Oil and gas well real-time acquisition device and acquisition method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas, and discloses an oil and gas well real-time acquisition device and an oil and gas well real-time acquisition method which comprises the following steps: step 1, checking equipment and tools; 2, a wellhead site is pretreated; 3, device positioning and pre-butt joint are carried out; fourthly, high-pressure sealing adjustment is conducted; 5, pipeline exhaust and leakage reinspection are carried out; step 6, setting acquisition parameters; step 7, performing real-time acquisition operation; step 8, performing exception handling; ninthly, fluid reinjection and pipeline cleaning are conducted; 10, resetting and storing the equipment; and 11, executing safety and environmental protection requirements. The device has the beneficial effects that the collection requirements of dispersed wellheads of oil and gas fields are met through the collection assembly and the butt joint assembly, zero leakage in the collection process is ensured, pressure pulses can be absorbed, a collection instrument is prevented from being damaged by high-pressure impact, direct discharge of fluid is avoided, and different sizes of wellhead pipe diameters can be adapted by replacing sealing rings of different specifications; and normal production of oil-gas wells is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas technology, and in particular to a real-time acquisition device and method for oil and gas wells. Background Technology

[0002] As oil and gas exploration extends to "deep wells and unconventional wells (shale gas wells and tight oil wells)," and with the advancement of digital oil and gas field construction, real-time acquisition of wellhead fluids (crude oil, gas-bearing fluids, and formation water) has become a crucial link in reservoir evaluation, production control, and environmental compliance. Oil and gas field wellheads are generally characterized by their scattered distribution, long distances, and complex environments.

[0003] Traditional fixed sampling equipment requires individual deployment for each well, resulting in high equipment costs. Oil and gas wellhead pressure fluctuates widely, and the fluid contains corrosive impurities such as sulfides and silt. If the seal fails during the sampling process, it can lead to crude oil leakage, causing environmental pollution and safety risks. Furthermore, traditional oil well sampling devices rely on manual bolt tightening for sealing, which makes it difficult to precisely control the tightening force. This can easily lead to insufficient tightening and leakage or excessive tightening and damage to the sealing ring. In addition, the device lacks adaptability and cannot meet the batch sampling needs of wellheads of various sizes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned real-time acquisition devices for oil and gas wells, we propose the present invention.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a real-time data acquisition device for oil and gas wells. The purpose is to: adopt a structure with a double-ended screw synchronous transmission and a sealing ring to reduce the sealing leakage rate; add a buffer pipe and foam for shock absorption to control the pressure fluctuation amplitude and reduce the instrument failure rate; and transmit the acquired data to the cloud platform in real time to provide front-end data support for oil and gas fields.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A real-time data acquisition device for oil and gas wells, comprising, The data acquisition component includes a frame, a bracket fixedly connected to the end of the frame, an inlet pipe fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the bracket, an outlet pipe fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the bracket, and a liquid pump fixedly connected to the middle of the frame. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the liquid pump through a pipe, and the outlet of the liquid pump is connected to the outlet pipe through a pipe. The docking assembly includes a connecting ring fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid inlet pipe, a cover fixedly connected to the end of the connecting ring, a retaining edge inserted into the side wall of the cover, a sealing ring snapped into the inner wall of the connecting ring, and a connector fixedly connected to the end of the sealing ring. The end of the connector is slidably inserted into the inside of the cover. The sealing rings are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the liquid inlet pipe, and the inner wall of the sealing ring has an arc-shaped edge that cooperates with the central through hole of the liquid inlet pipe.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time oil and gas well acquisition device of the present invention, a lead screw is rotatably installed inside the cover, and a ball nut is adapted to be installed on the side wall of the lead screw. The side wall of the ball nut is bolted to the end of the connector.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time oil and gas well acquisition device of the present invention, the lead screw is a double-ended lead screw, a worm gear is fixedly connected to the center of the lead screw, a worm is rotatably installed inside the cover, and the end of the worm meshes with the side wall of the worm gear.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time oil and gas well acquisition device of the present invention, the cover is internally connected to a slide rail by bolts, the slide rail sidewall is fitted with a slider, and the end of the slider is connected to the sidewall of the connector by bolts.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the real-time oil and gas well acquisition device of the present invention, the sidewall of the sealing ring is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the connecting ring, and the sidewall of the sealing ring and the sidewall of the connecting ring are provided with matching arc-shaped edges.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time oil and gas well acquisition device of the present invention, wherein: the end of the retaining edge extends to the side wall of the cover, the side wall of the retaining edge is provided with a locking head that cooperates with the locking groove of the side wall of the connecting ring, and the side wall of the cover is provided with a locking groove that cooperates with the protrusion at the end of the connecting ring.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time acquisition device for oil and gas wells described in this invention, a transfer pipe is sealed between the outlet of the liquid pump and the outlet pipe, a buffer pipe is connected to the side wall of the transfer pipe, the end of the buffer pipe is connected to the end of the transfer pipe, and foam is pasted on the side wall of the transfer pipe.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time acquisition device for oil and gas wells according to the present invention, the acquisition component further includes a return pipe sealed and installed on the side wall of the end of the outlet pipe, and a solenoid valve encapsulated in the middle of the return pipe, wherein the end of the return pipe is sealed and connected to the side wall of the inlet pipe through a flange.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the real-time oil and gas well acquisition device of the present invention, wherein: the side wall of the liquid outlet pipe is encapsulated with an auxiliary pipe, and a valve is sealed and installed at the end of the auxiliary pipe.

