A fracturing device for oil drilling and production wellhead

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of oilfield fracturing, and more particularly discloses a petroleum drilling and production wellhead fracturing device which comprises a base, a middle layer pipe fixedly installed at the top of the base, an upper layer pipe fixedly installed at the top of the middle layer pipe, a reduced diameter portion arranged in the base, a ball outlet arranged at the bottom of the base and communicated with the reduced diameter portion, a receiving port arranged at the top of the base and communicated with the reduced diameter portion, a spiral channel arranged in the upper layer pipe, a feeding port arranged at the top of the upper layer pipe and communicated with the spiral channel, a discharging port arranged at the bottom of the upper layer pipe and communicated with the spiral channel, and a hollow bin arranged at the center of the upper layer pipe; the petroleum drilling and production wellhead fracturing device realizes the orderly feeding of the balls one by one, avoids the blockage caused by the simultaneous falling of multiple balls, and accurately controls the sequence of the balls entering the wellhead.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil field fracturing, more particularly to a petroleum drilling and production wellhead fracturing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wellhead fracturing is an important process to increase the productivity of oil and gas wells, also known as hydraulic fracturing or hydraulic fracture. It expands the rock fracture by injecting high-pressure fracturing fluid to increase the oil and gas flow channel, thereby increasing the oil and gas production, so a corresponding wellhead fracturing device is needed to realize this process. In mechanical layered fracturing construction, variable-diameter staged fracturing technology is often used, which requires steel balls with increasing diameters to be sequentially injected from the wellhead to open the staged fracturing sliding sleeves of different layers.

[0003] Patent No. CN118911625A discloses an intelligent fracturing wellhead device capable of automatically launching balls; it includes a pipe body; the lower end of the pipe body is provided with a flange, the upper end of the pipe body is fixedly installed with a top plate, the top plate is provided with an opening and closing mechanism, and the inside of the pipe body is provided with a ball launching mechanism; the present application can be used for the sequential launching of balls with the same diameter and balls with different diameters, thereby improving the practicality of the intelligent fracturing wellhead device capable of automatically launching balls, and through the variable adjustment of the distance between the pre-division part and the limiting plate, the efficiency and accuracy of the overall launching operation of balls with different diameters are improved.

[0004] However, the existing ball launching machine is mainly divided into two types: the same diameter ball launching and the sequential launching of balls with different diameters from small to large. These two devices cannot be used universally, and in the prior art, when launching balls with different diameters, there may be problems such as inaccurate ball launching sequence and unstable launching process, which affects the normal progress of the fracturing process and reduces the fracturing efficiency and effect. Therefore, the present application provides a petroleum drilling and production wellhead fracturing device. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a petroleum drilling and production wellhead fracturing device to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] The present application provides the following technical solution: a petroleum drilling and production wellhead fracturing device, comprising a base, a middle layer pipe fixedly installed on the top of the base, an upper layer pipe fixedly installed on the top of the middle layer pipe, a reduced diameter part arranged inside the base, a ball outlet arranged at the bottom of the base and communicating with the reduced diameter part, a receiving port arranged at the top of the base and communicating with the reduced diameter part, a spiral channel arranged inside the upper layer pipe, a feeding port arranged at the top of the upper layer pipe and communicating with the spiral channel for placing balls into the spiral channel, a discharging port arranged at the bottom of the upper layer pipe and communicating with the spiral channel, a hollow chamber arranged at the center of the upper layer pipe, a center shaft rotatably connected in the hollow chamber, a switching mechanism arranged on the upper side of the center shaft, a two-part mechanism arranged in the middle layer pipe, the switching mechanism and the two-part mechanism being connected by the center shaft, and the balls being controlled to enter the base one by one.

[0007] The two-part mechanism comprises a rotating disc and a pre-separation groove, the rotating disc is rotationally connected to the middle layer pipe, the lower end of the central shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating disc, two pre-separation grooves are provided, and the two pre-separation grooves are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the rotating disc; the bottom of one of the pre-separation grooves is communicated with the material receiving port, and the other pre-separation groove is located on the lower side of the material outlet; and a set of separation mechanisms is symmetrically arranged in each rotating disc.

