Furnace body cooling system, blast furnace and cooling method of blast furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a furnace body cooling system, a blast furnace and a cooling method of the blast furnace, belongs to the technical field of ironmaking equipment, and aims to solve the problem that an existing blast furnace cooling system cannot meet different cooling requirements of different parts of the blast furnace, the furnace body cooling system comprises a water supply main pipeline (1), a multi-stage subsection cooling framework (2), a water drainage main pipeline (3) and a control unit (4), the multi-stage subsection cooling framework (2) comprises a plurality of cooling sections (21) arranged in the vertical direction, the water supply main pipeline (1) can supply water to the multi-stage subsection cooling framework (2), the multi-stage subsection cooling framework (2) can drain water from the water drainage main pipeline (3), and the control unit (4) can independently control the flow of cooling water in each cooling section (21). The furnace body cooling system comprises a plurality of cooling sections, water inlet and outlet of each cooling section can be accurately controlled, and intelligent management of the whole life cycle is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ironmaking equipment technology, specifically a furnace cooling system, a blast furnace, and a blast furnace cooling method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional blast furnace cooling systems employ a series configuration, where the main water supply pipe supplies water to the cooling units via a bottom-level ring pipe, and the cooling units are connected in series from bottom to top, ultimately draining through a main drain pipe. This design has significant drawbacks: the fixed water distribution across the cooling units leads to mutual constraints on cooling effectiveness; different parts of the blast furnace have different cooling needs, and adjusting local cooling intensity can affect overall cooling performance, resulting in insufficient cooling in high-temperature areas and overcooling in low-temperature areas; a leak in a single cooling unit can affect the entire system; and with increasing smelting intensity, the system struggles to meet the differentiated cooling requirements of different areas, easily leading to overheating damage and making maintenance difficult. Furthermore, existing systems rely on manual experience or self-regulating temperature control valves for water flow control, resulting in lag and inability to respond promptly to sudden temperature rises, wasting manpower and posing safety hazards. Simultaneously, traditional cooling towers directly discharge high-temperature water, leading to water waste and low waste heat utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problem that existing blast furnace cooling systems cannot meet the varying cooling requirements of different parts of the blast furnace, this invention provides a furnace cooling system, a blast furnace, and a blast furnace cooling method. The furnace cooling system comprises multiple cooling sections, and the inlet and outlet water of each section can be precisely controlled, achieving intelligent management throughout its entire lifecycle. It can be widely applied to the technical upgrading of new blast furnace systems and existing equipment, effectively solving the technical problems of low cooling efficiency, severe energy loss, and shortened equipment lifespan caused by uneven heat load distribution in traditional blast furnaces. Simultaneously, it achieves efficient recovery and recycling of waste heat resources from the cooling system.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0005] A furnace cooling system includes a main water supply pipe, a multi-stage segmented cooling architecture, a main drainage pipe, and a control unit. The multi-stage segmented cooling architecture contains multiple cooling sections arranged in a vertical direction. The main water supply pipe can supply water to the multi-stage segmented cooling architecture, and the multi-stage segmented cooling architecture can drain water from the main drainage pipe. The control unit can independently control the flow rate of cooling water in each cooling section.

[0006] A blast furnace includes a furnace body and the aforementioned furnace body cooling system. The furnace body comprises, from top to bottom, a throat, a body, a waist, a belly, and a hearth. A cooling section is provided in the upper and middle parts of the furnace body, a cooling section is provided in the lower part of the furnace body, a cooling section is provided in the waist, and a cooling section is provided in the belly.

[0007] A method for cooling a blast furnace, wherein the blast furnace is as described above, the method for cooling the blast furnace includes the following steps:

[0008] The system monitors the temperature values ​​measured by the first and second temperature sensors in each cooling section in real time. The temperature value measured by the first temperature sensor is the actual inlet water temperature, and the temperature value measured by the second temperature sensor is the actual outlet water temperature. The inlet and outlet water temperature difference for each cooling section is set to a set value. When the actual inlet and outlet water temperature difference is greater than or equal to the set value, the control unit increases the opening of the corresponding flow regulating valve. When the actual inlet and outlet water temperature difference is less than the set value, the control unit decreases the opening of the corresponding flow regulating valve.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0010] 1. Precise temperature control: Through segmented design, the water volume in each cooling zone can be precisely controlled, and the temperature fluctuation of each cooling zone can be controlled within ±5℃.