[0015] A method for real-time data acquisition from oil and gas wells includes the following steps: Step 1: Equipment and Tool Inspection Prepare the core equipment: real-time oil and gas well acquisition device, torque wrench, high-pressure air compressor, sampling bottle, soapy water test solution, and lubricating oil for the appropriate pump; Check equipment status: Confirm that the sealing ring has no cracks or deformation, the worm gear handwheel rotates smoothly without jamming, and the slide rail and slider cooperate smoothly; Piping system: Check that the inlet and outlet pipes are free of rust and damage, and that the return pipe and solenoid valve operate reliably; Liquid pump: Add lubricating oil to the oil level line in the instruction manual, manually rotate the coupling to ensure that there is no jamming or abnormal noise during operation; Step 2: Wellhead Site Pretreatment Environmental cleanup: Remove sand, gravel, and weeds around the wellhead and level the area where the vehicle frame is parked; Wellhead pipeline treatment: Use high-pressure air to blow away the ends of the wellhead pipeline and remove mud, sand and rust from the inner wall; Step 3: Device positioning and pre-docking Device movement: Release the brakes on the caster wheels of the frame, push to the target wellhead, align the center through hole of the connecting ring with the axis of the wellhead pipeline, and lock the caster wheels; Pre-fixing: Hold the cover and align the end slot with the annular protrusion of the connecting ring. Press along the axis until the protrusion is fully inserted into the slot. Confirm that the elastic retaining head of the side guard is embedded in the connecting ring slot. Gently pull the cover and there should be no looseness. Step 4: High-pressure seal adjustment Transmission drive: Hold the worm gear handwheel with both hands and rotate it clockwise. Through the transmission of worm gear-screw-ball nut, the connecting parts and the sealing ring move towards each other along the slide rail until the sealing ring fits against the outer wall of the wellhead pipeline. Sealing verification: Use a torque wrench to check the handwheel torque, apply soapy water to the sealing ring contact area, and it is considered qualified if no bubbles appear after standing. Step 5: Pipeline venting and leak re-inspection Exhaust operation: Slowly open the high-pressure ball valve on the auxiliary pipe, and close the valve after no air bubbles flow out of the outlet; Pressure retest: Start the liquid pump to the lowest speed, raise the pipeline pressure to the set parameter and maintain the pressure. After checking the docking components, flanges and adapters for leaks, turn off the liquid pump. Step Six: Set Acquisition Parameters Starting the liquid pump: Connect the power supply to the liquid pump, press the equipment start button, and gradually adjust the speed to the target flow rate; Pressure monitoring: Observe the pressure gauge on the adapter pipe to ensure that the pressure is within the set range; Step 7: Real-time data acquisition Parameter monitoring: Record instrument data at the end of the fluid delivery tubing every minute, and simultaneously record wellhead temperature and pressure; Sample collection: Open the auxiliary tube valve, collect the sample with a special sampling bottle, close the valve after sampling, and label the wellhead number, collection time, and ambient temperature; Step 8: Exception Handling Overpressure relief: When the pipeline pressure is too high, immediately and slowly open the auxiliary pipe valve to relieve the pressure and check for causes such as wellhead back pressure and pipeline blockage; Leakage handling: If leakage is found in the docking assembly, immediately shut off the liquid pump, reverse the worm gear handwheel to release pressure, check / replace the seal ring, and then repeat step four. Liquid pump malfunction: If the liquid pump makes abnormal noise, turn off the power, check the lubricating oil level and the condition of the inlet pipe blockage, and restart after troubleshooting; Step Nine: Fluid Reinjection and Pipeline Cleaning Reinjection operation: Turn off the power to the liquid pump, open the solenoid valve of the return pipe, and allow the residual fluid to flow back to the wellhead; Pipeline flushing: Close the solenoid valve, inject cleaning fluid into the auxiliary pipe, start the liquid pump to flush the pipeline for 2 seconds, and return the flushing fluid to the wellhead through the return pipe; Step 10: Device Reset and Storage Reset the docking components: Turn the worm gear handwheel counterclockwise to disengage the sealing ring from the wellhead pipeline, press the side clamp to remove the cover, and wipe the sealing ring and connecting ring with a cotton cloth to remove oil stains; Equipment transfer: Loosen the caster brakes and transfer the equipment to the next well or storage area; when not in use for a long time, apply anti-rust oil to the pump and lead screw, and store the sealing ring separately in a dry sealed bag; Step Eleven: Compliance with Safety and Environmental Protection Requirements Personal protective equipment: Wear protective gloves and goggles, and avoid contact of fluids with skin; Operational precautions: Do not point directly at the pipeline outlet during data collection to prevent high-pressure fluid from splashing; Waste disposal: Dispose of waste cotton cloth and gloves in accordance with hazardous waste regulations and do not discard them indiscriminately; Record keeping: Collect and record the equipment operating status daily, and establish a maintenance log.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Multiple wellheads can be rapidly transferred using the acquisition and docking components, adapting to the acquisition needs of dispersed wellheads in oil and gas fields. This ensures zero leakage during the acquisition process, absorbs pressure pulses to prevent high-pressure impacts from damaging the acquisition instruments, prevents pipeline overpressure, and avoids direct fluid discharge. Different sizes of wellhead pipe diameters can be adapted by replacing sealing rings of different specifications without replacing the entire docking component. This enables dynamic monitoring of oil and gas well fluid parameters, providing data support for wellhead production control and ensuring normal oil and gas well production. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top-view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the docking component of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the docking component of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 100, data acquisition component; 101, chassis; 102, support; 103, inlet pipe; 104, outlet pipe; 105, pump; 106, adapter pipe; 107, buffer pipe; 108, return pipe; 109, solenoid valve; 110, auxiliary pipe; 200, docking assembly; 201, connecting ring; 202, cover; 203, flange; 204, sealing ring; 205, connector; 206, lead screw; 207, ball nut; 208, worm gear; 209, worm; 210, slide rail; 211, slider. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth. Example 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1-5 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a real-time oil and gas well acquisition device, comprising, The data acquisition component 100 includes a frame 101, a bracket 102 fixedly connected to the end of the frame 101, an inlet pipe 103 fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the bracket 102, an outlet pipe 104 fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the bracket 102, and a liquid pump 105 fixedly connected to the middle of the frame 101. One end of the inlet pipe 103 is connected to the inlet of the liquid pump 105 through a pipe, and the outlet of the liquid pump 105 is connected to the outlet pipe 104 through a pipe. The docking assembly 200 includes a connecting ring 201 fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 103, a cover 202 fixedly connected to the end of the connecting ring 201, a retaining edge 203 inserted into the side wall of the cover 202, a sealing ring 204 snapped into the inner wall of the connecting ring 201, and a connector 205 fixedly connected to the end of the sealing ring 204. The end of the connector 205 is slidably inserted into the inside of the cover 202. The sealing rings 204 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the liquid inlet pipe 103, and the inner wall of the sealing ring 204 has an arc-shaped edge that cooperates with the central through hole of the liquid inlet pipe 103.

