Special equipment structural member stress state recognition device and recognition method

Abstract

The invention discloses a special equipment structural member stress state recognition device which comprises a first base and a second base which are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode and both installed on the surface of a stress component. The first lengthened end is fixedly connected to the first base; the second lengthened end is fixedly connected to the second base; the hydraulic cavity is connected between the first lengthened end and the second lengthened end, the hydraulic cavity is of a corrugated structure, hydraulic oil is filled in the hydraulic cavity, and air is exhausted; the pressure detection probe is installed in the first lengthened end, the detection end of the pressure detection probe extends into the hydraulic cavity, and the pressure value in the hydraulic cavity is monitored and detected in real time; the temperature probe is mounted in the first lengthened end, and the detection end of the temperature probe is buried in the first lengthened end; according to the surface strain gauge, the stress state is monitored by amplifying the strain of the stress surface of the special equipment, and the error caused by measuring the surface strain by a vibrating wire type surface strain gauge is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stress state identification of structural components in special equipment. More specifically, this invention relates to a device and method for identifying the stress state of structural components in special equipment. Background Technology

[0002] When designing special equipment, extreme stress states under a complete support system are calculated. However, in actual operation, it is difficult to achieve the theoretical level for the gaps, loads, and supports of steel structural components.

[0003] For the stress state of steel structures in special equipment support systems, the common method for monitoring the stress state is to deploy vibrating wire surface strain gauges on the surface of the steel structure. This sensor transmits the strain at one end to the concentrated part and measures the data changes of the strain gauge at that part. This sensor is suitable for situations with large strain, but the measurement accuracy has certain problems for smaller strains.

[0004] Support status is a key element in calculating the overturning resistance coefficient of special equipment. Its accuracy directly affects whether the function can provide accurate early warnings. It is necessary to develop a stress state identification device and method for special equipment structural components to determine the safety status of the overturning resistance coefficient of special equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a stress state identification device for special equipment structural components is provided, comprising:

[0006] The first base and the second base are arranged at a relative interval, and both the first base and the second base are installed on the surface of the load-bearing component;

[0007] The first extended end is fixedly connected to the first base;

[0008] The second extended end is fixedly connected to the second base;

[0009] A hydraulic chamber, connected between the first extended end and the second extended end, is a corrugated structure, filled with hydraulic oil and excluding air, used to transfer the surface strain of the stressed component to the pressure detection probe.

[0010] A pressure detection probe is installed inside the first extended end, and the detection end of the pressure detection probe extends into the hydraulic cavity to monitor and detect the pressure value in the hydraulic cavity in real time.

[0011] A temperature probe is installed inside the first extended end, and its sensing end is embedded inside the first extended end;

[0012] The temperature compensation system compensates for the pressure value by adjusting the temperature.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure detection probe is equipped with a capillary tube and a piezoelectric sensor inside, and the diameter of the capillary tube is proportional to the diameter of the hydraulic chamber to amplify the surface strain of the stressed component.

[0014] Preferably, the first base is provided with a circumferential raised slope angle, and the first extended end is provided with a matching circumferential groove slope angle.

[0015] Preferably, the hydraulic chamber is crimped to the first extended end, and the contact surface is provided with heat-insulating material; the hydraulic chamber is threaded to the second extended end, and the length can be adjusted as needed.

[0016] Preferably, when the structural component is subjected to tension or compression, the pressure detection probe detects that the surface of the structural component undergoes tensile or compressive deformation, causing relative displacement between the first and second bases, thereby deforming the hydraulic chamber. The change in the hydraulic oil level within the capillary of the pressure detection probe is as follows:

[0017] Preferably, the pressure detection probe employs a piezoelectric detection element, wherein the diaphragms at both ends of the piezoelectric material exhibit spring-like characteristics, and the forces acting on it in each state are as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Where K is the stiffness coefficient of the diaphragm, a is the ratio of the force and charge on the piezoelectric material, and Δh is the change in the height of the hydraulic oil level in the capillary.

