Multi-scene geotechnical engineering physical model test device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a multi-scene geotechnical engineering physical model test device which comprises a rainfall and recharge water supply module, a vibration control module and a stress applying and spraying module. The rainfall and recharge water supply module comprises a water inlet pipe, first heating equipment and a first constant water pressure control device, and the first heating equipment and the first constant water pressure control device are both communicated with the water inlet pipe; through the designed mechanism, multiple pieces of single equipment can be integrated on one piece of equipment to complete an experiment, so that the problems of single function and limited application range of traditional equipment are effectively solved, and meanwhile, the problems of dispersed design targets, insufficient function integration degree and limitation of a monitoring and control system of the traditional equipment are also solved; and system simulation and accurate research on a complex geological disaster process are seriously restricted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, specifically a multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device. Background Technology

[0002] In geotechnical engineering (such as foundation pit excavation, tunnel construction, slope protection, and foundation treatment), due to the complex characteristics of soil and rock masses (soil and rock) being "heterogeneous, nonlinear, and anisotropic," theoretical calculations or numerical simulations alone cannot fully reproduce the mechanical behavior in actual engineering projects. Geotechnical engineering physical model tests, as a core means of connecting theory and field engineering, use "scaled-down modeling + loading tests" to intuitively reproduce the interaction process between soil and rock masses and engineering structures, providing crucial evidence for engineering design and risk prediction.

[0003] In existing technologies, most physical model testing devices used for studying geological hazards such as ground subsidence, landslides, and seawater intrusion are designed for single hazard factors. For example, groundwater extraction simulation devices are mainly used to study ground compression and subsidence caused by pumping, shaking table test systems are used to study the dynamic response of soil under seismic loading, and rainfall simulation devices are used to study slope stability. While these devices have certain application value in specific fields, they generally suffer from problems such as single function and limited applicability. This leads to scattered design objectives, insufficient functional integration, and limitations in monitoring and control systems, thus severely restricting the systematic simulation and accurate study of complex geological hazard processes.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device, comprising a rainfall and recharge water supply module, a vibration control module, and a stress application and spraying module; the rainfall and recharge water supply module includes an inlet pipe, a first heating device, and a first constant water pressure control device, both of which are connected to the inlet pipe; the inlet pipe is equipped with a main pipeline valve, a first heating device valve, a first non-heated water valve, a model box water supply valve, and a recharge water valve; the surface of the inlet pipe... The surface is fixedly equipped with a spray water outlet that communicates with the interior. A spray device valve is installed on the spray water outlet, and a return water outlet is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe. The stress application and spray module includes several brackets, and several hydraulic devices are fixedly installed inside the brackets. A stress application device is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic device, and a spray water pipe is provided on the hydraulic device. The spray water pipe is connected to the spray nozzle in the stress application device, and the spray water outlet is connected to the spray nozzle. The vibration control module includes a vibration table and a vibration control machine placed on the ground.

[0007] Furthermore, peristaltic pump shelves are provided on both sides of the bracket, and several magnetic stress application plates are provided at the bottom of the stress application device.

[0008] Furthermore, the support is provided with a vertical slide rail for the force application device to slide through, and the stress application device passes through the slide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, a model test chamber is provided on one side of the vibration, and the model test chamber includes two bases symmetrically arranged with the vibration table, and hydraulic jacks are fixedly installed on the bases; The vibration table is equipped with a front baffle and a flip baffle that make up the model test chamber. Support blocks connected to hydraulic jacks are fixedly installed on both sides of the model test chamber. A left water storage layer and a right water storage layer are respectively set on both sides of the model test chamber, thus forming two water tanks. A top baffle is rotatably connected to both the left water storage layer and the right water storage layer.

[0010] Furthermore, a groundwater, geothermal water, and seawater intrusion water supply module is provided on one side of the vibration table. The groundwater, geothermal water, and seawater intrusion water supply module includes a water supply pipe, a second heating device, and a second constant water pressure control device. The water supply pipe is connected to the second heating device and the second constant water pressure control device, and is equipped with a main water supply valve, a second heating device valve, a second non-heated water valve, a water supply valve on the right side of the model box, and a water supply valve on the left side of the model box. One end of the water supply pipe is provided with two model box water supply ports connected to the model test box.

[0011] Furthermore, a monitoring instrument control console is provided on one side of the vibration table.

[0012] Furthermore, the bracket is provided with disassembly mechanisms on both sides. The disassembly mechanisms include two connecting plates fixedly installed on both sides of the bracket. An electric push rod is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate. A rectangular plate is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric push rod. Several connecting rods are fixedly installed on one side of the rectangular plate. A circular hole penetrating through itself is opened on one side of several magnetic stress application plates.

