A dynamic charging method, apparatus, and storage medium for lithium batteries.

Abstract

This application provides a dynamic charging method, apparatus, and storage medium for lithium batteries, relating to the field of battery management. It solves the technical problem in existing technologies where, when charging lithium batteries at battery swapping stations, it is difficult to dynamically select the charging mode of the lithium battery based on the expected demand of each swapping station and the state of the lithium battery, and to set adaptive charging methods. The method includes: acquiring target data for each lithium battery within the battery swapping station; dividing a day into several time periods, and extracting the reserved fully charged battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period; selecting high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved fully charged battery capacity and target data; performing high-power charging on the high-power charging batteries; and adaptively charging the dynamic power charging batteries based on the grid load of the current time period. This application can reduce battery reactive power loss while improving the lifespan of lithium batteries and the safety of battery swapping stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery management, and more particularly to a dynamic charging method, apparatus and storage medium for lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and other fields due to their high energy density and long cycle life. However, lithium-ion batteries face problems such as overcharging and overheating during charging. Overcharging may cause the decomposition of internal chemical substances in the battery, leading to safety hazards such as battery bulging, combustion, or even explosion; overheating will accelerate battery aging and shorten the battery's lifespan.

[0003] Currently, most dynamic charging methods and devices used for lithium batteries charge at high power immediately upon receiving the battery at the battery swapping station. This results in a large number of fully charged batteries at the swapping station when the number of swapping vehicles is small. It is difficult to dynamically select the charging mode of the lithium battery according to the expected demand of each swapping station and the state of the lithium battery, and to set an adaptive charging method. This increases the aging of the battery and the power consumption when it is in a fully charged state for a long time.

[0004] Therefore, this invention discloses a dynamic charging method, apparatus, and storage medium for lithium batteries to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a dynamic charging method, apparatus, and storage medium for lithium batteries, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to dynamically select the charging mode of lithium batteries according to the expected needs of each battery swapping station and the state of the lithium batteries, and to set an adaptive charging method when charging lithium batteries at battery swapping stations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a dynamic charging method for lithium batteries is provided, comprising:

[0008] Acquire target data for each lithium battery within the lithium battery swapping station; the target data includes the remaining charge and temperature of the lithium battery.

[0009] Divide the day into several time periods, and extract the reserved full-charge battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period.

[0010] High-power rechargeable batteries and dynamic power rechargeable batteries are selected based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data.

[0011] High-power rechargeable batteries are charged at high power, and dynamic power rechargeable batteries are adaptively charged based on the grid load of the current time period.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the dynamic charging method for lithium batteries provided in this application can set personalized battery charging options for the battery swapping station according to its needs, thereby increasing the battery's lifespan and the safety of the battery swapping station.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect mentioned above, one possible implementation involves obtaining target data for each lithium battery within the lithium battery swapping station, including:

[0014] The remaining power of the lithium battery is obtained in real time through the power monitoring chip of the lithium battery; several temperatures of the lithium battery are obtained through several temperature sensors installed on the lithium battery, and the average, maximum and minimum values ​​of the several temperatures are obtained. The temperature of the lithium battery is obtained by weighting the maximum, average and minimum values.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect mentioned above, one possible implementation involves dividing a day into several time periods, including:

[0016] A1: When the time reaches the target time point for each date, extract the current lithium battery swapping station's data before the current date. The total number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping within a day is ZC; when the total number ZC is not less than the total number threshold, proceed to A2; when the total number ZC is less than the total number threshold, the duration RC of the current date's time period is set to the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, and proceed to A3; where the target time point is obtained manually, it is generally set to 0:01 of the current day; the total number threshold is determined based on the average number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping over several days in the historical data of the current lithium battery swapping station, specifically the average number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping multiplied by... The standard time range is determined based on the standard charging time of lithium batteries, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the standard time range are proportional to the standard charging time of lithium batteries. It is obtained through manual settings, and the value is generally greater than 20;

[0017] A2: Move the current date to the nearest... The number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on each day is marked in chronological order as follows: The preceding steps are determined sequentially based on the calculation formula (1). The average change ratio PB within a day; the duration RC of the time period for the current date is determined based on formula (2). When the duration RC is greater than the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the maximum value. When the duration RC is less than the minimum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the minimum value. for Number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on different days The number, and The range of values ​​for is [1, ... ];

[0018] A3: Divide the current date into several time periods based on duration (RC);

[0019] The calculation formula (1) is:

[0020] ;

[0021] The calculation formula (2) is:

[0022] ;

[0023] Where ZY is the total threshold, and DZ is the median of the standard range for the time period; The amplitude adjustment coefficient is set based on experience, and The value range is (0,1).