[0028] The acquisition component 100 is used to extract, buffer, and reinject fluids from oil and gas wells, while also providing a mobile platform for the entire system, adapting to the complex environment of wellheads in the field. The chassis 101 has pre-installed caster mounting positions at its bottom, accommodating wear-resistant casters suitable for gravel roads in the field. This allows for short-distance movement via manpower or towing equipment, solving the problem of transporting acquisition equipment due to the dispersed nature of oil and gas wellheads. The support 102 has an inlet pipe 103 and an outlet pipe 104 installed on its sidewall for fluid transport. The pump 105 is a high-pressure positive displacement plunger pump, fixed in the middle of the chassis 101, adaptable to the back pressure of oil and gas wellheads, ensuring stable fluid extraction. The docking component 200 is used to connect to the wellhead pipeline of the oil and gas well, adapting to clamping and fixing wellhead pipelines of different diameters. The cover 202 is snapped into the connecting ring 201. The groove on the side wall of the cover 202 matches the protrusion at the end of the connecting ring 201. At the same time, the snap head at the end of the baffle 203 snaps into the groove on the side wall of the connecting ring 201, forming a double positioning structure to prevent the cover from shifting during docking. The sealing ring 204 is made of oil-resistant and high-pressure-resistant fluororubber and is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the inlet pipe 103. The inner wall has an arc-shaped edge that matches the central through hole of the inlet pipe 103. The arc-shaped edge can form a contact seal with the outer wall of the inlet pipe 103 and the inner wall of the wellhead pipeline, increasing the sealing area. The arc-shaped edge of the side wall of the sealing ring fits into the inner wall of the connecting ring, further improving the sealing reliability and allowing it to withstand high pressure without leakage.

