Method for improving air source heat pump and double-heat-source heat pump system

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving an air source heat pump and a double-heat-source heat pump system, belongs to the field of heat pumps, and solves the problem that a heat pump is insufficient in heating capacity in a low-temperature environment, the technical scheme for solving the problem is that a water source heat source is arranged on the basis of an air heat source, and a heat pump working medium absorbs heat of the water source heat source and / or the air heat source in an evaporator; and then the heat flows to the condenser through the compressor, the heat is released in the condenser, and the use of the heat source is switched according to the actual use environment and use requirements. The heat pump is mainly used for improving the heating effect of the heat pump and is particularly suitable for the low-temperature environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application discloses a method for improving an air source heat pump and a dual heat source heat pump system, and belongs to the technical field of heat pumps. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a high-efficiency energy-saving device, a heat pump plays an important role in reducing carbon emissions and addressing climate crisis. Air source heat pumps are the most widely used devices, and there are many practices of replacing coal with electricity in China. While some successful experiences have been achieved, many problems have also been exposed. The most important problem is the adaptability of air source heat pumps to climate and environment. In fact, when the ambient air temperature is about 0℃, the heat pump has begun to deviate from its most suitable operating region, and when the ambient temperature is lower, such as from -5℃ to -40℃, the working environment of the heat pump gradually becomes poor. The heating capacity and the heating performance coefficient greatly decrease, the working medium of the heat pump approaches the limit, the available working medium of the heat pump is very little, the use conditions of the compressor are harsh, the system complexity increases, the investment greatly increases, the equipment reliability decreases, the equipment life is reduced, and the technical and economic feasibility of the system is poor.

[0003] Compared with traditional heating devices such as coal-fired boilers or electric heaters, the adaptability of air source heat pumps to ambient temperature is different, and there is a significant disadvantage. The heating capacity of a boiler or other traditional heating device is basically not affected by the ambient temperature or is slightly affected. The lower the ambient temperature, the greater the heating load, and of course the greater the requirement for the heating capacity of the device. The boiler can increase the heating capacity by increasing the supply of stored fuel, that is, when the temperature is low, more fuel such as coal can be consumed to provide increased heating capacity. This implies a concept of adapting to the change in heating load caused by the change in ambient temperature through energy storage (stored fuel).

[0004] The heating capacity of an air source heat pump is significantly affected by the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature decreases, the heating capacity of the air source heat pump decreases greatly. At the same time, the air source heat pump does not have the means to increase the heating capacity by increasing the input of energy storage (stored fuel) like a boiler. Therefore, the following situations occur. On the one hand, in the case of low ambient temperature, the heating load increases greatly, and on the other hand, the low ambient temperature leads to a great decrease in the heating capacity of the heat pump. The two changes in the opposite direction cause the matching of the heat supply side and the heat user side (i.e. the heating load side) of the heat pump as a heating device to greatly deviate from the range of technical and economic feasibility, that is, the matching power of the heat pump greatly changes under the condition of change in ambient temperature, and the service life of the device decreases and the failure rate increases. The decrease in service life is a direct concept. The service life of a heat pump in a low ambient temperature environment, such as a conventional air conditioner (mainly for refrigeration), is usually only about half of that in a high ambient temperature environment.

[0005] The prior art refers to normal heating of a heat pump under extremely low temperature conditions, such as -25℃ or -35℃ or even lower temperature, and the heat pump stably operates to supply heat. Actually, this is at the expense of a large reduction in energy efficiency and heating capacity and a large increase in cost, and simultaneously results in a reduction in system reliability and an increase in equipment complexity. This can be a wrong configuration and application of the heat pump, and also harms the reputation of the heat pump. Because the heat pump under adverse environmental temperature conditions not only has high investment, low energy efficiency and poor economic benefits, but also, such as comprehensive overall analysis, including the heat-electricity conversion efficiency of a power plant, the energy and resources consumed by the heat pump equipment, etc., the heat pump heating does not have advantages in primary energy efficiency and carbon reduction compared with a conventional boiler heating system. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem of insufficient heating capacity of a heat pump under low temperature environment, and a method for improving an air source heat pump and a dual heat source heat pump system are provided, and a second heat source is added to particularly improve the heating effect of the heat pump under low temperature environment.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: The method for improving an air source heat pump, the heat pump is provided with a refrigeration circuit and a heat pump working medium circulating in the refrigeration circuit, a second heat source other than an air heat source is added to the heat pump, and the heat pump takes heat from any one of the two heat sources or simultaneously takes heat from the two heat sources; the second heat source releases heat to the heat pump through phase change of water, i.e. solidification of liquid water into solid ice; in the specification of the present application, the second heat source is sometimes recorded as a water source heat source.

[0008] The liquid water has at least one of the following source modes: 1) The circulating water formed after the solid ice is melted by using waste heat generated by the condensing end of the heat pump or external input heat (such as solar heat collection, electric heating, etc.), so as to realize cascade utilization of heat and closed loop circulation; 2) In the process of taking heat from air, the air is cooled to below the dew point by a low temperature evaporator, the water vapor in the air is condensed and collected, and then it is guided to the icing heat exchanger to solidify and release heat, so as to realize the collaborative energy recovery process of "taking heat-taking water-reheating"; Or, 3) Directly supplementing liquid water from outside, such as rainwater, surface water or underground water, and combining with renewable low-grade heat energy (such as geothermal heat, solar preheating, etc.) to carry out icing heating, so as to fully utilize the free energy widely existing in nature; The liquid water in the present application is not limited to a certain kind of water, including fresh water, seawater, industrial wastewater, reclaimed water, etc., and any liquid water capable of releasing heat from liquid water to solid ice is within the scope of the present application.

