Gear shifting module, single-pole and double-pole electrocoagulation cutter and gear shifting method

Abstract

The invention relates to a gear shifting module, a single-pole and double-pole electrocoagulation cutter and a gear shifting method. The gear shifting module comprises a power connector, a gear shifting module and a gear shifting module, wherein the power connector comprises a double-pole power connector and a single-pole power connector which are electrically connected through a wire; the upper conductive block is electrically connected with the main body of the single / double-pole electrocoagulation cutter; the lower conductive block is electrically connected with the wire; the gear shifting mechanism comprises a fixing piece, an elastic piece, a conductive piece, a transmission piece, a limiting piece and a pressing piece. One end of the elastic member abuts against the fixing member, and the other end abuts against the conductive member. The conductive piece is movably arranged between the upper conductive block and the lower conductive block; the conductive part and the transmission part are coaxially arranged and are in clearance fit; the transmission part and the limiting part are coaxially arranged and are in clearance fit; the pressing piece and the transmission piece are coaxially arranged and are in interference fit. Force is applied to the pressing piece, and the pressing piece transmits the force to the transmission piece; the transmission part axially slides in the limiting part, the conductive part axially slides and rotates in the transmission part, the upper conductive block and the lower conductive block are connected or disconnected through the conductive part, and a bipolar power supply or a unipolar power supply is connected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a shifting module, a monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter, and a shifting method used in surgical procedures. Background Technology

[0002] Monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutters are medical devices that utilize high-frequency current to cut tissue and coagulate blood. Their working principle is based on the thermal effect of high-frequency current. High-frequency current is conducted through electrodes, causing water evaporation and cell rupture in the tissue, thus achieving cutting; simultaneously, the current coagulates tissue proteins, achieving hemostasis. This technology is widely used in surgery, especially for delicate surgeries and minimally invasive procedures. Monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutters generate high-frequency current through a high-frequency generator. This current is transmitted to the surgical site through electrodes, generating local heat that denatures and coagulates tissue proteins, thereby achieving hemostasis and cutting. Based on the current conduction method, electrocoagulation cutters are mainly divided into monopolar and bipolar types. A monopolar electrocoagulation cutter consists of an active electrode (electrosurgical pen) and a distributed electrode (negative plate). Current is transmitted to the tissue through the active electrode and then returned to the generator through the negative plate. It offers fast cutting speed and good hemostasis, making it suitable for soft tissue cutting; however, the current may cause thermal damage to surrounding tissues, resulting in relatively lower safety. Bipolar electrocoagulation cutters have two electrodes located at the ends of the surgical instrument, with current flowing only between the two electrodes. This results in a short current path, reducing thermal damage to surrounding tissues and making them suitable for delicate surgeries (such as neurosurgery and ophthalmic surgery). However, the coagulation range is relatively small, making them unsuitable for cutting large areas of tissue.

[0003] Monopolar and bipolar electrocautery cutters, as essential surgical tools, play an irreplaceable role in surgical procedures due to their high efficiency and precision. From monopolar to bipolar, and then to intelligent technology, this technology has undergone numerous innovations, making breakthroughs in multiple fields and bringing more possibilities to the medical industry.

[0004] In today's medical field, the complexity and precision of surgery are increasing at an unprecedented rate. Faced with the intricate anatomical structures within the body and rapidly changing surgical needs, surgeons often need to switch between different electrocoagulation cutters at different stages of the procedure. Traditional monopolar electrocoagulation cutters, with their powerful cutting ability and deep tissue penetration, excel when it is necessary to quickly sever large blood vessels or tough tissues; while bipolar electrocoagulation cutters, with their precise point-like thermal effect and relatively limited tissue damage area, have become the first choice for delicate dissection, neurovascular protection, or small-scale hemostasis under endoscopy. However, this mode of frequently switching between monopolar and bipolar according to needs has gradually revealed its inherent drawbacks in the actual complex surgical procedures. Frequent switching between monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulators significantly slows down the surgical pace, disrupts the smoothness of the operation due to waiting and adaptation, and reduces efficiency; it also increases the risks of infection, puncture injury, and operational errors; and it leads to increased costs for instrument preparation, consumables, and labor. Furthermore, constantly switching between operating modes can distract doctors and affect the continuity and accuracy of the operation, which may affect the success or failure of the operation, especially in delicate surgeries.