[0011] 2. Energy saving and consumption reduction: Through precise water volume adjustment, the overall water consumption is reduced, and the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced by 25%-30%.

[0012] 3. Intelligent operation and maintenance: Enables precise control of the cooling system throughout its entire life cycle, extends the life of cooling equipment, and reduces maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a partial schematic diagram of the furnace cooling system described in this invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the furnace cooling system described in this invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling section.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the control unit and its connections.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a connection diagram of the heat exchange system.

[0019] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0020] 1. Main water supply pipeline; 2. Multi-stage segmented cooling structure; 3. Main drainage pipeline; 4. Control unit; 5. Filtration device; 6. Heat exchange system; 7. Circulation pump; 8. Furnace body;

[0021] 11. Water supply branch pipes;

[0022] 21. Cooling section;

[0023] 31. Drainage branch pipe;

[0024] 41. Storage module; 42. Comparison module; 43. Execution module;

[0025] 61. Heat exchanger; 62. Hot water tank; 63. Cooling tower; 64. Cold water tank;

[0026] 81. Furnace throat; 82. Furnace body; 83. Furnace waist; 84. Furnace belly; 85. Furnace cylinder;

[0027] 111. Flow regulating valve; 112. First temperature sensor; 113. First flow sensor;

[0028] 211. Cold water wall ring section; 212. Water supply ring pipe; 213. Drainage ring pipe;

[0029] 311. Second temperature sensor; 312. Second flow sensor;

[0030] 2111, Cold water wall unit; 2112, Cold water wall; 2113, Water supply connection pipe; 2114, Drainage connection pipe; 2115, Internal cooling water flow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] For ease of understanding and description, the following description of the present invention uses absolute positional relationships. Unless otherwise specified, the directional term "above" indicates... Figure 1 The direction above, the directional word "down" indicates Figure 1 The lower side of the middle, the directional word "left" indicates Figure 1 The left side of the direction, the directional word "right" indicates Figure 1 The right-hand direction in the text, the directional word "front" indicates perpendicular to. Figure 1 The direction of the paper and the direction pointing inwards; the directional word "back" indicates perpendicular to. Figure 1The orientation of the paper is pointed outwards from the viewpoint of the reader or user. This invention is described from the perspective of the reader or user, but the aforementioned directional terms should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. Regarding the material, weight, size, angle, and parameters of the components, those skilled in the art can determine or replace them according to actual needs or a limited number of experiments.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the furnace cooling system described in this embodiment includes a main water supply pipe 1, a multi-stage segmented cooling structure 2, a main drainage pipe 3, and a control unit 4. The multi-stage segmented cooling structure 2 contains multiple cooling sections 21, which are arranged vertically. The main water supply pipe 1 can supply water to the multi-stage segmented cooling structure 2, and the multi-stage segmented cooling structure 2 can drain water from the main drainage pipe 3. The control unit 4 can independently control the flow rate of cooling water in each cooling section 21.

[0034] The main water supply pipeline 1, the multi-stage segmented cooling structure 2, and the main drainage pipeline 3 are connected sequentially. Multiple cooling sections 21 are arranged vertically to form a multi-stage cooling network, constituting a complete closed-loop circulation system. The inlet and outlet water of each cooling section 21 can be precisely controlled, realizing intelligent management throughout its entire life cycle. It can be widely used in the technical transformation of newly built blast furnace systems and existing equipment, effectively solving the technical problems of low cooling efficiency, serious energy loss, and shortened equipment lifespan caused by uneven heat load distribution in traditional blast furnaces. At the same time, it realizes the efficient recovery and recycling of waste heat resources in the cooling system.

