Wind turbine generator blade protective film material, preparation method thereof and wind turbine generator blade

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine generator blade protection, and discloses a wind turbine generator blade protective film material, a preparation method thereof and a wind turbine generator blade. A rough structure with a preset pattern is arranged on the surface of the polyurethane base material; the rough structure of the preset pattern is square micro-nano structures which are arranged in an array and are sequentially overlapped, and each square micro-nano structure is obtained by performing laser micromachining on the surface of the polyurethane base material once or twice; wherein after one-time or two-time laser micromachining is carried out on the surface of the polyurethane base material, a plurality of micron-sized protruding units are formed on the surface of the polyurethane base material, and the surface of each micron-sized protruding unit is covered with a nano-sized groove network in a staggered mode; the preparation process is simple and efficient, the surface microstructure of the polyurethane base material only needs to be changed through a laser micromachining means, no coating needs to be added or no chemical composition needs to be changed, and the advantages of being low in cost and environmentally friendly are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of wind turbine blade protection, and particularly relates to a wind turbine blade protection film material, a preparation method thereof and a wind turbine blade. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key device for converting wind energy into electrical energy, wind turbines play a crucial role in the energy structure. Wind turbine blades are the core components for capturing wind energy, and their design shape is repeatedly optimized to ensure efficient conversion of wind energy into mechanical energy at different wind speeds.

[0003] However, in cold regions or winter, icing phenomenon easily occurs on the surface of the blade. Icing changes the original aerodynamic shape of the blade, destroys the aerodynamic characteristics of the blade surface, increases the air flow resistance, and reduces the lift, resulting in reduced wind energy captured by the blade at the same wind speed, and thus reducing the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. Secondly, after the blade ices, the additional ice layer mass changes the center of gravity of the blade, increases the centrifugal force of the blade during rotation, and causes hub cracks or main shaft bending failures. In addition, ice shedding poses a serious threat to the equipment and personnel around the wind turbine.

[0004] Currently, most of the deicing technologies for wind turbine blades use electric heating, mechanical deicing, and chemical deicing. However, the above deicing technologies generally cannot effectively solve the icing phenomenon of wind turbine blades. Specifically, although the existing electric heating deicing is widely used, it has high energy consumption, complex installation and maintenance of heating elements, and difficulty in ensuring heating uniformity. Mechanical deicing is prone to damage to the blade structure, has low efficiency, and is more difficult in severe weather. Chemical deicing is prone to environmental pollution and corrosion of blade materials, and is inconvenient to operate and has high cost. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the technical problems of the existing wind turbine blade deicing technology that cannot effectively solve the icing phenomenon of wind turbine blades, the present application provides a wind turbine blade protection film material, a preparation method thereof and a wind turbine blade.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: The present application provides a wind turbine blade protection film material, which comprises a polyurethane base material; the surface of the polyurethane base material is provided with a rough structure with a preset pattern; The rough structure with a preset pattern is a square micro-nano structure arranged in an array and overlapped in sequence, and each square micro-nano structure is obtained by laser micro-machining the surface of the polyurethane base material once or twice; Wherein, after one or two times of laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material, a plurality of micron-sized convex units are formed on the surface of the polyurethane base material, and the surface of each micron-sized convex unit is staggeredly covered with a nanoscale groove network.

[0007] Further, the process of one time of laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material to obtain the square micro-nano structure comprises: A preset laser beam is used to perform surface scanning treatment on a preset area of the surface of the polyurethane base material.

[0008] Further, the process of two times of laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material to obtain the square micro-nano structure comprises: A first preset laser beam is used to perform surface scanning treatment on a preset area of the surface of the polyurethane base material, and then a second preset laser beam is used to perform line scanning treatment on the preset area of the surface of the polyurethane base material; wherein, when the line scanning treatment is performed, the path of the line scanning is arranged in a cross shape.