[0005] Commercially available switchable monopolar and bipolar electrocautery cutters employ electronic shifting technology, but this introduces reliability concerns. Electronic components in the circuitry age over time, and their performance deteriorates more easily in the high-temperature, humid, and disinfectant-laden environment of an operating room. This can lead to unstable shifting, abnormal power output, or even complete malfunction due to component failure, posing a safety risk. Furthermore, electronic systems are particularly sensitive to moisture and static electricity; insufficient protection can result in short circuits, accidental triggering, or functional damage, affecting the continuity and safety of the surgery.

[0006] Furthermore, these devices are often equipped with two buttons for mode switching, which inconveniences doctors, reduces the ease and intuitiveness of operation, and increases the possibility of misoperation. This can easily disrupt the flow of the surgery and prolong the operation time. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses a shifting module, a monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter, and a shifting method.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: Firstly, a shift module is provided, comprising: Power connectors, including two-pole power connectors and single-pole power connectors that are electrically connected via a single wire; The upper conductive block is electrically connected to the main body of the monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter; The lower conductive block is electrically connected to the wire; A gear shifting mechanism includes a fixing component, an elastic component, a conductive component, a transmission component, a limiting component, and a pressing component; one end of the elastic component abuts against the fixing component, and the other end abuts against the conductive component; the conductive component is movably disposed between the upper conductive block and the lower conductive block; the conductive component and the transmission component are coaxially arranged and have a clearance fit; the transmission component and the limiting component are coaxially arranged and have a clearance fit; the pressing component and the transmission component are coaxially arranged and have an interference fit. The pressing member applies a force to the pressing member, which transmits the pressure to the transmission member; the transmission member slides axially within the limiting member, and the conductive member slides and rotates axially within the transmission member, connecting or disconnecting the upper conductive block and the lower conductive block through the conductive member, thereby connecting the bipolar power connector or the unipolar power connector.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member includes a first sleeve that is clearance-fitted with the pressing member and a second sleeve disposed on the side of the first sleeve away from the pressing member and coaxially disposed with the first sleeve; the outer diameter of the first sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the second sleeve; a limiting channel is formed along the axial direction of the second sleeve; a limiting groove is formed at the end of the second sleeve away from the pressing member.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission component includes a transmission cylinder and a stop block disposed on the outer wall of the transmission cylinder; one side of the transmission cylinder is provided with a toothed edge portion; the stop block is configured to slide within the limiting groove.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the conductive element includes a first shaft that contacts the elastic element, a second shaft disposed on the side of the first shaft away from the elastic element, and a rib disposed at the connection between the first shaft and the second shaft; the diameter of the first shaft is larger than the diameter of the second shaft; the rib is configured to contact the toothed edge and slide into or out of the limiting groove.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting groove includes an arc-shaped portion and a straight edge portion connected to the arc-shaped portion; a groove is formed between the arc-shaped portion and the straight edge portion.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tooth edge portion includes a plurality of continuous first tooth sides and second tooth sides; a groove is formed between adjacent first tooth sides and second tooth sides.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressing member includes a pressing cap and a third sleeve connected to the pressing cap; the third sleeve and the transmission cylinder are interference-fitted.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic element includes a first baffle, a compression spring, and a second baffle; the two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixed to the first baffle and the second baffle; the first baffle is fixed to the fixing member; and the second baffle is in contact with the conductive element.

[0016] Secondly, a monopolar or bipolar electrocoagulation cutter is provided, comprising: a shifting module as described above; wherein the limiting member of the shifting module is fixed by the handle of the monopolar or bipolar electrocoagulation cutter.