[0035] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the cooling section 21 includes a cold water wall ring section 211, a water supply ring pipe 212, and a drainage ring pipe 213. The cold water wall ring section 211 has a ring structure and contains multiple cold water wall units 2111. The multiple cold water wall units 2111 are arranged and connected along the circumference of the furnace body. The water supply ring pipe 212 and the drainage ring pipe 213 are both sleeved on the outside of the cold water wall ring section 211. The water supply ring pipe 212 and the drainage ring pipe 213 can be arranged at intervals, one above the other.

[0036] As one possible implementation, the cold water wall unit 2111 includes a cold water wall 2112, a water supply connection pipe 2113, and a drain connection pipe 2114. Each cold water wall 2112 contains an internal cooling water channel 2115, which extends in the vertical direction. The lower end of each internal cooling water channel 2115 is connected to the water supply ring pipe 212 through the water supply connection pipe 2113, and the upper end of each internal cooling water channel 2115 is connected to the drain ring pipe 213 through the drain connection pipe 2114.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the cold water wall unit 2111 may contain one cold water wall 2112 or multiple cold water walls 2112 connected sequentially from top to bottom. A single cold water wall 2112 may contain one or multiple internal cooling water channels 2115 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body. When the cold water wall unit 2111 contains multiple cold water walls 2112 connected sequentially from top to bottom, the internal cooling water channels 2115 within the multiple cold water walls 2112 are connected in series. The internal cooling water channels 2115 are connected one-to-one with the water supply connection pipe 2113, and also one-to-one with the drain connection pipe 2114.

[0038] In one optional implementation, the water supply loop 212 is connected to the main water supply pipe 1 via water supply branch pipes 11. Each water supply loop 212 corresponds to one water supply branch pipe 11. Each water supply branch pipe 11 is sequentially equipped with a flow regulating valve 111, a first temperature sensor 112, and a first flow sensor 113. Each flow regulating valve 111, each first temperature sensor 112, and each first flow sensor 113 is connected to a control unit 4. The control unit 4 can control the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 111, thereby controlling the inlet and outlet water flow rates of each water supply branch pipe 11 and each cold water wall loop section 211. The first temperature sensor 112 can send the actual inlet water temperature value within the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11 to the control unit 4, and the first flow sensor 113 can send the corresponding inlet water flow rate value within the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11 to the control unit 4.

[0039] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the drainage ring pipe 213 is connected to the main drainage pipe 3 via drainage branch pipes 31. Each drainage ring pipe 213 corresponds to one drainage branch pipe 31. Each drainage branch pipe 31 is equipped with a second temperature sensor 311 and a second flow sensor 312. Each second temperature sensor 311 and each second flow sensor 312 is connected to the control unit 4. The second temperature sensor 311 can send the actual outlet water temperature value within the corresponding drainage branch pipe 31 to the control unit 4, and the second flow sensor 312 can send the corresponding outlet water flow rate value within the corresponding drainage branch pipe 31 to the control unit 4.

[0040] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the control unit 4 includes a storage module 41, a comparison module 42, and an execution module 43. The storage module 41 stores the inlet and outlet water temperature difference setpoint Δt0. The comparison module 42 compares the actual inlet and outlet water temperature difference Δt with the setpoint Δt0. The execution module 43 controls the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 111. The execution module 43 can be a PID controller, which can use a dynamic weighted fuzzy PID algorithm to control the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 111.

[0041] While ensuring the water volume requirement of this cooling branch is met, cooling water is delivered to other cooling branches through pressure regulation in the main pipeline, guaranteeing the cooling water needs of each branch. Flow regulation devices adjust the individual cooling water volume of the cooling equipment. Ultimately, the cooling water volume of each cooling branch within the entire cooling system can be automatically adjusted according to different blast furnace operating conditions, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the cooling equipment and the blast furnace.