[0009] The solid ice is at least one of stored, drained or melted for forming the liquid water.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The first two sources of the liquid water achieve efficient recovery of internal energy and air water supply heat, and the third source is convenient for combining solar energy, geothermal energy and other natural energy. The dual heat source design enables the heat pump working medium to take heat from the air and the water source separately or simultaneously, effectively increases the evaporation temperature, reduces the compressor load, and overcomes the defects of the traditional air source heat pump, such as insufficient heat absorption, easy frosting, and efficiency reduction in low temperature and high humidity environment.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the heat pump takes heat from the air heat source and / or the second heat source according to one of the following principles: The air heat source is used preferentially, and when the air source cannot meet the heating demand, the second heat source is switched to; When taking heat from the second heat source and the air heat source, the higher the evaporation temperature that the heat pump working medium can reach, the corresponding heat source is preferentially selected; When the condensation temperature of the heat pump working medium changes over time, in the process of selecting the heat source, the air heat source supplies heat to the heat pump working medium with low condensation temperature, and the second heat source supplies heat to the heat pump working medium with high condensation temperature.

[0012] According to the foregoing technical solution, the heat pump switches the heat source according to the change of the environmental temperature and the heating demand, so that the heat pump can better adapt to the use demand with lower consumption, thereby improving the efficiency and heating performance of the heat pump, enabling the heat pump to overcome the influence caused by the environmental temperature, and significantly improving the service life of the heat pump in harsh environment.

[0013] As preferred, in the state of selecting the air heat source as the heat source, when the air source evaporator needs to be defrosted, then switch to the water source evaporator to take heat from the second heat source; when the air source evaporator defrosting is completed, then switch back to the air source evaporator to take heat from the air heat source; in the state of selecting the second heat source as the heat source, when the water source evaporator needs to be deiced, then switch to the air source evaporator to take heat from the air heat source; when the water source evaporator deicing is completed, then switch back to the water source evaporator to take heat from the second heat source. With the foregoing technical solution, when the second heat source is the heat source, the air source evaporator no longer takes heat from the air heat source, and after the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the condenser flows through the air source evaporator, the heat of the heat pump working medium can defrost the air source evaporator, without consuming other energy to defrost the air source evaporator alone, and without stopping the entire heat pump, which can effectively reduce the influence of frost on the air source evaporator, enable the air source evaporator to complete defrosting in the process of operation, reduce the possibility of damage to the air source evaporator due to defrosting, and effectively improve the utilization rate of heat; when the air heat source is the heat source, the water source evaporator no longer takes heat from the second heat source, and after the heat pump working medium takes heat from the air source evaporator and passes through the water source evaporator, the heat of the heat pump working medium can melt the ice on the water source evaporator, without consuming other energy to deice the water source evaporator alone, and without stopping the entire heat pump, which can effectively reduce the influence of ice on the water source evaporator, enable the water source evaporator to complete deicing in the process of operation, reduce the possibility of damage to the water source evaporator due to icing, and effectively improve the utilization rate of heat.

[0014] As preferred, in the source mode one, the heat generated by the heat pump itself melts the solid ice, specifically: the supercooling of the heat pump working medium provides heat to melt the solid ice, and / or the excess heat of the heat pump at partial load is utilized.

[0015] As preferred, the melting of the solid ice is achieved by using valley electricity, which can save the cost of electricity and reduce the cost of ice melting.

[0016] The application also discloses a dual-heat-source heat pump system, which comprises a refrigeration circuit, an air heat source system and a second heat source system; the refrigeration circuit comprises an evaporator connected with the air heat source system and / or the second heat source system (generally, the refrigeration circuit further comprises a compressor, a condenser and a throttling valve, and the refrigeration circuit is provided with a heat pump working medium), and the evaporator directly takes heat from the air heat source system and / or the second heat source system or indirectly takes heat through a cold medium loop; the second heat source system improves the heat supply of the air heat source system to the refrigeration circuit according to the foregoing method.

[0017] The air heat source system refers to a system taking air as a heat source, which at least comprises a fan for guiding air flow; generally, the system further comprises a shell.

[0018] The second heat source of the present application is water, and the second heat source system refers to a system using the heat of water as the heat source, which at least comprises a water pipe and a pump for guiding the flow of water; and generally comprises a water tank, a water bucket, a water reservoir and other containers for easily storing water. The containers are generally provided with a water inlet hole and an ice outlet hole.

[0019] The evaporator directly takes heat from the air heat source system and / or the second heat source system, or indirectly takes heat through the cold medium loop, that is, the evaporator can directly take heat from the air heat source system or indirectly take heat through the cold medium loop, can directly take heat from the second heat source system or indirectly take heat through the cold medium loop, or take heat from both at the same time.

[0020] The skilled person knows that when the evaporator directly takes heat from the air heat source system, the fan of the air heat source system drives air to flow through the air side of the evaporator; when the evaporator indirectly takes heat from the air heat source system through the cold medium loop, the cold medium loop is connected to the air heat source system, and the cold medium driving device in the cold medium loop drives the cold medium to flow through the air heat source system, exchanges heat with the air driven by the fan to flow through the air heat exchanger, and the cold medium is heated and returns to the evaporator to release heat to the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit.