[0029] Specifically, a lead screw 206 is rotatably installed inside the cover 202, and a ball nut 207 is fitted on the side wall of the lead screw 206. The side wall of the ball nut 207 is bolted to the end of the connector 205. The lead screw 206 is a double-ended lead screw, and a worm gear 208 is fixedly connected to the center of the lead screw 206. A worm 209 is rotatably installed inside the cover 202, and the end of the worm 209 meshes with the side wall of the worm gear 208.

[0030] The self-locking characteristics of the worm gear 208 and worm 209 prevent the screw from reversing due to fluid pressure during operation, ensuring a stable sealing state. Rotating the end of the worm 209 drives the screw 206 to rotate synchronously via the worm gear 208. When the screw 206 rotates, the ball nuts 207 at both ends drive the connecting parts 205 to move synchronously in opposite directions along the axial direction of the screw 206, thereby pushing the sealing ring 204 to clamp the wellhead pipeline. The double-ended screw design ensures that the two sealing rings are subjected to uniform force, avoiding leakage caused by poor sealing on one side. The rolling friction of the ball nuts 207 reduces transmission resistance, allowing a single person to rotate the handwheel to complete the sealing operation, or it can be driven by a drive device.

[0031] Furthermore, a slide rail 210 is bolted inside the cover 202, and a slider 211 is fitted onto the side wall of the slide rail 210. The end of the slider 211 is bolted to the side wall of the connector 205.

[0032] When the connector 205 moves, the slider 211 slides along the slide rail 210, which can limit the offset of the connector 205, ensure that the sealing ring 204 is always coaxial with the wellhead pipeline, avoid local wear of the sealing ring 204 due to the tilt of the connector 205, and extend the service life of the sealing ring 204.

[0033] Preferably, the sidewall of the sealing ring 204 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the connecting ring 201, and the sidewall of the sealing ring 204 and the sidewall of the connecting ring 201 are provided with matching arc-shaped edges.

[0034] Preferably, the end of the retaining edge 203 extends to the side wall of the cover 202, and the side wall of the retaining edge 203 is provided with a locking head that cooperates with the locking groove of the side wall of the connecting ring 201, and the side wall of the cover 202 is provided with a locking groove that cooperates with the protrusion at the end of the connecting ring 201.

[0035] Specifically, a transfer tube 106 is sealed between the outlet of the liquid pump 105 and the outlet pipe 104. A buffer tube 107 is connected to the side wall of the transfer tube 106. The end of the buffer tube 107 is connected to the end of the transfer tube 106. Foam is pasted on the side wall of the transfer tube 106.

[0036] When the output pressure of the liquid pump 105 fluctuates (such as pressure pulses caused by the reciprocating motion of the plunger), the fluid in the buffer tube can absorb the pressure peak through volume expansion or contraction, controlling the pressure fluctuation amplitude within a stable range, avoiding high-pressure pulse impact on the acquisition instruments (flow meter, density meter) at the end of the liquid outlet pipe 104, and extending the service life of the instruments; the foam pasted on the side wall of the adapter pipe 106 has a closed-cell structure, which has both shock absorption and heat preservation functions, reducing the transmission of liquid pump vibration to the pipeline, and preventing the fluid temperature in the pipeline from being too low during winter field operations, thus affecting the delivery.

[0037] Preferably, the collection assembly 100 also includes a return pipe 108 sealed and installed on the side wall of the end of the outlet pipe 104, and a solenoid valve 109 encapsulated in the middle of the return pipe 108. The end of the return pipe 108 is sealed and connected to the side wall of the inlet pipe 103 by a flange.

[0038] The solenoid valve 109 can be remotely switched on and off by the controller. When the data collection is completed or the pipeline needs to be cleaned, the solenoid valve 109 opens, and the fluid in the outlet pipe 104 can flow back to the inlet pipe 103 through the return pipe 108, realizing a closed-loop circuit of data collection and reinjection, and avoiding direct discharge of fluid that could cause environmental pollution.