[0017] Thirdly, a gear shifting method is provided, utilizing the gear shifting module as described above, including the following steps: In the initial state, the rib of the conductive component is located in the limiting channel of the limiting component, the end of the rib is in contact with the tooth edge of the transmission component, and the stop of the transmission component is located in the limiting channel; when force is applied to the pressing component, the pressing component pushes the transmission component to move in the direction of the conductive component; the transmission component transmits the thrust to the rib, causing the rib to move axially in the limiting channel; and the elastic component is compressed. In the second state, the pressing component is continuously pressed, which pushes the transmission component to move in the direction of the conductive component, causing the rib to slide out of the limiting channel. At this time, the previously compressed elastic component generates a counter-force, which acts on the conductive component, causing the rib to slide along the toothed edge. When the rib slides to the bottom of the toothed edge, it stops. At this time, the conductive component rotates around its own axis by a preset angle, and is finally locked by the toothed edge. The pressing component continues to apply force until the elastic component is completely compressed. In the third state, when the force applied to the pressing component is removed, the elastic component generates a counter-thrust force due to its ability to recover its deformation. This counter-thrust force acts on the conductive component, causing the rib to slide along the limiting groove of the limiting component and causing the conductive block to rotate around its own axis. At the same time, the transmission component, no longer subjected to the thrust of the pressing component, moves towards the limiting component under the drive of the conductive block. When the rib slides to the limit position of the limiting groove, the limiting component and the elastic component together lock the conductive block in the final position, connecting the upper conductive block and the lower conductive block, thus realizing the switch from connecting a single-pole power connector to connecting a dual-pole power connector. In the fourth state, force is applied to the pressing part again. Under the double limiting effect of the limiting groove and the toothed edge, the rib plate is guided to move counterclockwise along the limiting groove. When the rib plate slides out of the limiting groove, the rib plate slides into the limit position of the toothed edge under the action of the elastic element, so that the conductive block rotates around its own axis by a preset angle. When the force applied to the pressing component is removed, the elastic component releases its stored elastic potential energy, generating a counter-pushing force. This counter-pushing force causes the rib to slide along the limiting groove, and the conductive block rotates accordingly. The transmission component is also pushed towards the limiting component, and the rib re-enters the limiting channel. When the spring fully recovers its deformation, the shifting module returns to its initial state. The upper and lower conductive blocks are disconnected, realizing the switch from connecting to a bipolar power connector to connecting to a unipolar power connector.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The shifting module described in this invention improves the continuity and precision of surgical procedures caused by the frequent switching between monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutters. Furthermore, it employs a mechanical shifting structure, avoiding reliability issues such as circuit aging, moisture resistance, and static electricity problems inherent in traditional electronic shifting systems for electrocoagulation cutters. One-button switching of shift positions makes operation more convenient and faster. Its compact one-button structure also significantly saves product space, making the instrument easier to use. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter in this invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter (part of the handle is not shown) in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the gear shift module.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic element in this invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a front view of the elastic element in this invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive component in this invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a front view of the conductive component in this invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in this invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is the front view of the transmission component in this invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the tooth edge portion of the transmission component in this invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component in this invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the limiting groove of the limiting component in this invention.

[0032] Figure 13 This is the front view of the limiting component in this invention.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing component in this invention.

[0034] Figure 15 This is the front view of the pressing component in this invention.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the shift module in this invention.

[0036] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 Partial sectional view of the conductive components, transmission components, and limiting components.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the shift module in this invention.

[0038] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the third state of the shift module in this invention.

[0039] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth state of the shift module in this invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the instruction manual: 10. Gear shifting mechanism; 11. Fixing component; 12. Elastic component; 121. First baffle; 122. Compression spring; 123. Second baffle; 13. Upper conductive block; 14. Lower conductive block; 15. Conductive component; 151. First shaft; 152. Rib; 153. Second shaft; 16. Transmission component; 161. Transmission cylinder; 162. Stop block; 163. Tooth edge; 1631. First tooth side; 1632. Second tooth side; 17. Limiting component; 171. First sleeve; 172. Second sleeve; 173. Limiting channel; 174. Limiting groove; 1741. Arc-shaped part; 1742. Straight edge part; 18. Pressing component; 181. Press cap; 182. Third sleeve; 20. Power connector; 21. Two-pole power connector; 22. One-pole power connector; 30. Main body; 100. Single and double polar electrocoagulation cutter. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as up, down, left, right, front, or back, are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustrative purposes and not for limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in all embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same elements.

[0043] In existing technologies, monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutters require frequent switching of operating modes during surgical procedures. Traditional devices using electronic shifting technology suffer from issues such as circuit aging and environmental sensitivity, leading to reduced reliability. While mechanical switching structures can avoid electronic component defects, they cannot achieve combined axial displacement and rotational motion, resulting in inaccurate mode switching or structural complexity. During surgery, surgeons need to quickly switch between monopolar cutting and bipolar coagulation functions, but existing devices, due to cumbersome operating procedures or structural instability, may lead to misoperation or functional failure.

[0044] To address these issues, researchers discovered that the environmental adaptability defects of electronic components cannot be completely eliminated through improved circuit design. However, mechanical structures that can achieve a combined motion of axial displacement and rotation can ensure reliability while simplifying operation. Analysis of the motion trajectory of traditional mechanical switching mechanisms revealed that single linear motion cannot meet the requirements for switching the contact state of the conductor, necessitating the design of a transmission system with rotational degrees of freedom. Further research into the cooperation between elastic elements and limiting structures revealed that the conductor can be driven to complete rotational positioning through the storage and release of spring energy, ultimately leading to a technical route that achieves mode switching using a purely mechanical structure.