[0021] The skilled person knows that when the evaporator directly takes heat from the second heat source system, the evaporator is connected to the water container through a water pipe, and the water pipe forms a water flow loop between the evaporator and the water tank. When the evaporator indirectly takes heat from the second heat source system through the cold medium loop, the cold medium loop is connected to the second heat source system, and the cold medium driving device drives the cold medium to flow through the second heat source system, the cold medium is heated, the water in the second heat source system is cooled to become supercooled water, and the cold medium is heated and returns to the evaporator to release heat to the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the refrigeration circuit is provided with two evaporators, namely an air source evaporator and a water source evaporator, the air source evaporator is connected to the air heat source system and takes heat from the air heat source system, and the water source evaporator is connected to the second heat source system and takes heat from the second heat source system.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, a first throttling valve and a second throttling valve are further included, the outlet of the first throttling valve is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of the air source evaporator, the outlet of the second throttling valve is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of the water source evaporator, a bypass with a first on-off valve is provided at the first throttling valve, and a bypass with a second on-off valve is provided at the second throttling valve.

[0024] As preferred, a subcooler is further included, which is connected between the first throttling valve and the condenser of the refrigeration circuit, and the subcooler is connected with the second heat source system through a pipeline to provide heat for the second heat source system. The pipeline forms a subcooling circuit between the subcooler and the water tank of the second heat source system, and a plurality of pumps and valves can be arranged on the subcooling circuit to control the operation according to actual conditions.

[0025] As preferred, the evaporator in the refrigeration circuit is connected with the second heat source system to take heat from the second heat source system; the air heat source system is connected with the second heat source system to provide heat for the second heat source system directly or indirectly through a heat medium circuit; and the medium in the heat medium circuit and the medium in the second heat source system are both water. The specific way in which the air heat source system provides heat for the second heat source system directly or indirectly through the heat medium circuit is the same as the way in which the evaporator is provided with heat.

[0026] When the air heat source system provides heat for the second heat source system indirectly through a water circuit, the water circuit includes a water tank; the air heat source system heats the water in the water tank, which is delivered to each second heat source system through a pipeline, so that the expansion of the water tank in the heat medium circuit can be used to effectively reduce the volume of the water tank in the second heat source system and optimize the structure of the overall system.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present application will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings: Figure 1 For the principles in the present application Figure 1 ; Figure 2 For the principles in the present application Figure 2 ; Figure 3 For the principles in the present application Figure 3 ; Figure 4 For the principles in the present application Figure 4 ; Figure 5 For the structure diagram of Example One in the present application; Figure 6 For the structure diagram of Example Two in the present application; Figure 7 For the structure diagram of Example Three in the present application: Figure 8 For the structure diagram of Example Four in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] From the scientific perspective of system integration, the current application of heat pump technology is still limited to the engineering integration at the technical level, lacking the deep coupling of natural thermodynamic boundary conditions and environmental energy storage mechanisms. In fact, the abnormal expansion characteristics of water (i.e. the density of solid state is less than that of liquid state) endow it with high latent heat storage capacity and interface dynamic regulation function in the phase change process, constituting the passive heat balance system inherent in nature. The present invention realizes the spatiotemporal redistribution of environmental heat through ice-water phase change, which is essentially a distributed heat energy buffering mechanism based on the evolution of material phase state. Existing heat pump systems mostly use active mechanical circulation to forcibly enhance the grade of low-temperature heat source in a non-equilibrium state, ignoring the thermodynamic synergy with environmental phase change medium (such as water body), resulting in a significant decrease in COP and limited stability in low-temperature working conditions. The present invention integrates the ice-water phase change second heat source into the heat pump system, forming a multi-scale thermodynamic matching and dynamic coupling, and realizing the collaborative operation of artificial systems and natural heat balance mechanisms.

[0030] The second heat source of ice-water phase change is mainly based on the process coordination of water-ice to heat the heat pump system with air heat source. The heat pump system can take heat from any one of the two heat sources or simultaneously from both heat sources based on the actual working conditions. The liquid water is the energy source (fuel) of the second heat source, and the source of liquid water can be one of the following: 1) Directly supplementing liquid water from the outside, such as rainwater, surface water or groundwater, combined with renewable low-grade heat energy (such as geothermal, solar preheating, etc.) for ice-making heating, fully utilizing the free energy widely existing in nature; 2) In the process of taking heat from air, the air is cooled below the dew point by the low-temperature evaporator, and the water vapor in the air is condensed and collected, then guided to the ice-making heat exchanger to solidify and release heat, realizing the collaborative energy recovery process of "taking heat-taking water-reheating"; Or, 3) The circulating water formed by melting solid ice using the waste heat generated by the condensing end of the heat pump or external input heat (such as solar heat collection, electric heating, etc.) realizes the cascade utilization and closed-loop circulation of heat; And the solid ice is at least processed by one of the following ways: storage, discharge or melted to form the liquid water.

[0031] The ambient temperature has a great influence on the heating capacity of the air source heat source. In a non-low temperature environment, the air source heat source has obvious advantages in heating capacity, but in a low temperature environment requiring large heating capacity, the air source heat source has a large decrease in heating capacity. The heating capacity of the water source heat source is hardly affected by the ambient temperature, especially in a low ambient air temperature environment, the heating capacity of the water source heat source does not decrease, but increases. The water source heat source is arranged on the basis of the air source heat source, which can effectively make up for the deficiency of the air source heat source in a low temperature environment. For example, in an ambient temperature of -25℃, the required heating capacity is 290kW. If only the air source is used as the heat source, the evaporation temperature of the heat pump is -35℃, and the condensation temperature is 50℃, the power consumption is 160kW. If the water source heat source is arranged on the basis of the air source heat source, the evaporation temperature of the heat pump is -5℃, and the condensation temperature is 50℃, the power consumption is 85kW, which is about half of the original. In an ambient temperature of -10℃, the required heating capacity is 190kW. If only the air source is used as the heat source, the evaporation temperature is -15℃, and the condensation temperature is 50℃, the heating capacity can reach 330kW, which is obviously higher than the heating requirement of 190kW, and the heat pump is large; if the water source heat source is arranged on the basis of the air source heat source, the power consumption of the heat pump is 82kW, and the heating capacity is 195kW, the heating capacity of the double heat source heat pump matches the heating requirement.

