Multi-sensor fusion conservator type borehole stress measuring device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-sensor fusion conservator type borehole stress measuring device and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of mine borehole stress monitoring. Comprising an oil bag, a first pressing plate assembly, a second pressing plate assembly, a third pressing plate assembly, a fourth pressing plate assembly and a plastic package sleeve, the oil bag is a hollow flat cavity, an exhaust assembly and an oil inlet pipe are arranged at the two ends of the oil bag respectively, and the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the oil bag; the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly are arranged at the left end and the right end of the oil bag, the two ends of the first pressing plate assembly and the two ends of the second pressing plate assembly are connected with the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly through linkage structures respectively, and the pressing plate assemblies are wrapped by the plastic package sleeves. The conservator type borehole stress measuring device designed by the patent of the invention can realize monitoring of pressure in multiple directions of a borehole, and the monitoring quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine borehole stress monitoring technology, specifically relating to a multi-sensor fusion oil-pillow type borehole stress measuring device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In mining engineering, borehole stress monitoring is crucial for preventing disasters such as rockbursts. Compared with other methods, borehole stress monitoring can more directly and accurately reflect the stress state of the surrounding rock in the mine, providing an important basis for safe mining and stability assessment.

[0003] Traditional oil-filled borehole stress gauges are widely used for stress monitoring in mining surrounding rock due to their simple structure, low cost, and convenient installation. However, traditional oil-filled borehole stress gauges have several problems: limited by the upper and lower pressure plate structure, the oil bladder can only contact and couple with the borehole coal and rock wall in the vertical direction after it is filled and expanded. It can only sense stress changes in a single vertical direction and cannot monitor the specific direction of pressure. It cannot sense the pressure in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, the uncertain posture of the oil-filled borehole stress gauge after installation affects the monitoring quality and measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-sensor fusion oil-pillow type borehole stress measurement device and its usage method, in order to solve the problems that existing oil-pillow type borehole stress gauges can only sense stress changes in a single vertical direction and cannot monitor the specific direction of pressure, cannot sense horizontal pressure, and the uncertainty of the posture of the oil-pillow type borehole stress gauge after installation affects the monitoring quality.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-sensor fusion oil-pillow type borehole stress measuring device, the borehole stress measuring device comprising an oil bladder, a first pressure plate assembly, a second pressure plate assembly, a third pressure plate assembly, a fourth pressure plate assembly, and a plastic sleeve. The oil bladder is a hollow flat cavity with an exhaust assembly and an oil inlet pipe respectively at both ends. The first and second pressure plate assemblies are located at the upper and lower ends of the oil bladder, and the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies are located at the left and right ends of the oil bladder. The ends of the first and second pressure plate assemblies are connected to the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies respectively through a linkage structure. When the oil bladder is pressurized and injected with oil, the oil bladder expands in the upward and downward direction, pushing the first and second pressure plate assemblies to move upward and downward respectively. At the same time, the first and second pressure plate assemblies push the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies to move to the left and right sides respectively through the linkage structure, and support the horizontal position of the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies after they have moved into place. The plastic sleeve covers the outside of each pressure plate assembly.

[0006] Preferably, strip-shaped protrusions are respectively arranged along the axial center lines of the relative inner surfaces of the first pressure plate assembly and the second pressure plate assembly, and claw plates extending outward on both sides of the strip-shaped protrusions. The claw plates on both sides are inclined at 45°, the relative outer surfaces of the claw plates on both sides are linkage inclined surfaces, the end faces of the claw plates are horizontal support surfaces, and the outer vertical surfaces are vertical support surfaces.

[0007] Axial grooves are respectively provided along the inner sides of the third pressure plate assembly and the fourth pressure plate assembly. The end faces of the two side walls of the axial grooves are planes corresponding to the vertical support surfaces of the claw plates of the first pressure plate assembly and the second pressure plate assembly. The inner sides of the two side wall end faces are respectively formed with inclined support surfaces corresponding to the linkage inclined surfaces of the claw plates of the first pressure plate assembly and the second pressure plate assembly. The inclined support surfaces are inclined at 45°.