[0008] Further, each set of separation mechanisms comprises an trunnion seat, a baffle and a first spring, the trunnion seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pre-separation groove, the baffle is rotationally connected to the trunnion seat at a small amplitude, and the first spring is fixedly connected between the baffle and the trunnion seat; and the baffle is inclined upward in the initial state.

[0009] Further, the switching mechanism comprises a cylindrical cam, a semi-circumferential guide groove, a limiting circular rod, a straight sliding sleeve, a sliding block, a second spring and a driving assembly, the cylindrical cam is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central shaft, the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cam is provided with the semi-circumferential guide groove, one end of the sliding block is slidingly connected to the semi-circumferential guide groove, the limiting circular rod is rotationally installed on the upper end of the cylindrical cam, the straight sliding sleeve is slidingly connected to the circumferential surface of the limiting circular rod, the distal end of the straight sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the second spring is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the limiting circular rod, and the second spring is located on the lower side of the straight sliding sleeve; and the driving assembly is used for controlling the straight sliding sleeve to move downward, thereby driving the cylindrical cam to rotate, and finally driving the rotating disc to rotate by half a circle to switch the positions of the two pre-separation grooves.

[0010] Further, the driving assembly comprises a supporting plate, an electric push rod and a hollow sleeve, the supporting plate is fixedly connected to the hollow chamber, the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting plate, the hollow sleeve is fixedly connected to the elongated end of the electric push rod, and the upper end of the limiting circular rod is slidingly connected to the hollow sleeve.

[0011] Further, the feeding port of the upper layer pipe is provided with a protective cover, and the protective cover is provided with a buckle when closed.

[0012] Further, the inner wall of the spiral channel is provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the wear-resistant layer is made of high manganese steel material.

[0013] Further, the outlet of the base is provided with a connecting flange, and the circumferential surface of the rotating disc is polished.

[0014] Further, the first spring and the second spring are both made of stainless steel material, so as to ensure the normal work of the separation mechanism and the switching mechanism.

[0015] Technical effects and advantages of the present application:

[0016] 1. The application is beneficial to realize the sequential and orderly dropping of the balls by the linkage of the two-part mechanism, the separation mechanism and the switching mechanism, avoid the blockage caused by the simultaneous falling of multiple balls, accurately control the sequence of the balls entering the wellhead, ensure the stability of the fracturing process, switch the positions of the two pre-separation grooves to ensure the accuracy of the dropping sequence; the overall structure replaces the complex control logic of the traditional ball dropping device by mechanical linkage, reduces the failure risk of electronic components in high pressure and high dust environment, and improves the stability and dropping accuracy of the device.

[0017] 2. The application is beneficial to reduce the wear of the inner wall of the channel during the rolling process of the balls, prolong the service life of the device, ensure the smoothness of the ball conveying, and ensure that the ball dropping process is not affected by the channel wear.

[0018] 3. The first spring and the second spring are made of stainless steel material, and the connecting flange is arranged at the ball outlet, the circumferential surface of the rotating disc is smooth and polished, which is beneficial to improve the corrosion resistance, connection sealing and smoothness of the device, reduce the maintenance frequency, and enhance the reliability of the device in complex working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the overall structure section view of the application.

[0021] Figure 3 It is the base structure diagram of the application.

[0022] Figure 4 It is the rotating disc structure diagram of the application.

[0023] Figure 5 It is the upper pipe structure diagram of the application.

[0024] Figure 6 It is the center shaft structure diagram of the application.

[0025] Figure 7 It is the switching mechanism diagram of the application.

[0026] Figure 8 It is the separation mechanism diagram of the application.