[0013] Furthermore, a multi-stage telescopic tube is fixedly installed between the side of the electric push rod near the output end and the rectangular plate. The multi-stage telescopic tube is composed of several hollow circular tubes that are slidably connected.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting rod is provided with an abutting mechanism, which includes several storage slots. A first electromagnet is installed in each storage slot, and a second electromagnet is slidably connected to the inside of the storage slot via a connecting rope. An abutting plate is fixedly installed on one side of the second electromagnet, and an anti-slip pad is fixedly installed on one end of the abutting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a pre-cleaning mechanism is provided inside the multi-stage telescopic tube. The pre-cleaning mechanism includes an air outlet pipe that communicates with the inside of the multi-stage telescopic tube. Several fixed pipes that communicate with the air outlet pipe are fixedly installed on one side of the stress application device. The air outlet end of the fixed pipe faces the slide rail. Several hollow tubes inside the multi-stage telescopic tube are sealed and slidably connected, and connection holes for mutual communication are opened between the several hollow tubes.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device of this invention simulates geothermal water extraction by setting a peristaltic pump extraction flow rate during the test and monitoring the changes in relevant indicators during the geothermal water extraction process, thereby completing a physical model test of geological environmental problems caused by geothermal water extraction. Simulating groundwater extraction by setting a peristaltic pump extraction flow rate during the test and monitoring the changes in relevant indicators during the groundwater extraction process, thereby completing a physical model test of ground subsidence caused by groundwater extraction. Simulating earthquakes of different magnitudes by setting a shaking table frequency during the test and monitoring the changes in relevant indicators during the earthquake, thereby completing a physical model test of earthquake-induced ground subsidence. By opening a peristaltic pump to extract water from the left aquifer and removing the water-impermeable baffle of the right aquifer, allowing saline water to seep through the strata to the left aquifer, and monitoring the changes in relevant indicators during the seawater intrusion process, thereby completing a physical model test of seawater intrusion. By filling a model test chamber with similar soil and rock materials, setting the slope of the similar materials according to experimental needs, and placing monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, earth pressure gauges, and displacement gauges inside, and simultaneously removing the magnetic stress application plate, using sprinkler heads to simulate rainfall, and monitoring changes in relevant slope indicators during rainfall, a rainfall-induced landslide model test is completed. By filling the model test chamber with similar soil and rock materials and placing monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, earth pressure gauges, and displacement gauges inside, and controlling several independent stress application devices to pressurize the similar materials according to the experimental design, urban construction loads under different working conditions and in different locations can be simulated, and changes in relevant indicators during load application can be monitored, thus completing a physical model test of land settlement caused by urban construction.

[0017] Furthermore, multiple functions can be superimposed for testing according to experimental needs. For example, the physical model test of ground subsidence caused by groundwater extraction can be combined with the physical model test of ground subsidence caused by urban construction to carry out the ground subsidence model test under the combined action of groundwater extraction and urban construction; the physical model test of ground subsidence caused by earthquake can be combined with the landslide model test induced by rainfall to carry out the landslide model test under the combined action of earthquake and rainfall, etc.

[0018] The designed mechanism allows multiple individual devices to be integrated into one device to complete experiments, effectively solving the problems of limited functionality and scope of application of traditional equipment. It also addresses the issue that traditional equipment, due to its dispersed design objectives, insufficient functional integration, and limitations in monitoring and control systems, severely restricts the systematic simulation and accurate research of complex geological disaster processes.

[0019] 2. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device of the present invention involves several connecting rods carrying components of the abutment mechanism into the circular holes of the magnetic stress application plate. This causes the second electromagnet, along with the connecting rope, abutment plate, and anti-slip pad, to slide away from the receiving groove, thereby abutting against the inner wall of the circular hole of the magnetic stress application plate. By moving several magnetic stress application plates along the connecting rods, the magnetic stress application plates are positioned away from the spray nozzles. When a spray experiment is required, there is no need for manual opening of each magnetic stress application plate, thus achieving efficient and rapid opening of several magnetic stress application plates. When a stress application experiment is required, the magnetic stress application plates are transported and reset, and the abutment plate and anti-slip pad are reset back into the receiving groove, thereby fixing the magnetic stress application plates on the stress application device for stress application experiment.