[0008] When the linkage structure is in its initial state, the linkage inclined surfaces of the claw plates on both sides of the first and second pressure plate assemblies are in contact with the inclined support surfaces of the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies, respectively. When the oil naan is injected with oil and pressurized to expand, pushing the first and second pressure plate assemblies to move up and down, the thrust generated by the linkage inclined surfaces on the inclined support surfaces pushes the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies to move to the left and right sides, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the first and second pressure plate assemblies are provided with limit guide grooves on the linkage inclined surfaces of the two side claw plates, and correspondingly, the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies are provided with limit guide protrusions on the inclined support surfaces of the two side groove walls, and the limit guide protrusions are inserted into the corresponding limit guide grooves.

[0010] Preferably, strain gauges are fixed on the outer surfaces of the first pressure plate assembly, the second pressure plate assembly, the third pressure plate assembly, and the fourth pressure plate assembly, wherein multiple sets of strain gauges arranged in different directions are fixed on the opposite outer surfaces of the first base plate and the second base plate.

[0011] Preferably, the first pressure plate assembly includes a first base plate located on the upper side of the naan bread. The opposite outer surfaces of the first base plate are arc-shaped, and a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, and a tilt sensor are disposed thereon. The first strain gauge and the second strain gauge are respectively located at both ends of the first base plate. A first wire hole is opened along the axial center line on the opposite outer surface of the first base plate, and the signal lines of the first strain gauge, the second strain gauge, and the tilt sensor are arranged along the first wire hole.

[0012] Preferably, the second pressure plate assembly includes a second base plate located below the naan bread. The opposite outer side of the second base plate is also arc-shaped, and a third strain gauge, a fourth strain gauge, and a fifth strain gauge are evenly distributed along the axial direction on it. A second wire-passing hole is opened along the axial center line on the opposite outer side of the second base plate, and the signal lines of the third strain gauge, the fourth strain gauge, and the fifth strain gauge are arranged along the first wire-passing hole.

[0013] Preferably, the first base plate and the second base plate are of the same length, and both ends of the first base plate extend beyond the two ends of the inner naan bread. The first strain gauge and the second strain gauge of the first pressure plate assembly, as well as the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge of the second pressure plate assembly, are located at the ends of their respective base plates that extend beyond the naan bread.

[0014] Preferably, a T-shaped mounting bracket is connected to one end of the second base plate corresponding to the oil inlet pipe of the naan bread.

[0015] Preferably, the third pressure plate assembly and the fourth pressure plate assembly each include a third base plate and a fourth base plate with the same structure. The third base plate and the fourth base plate are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the oil naan, and their lengths are the same as the length of the oil naan. The opposite outer surfaces of the third base plate and the fourth base plate are also arc-shaped, and a sixth strain rose and a seventh strain rose are fixed at their center positions, respectively. Each of them has a wire hole for setting signal lines along its respective axial center line.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method of using the multi-sensor fusion oil-pillow type borehole stress measurement device as described above, wherein the method of use is specifically as follows:

[0017] Using a push rod to connect to the mounting bracket of the borehole stress measuring device, the device is pushed to the preset position in the borehole. The installation posture of the device, as sensed by the tilt sensor, is then monitored by an external instrument. The push rod is rotated to adjust the device, ensuring that the first and second pressure plate assemblies are vertically aligned, and the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies are horizontally aligned. The angle between the normal direction of the first and second pressure plate assemblies and the vertical direction is no greater than 5°.