[0042] The intelligent control module in control unit 4 is pre-programmed to convert the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water of the cooling system into a digital signal, then performs data recognition and digital execution. It feeds back the real-time monitored temperature of the cooling system to the central temperature monitoring system and, based on the set upper temperature limit and alarm display, controls the opening and closing of the electric regulating valve in the return water manifold. Its pre-programmed program can dynamically adjust the water volume in different areas of the cooling system, reducing the water volume in areas with no significant temperature difference and increasing the water volume in areas with a sharp increase in temperature difference. This eliminates the need for construction personnel to communicate with the central control room via walkie-talkie and then manually adjust the cooling water volume on-site, significantly reducing labor intensity and protecting the lifespan of the cooling system and blast furnace.

[0043] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the furnace cooling system also includes a filter device 5, a heat exchange system 6, and a circulating pump 7 connected in sequence. The main drainage pipe 3 is connected to the filter device 5, and the main water supply pipe 1 is connected to the circulating pump 7. Water in the main drainage pipe 3 can enter the filter device 5 for filtration, and the circulating pump 7 can supply water in the main water supply pipe 1 to the multi-stage segmented cooling structure 2. The return water first passes through the filter device 5 to remove impurities and dirt, ensuring that the water entering the heat exchange system 6 is clean and free from clogging risks.

[0044] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the heat exchange system 6 may include a heat exchanger 61, a hot water tank 62, a cooling tower 63, and a cold water tank 64 connected in sequence. A filter device 5 is connected to the heat exchanger 61, and the cold water tank 64 is connected to the circulating pump 7. The heat exchanger 61 can be a product of existing technology, such as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The inlet of the heat exchanger 61 is connected to the filter device 5, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 61 is connected to the hot water tank 62.

[0045] Hot water tank 62 continuously supplies hot water to cooling tower 63 via a powerful hot water pump for cooling. Inside cooling tower 63, the hot water exchanges heat fully with the outside cold air, achieving cooling. The cooled water is then transported to cold water tank 64 for storage. Cold water tank 64 then uses a high-efficiency circulating pump 7 to return the cold water to the blast furnace, initiating a new cooling cycle. This process is repeated continuously, achieving the recycling of water resources and the initial recovery of heat.

[0046] To further tap into energy utilization potential and improve energy efficiency, the system innovatively introduces air cooling. Specifically, the relatively low-temperature air entering the furnace is preheated via heat exchanger 61. This preheated air is then used as hot air for the hot blast stove. The heat exchanger 61's heat-absorbing medium inlet is connected to the outside air, and its heat-absorbing medium outlet is connected to the hot blast stove. This significantly reduces the energy consumption previously required for heating air in the hot blast stove, achieving a "cross-border" utilization of energy from blast furnace cooling waste heat to preheating the combustion air in the hot blast stove, thus elevating energy utilization efficiency to a new level.

[0047] The following describes a type of blast furnace, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the blast furnace includes a furnace body 8 and the aforementioned furnace body cooling system. The furnace body 8 contains, from top to bottom, a throat 81, a body 82, a waist 83, a belly 84, and a hearth 85. A cooling section 21 is provided on the outer upper and middle parts of the furnace body 82, a cooling section 21 is provided on the outer lower part of the furnace body 82, a cooling section 21 is provided on the outer side of the waist 83, and a cooling section 21 is provided on the outer side of the belly 84. Thus, the furnace body cooling system contains four independent cooling sections 21.

[0048] To address the varying heat load characteristics of different areas of the blast furnace, a differentiated design is adopted. The lower part of the furnace body 82, the furnace waist 83, and the furnace belly 84 are the areas where the airflow and temperature changes most drastically in the blast furnace, making the cooling equipment most susceptible to damage and the cooling walls most prone to water leakage, which can cause fluctuations in furnace conditions. Therefore, a cooling section 21 is matched and set in the lower part of the furnace body 82, the furnace waist 83, and the furnace belly 84 to achieve precise control, effectively prevent equipment damage and water leakage accidents, and ensure stable furnace operation.

[0049] The furnace body 8 contains a refractory material layer, and the cold water wall ring 211 of the cooling section 21 is correspondingly fitted outside the refractory material layer. The lower part of the furnace body 82, the furnace waist 83 and the furnace belly 84 are matched with a cooling section 21 cold water wall unit 2111 containing two cold water walls 2112 connected vertically.