[0020] Preferably, temperature compensation for the pressure value includes:

[0021] A. Temperature compensation of the stress state identification device itself: Install the stress state identification device on the test bench and place it in an adjustable temperature environment. Measure the pressure value at each temperature, generate a temperature-pressure value compensation curve, and then use the compensation curve to compensate and correct the actual pressure value.

[0022] B. Temperature compensation for special equipment structural components: In non-operational states, manually trigger the temperature compensation calibration test, according to... The temperature compensation coefficient is calculated, where n is the number of measurements (not less than 3), T is the current temperature, and F is the temperature coefficient. i For temperature T i The pressure value at that time is then used to compensate and correct the actual pressure value based on the temperature compensation coefficient.

[0023] Preferably, the stress state identification process for special equipment structural components is as follows:

[0024] 1) For special equipment structural components with a clearly defined separation state,

[0025] Record the current value F output by the force state identification device under compression and tension conditions of the special equipment structural components. 实时 and F max and F min ;

[0026] if Then it is determined that the structural component of the special equipment is under tension;

[0027] if Then it is determined that the structural components of the special equipment are under pressure;

[0028] 2) For special equipment structural components without a clearly defined force component:

[0029] Record the current value F of the special equipment structural component under no-load and loaded conditions respectively. 实时 Fmax and Fmin;

[0030] if Then it is determined that the special equipment structural components are in an unloaded state;

[0031] if Then it is determined that the special equipment structural component is under load;

[0032] On the other hand, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for identifying the stress state of special equipment structural components, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1. Install the first base and the second base onto the surface of the load-bearing component;

[0034] S2. During the period when special equipment structural components are not in operation, the pressure detection data is subjected to temperature compensation and vibration filtering to obtain accurate stress state data;

[0035] S3. Start the operation of special equipment structural components. When they are subjected to stress and deformation, the hydraulic chamber transmits the deformation of the stress state identification device to the pressure detection probe to detect the pressure change caused by the change of hydraulic oil level.

[0036] S4. Determine the tension or compression state of the component based on the stress state data.

[0037] This invention offers at least the following advantages: It converts minute deformations of structural components into measurable pressure changes through a corrugated hydraulic chamber, solving the problem of traditional strain gauges' insensitivity to small strains. The specific ratio design of the capillary tube and hydraulic chamber mechanically amplifies the strain signal, significantly improving detection sensitivity. A dual temperature compensation mechanism effectively eliminates the impact of ambient temperature changes on measurement accuracy. The device employs a self-centering slope structure to ensure installation accuracy, and the differentiated connection design balances stability and adjustability. A piezoelectric sensor combined with an elastic diaphragm design achieves high-precision mechanical quantity conversion. The systematic identification method and classification criteria adapt to the stress characteristics of different types of structural components, providing a reliable technical means for the safety monitoring of special equipment.

[0038] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stress state identification device for special equipment structural components in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0041] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0042] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0043] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a stress state identification device for special equipment structural components, comprising:

[0045] The first base 1 and the second base 2 are arranged at a relative interval, and both the first base 1 and the second base 2 are installed on the surface of the load-bearing component;

[0046] The first extended end 3 is fixedly connected to the first base 1;

[0047] The second extended end 4 is fixedly connected to the second base 2;

[0048] Hydraulic chamber 5, which is connected between the first extended end 3 and the second extended end 4, has a corrugated structure, is filled with hydraulic oil and expels air, and is used to transfer the surface strain of the stressed component to the pressure detection probe.

[0049] A pressure detection probe 6 is installed inside the first extended end 3, and the detection end of the pressure detection probe 6 extends into the hydraulic cavity to monitor and detect the pressure value in the hydraulic cavity in real time.

[0050] Temperature probe 7 is installed inside the first extended end, and its detection end is buried inside the first extended end;

[0051] The temperature compensation system compensates for the pressure value by adjusting the temperature.

