Prefabricated shear wall, building module, modular building system and assembly method

Abstract

The invention discloses a prefabricated shear wall, a building module, a modular building system and an assembly method. The prefabricated shear wall comprises a wall body, at least two steel pipes and at least two bearing grooves. The wall body is used for being vertically placed, the steel pipes are embedded in the wall body, the steel pipes vertically extend and are spaced in the horizontal direction, and the steel pipes downwards extend out of the wall body by a preset length. The bearing grooves are formed in the wall body, the bearing grooves and the steel pipes are correspondingly arranged in the height direction of the wall body, the bearing grooves are located above the corresponding steel pipes, and openings of the bearing grooves face upwards and vertically extend downwards by a preset depth. The prefabricated shear wall can be prefabricated in a factory and cast-in-place, connected and fixed, operation is easy, and the building efficiency is high. The prefabricated shear wall can be stacked up and down for construction, the upper-layer wall body and the lower-layer wall body are connected through the steel pipes, compared with traditional steel bar connection, higher shear resistance is provided for a building structure, and the requirement for modular or fabricated construction of a super high-rise building can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building technology, specifically to a prefabricated shear wall, building module, modular building system, and assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of new-type industrialized construction, modular building has emerged as a highly integrated construction method. Many regions have successively issued local standards and technical specifications related to modular building, promoting its large-scale application. Compared to traditional prefabricated buildings, modular building represents an upgrade from "component prefabrication" to "holistic spatial prefabrication." Using three-dimensional modular units as carriers, it integrates structural, architectural, electromechanical, water supply and drainage, and interior decoration systems to form fully functional box-shaped units. On-site construction only requires stacking and splicing using reliable connection technologies to quickly complete the overall building installation, significantly shortening the construction period, reducing on-site construction work, and minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0003] Due to factors such as wind loads and earthquakes, the shear resistance of buildings is crucial. This is especially true for high-rise buildings, which experience significant lateral forces under earthquakes or wind, thus requiring even higher shear resistance. With a rapidly aging population and an increasingly severe shortage of construction workers, modular or prefabricated construction methods are becoming increasingly popular due to their simplicity and efficiency in on-site construction.

[0004] If modular or prefabricated construction is used, the current concrete building modules or prefabricated components are insufficient to meet the shear resistance requirements in terms of the connection structure between upper and lower floors.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for prefabricated shear walls, building modules, modular building systems, and assembly methods to at least partially solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. This summary section is not intended to limit the key and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0007] To at least partially solve the above problems, a first aspect of this application provides a precast shear wall, the precast shear wall comprising:

[0008] A wall, the wall being used for vertical placement;

[0009] At least two steel pipes are embedded in the wall, extending vertically and spaced horizontally, with each pipe extending downwards beyond the wall by a predetermined length; and

[0010] At least two receiving grooves are provided in the wall, the receiving grooves are provided corresponding to the steel pipes along the height direction of the wall, the receiving grooves are located above the corresponding steel pipes, and the receiving grooves open upwards and extend vertically downwards to a predetermined depth.

[0011] Optionally, the entire cavity of the steel pipe is filled with concrete; or

[0012] The steel pipe comprises a first part located at the top and a second part located at the bottom, the cavity of the first part being filled with concrete; or

[0013] The entire cavity of the steel pipe is hollow.

[0014] Optionally, the precast shear wall further includes a first vertical reinforcing bar, which is embedded in the cavity of the steel pipe.

[0015] Optionally, at least three of the first vertical reinforcing bars are arranged at circumferential intervals in the steel pipe.

[0016] Optionally, at least one of the upper and lower ends of the steel pipe extends out of the steel pipe; and / or

[0017] Stirrups are provided around the at least three first vertical reinforcing bars.

[0018] Optionally, the outer side of the downwardly extending portion of the steel pipe from the wall is provided with a protruding structure; and / or

[0019] An anchor plate is fixed to the bottom end of the steel pipe, and the anchor plate extends laterally and protrudes from at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe.

[0020] Optionally, the surface of the receiving groove wall is a roughened surface or a washed surface;

[0021] Alternatively, the wall of the receiving groove may be a metal corrugated pipe.

[0022] Optionally, the portion of the steel pipe extending downwards from the wall has a through hole in its wall; and / or

[0023] The lateral dimension of the opening of the receiving groove is smaller than or larger than the lateral dimension of the bottom of the receiving groove.

[0024] Optionally, the precast shear wall includes an edge member, the edge member including the steel pipe, and the receiving groove is formed in the edge member.

[0025] Optionally, a second vertical reinforcing bar is pre-embedded in the edge member around the receiving groove and the steel pipe.

[0026] Optionally, the edge member is provided with stirrups surrounding the second vertical reinforcing bar; and / or

[0027] The edge member is provided with stirrups surrounding the embedded part of the steel pipe.

[0028] Optionally, the wall is a reinforced concrete structure.