[0009] Further, the polyurethane base material is a polyurethane elastomer, and the thickness of the polyurethane base material is 1-2 mm.

[0010] The application also provides a preparation method of the wind turbine blade protection film material, comprising the following steps: The polyurethane roll material is pretreated to obtain a polyurethane base material; The surface of the polyurethane base material is subjected to one or two times of laser micro-processing treatment to form a rough structure with a preset pattern on the surface of the polyurethane base material, thereby obtaining the wind turbine blade protection film material.

[0011] Further, the process of pretreating the polyurethane roll material to obtain the polyurethane base material comprises: The protective film of the polyurethane roll material is removed to obtain a polyurethane roll material with the protective film removed; The polyurethane roll material with the protective film removed is cut according to a preset processing size and shape to obtain a cut polyurethane roll material; The cut polyurethane roll material is cleaned and dried to obtain the polyurethane base material.

[0012] Further, the process of cleaning and drying the cut polyurethane roll material to obtain the polyurethane base material comprises: The cut polyurethane roll material is cleaned with deionized water for 5-10 min, and then dried at 40-60 DEG C to obtain the polyurethane base material.

[0013] Further, the process of performing one laser microprocessing on the surface of the polyurethane base material to obtain the square micro-nano structure comprises: The surface of the preset region of the polyurethane base material is subjected to surface scanning treatment by using a preset laser beam; wherein the preset laser beam is ultraviolet picosecond laser.

[0014] Further, the process of performing two laser microprocessings on the surface of the polyurethane base material to obtain the square micro-nano structure comprises: The surface of the preset region of the polyurethane base material is subjected to surface scanning treatment by using a first preset laser beam, and then subjected to line scanning treatment by using a second preset laser beam; wherein when the line scanning treatment is performed, the path of the line scanning is arranged in a cross shape; the first preset laser beam and the second preset laser beam are both ultraviolet picosecond laser.

[0015] The application further provides a wind turbine blade, comprising a blade body and a protective film material arranged on the surface of the blade body; wherein the protective film material arranged on the surface of the blade body is the wind turbine blade protective film material.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: The wind turbine blade protective film material and the preparation method thereof provided by the application can form a rough structure with a preset pattern by performing one or two laser microprocessings on the surface of the polyurethane base material, so as to endow the polyurethane base material with super-hydrophobicity and anti-icing performance, can interfere with the adhesion and condensation process of water droplets on the surface of the blade, reduce the formation of ice layer on the surface of the blade, help to maintain the aerodynamic shape of the blade, and ensure the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine; specifically, the surface micro-morphology of the polyurethane base material is regulated by using square micro-nano structures arranged in an array and overlapped in sequence, so as to change the surface roughness of the polyurethane base material; the super-hydrophobicity is realized by improving the surface roughness of the polyurethane base material and the low surface energy characteristic of the polyurethane base material; at the same time, the square micro-nano structures formed by laser microprocessing can significantly reduce the actual contact area of liquid droplets on the surface of the polyurethane base material, effectively delay the icing time, and reduce the adhesion strength of the ice layer, so as to significantly improve the anti-icing performance of the material; the preparation process of the application is simple and efficient, only the surface microstructure of the polyurethane base material needs to be changed by laser microprocessing, without adding any coating or changing the chemical composition, so that the advantages of low cost and green environmental protection are realized.