[0050] The following describes a cooling method for a blast furnace, wherein the blast furnace is as described above, and the cooling method includes the following steps:

[0051] Real-time monitoring of the temperature values ​​measured by the first temperature sensor 112 and the second temperature sensor 311 in each cooling section 21. The temperature value measured by the first temperature sensor 112 is the actual inlet water temperature value t. j The temperature value measured by the second temperature sensor 311 is the actual outlet water temperature value t. c The inlet and outlet water temperature difference of each cooling section 21 is set to the inlet and outlet water temperature difference set value △t0; when the actual inlet and outlet water temperature difference is △t (△t=t j -t c When the actual inlet and outlet water temperature difference Δt is greater than or equal to the corresponding inlet and outlet water temperature difference set value Δt0, the control unit 4 increases the opening of the flow regulating valve 111 on the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11, thereby increasing the water supply of the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11; when the actual inlet and outlet water temperature difference Δt is less than the corresponding inlet and outlet water temperature difference set value Δt0, the control unit 4 decreases the opening of the flow regulating valve 111 on the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11, thereby decreasing the water supply of the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11.

[0052] Real-time monitoring of the flow rates measured by the first flow sensor 113 and the second flow sensor 312 in each cooling section 21 allows for analysis of two key aspects. First, it determines whether increasing or decreasing the opening of the corresponding flow regulating valve 111 increases or decreases the water supply to the water supply branch pipe 11 accordingly. Second, it determines whether there is a leakage of cooling water in the cold water wall unit 2111. For example, if the flow rate detected by the second flow sensor 312 is significantly lower than that detected by the first flow sensor 113, it indicates a leakage in the cold water wall unit 2111. This effectively prevents equipment damage and water leakage accidents, ensuring stable furnace operation.

[0053] The working process of the blast furnace is described below.

[0054] The circulating pump 7 supplies water from the main water supply pipe 1 to the multi-stage segmented cooling architecture 2. The temperature values ​​measured by the first temperature sensor 112 and the second temperature sensor 311 in each cooling section 21 are monitored in real time. When the actual temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water reaches Δt (Δt = t...), the system... j -t cWhen the inlet and outlet water temperature difference is greater than or equal to the corresponding set value Δt0, the control unit 4 increases the opening of the flow regulating valve 111 on the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11, thereby increasing the water supply of the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11; when the actual value Δt of the inlet and outlet water temperature difference is less than the corresponding set value Δt0, the control unit 4 decreases the opening of the flow regulating valve 111 on the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11, thereby decreasing the water supply of the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11. Multi-stage segmented cooling architecture 2 cools the furnace body 8.

[0055] The control unit 4 uses a dynamic weighted fuzzy PID algorithm to control the opening of the flow regulating valve 111 on the corresponding water supply branch pipe 11, achieving millisecond-level response (delay <50ms). This can accurately control the temperature fluctuation of each cooling section 21 within ±5℃, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency and realizing intelligent management throughout the entire life cycle.

[0056] The cooling water after cooling by the multi-stage segmented cooling structure 2 is drained from the main drainage pipe 3. The cooling water discharged from the main drainage pipe 3 flows through the filter device 5 and the heat exchange system 6 in sequence before entering the circulation pump 7. The cooling water is recycled to cool the furnace body 8.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, substitutions of equivalent components, or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and embodiments of the present invention can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A furnace cooling system, characterized in that, The furnace cooling system includes a main water supply pipe (1), a multi-stage segmented cooling structure (2), a main drainage pipe (3), and a control unit (4). The multi-stage segmented cooling structure (2) contains multiple cooling sections (21) arranged in the vertical direction. The main water supply pipe (1) can supply water to the multi-stage segmented cooling structure (2). The multi-stage segmented cooling structure (2) can drain water from the main drainage pipe (3). The control unit (4) can independently control the flow rate of cooling water in each cooling section (21).