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect mentioned above, one possible implementation involves extracting the reserved fully charged battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period, including:

[0025] When the time reaches the first time point of each time period, the time range of the current time period is obtained, and the number of battery swaps in the current lithium battery swapping station over several days within the current time period is obtained. Several battery swaps are integrated into a subarray. The variance of the subarray is obtained, and it is determined whether the variance is less than a threshold value. If yes, the average value of the data in the subarray is calculated to obtain the characteristic number. If no, the battery swaps with the largest absolute difference from the average value in the subarray are removed, and the variance is re-evaluated until the variance of the subarray is less than the threshold value. Then, the average value of the data retained in the subarray is calculated to obtain the characteristic number. The threshold value is determined empirically.

[0026] Multiplying the characteristic number by the proportional adjustment coefficient 1 yields the reserved fully charged battery capacity of the current lithium battery swapping station in the current time period; where the proportional adjustment coefficient 1 is determined based on the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in history on the current date, and is directly proportional to the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect mentioned above, one possible implementation involves selecting high-power rechargeable batteries and dynamic power rechargeable batteries based on the reserved full-charge capacity and target data, including:

[0028] B1: At the first time point of the current time period, extract the remaining power and temperature of each lithium battery in the current lithium battery swapping station, and obtain the number of lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station whose remaining power is not less than the power threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold; determine whether the number of lithium batteries is less than the reserved number of fully charged batteries; if yes, mark the lithium batteries whose remaining power is not less than the power threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold as candidate lithium batteries and jump to B2; if no, sort the lithium batteries whose remaining power is not less than the power threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold according to the temperature from low to high, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not greater than the number of reserved fully charged batteries as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station that are not marked as high-power charging batteries as dynamic power charging batteries; where the power threshold is determined based on the degradation of lithium batteries with power, it can generally be taken as 80%; the temperature threshold is determined in the laboratory based on the safety of lithium batteries at various temperatures;

[0029] B2: Extract the remaining capacity YD and temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is lower than the temperature threshold from the lithium batteries that are not marked as candidate lithium batteries, and determine the priority factor YZ by calculation formula (3), obtain the quantity difference CZ between the lithium batteries marked as candidate lithium batteries and the reserved full-charged battery quantity, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not less than the quantity difference CZ after sorting the priority factor YZ from large to small as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is less than the quantity difference CZ as dynamic power charging batteries;

[0030] B3: Lithium batteries with a temperature not lower than the temperature threshold are marked as dynamic power charging batteries;

[0031] The calculation formula (3) is:

[0032] ;

[0033] Wherein, PYD is the average remaining capacity of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries; PWD is the average temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries. and It is a proportional adjustment coefficient set based on experience, and , .

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect above, one possible implementation of high-power charging of a high-power rechargeable battery includes:

[0035] Obtain the maximum charging power corresponding to the high-power rechargeable battery, and charge the high-power rechargeable battery at high power according to the maximum charging power.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect above, one possible implementation involves adaptively charging the dynamic power charging battery based on the grid load of the current time period, including:

[0037] The process involves obtaining the total grid load of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located over several historical days, integrating these total grid loads into a grid load group, obtaining the variance of the total grid load in the load group, and determining whether the variance is less than the load variance threshold. If yes, the total grid load in the load group is retained; otherwise, the load group with the largest absolute value of the difference from the average total grid load is removed, and the variance determination is repeated until the variance of the load group is less than the load variance threshold. The remaining total grid load in the load group is then retained. The area where the lithium battery swapping station is located is manually divided, such as by town or county. The load variance threshold is obtained empirically.

[0038] Obtain the maximum, average, and minimum values ​​of the total power grid load retained in the power grid load group, and calculate the characteristic load TH by weighting the maximum, average, and minimum values;

[0039] When the characteristic load TH is not less than the load regulation threshold HZ of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, the dynamic charging curve of the corresponding lithium battery is constructed by interpolation with the time point in the current time period as the horizontal axis and the minimum charging power when the lithium battery is charging as the vertical axis; wherein, the load regulation threshold HZ is obtained according to the maximum load that the power grid in the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located can withstand.

[0040] When the characteristic load TH is less than the load control threshold HZ of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, the charging power GL of the lithium battery in the current time period is obtained based on the calculation formula (4). The time point in the current time period is used as the horizontal axis and the charging power GL is used as the vertical axis. The dynamic charging curve of the corresponding lithium battery is constructed by interpolation.

[0041] The lithium battery is charged according to the dynamic charging curve.

[0042] The calculation formula (4) is:

[0043] ;

[0044] Where ZG is the minimum charging power of the lithium battery, and DG is the maximum charging power of the lithium battery. The function is for finding the minimum value; The amplitude adjustment coefficient is set according to the maximum load capacity of the power grid in the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, and The value of is [0, 0.5].

[0045] In conjunction with the first aspect above, one possible implementation involves charging the lithium battery according to a dynamic charging curve, including:

[0046] Divide the characteristic load TH corresponding to the current time period by the duration of the current time period to obtain the characteristic load DTH at each time point. Obtain the real-time grid load DH of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located at each time point within the current time period. Mark the value of the characteristic load DTH divided by the real-time grid load DH as the control ratio. Multiply the corresponding control ratio by the vertical coordinate value of each time point in the dynamic charging curve to obtain the final charging power.