[0039] Preferably, the side wall of the outlet pipe 104 is encapsulated with an auxiliary pipe 110, and a valve is sealed at the end of the auxiliary pipe 110.

[0040] The valve sealed at the end of the auxiliary pipe 110 can be used as an emergency pressure relief port or a sampling port. When the pipeline pressure exceeds the limit, the valve at the end of the auxiliary pipe 110 can be opened to relieve the pressure. When it is necessary to obtain a fluid sample, it can be sampled directly through the end of the auxiliary pipe 110 without disassembling the main pipeline.

[0041] During use, move the chassis 101 to the target oil and gas wellhead and adjust its position so that the connecting ring 201 of the docking assembly is aligned with the wellhead pipeline. Align the groove at the end of the cover 202 with the protrusion at the end of the connecting ring 201, press the cover 202 so that the protrusion engages in the groove, and simultaneously the clip at the end of the flange 203 automatically springs into the groove on the side wall of the connecting ring 201, completing the initial positioning of the cover 202 and the connecting ring 201. Rotate the handwheel at the end of the worm gear 209, the worm gear drives the worm wheel 208 to rotate, and the worm wheel drives the double-ended lead screw 206 to rotate synchronously. The ball nuts 207 at both ends of the lead screw 206 drive the connecting piece 205 to move towards each other along the slide rail 210, and the connecting piece pushes the sealing ring 204 towards the wellhead pipeline. Continue to rotate the handwheel until the arc-shaped edge of the inner wall of the sealing ring 204 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the wellhead pipeline and the outer wall of the inlet pipe 103. Check the handwheel torque with a torque wrench to confirm that the seal is in place. Start the liquid pump 105. The liquid pump 105 draws fluid (crude oil, gas-bearing liquid, etc.) from the wellhead of the oil and gas well through the inlet pipe 103. After being pressurized by the liquid pump, the fluid enters the transfer pipe 106. The buffer pipe 107 on the side wall of the transfer pipe 106 absorbs the pressure pulse output by the liquid pump, and after the fluid pressure is stabilized, it enters the outlet pipe 104. If it is necessary to monitor fluid parameters in real time, such as flow rate and density, a corresponding acquisition instrument can be installed at the end of the outlet pipe 104. If sampling is required, open the valve at the end of the auxiliary pipe 110 to directly obtain a fluid sample.

[0042] During the collection process, if the pipeline pressure exceeds the limit, open the valve of the auxiliary pipe 110 to release the pressure and avoid pipeline damage. After the collection is completed, turn off the liquid pump 105 and open the solenoid valve 109 in the middle of the return pipe 108: the fluid remaining in the outlet pipe 104 flows back to the inlet pipe 103 through the return pipe and is finally reinjected into the wellhead of the oil and gas well to achieve zero discharge. Rotate the worm gear 209 handwheel in the opposite direction to drive the lead screw 206 to reverse, reset the connector 205 and the sealing ring 204, remove the cover 202, push the frame to the next wellhead, and repeat the above process.

[0043] In summary, this system enables rapid transfer between multiple wellheads, shortening preparation time and adapting to the needs of dispersed wellheads in oil and gas fields. The combination of double sealing rings and a double-ended screw synchronous drive, along with the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear, prevents seal loosening during operation, ensuring zero leakage during acquisition. The combination of buffer tubes and foam absorbs pressure pulses, preventing high-pressure impacts from damaging the acquisition instruments. The emergency pressure relief function of the auxiliary tube and the closed-loop design of the return fluid tube prevent overpressure in the pipeline and avoid direct fluid discharge. Different sizes of wellhead pipes can be adapted by replacing sealing rings of different specifications, eliminating the need to replace the entire docking assembly. The outlet pipe can be directly connected to real-time acquisition instruments for flow rate, density, etc., enabling dynamic monitoring of oil and gas well fluid parameters and providing data support for wellhead production control. The closed-loop design of the return fluid tube prevents fluid waste during acquisition and reduces interference with wellhead pressure, ensuring normal oil and gas well production. Example 2

[0044] Reference Figure 1-5 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that it provides a real-time acquisition method for oil and gas wells, including the following steps: Step 1: Equipment and Tool Inspection Prepare core equipment: real-time oil and gas well acquisition device (chassis 101, liquid pump 105, docking assembly 200), torque wrench (0-50 N·m range), high-pressure air compressor (0.5-0.8 MPa), 500-1000 mL special sampling bottle, soapy water detection solution, and lubricating oil compatible with the liquid pump; Check equipment status: Connecting components: Confirm that the sealing ring 204 is free of cracks / deformation, the worm gear 209 handwheel rotates smoothly without jamming, and the slide rail 210 and slider 211 fit together smoothly; Piping system: Check that the inlet pipe 103 and outlet pipe 104 are free of rust / damage, and that the solenoid valve 109 on the return pipe 108 operates reliably. Liquid pump: Add lubricating oil to the oil level line in the instruction manual, manually rotate the coupling 2-3 turns to ensure smooth operation without jamming or abnormal noise.