[0027] The reference signs are: 1, base; 101, ball outlet; 102, reduced diameter part; 103, receiving port; 2, middle layer pipe; 3, upper layer pipe; 301, spiral channel; 302, feeding port; 303, protective cover; 304, discharging port; 305, hollow warehouse; 4, rotating disc; 401, pre-separation groove; 5, separation mechanism; 501, trunnion seat; 502, baffle; 503, first spring; 6, central shaft; 7, switching mechanism; 701, cylindrical cam; 702, half-week guide groove; 703, limiting round rod; 704, straight sliding sleeve; 705, sliding block; 706, second spring; 707, support plate; 708, electric push rod; 709, hollow sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the present application. In addition, the forms of the structures described in the following embodiments are only examples. The oil drilling wellhead fracturing device involved in the present application is not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] REFERENCE Figures 1-8 The present application provides an oil drilling wellhead fracturing device, which comprises a base 1, a middle layer pipe 2 fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, an upper layer pipe 3 fixedly installed on the top of the middle layer pipe 2, a reduced diameter part 102 arranged in the interior of the base 1, a ball outlet 101 arranged on the bottom of the base 1 and communicated with the reduced diameter part 102, a receiving port 103 arranged on the top of the base 1 and communicated with the reduced diameter part 102, a spiral channel 301 arranged in the interior of the upper layer pipe 3, a feeding port 302 arranged on the top of the upper layer pipe 3 and communicated with the spiral channel 301 for placing a ball into the spiral channel 301, a discharging port 304 arranged on the bottom of the upper layer pipe 3 and communicated with the spiral channel 301, a hollow warehouse 305 arranged at the center of the upper layer pipe 3, a central shaft 6 rotatably connected in the hollow warehouse 305, a switching mechanism 7 arranged on the upper side of the central shaft 6, a separation mechanism arranged in the middle layer pipe 2, and the switching mechanism 7 and the separation mechanism connected by the central shaft 6, so as to realize the control of the balls entering the base 1 one by one.

[0030] The separation mechanism comprises a rotating disc 4 and a pre-separation groove 401. The rotating disc 4 is rotatably connected in the middle layer pipe 2. The lower end of the central shaft 6 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 4. The pre-separation groove 401 is provided with two pre-separation grooves, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the rotating disc 4. The bottom of one of the pre-separation grooves 401 is communicated with the receiving port 103. The other pre-separation groove 401 is located on the lower side of the discharging port 304. A set of separation mechanisms 5 is symmetrically arranged in each rotating disc 4.

[0031] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that the base 1 is the basic supporting part of the device, the top of which is fixedly connected with the middle layer pipe 2, and the top of the middle layer pipe 2 is fixed with the upper layer pipe 3, forming a whole structure frame from top to bottom. The reduced diameter part 102 in the base 1 is the core of the ball passage, and its diameter gradually decreases from top to bottom. The ball outlet 101 at the bottom communicates with the reduced diameter part 102, which is used to guide the ball out of the wellhead. The material receiving port 103 at the top also communicates with the reduced diameter part 102, which is used to receive the ball from the middle layer pipe 2. The spiral passage 301 in the upper layer pipe 3 is the conveying path of the ball, and the feeding port 302 at the top is used to put the ball into the spiral passage 301. The ball slides along the spiral passage 301 to the discharging port 304 at the bottom, and then enters the two-part mechanism in the middle layer pipe 2. The hollow warehouse 305 in the center of the upper layer pipe 3 provides a rotating space for the central shaft 6, which can rotate freely in the hollow warehouse 305. The upper end of the central shaft 6 is connected with the switching mechanism 7, and the lower end is connected with the two-part mechanism in the middle layer pipe 2, which becomes a transmission part connecting the two. When the two-part mechanism in the middle layer pipe 2 receives the ball falling from the discharging port 304, the switching mechanism 7 drives the central shaft 6 to rotate, which drives the two-part mechanism to work, realizes the position switching of the two pre-separation grooves 401, and then sends the ball into the reduced diameter part 102 of the base 1 through the material receiving port 103, and finally discharges from the ball outlet 101, completing the process of controlling the ball into the base 1 one by one.