2. The furnace cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling section (21) includes a cold water wall ring section (211), a water supply ring pipe (212), and a drainage ring pipe (213). The cold water wall ring section (211) contains multiple cold water wall units (2111), which are arranged around the furnace body. The water supply ring pipe (212) and the drainage ring pipe (213) are both fitted outside the cold water wall ring section (211).

3. The furnace cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cold water wall unit (2111) includes a cold water wall (2112), a water supply connection pipe (2113), and a drain connection pipe (2114). The cold water wall (2112) contains an internal cooling water channel (2115). The internal cooling water channel (2115) extends in the vertical direction. One end of the internal cooling water channel (2115) is connected to the water supply ring pipe (212) through the water supply connection pipe (2113), and the other end of the internal cooling water channel (2115) is connected to the drain ring pipe (213) through the drain connection pipe (2114).

4. The furnace cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water supply loop (212) is connected to the main water supply pipe (1) through the water supply branch pipe (11). The water supply loop (212) corresponds to the water supply branch pipe (11) one by one. Each water supply branch pipe (11) is equipped with a flow regulating valve (111), a first temperature sensor (112) and a first flow sensor (113). The flow regulating valve (111), the first temperature sensor (112) and the first flow sensor (113) are all connected to the control unit (4).

5. The furnace cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drainage ring pipe (213) is connected to the main drainage pipe (3) through the drainage branch pipe (31). The drainage ring pipe (213) and the drainage branch pipe (31) correspond one-to-one. Each drainage branch pipe (31) is equipped with a second temperature sensor (311) and a second flow sensor (312). The second temperature sensor (311) and the second flow sensor (312) are both connected to the control unit (4).

6. The furnace cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace cooling system also includes a filter device (5), a heat exchange system (6) and a circulation pump (7) connected in sequence. The main drainage pipe (3) is connected to the filter device (5), and the main water supply pipe (1) is connected to the circulation pump (7). Water in the main drainage pipe (3) can enter the filter device (5) for filtration, and the circulation pump (7) can supply water in the main water supply pipe (1) to the multi-stage segmented cooling structure (2).

7. The furnace cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat exchange system (6) includes a heat exchanger (61), a hot water tank (62), a cooling tower (63) and a cold water tank (64) connected in sequence. The filter device (5) is connected to the heat exchanger (61), and the cold water tank (64) is connected to the circulating pump (7).

8. A blast furnace, characterized in that, The blast furnace includes a furnace body (8) and the furnace body cooling system as described in claim 5. The furnace body (8) includes a furnace throat (81), a furnace body (82), a furnace waist (83), a furnace belly (84), and a furnace cylinder (85) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A cooling section (21) is provided in the upper and middle parts of the furnace body (82), a cooling section (21) is provided in the lower part of the furnace body (82), a cooling section (21) is provided in the furnace waist (83), and a cooling section (21) is provided in the furnace belly (84).

9. The blast furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cooling section (21) of the furnace body (82), the furnace waist (83) and the furnace belly (84) are matched with a cooling section (21) with a cold water wall unit (2111) containing two cold water walls (2112) connected vertically.

10. A method for cooling a blast furnace, characterized in that, The blast furnace is the blast furnace according to claim 8, and the cooling method of the blast furnace includes the following steps: The temperature values ​​measured by the first temperature sensor (112) and the second temperature sensor (311) of each cooling section (21) are monitored in real time. The temperature value measured by the first temperature sensor (112) is the actual inlet water temperature value, and the temperature value measured by the second temperature sensor (311) is the actual outlet water temperature value. The inlet and outlet water temperature difference of each cooling section (21) is set as the inlet and outlet water temperature difference set value. When the actual value of the inlet and outlet water temperature difference is greater than or equal to the corresponding inlet and outlet water temperature difference set value, the control unit (4) increases the opening of the corresponding flow regulating valve (111). When the actual value of the inlet and outlet water temperature difference is less than the corresponding inlet and outlet water temperature difference set value, the control unit (4) decreases the opening of the corresponding flow regulating valve (111).

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