[0029] According to this application, the precast shear wall can be prefabricated in the factory and transported to the construction site for casting and connection, reducing the amount of work on the construction site and increasing the construction efficiency. By fixing the dimensions and reinforcement of the shear wall to a modular standard, the shear wall becomes a standard component, enabling industrialized mass production and greatly improving production efficiency. The precast shear walls can be stacked and connected vertically. The new "steel pipe-receiving groove node" connection method, which connects the stacked shear walls, enables efficient and reliable assembly between shear walls compared to traditional reinforcement connections, enhancing the shear resistance of the building structure, ensuring structural safety, and meeting the requirements of modular or prefabricated construction of super high-rise buildings.

[0030] A second aspect of this application provides a building module comprising a precast shear wall according to any of the preceding claims.

[0031] Optionally, the building module further includes at least one of a module top plate, a module bottom plate, and a partition wall, wherein the precast shear wall and the partition wall constitute the wall of the building module.

[0032] Optionally, the building module includes a module top slab, which is a composite floor slab comprising a precast slab layer and a post-cast layer.

[0033] Optionally, the building module includes a module top plate, and the module top plate is connected to a ring beam.

[0034] According to the concrete building module proposed in this application, the aforementioned shear wall is integrated into a concrete building module, such as a hexahedron, forming a highly integrated modular unit that can be stacked and connected layer by layer. This allows most of the work to be completed in the factory, significantly reducing on-site engineering work, improving construction efficiency, and shortening the construction period. Through innovative node connection methods, efficient and reliable assembly between building modules is achieved, significantly improving construction efficiency. The building modules can be stacked and connected to form a "modular shear wall structure," capable of independently bearing vertical and horizontal loads.

[0035] A third aspect of this application also provides a modular building system, including the prefabricated shear wall of the first aspect or the building module of the second aspect. Therefore, this modular building system is highly efficient and reliable in assembly, requires less on-site construction work, and has a strong horizontal load-bearing capacity. In high-rise and super high-rise buildings, concrete building modules can also be connected to the vertical circulation core tube via floor slabs to form a whole, fully utilizing the high lateral stiffness of the core tube to form a "modular shear wall-core tube structural system." The core tube bears the main lateral forces, while the modular shear walls primarily bear gravity loads, thereby effectively ensuring the safety and reliability of the structure in high-rise and super high-rise buildings.

[0036] A fourth aspect of this application also provides an assembly method for stacking and connecting upper and lower layers of the aforementioned precast shear wall or building modules including the aforementioned precast shear wall. The assembly method includes:

[0037] S1. Provide the upper layer of precast shear wall and the lower layer of precast shear wall;

[0038] S2. Grouting material with fluidity is injected into each of the receiving grooves of the lower layer of precast shear wall;

[0039] S3. Hoist the upper precast shear wall so that the steel pipe of the upper precast shear wall is inserted into the receiving groove of the lower precast shear wall to a predetermined depth.

[0040] Optionally, the assembly method after S1 or S3 further includes:

[0041] S4. Pour concrete into the steel pipe of the upper-level precast shear wall.

[0042] According to the assembly method of this application, during the grouting operation, grout is poured into the steel pipe and the receiving groove. Compared with the traditional grouting method, the operation is simpler, the on-site grouting volume is smaller, and the grouting efficiency is higher. The overall on-site construction work for the stacked connection of upper and lower precast shear walls is less, the operation is simple and flexible, and the construction efficiency is high. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The following drawings, which are incorporated herein by reference and are used to understand this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and their descriptions to explain the principles of the invention.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a precast shear wall according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the connection groove between the precast shear wall and the lower precast shear wall.

[0046] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A front sectional view of the connection structure between the edge members of the precast shear wall and the edge members of the lower precast shear wall;

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A side sectional view of the connection structure between the edge members of the upper precast shear wall and the edge members of the lower precast shear wall;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of another example of the connection structure between the edge member of the precast shear wall and the edge member of the lower precast shear wall according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the steel pipe.

[0050] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the receiving groove;

[0051] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The top view of the steel pipe and anchor plate shown;

[0052] Figure 9 for Figure 6 A top view of another example of a steel pipe and anchor plate shown;

[0053] Figure 10 For along Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section intercepted by the centerline AA;

[0054] Figure 11 For along Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section intercepted by the centerline BB;

[0055] Figure 12 For along Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-section intercepted by the centerline CC;

[0056] Figure 13 For along Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section intercepted by the centerline DD;

[0057] Figure 14 For along Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section cut by the centerline EE;

[0058] Figure 15 For along Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section intercepted by the centerline FF;

[0059] Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the metal corrugated pipe groove wall of a precast shear wall according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a stacked building module structure according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 18 This is another structural diagram illustrating the stacking of building modules according to a specific embodiment of this application; and

[0062] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontally stacked building module according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0063] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0064] 1 building module

[0065] 2-module top plate

[0066] 2a Precast slab layer

[0067] 2b Post-cast layer

[0068] 3-module base plate

[0069] 4 partition walls

[0070] 5 ring beams

[0071] 10 Precast Shear Walls

[0072] 10a Edge Member

[0073] 10b wall

[0074] 11 steel pipe

[0075] 12 anchor plates

[0076] 12a rib

[0077] 13 Concrete

[0078] 15 receiving groove

[0079] 16mm metal bellows

[0080] 17 First vertical reinforcement bar

[0081] 18 Second vertical reinforcement

[0082] 19 stirrups

[0083] 20 protruding structures

[0084] 21 Anchor Bars Detailed Implementation

[0085] The following description provides numerous specific details to offer a more thorough understanding of this application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described to avoid confusion with this application.