[0017] The wind turbine blade provided by the application has all the advantages of the wind turbine blade protective film material and the preparation method thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the laser scanning path when performing surface scanning on the preset region of the surface of the polyurethane substrate in Example 1; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the laser scanning path when performing line scanning on the preset region of the surface of the polyurethane substrate in Example 5; Figure 3 A three-dimensional micro-morphology diagram of the square micro-nano structure in Example 1; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the contact angle of the polyurethane substrate without laser micro-machining treatment; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the contact angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 1 at room temperature; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the rolling angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 1 at room temperature; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the water droplet icing process on the surface of the polyurethane substrate without laser micro-machining treatment; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the water droplet icing process on the surface of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 1; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the contact angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 2 at room temperature; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the rolling angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 2 at room temperature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present application more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, and are not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] The application provides a wind turbine blade protection film material, comprising a polyurethane base material; a preset pattern of rough structures is arranged on the surface of the polyurethane base material; the preset pattern of rough structures is square micro-nano structures arranged in an array and sequentially overlapped, each square micro-nano structure is obtained by performing laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material once or twice; wherein after performing laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material once or twice, a plurality of micron-level convex units are formed on the surface of the polyurethane base material, and the surface of each micron-level convex unit is covered with a nanometer-level groove network.

[0022] Optionally, in the process of performing laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material once to obtain the square micro-nano structures, the following process is adopted: a preset laser beam is used to perform area scanning treatment on a preset area of the surface of the polyurethane base material.

[0023] Optionally, in the process of performing laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material twice to obtain the square micro-nano structures, the following process is adopted: a first preset laser beam is used to perform area scanning treatment on a preset area of the surface of the polyurethane base material; then, a second preset laser beam is used to perform line scanning treatment on the preset area of the surface of the polyurethane base material; wherein when the line scanning treatment is performed, the path of line scanning is arranged in a cross shape.

[0024] The application further provides a preparation method of the wind turbine blade protection film material, comprising the following steps: Step 100, pretreatment is performed on a polyurethane roll material to obtain a polyurethane base material. Specifically, a protective film of the polyurethane roll material is removed to obtain a polyurethane roll material with the protective film removed; the polyurethane roll material with the protective film removed is cut according to preset processing size and shape to obtain a cut polyurethane roll material; the cut polyurethane roll material is cleaned and dried to obtain the polyurethane base material; wherein the cut polyurethane roll material is cleaned with deionized water for 5-10 min, and then dried at 40-60 DEG C to obtain the polyurethane base material.

[0025] Step 200, laser micro-processing treatment is performed on the surface of the polyurethane base material once or twice to form a preset pattern of rough structures on the surface of the polyurethane base material, thereby obtaining the wind turbine blade protection film material.

[0026] Specifically, the process is as follows: In the process of performing laser micro-processing on the surface of the polyurethane base material once to obtain the square micro-nano structures, the following process is adopted: A preset laser beam is used to perform area scanning treatment on a preset area of the surface of the polyurethane base material; wherein the preset laser beam is an ultraviolet picosecond laser.

[0027] The process of twice laser micro-processing the surface of the polyurethane base material to obtain the square micro-nano structure comprises: The surface of the preset region of the polyurethane base material is subjected to face scanning treatment by using a first preset laser beam; then, the surface of the preset region of the polyurethane base material is subjected to line scanning treatment by using a second preset laser beam; wherein, when the line scanning treatment is performed, the path of the line scanning is arranged in a cross shape; the first preset laser beam and the second preset laser beam are both ultraviolet picosecond lasers.

[0028] The wind turbine blade protective film material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the rough structure with a preset pattern is formed on the surface of the polyurethane base material by using the laser micro-processing means, the surface microstructure of the polyurethane base material is improved to realize the super-hydrophobic performance; meanwhile, by arranging the rough structure with a preset pattern, the contact area of the liquid drop with the surface of the polyurethane base material can be significantly reduced to effectively delay the icing time and reduce the adhesion strength of the ice layer, and thus the anti-icing ability of the protective film material is significantly improved; the manufacturing process is simple and efficient, the microstructure of the surface of the polyurethane base material only needs to be changed by laser micro-processing treatment, without adding any coating or changing the chemical composition, and the advantages of low cost and green environmental protection are realized.