[0032] The rotating disc 4 is the core rotating part of the two-part mechanism, which is installed in the middle layer pipe 2 by rotating connection. The base 1 is provided with a limiting shaft at the top, which is embeddedly installed at the bottom of the rotating disc 4. The rotating disc 4 can stably rotate with the limiting shaft as the center. The rotating power is transmitted by the central shaft 6, and the lower end of the central shaft 6 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 4. When the central shaft 6 rotates under the drive of the switching mechanism 7, it can directly drive the rotating disc 4 to rotate synchronously. The two pre-separation grooves 401 are temporarily stored and transferred structures of the ball, which are symmetrically distributed on the upper surface of the rotating disc 4. The positions of the two are switched with the rotation of the rotating disc 4. In the initial state, one pre-separation groove 401 is located directly below the discharging port 304 of the upper layer pipe 3, which is used to receive the ball falling from the spiral passage 301 through the discharging port 304. The other pre-separation groove 401 corresponds to the material receiving port 103 of the base 1 in up and down, and its bottom communicates with the material receiving port 103, which can send the ball stored in the internal to the reduced diameter part 102 of the base 1. Each set of separation mechanism 5 corresponds to a pre-separation groove 401, which is symmetrically installed in the rotating disc 4 and located at the inner side wall of the pre-separation groove 401. Its function is to control the one-way blocking and release of the ball in the pre-separation groove 401, to ensure that the ball can enter the material receiving port 103 one by one and in order, and to avoid the blockage or disorder caused by the simultaneous falling of multiple balls.

[0033] The main difference between the embodiment and the prior art is that the ball classification and feeding structure in the embodiment is linked with the switching mechanism, precise switching and individual control of the ball are achieved through mechanical transmission, and the specific points are as follows: the two pre-division grooves 401 symmetrically arranged on the rotating disc 4 work alternately, one receives the ball falling from the discharge port 304, and the other releases the ball through the receiving port 103, so that the ball is orderly transferred; in combination with the baffle 502 and the first spring 503, the ball in the pre-division groove 401 is elastically blocked, and is released only when the weight of the ball reaches a set value, so that a single or quantitative ball is ensured to fall; the cylindrical cam 701, the semi-circumferential guide groove 702 and the electric push rod 708 drive assembly of the switching mechanism 7 are used to accurately control the rotation of the rotating disc 4 driven by the central shaft 6 by half a circle, so that the position switching of the two pre-division grooves 401 is realized, and the feeding sequence is ensured to be accurate; the overall structure replaces the complex control logic of the traditional ball feeding device through mechanical linkage, reduces the failure risk of electronic components in a high-pressure and high-dust environment, and improves the stability and feeding accuracy of the device.

[0034] The structure is the main structure of the embodiment, which solves the problems of unordered ball feeding, easy clogging and low accuracy of switching and feeding of balls with different diameters in the fracturing ball feeding process in the prior art. The fixed connection mode of the upper pipe 3 and the middle pipe 2, and the basic conveying path of the spiral channel 301 are the existing structures. The specific connection size of the base 1 and the wellhead, the overall outer diameter parameter of the upper pipe 3, and the slope design details of the spiral channel 301 are not described in detail in the embodiment. In addition, the model selection of the electric push rod 708 also belongs to the prior art. Therefore, the application is not limited in detail.

[0035] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 8 Each set of separation mechanisms 5 includes an trunnion seat 501, a baffle 502 and a first spring 503. The trunnion seat 501 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pre-division groove 401. The baffle 502 is pivotally connected to the trunnion seat 501 through a small amplitude. The first spring 503 is fixedly connected between the baffle 502 and the trunnion seat 501. In the initial state, the baffle 502 is inclined upward.