[0052] When the device is in operation, when the stressed components undergo tensile or compressive deformation, it causes relative displacement between the first base 1 and the second base 2. This displacement is transmitted to the hydraulic chamber 5, causing axial expansion and contraction deformation of its corrugated structure, thereby changing the pressure of the internal hydraulic oil. The detection end of the pressure detection probe 6 extends into the hydraulic chamber 5 to monitor the changes in hydraulic oil pressure in real time. The temperature probe 7 is embedded inside the first extended end 3 to monitor the device temperature. The temperature compensation system 8 compensates and corrects the pressure measurement value based on the data from the temperature probe 7.

[0053] This device converts minute deformations into measurable pressure changes through hydraulic amplification, solving the problem of traditional strain gauges' insensitivity to small strain detection. The addition of a temperature compensation system effectively eliminates the impact of ambient temperature changes on measurement accuracy, making the test results more accurate and reliable.

[0054] In another technical solution, the pressure detection probe is equipped with a capillary tube and a piezoelectric sensor. The diameter of the capillary tube is proportional to the diameter of the hydraulic chamber, which is used to amplify the surface strain of the stressed component.

[0055] The above technical solution achieves mechanical amplification of the strain signal, enabling high-sensitivity detection without the need for electronic amplification circuits. Mechanical amplification is unaffected by electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for use in harsh industrial environments. The application of piezoelectric sensors further improves the linearity and stability of signal conversion, ensuring accurate measurement.

[0056] In another technical solution, the first base is provided with a circumferential raised slope angle, and the first extended end is provided with a matching circumferential groove slope angle.

[0057] The bevel-angle fit design in the above technical solution ensures that the two components automatically align with the center position during installation, preventing measurement errors caused by installation deviations. The bevel structure also has a certain self-locking function, resisting vibration and impact during use and maintaining connection stability. The interior of the groove is a solid structure with a cable channel in the middle, ensuring structural strength without affecting the internal wiring layout. This connection method solves the problem of concentricity that is difficult to guarantee with traditional installation methods, improving installation accuracy and repeatability. The bevel-angle fit structure is simple and reliable, achieving precise installation without additional positioning tools, greatly reducing the technical difficulty of on-site installation and human error.

[0058] In another technical solution, the hydraulic cavity is crimped to the first extended end, and the contact surface is provided with heat insulation material; the hydraulic cavity is threaded to the second extended end, and the length can be adjusted as needed.

[0059] In the above-described technical solution, the hydraulic chamber 5 is connected to the first extended end 3 by a crimping method, with heat insulation material 521 provided at the contact surface 52. This connection method is pre-assembled in the factory, ensuring a firm and reliable connection. The heat insulation material 521 is made of ceramic fiber or high-temperature resistant rubber, effectively blocking temperature conduction. The hydraulic chamber 5 is connected to the second extended end 4 by a threaded connection 42, and its extension length can be adjusted by rotating the second extended end 4. A fine thread is selected for easy fine-tuning and a self-locking function. During on-site installation, the appropriate length of the second extended end 4 can be selected according to the actual measured distance, and precise adjustments can be made through the threaded connection. This differentiated connection design ensures both the stability of the connection with the first extended end 3 and the adjustability of the connection with the second extended end 4. The application of heat insulation material reduces the impact of temperature gradients on the hydraulic system, while the threaded connection meets the requirements of different installation distances, enabling the device to adapt to various on-site conditions.

[0060] In another technical solution, the pressure detection probe detects that when the structural component is under tension or compression, the surface of the structural component undergoes tensile or compressive deformation, causing relative displacement between the first and second bases, thereby deforming the hydraulic chamber. The change in the hydraulic oil level within the capillary of the pressure detection probe is as follows:

[0061] In the above technical solution, when the special equipment structural component is subjected to tensile force, its surface undergoes tensile deformation, causing the first base 1 and the second base 2 to move away from each other. This displacement is transmitted to the hydraulic chamber 5, causing its corrugated structure to elongate axially, increasing its internal volume and reducing the hydraulic oil pressure.