[0018] The oil bladder, acting as the first sensing sensor, expands and deforms after being injected with hydraulic oil. During this expansion, it pushes the first and second pressure plate assemblies to move vertically and couple with the upper and lower coal and rock walls of the borehole, measuring the stress magnitude in the vertical direction. Simultaneously, multiple strain gauges on the first and second pressure plate assemblies act as the second sensing sensor, detecting the direction of external pressure. While the first and second pressure plate assemblies move vertically under the action of the oil bladder, a linkage structure drives the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies to move horizontally left and right. Upon reaching their positions, the oil bladder supports the horizontal positions of the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies, which then couple with the coal and rock walls on the left and right sides of the borehole, respectively. The strain gauges within the third and fourth pressure plate assemblies measure the magnitude and direction of the stress in the horizontal direction.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advancement of the multi-sensor fusion oil-pillow type borehole stress measurement device provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0020] 1. The drilling stress measuring device provided by the present invention has a first pressure plate assembly, a second pressure plate assembly, a third pressure plate assembly and a fourth pressure plate assembly respectively set in the vertical and horizontal directions of the oil naan. Strain rosettes are set on the opposite outer surfaces of the four pressure plate assemblies, which can simultaneously monitor pressure from multiple directions including vertical and horizontal directions, thereby improving the monitoring quality.

[0021] 2. The strain gauges at both ends of the first and second pressure plate assemblies of the borehole stress measuring device provided by the present invention are located outside the length range of the oil slab, and the strain gauges on the two pressure plate assemblies are fixed in different directions, which further expands the monitoring range of borehole stress.

[0022] 3. The drilling stress measuring device provided by the present invention has a linkage structure between the four pressure plates. While the first pressure plate assembly and the second pressure plate assembly move vertically, they can push the third pressure plate assembly and the fourth pressure plate assembly to move horizontally. After moving into place, they support the horizontal position of the third pressure plate assembly and the fourth pressure plate assembly, realizing the synchronous outward expansion of the drilling stress measuring device in four directions, both horizontal and vertical. This allows the device to fully fit the inner wall of the borehole and improve the reliability of borehole stress monitoring.

[0023] 4. The first pressure plate assembly of the borehole stress measuring device provided by the present invention is equipped with an inclination sensor, which enables the viewing and adjustment control of the attitude of the borehole stress measuring device after installation, ensuring the installation quality of the borehole stress measuring device and improving the measurement accuracy of the stress gauge. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the borehole stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the borehole stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the first pressure plate assembly of the drilling stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention (with the first cover plate removed);

[0027] Figure 4 This is a front view of the first pressure plate assembly of the drilling stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a top view of the second pressure plate assembly of the borehole stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention (with the second cover plate removed);

[0029] Figure 6 This is a front view of the second pressure plate assembly of the drilling stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a left view of the first pressure plate assembly and the second pressure plate assembly of the drilling stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a front view of the third pressure plate assembly of the drilling stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the third pressure plate assembly of the drilling stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation posture of the borehole stress measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the borehole stress measuring device after pressure expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure, 1 is the oil bladder, 2 is the first pressure plate assembly, 3 is the second pressure plate assembly, 4 is the third pressure plate assembly, 5 is the fourth pressure plate assembly, 6 is the plastic sleeve, 11 is the exhaust assembly, 12 is the oil inlet pipe, 21 is the first base plate, 22 is the first strain gauge, 23 is the tilt sensor assembly, 24 is the second strain gauge, 25 is the first cover plate, 26 is the fixing screw, 211 is the fixing sealant cavity, 212 is the first wire passage hole, 213 is the long strip protrusion, 214 is the claw plate, 215 is the vertical support surface, 216 is the horizontal support surface, 217 is the limiting guide groove, 218 is the linkage inclined surface, 31 is the second base plate, 32 is the third strain gauge, 33 is the fourth strain gauge, 34 is the fifth strain gauge, 35 is the second cover plate, 36 is the mounting bracket, 312 is the second wire passage hole, 41 is the third base plate, 42 is the sixth strain gauge, 43 is the third cover plate, 412 is the third wire passage hole, 413 is the linkage inclined surface, 414 is the groove wall end face, 415 is the limiting protrusion, and 416 is the limiting guide protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 , 2 This invention provides an embodiment of a multi-sensor fusion-based oil-pillow type borehole stress measurement device. In this embodiment, the borehole stress measurement device includes an oil bladder 1, a first pressure plate assembly 2, a second pressure plate assembly 3, a third pressure plate assembly 4, a fourth pressure plate assembly 5, and a plastic sleeve 6. The oil bladder 1 is a hollow, flat cavity, with an exhaust assembly 11 and an oil inlet pipe 12 welded to both ends. The exhaust assembly 11 uses existing technology, achieving venting and sealing of the oil bladder 1 by tightening or loosening screws. The oil inlet pipe 12 is used to connect to an oil injection device to inject hydraulic oil into the hollow cavity of the oil bladder 1. The first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the oil bladder, and the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 are symmetrically arranged at the left and right ends of the oil bladder. The two ends of the relatively inner parts of the first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 are respectively connected to the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 through a linkage structure. The first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 move vertically up and down under the action of oil expansion from the oil bladder 1, while simultaneously driving the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 to move horizontally left and right through a linkage structure. After disengaging from the linkage, the first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 continue to move vertically up and down, forming a vertical planar contact, providing support for the horizontal forces on the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5. The plastic sleeve 6, made of integral or segmented high-elasticity rubber, covers the outside of the borehole stress measuring device and is positioned near both ends of the device, encasing the oil bladder 1, the first pressure plate assembly 2, the second pressure plate assembly 3, the third pressure plate assembly 4, and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 as a whole.