[0086] To fully understand this application, a detailed description will be set forth in the following description. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. Obviously, the implementation of embodiments of this application is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art. Preferred embodiments of this application are described in detail below; however, in addition to these detailed descriptions, this application may have other implementations.

[0087] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0088] Ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” used in this application are merely identifiers and have no other meaning, such as a specific order. Moreover, for example, the term “first component” does not imply the existence of a “second component”, and the term “second component” does not imply the existence of a “first component”.

[0089] It should be noted that the terms “up,” “down,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “inner,” “outer,” and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be restrictive.

[0090] For example, the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical" and "horizontal" in this application refer to the precast shear wall in its service state.

[0091] Building modules or shear walls and other components are prefabricated in a factory, then transported to the site for hoisting and assembly to form a complete building. To improve the shear resistance of building structures (especially super high-rise buildings) constructed using prefabricated shear walls and building modules, this application provides a prefabricated shear wall, building module, and modular building system.

[0092] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0093] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a precast shear wall 10, which includes a wall body 10b, at least two steel pipes 11, and at least two receiving grooves 15. The steel pipes 11 extend vertically, with the upper part of the steel pipes 11 embedded in the wall body 10b and the steel pipes 11 extending downwards from the wall body 10b by a predetermined length. At least two steel pipes 11 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

[0094] A receiving groove 15 is provided in the wall 10b. The receiving groove 15 corresponds to the steel pipe 11 along the height direction of the wall 10b (vertical direction D1 in the figure). In a precast shear wall 10, the receiving groove 15 is located above the corresponding steel pipe 11. The receiving groove 15 opens upwards and extends vertically downwards to a predetermined depth. Thus, as... Figure 2 As shown, when the precast shear walls 10 are stacked, the position and number of the steel pipes 11 of the upper precast shear wall 10 correspond to the receiving grooves 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10, and the steel pipes 11 of the upper precast shear wall 10 can be inserted into the receiving grooves 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10.

[0095] During on-site stacking and installation, to ensure a secure connection between the steel pipes 11 of the upper precast shear wall 10 and the receiving grooves 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10, an appropriate amount of grout (such as high-strength non-shrink cement) needs to be injected into the receiving grooves 15 after the lower precast shear wall 10 is installed. The grout is fluid during injection and solidifies after a certain period of time. To ensure the grout fills the cavity of the steel pipes 11 and fills the gap between the steel pipes 11 and the receiving grooves 15, the grout does not contain large stones. After aligning and inserting the steel pipes 11 of the upper precast shear wall 10 into the receiving grooves 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10, the grout is squeezed to fill the gap between the inner wall of the receiving groove 15 and the steel pipes 11. After the grout solidifies, the steel pipes 11 and the receiving grooves 15 are firmly connected.

[0096] It should be noted that wall 10b is not limited to the straight wall shown in the figure; for example, it can also be an L-shaped, T-shaped, or other corner wall. The cross-section of steel pipe 11 can be circular, square, or other shapes. The number of steel pipes 11 and receiving grooves 15 can be two or more. The length of steel pipe 11 and the depth of receiving groove 15, and other parameters, meet the anchorage length requirements of the specifications and can be adjusted according to actual needs. The steel pipe 11 of the upper shear wall is not limited to being inserted into the receiving groove 15 of the lower shear wall in the assembled state of the upper and lower shear walls, so that its bottom end contacts the bottom of the groove. The pre-embedded part of steel pipe 11 can be as follows: Figure 1 The top of the steel pipe 11 can be extended upward to the bottom of the receiving groove 15, or the top of the steel pipe 11 can be spaced apart from the bottom of the receiving groove 15.

[0097] The precast shear wall according to this application can be prefabricated in the factory and transported to the site for installation, which is simple to operate on site and has high installation efficiency. The precast shear walls can be stacked one on top of the other and connected by steel pipes. Compared with traditional steel bar connections, it meets the requirements of modular or prefabricated construction for super high-rise buildings (e.g., with a total height of over 100 meters).

[0098] The following is for reference. Figures 3 to 16 The connection structure between the steel pipe 11 and the receiving groove 15 is described by way of example.

