Wind speed and direction sensor and wind speed measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind speed and direction sensor and a wind speed measuring method. The method comprises the following steps: forming a substrate; the isolation assembly is installed on the substrate, the isolation assembly is used for dividing the substrate into a plurality of sub-areas in different directions and guiding airflow to enter a target sub-area, and the airflow direction is the same as the direction of the target sub-area; at least one flow guide hole is formed in each isolation assembly, and the flow guide holes are used for allowing airflow to enter other sub-areas from the target sub-area; the heating element is positioned in the geometric center of the substrate; and a thermosensitive element. By adopting the method, the good heat conductivity of the substrate can be realized, the heat transfer uniformity is guaranteed, the measurement error is reduced, the isolation assembly guides the air flow to enter the target sub-region, the temperature of the target sub-region is obviously reduced, the flow guide holes are used for enabling the air flow to enter other sub-regions from the target sub-region, and the temperature of other sub-regions is slowly reduced. And high-sensitivity measurement in a full range from low wind speed to high wind speed can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sensor technology, and in particular to a wind speed and direction sensor and a wind speed measurement method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, wind speed and direction sensors are gradually developing towards miniaturization, integration, and intelligence.

[0003] Traditional MEMS thermal anemometers typically consist of a heating element and a temperature sensing element. Due to their operating principle, the sensor's output sensitivity gradually decreases as the wind speed increases. Furthermore, to reduce heat conduction between the heating element and the temperature sensing element, thermal isolation grooves must be introduced during fabrication or the substrate material must be treated, resulting in a significant decrease in the thermal conductivity between the heating element and the temperature sensing element. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a wind speed and direction sensor and a wind speed measurement method to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a wind speed and direction sensor, comprising:

[0006] Substrate;

[0007] An isolation assembly is mounted on the substrate and is used to divide the substrate into multiple sub-regions with different directions and guide airflow into a target sub-region, wherein the airflow direction is the same as the direction of the target sub-region; each isolation assembly is provided with at least one flow guide hole for airflow to enter other sub-regions from the target sub-region;

[0008] A heating element located at the geometric center of the substrate;

[0009] Thermistors are uniformly distributed around the heating element, with each thermistor located in a sub-region.

[0010] In one embodiment, the flow guide hole is used to guide the airflow to form convective heat transfer with the thermistor, so as to form a temperature gradient between the thermistors in the target sub-region and other sub-regions.

[0011] In one embodiment, the height of the isolation component is much greater than the height of the thermal element.

[0012] In one embodiment, the height of the flow guide holes on each of the isolation components is the same.

[0013] In one embodiment, where each isolation component includes multiple flow guide holes, the multiple flow guide holes are arranged along the vertical direction of the isolation component.

[0014] In one embodiment, the number of vias closer to the substrate is greater than the number of vias farther from the substrate.

[0015] In one embodiment, the size of the flow channel near the substrate is smaller than the size of the flow channel away from the substrate.

[0016] In one embodiment, each sub-region is provided with a plurality of thermistors connected in series or in parallel.

[0017] Secondly, this application also provides a wind speed measurement method using a wind speed and direction sensor, applicable to any of the above-mentioned wind speed and direction sensors, comprising:

[0018] Obtain the temperature change values ​​of all thermistors;

[0019] The temperature difference is obtained based on the temperature change value that is ranked first and the temperature change value that is ranked last.

[0020] Based on the corresponding curve of the relationship between the preset temperature difference and wind speed, the wind speed corresponding to the temperature difference is determined.

[0021] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0022] Obtain two temperature change values ​​in adjacent directions whose temperature changes are greater than a preset temperature change value;

[0023] The two temperature change values ​​are combined as vector components, and the wind direction is determined based on the angle of the combined vector.

[0024] The aforementioned wind speed and direction sensor and wind speed measurement method utilize the substrate's excellent thermal conductivity to ensure uniform heat transfer and reduce measurement errors. The isolation component guides the airflow into the target sub-region, significantly reducing the temperature of the target sub-region. The guide hole allows the airflow to move from the target sub-region into other sub-regions, slowly reducing the temperature of those other sub-regions. This enables high-sensitivity measurement across the entire wind speed range, from low to high wind speeds. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1This is a top view of a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view of a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the wind speed measurement method using a wind speed and direction sensor in another embodiment.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a wind speed measurement method using a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application can be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from the second element. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "multiple" used in this application refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used in this application refers to one of the embodiments, or any combination of multiple embodiments.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0035] As described in the background section, the structure of a traditional wind speed and direction sensor is to place a heating element at the center of the chip, and to symmetrically distribute multiple temperature sensing elements, such as thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors, around the heat source.