[0045] In existing technologies, monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutters require frequent switching of operating modes during surgical procedures. Traditional devices using electronic shifting technology suffer from issues such as circuit aging and environmental sensitivity, leading to reduced reliability. While mechanical switching structures can avoid electronic component defects, they cannot achieve combined axial displacement and rotational motion, resulting in inaccurate mode switching or structural complexity. During surgery, surgeons need to quickly switch between monopolar cutting and bipolar coagulation functions, but existing devices, due to cumbersome operating procedures or structural instability, may lead to misoperation or functional failure.

[0046] To address these issues, researchers discovered that the environmental adaptability defects of electronic components cannot be completely eliminated through improved circuit design. However, mechanical structures that can achieve a combined motion of axial displacement and rotation can ensure reliability while simplifying operation. Analysis of the motion trajectory of traditional mechanical switching mechanisms revealed that single linear motion cannot meet the requirements for switching the contact state of the conductor, necessitating the design of a transmission system with rotational degrees of freedom. Further research into the cooperation between elastic elements and limiting structures revealed that the conductor can be driven to complete rotational positioning through the storage and release of spring energy, ultimately leading to a technical route that achieves mode switching using a purely mechanical structure.

[0047] Therefore, combining Figures 1 to 3 This application proposes a monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter 100, including a main body 30 and a shifting module. (Refer to...) Figure 3 As shown, the shift module includes: The power connector 20 includes a bipolar power connector 21 and a unipolar power connector 22 that are electrically connected by a single wire; The upper conductive block 13 is electrically connected to the main body 30 of the monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter 100; The lower conductive block 14 is electrically connected to the wire; The shifting mechanism 10 includes a fixing member 11, an elastic member 12, a conductive member 15, a transmission member 16, a limiting member 17, and a pressing member 18. One end of the elastic member 12 abuts against the fixing member 11, and the other end abuts against the conductive member 15. The conductive member 15 is movably disposed between the upper conductive block 13 and the lower conductive block 14. The conductive member 15 and the transmission member 16 are coaxially arranged and have a clearance fit. The transmission member 16 and the limiting member 17 are coaxially arranged and have a clearance fit. The pressing member 18 and the transmission member 16 are coaxially arranged and have an interference fit. A force is applied to the pressing member 18, which transmits the pressure to the transmission member 16. The transmission member 16 slides axially within the limiting member 17, and the conductive member 15 slides and rotates axially within the transmission member 16. The upper conductive block 13 and the lower conductive block 14 are connected or disconnected through the conductive member 15, thereby connecting the bipolar power connector 21 or the unipolar power connector 22.

[0048] As described above, the upper conductive block 13 and the lower conductive block 14 are each connected to a wire. The lower conductive block 14 is connected to the power connector 20, while the upper conductive block 13 is connected to the main body 30, thus providing a conductive path for the shift module. Figure 3 As shown, it is currently in the ON state, and the single / bipolar electrocoagulation cutter 100 is in the bipolar state.

[0049] Compared to existing technologies, traditional electronic gear shifting devices rely on circuit boards and sensors for mode switching. This solution achieves state transitions through a purely mechanical structure, eliminating the risk of electronic component aging and failure. Compared to dual-button mechanical switching devices, this solution uses a single press component combined with a composite motion mechanism, simplifying the mode switching operation to a single press action. Compared to mechanical structures that can only move linearly, this solution achieves precise positioning and stable contact of the conductor within a limited space through a design that links axial displacement and rotation.

[0050] Through the above technical solutions, this invention achieves reliable mode switching without electronic components, avoiding circuit failures caused by environmental factors. The operation process is simplified to a single pressing action, reducing the probability of intraoperative errors. The mechanical linkage structure reduces the number of parts and manufacturing costs while ensuring switching accuracy. The clearance fit design between conductive and transmission components effectively solves the jamming problem of traditional mechanical structures, ensuring smooth mode switching.