[0038] Combined with appendix Figure 3 , 4As shown, the first pressure plate assembly 2 includes a first base plate 21, which is located on the upper side of the oil naan 1. The outer surfaces of the first base plate 21 are arc-shaped, and a horizontal mounting surface is formed in the middle. A first strain gauge 22, a second strain gauge 24, and a tilt sensor 23 are fixed on the horizontal mounting surface by a fixed adhesive sealing cavity 211. The length of the first base plate 21 is greater than the length of the oil naan 1, and its two ends extend beyond the oil naan 1. The first strain gauge 23 and the second strain gauge 24 are respectively set in different directions at the two ends of the first base plate 21 that extend beyond the oil naan 1. The tilt sensor 23 is located in the center of the first base plate 21. A first through hole 212 is opened along the axial center line on the outer surface of the first base plate 21. The first through hole 212 extends out from one end of the first base plate 21 corresponding to the oil inlet pipe 12. The signal lines of the first strain gauge 22, the second strain gauge 24, and the tilt sensor 23 are arranged along the first through hole 212 and connected to the monitoring instrument outside the borehole. A first cover plate 25 is provided on the horizontal mounting surface of the first base plate 21 to cover the strain gauge and tilt sensor. The bottom surface of the first cover plate 25 is flat and the top surface is curved. It is connected and fixed to the first base plate 21 by screws. After fixing, its top surface is flush with the first base plate 21.

[0039] Combined with appendix Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the second pressure plate assembly 3 includes a second base plate 31, which is located below the oil naan 1. Its structure is the same as the first base plate 21. The outer surfaces of the second base plate 31 are also arc-shaped. A third strain gauge 32, a fourth strain gauge 33, and a fifth strain gauge 34 are evenly distributed axially on its horizontal mounting surface via a fixed adhesive sealing cavity. The third strain gauge 32 and the fourth strain gauge 33 are located at the ends of the second base plate 31, extending beyond the ends of the oil naan 1. A second through-hole 312 is formed along the axial centerline on the outer surface of the second base plate 31. The third strain gauge 32, the fourth strain gauge 33, and the fifth strain gauge 34 are fixed in different directions, and their signal lines are arranged along the first through-hole and connected to monitoring instruments outside the borehole. A second cover plate 35 is fixed to the horizontal mounting surface of the second base plate 31 by screws, covering the three sets of strain gauges. In addition, a T-shaped mounting bracket 36 is fixedly connected to one end of the oil inlet pipe 12 of the oil naan 1 on the second base plate 31. The mounting bracket 36 is used to connect the push rod so as to install the drilling stress measuring device in the borehole.