[0036] Since the heating element and the temperature sensing element mainly exchange heat through thermal convection, in the absence of wind, the heating element continues to generate heat, which is conducted to the temperature sensing element through the substrate. When there is wind blowing over the chip, the airflow blows from the windward side to the leeward side, which will preferentially carry away the heat around the sensing element on the windward side, while the heat generated by the heating element will be carried by the airflow to the leeward side, causing heat to accumulate around the temperature sensing element on the leeward side. The heat is carried from upstream to downstream by the wind, forming a heat difference.

[0037] Therefore, in traditional wind speed and direction sensor manufacturing processes, to prevent heat generated by the heating element from being conducted within the chip, thermal isolation grooves need to be introduced during the fabrication process or the substrate material needs to be treated to significantly reduce the chip's thermal conductivity. Furthermore, while the sensor exhibits high sensitivity in the low wind speed range, its sensitivity and resolution gradually decrease as wind speed increases.

[0038] In traditional sensors, if the heating element and temperature sensing element are directly molded on a high thermal conductivity silicon substrate, the heat generated by the heating element is rapidly transferred to all temperature sensing elements through silicon thermal conduction, rather than solely through airflow convection to create a temperature difference. In still air, all sensing elements maintain a uniform temperature due to uniform heat conduction; however, in windy conditions, the heat carried away by the airflow is quickly offset by the rapid replenishment of heat conduction by the silicon substrate, resulting in a minimal temperature difference between the target and non-target sub-regions, making it impossible to accurately determine wind speed and direction. Therefore, traditional processes must incorporate thermal isolation techniques: for example, etching thermal isolation trenches on the substrate to block the heat conduction path, or treating the substrate with low thermal conductivity, such as doping with impurities, to reduce the thermal conductivity of the silicon substrate, thereby reducing direct heat conduction from the heating element to the sensing elements and allowing the temperature difference caused by airflow convection to become the dominant signal.

[0039] This application provides a wind speed and direction sensor. Figure 1 This is a top view of a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment.

[0040] The substrate 4 can be a semiconductor material with high thermal conductivity, such as single crystal silicon, germanium or silicon-germanium alloy. There is no need to design a complex heat conduction structure. Relying solely on the physical properties of the semiconductor material itself, the heat generated by the central heating element can be efficiently and evenly transferred to the surrounding thermistor elements. This reduces production costs, improves structural strength, and ensures initial temperature uniformity and response speed.

[0041] An isolation component 2 is mounted on a substrate 4, dividing the surface of the substrate 4 into multiple independent sub-regions. Each sub-region contains a thermistor 1 for sensing temperature changes. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the isolation component 2 divides the substrate 4 into four sub-regions, corresponding to the east, south, west, and north directions, respectively, with one thermistor in each sub-region. When the wind blows from the east, it primarily enters the target sub-region on the east side, while the isolation component blocks the airflow from entering the south, west, and north sub-regions. While the isolation component 2 blocks most of the non-target airflow, a small portion of the airflow in the target sub-region is allowed to flow through the guide holes 5 to other sub-regions. The target sub-region, being in direct contact with a large amount of airflow, experiences the most heat loss and the most significant temperature drop. Other sub-regions receive only a small amount of airflow through the guide holes 5, resulting in a smaller temperature drop. By comparing the temperature differences between different sub-regions, the sensor calculates the wind direction and speed; that is, the sub-region experiencing the most significant temperature drop indicates the direction from which the wind originates.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment. The isolation component 2 is tightly fixed to the substrate 4. The function of the isolation component 2 is to block non-target airflow from entering the corresponding sub-region. If the connection between the isolation component 2 and the substrate 4 is not firm, local warping or displacement may occur during long-term use, causing non-target airflow to enter through the gap and causing misjudgment of wind direction.

