Roller bearing, load detecting device and load detecting method for roller bearing

Abstract

The application provides a kind of roller bearing and load detection equipment and load detection method of roller bearing, it is related to bearing field.The load detection equipment of the roller bearing, the roller bearing includes outer ring, inner ring and roller body, the installation slot is clamped with fixed ring, the installation slot is provided with sealing ring and the sealing ring is arranged in fixed ring, the fixed ring is connected with dust cover, the dust cover is arranged on both sides of inner ring and outer ring, the inner side of dust cover is provided with inner skirt and outer skirt, the outer side of inner ring is provided with the clamping edge of trapezoidal cross section, the inner skirt and outer skirt are respectively attached on both sides of clamping edge, the side of dust cover is provided with slot, the spring is arranged in the slot.The outer ring is provided with installation slot for fixed ring installation, the inner side of fixed ring is provided with dust cover and the inner skirt and outer skirt that are mutually engaged with clamping edge, at the same time, spring extrudes inner skirt and outer skirt, so that inner ring and outer ring can be sealed when relatively rotating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing technology, specifically to a roller bearing, a load testing device, and a load testing method for roller bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Roller bearings are mostly used in large equipment in factory workshops. The equipment in the factory has a lot of noise and vibration, the environment is not very clean, and there is dust or debris floating in the air. These debris may drift into the roller bearing, which will accelerate the wear inside the roller bearing over time.

[0003] Roller bearings are generally used in equipment with high load-bearing capacity. They are larger and heavier, operate at lower speeds, and must withstand greater radial and axial loads. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of roller bearings is much lower than that of 6202 or 6203 bearings. In the load testing process of roller bearings, most existing mechanical equipment uses pressure to measure the axial load. This load measurement method can only roughly determine the axial load of roller bearings, resulting in low accuracy and an inability to achieve precise measurements. Consequently, the failure rate of these bearings remains high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a roller bearing, a load testing device, and a load testing method for roller bearings, solving the problems of dust easily entering roller bearings and low accuracy in axial load measurement.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a load testing device for roller bearings, wherein the roller bearing includes an outer ring, an inner ring, and roller bodies. The inner ring is disposed inside the outer ring, and the roller bodies are disposed between the inner and outer rings via a cage. The outer ring has a first hole and a second hole, which are symmetrically arranged. Mounting grooves are provided on both outer sides of the outer ring, and fixing rings are engaged within each mounting groove. A sealing ring is provided on the mounting groove and disposed within the fixing ring. Each fixing ring is connected to a dust cover, which is disposed on both sides of the inner and outer rings. An inner skirt and an outer skirt are provided on the inner side of each dust cover, and a trapezoidal engaging edge is provided on the outer side of each inner ring. The inner and outer skirts are respectively attached to the two sides of the engaging edge. A groove is provided on the side of each dust cover, and a spring is disposed within each groove.

[0006] The load detection device includes a base and a sealing cover. The sealing cover is fitted onto the mounting groove of the outer ring. A ring-shaped rubber ring is provided on the inner side of the sealing cover. The inner edge of the rubber ring is attached to the top surface of the fitting edge. The base is symmetrically provided with mounting seats. A hydraulic cylinder and a positioning component are respectively installed on opposite sides of the two mounting seats. The roller bearing is located between the hydraulic cylinder and the positioning component. A fixing groove is provided on the side of the positioning component facing the hydraulic cylinder. Multiple distance sensors are arranged in the fixing groove. The distance sensors are circumferentially distributed and face the side of the outer ring. A step is provided in the fixing groove to engage and fix with the mounting groove of the outer ring.

[0007] The drive end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a base via multiple pressure sensors. Multiple clamps are slidably connected to the base in a radial circumferential manner. Each clamp has a support arm hinged to its inner side. The side of each support arm that is close to the other is hinged to the drive end of the electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod is fixed to the end of the base. The clamps are used to hold the inner ring. The end of the base abuts against the side of the inner ring away from the positioning element.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing groove is provided with multiple cylinders, and each cylinder has a fixing plate fixed to its driving end. The fixing plates are pressed against the outer side of the outer ring through the positioning member.