[0020] 3. In the multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device described in this invention, when the electric push rod moves with the rectangular plate, it also moves with the multi-stage telescopic tubes, thereby protecting the output end of the electric push rod. When the multi-stage telescopic tubes move in conjunction with the rectangular plate, they draw in external gas. When the multi-stage telescopic tubes slide and retract in conjunction with the rectangular plate, they compress the gas inside the multi-stage telescopic tubes and blow it towards the slide rail through the air outlet pipe and the fixed pipe, thereby achieving pre-cleaning of the slide rail and facilitating the sliding of the subsequent stress application device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibration control machine in this invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the vibration control machine in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first heating device in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second heating device in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front baffle in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flip-up baffle in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stress application device in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray nozzle in this invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the support structure in this invention; Figure 10 In this invention Figure 7A schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 11 In this invention Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the connecting rod in this invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the magnetic stress application plate in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Rainfall and recharge water supply module; 11. Inlet pipe; 12. Main pipeline valve; 13. First heating device valve; 14. First heating equipment; 15. First constant water pressure control device; 16. Model box water supply valve; 17. Sprinkler device valve; 18. Recharge water outlet; 19. Sprinkler water outlet; 20. Recharge water valve; 21. First non-heated water valve; 2. Monitoring instrument control console; 3. Vibration control module; 31. Vibration table; 32. Vibration control machine; 4. Stress application and spraying module; 41. Support frame; 42. Slide rail; 43. Stress application device; 44. Hydraulic device; 45. Peristaltic pump shelf; 46. Spray water pipe; 47. Spray nozzle; 48. Magnetic stress application plate; 5. Groundwater, geothermal water, and seawater intrusion water supply module; 51. Water supply pipeline; 52. Main water supply valve; 53. Second heating device valve; 54. Second heating equipment; 55. Second constant water pressure control device; 56. Water supply valve on the right side of the model box; 57. Water supply port of the model box; 58. Water supply valve on the left side of the model box; 59. Second non-heated water valve; 6. Model test chamber; 61. Base; 62. Hydraulic jack; 63. Front baffle; 64. Support block; 65. Top baffle; 66. Tilting baffle; 67. Water tank; 68. Left water storage layer; 69. Right water storage layer; 7. Disassembly mechanism; 71. Connecting plate; 72. Electric push rod; 73. Rectangular plate; 74. Connecting rod; 75. Round hole; 76. Multi-stage telescopic tube; 8. Abutment mechanism; 81. Storage slot; 82. First electromagnet; 83. Second electromagnet; 84. Abutment plate; 85. Connecting rope; 86. Anti-slip mat; 9. Pre-cleaning mechanism; 91. Connection hole; 92. Air outlet pipe; 93. Fixing pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 13As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device includes a rainfall and recharge water supply module 1. The rainfall and recharge water supply module 1 includes an inlet pipe 11, a first heating device 14, and a first constant water pressure control device 15. Both the first heating device 14 and the first constant water pressure control device 15 are connected to the inlet pipe 11. The inlet pipe 11 is equipped with a main pipeline valve 12, a first heating device valve 13, a first non-heated water valve 21, a model box water supply valve 16, and a recharge water valve 20. A spray water outlet 19, connected to the interior, is fixedly installed on the surface of the inlet pipe 11. A spray device valve 17 is installed on the spray water outlet 19. A recharge water outlet 18 is provided at one end of the inlet pipe 11. The vibration control module 3 includes a vibration table 31 placed on the ground and a vibration control machine 32. A monitoring instrument control console 2 is provided on one side of the vibration table 31.

[0026] Specifically, the stress application and spraying module 4 includes several supports 41. Several hydraulic devices 44 are fixedly installed within the supports 41. Stress application devices 43 are located at the bottom of each hydraulic device 44. Spray water pipes 46 are installed on each hydraulic device 44, and the spray water pipes 46 are connected to spray nozzles 47 within the stress application devices 43. Spray water outlets 19 are connected to the spray nozzles 47. Peristaltic pump shelves 45 are located on both sides of the supports 41, and several magnetic stress application plates 48 are located at the bottom of the stress application devices 43. Vertical slide rails 42 are provided on the supports 41 for the force application devices 43 to slide through, and the stress application devices 43 pass through the slide rails 42.

[0027] A groundwater, geothermal water, and seawater intrusion water supply module 5 is provided on one side of the vibration table 31. The groundwater, geothermal water, and seawater intrusion water supply module 5 includes a water supply pipe 51, a second heating device 54, and a second constant water pressure control device 55. The water supply pipe 51 is connected to the second heating device 54 and the second constant water pressure control device 55. The water supply pipe 51 is equipped with a main water supply valve 52, a second heating device valve 53, a second non-heated water valve 59, a water supply valve 56 on the right side of the model box, and a water supply valve 58 on the left side of the model box. Two model box water supply ports 57 connected to the model test box 6 are provided at one end of the water supply pipe 51.