[0043] The heating element 3 is located at the geometric center of the substrate 4. The heat generated by the heating element 3 during operation will diffuse evenly to the surrounding areas through the substrate, with the geometric center as the origin. The substrate 4 can efficiently and evenly transfer the heat generated by the heating element 3 to the surrounding thermistors 1. When the heating element 3 is located at the geometric center, the path length of heat transfer along the substrate 4 to the surrounding areas is consistent, and the thermal resistance is the same. This ensures that each thermistor 1 receives an equal amount of heat when there is no wind, structurally avoiding temperature unevenness caused by differences in heat transfer distance, and establishing a unified physical basis for subsequent measurements.

[0044] If the heating element 3 deviates from the geometric center, the thermistor 1 in that direction will receive more heat, directly undermining the calibration premise that the temperature of each thermistor 1 is consistent when there is no wind. Subsequent wind speed and direction calculations will have uncorrectable errors due to the original temperature deviation.

[0045] The thermistor 1 is uniformly distributed around the heating element, ensuring that in the absence of wind, the thermistors in each sub-region receive almost equal amounts of heat, resulting in a consistent initial temperature and providing a benchmark for subsequent detection of temperature differences caused by airflow. In the presence of wind, regardless of the direction of airflow, the distance from the heating element 3 to the thermistors 1 in each sub-region is equal, ensuring identical initial conditions for heat transfer and guaranteeing that temperature differences are solely due to airflow, thus improving measurement accuracy. In one embodiment, where the isolation component 2 divides the surface of the substrate 4 into multiple independent sub-regions, the thermistors 1 are uniformly, symmetrically, and orthogonally distributed around the heating resistor 3.

[0046] The number of thermistors 1 can be multiple, and they can be evenly distributed with the heating element 3 as the center. N isolation components 2 divide the substrate 4 into N independent fan-shaped sub-regions, each sub-region corresponding to one thermistor 1. When the heating element 3 is working, the heat diffuses evenly with the center as the origin. The distance from all thermistors 1 to the heating element 3 is exactly the same, ensuring that the heat from the heating element 3 can be evenly transferred to each thermistor 1 when there is no wind. Each isolation component 2 includes a guide hole 5, and the airflow can enter other sub-regions through the guide hole 5 of the windward side sub-region, thereby forming a clear temperature difference between the windward side sub-region and the leeward side sub-region.

[0047] The aforementioned wind speed and direction sensor features a substrate with good thermal conductivity to ensure uniform heat transfer and reduce measurement errors. An isolation component guides airflow into the target sub-region, significantly reducing the temperature of the target sub-region. A guide hole allows airflow to move from the target sub-region into other sub-regions, slowly reducing the temperature of those other sub-regions. This enables high-sensitivity measurement across the entire wind speed range, from low to high wind speeds.

[0048] In one embodiment of this disclosure, Figure 3 This is a front view of a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment. The guide hole is used to guide the airflow to form convective heat transfer with the thermal element, so that the thermal elements of the target sub-region and other sub-regions form a temperature gradient.

[0049] The isolation component 2 has divided the substrate 4 into independent sub-regions, and the flow guide hole 5 is opened in the isolation component 2. The isolation component 2 blocks the airflow in the non-target direction and only allows the airflow that matches the direction of the sub-region to enter through the channel, ensuring that the airflow only acts on the thermistor in the target sub-region and avoids cross interference of airflow in different directions.

[0050] Without the guide hole 5, the airflow will be completely blocked by the isolation component 2 and will not be able to enter any sub-region. All thermistors 1 will only receive uniform heat from the heating element 3 and will not be able to form a temperature difference. If the guide hole 5 has no height, number and size requirements, the airflow will enter multiple sub-regions in a disorderly manner, causing the temperature changes in each region to become similar and also unable to form an effective gradient.

[0051] Convection heat transfer is a physical phenomenon in which heat is transferred between the airflow and the thermistor 1 through relative motion. When the airflow comes into contact with the surface of the thermistor 1 and relative motion occurs, it will carry away the heat of the thermistor 1, causing the temperature of the thermistor 1 to drop. The greater the wind speed, the more heat the airflow carries away, and the more obvious the temperature drop of the thermistor 1. When there is no wind, the airflow is still, and the temperature of the thermistor 1 is mainly maintained by the heating element through conduction through the substrate 4.