[0062] As a result, the liquid level in the capillary 61 of the pressure detection probe 6 drops, causing displacement of the diaphragm of the piezoelectric sensor 62. When the structural component is subjected to pressure, the process is reversed: the hydraulic chamber 5 is compressed, the hydraulic oil pressure increases, and the liquid level in the capillary 61 rises. This deformation-pressure-electrical signal conversion process is continuous and real-time, accurately reflecting the stress state of the structural component.

[0063] This working principle clarifies the physical relationship between the stress state and changes in the hydraulic system, establishing a complete deformation transmission chain. Through the hydraulic amplification effect, micron-level surface deformation is converted into significant pressure changes, making micro-strain detection possible. The entire process requires no external power supply, relying solely on a purely mechanical structure for signal conversion, resulting in high reliability.

[0064] In another technical solution, the pressure detection probe uses a piezoelectric detection element, where the diaphragms at both ends of the piezoelectric material have spring-like characteristics, and the forces acting on it in each state are as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Where K is the stiffness coefficient of the diaphragm, a is the ratio of the force and charge on the piezoelectric material, and Δh is the change in the height of the hydraulic oil level in the capillary.

[0067] In another technical solution, temperature compensation for the pressure value includes:

[0068] A. Temperature compensation of the stress state identification device itself: Install the stress state identification device on the test bench and place it in an adjustable temperature environment. Measure the pressure value at each temperature, generate a temperature-pressure value compensation curve, and then use the compensation curve to compensate and correct the actual pressure value.

[0069] B. Temperature compensation for special equipment structural components: In non-operational states, manually trigger the temperature compensation calibration test, according to... The temperature compensation coefficient is calculated, where n is the number of measurements (not less than 3), T is the current temperature, and F is the temperature coefficient. i For temperature T i The pressure value at that time is then used to compensate and correct the actual pressure value based on the temperature compensation coefficient.

[0070] Temperature compensation is divided into two parts: device-specific compensation and component compensation. Device compensation involves testing output values ​​at different temperatures in a temperature-controlled test chamber to establish a temperature-output relationship curve, which is then stored in the processor for real-time compensation. Component compensation is performed after installation. The device automatically records the output value change when the temperature changes by 1 degree Celsius, and the average value of multiple measurements is used as the compensation coefficient. The compensation calculation comprehensively considers the influence of the device's own temperature and the thermal expansion of the components to ensure that the final output value accurately reflects the stress state.

[0071] This compensation method addresses the dual temperature influence sources in practical applications by establishing separate compensation models, effectively eliminating measurement errors caused by temperature variations. The automatic calibration function simplifies the on-site commissioning process, enabling the device to adapt to various environmental temperature conditions and ensuring long-term monitoring accuracy.

[0072] In another technical solution, the process for identifying the stress state of special equipment structural components is as follows:

[0073] 1) For special equipment structural components with a clearly defined separation state,

[0074] Record the current value F output by the force state identification device under compression and tension conditions of the special equipment structural components. 实时 and F max and F min ;

[0075] if Then it is determined that the structural component of the special equipment is under tension;

[0076] if Then it is determined that the structural components of the special equipment are under pressure;

[0077] 2) For special equipment structural components without a clearly defined force component:

[0078] Record the current value F of the special equipment structural component under no-load and loaded conditions respectively. 实时 Fmax and Fmin;

[0079] if Then it is determined that the special equipment structural components are in an unloaded state;

[0080] if Then it is determined that the special equipment structural component is under load;

[0081] Another technical solution also provides a method for identifying the stress state of special equipment structural components, including the following steps:

[0082] S1. Install the first base and the second base onto the surface of the load-bearing component;

[0083] S2. During the period when special equipment structural components are not in operation, the pressure detection data is subjected to temperature compensation and vibration filtering to obtain accurate stress state data;

[0084] S3. Start the operation of special equipment structural components. When they are subjected to stress and deformation, the hydraulic chamber transmits the deformation of the stress state identification device to the pressure detection probe to detect the pressure change caused by the change of hydraulic oil level.

[0085] S4. Determine the tension or compression state of the component based on the stress state data.