[0009] Preferably, one of the mounting bases is equipped with an air pump, which is connected to a plug one via a first corrugated pipe. The plug one and the hole one are interlocked. An air outlet chamber is provided on the base, and an impeller is rotatably arranged inside the air outlet chamber. A rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the impeller, and a Hall sensor is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The Hall sensor is installed outside the air outlet chamber. The air outlet chamber is connected to a second corrugated pipe, which is connected to a plug two. The plug two and the hole two are interlocked. The second corrugated pipe is located at the blades of the impeller. An air outlet hole is provided on the air outlet chamber.

[0010] Preferably, a load testing method for roller bearings includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1, Tool Assembly: Remove the dust covers on both sides of the roller bearing, and put the sealing cover on the mounting groove on the outer side of the outer ring. At this time, the inner edge of the rubber ring is aligned with the top of the locking edge. Then, put the roller bearing into the fixing groove. The cylinder fixes the roller bearing to the positioning part through the fixing plate. The cylinder moves the base to the side of the inner ring away from the positioning part. At this time, the electric telescopic rod retracts, causing the support arm to drive the clamp to press against the inner wall of the inner ring, fixing the inner ring. The tool assembly is complete.

[0012] Step 2, Equipment Inspection: Connect plug one and plug two to each other using the two connectors. The air pump supplies a constant airflow to the air outlet chamber through the first and second bellows. The maximum speed of the impeller is measured by the Hall sensor.

[0013] Step 3, Axial load detection of bearing: The hydraulic cylinder provides the maximum pressure that the bearing design performance can withstand, causing the inner and outer rings to misalign axially. At the same time, the air pump is started. The air pump enters the same constant airflow as in Step 2 through the first bellows and plug one, filling the roller bearing with gas. The gas enters the second hole through the roller bearing and then passes through the second plug and the second bellows into the air outlet chamber. The gas drives the impeller, which rotates through the shaft. The rotation speed of the shaft is measured by the Hall sensor.

[0014] Step 3: Bearing Inspection

[0015] a. If the axial load of the roller bearing is weaker than designed or the inner and outer rings are poorly assembled, the rubber ring and the locking edge will be misaligned. Gas will flow out from the misalignment gap, and less air will enter the air outlet chamber. The speed of the impeller sensed by the Hall sensor is much lower than the speed of the impeller in step two, which proves that the bearing axial load quality is poor.

[0016] b. If the rotational speed measured by the Hall sensor is infinitely close to the impeller speed in step two, it proves that the bearing axial load quality is good.

[0017] This invention provides a roller bearing, a load testing device, and a load testing method for roller bearings. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The invention features an outer ring with an mounting groove for installing a fixed ring. The inner side of the fixed ring is provided with a dust cover and inner and outer skirts that interlock with the locking edge. Simultaneously, a spring compresses the inner and outer skirts, ensuring a seal when the inner and outer rings rotate relative to each other. This prevents dust or particles from entering the bearing housing and roller body, ensuring proper bearing operation and allowing it to run in a clean environment for an extended period, thus guaranteeing its long service life.