[0036] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the trunnion seat 501 provides a rotating fulcrum for the baffle 502, ensuring that the baffle 502 can stably realize small amplitude rotation, the baffle 502 is installed through the trunnion seat 501, and the initial state is upwardly inclined, one of the two pre-division grooves 401 is communicated with the receiving port 103, and the other is supported by the top of the base 1, when the ball falls into the pre-division groove 401 from the discharge port 304, the top of the base 1 can directly receive the ball in the pre-division groove 401, without the baffle 502 bearing the weight of the ball, at this time the core role of the baffle 502 is to block the subsequent ball, and the design of the inclination angle of the baffle 502 needs to meet the blocking requirement of the ball on the upper side of the pre-division groove 401, when the ball enters the pre-division groove 401, the inclination angle of the baffle 502 changes, the upper contraction can temporarily hold the subsequent ball, preventing it from falling in advance, in this state, the lower end of the baffle 502 and the inner wall of the pre-division groove 401 form a temporary closed structure, which can block the subsequent ball from entering the pre-division groove 401, realizing single ball isolation, at the same time, the pre-division groove 401 is designed to accommodate only a single ball at a time, and the internal space is slightly larger than the diameter of a single ball, which can avoid the possibility of preloading multiple balls from the root; when the pre-division groove 401 rotates with the rotating disc 4 to the position communicated with the receiving port 103, the ball is discharged from the bottom of the pre-division groove 401 to the receiving port 103 under the action of its own gravity, and the pressure on the baffle 502 is released, the first spring 503 immediately drives the baffle 502 to reset to the initial upwardly inclined state, preparing for the entry of the next ball. Through the above structure, the separation mechanism 5 can accurately control the release rhythm of the ball in the pre-division groove 401, avoid the blockage caused by the simultaneous falling of multiple balls, and ensure that the balls enter the subsequent channel one by one and stably.

[0037] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7The switching mechanism 7 comprises a cylindrical cam 701, a half-week guide groove 702, a limiting circular rod 703, a straight sliding sleeve 704, a sliding block 705, a second spring 706 and a driving assembly. The cylindrical cam 701 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central shaft 6. The circumferential surface of the cylindrical cam 701 is provided with the half-week guide groove 702. One end of the sliding block 705 is slidingly connected in the half-week guide groove 702. The limiting circular rod 703 is rotatably installed at the upper end of the cylindrical cam 701. The straight sliding sleeve 704 is slidingly connected to the circumferential surface of the limiting circular rod 703. The distal end of the straight sliding sleeve 704 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 705. The second spring 706 is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the limiting circular rod 703, and is located at the lower side of the straight sliding sleeve 704. The driving assembly is used for controlling the downward movement of the straight sliding sleeve 704, thereby driving the rotation of the cylindrical cam 701, and finally driving the rotation of the rotating disc 4 by half a week, so as to switch the positions of the two pre-split grooves 401. The driving assembly comprises a supporting plate 707, an electric push rod 708 and a hollow sleeve 709. The supporting plate 707 is fixedly connected in the hollow bin 305. The electric push rod 708 is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting plate 707. The hollow sleeve 709 is fixedly connected to the elongated end of the electric push rod 708. The upper end of the limiting circular rod 703 is slidingly connected in the hollow sleeve 709.

