity on both sides of the surrounding guide cover. The air tube assembly includes an upper supporting air tube and a lower guiding tube arranged sequentially downwards. At least two upper supporting air tubes and lower guiding tubes are provided at the same horizontal height on one side of the enclosure. The upper supporting air tubes and the lower guiding tubes adjacent to each other on the same side are located on the front and rear sides of the enclosure and form an acute angle. The upper supporting air tubes and the lower guiding tubes supply air to guide the extruder head seat to extrude the drooping filament to converge in the middle of the guiding cavity.

3. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acute angle formed by the upper air tube and the central axis of the surrounding guide shield is greater than the acute angle formed by the lower guide tube and the central axis of the surrounding guide shield. The axes of the adjacent upper air tube and the adjacent lower guide tube on the same side have an intersection point in the guide cavity. The intersection point is located between the extension line of the extrusion hole axis in the guide cavity and the inner wall of the guide cover on the adjacent side.

4. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The initial engagement seat includes an engagement seat and a receiving seat covering the engagement seat. The top of the receiving seat is used to fit and contact with the surrounding guide cover. The receiving seat has a recessed receiving groove and a first guide hole in the middle. The engagement seat has a vertical second guide hole and is connected to the first guide hole. An airflow guide groove is provided between the receiving seat and the connecting seat. The top of the airflow guide groove is connected to the outside of the connecting seat and to the air supply mechanism. The airflow guide groove is inclined from the high point of the outside of the connecting seat to the low point of the middle of the connecting seat. The airflow guide groove forms an air inlet groove between the first and second leading holes. The switching mechanism includes a switching frame, with several initial connection seats arranged around the switching frame. A supply plate is nested on the initial connection seat as a gas supply mechanism. The support group includes a first column, and the supply plate is slidably nested on the first column. The initial connection seat is replaced by lifting, lowering, and rotating through the switching mechanism. The supply plate is provided with a cutting component, which includes a telescopic cutting plate for cutting the fuse at the bottom of the guide cover.

5. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rising initial engagement seat drives the supply plate to rise and engages with the supply plate. The first column is provided with a limiting ring to limit the supply plate that falls after losing the support of the initial engagement seat. The supply plate has a central hole in the middle and an air supply groove is arranged around the central hole. The engagement seat is embedded in the central hole. The air supply groove is connected to an external air supply device to supply hot air to the engagement seat. The support assembly includes a second column, and the repositioning mechanism further includes a lifting frame that is slidably nested on the second column and a repositioning motor installed on the lifting frame. The bottom of the repositioning frame is provided with a lower support frame, and the repositioning motor is connected to the lower support frame to drive the repositioning frame to rotate. The repositioning mechanism also includes a first lifting driver to drive the lifting frame to move up and down on the second column.

6. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: An eccentric gear is provided on the outer side of the engagement seat. The axis of the eccentric gear is not collinear with the axis of the engagement seat. A drive gear is rotatably provided in the middle of the shift frame. A drive motor is provided on the shift frame and connected to the drive gear. The drive gear meshes with the eccentric gear to drive the initial engagement seat to rotate around the axis of the eccentric gear. The distance between the central axis of the receiving seat and the central axis of the eccentric gear is greater than the radius of the first pilot hole.

7. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The final assembly seat is provided with a side connecting frame at its side end and is slidably mounted on the first column through the side connecting frame. The final assembly seat includes a merging seat and a lower lead-out cover nested below the merging seat. The merging seat is provided with a third lead hole and communicates with the second lead hole. A heating rod is provided inside the merging seat. The final assembly seat also includes a second lifting driver for driving the final assembly seat to move up and down on the first column. The bottom of the extrusion seat extends downward and is provided with an outlet pipe. The area around the outlet pipe by the lower outlet cover is provided with an ejection cavity. An ejection air pipe is provided in the ejection cavity. The ejection air pipe is connected to an external air supply device to provide ejection airflow to the ejection cavity. The ejector cavity extends downwards and is provided with a lower opening tube. Between the ejector cavity and the lower opening tube, there is a tightening section with a diameter smaller than that of the lower opening tube. The horizontal height of the tightening section is lower than the horizontal height of the bottom end of the ejector tube.

8. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the holding plate are provided with outwardly extending side plates. The cutting assembly is provided in two sets and fixedly installed on the side plates facing each other. The cutting assembly includes a support frame and an electromagnetic push rod installed on the support frame. The cutting plate is fixedly installed on the electromagnetic push rod and moves under the drive of the electromagnetic push rod.

9. The multi-color fiber environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pump motor is fixedly installed at the top of the metering pump body, and a mounting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the metering pump body. The top of the extrusion head seat has a mounting groove at the opening of the inner cavity. The bottom of the mounting frame has a flat surface and covers the mounting groove to cover the opening of the inner cavity. The material transfer pipe is connected to the bottom of the mounting frame and communicates with the inner cavity.

10. A production process for multi-colored fibers, using the environmentally friendly extrusion production equipment for multi-colored fibers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Input polyester fiber raw materials of various colors into the back-end extruder. The back-end extruder heats the raw materials and melts them into a melt, which is then extruded into the feed pipe. The metering pump group quantitatively extracts the melt and supplies it into the extrusion head seat. Step 2: The melt enters the inner cavity of the extruder head. The extruder head is heated to 250°C-310°C by a heating rod to keep the melt in a molten state. The metering pump provides pressure to make the melt flow downward through the filter layer, and then enter the extrusion plate through the guide plate. The melt is then extruded downward through the extrusion hole to form a molten wire. Step 3: Three molten wires are extruded from three extrusion holes into the guide shroud. The air pipe assemblies on both sides of the guide shroud provide hot airflow at a temperature lower than that of the extrusion head seat, which drives the molten wires on both sides to tilt towards the center in a molten state with an initial filament shape, and they converge and merge above the initial fusion seat to form three-colored parallel polymerized molten wires. Step four: The polymerized filament enters the initial bonding seat. The initial bonding seat provides airflow to drive the polymerized filament downward and further shrinks and polymerizes it. After further shrinking and polymerizing through the second lead hole, it passes through and enters the final bonding seat below. Step 5: The polymerized filament enters the final assembly seat. The final assembly seat is heated and its temperature is lower than that of the extruder head seat. After further shrinkage and polymerization in the final assembly seat, it is pulled downward by the airflow, which plays a pulling role in the extraction of the polymerized filament in the lead tube, allowing the formed three-color parallel polymerized filament to be discharged from the lower opening tube. When the fuse wire sticks and skips inside the guide cover, causing some fuse wire to accumulate in the receiving groove and fail to fuse properly, the following steps are included: The first step involves reducing the air supply in the initial and final contact seats. The drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, causing the initial contact seat to rotate around the axis of the eccentric gear. This causes the first lead hole in the receiving groove to deviate from the downward position of the polymerized molten wire, allowing the inner wall of the receiving groove of the receiving seat to contact the vertically downward polymerized molten wire. The molten wire coils in the receiving groove to seal the first lead hole. At the same time, the downward movement of the molten wire and the weak airflow in the initial and final contact seats cause the molten wire below the first lead hole to break. In the second step, the first and second lifting drivers work, respectively driving the lifting frame and the final closing seat to descend. The supply plate also descends. The cutting component on the supply plate drives the cutting plates on both sides to approach the fuse in the middle through the electromagnetic push rods on both sides. At the same time, the shifting motor works to drive the shifting frame to rotate, allowing the next clean initial closing seat to move under the guide cover. The third step involves the extrusion head maintaining extrusion during the replacement of the initial coupling seat and the rising of the initial and final coupling seats. The increased airflow in the lower guide pipe causes the aggregation position of the three fuses to move upward, forming a single aggregated fuse. After the initial coupling seat is repositioned and rises, the fuse is directly driven by the airflow inside the initial coupling seat and enters the initial coupling seat.

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