[0032] As a typical application of the water source heat source arranged on the basis of the air source heat source of the present application, when the evaporation temperature of the heat pump using the air source as the heat source is higher than the evaporation temperature of the heat pump using water as the heat source, the air source is selected as the heat source of the heat pump. When the evaporation temperature of the heat pump using the air source is lower than the evaporation temperature of the heat pump using water, the water source is selected as the heat source of the heat pump.

[0033] As another typical application of the water source heat source arranged on the basis of the air source heat source of the present application, the heat pump preferentially selects the air source as the heat source, and when the heat pump cannot meet the heating requirement when using the air source as the heat source, the water source is selected as the heat source of the heat pump.

[0034] As another typical application of the water source heat source arranged on the basis of the air source heat source of the present application: the water tank temperature of the heat pump water heater changes greatly, such as from 15℃ to 60℃. When the outdoor air temperature is low, such as lower than -5℃, that is, the evaporation temperature of the heat pump using the air source is lower than the evaporation temperature of the heat pump using water as the heat source, the heat pump can operate with a lower condensation temperature, and the air source is used as the heat source when the condensation temperature is low, and the water is used as the heat source when the condensation temperature is high.

[0035] Figure 1 The heat pump schematic diagram includes an air source heat source AHS and a water source heat source WHS, and the heat pump system 100 obtains heat Qc1 from the air source heat source AHS, obtains heat Qc2 from the water source heat source WHS, and then provides heat Qh to the heat sink HS, that is, the heat user.

[0036] Among them, the water source heat source WHS releases heat to the heat pump through the phase change of water, that is, liquid water condenses into solid ice; the sources of liquid water include dehumidification condensate from the air source heat source, water obtained from the melting of solid ice, and externally replenished water LW.

[0037] The heating methods for air source heat source (AHS) and water source heat source (WHS) to heat pump systems include: direct heat exchange with the heat pump working fluid, or indirect heat exchange with the heat pump working fluid through an intermediate medium, or one heat source directly exchanging heat with the heat pump working fluid while the other heat source indirectly exchanges heat with the heat pump working fluid through an intermediate medium.

[0038] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a typical heat pump system HP to explain the heat exchange process described above. It consists of a condenser 101, an evaporator 102, a compressor 103, a throttling valve 104, and refrigeration pipes 105, which contain refrigerant. The evaporator 102 obtains heat Qc1 from an air source heat source AHS, or heat Qc2 from a water source heat source WHS, or both simultaneously. The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant evaporates after receiving heat. After being compressed by the compressor 103, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas condenses in the condenser 101 and releases heat to the heat sink HS. The condensed liquid refrigerant then returns to the evaporator 102 after being depressurized by the throttling valve 104.

[0039] It should be noted that the heat pump evaporator corresponding to both heat sources is the same, such as... Figure 1 102 in the example; or two heat sources corresponding to independent evaporators, such as Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A variation of a typical heat pump system 100 includes an air-source evaporator 1021 and a water-source evaporator 1022. It should be noted that both the air-source evaporator 1021 and the water-source evaporator 1022 are evaporators; the prefixes "air-source" and "water-source" are only used to distinguish their heat sources.

[0040] Those skilled in the art should understand that Figure 1 Figure 2 The heat pump system shown is a single-cycle heat pump. This invention, which combines an air-source heat source with a water-source heat source, is also applicable to combined heat pumps consisting of multiple independent cycle systems, for example... Figure 8 The heat pump system shown contains two independent circulation systems.

[0041] also, Figure 3 It shows Figure 1Another variation of the typical heat pump system. The heat pump system also contains an independent air source evaporator 1021 and a water source evaporator 1022, corresponding to two heat sources. The system adds a four-way reversing valve 106, and the air source evaporator 1021 and the water source evaporator 1022 are switched through the four-way reversing valve 106. When the heat pump working medium (refrigerant) follows the direction shown by the solid line, the air source evaporator 1021 is a supercooler, the water source evaporator 1022 is an evaporator, the heat pump uses the water source as the heat source, and the air source evaporator 1021 can defrost. When the refrigerant follows the direction shown by the dashed line, the water source evaporator 1022 is a supercooler, the air source evaporator 1021 is an evaporator, the heat pump uses the air source as the heat source, and the water source evaporator 1022 can defrost. The specific operation mode is as follows: When the heat pump system 100B uses the air source as the heat source, in the normal heating mode, the refrigerant runs along the dashed line, in the defrosting heating mode, the refrigerant runs along the solid line. After defrosting, it returns to the normal heating mode. When the heat pump system 100B uses the water source as the heat source, in the normal heating mode, the refrigerant runs along the solid line, in the defrosting heating mode, the refrigerant runs along the dashed line. After defrosting, it returns to the normal heating mode.

[0042] Those skilled in the art should know that the four-way reversing valve 106 is a schematic diagram, which can be realized by the setting of the valve in Figures 4-8 , but is not limited to this.

[0043] Figures 1-3 In the heat pump system shown, the air source and the water source are arranged in parallel, and those skilled in the art should understand that the air source and the water source can also be arranged in series, as shown in Figure 4 . When using the water source, heat Qc1 is obtained from the water source, and heat Qh is output. When the air temperature is suitable, the air source can be used to obtain heat Qc3 from the air source, and the air source transfers heat to the water source, and the heat pump obtains heat from the water source and outputs heat Qh. At this time, the heat pump system 100C has three operating modes: ① Qc3 is equal to Qc1, the heat input to the heat pump is Qc1 and Qc2, and the air source and the water source jointly serve as the heat source of the heat pump; ② Qc3 is equal to Qc1, the heat input to the heat pump is Qc1, and the air source serves as the heat source of the heat pump.