[0028] Specifically, a model test chamber 6 is set on one side of the vibration table 31. The model test chamber 6 includes two bases 61 symmetrically arranged with respect to the vibration table 31. A hydraulic jack 62 is fixedly installed on the base 61. A front baffle 63 and a tilting baffle 66 that make up the model test chamber 6 are set on the vibration table 31. Support blocks 64 connected to the hydraulic jacks 62 are fixedly installed on both sides of the model test chamber 6. A left water storage layer 68 and a right water storage layer 69 are respectively set on both sides of the model test chamber 6, thus forming two water tanks 67. A top baffle 65 is rotatably connected to both the left water storage layer 68 and the right water storage layer 69. During operation, Experiment 1: Open the main water supply valve 52 and the second heating device valve 53, and close the second non-heated water valve 59; then open the right-side water supply valve 56 and the left-side water supply valve 58 of the model box; then open the main pipeline valve 12 and the first heating device valve 13, and close the first non-heated water valve 21; next, open the model box water supply valve 16 and close the spray device valve 17; open the reinjection water valve 20 and close the left-side water supply valve 58 of the model box; according to the experimental design, a geothermal extraction well is set up in the model test box 6 and connected to a peristaltic pump using a hose, and a geothermal reinjection well is set up and connected to the reinjection water outlet 18. Open the flip-over baffle 66, add rock-soil similar materials to the model test box 6, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, displacement gauges, and thermometers inside; apply pressure to the rock-soil similar materials using the drop stress application device 43. The top baffle 65 is closed, and the pore water pressure inside the model test chamber 6 is controlled using the second constant water pressure control device 55. The reinjection temperature is set using the first heating device 14, and the temperature of the soil-rock similar material is set using the second heating device 54. The reinjection water pressure is controlled using the first constant water pressure control device 15. During the test, a peristaltic pump extraction flow rate is set to simulate geothermal water extraction, and the changes in relevant indicators during the geothermal water extraction process are monitored, thereby completing the physical model test of geological environmental problems caused by geothermal water extraction.

[0029] Experiment 2: The hydraulic jack 62 is raised to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31. Simultaneously, the main water supply valve 52 is opened, the second heating device valve 53 is closed, and the second non-heated water valve 59, the right-side water supply valve 56, and the left-side water supply valve 58 are opened. Finally, the main pipeline valve 12 is closed. According to the experimental design, a groundwater extraction well is set up inside the model test chamber 6 and connected to a peristaltic pump via a flexible hose. The tilting baffle 66 is opened, and similar soil and rock materials are added inside the model test chamber 6. Monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, and displacement gauges are placed inside. The top baffle 65 is closed, and the second constant water pressure control device 55 is used to control the pore water pressure inside the model test chamber 6. During the experiment, the peristaltic pump extraction flow rate is set to simulate groundwater extraction, and the changes in relevant indicators during groundwater extraction are monitored, thus completing the physical model experiment of ground subsidence induced by groundwater extraction.

[0030] Experiment 3: Lower the hydraulic jack 62 to bring the model test chamber 6 into direct contact with the vibration table 31. Open the main water supply valve 52, close the second heating device valve 53, open the second non-heated water valve 59, the water supply valve 56 on the right side of the model chamber, and the water supply valve 58 on the left side of the model chamber, and close the main pipeline valve 12. At this time, open the flip baffle 66, add soil-like materials into the model test chamber 6, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, and displacement gauges inside; close the top baffle 65, and use the second constant water pressure control device 55 to control the pore water pressure in the model test chamber 6; during the test, set the vibration table 31 frequency to simulate earthquakes of different magnitudes, monitor the changes in relevant indicators during the earthquake, and thus complete the physical model test of earthquake-induced ground settlement.

[0031] Experiment 4: Raise the hydraulic jack 62 to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31; close the main pipeline valve 12, open the main water supply valve 52, and close the second heating device valve 53; then open the second non-heated water valve 59, close the right-side water supply valve 56 of the model chamber, and open the left-side water supply valve 58 of the model chamber; then open the top baffle 65 and install a water-proof baffle in the right-side water storage layer 69; finally, open the flip baffle 66, add soil-like materials into the model test chamber 6, and place a pore water pressure gauge, soil pressure gauge, salinity meter, etc. inside. The monitoring device is used in the left water storage layer 68, which is shut off after the set water level is reached. A peristaltic pump is connected to the left water storage layer 68 via a hose, so that the peristaltic pump can extract water from the left water storage layer 68 to simulate the drop in groundwater level. Prepared saline water is added to the right water storage layer 69. When the test begins, the peristaltic pump is turned on to extract water from the left water storage layer 68, and the water-proof baffle of the right water storage layer 69 is removed to allow the saline water to seep into the left water storage layer 68 through the strata. During the test, the changes in relevant indicators during the seawater intrusion process are monitored to complete the physical model test of seawater intrusion.