[0029] In the present application, the prepared wind turbine blade protective film material can significantly reduce the contact area with the liquid drop by virtue of the super-hydrophobic surface when the liquid drop contacts, thereby effectively delaying the icing time, reducing the adhesion strength of the ice layer, and significantly improving the anti-icing ability of the material; the material can be used in the field of blade deicing and anti-icing of wind turbines to effectively ensure the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0030] The wind turbine blade protective film material provided by the present application is further explained and described below with some specific embodiments: Embodiment 1 The present embodiment 1 provides a preparation method of a wind turbine blade protective film material, comprising the following steps: Step 1, the polyurethane roll material is unfolded and flattened to keep the surface of the polyurethane roll material flat; then, the protective film of the polyurethane roll material is removed to obtain the polyurethane roll material without the protective film; wherein, unfolding and flattening the polyurethane roll material is beneficial to improving the precision and efficiency of subsequent laser micro-processing; preferably, the polyurethane roll material is a polyurethane elastomer. It should be noted that the process of removing the protective film of the polyurethane roll material adopts a direct tearing means to remove the protective film on the surface.

[0031] Step 2: Cut the polyurethane roll after removing the protective film according to the preset processing size and shape to obtain the cut polyurethane roll; preferably, the cut polyurethane roll is square in shape and has the following dimensions: length × width × thickness = 110 × 110 mm × 1 mm.

[0032] Step 3: Clean the cut polyurethane roll with deionized water for 10 minutes and dry it at 40°C to obtain the polyurethane substrate.

[0033] Step 4: Perform laser micromachining on the surface of the polyurethane substrate to obtain the square micro / nano structure; specifically, use an ultraviolet picosecond laser to perform surface scanning on a predetermined area of ​​the polyurethane substrate surface to form a rough structure with a predetermined pattern on the surface of the polyurethane substrate; the laser scanning path for surface scanning of the predetermined area of ​​the polyurethane substrate surface is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown; Appendix Figure 1 In the diagram, the black outline represents the polyurethane substrate, the white area within the black outline represents the square micro / nano structure, and each black circle within the white area represents a laser point of an ultraviolet picosecond laser.

[0034] The rough structure of the preset pattern is a square micro-nano structure arranged in a 3×3 rectangular array, with adjacent square micro-nano structures overlapping sequentially. Specifically, adjacent square micro-nano structures overlap in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and the length of the overlapping portion is 1 mm. Preferably, the dimensions of each square micro-nano structure are: length × width = 30 × 30 mm. The laser energy of the ultraviolet picosecond laser is 3.38 μJ, the scanning speed is 300 mm / s, and the repetition frequency is 100 kHz.

[0035] It should be noted that after performing laser micromachining on the surface of the polyurethane substrate using an ultraviolet picosecond laser, several micrometer-level protrusion units are formed on the surface of the polyurethane substrate, and the surface of each micrometer-level protrusion unit is covered with an interlaced network of nanometer-level grooves.

[0036] This embodiment 1 also provides a wind turbine blade, including a blade body and a protective film material; the protective film material is disposed on the surface of the blade body, and the protective film material is the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in this embodiment 1; wherein, the wind turbine blade protective film material is pasted and fixed to a predetermined part of the blade body using a predetermined adhesive.

[0037] In this embodiment 1, in the present application, by laser micro-machining the surface of the polyurethane substrate to form a rough structure with a predetermined pattern, the polyurethane surface after laser micro-machining can form a regular and uniform microstructure, further enhance the hydrophobic performance and anti-icing ability of the surface, and facilitate subsequent performance testing and large-area expansion in practical application.

[0038] Embodiment 2 The preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material provided in this embodiment 2 has basically the same operation process and principle as the preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material described in the above embodiment 1, and the difference lies in that: In step 3, the drying temperature is 60 DEG C.

[0039] In step 4, the laser energy of the ultraviolet picosecond laser is 5.88 muJ.

[0040] Embodiment 3 The preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material provided in this embodiment 3 has basically the same operation process and principle as the preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material described in the above embodiment 1, and the difference lies in that: In step 3, the cleaning time is 5 min, the drying temperature is 50 DEG C, and the thickness of the polyurethane substrate is 2 mm.