[0044] ③ Qc3 is greater than Qc1, the heat input to the heat pump is Qc1, and the air source serves as the heat source of the heat pump, while transferring heat to the water source and storing it in the water source.

[0045] The above Figures 1-4 only demonstrates the basic principle of configuring a water source heat source on the basis of an air source heat source to improve the efficiency of the air source heat source. Figures 5-8 A specific component setting of the heat pump system is shown.

[0046] wherein, Figures 1-4 one implementation of the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas condensing in the condenser 101 and releasing heat to the heat sink HS is fully embodied in Figures 5-8 . The inlet and outlet of the heat media side of the condenser 101 is connected to the heat sink HS through the heat media pipe M, and the heat media driving device D is installed on the heat media pipe M to drive the heat media circulation. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas condenses in the condenser 1001 to heat the heat media, and the heat media is heated to the heat sink, i.e. the heat user, by the driving device D. The heat media can be a liquid, such as water, or a gas, such as air, and the driving device is a pump or a fan.

[0047] Figures 1-4 one implementation of the evaporator 102 (or air source evaporator 1021) obtaining heat Qc1 from the air source heat source AHS is fully embodied in Figure 5 , Figure 7 . The air heat exchanger is placed in the shell A2, and the fan A1 is also installed on the shell A2. The air A is driven to pass through the air side of the air heat exchanger, and the evaporator 102 is installed on the other side of the air heat exchanger to absorb heat from the air side and obtain heat Qc1. In addition, Figure 6 , the evaporator 102 obtains heat Qc1 from the air source heat source AHS through an air heat exchanger A3, specifically: the air heat exchanger is placed in the shell A2, and the fan A1 is also installed on the shell A2. The air A is driven to pass through the air side of the air heat exchanger, and the air heat exchanger A3 is installed on the other side of the air heat exchanger in the shell A2 to absorb heat from the air side; the evaporator 102 is connected to the air heat exchanger A3 through a pipe, and a cold media driving device LP is arranged on the pipe to drive the cold media to circulate between the evaporator 102 and the air heat exchanger A3.

[0048] Figures 1-4 one implementation of the evaporator 102 (or water source evaporator 1022) obtaining heat Qc2 from the water source heat source WHS is fully embodied in Figure 5 , Figure 7 . The evaporator 102 (or water source evaporator 1022) is connected to the water tank W1 through the water pipe W, and the pump W2 and the filter device W3 are connected to the water pipe W. The pump W2 drives the water to pass through the evaporator 102 (or water source evaporator 1022), and the water becomes subcooled water below zero Celsius, and the subcooled water produces ice in the water tank, and the evaporator 102 (or water source evaporator 1022) obtains heat Qc2 in the process. The subcooled ice production method is a relatively new method, and the conventional water ice production method is to directly produce ice after the water releases heat in the evaporator, and then to separate the ice. As Figure 3 described, the method uses subcooled ice separation.

[0049] The heat pump working medium, refrigerant or refrigeration working medium described in the present application all refer to the core working medium that actively realizes heat transfer from low temperature to high temperature through phase change (such as evaporation heat absorption, condensation heat release) and compressor work in a vapor compression cycle system. It must enter the compressor to be compressed, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure, and completing the heat "lifting" and delivery. There are some differences in the names according to the application scenarios. Those skilled in the art should know that such working medium can be R32, R410A, R290, CO2 (R744) and the like.

[0050] The hot medium or cold medium described in the present application all refer to secondary heat transfer medium, which is used to transfer heat or cold at the end of the system (such as radiator, fan coil), does not participate in the compression process, and does not occur phase change related to the compressor. It is usually delivered by a water pump, and only passively absorbs or releases heat. There are some differences in the names according to the application scenarios. Those skilled in the art should know that such working medium can be a liquid, such as water, or a gas, such as air, and the like.

[0051] The accompanying drawings are used to better illustrate the present application, and Figures 5-8 The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are explained and described, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the embodiments, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0053] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly limited.

[0054] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and other terms should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] Figure 5 A heat pump system containing two heat sources, namely air source and water source double heat source is shown, the system contains condenser 101, air source evaporator 1021, water source evaporator 1022, compressor 103, first throttle valve 1041, second throttle valve 1042, subcooler 105, refrigerant pipeline R.

[0056] The condenser 101, the subcooler 105, the first throttle valve 1041, the air source evaporator 1021, the second throttle valve 1042, the water source evaporator 1022 and the compressor 103 are connected in sequence through the refrigerant pipeline R to form a refrigerant circuit. The inlet of the condenser 101 on the refrigerant side is connected to the outlet of the compressor 103, the outlet of the condenser 101 on the refrigerant side is connected to the inlet of the subcooler 105 on the refrigerant side, the outlet of the subcooler 105 on the refrigerant side is connected to the inlet of the first throttle valve 1041, the outlet of the first throttle valve 1041 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of the air source evaporator 1021, the outlet of the refrigerant side of the air source evaporator 1021 is connected to the inlet of the second throttle valve 1042, the outlet of the second throttle valve 1042 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of the water source evaporator 1022, and the outlet of the refrigerant side of the water source evaporator 1022 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 103.

[0057] The first throttle valve 1041 and the second throttle valve 1042 are both provided with a bypass, and the first valve V1 and the second valve V2 are respectively arranged on the bypass.