[0032] Experiment 5: Raise the hydraulic jack 62 to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31; open the main pipeline valve 12, close the first heating device valve 13, open the first non-heated water valve 21 and the model box water supply valve 16, close the recharge water valve 20, and then open the sprinkler device valve 17; open the main water supply valve 52, close the second heating device valve 53, open the right side water supply valve 56 and the left side water supply valve 58 of the model box; finally, add similar soil and rock materials into the model test chamber 6, set the slope of the similar material slope according to the test requirements, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauge, soil pressure gauge, and displacement gauge inside; at the same time, remove the magnetic stress application plate 48, use the sprinkler head 47 to simulate rainfall, monitor the changes of slope-related indicators during rainfall, and thus complete the rainfall-induced landslide model test.

[0033] Experiment Six: Raise the hydraulic jack 62 to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31; first open the main water supply valve 52, close the second heating device valve 53, then open the second non-heated water valve 59, the water supply valve 56 on the right side of the model chamber, and the water supply valve 58 on the left side of the model chamber, and close the main pipeline valve 12; then open the flip baffle 66, add soil-like materials into the model test chamber 6, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, and displacement gauges inside; according to the experimental design, control several independent stress application devices 43 to pressurize the similar materials, which can simulate urban construction loads under different working conditions and in different locations, monitor the changes of relevant indicators during the load application process, and thus complete the physical model test of ground settlement caused by urban construction.

[0034] It should be noted that multiple functions can be superimposed on each other according to the experimental requirements. For example, the physical model test of ground subsidence caused by groundwater extraction can be combined with the physical model test of ground subsidence caused by urban construction to carry out the ground subsidence model test under the combined effect of groundwater extraction and urban construction; the physical model test of ground subsidence caused by earthquake can be combined with the physical model test of landslide induced by rainfall to carry out the landslide model test under the combined effect of earthquake and rainfall, etc.

[0035] The aforementioned design allows multiple individual devices to be integrated into one device to complete experiments, effectively solving the problems of limited functionality and applicability of traditional devices. It also addresses the issue that traditional devices, due to their dispersed design objectives, insufficient functional integration, and limitations in monitoring and control systems, severely restrict the systematic simulation and accurate research of complex geological disaster processes.

[0036] The bracket 41 is provided with disassembly mechanisms 7 on both sides. The disassembly mechanism 7 includes two connecting plates 71 fixedly installed on both sides of the bracket 41. An electric push rod 72 is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate 71. A rectangular plate 73 is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric push rod 72. Several connecting rods 74 are fixedly installed on one side of the rectangular plate 73. Several magnetic stress application plates 48 have through holes 75 on one side. A multi-stage telescopic tube 76 is fixedly installed between the side of the electric push rod 72 near the output end and the rectangular plate 73. The multi-stage telescopic tube 76 is composed of several hollow round tubes that are slidably connected.

[0037] Specifically, the connecting rod 74 has an internal abutment mechanism 8, which includes several storage slots 81. A first electromagnet 82 is installed in each storage slot 81. A second electromagnet 83 is slidably connected to the inside of each storage slot 81 via a connecting rope 85. An abutment plate 84 is fixedly installed on one side of the second electromagnet 83, and an anti-slip pad 86 is fixedly installed on one end of the abutment plate 84. The multi-stage telescopic tube 76 has a pre-cleaning mechanism 9, which includes an air outlet pipe 92 connected to the inside of the multi-stage telescopic tube 76. Several fixed pipes 93 connected to the air outlet pipe 92 are fixedly installed on one side of the stress application device 43, with the air outlet end of the fixed pipe 93 facing the slide rail 42. Several hollow tubes inside the multi-stage telescopic tube 76 are sealed and slidably connected, and connecting holes 91 for interconnection are opened between the hollow tubes.