[0019] This invention utilizes a bearing axial load testing device and method. A hydraulic cylinder provides the bearing with the maximum pressure its design can withstand, causing axial misalignment between the inner and outer rings. Simultaneously, an air pump is activated, allowing a constant airflow (similar to step two) to enter through a first bellows and plug one into a first hole, filling the roller bearing with gas. The gas then passes through the roller bearing into a second hole, and subsequently through plug two and the second bellows into the outlet chamber. The gas drives an impeller, which rotates via a shaft. The shaft speed is measured by a Hall sensor. The inner and outer rings are misaligned under pressure, causing misalignment between the inner edge of the rubber ring and the engagement edge. This misalignment creates a gap, allowing gas to escape. The Hall sensor detects an abnormal rotational speed, thus determining the bearing's axial pressure. This gas-based method accurately and efficiently measures whether the inner and outer rings have shifted. This measurement method is precise and efficient, requiring no precision instruments, and achieves accurate and efficient bearing axial load and assembly pass rate determination, resulting in a high yield rate for tested bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the roller bearing of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 The roller bearing of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the load testing device for roller bearings according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top view of the air outlet chamber of the load detection device for roller bearings of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the positioning component of the load detection device for roller bearings of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the sealing cover of the roller bearing load detection device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber ring and the engaging edge of the roller bearing load detection device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 The load testing device for roller bearings of the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0028] The components are as follows: 1. Inner ring; 2. Outer ring; 3. Hole 1; 4. Hole 2; 5. Roller body; 6. Dust cover; 7. Fixing ring; 8. Mounting groove; 9. Sealing ring; 10. Groove; 11. Spring; 12. Outer skirt; 13. Engaging edge; 14. Inner skirt; 15. Sealing cover; 16. Rubber ring; 17. Base; 18. Mounting seat; 19. Hydraulic cylinder; 20. Air pump; 21. First bellows; 22. Plug 1; 23. Hall sensor; 24. Impeller; 25. Air outlet chamber; 26. Second bellows; 27. Distance sensor; 28. Cylinder; 29. ​​Plug 2; 30. Clamping piece; 31. Support arm; 32. Electric telescopic rod; 33. Base; 34. Pressure sensor; 35. Rotating shaft; 36. Fixing groove; 37. Fixing plate; 38. Positioning component. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] Reference Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a load testing device for roller bearings. The roller bearing includes an outer ring 2, an inner ring 1, and roller bodies 5. The inner ring 1 is disposed inside the outer ring 2. The roller bodies 5 are disposed between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 via a cage. The outer ring 2 is provided with a first hole 3 and a second hole 4, which are symmetrically arranged. Mounting grooves 8 are provided on both outer sides of the outer ring 2. Fixing rings 7 are engaged in each mounting groove 8. Sealing rings 9 are provided on the mounting grooves 8 and are disposed within the fixing rings 7. Dust covers 6 are connected to the fixing rings 7. The dust covers 6 are disposed on both sides of the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2. Inner skirts 14 and outer skirts 12 are provided on the inner sides of the dust covers 6. A trapezoidal engaging edge 13 is provided on the outer side of the inner ring 1. Side 14 and outer skirt 12 are respectively attached to both sides of the engaging side 13. The dust cover 6 has grooves 10 on its side, and springs 11 are installed in each groove 10. The bearing outer ring 2 is fixed to the equipment. The mounting groove 8 on the outer ring 2 cooperates with the equipment to fix it. The compression of the fixing ring 7 makes the fixing ring 7 and the sealing ring 9 achieve bearing sealing. The grease filling inside can also prevent it from flowing out due to rotation. The inner skirt 14 and outer skirt 12 of the dust cover 6 and the engaging part 13 are interlocked and attached to each other. When the inner ring 1 rotates, the engaging part 13 and the inner skirt 14 rotate relative to the outer skirt 12 to achieve sealing during the operation of the bearing. The spring 11 is a circular spring used to pull the dust cover 6 so that the inner skirt 14 and outer skirt 12 are always pressed against the engaging side 13.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] Reference Figures 1-8 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides a load testing device for roller bearings, including a base 17 and a sealing cover 15. The sealing cover 15 is fitted onto the mounting groove 8 of the outer ring 2. An annular rubber ring 16 is provided on the inner side of the sealing cover 15. The inner edge of the rubber ring 16 is attached to the top surface of the engaging edge 13. Mounting seats 18 are symmetrically arranged on the base 17. A hydraulic cylinder 19 and a positioning element 38 are respectively installed on opposite sides of the two mounting seats 18. The roller bearing is placed between the hydraulic cylinder 19 and the positioning element 38. A fixing groove 36 is provided on the side of the positioning element 38 facing the hydraulic cylinder 19. Multiple distance sensors 27 are arranged in the fixing groove 36. The distance sensors 27 are circumferentially distributed and face the side of the outer ring 2. A step is provided in the fixing groove 36 to engage and fix with the mounting groove 8 of the outer ring 2. The hydraulic cylinder 19 drives the inner ring 1 of the bearing to move, and the positioning element 38 fixes the outer ring 2 of the bearing, so as to realize the relative movement of the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 to release the load and measure the axial load of the bearing.