[0045] Step 2: Wellhead Site Pretreatment Environmental cleanup: Remove sand, gravel, and weeds within a 1.5m radius around the wellhead, and level the area where the vehicle frame is parked (inclination ≤ 3°). Wellhead pipeline treatment: Use a 0.5-0.8MPa high-pressure air blower to blow the end of the wellhead pipeline for ≥30s to remove mud, sand and rust from the inner wall.

[0046] Step 3: Device positioning and pre-docking Device movement: Release the brake on caster 101 of the frame, and two people work together to push it to the target wellhead, aligning the center through hole of connecting ring 201 with the axis of the wellhead pipeline (coaxiality error ≤ 1mm), and lock the caster; Pre-fixing: Hold the cover 202 and align its end slot with the annular protrusion of the connecting ring 201. Press along the axis until the protrusion is fully inserted into the slot. Confirm that the elastic clip of the edge 203 is embedded in the connecting ring slot. Gently pull the cover and it should not loosen.

[0047] Step 4: High-pressure seal adjustment Transmission drive: Hold the worm gear 209 handwheel with both hands and rotate it clockwise. Through the worm wheel 208-screw 206-ball nut 207, the connecting piece 205 and the sealing ring 204 move towards each other along the slide rail 210 until the sealing ring fits against the outer wall of the wellhead pipeline. Sealing verification: Use a torque wrench to check the handwheel torque. After it reaches 20-30 N·m, apply soapy water to the sealing ring contact area and let it stand for 1-2 minutes. If there are no bubbles, it is considered qualified.

[0048] Step 5: Pipeline venting and leak re-inspection Exhaust operation: Slowly open the auxiliary pipe 110 high-pressure ball valve (opening degree 1 / 4 turn), and close the valve after the fluid without bubbles flows out of the outlet; Pressure retest: Start the liquid pump 105 to the lowest speed (flow rate 0.5 m³ / h), raise the pipeline pressure to 1-2 MPa and hold the pressure for 5 minutes. After checking the docking components, flanges, and adapter pipes 106 for leaks, turn off the liquid pump.

[0049] Step Six: Set Acquisition Parameters Starting the liquid pump: Connect the power supply to the liquid pump 105, press the "Start" button, and gradually adjust the speed to the target flow rate (0.5-2 m³ / h, set as needed). Pressure monitoring: Observe the pressure gauge on the adapter pipe 106, stabilize the pressure through the buffer pipe 107, and ensure that the pressure is between 1-10MPa (maximum ≤12MPa safety threshold).

[0050] Step 7: Real-time data acquisition Parameter monitoring: Record the instrument data at the end of the 104-tube outlet every 5 minutes (flow rate accurate to 0.01 m³ / h, density accurate to 0.001 g / cm³), and simultaneously record the wellhead temperature and pressure; Sample collection: Open valve 110 in the auxiliary tube, collect 500-1000 mL of sample in a special sampling bottle (avoid air bubbles), close the valve after sampling, and label the wellhead number, collection time, and ambient temperature.

[0051] Step 8: Exception Handling Overpressure relief: When the pipeline pressure is >12MPa, immediately and slowly open the auxiliary pipe 110 valve to relieve the pressure to 8-10MPa, and check for causes such as wellhead back pressure and pipeline blockage; Leakage handling: If leakage is found in the docking assembly, immediately shut off the liquid pump, reverse the worm gear handwheel to release pressure, check / replace the 204 seal ring, and then repeat step four. Liquid pump malfunction: If the liquid pump makes abnormal noise, turn off the power, check the lubricating oil level and the blockage of the inlet pipe, and restart after troubleshooting.

[0052] Step Nine: Fluid Reinjection and Pipeline Cleaning Reinjection operation: Turn off the power to the liquid pump 105, open the solenoid valve 109 of the return pipe 108, and let the residual fluid flow back to the wellhead (continue for 5-10 minutes until there is no flow in the pipeline). Pipeline flushing: Close solenoid valve 109, inject 500-1000mL of cleaning fluid into auxiliary pipe 110, start the liquid pump and run it for 30 seconds to flush the pipeline, and return the flushing fluid to the wellhead through the return pipe.