[0099] To further enhance the shear resistance of the precast shear wall 10, concrete 13 is poured into the entire cavity of the steel pipe 11. Alternatively, the steel pipe 11 comprises a first part at the top and a second part at the bottom, with the cavity of the first part filled with concrete 13. During construction, the steel pipe 11 is inserted into the receiving groove 15, and the cavity of the second part is filled with grout from the receiving groove 15. The grout in the second part and the grout in the receiving groove 15 solidify together. Thus, the precast shear wall 10 has stronger shear resistance, higher connection strength, and a more secure connection between the steel pipe 11 and the receiving groove 15. Understandably, in order to better enhance the strength of the steel pipe 11, in the assembled state where the steel pipe 11 is inserted into the receiving groove 15, the lower end of the first part is not higher than the top surface of the receiving groove 15, so that the grout injected from the receiving groove 15 can be injected to the lower end of the concrete 13 in the first part, that is, the concrete 13 in the first part and the grout in the second part can fill the cavity of the steel pipe 11.

[0100] Of course, when the precast shear wall 10 is precast, the entire cavity of the steel pipe 11 can be hollow, and grouting can be carried out during the stacking and connection on the construction site. At this time, the entire cavity of the steel pipe 11 can be filled with concrete 13 first and then inserted into the receiving groove 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10; or the first part of the steel pipe 11 can be filled with concrete 13 first and then inserted into the receiving groove 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10; or the second part of the steel pipe 11 can be inserted into the receiving groove of the lower precast shear wall 10 and grouting material can be injected, and then the first part can be injected with concrete 13 from the upper end of the steel pipe 11.

[0101] The wall of the portion of the steel pipe 11 extending downwards from the wall 10b may be provided with through holes to facilitate the injection of grout from the receiving groove 15 into the cavity of the steel pipe 11, and also to facilitate the expulsion of air from the cavity of the steel pipe 11. For example, multiple through holes may be provided at intervals along the vertical and / or circumferential direction of the steel pipe 11.

[0102] It should be noted that the concrete 13 in the cavity of the steel pipe 11 can be pre-poured in the factory to reduce on-site operations and improve construction efficiency. Alternatively, the concrete 13 in the cavity of the steel pipe 11 can be poured on-site. For example, the steel pipe 11 extends upwards to the bottom of the receiving groove 15 and connects with it. After the steel pipe 11 of the upper precast shear wall 10 is inserted into the receiving groove 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10, concrete 13 is poured from the upper receiving groove 15 into the steel pipe 11. Compared to traditional grouting methods, this is simpler, requires less work, and is more efficient.

[0103] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the precast shear wall 10 also includes a first vertical reinforcing bar 17. The first vertical reinforcing bar 17 extends along the vertical direction D1 and is partially or entirely located within the cavity of the steel pipe 11 in the vertical direction D1, so as to further strengthen the connection strength between the upper and lower shear walls and improve the shear resistance of the building.

[0104] More preferably, at least three first vertical reinforcing bars 17 are arranged at circumferential intervals in the steel pipe 11. For example... Figure 14 As shown, six first vertical reinforcing bars 17 are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the steel pipe 11, and the first vertical reinforcing bars 17 may be set close to or abut against the inner wall of the steel pipe 11. Furthermore, stirrups 19 are provided around at least three of the first vertical reinforcing bars 17.

[0105] The steel pipe 11 is filled with concrete 13, which strengthens the steel pipe 11 and fixes the position of the first vertical reinforcing bar 17 inside the steel pipe 11. The concrete 13 inside the steel pipe 11 is preferably pre-poured in the factory, and the first vertical reinforcing bar 17 is pre-embedded in the cavity of the steel pipe 11.

[0106] At least one of the upper and lower ends of the first vertical reinforcing bar 17 extends out of the steel pipe 11. For example, the first vertical reinforcing bar 17 extends out of the upper end of the steel pipe 11 and is pre-embedded in the wall 10b, thereby ensuring strong tensile strength between the first vertical reinforcing bar 17 and the wall 10b. Preferably, the first vertical reinforcing bar 17 extends out of the steel pipe 11 at both the upper and lower ends, with the portion extending downward into the lower receiving groove 15. The arrangement of the first vertical reinforcing bar 17 reduces the required length of the steel pipe 11, saving material and reducing costs.

[0107] To enhance the tensile strength of the steel pipe 11 in the receiving groove 15, specific arrangements can be made from both the steel pipe 11 and the receiving groove 15.

[0108] On the one hand, a protruding structure 20 is provided on the outer side of the portion of the steel pipe 11 extending downwards from the wall 10b to increase the resistance to movement between the steel pipe 11 and the grouting material, thereby enhancing tensile strength. Preferably, as shown in the figure... Figure 1As shown, the outer periphery of the portion of the steel pipe 11 near the upper and lower ends is provided with protruding structures 20.

[0109] The protruding structure 20 protrudes from the outer wall of the steel pipe 11 in a direction away from the axis of the steel pipe 11. For example, a flange is welded to the outer periphery of the steel pipe 11. For example, a stirrup 19 is provided on the outer periphery of the steel pipe 11, and the stirrup 19 can be welded and fixed to the steel pipe 11. Multiple protruding structures 20 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction D1.