[0051] Among them, combined Figures 11 to 13 The limiting member 17 includes a first sleeve 171 that is clearance-fitted with the pressing member 18, and a second sleeve 172 located on the side of the first sleeve 171 away from the pressing member 18 and coaxially arranged with the first sleeve 171. The outer diameter of the first sleeve 171 is larger than the outer diameter of the second sleeve 172. A limiting channel 173 is formed along the axial direction of the second sleeve 172. A limiting groove 174 is formed at the end of the second sleeve 172 away from the pressing member 18. Specifically, the limiting groove 174 includes an arc-shaped portion 1741 and a straight edge portion 1742 connected to the arc-shaped portion 1741. A groove is formed between the arc-shaped portion 1741 and the straight edge portion 1742. In this embodiment, the first sleeve 171 is fixed in a groove reserved in the handle of the main body 30 and is interference-fitted with the groove. This fit ensures that the limiting member 17 can be firmly fixed in the handle, achieving complete positioning limitation.

[0052] It should be noted that the clearance fit between the first sleeve 171 and the pressing member 18 refers to the axial movement clearance maintained between them. Specifically, this can be achieved using an annular gap with a diameter difference of 0.1mm to 0.5mm, allowing axial movement of the pressing member 18 while preventing radial offset. The limiting channel 173 axially opened in the second sleeve 172 refers to a guide groove extending along the length of the second sleeve 172. Specifically, this can be achieved using a straight channel with a width of 1mm to 3mm, used to constrain the movement trajectory of the transmission member 16. In addition, the arc-shaped portion 1741 refers to a guide structure with continuous curvature, specifically implemented using a quarter-circle arc surface, used to guide the rib plate 152 of the conductive member 15 to rotate along a predetermined trajectory. This structure reduces movement resistance through curved surface contact while limiting the rotation angle range. The straight edge portion 1742 refers to a straight guide structure intersecting the arc-shaped portion 1741 at a point, specifically implemented using a perpendicularly intersecting planar structure, used to constrain the axial movement path of the conductive member 15 after rotation. This structure prevents excessive rotation through rigid contact surfaces, ensuring the alignment accuracy of the conductive component 15 with the conductive blocks (i.e., the upper conductive block 13 and the lower conductive block 14). The groove refers to the recessed area formed at the junction of the arc-shaped portion 1741 and the straight edge portion 1742, which can be implemented using a chamfered transition structure to provide tactile feedback for mechanical positioning. This structure creates a stop point through abrupt geometric changes, allowing the conductive component 15 to automatically lock into the target position after shifting gears.

[0053] Specifically, the first sleeve 171 forms a stepped limiting boundary through the difference in outer diameter, providing installation space for the internal transmission components, while ensuring the freedom of axial movement of the pressing member 18 through clearance fit. The limiting channel 173 of the second sleeve 172 forms a directional slide rail with the stop 162 of the transmission member 16, ensuring that the transmission member 16 moves only along a preset path during gear shifting. When the pressing member 18 applies force, the transmission member 16 slides within the limiting channel 173, pushing the conductive member 15 to axial displacement and compressing the elastic member 12. When the external force is removed, the elastic member 12 releases energy to drive the conductive member 15 to rotate. At this time, the arc-shaped portion 1741 and the straight edge portion 1742 of the limiting groove 174 guide the rib plate 152 to complete rotational positioning, and finally achieve mechanical locking through the groove structure formed between the arc-shaped portion 1741 and the straight edge portion 1742.

[0054] Combination Figures 8 to 10The transmission component 16 includes a transmission cylinder 161 and a stop block 162 disposed on the outer wall of the transmission cylinder 161. A toothed edge portion 163 is provided on one side of the transmission cylinder 161. The stop block 162 is configured to slide within a limiting groove 174. Specifically, the toothed edge portion 163 includes multiple consecutive first tooth sides 1631 and second tooth sides 1632. A groove is formed between adjacent first tooth sides 1631 and second tooth sides 1632. The first tooth sides 1631 and second tooth sides 1632 refer to guide slopes disposed on the outer wall of the transmission cylinder 161, whose inclination direction matches the movement trajectory of the rib plate 152, guiding the rib plate 152 to slide along a predetermined path. The groove refers to the recessed area formed by the intersection of adjacent first tooth sides 1631 and second tooth sides 1632, which can be implemented using a chamfered transition structure to provide tactile feedback for mechanical positioning. This structure forms a stop point through a geometric abrupt change, allowing the conductive component 15 to automatically lock in the target position during gear shifting. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the transmission cylinder 161 is provided with four stops 162, which slide within the limiting channel 173 of the second sleeve 172. Since the second sleeve 172 itself is completely limited by the handle, and the transmission cylinder 161 slides inside the limiting member 17, the presence of the stops 162 restricts the axial rotation of the transmission cylinder 161, ensuring that it can only slide axially within the limiting member 17.