[0052] Without the guide hole 5, at high wind speeds, the airflow impact force exceeds the blocking capacity of the guide isolation component 2, flowing into the non-target sub-area from the top of the isolation component 2. This causes a sudden increase in the temperature drop of the thermal element 1 in the non-target sub-area, blurring the temperature gradient and making it impossible to determine the wind direction by the temperature difference.

[0053] After rectification by the five sizes and number of guide holes, the target sub-region and other sub-regions maintain a significant temperature gradient, providing a stable and quantifiable signal basis for wind speed and direction measurement.

[0054] The heating element 3 is located at the geometric center of the substrate 4. During operation, the heat generated diffuses uniformly to the surrounding area through the highly thermally conductive substrate 4. Because all sub-regions are at the same distance from the heating element 3, have the same thermal resistance, and experience no airflow interference, the temperature of the thermistor 1 in all sub-regions eventually stabilizes and becomes consistent, forming a reference temperature. At this point, there is no temperature difference between the regions. During windy conditions, the interaction between the airflow and the sensor triggers a temperature gradient.

[0055] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the height of the isolation component 2 is significantly greater than the height of the thermistor 1. The thermistor 1 determines wind direction based on temperature differences between different sub-regions. The main cause of misjudgment is airflow entering from a direction other than the target direction. The isolation component 2, being significantly taller than the thermistor 1, forms a barrier to the effective heat exchange area of ​​the thermistor 1. For example, the height of the isolation component 2 is ≥ 50 mm greater than the height of the thermistor 1. This ensures that when wind blows from a certain direction, the isolation plate completely blocks the airflow from entering other sub-regions.

[0056] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the height of the guide holes on each isolation component 2 is the same. The height of each guide hole 5 must be consistent, and it should preferably be set in the height range close to the thermal element 1 to ensure that the airflow can directly act on the thermal element 1 after passing through the hole, and to avoid airflow deviation caused by the height difference of the guide holes 5.

[0057] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when each isolation component 2 includes multiple flow guide holes 5, the multiple flow guide holes are arranged along the vertical direction of the isolation component. If the multiple flow guide holes 5 are arranged only along the horizontal direction of the isolation component, the airflow can only enter other sub-regions from a single height, which may result in the thermistor 1 only partially contacting the airflow. If the airflow can enter other sub-regions uniformly from different heights, the temperature change of the thermistor 1 can be more uniform.

[0058] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the number of flow guide holes 5 near the substrate 4 is greater than the number of flow guide holes 5 far from the substrate 4. The greater number of flow guide holes 5 near the substrate 4 allows for more airflow to contact the thermistor 3, making the temperature change signal more significant and amplifying even slight temperature differences at low wind speeds.

[0059] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the size of the flow guide hole 5 near the substrate 4 is smaller than the size of the flow guide hole 5 far from the substrate 4. At low wind speeds, the airflow kinetic energy is weak and mainly concentrated in the low-height region near the substrate 4. The small size of the low-height flow guide hole 5 allows for precise control of the guided airflow at low wind speeds. At high wind speeds, the vertical span of the airflow is large, and the large-sized flow guide hole 5 far from the substrate 4 can prevent congestion and turbulence interference.

[0060] In one embodiment of this disclosure, each sub-region is provided with a plurality of thermistor elements 4 connected in series or in parallel. Thermistor element 1 may consist of four resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) or thermocouples.

[0061] The aforementioned wind speed and direction sensor utilizes the high thermal conductivity of substrate 4 to ensure uniform temperature in windless conditions and timely heat replenishment in windy conditions, providing a stable reference and response speed for airflow temperature differences. The combination of the guide hole 5 and the isolation component 2 ensures that the airflow temperature difference is determined solely by wind speed, without turbulence interference, providing an accurate temperature difference signal. In windless conditions, the heat generated by the heating resistor is uniformly transferred to the thermistor 1 through substrate 4, resulting in consistent temperature measurements for the thermistors. In windy conditions, the airflow is blocked by the isolation component 2 and forms convection through the guide hole 5. Only the thermistor 1 located on the windward side can exchange heat with the wind, resulting in a significant temperature drop. The degree of convection heat exchange between the thermistor 1 on the leeward side and the wind is significantly less than that on the windward side, leading to a significantly smaller temperature drop. By converting and vectorizing the temperature changes of the thermistor 1 in the four regions, wind speed and direction can be obtained.