[0110] An anchor plate 12 can also be fixed at the bottom end of the steel pipe 11. The anchor plate 12 extends along the transverse direction D2 and protrudes from at least one of the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe 11. The grout in the cavity of the second part of the steel pipe 11 is integrated with the grout in the receiving groove 15 and is connected to the lower wall 10b. When the steel pipe 11 is subjected to an upward tensile force, the anchor plate 12 acts on the solidified grout, that is, on the lower wall 10b, so that the anchor plate 12 is subjected to a downward force from the wall 10b. The steel pipe 11 is firmly connected to the lower shear wall, and the tensile strength between the upper and lower shear walls is strong.

[0111] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the anchor plate 12 is an annular ring, with a radial dimension greater than the thickness of the sidewall of the steel pipe 11. The inner and outer edges of the anchor plate 12 are located on the inner and outer sides of the sidewall of the steel pipe 11, respectively; that is, the anchor plate 12 extends along the transverse direction D2 and protrudes from the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe 11. Figure 9 As shown, the anchor plate 12 is a ring, and its inner edge is located below the side wall of the steel pipe 11. That is, the anchor plate 12 protrudes from the outer surface of the steel pipe 11 away from its axis, but not from the inner surface of the steel pipe 11 towards its axis. The anchor plate 12 can be fixed to the steel pipe 11 by welding or by a rib plate 12a. Of course, the anchor plate 12 does not necessarily have the same cross-sectional shape as the steel pipe 11.

[0112] On the other hand, the inner wall of the receiving groove 15 can be made into a rough surface to enhance the bonding strength between the grout and the wall 10b. For example, the surface of the groove wall of the receiving groove 15 can be roughened to form a roughened surface. For example, the surface of the groove wall of the receiving groove 15 can be washed to form a washed surface. Optionally, the groove wall of the receiving groove 15 can be a metal corrugated pipe 16. That is, the metal corrugated pipe 16 is embedded in the wall 10b to form an upward-opening groove.

[0113] Furthermore, the tensile strength between the steel pipe 11 and the receiving groove 15 can be enhanced by setting the lateral dimension of the groove opening of the receiving groove 15 to be smaller than the lateral dimension of the groove bottom. For example, when the receiving groove 15 is a circular groove, the radial dimension of the receiving groove 15 at the groove opening is smaller than the radial dimension of the groove bottom. Optionally, the lateral dimension of the groove opening of the receiving groove 15 is 3-10 mm smaller than the lateral dimension of the groove bottom. For example, the lateral dimension of the groove opening of the receiving groove 15 is 3 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm, or 8 mm smaller than the lateral dimension of the groove bottom. The lateral dimension from the groove opening to the groove bottom can be gradual or non-gradual. Thus, the receiving groove 15 can provide a greater downward force to the steel pipe 11 through the solidified grout, improving the tensile strength between the shear walls.

[0114] Of course, in order to facilitate the insertion of the steel pipe 11 and the receiving groove 15, the lateral dimension of the groove opening of the receiving groove 15 can be set to be larger than the lateral dimension of the groove bottom of the receiving groove 15, so that the groove opening has a guiding function when the steel pipe 11 is inserted.

[0115] Preferably, the shape of the receiving groove 15 is adapted to the shape of the steel pipe 11. For example, the steel pipe 11 is a square pipe, and the receiving groove 15 is a square groove. For example, the steel pipe 11 is a round pipe, and the receiving groove 15 is a round groove.

[0116] In the assembled state of the upper and lower precast shear walls, the insertion structure of the steel pipe 11 and the receiving groove 15 is as follows: Figures 3 to 5 As shown. The interval between the upper precast shear wall 10b and the lower precast shear wall 10b is the interval of the reserved horizontal floor slab, which can be designed according to actual needs.

[0117] Wall 10b is a reinforced concrete structure with embedded shear reinforcement. In the region near both ends of wall 10b in the horizontal direction, the density of shear reinforcement is greater, forming the edge members 10a of the shear wall in this region.

[0118] like Figure 1 As shown, the precast shear wall 10 includes edge members 10a. Two edge members 10a are located on the left and right sides of the precast shear wall 10, respectively. Preferably, steel pipes 11 and receiving grooves 15 are disposed at the edge members 10a, forming part of the edge members 10a. In one precast shear wall 10, the number of steel pipes 11 and receiving grooves 15 may not be the same as the number of edge members 10a; for example, the number of steel pipes 11 and receiving grooves 15 may be greater than the number of edge members 10a. The steel pipes 11 and receiving grooves 15 are not limited to being disposed at the edge members 10a; they can also be disposed at other locations on the wall 10b, such as between two edge members 10a, or in the middle of the horizontal direction of the wall 10b.