[0041] In step 4, the laser energy of the ultraviolet picosecond laser is 2.88 muJ, the scanning speed is 200 mm / s, and the repetition frequency is 50 kHz.

[0042] Embodiment 4 The preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material provided in this embodiment 4 has basically the same operation process and principle as the preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material described in the above embodiment 1, and the difference lies in that: In step 3, the cleaning time is 7 min, the drying temperature is 60 DEG C, and the thickness of the polyurethane substrate is 1.5 mm.

[0043] In step 4, the scanning speed of the ultraviolet picosecond laser is 700 mm / s, and the repetition frequency is 166 kHz.

[0044] Embodiment 5 The preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material provided in this embodiment 5 has basically the same operation process and principle as the preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material described in the above embodiment 1, and the difference lies in that: In step 3, the drying temperature is 60 DEG C.

[0045] In step 4, the surface of the polyurethane substrate is laser microprocessed twice to form a plurality of micron-sized convex units on the surface of the polyurethane substrate, and the surface of each micron-sized convex unit is staggered with a nanoscale groove network, thereby obtaining a square micro-nano structure.

[0046] Specifically, the process of laser microprocessing the surface of the polyurethane substrate twice comprises: The surface of the preset region of the polyurethane substrate is subjected to face scanning treatment by using a first preset laser beam; and then the surface of the preset region of the polyurethane substrate is subjected to line scanning treatment by using a second preset laser beam; wherein, when the line scanning treatment is performed, the path of the line scanning is arranged in a cross shape; as shown in FIG. 2; in FIG. 2, the black outline represents the polyurethane substrate, and the white area in the black outline is the square micro-nano structure; each black circle in the white area represents a laser spot of the ultraviolet picosecond laser. Figure 2 Figure 2 In the drawings, the black outline represents the polyurethane substrate, and the white area in the black outline is the square micro-nano structure; each black circle in the white area represents a laser spot of the ultraviolet picosecond laser.

[0047] Preferably, the first preset laser beam and the second preset laser beam are both ultraviolet picosecond lasers; the laser energy of the first preset laser beam is 5.88 μJ, the scanning speed is 200 mm / s, and the repetition frequency is 100 kHz; the laser energy of the second preset laser beam is 3.88 μJ, the scanning speed is 500 mm / s, and the repetition frequency is 100 kHz; the distance between adjacent line scanning is 25 μm, and the number of line scanning is 1.

[0048] Example 6 The preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material provided in this embodiment 6 has basically the same operation process and principle as the preparation method of the wind turbine blade protective film material described in the above embodiment 5, and the difference lies in that: In step 3, the thickness of the polyurethane substrate is 2 mm.

[0049] In step 4, the laser energy of the first preset laser beam is 5.88 μJ, the scanning speed is 300 mm / s, and the repetition frequency is 100 kHz; the laser energy of the second preset laser beam is 3.88 μJ, the scanning speed is 400 mm / s, and the repetition frequency is 100 kHz; the distance between adjacent line scanning is 25 μm, and the number of line scanning is 3.

[0050] Performance test: The surface micro-morphology of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 1 is observed by using a microscope, and the observation result is shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 4 shows a three-dimensional micro-morphology diagram of the square micro-nano structure in Example 1, and FIG. 5 shows a three-dimensional micro-morphology diagram of the square micro-nano structure in Example 2. Figure 3 Figure 3 Figure 3 ​​​As can be seen, the square micro-nano structure has several micrometer-level protrusion units, and the surface of each micrometer-level protrusion unit is interlaced to form a nanometer-level trench network, thereby forming a complex micro-morphology of spatial stacking on the surface of the polyurethane substrate. Compared with the smooth surface of the polyurethane substrate, the square micro-nano structure can improve the surface roughness of the material and exhibit typical micro-nano dual-scale synergistic characteristics.