[0034] Multiple cylinders 28 are provided on the fixed groove 36. Each cylinder 28 has a fixed plate 37 fixed at its drive end. The fixed plate 37 passes through the positioning member 38 and is pressed against the outside of the outer ring 2. The cylinder 28 is controlled by a pneumatic system to synchronously drive the fixed plate 37 to fix the outer ring 2 of the bearing.

[0035] The driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is connected to a base 33 via multiple pressure sensors 34. Multiple clamps 30 are radially circumferentially slidably connected to the base 33. Each clamp 30 has a support arm 31 hinged to its inner side. The side of the support arm 31 that is close to each other is hinged to the driving end of the electric telescopic rod 32. The electric telescopic rod 32 is fixed to the end of the base 33. The clamps 30 are used to clamp the inner ring 1. The end of the base 33 abuts against the side of the inner ring 1 away from the positioning member 38. The pressure sensors 34 can measure the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder 19. In conjunction with the maximum design load of the bearing, the axial load of the bearing can be measured. The electric telescopic rod 32 uses the support arm to move the clamps 30 away from or close to the inner ring 1 of the bearing to fix or release the bearing.

[0036] One of the mounting bases 18 is equipped with an air pump 20. The air pump 20 is connected to a plug 22 via a first corrugated pipe 21. The plug 22 and the hole 3 are interlocked. An air outlet chamber 25 is provided on the base 17. An impeller 24 is rotatably mounted inside the air outlet chamber 25. A rotating shaft 35 is located in the middle of the impeller 24. One end of the rotating shaft 35 is connected to a Hall sensor 23. The Hall sensor 23 is installed outside the air outlet chamber 25. The air outlet chamber 25 is connected to a second corrugated pipe 26. The second corrugated pipe 26 is connected to a second plug 29. The second plug 29 and the hole 4 are interlocked. The second corrugated pipe 26 is located on the impeller. At the blade of blade 24, an air outlet is provided on the air chamber 25 to form a gas flow channel, enabling accurate bearing measurement. The rubber ring 16 will displace under gas pressure. Therefore, the length of the contact point between the locking edge 13 and the rubber ring, which is the distance of the circumferential displacement of the inner ring of the bearing under a certain pressure, plus the displacement distance of the rubber ring 16 under pressure, is the distance at which the locking edge 13 and the rubber ring 16 meet. In this way, the error of the deformation displacement of the rubber ring 16 under pressure can be accommodated, and the bearing error can be accurately measured. As long as the bearing exceeds the design axial load error, it can be measured as unqualified, and the measurement is accurate.

[0037] Example 3:

[0038] Reference Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a load detection method for roller bearings, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Step 1, Tool Assembly: Remove the dust covers 6 on both sides of the roller bearing, and put the sealing cover 15 into the mounting groove 8 on the outer side of the outer ring 2. At this time, the inner edge of the rubber ring 16 is aligned with the top of the locking edge 13. Then, put the roller bearing into the fixing groove 36. The cylinder 28 fixes the roller bearing to the positioning part 38 through the fixing plate 37. The cylinder 19 moves the base 33 to the side of the inner ring 1 away from the positioning part 38. At this time, the electric telescopic rod 32 retracts, causing the support arm 31 to drive the clamp 30 to press against the inner wall of the inner ring 1, fixing the inner ring 1. The tool assembly is complete.