[0119] Shear reinforcement is pre-embedded within the edge member 10a. For example, second vertical reinforcement 18 is pre-embedded around the periphery of the receiving groove 15 and the steel pipe 11. The second vertical reinforcement 18 extends vertically along D1. Alternatively, the second vertical reinforcement 18 includes two vertically extending sections and a transverse section connecting the tops of the two sections, i.e., approximately U-shaped with the opening facing downwards, the vertical extension sections on both sides of the U-shape may have different lengths. Multiple second vertical reinforcements 18 are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the receiving groove 15 and the steel pipe 11. For example, stirrups 19 are provided around the second vertical reinforcements 18, and the stirrups 19 are arranged transversely around the multiple second vertical reinforcements 18, with multiple stirrups 19 arranged at intervals along vertically D1. For example, stirrups 19 are provided around the pre-embedded portion of the steel pipe 11, with multiple stirrups 19 arranged at intervals along vertically D1. The cooperation between the transversely arranged stirrups 19 and the vertical reinforcement gives the shear wall strong shear resistance. The lower end of the second vertical steel bar 18 is connected to an anchor bar 21 to enhance the tensile strength of the wall 10b.

[0120] The precast shear wall of this application can provide high shear resistance, specifically including:

[0121] (1) Regarding the precast shear wall itself, this application improves the seismic ductility of the precast shear wall in shear-strengthened areas (such as edge members) by setting steel pipes (preferably also including first vertical reinforcing bars) inside the precast shear wall. Specifically, from a material level, when concrete is under compression, it is in a three-dimensional stress state. The vertical axial compression causes lateral outward deformation. The concrete inside the steel pipe / first vertical reinforcing bar is subject to lateral constraint by the steel pipe, which delays the occurrence of concrete crush failure, thereby improving the compressive bearing capacity and deformation capacity of the precast shear wall under large earthquakes.

[0122] (2) For the connection nodes of the upper and lower precast shear walls, a steel pipe extending from the upper precast shear wall is inserted into the receiving groove of the lower precast shear wall for anchoring. The shear resistance of the steel pipe (preferably a steel pipe filled with concrete or grout) ensures the shear continuity between the upper and lower precast shear walls. Compared with traditional methods such as rebar shearing, the connection structure of this application has a high shear bearing capacity and can effectively avoid interface direct shear failure of the precast shear wall under moderate and major earthquakes.

[0123] (3) Tensile strength nodes are achieved by fixing tensile structures (protruding structures and / or anchor plates) and / or setting rough inner surfaces of the receiving grooves in the extended steel pipe sections. Under a major earthquake, when the precast shear walls are subjected to tension, the concrete outside the steel pipe cracks and stops working first, and the tensile force is borne by the concrete of the embedded steel pipe with good ductility.

[0124] (4) By setting steel pipes in the edge members on both sides of the wall, the weakening effect of the discontinuity between the upper and lower layers of the vertical distribution reinforcement in the middle is compensated, and the same effect as cast-in-place is achieved as a whole.

[0125] (5) Precast shear walls are usually load-bearing walls. Under self-overlapping plus small or moderate earthquakes, the precast shear walls are in a small eccentric compression state. The steel pipes embedded in the edge members can provide sufficient bending bearing capacity. The upper and lower precast shear walls are subjected to the whole cross section as a whole, and have the same initial stiffness and bearing capacity as cast-in-place walls.

[0126] Under self-overlapping earthquake conditions, precast shear walls exhibit good seismic ductility and rotational capacity. Under a major earthquake, one edge member is under tension, and the other under compression. The damage development process is as follows: after the concrete of the tension edge member cracks, the embedded steel tube yields under tension, and then the horizontal cracks in the precast shear wall extend towards the center. Because the embedded steel tube in the compression zone becomes confined concrete, the compressive bearing capacity is increased, and the crushing of the compression zone is delayed. The height of the compression zone, which resists flexural stress, shifts upwards into the edge member, increasing the flexural lever arm. Therefore, the flexural bearing capacity is further improved under a major earthquake. At the member level, this manifests as good rotational capacity and improved flexural bearing capacity, exhibiting good seismic ductility and safety.

[0127] By setting steel-concrete composite shear pins at both ends and interlocking the upper and lower layers of the middle section through cast-in-place layers, shear resistance under major earthquakes is equivalent to that of cast-in-place concrete.

[0128] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, this application also provides a building module 1, including the aforementioned precast shear wall 10. The building module 1 further includes at least one of a module top slab 2, a module bottom slab 3, and a partition wall 4, wherein the precast shear wall 10 and the partition wall 4 constitute the walls of the building module 1. The aforementioned precast shear wall 10 can be arranged at any location among the multiple walls of the building module 1, and the number is unlimited. For example, the aforementioned precast shear wall 10 is a load-bearing wall of the building module 1.

[0129] In one example, building module 1 includes the aforementioned precast shear wall 10, module top slab 2, module bottom slab 3, and partition wall 4, forming a roughly hexahedral structure. Building module 1 can be a hexahedral structure or a non-hexahedral structure; it can be a single room or divided into multiple rooms by partition walls. Building module 1 can be transported as a whole after all assembly or decoration is completed in the factory.