[0058] The inlet and outlet of the heat medium side of the condenser 101 are connected to the heat sink HS through the heat medium pipeline M, and the heat medium driving device D is installed on the pipeline to drive the heat medium circulation.

[0059] The air source evaporator 1021 is placed in the shell A2, and the fan A1 is also installed on the shell to drive the air A through the air side of the air source evaporator 1021.

[0060] The water source evaporator 1022 is connected to the water tank W1 through the water pipe W, and the pump W2 and the filter device W3 are connected on the water pipe. The pump W2 drives the water to pass through the water source evaporator 1022, and the water becomes subcooled water below zero Celsius, and the subcooled water becomes ice after being excited after returning to the water tank.

[0061] The water tank is connected to the water side of the supercooler 105 through a water pipe, and the supercooler 105 heats the water to melt ice. The water pipe is provided with a third valve V3 and a fourth valve V4.

[0062] The water tank is provided with a water supplement port for supplementing liquid water LW and an ice discharge port for discharging solid ice SW.

[0063] The water source evaporator 1022 takes heat from a water source, or the air source evaporator 1021 takes heat from an air source, and the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is heated and evaporated. After being compressed by the compressor 103, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas is condensed in the condenser 101 to heat the heat medium, and the heat medium is heated by the driving device D to supply heat to the heat sink, i.e., the heat user. The condensed liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure by the throttling valve and returned to the water source evaporator 1022 and the air source evaporator 1021. The heat medium can be a liquid, such as water, or a gas, such as air, and the driving device is a pump or a fan.

[0064] The air source evaporator 1021 takes heat from an air source, the first valve V1 is closed, the second valve V2 is opened, and the refrigerant reduced in pressure by the first throttling valve 1041 exchanges heat with the air A flowing through the evaporator driven by the fan, and the refrigerant is heated and evaporated.

[0065] When taking heat from a water source, the first valve V1 is opened, the second valve V2 is closed, the fourth valve V4 is closed, and the third valve V3 is opened, and the fan A1 is stopped. The liquid refrigerant flowing out of the supercooler passes through the first valve V1 and then flows into the air source evaporator 1021 but does not evaporate, and then is reduced in pressure by the second throttling valve 1042. The reduced pressure refrigerant flows into the water source evaporator 1022, exchanges heat with the water flowing through the water source evaporator 1022 driven by the water pump W2, and is heated and evaporated. The water is cooled to become supercooled water, and the supercooled water returns to the water tank. Part of the water in the water tank is condensed into ice, the supercooled water is heated, the temperature rises, and then the water is driven by the pump to pass through the filtering device W3 and then enters the water source evaporator 1022 to release heat.

[0066] The third valve V3 is closed, the fourth valve V4 is opened, and the water pump W2 drives the water in the water tank W1 to flow through the supercooler 105 and is heated to return to the water tank to melt the ice in the water tank W1.

[0067] Figure 6Another heat pump system with air source and water source is shown. The system consists of condenser 101, evaporator 102, compressor 103, throttling valve 104, subcooler 105, refrigerant pipes and accessories R. Condenser 101, evaporator 102, compressor 103, throttling valve 104, subcooler 105 are connected by refrigerant pipes to form a refrigerant circuit. The inlet of the refrigerant side of condenser 101 is connected to the outlet of compressor 103. The outlet of the refrigerant side of condenser 101 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of subcooler 105. The outlet of the refrigerant side of subcooler 105 is connected to the inlet of throttling valve 104. The outlet of throttling valve 104 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of evaporator 102. The outlet of the refrigerant side of evaporator 102 is connected to the inlet of compressor 103. The inlet and outlet of the heat medium side of condenser 101 are connected to heat sink HS through heat medium pipes M. Heat medium driving device D is installed on the pipes to drive the circulation of heat medium.

[0068] Air heat exchanger A3 and water heat exchanger CW are provided in the system. The cold medium side of evaporator 102 is connected to air heat exchanger A3 and water heat exchanger CW through cold medium pipes L. Cold medium driving device LP and first valve V1, second valve V2, third valve V3 and fourth valve V4 are installed on the pipes. Through valve control, LP drives the circulation of cold medium between evaporator 102 and air heat exchanger A3, or between evaporator 102 and water heat exchanger CW, or between evaporator 102 and air heat exchanger A3 and water heat exchanger CW at the same time.

[0069] Air heat exchanger A3 is placed in housing A2. Fan A1 is installed on the housing to drive air A through the air side of air heat exchanger.

[0070] Water heat exchanger CW is connected to water tank W1 through water pipes W. Pump W2 and filter device W3 are installed on the pipes. Pump W2 drives water to pass through water heat exchanger. The water becomes subcooled water below zero Celsius and returns to water tank to become ice.

[0071] Water tank is connected to the water side of subcooler through water pipes. Subcooler heats water to realize ice melting. Fifth valve V5 and sixth valve V6 are installed on the pipes. Water tank is provided with water supplement port to supplement liquid water LW and ice discharge port to discharge solid ice.

[0072] Evaporator 102 takes heat from water source and / or air source. Low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant evaporates after being heated. High-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas is condensed in condenser 101 to heat heat medium. Heat medium is supplied to heat sink or heat user through driving device D. Condensed liquid refrigerant returns to evaporator 102 after being reduced in pressure by throttling valve. Heat medium can be liquid, such as water, or gas, such as air. Driving device is pump or fan.

[0073] When heat is taken from air source, the first valve V1, the fourth valve V4 are closed, the second valve V2, the third valve V3 are opened, the cold medium driving device drives the cold medium to flow through the air heat exchanger A3, and exchanges heat with the air A driven by the fan to flow through the air heat exchanger, the cold medium is heated, and after being heated, returns to the evaporator 102 to release heat to the refrigerant, and then returns to the air heat exchanger A3 to absorb heat. At the same time, the fifth valve V5 can be closed, the sixth valve V6 is opened, and the pump W2 drives the water in the water tank W1 to flow through the supercooler 105, and after being heated, returns to the water tank to melt the ice in the water tank.