[0040] Step 2, Equipment Inspection: Connect plug 1 22 and plug 2 29 to each other through the two connectors. The air pump 20 supplies a constant airflow to the air outlet chamber 25 through the first bellows 21 and the second bellows 26. The maximum speed of the impeller 24 is measured by the Hall sensor 23.

[0041] Step 3, Axial load detection of bearing: Hydraulic cylinder 19 provides the maximum pressure that the bearing design performance can withstand, causing the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 to be misaligned axially. At the same time, air pump 20 is started. Air pump 20 introduces the same constant airflow as in step 2 into hole 3 through first bellows 20 and plug 1 22. The roller bearing is filled with gas. The gas enters hole 2 4 through the roller bearing and then passes through plug 2 29 and second bellows 26 into the air outlet chamber 25. The gas drives impeller 24. Impeller 24 rotates through shaft 35. The rotation speed of shaft 35 is measured by Hall sensor 23. The gas pressure is the same in the closed space. Therefore, if the gas leaks here, it will inevitably cause the impeller 24 to rotate less.

[0042] Step 3: Bearing Inspection

[0043] a. If the axial load of the roller bearing is weaker than designed or the inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 are poorly assembled, the rubber ring 16 and the locking edge 13 will be misaligned. Gas will flow out from the misalignment gap, and less air will enter the air outlet chamber 25. The speed of the impeller 24 sensed by the Hall sensor 23 is much less than the speed of the impeller 24 in step two, which proves that the axial load quality of the bearing is poor.

[0044] b. If the rotational speed measured by Hall sensor 23 is infinitely close to the rotational speed of impeller 24 in step two, it proves that the axial load quality of the bearing is good.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A load testing device for roller bearings: The roller bearing comprises an outer ring (2), an inner ring (1), and a roller body (5), characterized in that: The inner ring (1) is disposed inside the outer ring (2). The roller body (5) is disposed between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2) by means of a retainer. The outer ring (2) is provided with a hole 1 (3) and a hole 2 (4), which are symmetrically arranged. The outer ring (2) is provided with mounting grooves (8) on both outer sides. A fixing ring (7) is engaged in each mounting groove (8). A sealing ring (9) is provided on the mounting groove (8) and is disposed in the fixing ring (7). All rings (7) are connected to dust covers (6). The dust covers (6) are set on both sides of the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2). The inner side of the dust cover (6) is provided with an inner skirt (14) and an outer skirt (12). The outer side of the inner ring (1) is provided with a trapezoidal snap-fit ​​edge (13). The inner skirt (14) and the outer skirt (12) are respectively attached to both sides of the snap-fit ​​edge (13). The side of the dust cover (6) is provided with a slot (10). A spring (11) is provided in the slot (10). The load detection device includes a base (17) and a sealing cover (15). The sealing cover (15) is fitted onto the mounting groove (8) of the outer ring (2). An annular rubber ring (16) is provided on the inner side of the sealing cover (15). The inner edge of the rubber ring (16) is attached to the top surface of the engaging edge (13). Mounting seats (18) are symmetrically arranged on the base (17). A hydraulic cylinder (19) and a positioning component (38) are respectively installed on opposite sides of the two mounting seats (18). The roller bearing is arranged between the hydraulic cylinder (19) and the positioning component (38). A fixing groove (36) is provided on the side of the positioning component (38) facing the hydraulic cylinder (19). Multiple distance sensors (27) are arranged in the fixing groove (36). The distance sensors (27) are circumferentially distributed and face the side of the outer ring (2). A step is provided in the fixing groove (36) that engages and fixes with the mounting groove (8) of the outer ring (2). The driving end of the hydraulic cylinder (19) is connected to a base (33) via multiple pressure sensors (34). Multiple clamps (30) are radially circumferentially slidably connected to the base (33). Each clamp (30) has a support arm (31) hinged to its inner side. The side of the support arm (31) that is close to each other is hinged to the driving end of the electric telescopic rod (32). The electric telescopic rod (32) is fixed to the end of the base (33). The clamps (30) are used to clamp the inner ring (1). The end of the base (33) abuts against the side of the inner ring (1) away from the positioning member (38).