[0130] In one example, building module 1 includes a module top slab 2. The module top slab 2 is a composite floor slab, comprising a precast slab layer 2a and a post-cast layer 2b. The precast slab layer 2a is a factory-prefabricated component, including trusses and precast slabs. The precast slabs are positioned corresponding to the lower portion of the trusses, while the upper portion of the trusses provides space for the on-site casting of the post-cast layer 2b. Thus, the module top slab 2 is a rigid, integral slab that can transfer the lateral forces acting on building module 1 to shear-resistant structures such as the core tube.

[0131] Optionally, such as Figure 17As shown, the module top plate 2 is connected to a ring beam 5, thereby reducing the required thickness of the module top plate 2. Of course, as... Figure 18 As shown, the top plate 2 of the module may also be without a ring beam.

[0132] According to the building module of this application, the aforementioned prefabricated shear walls are integrated into the building module to form highly integrated modular units that can be stacked and connected layer by layer. This allows most of the work to be completed in the factory, significantly reducing on-site engineering work, improving construction efficiency, and shortening the construction period. Through innovative node connection methods, efficient and reliable assembly between building modules is achieved, significantly improving construction efficiency. The building modules can be stacked and connected to form a "modular shear wall structure" capable of independently bearing vertical and horizontal loads.

[0133] This application also provides a modular building system, which includes the prefabricated shear wall 10 as described above, or the building module 1 as described above.

[0134] A modular building system can be formed by connecting multiple building modules 1 along the horizontal direction D2 and / or the vertical direction D1.

[0135] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, building modules 1 can be connected vertically along D1. The vertical connection structure between the upper building module 1 and the lower building module 1 includes the connection structure between the upper precast shear wall 10 and the lower precast shear wall 10.

[0136] like Figure 19 As shown, building modules 1 can be connected along the transverse direction D2. The post-cast layer 2b of the top plate 2 of at least two horizontally adjacent building modules 1 is cast as a whole, thereby transmitting transverse forces through the top plate 2, for example, to the core tube.

[0137] The modular building system includes building module 1 and core tube, which are connected as a whole. Building module 1 includes a top plate 2 and a bottom plate 3, which are integral rigid plates. Thus, the lateral forces (lateral forces) on building module 1 can be transferred to the core tube with high lateral stiffness through the top plate 2 and / or the bottom plate 3, and the core tube bears the main lateral forces of the building system.

[0138] The modular building system proposed in this application is highly efficient and reliable in assembly, requires minimal on-site construction work, and possesses strong horizontal load-bearing capacity. In high-rise and super high-rise buildings, concrete building modules are connected to the vertical circulation core tube via floor slabs to form a whole. This fully utilizes the high lateral stiffness of the core tube to form a "modular shear wall-core tube structural system." The core tube bears the main lateral forces, while the modular shear walls primarily bear gravity loads, thereby effectively ensuring the safety and reliability of the structure in high-rise and super high-rise buildings.

[0139] This application also provides an assembly method for stacking and connecting the precast shear wall 10 described above, or for stacking and connecting building modules 1 including the precast shear wall 10 described above. The assembly method includes:

[0140] S1. Provide an upper precast shear wall 10 and a lower precast shear wall 10;

[0141] S2. Grouting material is injected into each of the receiving grooves 15 of the lower layer precast shear wall 10;

[0142] S3. Hoist the upper precast shear wall 10 so that the steel pipe 11 of the upper precast shear wall 10 is inserted into the receiving groove 15 of the lower precast shear wall 10 to a predetermined depth.

[0143] The grout is fluid during injection and solidifies after a certain period of time. It does not contain large stones.

[0144] For example, in the precast shear wall 10 provided in S1, the entire cavity of the steel pipe 11 or the first part of the steel pipe 11 has been pre-filled with concrete 13 in the factory, and then S2 and S3 are performed sequentially to complete the stacking connection. The assembly method of this application requires less work on the construction site, is simple to operate, and has high assembly efficiency.

[0145] Optionally, the assembly method after S1 or S3 further includes:

[0146] S4. Pour concrete into the steel pipe 11 of the upper precast shear wall 10.

[0147] For example, the precast shear wall 10 provided in S1 has a hollow cavity for its steel pipe 11, and S4, S2 and S3 can be executed sequentially to complete the stacking connection. In S4, concrete can be poured into the entire cavity of the steel pipe 11, or concrete can be poured into the cavity corresponding to the first part of the steel pipe 11.

[0148] For example, in the precast shear wall 10 provided in S1, the entire cavity of its steel pipe 11 is hollow, and subsequent steps S2, S3, and S4 can be performed sequentially to complete the stacking connection. In S3, after the steel pipe 11 is inserted into the receiving groove 15, the lower part (second part) of the cavity is filled with grout. In S4, concrete can be poured from the receiving groove 15 of the upper precast shear wall 10 into the upper part (first part) of the cavity of the steel pipe 11. Compared to traditional grouting methods, this application's grouting method, which involves grouting into the steel pipe and receiving groove, is simpler to operate, requires less on-site grouting volume, and is more efficient.