[0051] The wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Examples 1-6 was cut into samples with dimensions of length × width = 100 × 100 mm. The contact angle and roll-off angle of water on each sample surface were tested using a contact angle tester. In addition, the samples were placed on a thermoelectric cooler, and an equal amount of water droplets were added to each sample to record the initial state. Subsequently, the thermoelectric cooler was turned on to lower the temperature to the set value and maintain it stable. At the same time, the temperature change was monitored using an infrared thermometer and a temperature sensor, and the freezing process of the water droplets was recorded using a macro camera.

[0052] Using untreated polyurethane substrates as a blank control, the contact angle and freezing time were tested.

[0053] The contact angle, roll-off angle, and icing test results of the polyurethane substrate without laser micromachining treatment and the wind turbine blade protective film materials prepared in Examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1 and Appendix 2 below. Figures 4-6 As shown in 9-10.

[0054] Table 1. Test results of contact angle, roll-off angle, and freezing time.

[0055] As attached Figures 4-10 As shown, attached Figure 4 The diagram shows the original contact angle of the polyurethane substrate, with appendix. Figure 5 The diagram shows the contact angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 1 at room temperature. Figure 6 The diagram shows the roll-off angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 1 at room temperature. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the process of water droplet freezing on the surface of a polyurethane substrate. Figure 8 The diagram below illustrates the surface water droplet freezing process of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 1. Figure 9 The diagram below shows the contact angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 2 at room temperature. Figure 10 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the roll angle of the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Example 2 at room temperature.

[0056] From the appendix Figures 4-10As can be seen from Table 1 above, the wind turbine blade protective film material prepared in Examples 1-6 exhibits excellent super-hydrophobic performance; wherein, as shown in the accompanying Figure 7 Fig. 1, the transition time of water droplet morphology on the surface of the polyurethane substrate is 180s under low temperature environment; as shown in the accompanying Figure 8 Fig. 2, the transition time of water droplet icing morphology on the super-hydrophobic and anti-icing polyurethane material in Example 1 is 630s, which is 250% longer than that on the surface of the polyurethane substrate, fully embodying its excellent anti-icing performance.

[0057] The wind turbine blade protective film material and the preparation method thereof, by means of laser micro-machining technology, form a rough structure on the surface of the polyurethane substrate, endowing it with super-hydrophobic and anti-icing performance; the present application is simple to operate, does not need complex chemical treatment, reduces the cost, is suitable for large-scale production, and improves the feasibility of industrial application; specifically, the square micro-nano structure formed by laser micro-machining is arranged in an array and overlaps successively, which significantly improves the super-hydrophobic performance of the surface of the polyurethane substrate, effectively delays the icing time and reduces the adhesion strength of the ice layer, and enhances the anti-icing ability; in addition, laser micro-machining can avoid affecting the mechanical properties of the polyurethane material, ensuring its stability and reliability in practical application; laser processing is green, environmentally friendly, low in cost and high in efficiency; at the same time, the processing conditions are relatively wide, and by adjusting the parameters, super-hydrophobic and anti-icing polyurethane surfaces with different hydrophobicity and durability can be prepared, which have good application prospects.

[0058] It should be noted that, compared with the existing surface super-hydrophobic modification technologies such as spraying method, chemical deposition method and plasma treatment method, the present application forms a rough structure with a preset pattern on the surface of the polyurethane substrate by means of laser micro-machining technology, endowing the polyurethane material with super-hydrophobic performance and anti-icing ability, while ensuring that its mechanical properties are not affected; wherein, by taking advantage of the characteristics of the micro-nano multi-level hierarchical morphology of the rough structure to control the surface roughness, and by increasing the surface roughness and cooperating with the low surface energy characteristics of the polyurethane, the super-hydrophobic performance is realized; at the same time, forming a rough structure with a preset pattern by laser surface micro-machining can significantly reduce the actual contact area of the liquid droplet with the super-hydrophobic surface of the polyurethane, effectively delay the icing time, reduce the adhesion strength of the ice layer, and significantly improve the anti-icing ability of the material.