[0038] During operation, when the magnetic stress application plate 48 needs to be opened for a spray test, the electric push rod 72 on the connecting plate 71 is activated. The output end of the electric push rod 72 moves the rectangular plate 73 and several connecting rods 74 together towards the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48, allowing the connecting rods 74 to carry the components of the abutment mechanism 8 into the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48. After the components of the abutment mechanism 8 enter the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48, the first electromagnet 82 and the second electromagnet 83 in the storage groove 81 are energized. This causes the second electromagnet 83 to slide away from the storage groove 81, carrying the connecting rope 85, the abutment plate 84, and the anti-slip pad 86, and thus abut against the inner wall of the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48. When the electric push rod 72 is restarted, causing the rectangular plate 73 and connecting rod 74 to reset, it will move several magnetic stress application plates 48 via several connecting rods 74. This ensures that the magnetic stress application plates 48 are not positioned below the spray nozzle 47. When a spraying experiment is required, there is no need for staff to manually open each magnetic stress application plate 48 individually, thus achieving efficient and rapid opening of several magnetic stress application plates 48. When a stress application experiment is required, the magnetic stress application plates 48 are transported and reset, and the abutment plate 84 and anti-slip pad 86 are reset into the receiving groove 81, thereby fixing the magnetic stress application plates 48 onto the stress application device 43 for the stress application experiment.

[0039] When the electric push rod 72 moves with the rectangular plate 73, it also moves with the multi-stage telescopic tube 76, thus protecting the output end of the electric push rod 72. When the multi-stage telescopic tube 76 moves in conjunction with the rectangular plate 73, it draws in outside air. When the multi-stage telescopic tube 76 slides and retracts in conjunction with the rectangular plate 73, it compresses the air inside the multi-stage telescopic tube 76 and blows it towards the slide rail 42 through the air outlet pipe 92 and the fixed pipe 93, thereby achieving pre-cleaning of the slide rail 42 and facilitating the subsequent sliding of the stress application device 43.

[0040] Working Principle: Experiment 1: Open the main water supply valve 52 and the second heating device valve 53, and close the second non-heated water valve 59; then open the right-side water supply valve 56 and the left-side water supply valve 58 of the model box; then open the main pipeline valve 12 and the first heating device valve 13, and close the first non-heated water valve 21; next, open the model box water supply valve 16 and close the spray device valve 17; open the reinjection water valve 20 and close the left-side water supply valve 58 of the model box; according to the experimental design, a geothermal extraction well is set up in the model test box 6 and connected to a peristaltic pump using a hose, and a geothermal reinjection well is set up and connected to the reinjection water outlet 18. Open the flip-over baffle 66, add rock-soil similar materials to the model test box 6, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, displacement gauges, and thermometers inside; pressurize the rock-soil similar materials by dropping the stress application device 43. The top baffle 65 is closed, and the pore water pressure inside the model test chamber 6 is controlled using the second constant water pressure control device 55. The reinjection temperature is set using the first heating device 14, and the temperature of the soil-rock similar material is set using the second heating device 54. The reinjection water pressure is controlled using the first constant water pressure control device 15. During the test, a peristaltic pump extraction flow rate is set to simulate geothermal water extraction, and the changes in relevant indicators during the geothermal water extraction process are monitored, thereby completing the physical model test of geological environmental problems caused by geothermal water extraction.

[0041] Experiment 2: The hydraulic jack 62 is raised to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31. Simultaneously, the main water supply valve 52 is opened, the second heating device valve 53 is closed, and the second non-heated water valve 59, the right-side water supply valve 56, and the left-side water supply valve 58 are opened. Finally, the main pipeline valve 12 is closed. According to the experimental design, a groundwater extraction well is set up inside the model test chamber 6 and connected to a peristaltic pump via a flexible hose. The tilting baffle 66 is opened, and similar soil and rock materials are added inside the model test chamber 6. Monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, and displacement gauges are placed inside. The top baffle 65 is closed, and the second constant water pressure control device 55 is used to control the pore water pressure inside the model test chamber 6. During the experiment, the peristaltic pump extraction flow rate is set to simulate groundwater extraction, and the changes in relevant indicators during groundwater extraction are monitored, thus completing the physical model experiment of ground subsidence induced by groundwater extraction.

[0042] Experiment 3: Lower the hydraulic jack 62 to bring the model test chamber 6 into direct contact with the vibration table 31. Open the main water supply valve 52, close the second heating device valve 53, open the second non-heated water valve 59, the water supply valve 56 on the right side of the model chamber, and the water supply valve 58 on the left side of the model chamber, and close the main pipeline valve 12. At this time, open the flip baffle 66, add soil-like materials into the model test chamber 6, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, and displacement gauges inside; close the top baffle 65, and use the second constant water pressure control device 55 to control the pore water pressure in the model test chamber 6; during the test, set the vibration table 31 frequency to simulate earthquakes of different magnitudes, monitor the changes in relevant indicators during the earthquake, and thus complete the physical model test of earthquake-induced ground settlement.