[0055] Specifically, when the elastic element 12 releases its counterforce to rotate the conductive element 15, the rib 152 first contacts the inclined surface of the second tooth side 1632, and moves in a combined axial and circumferential direction under the guidance of the inclined surface. As the rib 152 slides into the groove, the stop point prevents the rib 152 from continuing to rotate. Each groove corresponds to a specific rotation angle, for example, the distance between adjacent grooves corresponds to a 90° rotation angle. When the rib 152 is fully embedded in the groove, the inclined surface of the first tooth side 1631 forms a surface contact with the side of the rib 152, and the position is locked through the dual action of friction and structural limiting. During the shifting process, the rib 152 slides through multiple grooves in sequence, each groove corresponding to an intermediate positioning point, forming a step-by-step positioning mechanism.

[0056] Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7The conductive element 15 includes a first shaft 151 that contacts the elastic element 12, a second shaft 153 located on the side of the first shaft 151 away from the elastic element 12, and a rib 152 located at the connection between the first shaft 151 and the second shaft 153. The diameter of the first shaft 151 is larger than the diameter of the second shaft 153. The rib 152 is configured to contact the toothed edge 163 and slide into or out of the limiting groove 174. In this embodiment, the conductive element 15 achieves precise cutting and connection of the wire through physical contact, thereby completing the conversion between single-polar and bipolar modes. To ensure excellent conductivity, the conductive element 15 is made of pure copper. Considering its relatively simple structure and small size, this makes its manufacturing cost relatively low. A groove is pre-set on the handle of the main body 30 for installing the conductive element 15. This groove partially limits the conductive element 15 but allows it to slide and rotate axially.

[0057] Furthermore, the rib 152 is designed with a bevel near the end of the transmission component 16, which helps it slide more smoothly into the groove formed by the tooth edge 163, thereby playing a role in precise positioning and guidance.

[0058] Combination Figure 14 and Figure 15 The pressing component 18 includes a pressing cap 181 and a third sleeve 182 connected to the pressing cap 181. The third sleeve 182 and the transmission cylinder 161 are interference-fitted. The pressing cap 181 adopts a curved shape design, which not only facilitates the pressing operation during the operation, but also improves the comfort of pressing, conforming to ergonomic principles.

[0059] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 The elastic element 12 includes a first baffle 121, a compression spring 122, and a second baffle 123. The two ends of the compression spring 122 are fixed to the first baffle 121 and the second baffle 123, respectively. The first baffle 121 is fixed to the fixing member 11. The second baffle 123 is in contact with the conductive member 15. The first baffle 121 and the second baffle 123 both axially limit the compression spring 122 to prevent it from shifting and effectively maintain the concentricity of the conductive member 15 and the compression spring 122, reducing the risk of transmission misalignment.

[0060] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Combination Figure 16 and Figure 17In the initial state, the rib 152 of the conductive member 15 is located within the limiting channel 173 of the limiting member 17, and the end of the rib 152 contacts the toothed edge 163 of the transmission member 16. The stop 162 of the transmission member 16 is located within the limiting channel 173. When force is applied to the pressing member 18, the pressing member 18 pushes the transmission member 16 towards the conductive member 15. The transmission member 16 transmits the thrust to the rib 152, causing the rib 152 to move axially within the limiting channel 173. Furthermore, the elastic member 12 is compressed.

[0061] like Figure 18 As shown, in the second state, a continuous force is applied to the pressing member 18, which pushes the transmission member 16 towards the conductive member 15, causing the rib 152 to slide out of the limiting channel 173. At this time, the previously compressed elastic member 12 generates a counter-force, acting on the conductive member 15, causing the rib 152 to slide along the toothed edge portion 163. The rib 152 stops sliding when it reaches the bottom of the toothed edge portion 163. At this time, the conductive member 15 rotates around its own axis by a preset angle, and its rotation is finally locked by the toothed edge portion 163. The pressing member 18 continues to apply force until the elastic member 12 is completely compressed.