[0038] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the lower end of the cylindrical cam 701 is fixedly connected with the center shaft 6, the semi-week guide groove 702 provides a sliding track for the sliding block 705, when the sliding block 705 slides along the semi-week guide groove 702, the cylindrical cam 701 can be driven to rotate synchronously; the upper end of the limiting round rod 703 is rotatably installed on the upper end of the cylindrical cam 701, and the lower end provides sliding support for the straight sliding sleeve 704; the straight sliding sleeve 704 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 705 to form a linkage structure, the limiting round rod 703 is designed as a cylindrical structure and can support the straight sliding sleeve 704 to rotate, when the straight sliding sleeve 704 slides downward along the limiting round rod 703, the sliding block 705 can be driven to move synchronously in the semi-week guide groove 702; the second spring 706 is sleeved on the surface of the limiting round rod 703 and located below the straight sliding sleeve 704, in the initial state, the second spring 706 is in a natural elongation or slight compression state, when the straight sliding sleeve 704 moves downward, the second spring 706 is compressed to store power, and after the driving force disappears, the straight sliding sleeve 704 can be pushed to reset; the support plate 707 in the driving assembly is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow bin 305 and provides a mounting basis for the electric push rod 708; the elongated end of the electric push rod 708 is connected with the hollow sleeve 709, the upper end of the limiting round rod 703 is slidably arranged in the hollow sleeve 709, so that the driving force of the electric push rod 708 can be accurately transmitted to the straight sliding sleeve 704; when the electric push rod 708 is started to elongate, the hollow sleeve 709 pushes the straight sliding sleeve 704 to slide downward along the limiting round rod 703, the sliding block 705 slides along the semi-week guide groove 702 and drives the cylindrical cam 701 to rotate half a circle, the center shaft 6 drives the rotating disc 4 to rotate half a circle synchronously, and the position switching of the two pre-split grooves 401 is realized; after the switching is completed, the electric push rod 708 is retracted, the second spring 706 releases the elastic force to push the straight sliding sleeve 704 and the sliding block 705 to reset, and preparation is made for the next switching.

[0039] With reference to Figure 5 The feeding port 302 of the upper layer pipe 3 is provided with a protective cover 303, and the protective cover 303 is provided with a buckle at the closed position.

[0040] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the protective cover 303 functions to close the feeding port 302 during non-ball feeding, transportation and storage, prevent dust and impurities in the outside world from entering the spiral channel 301, avoid that impurities affect the rolling and feeding precision of the ball, and also prevent the ball remaining in the spiral channel 301 from falling accidentally.

[0041] With reference to Figure 2 The inner wall of the spiral channel 301 is provided with a wear-resistant layer made of high manganese steel.

[0042] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the spiral channel 301 is the path for the ball to be transported from the feed port 302 to the discharge port 304, and the wear-resistant layer arranged on the inner wall thereof is a key structure designed for the friction loss in the rolling process of the ball; the wear-resistant layer is made of high manganese steel material, which has extremely high wear resistance and toughness; when the ball rolls in the spiral channel 301 by relying on gravity, continuous friction and impact will be generated between the ball and the inner wall of the channel, and the high manganese steel wear-resistant layer can effectively resist such friction and wear, avoid damage such as indentation and scratch on the inner wall of the channel due to long-term use, and thus ensure the structural integrity and smoothness of the spiral channel 301; the high manganese steel will work hardening when subjected to impact load, the surface hardness is further improved, and the wear resistance is enhanced, which is very suitable for the dynamic friction scenario when the ball rolls, which greatly prolongs the service life of the spiral channel 301, reduces the maintenance frequency and cost of the device, and ensures the stability of the fracturing ball-throwing process is not affected by the wear of the channel.

[0043] With reference to Figure 2 , a connecting flange is arranged at the ball outlet 101 of the base 1, and the circumferential surface of the rotating disc 4 is smoothly polished.

[0044] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: the connecting flange arranged at the ball outlet 101 of the base 1 is a key component for connecting the device with the wellhead pipeline; the size and specification of the connecting flange can be adapted according to the flange standard of the actual wellhead pipeline, and the sealing connection with the wellhead pipeline is realized through bolts and other fasteners, which can not only ensure that the ball enters the wellhead smoothly during fracturing, but also can withstand the impact force brought by high-pressure fracturing fluid, prevent leakage, and ensure the safety and stability of the fracturing process; the circumferential surface of the rotating disc 4 is smoothly polished, which aims to reduce the frictional resistance between the rotating disc 4 and the inner wall of the middle layer pipe 2, so that the rotating disc 4 can rotate more smoothly under the drive of the central shaft 6, reduce the energy loss in the rotating process, and ensure the flexibility and accuracy of the position switching of the two pre-split grooves 401; at the same time, the smooth surface can also reduce the wear between them, prolong the service life of the rotating disc 4 and the middle layer pipe 2, and avoid the influence of the debris generated by friction on the cleanliness of the device and the normal throwing of the ball.