[0040] Combination Figure 8As shown, the third pressure plate assembly 3 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 4 respectively include a third base plate 41 and a fourth base plate with the same structure. The third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the oil naan 1. The length of the two is the same as the length of the oil naan 1. Taking the third base plate 41 as an example, a sixth strain gauge 42 is fixed at the center position of its opposite outer side, and a third wire hole 412 for setting signal lines is opened along the axial center line for the signal lines to pass through. The third base plate 41 is fixed to the third cover plate 42 by screws on the outside of the sixth strain gauge 42.

[0041] Combination Figure 4 , 6 As shown in Figures 7, 9, 10, and 11, the first base plate 21, the second base plate 31, the third base plate 41, and the fourth base plate are respectively provided with linkage structures on their respective inner surfaces. These linkage structures enable linkage and support between the first pressure plate assembly 2, the second pressure plate assembly 3, the third pressure plate assembly 4, and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5. The linkage structures include…

[0042] Strip-shaped protrusions 213 are respectively arranged along the axial center lines of the relatively inner side surfaces of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31, and claw plates 214 extending outward on both sides of the strip-shaped protrusions 213. The claw plates 214 on both sides are inclined at 45°. The outer side surface of the claw plates 214 on both sides is a linkage inclined surface 218, the end face of the end is a horizontal support surface 216, and the outer vertical surface is a vertical support surface 215.

[0043] Axial grooves are respectively provided along the inner sides of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate. The end faces 414 of the groove walls on both sides of the axial grooves are planes corresponding to the vertical support surfaces 215 of the claw plates 214 of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31. The inner ends of the groove walls 414 on both sides are chamfered to form inclined support surfaces 413 corresponding to the linkage inclined surfaces 218 of the claw plates 214 of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31. The inclined support surfaces 413 are 45° inclined surfaces. Limiting protrusions 415 are respectively provided along the axial center line in the axial grooves of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate.

[0044] Additionally, limit guide grooves 217 are provided at both ends of the linkage inclined surfaces of the claw plates 214 on both sides of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31. Correspondingly, limit guide protrusions 416 are provided at both ends of the inclined support surfaces 413 on both sides of the groove walls of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate. In the initial state of the drilling stress measuring device, the limit guide protrusions 416 are inserted into the corresponding limit guide grooves 217. The elongated protrusions 213 on the opposite inner surfaces of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31 abut against the top and bottom surfaces of the oil naan bread 1, respectively. The horizontal support surfaces 216 of the claw plates 214 on both sides of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31 abut against the limit protrusions 415 of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate on both sides, respectively. The linkage inclined surfaces 218 of the claw plates 214 on both sides are in contact with the inclined support surfaces 413 of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate on both sides, respectively. When the oil naan 1 is pressurized and injected with oil, the oil naan 1 expands to the upper and lower sides. The long strip protrusions 213 on the upper and lower sides push the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31 to move to the upper and lower sides respectively. While the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31 are moving, the claw plates 214 on both sides of the first base plate 21 and the inclined support surface 413 of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate respectively through the linkage inclined surface 218, which pushes the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate to move to the left and right sides respectively. The limiting guide protrusion 416 and the limiting guide groove 217 form a guiding limit for the movement of the four sets of base plates. After the linkage inclined surface 218 disengages from the inclined support surface 413, the vertical support surfaces 215 at the ends of the claw plates 214 on both sides of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31 contact the end faces 414 of the groove walls of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate on both sides respectively and can continue to move. After the oil naan 1 expands to the position, the oil naan 1 itself provides support for the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31 in the vertical direction. The vertical support surface 215 and the end faces 414 of the groove wall form a stable support, thereby realizing the horizontal support of the claw plates 214 on both sides of the first base plate 21 and the second base plate 31 for the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate, keeping the positions of the third base plate 41 and the fourth base plate unchanged.