2. The load testing device for roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple cylinders (28) are provided on the fixed groove (36). Each cylinder (28) has a fixed plate (37) fixed at its drive end. The fixed plate (37) passes through the positioning member (38) and is pressed against the outside of the outer ring (2).

3. The load testing device for roller bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that: One of the mounting bases (18) is equipped with an air pump (20), which is connected to a plug (22) via a first corrugated pipe (21). The plug (22) and the hole (3) are plugged into each other. An air outlet chamber (25) is provided on the base (17). An impeller (24) is rotatably arranged inside the air outlet chamber (25). A rotating shaft (35) is provided in the middle of the impeller (24). One end of the rotating shaft (35) is connected to a Hall sensor (23). The Hall sensor (23) is installed outside the air outlet chamber (25). The air outlet chamber (25) is connected to a second corrugated pipe (26). The second corrugated pipe (26) is connected to a plug (29). The plug (29) and the hole (4) are plugged into each other. The second corrugated pipe (26) is located at the blade of the impeller (24). An air outlet hole is provided on the air outlet chamber (25).

4. A load testing method for roller bearings, wherein the load testing method uses the load testing equipment described in claim 3, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1, Tool Assembly: Remove the dust covers (6) on both sides of the roller bearing, and put the sealing cover (15) on the mounting groove (8) on the outside of the outer ring (2). At this time, the inner edge of the rubber ring (16) is directly opposite the top of the snap-fit ​​edge (13). Then, put the roller bearing into the fixing groove (36). The cylinder (28) fixes the roller bearing on the positioning part (38) through the fixing plate (37). The cylinder (19) moves the base (33) to the side of the inner ring (1) away from the positioning part (38). At this time, the electric telescopic rod (32) retracts, causing the support arm (31) to drive the clamp (30) to press against the inner wall of the inner ring (1) to fix the inner ring (1). The tool assembly is complete. Step 2, Equipment Inspection: Connect plug one (22) and plug two (29) to each other through the two connectors. The air pump (20) supplies a constant airflow to the air outlet chamber (25) through the first bellows (21) and the second bellows (26). The maximum speed of the impeller (24) is measured by the Hall sensor (23). Step 3, Axial load detection of bearing: The hydraulic cylinder (19) provides the maximum pressure that the bearing design performance can withstand, causing the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) to be misaligned in the axial direction. At the same time, the air pump (20) is started. The air pump (20) uses the first bellows (20) and plug one (22) to bring the same constant airflow as in step 2 into hole one (3). The roller bearing is filled with gas. The gas enters hole two (4) through the roller bearing and then passes through plug two (29) and the second bellows (26) to enter the air outlet chamber (25). The gas drives the impeller (24). The impeller (24) rotates through the shaft (35). The rotation speed of the shaft (35) is measured by the Hall sensor (23). Step 3: Bearing Inspection a. If the axial load of the roller bearing is weaker than designed or the inner ring (1) and outer ring (2) are poorly assembled, the rubber ring (16) and the snap-fit ​​edge (13) will be misaligned. Gas will flow out from the misalignment gap, and less air will enter the air outlet chamber (25). The speed of the impeller (24) sensed by the Hall sensor (23) is much less than the speed of the impeller (24) in step two, which proves that the axial load quality of the bearing is poor. b. If the rotational speed measured by the Hall sensor (23) is infinitely close to the rotational speed of the impeller (24) in step two, it proves that the axial load quality of the bearing is good.

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