[0045] With reference to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the first spring 503 and the second spring 706 are both made of stainless steel material, which ensures the normal work of the separation mechanism 5 and the switching mechanism 7.

[0046] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that: due to the device working environment may contact the water in the fracturing fluid and other corrosive media, the first spring 503 and the second spring 706 are made of stainless steel material, stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance, can effectively resist the corrosion factors in the environment, avoid the spring rust and lead to the weakening or failure of the spring elasticity; at the same time, the stainless steel material has stable elastic performance, can keep its elastic properties in the long-term stretching and deformation, so as to ensure that the separation mechanism 5 can accurately control the blocking and release of the ball, the switching mechanism 7 can smoothly complete the position switching of the pre-separation groove 401, and the stable operation of the whole device is ensured.

[0047] The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0048] The main problem solved by the embodiment is: by setting the two separation mechanisms, the separation mechanism 5 and the switching mechanism 7 linkage, combined with the conveying of the spiral channel 301 and the structure design of each component, the problems of disorder of ball throwing, easy to fall or block of multiple balls, low accuracy of switching and throwing of different diameter balls, and poor stability of the mechanism caused by environmental influence in the fracturing ball throwing process in the prior art are solved.

[0049] The specific steps are as follows:

[0050] S1, ball throwing preparation: open the protective cover 303 and put a plurality of balls into the spiral channel 301 inside the upper layer pipe 3 from the feeding port 302 in turn, then close the protective cover 303 and buckle the buckle to prevent foreign matter from entering; the ball rolls along the inner wall of the spiral channel 301 under the action of its own gravity, and finally moves to the discharge port 304 at the bottom.

[0051] S2, ball enters the pre-separation groove: in the initial state, one of the pre-separation grooves 401 on the rotating disc 4 is located below the discharge port 304, and the ball falls into the pre-separation groove 401 from the discharge port 304. At this time, in the separation mechanism 5 in the pre-separation groove 401, the baffle 502 is initially in an upward inclined state, the gravity of the single ball makes the baffle 502 overcome the elastic force of the first spring 503 and rotate downward, the lower end of the baffle 502 forms a closed structure with the inner wall of the pre-separation groove 401, and the subsequent ball is blocked from entering the pre-separation groove 401, so that the ball enters the pre-separation groove 401 one by one;

[0052] S3, pre-separation groove position switching: start the drive assembly of the switching mechanism 7, drive the hollow sleeve 709 to move downward through the extension end of the electric push rod 708, drive the straight sliding sleeve 704 on the limiting round rod 703 to slide downward, the straight sliding sleeve 704 compresses the second spring 706, at the same time, drives the sliding block 705 to slide in the half-week guide groove 702 of the cylindrical cam 701, promotes the cylindrical cam 701 to rotate half a week, and then drives the rotating disc 4 to rotate half a week through the central shaft 6;

[0053] S4, the ball enters the base: after the rotation of the rotating disc 4, the pre-division groove 401 containing the ball switches to the position communicated with the receiving port 103 of the base 1, and the bottom of the pre-division groove 401 is supported by the top of the base 1, the ball enters the reduced diameter part 102 inside the base 1 from the pre-division groove 401 through the receiving port 103 under the action of its own gravity, and then is discharged from the ball outlet 101 at the bottom, while another pre-division groove 401 switches to the lower side of the discharging port 304, ready to receive the next ball;

[0054] S5, mechanism reset: after the ball is discharged, the pressure of the ball in the pre-division groove 401 on the baffle 502 disappears, the first spring 503 drives the baffle 502 to reset to the upwardly inclined state, the extended end of the electric push rod 708 is retracted, the second spring 706 releases the elastic force, and drives the straight sliding sleeve 704 and the sliding block 705 to reset, the cylindrical cam 701 and the central shaft 6 are also reset, ready for the next ball throwing and pre-division groove 401 switching;

[0055] S6, repeat the operation: repeat the above steps S2-S5 to realize that the balls enter the wellhead one by one and in order through the receiving port 103 of the base 1, and complete the fracturing ball throwing operation.