[0045] In this embodiment, a multi-sensor fusion-based oil-pillow type borehole stress measuring device is applied. A push rod is used to connect to the mounting bracket 36. After pushing the borehole stress measuring device to a preset position, the attitude of the borehole stress measuring device, sensed by the tilt sensor 23, is viewed through an external monitoring instrument. Adjustments are made by rotating the push rod, so that the first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 are arranged vertically, and the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 are arranged horizontally. The angle between the normal direction of the first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 and the vertical direction is no greater than ±5°.

[0046] After hydraulic oil is injected into the oil bladder 1, it expands and deforms, acting as the first sensing sensor. During the expansion process, the oil bladder 1 pushes the first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 to move vertically and couple with the upper and lower coal and rock walls of the borehole to measure the magnitude of the stress in the vertical direction. At the same time, multiple strain gauges on the first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 act as the second sensing sensor to sense the direction of the external pressure. While the first pressure plate assembly 2 and the second pressure plate assembly 3 move vertically under the action of the oil bladder 1, the linkage structure drives the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 to move horizontally left and right, providing support for the horizontal position of the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5. The third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 are respectively in contact with and coupled with the coal and rock walls on the left and right sides of the borehole. The strain gauges set in the third pressure plate assembly 4 and the fourth pressure plate assembly 5 are used to measure the magnitude and direction of the stress in the horizontal direction.

[0047] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device, characterized by, The drilling stress measuring device comprises an oil bag, a first pressing plate assembly, a second pressing plate assembly, a third pressing plate assembly, a fourth pressing plate assembly and a plastic sealing sleeve, the oil bag is a hollow flat cavity, exhaust assemblies and oil inlet pipes are arranged at two ends respectively, the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly are arranged at upper and lower ends of the oil bag respectively, the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly are arranged at left and right ends of the oil bag respectively, the two ends of the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly are connected with the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly through linkage structures, when the oil bag is pressurized and filled with oil, the oil bag expands in the upward and downward directions and pushes the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly to move upward and downward respectively, at the same time, the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly push the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly to move to the left and right sides respectively through the linkage structures and support the horizontal positions of the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly after moving to the positions, and the plastic sealing sleeve is wrapped outside the pressing plate assemblies.

2. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage structures are arranged on the opposite inner side surfaces of the first pressing plate assembly, the second pressing plate assembly, the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly and comprise, strip-shaped protrusions arranged along the axial center lines of the opposite inner side surfaces of the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly respectively and claw plates outwardly extending on both sides of the strip-shaped protrusions, the claw plates on both sides are inclined at an angle of 45°, the opposite outer side surfaces of the claw plates on both sides are linkage inclined surfaces, the end surfaces of the claw plate end portions are horizontal support surfaces and the outer vertical surfaces are vertical support surfaces, axial grooves arranged along the opposite inner side surfaces of the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly respectively, the end surfaces of the groove walls on both sides of the axial grooves are planes corresponding to the vertical support surfaces of the claw plates of the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly, the opposite inner side ends of the end surfaces of the groove walls on both sides are formed with inclined support surfaces corresponding to the linkage inclined surfaces of the claw plates of the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly, and the inclined support surfaces are inclined at an angle of 45°, when the linkage structures are in an initial state, the linkage inclined surfaces of the claw plates on both sides of the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly are in contact with the inclined support surfaces of the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly respectively, and when the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly move upward and downward, the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly are pushed to move to the left and right sides respectively by the pushing force of the linkage inclined surfaces on the inclined support surfaces.

3. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device according to claim 2, wherein: The linkage inclined surfaces of the claw plates on both sides of the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly are respectively provided with limiting guide grooves, and the inclined support surfaces of the groove walls on both sides of the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly are respectively provided with limiting guide protrusions corresponding to the limiting guide grooves, and the limiting guide protrusions are inserted into the corresponding limiting guide grooves.