[0074] When heat is taken from water source, the first valve V1, the fourth valve V4 are opened, the second valve V2, the third valve V3 are closed, at the same time, the sixth valve V6 is closed, the seventh valve V5 is opened, the cold medium driving device drives the cold medium to flow through the water heat exchanger CW, and exchanges heat with the water driven by the pump W2 to flow through the water heat exchanger, the cold medium is heated, the water is cooled to become supercooled water, and the cold medium is heated to return to the evaporator 102 to release heat to the refrigerant. The supercooled water returns to the water tank, part of the water in the water tank condenses into ice, the supercooled water is heated, the temperature rises, and then is driven by the pump to pass through the filtering device W3, and then enters the water heat exchanger to release heat.

[0075] When heat is taken from water source and air source at the same time, V1, V4, V2, V3, V5 and V6 are opened, the heat taken from the air source and the water source, and the heating amount of the supercooled water can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree.

[0076] The system can use air source as heat source when the air temperature is high and the cold medium temperature is higher than 0℃, that is, the air heat exchanger does not frost, and use water source at other times. Of course, when the air heat exchanger is equipped with a defrosting means, the air source can also be used as the heat source when the refrigerant temperature is lower than 0℃, the water source is used as the heat source when the air heat exchanger defrosts, and the air source is used after defrosting is completed.

[0077] Figure 7Another heat pump system with air source and water source is shown. The system consists of condenser 101, evaporator 102, compressor 103, throttling valve 104, subcooler 105, refrigerant pipes and accessories R. Condenser 101, evaporator 102, compressor 103, throttling valve 104, subcooler 105 are connected by refrigerant pipes to form a refrigerant circuit, i.e. the inlet of the refrigerant side of condenser 101 is connected to the outlet of compressor 103, the outlet of the refrigerant side of condenser 101 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of subcooler 105, the outlet of the refrigerant side of subcooler 105 is connected to the inlet of throttling valve 104, the outlet of throttling valve 104 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant side of evaporator 102, the outlet of the refrigerant side of evaporator 102 is connected to the inlet of compressor 103, the inlet and outlet of the heat medium side of condenser 101 are connected to heat sink HS through heat medium pipes M, and heat medium driving device D is installed on the pipes to drive the circulation of heat medium.

[0078] Compared with Figure 5 the heat pump system shown, Figure 7 the water source evaporator and air source evaporator in the heat pump system shown are combined into one evaporator 102, so that only one throttling device is needed, and there is no throttling device bypass valve.

[0079] For the evaporator 102 in the system, it is placed in the shell A2 of the air heat exchanger, and fan A1 is installed on the shell 102 to drive air A to pass through the air side of evaporator 102. In addition, evaporator 102 is connected to water tank W1 through water pipes W, and pump W2 and filter device W3 are installed on the water pipes to drive water to pass through the water side of evaporator, so that the water becomes subcooled water below zero Celsius, and the subcooled water becomes ice after returning to the water tank. The water tank is connected to the water side of the subcooler through water pipes, and the subcooler heats the water to achieve ice melting. First valve V1 and second valve V2 are installed on the water pipes. The water tank is provided with a water supplement port for supplementing liquid water LW, and an ice discharge port for discharging solid ice SW. The air side and the water side of the evaporator are the same channel or different channels.

[0080] The water tank W1 is connected to the water side of the subcooler 105 through water pipes, and the subcooler 105 heats the water to achieve ice melting. Third valve V3 and fourth valve V4 are installed on the water pipes.

[0081] When heat is taken from the water source, first valve V1 is opened and second valve V2 is closed. The liquid refrigerant flowing out of the subcooler 105 passes through the pressure reducing valve of throttling valve 104 to reduce the pressure, and the refrigerant after pressure reduction flows into evaporator 102 to exchange heat with the water flowing through evaporator 102 driven by pump W3. The refrigerant evaporates after absorbing heat, and the water is cooled to become subcooled water. The subcooled water returns to water tank W1, part of the water in the water tank condenses into ice, the subcooled water is heated and the temperature rises, and then the subcooled water is driven by the pump to pass through filter device W3 and then enters evaporator 102 to release heat.

[0082] When taking heat from air source, the first valve V1 is closed, the second valve V2 is opened, the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the subcooler 105 is depressurized by the throttling valve 104, the depressurized refrigerant flows into the evaporator 102 to exchange heat with air, the refrigerant evaporates, the pump W2 drives the water in the water tank W1 to flow through the subcooler 105, and the water is heated to return to the water tank to melt the ice in the water tank.

[0083] Figure 8 The combination heat pump system composed of two independent circulation systems of the application is shown, and the water source heat source and the air source heat source therein are connected in series. Figure 4 Those skilled in the art should know that the water source heat source and the air source heat source in the combination heat pump are not limited to the series connection, but also applicable to the parallel connection. Figures 1-3

[0084] The left heat pump system is connected by the condenser 101, the evaporator 102, the compressor 103 and the throttling valve 104 through the refrigerant pipeline, and the right heat pump system is connected by the condenser 101, the evaporator 102, the compressor 103 and the throttling valve 104 through the refrigerant pipeline. Both systems are driven by the driving device D, and the driving device D drives M to transfer heat from the condenser to the heat sink HS.