[0059] The above examples are only one of the implementation manners of the technical solutions of the present application, and the scope of protection claimed by the present application is not limited to the above examples, but also includes any changes, substitutions and other implementation manners easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application.

Claims

1. A protective film material for wind turbine blades, characterized in that, It includes a polyurethane substrate; the surface of the polyurethane substrate is provided with a rough structure of a preset pattern; The rough structure of the preset pattern is a square micro-nano structure arranged in an array and overlapping sequentially. Each square micro-nano structure is obtained by performing one or two laser micro-processing operations on the surface of the polyurethane substrate. In this process, after performing one or two laser micro-machining operations on the surface of the polyurethane substrate, several micrometer-level protrusion units are formed on the surface of the polyurethane substrate, and the surface of each micrometer-level protrusion unit is covered with an interlaced network of nanometer-level trenches.

2. The wind turbine blade protective film material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing laser micromachining on the surface of the polyurethane substrate to obtain the square micro / nano structure includes: A preset laser beam is used to perform surface scanning on a preset area of ​​the polyurethane substrate.

3. The wind turbine blade protective film material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the square micro / nano structure by performing two laser micromachining operations on the surface of the polyurethane substrate includes: A first preset laser beam is used to perform surface scanning on a preset area of ​​the polyurethane substrate; then, a second preset laser beam is used to perform line scanning on the preset area of ​​the polyurethane substrate; wherein, during the line scanning process, the line scanning path is arranged in a grid pattern.

4. The wind turbine blade protective film material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyurethane substrate is a polyurethane elastomer, and the thickness of the polyurethane substrate is 1-2 mm.

5. The method for preparing a protective film material for wind turbine blades as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Pre-treatment of polyurethane rolls yields a polyurethane substrate. The surface of the polyurethane substrate is subjected to one or two laser micromachining processes to form a rough structure with a preset pattern on the surface of the polyurethane substrate, thereby obtaining the wind turbine blade protective film material.

6. The method for preparing a protective film material for wind turbine blades according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of pretreating polyurethane rolls to obtain a polyurethane substrate includes: Remove the protective film from the polyurethane roll to obtain a polyurethane roll with the protective film removed; The polyurethane roll with the protective film removed is cut according to the preset processing size and shape to obtain the cut polyurethane roll. The cut polyurethane roll is cleaned and dried to obtain the polyurethane substrate.

7. The method for preparing a protective film material for wind turbine blades according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of cleaning and drying the cut polyurethane roll to obtain the polyurethane roll includes: The cut polyurethane roll was cleaned with deionized water for 5-10 minutes, and then dried at 40-60°C to obtain the polyurethane substrate.

8. The method for preparing a protective film material for wind turbine blades according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of performing laser micromachining on the surface of the polyurethane substrate to obtain the square micro / nano structure includes: A preset laser beam is used to perform surface scanning on a preset area of ​​the polyurethane substrate; wherein the preset laser beam is an ultraviolet picosecond laser.

9. The method for preparing a protective film material for wind turbine blades according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the square micro / nano structure by performing two laser micromachining operations on the surface of the polyurethane substrate includes: A first preset laser beam is used to perform surface scanning on a preset area of ​​the polyurethane substrate; then, a second preset laser beam is used to perform line scanning on the preset area of ​​the polyurethane substrate; wherein, during the line scanning process, the line scanning path is arranged in a grid pattern; both the first preset laser beam and the second preset laser beam are ultraviolet picosecond lasers.

10. A wind turbine blade, characterized in that, It includes a blade body and a protective film material disposed on the surface of the blade body; wherein the protective film material disposed on the surface of the blade body adopts the wind turbine blade protective film material as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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