4. The multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device of claim 3, wherein: Strain gauges are fixed to the outer surfaces of the first pressing plate assembly, the second pressing plate assembly, the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly respectively, and a plurality of groups of strain gauges arranged in different directions are fixed to the opposite outer side surfaces of the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate respectively.

5. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device according to claim 4, wherein: The first pressing plate assembly comprises a first bottom plate located on the upper side of the oil pad, the opposite outer sides of the first bottom plate are arc-shaped, and a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge and an inclination sensor are arranged on the arc-shaped opposite outer sides, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge are respectively located at the two ends of the first bottom plate, a first wire hole is formed on the arc-shaped opposite outer sides of the first bottom plate along the axial center line, and the signal lines of the first strain gauge, the second strain gauge and the inclination sensor are arranged along the first wire hole.

6. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device according to claim 5, wherein: The second pressing plate assembly comprises a second bottom plate located on the lower side of the oil pad, the opposite outer sides of the second bottom plate are also arc-shaped, and a third strain gauge, a fourth strain gauge and a fifth strain gauge are arranged on the arc-shaped opposite outer sides along the axial center line, and the signal lines of the third strain gauge, the fourth strain gauge and the fifth strain gauge are arranged along the second wire hole.

7. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device according to claim 6, wherein: The first bottom plate and the second bottom plate have the same length, and the two ends of the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate both exceed the two ends of the internal oil pad, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge of the first pressing plate assembly and the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge of the second pressing plate assembly are respectively located at the positions of the two ends of the respective bottom plate exceeding the oil pad.

8. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device according to claim 7, wherein: The second bottom plate is connected with a T-shaped mounting bracket at one end of the oil pad oil inlet pipe.

9. A multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device according to claim 8, wherein: The third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly respectively comprise a third bottom plate and a fourth bottom plate with the same structure, the third bottom plate and the fourth bottom plate are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the oil pad, the lengths of the third bottom plate and the fourth bottom plate are the same as the length of the oil pad, the opposite outer sides of the third bottom plate and the fourth bottom plate are also arc-shaped, the third bottom plate is fixed with a sixth strain gauge at the center position, the fourth bottom plate is fixed with a seventh strain gauge at the center position, and wire holes for arranging signal lines are respectively formed on the third bottom plate and the fourth bottom plate along the respective axial center lines.

10. A method of using a multi-sensor fused oil-pot borehole stress measurement device as claimed in claim 9, characterized by: The use method is specifically as follows: the push rod is connected with the mounting bracket of the borehole stress measuring device, the borehole stress measuring device is pushed to the preset position of the borehole, the installation posture of the borehole stress measuring device sensed by the inclination sensor is observed through the monitoring instrument outside the borehole, the push rod is rotated to adjust the installation posture, the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly are vertically arranged, the third pressing plate assembly and the fourth pressing plate assembly are horizontally arranged, the angle between the normal direction of the first pressing plate assembly and the second pressing plate assembly and the vertical direction is not greater than 5°, The oil bag expands and deforms after being injected with hydraulic oil as the first sensing sensor, and the oil bag pushes the first and second pressing plate assemblies to move up and down along the vertical direction during the expansion process and contact and couple with the upper and lower coal rock walls of the borehole, so as to measure the stress size of the borehole in the vertical direction, while the multiple strain flowers on the first and second pressing plate assemblies serve as the second sensing sensor to sense the direction of the external pressure; the first and second pressing plate assemblies move up and down along the vertical direction under the action of the oil bag, and at the same time, drive the third and fourth pressing plate assemblies to move left and right along the horizontal direction through the linkage structure, and support the horizontal positions of the third and fourth pressing plate assemblies after being moved into position, and the third and fourth pressing plate assemblies contact and couple with the coal rock walls on the left and right sides of the borehole respectively, and the strain flowers arranged in the third and fourth pressing plate assemblies are used to measure the stress size and direction in the horizontal direction.

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