[0149] It should be noted that the terms "upper layer" and "lower layer" in this application are relative concepts. For example, when three precast shear walls (the first precast shear wall, the second precast shear wall, and the third precast shear wall) are stacked sequentially from bottom to top, the first precast shear wall is the lower layer precast shear wall and the second precast shear wall is the upper layer precast shear wall when the second precast shear wall is stacked and connected to the first precast shear wall; when the third precast shear wall is stacked and connected to the second precast shear wall, the second precast shear wall is the lower layer precast shear wall and the third precast shear wall is the upper layer precast shear wall.

[0150] The processes and steps described in all the preferred embodiments above are merely examples. Unless adverse effects occur, various processing operations can be performed in a different order than the above-described processes. The order of steps in the above processes can also be added, combined, or deleted according to actual needs.

[0151] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Features described in one embodiment may be applied, alone or in combination with other features, to another embodiment, unless that feature is not applicable in that other embodiment or is otherwise stated.

[0152] This application has been described through the above embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrative purposes. This application is not limited to the above embodiments. Many variations and modifications can be made based on the teachings of this application, and all such variations and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A precast shear wall, characterized in that, The precast shear wall includes: A wall, the wall being used for vertical placement; At least two steel pipes are embedded in the wall, extending vertically and spaced horizontally, with each pipe extending downwards beyond the wall by a predetermined length; and At least two receiving grooves are provided in the wall, the receiving grooves are provided corresponding to the steel pipes along the height direction of the wall, the receiving grooves are located above the corresponding steel pipes, and the receiving grooves open upwards and extend vertically downwards to a predetermined depth.

2. The precast shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entire cavity of the steel pipe is filled with concrete; or The steel pipe comprises a first part located at the top and a second part located at the bottom, the cavity of the first part being filled with concrete; or The entire cavity of the steel pipe is hollow.

3. The precast shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precast shear wall also includes a first vertical reinforcing bar, which is embedded in the cavity of the steel pipe.

4. The precast shear wall according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least three of the first vertical reinforcing bars are arranged at circumferential intervals in the steel pipe.

5. The precast shear wall according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first vertical reinforcing bar extends out of the steel pipe at at least one of its upper and lower ends; and / or Stirrups are provided around the at least three first vertical reinforcing bars.

6. The precast shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the portion of the steel pipe extending downwards from the wall is provided with a protruding structure; and / or An anchor plate is fixed to the bottom end of the steel pipe, and the anchor plate extends laterally and protrudes from at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe.

7. The precast shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the receiving groove wall is roughened or washed. Alternatively, the wall of the receiving groove may be a metal corrugated pipe.

8. The precast shear wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel pipe has a through hole in the wall of the portion extending downwards from the wall; and / or The lateral dimension of the opening of the receiving groove is smaller than or larger than the lateral dimension of the bottom of the receiving groove.

9. The precast shear wall according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The precast shear wall includes an edge member, the edge member includes the steel pipe, and the receiving groove is formed in the edge member.

10. The precast shear wall according to claim 9, characterized in that, The edge member has a second vertical reinforcing bar embedded in the periphery of the receiving groove and the steel pipe.

11. The precast shear wall according to claim 10, characterized in that, The edge member is provided with stirrups surrounding the second vertical reinforcing bar; and / or The edge member is provided with stirrups surrounding the embedded part of the steel pipe.

12. The precast shear wall according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The wall is a reinforced concrete structure.

13. A building module, characterized in that, The building module includes a precast shear wall according to any one of claims 1-12.

14. The building module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The building module also includes at least one of a module top plate, a module bottom plate, and a partition wall, wherein the precast shear wall and the partition wall constitute the wall of the building module.

15. The building module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The building module includes a module top slab, which is a composite floor slab comprising a precast slab layer and a post-cast layer.

16. The building module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The building module includes a module top plate, and the module top plate is connected to a ring beam.

17. A modular building system, characterized in that, The modular building system includes: Precast shear wall according to any one of claims 1-12, or The building module according to any one of claims 13-16.

18. The modular building system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The modular building system includes building modules and a core tube, with the building modules and the core tube connected as a whole. The building module includes a module top plate and a module bottom plate, wherein the module top plate and / or the module bottom plate are integral rigid plates.

19. An assembly method for stacking and connecting precast shear walls according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The assembly method includes: S1. Provide the upper layer of precast shear wall and the lower layer of precast shear wall; S2. Grouting material with fluidity is injected into each of the receiving grooves of the lower layer of precast shear wall; S3. Hoist the upper precast shear wall so that the steel pipe of the upper precast shear wall is inserted into the receiving groove of the lower precast shear wall to a predetermined depth.

20. The assembly method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The assembly method following S1 or S3 further includes: S4. Pour concrete into the steel pipe of the upper-level precast shear wall.

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