[0086] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A stress state identification device for structural components of special equipment, characterized in that, include: The first base and the second base are arranged at a relative interval, and both the first base and the second base are installed on the surface of the load-bearing component; The first extended end is fixedly connected to the first base; The second extended end is fixedly connected to the second base; A hydraulic chamber, connected between the first extended end and the second extended end, is a corrugated structure, filled with hydraulic oil and excluding air, used to transfer the surface strain of the stressed component to the pressure detection probe. A pressure detection probe is installed inside the first extended end, and the detection end of the pressure detection probe extends into the hydraulic cavity to monitor and detect the pressure value in the hydraulic cavity in real time. A temperature probe is installed inside the first extended end, and its sensing end is embedded inside the first extended end; The temperature compensation system compensates for the pressure value by adjusting the temperature.

2. The stress state identification device for special equipment structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure detection probe is equipped with a capillary tube and a piezoelectric sensor. The diameter of the capillary tube is proportional to the diameter of the hydraulic chamber, which is used to amplify the surface strain of the stressed component.

3. The stress state identification device for special equipment structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first base has a circumferential raised slope angle, and the first extended end has a matching circumferential groove slope angle.

4. The stress state identification device for special equipment structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic chamber is crimped to the first extended end, and the contact surface is provided with heat insulation material; the hydraulic chamber is threaded to the second extended end, and the length can be adjusted as needed.

5. The stress state identification device for special equipment structural components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure detection probe detects that when the structural component is under tension or compression, its surface undergoes tensile or compressive deformation, causing relative displacement between the first and second bases. This deformation results in deformation of the hydraulic chamber, and the change in the hydraulic oil level within the capillary tube of the pressure detection probe is as follows:

6. The stress state identification device for special equipment structural components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure detection probe uses a piezoelectric detection element, where the diaphragms at both ends of the piezoelectric material exhibit spring-like characteristics, and the forces acting on it in each state are as follows: Where K is the stiffness coefficient of the diaphragm, a is the ratio of the force and charge on the piezoelectric material, and Δh is the change in the height of the hydraulic oil level in the capillary.

7. The stress state identification device for special equipment structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature compensation for pressure values ​​includes: A. Temperature compensation of the stress state identification device itself: Install the stress state identification device on the test bench and place it in an adjustable temperature environment. Measure the pressure value at each temperature, generate a temperature-pressure value compensation curve, and then use the compensation curve to compensate and correct the actual pressure value. B. Temperature compensation for special equipment structural components: In non-operational states, manually trigger the temperature compensation calibration test, according to... The temperature compensation coefficient is calculated, where n is the number of measurements (not less than 3), T is the current temperature, and F is the temperature coefficient. i For temperature T i The pressure value at that time is then used to compensate and correct the actual pressure value based on the temperature compensation coefficient.

8. The stress state identification device for special equipment structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process for identifying the stress state of structural components in special equipment is as follows: 1) For special equipment structural components with a clearly defined separation state, Record the current value F output by the force state identification device under compression and tension conditions of the special equipment structural components. 实时 and F max and F min ; if Then it is determined that the structural component of the special equipment is under tension; if Then it is determined that the structural components of the special equipment are under pressure; 2) For special equipment structural components without a clearly defined force component: Record the current value F of the special equipment structural component under no-load and loaded conditions respectively. 实时 Fmax and Fmin; if Then it is determined that the special equipment structural components are in an unloaded state; if Then it is determined that the special equipment structural component is under load.

9. A method for identifying the stress state of structural components of special equipment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the first base and the second base onto the surface of the load-bearing component; S2. During the period when special equipment structural components are not in operation, the pressure detection data is subjected to temperature compensation and vibration filtering to obtain accurate stress state data; S3. Start the operation of special equipment structural components. When they are subjected to stress and deformation, the hydraulic chamber transmits the deformation of the stress state identification device to the pressure detection probe to detect the pressure change caused by the change in hydraulic oil level. S4. Determine the tension or compression state of the component based on the stress state data.

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