[0062] like Figure 19 As shown, in the third state, when the force applied to the pressing member 18 is removed, the elastic member 12 generates a counter-thrust force due to its ability to recover its deformation. This counter-thrust force acts on the conductive member 15, causing the rib 152 to slide along the limiting groove 174 of the limiting member 17 and causing the conductive member 15 to rotate around its own axis. At the same time, the transmission member 16, no longer subjected to the thrust of the pressing member 18, moves towards the limiting member 17 under the drive of the conductive member 15. When the rib 152 slides to the limit position of the limiting groove 174, the limiting member 17 and the elastic member 12 together lock the conductive member 15 in its final position, connecting the upper conductive block 13 and the lower conductive block 14, realizing the switch from connecting to the single-pole power connector 22 to connecting to the dual-pole power connector 21.

[0063] like Figure 20 As shown, in the fourth state, force is applied to the pressing member 18 again. Under the double limiting effect of the limiting groove 174 and the toothed edge portion 163, the rib plate 152 is guided to move counterclockwise along the limiting groove 174. When the rib plate 152 slides out of the limiting groove 174, the rib plate 152 slides into the limit position of the toothed edge portion 163 under the action of the elastic member 12, causing the conductive member 15 to rotate around its own axis by a preset angle.

[0064] When the force applied to the pressing member 18 is removed, the elastic member 12 releases its stored elastic potential energy, generating a counter-force. This counter-force causes the rib plate 152 to slide along the limiting groove 174, the conductive member 15 rotates accordingly, and the transmission member 16 is pushed towards the limiting member 17, causing the rib plate 152 to re-enter the limiting channel 173. When the spring has fully recovered its deformation, the shift module returns to its initial state. The upper conductive block 13 and the lower conductive block 14 are disconnected, realizing the switch from connecting to the bipolar power connector 21 to connecting to the unipolar power connector 22.

[0065] In summary, compared with existing technologies, this invention has three significant advantages. First, it innovatively combines the monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter 100 and the mechanical switching mechanism 10 into one. In traditional surgical procedures, frequent switching of surgical instruments not only disrupts the smooth rhythm of the surgery and reduces efficiency, but may also increase the risk of surgical errors. This invention effectively avoids this problem, ensuring a smooth and continuous surgical process. Second, this invention abandons electronic switching and adopts mechanical switching. The circuit structure in electronic switching is prone to aging, short circuits, and other issues, leading to switching failure. The use of a mechanical switching structure significantly enhances product stability, provides reliable assurance for surgery, reduces production costs, and improves production efficiency. Third, this invention adopts a one-button switching mode, making operation convenient and intuitive. This design greatly improves the smoothness of the surgery, allowing medical staff to focus more on the surgical procedure and improve surgical quality.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A shift module, characterized in that, include: The power connector (20) includes a two-pole power connector (21) and a single-pole power connector (22) that are electrically connected by a single wire. The upper conductive block (13) is electrically connected to the body (30) of the monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation cutter (100); The lower conductive block (14) is electrically connected to the wire; The shifting mechanism (10) includes a fixing member (11), an elastic member (12), a conductive member (15), a transmission member (16), a limiting member (17), and a pressing member (18); one end of the elastic member (12) abuts against the fixing member (11), and the other end abuts against the conductive member (15); the conductive member (15) is movably disposed between the upper conductive block (13) and the lower conductive block (14); the conductive member (15) and the transmission member (16) are coaxially arranged and clearance-fitted; the transmission member (16) and the limiting member (17) are coaxially arranged and clearance-fitted; the pressing member (18) and the transmission member (16) are coaxially arranged and interference-fitted. In this process, a force is applied to the pressing member (18), and the pressing member (18) transmits the pressure to the transmission member (16); the transmission member (16) slides axially within the limiting member (17), and the conductive member (15) slides and rotates axially within the transmission member (16). The upper conductive block (13) and the lower conductive block (14) are connected or disconnected through the conductive member (15), thereby connecting the bipolar power connector (21) or the unipolar power connector (22).

2. The shifting module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting member (17) includes a first sleeve (171) that is clearance-fitted with the pressing member (18) and a second sleeve (172) disposed on the side of the first sleeve (171) away from the pressing member (18) and coaxially disposed with the first sleeve (171); the outer diameter of the first sleeve (171) is larger than the outer diameter of the second sleeve (172); a limiting channel (173) is formed along the axial direction of the second sleeve (172); a limiting groove (174) is formed at the end of the second sleeve (172) away from the pressing member (18).

3. The shifting module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission component (16) includes a transmission cylinder (161) and a stop (162) disposed on the outer wall of the transmission cylinder (161); a toothed edge portion (163) is provided on one side of the transmission cylinder (161); the stop (162) is configured to slide within the limiting groove (174).