[0053] Step 10: Device Reset and Storage Reset the docking assembly: Turn the worm gear handwheel counterclockwise to disengage the sealing ring 204 from the wellhead pipeline, press the retaining edge 203 clip to remove the cover, and wipe the sealing ring and connecting ring with a cotton cloth to remove oil stains; Equipment transfer: Loosen the caster brakes and transfer the device to the next well or storage area; when not in use for a long time, apply anti-rust oil to the hydraulic pump 105 and the lead screw 206, and store the sealing ring separately in a dry sealed bag.

[0054] Step Eleven: Compliance with Safety and Environmental Protection Requirements Personal protective equipment: Wear protective gloves and goggles, and avoid contact of fluids with skin; Operational precautions: Do not point directly at the pipeline outlet during data collection to prevent high-pressure fluid from splashing; Waste disposal: Dispose of waste cotton cloth and gloves in accordance with hazardous waste regulations and do not discard them indiscriminately; Record keeping: Collect and record the equipment operating status daily, and establish a maintenance log.

[0055] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0056] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0057] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time acquisition device for oil and gas wells, characterized in that: include, The data acquisition component (100) includes a frame (101), a bracket (102) fixedly connected to the end of the frame (101), an inlet pipe (103) fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the bracket (102), an outlet pipe (104) fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the bracket (102), and a liquid pump (105) fixedly connected to the middle of the frame (101). One end of the inlet pipe (103) is connected to the inlet of the liquid pump (105) through a pipe, and the outlet of the liquid pump (105) is connected to the outlet pipe (104) through a pipe. The docking assembly (200) includes a connecting ring (201) fixedly connected to the other end of the liquid inlet pipe (103), a cover (202) fixedly connected to the end of the connecting ring (201), a retaining edge (203) inserted into the side wall of the cover (202), a sealing ring (204) snapped into the inner wall of the connecting ring (201), and a connector (205) fixedly connected to the end of the sealing ring (204). The end of the connector (205) is slidably inserted into the inside of the cover (202). The sealing ring (204) is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the liquid inlet pipe (103). The inner wall of the sealing ring (204) is provided with an arc-shaped edge that cooperates with the central through hole of the liquid inlet pipe (103).

2. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lead screw (206) is rotatably installed inside the cover (202), and a ball nut (207) is fitted on the side wall of the lead screw (206). The side wall of the ball nut (207) is connected to the end of the connector (205) by bolts.

3. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lead screw (206) is a double-ended lead screw, and a worm wheel (208) is fixedly connected to the center of the lead screw (206). A worm (209) is rotatably installed inside the cover (202), and the end of the worm (209) meshes with the side wall of the worm wheel (208).

4. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cover (202) is connected to a slide rail (210) by bolts. A slider (211) is fitted on the side wall of the slide rail (210). The end of the slider (211) is connected to the side wall of the connector (205) by bolts.

5. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sidewall of the sealing ring (204) is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the connecting ring (201), and the sidewall of the sealing ring (204) and the sidewall of the connecting ring (201) are provided with matching arc-shaped edges.

6. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the baffle (203) extends to the side wall of the cover (202). The side wall of the baffle (203) is provided with a clip head that cooperates with the side wall groove of the connecting ring (201). The side wall of the cover (202) is provided with a groove that cooperates with the end protrusion of the connecting ring (201).

7. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transfer tube (106) is sealed between the outlet of the liquid pump (105) and the outlet pipe (104). A buffer tube (107) is connected to the side wall of the transfer tube (106). The end of the buffer tube (107) is connected to the end of the transfer tube (106). Foam is pasted on the side wall of the transfer tube (106).

8. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The acquisition assembly (100) also includes a return pipe (108) sealed and installed on the side wall of the end of the outlet pipe (104), and a solenoid valve (109) encapsulated in the middle of the return pipe (108). The end of the return pipe (108) is sealed and connected to the side wall of the inlet pipe (103) by a flange.

9. The real-time oil and gas well acquisition device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side wall of the outlet pipe (104) is encapsulated with an auxiliary pipe (110), and a valve is sealed at the end of the auxiliary pipe (110).