[0056] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fracturing device for oil drilling and production wellheads, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) has a middle tube (2) fixedly installed on its top, and an upper tube (3) fixedly installed on its top. The base (1) has a reduced diameter section (102) inside, a ball outlet (101) at the bottom of the base (1) communicating with the reduced diameter section (102), and a material receiving port (103) at the top of the base (1) communicating with the reduced diameter section (102). The upper tube (3) has a spiral channel (301) inside, and a feed inlet (302) at the top of the upper tube (3) communicating with the spiral channel (301). The upper tube (3) is connected to the spiral channel (301) for placing the ball. The bottom of the upper tube (3) is provided with a discharge port (304) connected to the spiral channel (301). A hollow chamber (305) is provided at the center of the upper tube (3). A central shaft (6) is rotatably connected inside the hollow chamber (305). A switching mechanism (7) is provided on the upper side of the central shaft (6). A splitting mechanism is provided inside the middle tube (2). The switching mechanism (7) and the splitting mechanism are connected through the central shaft (6) to realize the control of the ball entering the base (1) one by one. The two-part separation mechanism includes a turntable (4) and a pre-separation groove (401). The turntable (4) is rotatably connected inside the middle layer tube (2). The lower end of the central shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the turntable (4). There are two pre-separation grooves (401), which are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the turntable (4). The bottom of one pre-separation groove (401) is connected to the receiving port (103), and the other pre-separation groove (401) is located on the lower side of the discharge port (304). Each turntable (4) is symmetrically provided with a set of separation mechanisms (5). Each separation mechanism (5) includes a trunnion seat (501), a baffle (502), and a first spring (503). The trunnion seat (501) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pre-dividing groove (401). The baffle (502) rotates slightly through the trunnion seat (501). The first spring (503) is fixedly connected between the baffle (502) and the trunnion seat (501). In the initial state, the baffle (502) is tilted upward. The switching mechanism (7) includes a cylindrical cam (701) and a semi-circular guide. The system includes a groove (702), a limiting rod (703), a straight sliding sleeve (704), a slider (705), a second spring (706), and a drive assembly. The cylindrical cam (701) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central shaft (6). A semi-circular guide groove (702) is provided on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cam (701). One end of the slider (705) is slidably connected in the semi-circular guide groove (702). The limiting rod (703) is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the cylindrical cam (701). The straight sliding sleeve (704) slides... The circumferential surface of the limiting round rod (703) is dynamically connected, and the end of the straight sliding sleeve (704) is fixedly connected to the slider (705). The second spring (706) is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the limiting round rod (703) and the second spring (706) is located on the lower side of the straight sliding sleeve (704). The drive assembly is used to control the straight sliding sleeve (704) to move downward, thereby driving the cylindrical cam (701) to rotate, and finally driving the turntable (4) to rotate half a turn to switch the positions of the two pre-divided slots (401).

2. The oil drilling wellhead fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a support plate (707), an electric push rod (708), and a hollow sleeve (709). The support plate (707) is fixedly connected to the hollow chamber (305), the electric push rod (708) is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (707), the hollow sleeve (709) is fixedly connected to the extended end of the electric push rod (708), and the upper end of the limiting round rod (703) is slidably connected to the hollow sleeve (709).

3. The oil drilling wellhead fracturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protective cover (303) is provided at the feed inlet (302) of the upper tube (3), and a buckle is provided at the closing of the protective cover (303).

4. The oil drilling wellhead fracturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the spiral channel (301) is provided with a wear-resistant layer, which is made of high manganese steel.

5. The oil drilling wellhead fracturing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (1) has a connecting flange at the ball outlet (101), and the circumferential surface of the turntable (4) is smoothly polished.

6. The oil drilling wellhead fracturing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first spring (503) and the second spring (706) are both made of stainless steel to ensure the normal operation of the separation mechanism (5) and the switching mechanism (7).

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