[0043] Experiment 4: Raise the hydraulic jack 62 to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31; close the main pipeline valve 12, open the main water supply valve 52, and close the second heating device valve 53; then open the second non-heated water valve 59, close the right-side water supply valve 56 of the model chamber, and open the left-side water supply valve 58 of the model chamber; then open the top baffle 65 and install a water-proof baffle in the right-side water storage layer 69; finally, open the flip baffle 66, add soil-like materials into the model test chamber 6, and place a pore water pressure gauge, soil pressure gauge, salinity meter, etc. inside. The monitoring device is used in the left water storage layer 68, which is shut off after the set water level is reached. A peristaltic pump is connected to the left water storage layer 68 via a hose, so that the peristaltic pump can extract water from the left water storage layer 68 to simulate the drop in groundwater level. Prepared saline water is added to the right water storage layer 69. When the test begins, the peristaltic pump is turned on to extract water from the left water storage layer 68, and the water-proof baffle of the right water storage layer 69 is removed to allow the saline water to seep into the left water storage layer 68 through the strata. During the test, the changes in relevant indicators during the seawater intrusion process are monitored to complete the physical model test of seawater intrusion.

[0044] Experiment 5: Raise the hydraulic jack 62 to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31; open the main pipeline valve 12, close the first heating device valve 13, open the first non-heated water valve 21 and the model box water supply valve 16, close the recharge water valve 20, and then open the sprinkler device valve 17; open the main water supply valve 52, close the second heating device valve 53, open the right side water supply valve 56 and the left side water supply valve 58 of the model box; finally, add similar soil and rock materials into the model test chamber 6, set the slope of the similar material slope according to the test requirements, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauge, soil pressure gauge, and displacement gauge inside; at the same time, remove the magnetic stress application plate 48, use the sprinkler head 47 to simulate rainfall, monitor the changes of slope-related indicators during rainfall, and thus complete the rainfall-induced landslide model test.

[0045] Experiment Six: Raise the hydraulic jack 62 to prevent direct contact between the model test chamber 6 and the vibration table 31; first open the main water supply valve 52, close the second heating device valve 53, then open the second non-heated water valve 59, the water supply valve 56 on the right side of the model chamber, and the water supply valve 58 on the left side of the model chamber, and close the main pipeline valve 12; then open the flip baffle 66, add soil-like materials into the model test chamber 6, and place monitoring devices such as pore water pressure gauges, soil pressure gauges, and displacement gauges inside; according to the experimental design, control several independent stress application devices 43 to pressurize the similar materials, which can simulate urban construction loads under different working conditions and in different locations, monitor the changes of relevant indicators during the load application process, and thus complete the physical model test of ground settlement caused by urban construction.

[0046] When the magnetic stress application plate 48 needs to be opened for a spray test, the electric push rod 72 on the connecting plate 71 is activated. The output end of the electric push rod 72 moves the rectangular plate 73 and several connecting rods 74 together towards the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48, allowing the connecting rods 74 to carry the components of the abutment mechanism 8 into the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48. After the components of the abutment mechanism 8 enter the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48, the first electromagnet 82 and the second electromagnet 83 in the storage groove 81 are energized. This causes the second electromagnet 83 to slide away from the storage groove 81, carrying the connecting rope 85, the abutment plate 84, and the anti-slip pad 86, and thus abut against the inner wall of the circular hole 75 of the magnetic stress application plate 48. When the electric actuator 72 is restarted, and the rectangular plate 73 and connecting rod 74 are reset, several magnetic stress application plates 48 will move via the connecting rods 74, ensuring that the magnetic stress application plates 48 are not positioned below the spray nozzle 47. When a stress application experiment is required, the magnetic stress application plates 48 are reset, and the abutment plate 84 and anti-slip pad 86 are reset into the receiving groove 81, thus fixing the magnetic stress application plates 48 onto the stress application device 43 for the stress application experiment. When the electric actuator 72 moves with the rectangular plate 73, it also moves the multi-stage telescopic tube 76, thus protecting the output end of the electric actuator 72. When the multi-stage telescopic tube 76 moves in conjunction with the rectangular plate 73, it will draw in external air. When the multi-stage telescopic tube 76 slides and retracts in conjunction with the rectangular plate 73, it will compress the air inside the multi-stage telescopic tube 76 and blow it towards the slide rail 42 through the air outlet pipe 92 and the fixed pipe 93, thereby achieving pre-cleaning of the slide rail 42.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device, characterized in that: It includes a rainwater and recharge water supply module (1), a vibration control module (3), and a stress application and spraying module (4). The rainfall and recharge water supply module (1) includes an inlet pipe (11), a first heating device (14) and a first constant water pressure control device (15). The first heating device (14) and the first constant water pressure control device (15) are both connected to the inlet pipe (11). The inlet pipe (11) is equipped with a main pipeline valve (12), a first heating device valve (13), a first non-heated water valve (21), a model box water supply valve (16) and a recharge water valve (20). A spray water outlet (19) connected to the inside is fixedly installed on the surface of the inlet pipe (11). A spray device valve (17) is installed on the spray water outlet (19). A recharge water outlet (18) is provided at one end of the inlet pipe (11). The stress application and spraying module (4) includes several brackets (41), several hydraulic devices (44) are fixedly installed in the brackets (41), a stress application device (43) is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic device (44), a spray water pipe (46) is provided on the hydraulic device (44), the spray water pipe (46) is connected to the spray nozzle (47) in the stress application device (43), and the spray water outlet (19) is connected to the spray nozzle (47); The vibration control module (3) includes a vibration table (31) placed on the ground and a vibration control machine (32).

2. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (41) is provided with peristaltic pump shelves (45) on both sides, and the stress application device (43) is provided with several magnetic stress application plates (48) at the bottom.

3. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (41) is provided with a vertical slide rail (42) for the force application device (43) to slide, and the stress application device (43) passes through the slide rail (42).

4. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A model test chamber (6) is provided on one side of the vibration. The model test chamber (6) includes two bases (61) symmetrically arranged with respect to the vibration table (31). A hydraulic jack (62) is fixedly installed on the base (61). The vibration table (31) is provided with a front baffle (63) and a flip baffle (66) that make up the model test box (6). Support blocks (64) connected to hydraulic jacks (62) are fixedly installed on both sides of the model test box (6). A left water storage layer (68) and a right water storage layer (69) are respectively provided on both sides of the model test box (6), thus forming two water tanks (67). A top baffle (65) is rotatably connected to both the left water storage layer (68) and the right water storage layer (69).

5. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A groundwater and geothermal water and seawater intrusion water supply module (5) is provided on one side of the vibration table (31). The groundwater and geothermal water and seawater intrusion water supply module (5) includes a water supply pipe (51), a second heating device (54), and a second constant water pressure control device (55). The water supply pipe (51) is connected to the second heating device (54) and the second constant water pressure control device (55), and the water supply pipe (51) is equipped with a main water supply valve (52), a second heating device valve (53), a second non-heating water valve (59), a water supply valve on the right side of the model box (56) and a water supply valve on the left side of the model box (58). One end of the water supply pipe (51) is equipped with two model box water supply ports (57) that are connected to the model test box (6).

6. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vibration table (31) is equipped with a monitoring instrument control console (2) on one side.

7. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket (41) is provided with a disassembly mechanism (7) on both sides. The disassembly mechanism (7) includes two connecting plates (71) fixedly installed on both sides of the bracket (41). An electric push rod (72) is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate (71). A rectangular plate (73) is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric push rod (72). Several connecting rods (74) are fixedly installed on one side of the rectangular plate (73). A circular hole (75) is opened on one side of several magnetic stress application plates (48).

8. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electric push rod (72) has a multi-stage telescopic tube (76) fixedly installed between the side near the output end and the rectangular plate (73). The multi-stage telescopic tube (76) is composed of several hollow round tubes that are slidably connected.

9. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting rod (74) is provided with an abutting mechanism (8), which includes several storage slots (81). A first electromagnet (82) is installed in the storage slot (81). A second electromagnet (83) is slidably connected to the inside of the storage slot (81) through a connecting rope (85). An abutting plate (84) is fixedly installed on one side of the second electromagnet (83). An anti-slip pad (86) is fixedly installed at one end of the abutting plate (84).

10. The multi-scenario geotechnical engineering physical model test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The multi-stage telescopic tube (76) is provided with a pre-cleaning mechanism (9). The pre-cleaning mechanism (9) includes an air outlet pipe (92) that is connected to the inside of the multi-stage telescopic tube (76). A number of fixed pipes (93) that are connected to the air outlet pipe (92) are fixedly installed on one side of the stress application device (43). The air outlet end of the fixed pipe (93) faces the slide rail (42). The multiple hollow tubes inside the multi-stage telescopic tube (76) are sealed and slidingly connected, and the multiple hollow tubes are provided with connection holes (91) for mutual communication.

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