10. A method for real-time acquisition of oil and gas well data according to claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Equipment and Tool Inspection Prepare the core equipment: real-time oil and gas well acquisition device, torque wrench, high-pressure air compressor, sampling bottle, soapy water test solution, and lubricating oil for the appropriate pump; Check equipment status: Confirm that the sealing ring has no cracks or deformation, the worm gear handwheel rotates smoothly without jamming, and the slide rail and slider cooperate smoothly; Piping system: Check that the inlet and outlet pipes are free of rust and damage, and that the return pipe and solenoid valve operate reliably; Liquid pump: Add lubricating oil to the oil level line in the instruction manual, manually rotate the coupling to ensure that there is no jamming or abnormal noise during operation; Step 2: Wellhead Site Pretreatment Environmental cleanup: Remove sand, gravel, and weeds around the wellhead and level the area where the vehicle frame is parked; Wellhead pipeline treatment: Use high-pressure air to blow away the ends of the wellhead pipeline and remove mud, sand and rust from the inner wall; Step 3: Device positioning and pre-docking Device movement: Release the brakes on the caster wheels of the frame, push to the target wellhead, align the center through hole of the connecting ring with the axis of the wellhead pipeline, and lock the caster wheels; Pre-fixing: Hold the cover and align the end slot with the annular protrusion of the connecting ring. Press along the axis until the protrusion is fully inserted into the slot. Confirm that the elastic retaining head of the side guard is embedded in the connecting ring slot. Gently pull the cover and there should be no looseness. Step 4: High-pressure seal adjustment Transmission drive: Hold the worm gear handwheel with both hands and rotate it clockwise. Through the transmission of worm gear-screw-ball nut, the connecting parts and the sealing ring move towards each other along the slide rail until the sealing ring fits against the outer wall of the wellhead pipeline. Sealing verification: Use a torque wrench to check the handwheel torque, apply soapy water to the sealing ring contact area, and it is considered qualified if no bubbles appear after standing. Step 5: Pipeline venting and leak re-inspection Exhaust operation: Slowly open the high-pressure ball valve on the auxiliary pipe, and close the valve after no air bubbles flow out of the outlet; Pressure retest: Start the liquid pump to the lowest speed, raise the pipeline pressure to the set parameter and maintain the pressure. After checking the docking components, flanges and adapters for leaks, turn off the liquid pump. Step Six: Set Acquisition Parameters Starting the liquid pump: Connect the power supply to the liquid pump, press the equipment start button, and gradually adjust the speed to the target flow rate; Pressure monitoring: Observe the pressure gauge on the adapter pipe to ensure that the pressure is within the set range; Step 7: Real-time data acquisition Parameter monitoring: Record instrument data at the end of the fluid delivery tubing every minute, and simultaneously record wellhead temperature and pressure; Sample collection: Open the auxiliary tube valve, collect the sample with a special sampling bottle, close the valve after sampling, and label the wellhead number, collection time, and ambient temperature; Step 8: Exception Handling Overpressure relief: When the pipeline pressure is too high, immediately and slowly open the auxiliary pipe valve to relieve the pressure and check for causes such as wellhead back pressure and pipeline blockage; Leakage handling: If leakage is found in the docking assembly, immediately shut off the liquid pump, reverse the worm gear handwheel to release pressure, check / replace the seal ring, and then repeat step four. Liquid pump malfunction: If the liquid pump makes abnormal noise, turn off the power, check the lubricating oil level and the condition of the inlet pipe blockage, and restart after troubleshooting; Step Nine: Fluid Reinjection and Pipeline Cleaning Reinjection operation: Turn off the power to the liquid pump, open the solenoid valve of the return pipe, and allow the residual fluid to flow back to the wellhead; Pipeline flushing: Close the solenoid valve, inject cleaning fluid into the auxiliary pipe, start the liquid pump to flush the pipeline for 2 seconds, and return the flushing fluid to the wellhead through the return pipe; Step 10: Device Reset and Storage Reset the docking components: Turn the worm gear handwheel counterclockwise to disengage the sealing ring from the wellhead pipeline, press the side clamp to remove the cover, and wipe the sealing ring and connecting ring with a cotton cloth to remove oil stains; Equipment transfer: Loosen the caster brakes and transfer the equipment to the next well or storage area; when not in use for a long time, apply anti-rust oil to the pump and lead screw, and store the sealing ring separately in a dry sealed bag; Step Eleven: Compliance with Safety and Environmental Protection Requirements Personal protective equipment: Wear protective gloves and goggles, and avoid contact of fluids with skin; Operational precautions: Do not point directly at the pipeline outlet during data collection to prevent high-pressure fluid from splashing; Waste disposal: Dispose of waste cotton cloth and gloves in accordance with hazardous waste regulations and do not discard them indiscriminately; Record keeping: Collect and record the equipment operating status daily, and establish a maintenance log.

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