[0085] The system respectively configures a water source heat source system for each of the left and right heat pump systems; the water source heat source system includes a water tank W1, a water pipe W, a pump W2 and other related components, the evaporator 102 is connected with the water tank W1 through the water pipe W, the pump W2 and the filter device W3 are connected by being installed on the water pipe, the pump W2 drives water to pass through the water side of the evaporator, the water becomes subcooled water below zero Celsius, and the subcooled water becomes ice after returning to the water tank. The water tank is also connected with the water side of the subcooler through the water pipe, and the subcooler heats the water to realize ice melting.

[0086] The system also sets a water tank W10, the two water tanks W1 and the water tank W10 are connected through the water pipe W, the water tank W10 is also connected with the air heater, the water pipe is provided with the pump W2, W3, W4, and is also provided with the valve V1, V2, V3, V4, the valve switching can make W10 and the two W1 be independently connected. When the left heat pump system works, the pump W3 delivers liquid water to the water tank W1, and returns solid water, i.e. ice, to the water tank W10. When the right heat pump works, W3 delivers liquid water to W1, and returns solid water, i.e. ice, to W10.

[0087] ​The water tank W10 and the air heat exchanger exchange heat; the air heat exchanger is arranged in the shell A2, and the shell A2 is further provided with the fan A1. When the air temperature is higher than the freezing point of water, the ice-water mixture or liquid water in the water tank W10 is driven by the W4 to enter the air heater, and the air is driven by the fan A1 to heat the ice-water mixture or liquid water, so that the ice is melted, and the temperature of the liquid water is increased.

[0088] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application includes but is not limited to the contents described in the drawings and the above specific embodiment. Any modification not deviating from the functional and structural principles of the present application will be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving an air source heat pump, characterized in that: The air source heat pump is equipped with a refrigeration circuit and a heat pump working fluid circulating in the refrigeration circuit, which adds a second heat source to the heat pump in addition to the air heat source. The heat pump can extract heat from either of the two heat sources or extract heat from both heat sources simultaneously. The second heat source releases heat to the heat pump through the phase change of water, that is, liquid water solidifies into solid ice. The liquid water has at least one of the following sources: One source is the liquid water formed by melting the solid ice through heat generated by the heat pump itself or by externally input heat. The second source is the condensate formed in the air during the dehumidification process when the heat pump extracts heat from the air heat source; The third source is directly supplemented from external sources; The solid ice is processed by at least one of the following methods: stored, discharged, or melted to form the liquid water.

2. The method for improving an air source heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pump extracts heat from an air heat source and / or a second heat source, according to any one or more of the following: First, the air heat source is used first among the second heat source and the air heat source, and when the air source cannot meet the heating demand, it is switched to the second heat source. Secondly, when extracting heat from the second heat source and the air heat source, the higher the evaporation temperature that the heat pump working fluid can reach, the more preferentially the corresponding heat source will be selected. Third, when the condensation temperature of the heat pump working fluid changes over time, during the selection of the heat source, the air heat source supplies heat to the heat pump working fluid with a low condensation temperature, and the second heat source supplies heat to the heat pump working fluid with a high condensation temperature.

3. The method for improving an air source heat pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system is configured with an air source evaporator drawing heat from an air heat source and a water source evaporator drawing heat from a secondary heat source. When the air heat source is selected, if the air source evaporator needs to defrost, the system switches to the water source evaporator drawing heat from the secondary heat source. Once the air source evaporator has finished defrosting, the system switches back to the air source evaporator drawing heat from the air heat source. Similarly, when the water source evaporator needs to de-ice, the system switches back to the air source evaporator drawing heat from the air heat source. Once the water source evaporator has finished de-iceing, the system switches back to the water source evaporator drawing heat from the secondary heat source.

4. The method for improving an air source heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first source method, the heat generated by the heat pump itself causes the solid ice to melt specifically: the subcooling of the heat pump working fluid provides heat to melt the solid ice, and / or the excess heat of the heat pump is utilized during partial load.

5. The method for improving an air source heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting of the solid ice is achieved using valley electricity.

6. A dual-heat-source heat pump system, characterized in that: It includes a refrigeration circuit, an air heat source system, and a second heat source system; the refrigeration circuit includes an evaporator connected to the air heat source system and / or the second heat source system, the evaporator directly extracting heat from the air heat source system and / or the second heat source system, or indirectly extracting heat through a refrigerant circuit; the second heat source system employs an improved air heat source system for heating the refrigeration circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The dual-heat-source heat pump system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The refrigeration circuit is equipped with two evaporators, namely an air source evaporator and a water source evaporator. The air source evaporator is connected to the air heat source system and extracts heat from the air heat source system. The water source evaporator is connected to the second heat source system and extracts heat from the second heat source system.

8. The dual-heat-source heat pump system according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a first throttling valve and a second throttling valve. The outlet of the first throttling valve is connected to the refrigerant side inlet of the air source evaporator; the outlet of the second throttling valve is connected to the refrigerant side inlet of the water source evaporator; a bypass with a first switching valve is provided at the first throttling valve, and a bypass with a second switching valve is provided at the second throttling valve.

9. The dual-heat-source heat pump system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a subcooler, which is connected between the first throttling valve and the condenser of the refrigeration circuit. The subcooler is connected to the second heat source system through a pipe to provide heat to the second heat source system.

10. The dual-heat-source heat pump system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The evaporator in the refrigeration circuit is connected to the second heat source system and extracts heat from the second heat source system; the air heat source system is connected to the second heat source system and supplies heat to the second heat source system directly or indirectly through the water circuit. When the air heat source system indirectly supplies heat to the second heat source system through a water circuit, the water circuit includes a water tank; the air heat source system heats the water in the water tank and transports it to each of the second heat source systems through pipelines.

Images