4. The shifting module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conductive element (15) includes a first shaft (151) that contacts the elastic element (12), a second shaft (153) disposed on the side of the first shaft (151) away from the elastic element (12), and a rib (152) disposed at the connection between the first shaft (151) and the second shaft (153); the diameter of the first shaft (151) is larger than the diameter of the second shaft (153); the rib (152) is configured to contact the toothed edge (163) and slide into or out of the limiting groove (174).

5. The shifting module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting groove (174) includes an arc-shaped portion (1741) and a straight edge portion (1742) connected to the arc-shaped portion (1741); a groove is formed between the arc-shaped portion (1741) and the straight edge portion (1742).

6. The shifting module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tooth edge portion (163) includes a plurality of continuous first tooth sides (1631) and second tooth sides (1632); a groove is formed between adjacent first tooth sides (1631) and second tooth sides (1632).

7. The shifting module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressing component (18) includes a pressing cap (181) and a third sleeve (182) connected to the pressing cap (181); the third sleeve (182) and the transmission cylinder (161) are interference-fitted.

8. The shifting module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (12) includes a first baffle (121), a compression spring (122), and a second baffle (123); the two ends of the compression spring (122) are respectively fixed to the first baffle (121) and the second baffle (123); the first baffle (121) is fixed to the fixing element (11); the second baffle (123) is in contact with the conductive element (15).

9. A single- or bipolar electrocoagulation cutter, characterized in that, include: The shifting module as described in any one of claims 1-8; wherein the limiting member (17) of the shifting module is fixed by the handle of the monopolar / bipolar electrocautery cutter (100).

10. A gear shifting method, characterized in that, The shift module as described in any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: In the initial state, the rib (152) of the conductive member (15) is located in the limiting channel (173) of the limiting member (17), the end of the rib (152) is in contact with the tooth edge (163) of the transmission member (16), and the stop (162) of the transmission member (16) is located in the limiting channel (173); when force is applied to the pressing member (18), the pressing member (18) pushes the transmission member (16) to move in the direction of the conductive member (15); the transmission member (16) transmits the thrust to the rib (152), causing the rib (152) to move axially in the limiting channel (173); and the elastic member (12) is compressed; In the second state, the pressing member (18) is continuously pressed, and the pressing member (18) pushes the transmission member (16) to move in the direction of the conductive member (15), so that the rib (152) slides out of the limiting channel (173); at this time, the previously compressed elastic member (12) generates a counter-force, which acts on the conductive member (15), causing the rib (152) to slide along the toothed edge (163); when the rib (152) slides to the bottom of the toothed edge (163), it stops; at this time, the conductive member (15) rotates around its own axis by a preset angle, and is finally locked by the toothed edge (163) to rotate; the pressing member (18) continues to apply force until the elastic member (12) is completely compressed; In the third state, the force applied to the pressing member (18) is removed, and the elastic member (12) generates a counter-thrust force by virtue of its ability to recover its deformation. This counter-thrust force acts on the conductive member (15), causing the rib (152) to slide along the limiting groove (174) of the limiting member (17), and causing the conductive member (15) to rotate around its own axis. At the same time, the transmission member (16) moves towards the limiting member (17) under the drive of the conductive member (15) because it is no longer pushed by the pressing member (18). When the rib (152) slides to the limit position of the limiting groove (174), the limiting member (17) and the elastic member (12) together lock the conductive member (15) in the final position, connecting the upper conductive block (13) and the lower conductive block (14), realizing the switch from connecting to the single-pole power connector (22) to connecting to the double-pole power connector (21). In the fourth state, force is applied to the pressing member (18) again. Under the double limiting effect of the limiting groove (174) and the toothed edge (163), the rib plate (152) is guided to move counterclockwise along the limiting groove (174). When the rib plate (152) slides out of the limiting groove (174), the rib plate (152) slides into the limit position of the toothed edge (163) under the action of the elastic member (12), so that the conductive member (15) rotates around its own axis by a preset angle. When the force applied to the pressing part (18) is removed, the elastic part (12) releases the stored elastic potential energy and generates a counter-pushing force; this counter-pushing force causes the rib (152) to slide along the limiting groove (174), the conductive part (15) also rotates, and the transmission part (16) is also pushed to move towards the limiting part (17), and the rib (152) re-enters the limiting channel (173); when the spring fully recovers its deformation, the shift module (10) returns to the initial state; the upper conductive block (13) and the lower conductive block (14) are disconnected, realizing the switch from connecting the bipolar power connector (21) to connecting the unipolar power connector (22).

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