[0062] This application also provides a wind speed measurement method using a wind speed and wind direction sensor. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a wind speed measurement method using a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment, including:

[0063] S402: Obtain the temperature change values ​​of all thermistors;

[0064] The thermal elements are distributed in different sub-regions in different directions, and the temperature change value of each element refers to the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature under windless conditions.

[0065] S404: Based on the temperature change value of the first sorted value and the temperature change value of the last sorted value, obtain the temperature difference value;

[0066] S406: Determine the wind speed corresponding to the preset temperature difference based on the corresponding curve of the relationship between the preset temperature difference and wind speed.

[0067] The temperature change value ranked first can be the temperature change value of the windward side area, and the temperature change value ranked last can be the temperature change value of the leeward side area. The actual wind speed can be calculated by using the preset temperature difference wind speed correspondence.

[0068] In one embodiment of this disclosure, Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a wind speed measurement method using a wind speed and direction sensor in one embodiment, including:

[0069] S502: Obtain two temperature change values ​​in adjacent directions whose temperature changes are greater than a preset temperature change value;

[0070] S504: Combine the two temperature change values ​​as vector components and determine the wind direction based on the angle of the combined vector.

[0071] When the wind blows from an oblique direction, the airflow will not only affect one positive direction, but will simultaneously affect two adjacent positive directions. The temperature change values ​​of the two adjacent directions can be converted into airflow intensity vectors, and the resultant vector can be obtained by mathematical superposition. The angle of the resultant vector is the actual wind direction.

[0072] For example, all the thermal elements on the sensor, such as at least 4 thermal elements, are located in 4 sub-regions: east, south, west, and north. When the wind blows from any direction, there is 1 frontal thermal element, 2 side thermal elements that receive a small amount of airflow through the guide hole, and 1 leeward thermal element that can improve the accuracy of wind direction judgment through vector synthesis.

[0073] The sensor's thermal elements are distributed across different sub-regions, with each element's temperature change reflecting the airflow's heat dissipation intensity in that region. The thermal elements in the windward sub-region dissipate heat fastest due to direct contact with a large volume of airflow, resulting in the largest temperature change. The thermal elements in the leeward sub-region receive only a small amount of airflow through guide holes, leading to the slowest heat dissipation and the smallest temperature change. The temperature change of the thermal elements in the crosswind sub-region falls between these two extremes. The temperature difference is calculated based on the first and last ranked temperature changes. The corresponding wind speed is then determined.

[0074] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps. It is understood that the steps in different embodiments can be freely combined as needed, and all non-contradictory solutions formed by such combinations are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0075] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0076] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wind speed and direction sensor, characterized in that, The wind speed and direction sensor includes: Substrate; An isolation assembly is mounted on the substrate and is used to divide the substrate into multiple sub-regions with different directions and guide airflow into a target sub-region, wherein the airflow direction is the same as the direction of the target sub-region; each isolation assembly is provided with at least one flow guide hole for airflow to enter other sub-regions from the target sub-region; A heating element located at the geometric center of the substrate; Thermistors are uniformly distributed around the heating element, with each thermistor located in a sub-region.

2. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide hole is used to guide the airflow to form convective heat transfer with the thermistor, so as to form a temperature gradient between the thermistors in the target sub-region and other sub-regions.

3. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the isolation component is much greater than the height of the thermistor.

4. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the flow guide holes on each of the isolation components is the same.

5. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the case where each isolation component includes multiple flow guide holes, the multiple flow guide holes are arranged along the vertical direction of the isolation component.

6. The sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of flow guide holes closer to the substrate is greater than the number of flow guide holes farther away from the substrate.

7. The sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The size of the flow channel near the substrate is smaller than the size of the flow channel away from the substrate.

8. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the sub-regions is provided with multiple thermistors connected in series or in parallel.

9. A method for measuring wind speed using a wind speed and direction sensor, applied to the wind speed and direction sensor according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the temperature change values ​​of all thermistors; The temperature difference is obtained based on the temperature change value that is ranked first and the temperature change value that is ranked last. Based on the corresponding curve of the relationship between the preset temperature difference and wind speed, the wind speed corresponding to the temperature difference is determined.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain two temperature change values ​​in adjacent directions whose temperature changes are greater than a preset temperature change value; The two temperature change values ​​are combined as vector components, and the wind direction is determined based on the angle of the combined vector.

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