[0047] When the final charging power is less than the minimum charging power of the lithium battery, the final charging power will be set to the minimum charging power of the lithium battery; when the final charging power is greater than the maximum charging power of the lithium battery, the final charging power will be set to the maximum charging power of the lithium battery.

[0048] The final charging power at each time point is used to charge the corresponding lithium battery.

[0049] In a second aspect, a dynamic charging device for lithium batteries is provided, comprising: a communication unit and a processing unit;

[0050] The communication unit is used to acquire target data of each lithium battery in the lithium battery swapping station; wherein, the target data includes the remaining power and temperature of the lithium battery;

[0051] The processing unit is used to divide a day into several time periods, extract the reserved full-charge battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period; select high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data; perform high-power charging on the high-power charging batteries; and perform adaptive charging on the dynamic power charging batteries based on the grid load of the current time period.

[0052] Thirdly, this application provides a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a dynamic charging device for a lithium battery, cause the dynamic charging device for a lithium battery to perform the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0053] This application provides a dynamic charging method, apparatus, and storage medium for lithium batteries, with the following advantages:

[0054] 1. This application solves the technical problem of dynamically selecting the charging mode of lithium batteries and setting adaptive charging methods when charging lithium batteries at a battery swapping station by obtaining the remaining power and temperature of each lithium battery in the station; dividing the day into several time periods and extracting the reserved fully charged battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period; selecting high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved fully charged battery capacity, remaining power and temperature; charging the high-power charging batteries at high power and adaptively charging the dynamic power charging batteries based on the grid load of the current time period. This invention can reduce battery reactive power loss while improving the service life of lithium batteries and the safety of battery swapping stations.

[0055] 2. The time-based dynamic segmentation method proposed in this application, based on the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping, effectively improves the accuracy and flexibility of data analysis by dividing the day into several time periods and dynamically adjusting the duration of these time periods according to the real-time demand of the lithium battery swapping station. This application's dynamic segmentation of time periods better adapts to the actual operational needs of lithium battery swapping stations. Traditional time segmentation methods are usually based on fixed time periods, such as every hour or half hour. While simple, this approach struggles to accurately reflect changes in the actual demand of swapping stations, especially when the number of waiting vehicles fluctuates significantly. This application, however, analyzes the data in real-time... By analyzing the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping each day and combining this with historical data to calculate the average change rate, we can more accurately predict the vehicle waiting situation for the current day. This allows us to dynamically adjust the duration of time periods, making the time allocation more aligned with the actual needs of lithium battery swapping stations.

[0056] It should be understood that the descriptions of technical features, technical solutions, beneficial effects, or similar language in this application do not imply that all features and advantages can be achieved in any single embodiment. Rather, it is understood that the description of a feature or beneficial effect means that a specific technical feature, technical solution, or beneficial effect is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the descriptions of technical features, technical solutions, or beneficial effects in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and beneficial effects described in this embodiment can be combined in any suitable manner. Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be implemented without one or more specific technical features, technical solutions, or beneficial effects of a particular embodiment. In other embodiments, additional technical features and beneficial effects may be identified in specific embodiments that do not embody all embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a dynamic charging method for a lithium battery provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the steps of dividing time periods provided in this application embodiment;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic charging device for lithium batteries provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0060] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or order of execution, and "first," "second," etc., do not necessarily imply differences.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0062] To address the technical problem of existing battery swapping stations' inability to adaptively select charging modes for various batteries, this application provides a dynamic charging method for lithium batteries. The method includes: analyzing the reserved fully charged battery capacity for each dynamic time period of the day; selecting high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved fully charged battery capacity, the remaining capacity of the lithium batteries, and their temperature; and adaptively charging the high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries. Based on this, the present invention can reduce battery reactive power loss while improving the lifespan of lithium batteries and the safety of battery swapping stations.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a dynamic charging method for lithium batteries includes:

[0064] S1. Obtain target data for each lithium battery within the lithium battery swapping station; the target data includes the remaining charge and temperature of the lithium battery.

[0065] S2. Divide the day into several time periods;

[0066] S3. Extract the reserved fully charged battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the current time period range;

[0067] S4. Select high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data;

[0068] S5. Charge the high-power rechargeable battery at high power.

[0069] S6. Adaptively charge the dynamic power charging battery based on the grid load of the current time period.

[0070] It should be noted that the lithium batteries analyzed in this application are all of the same model, or are artificially categorized as lithium batteries that can be analyzed in the same batch.

[0071] It should be noted that this application mainly serves lithium battery swapping stations for new energy vehicles.

[0072] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned S1 can be implemented by the following S101, which will be described in detail below:

[0073] S101. Obtain target data for each lithium battery within the lithium battery swapping station, including:

[0074] The remaining power of the lithium battery is obtained in real time through the power monitoring chip of the lithium battery; several temperatures of the lithium battery are obtained through several temperature sensors installed on the lithium battery, and the average, maximum and minimum values ​​of the several temperatures are obtained. The temperature of the lithium battery is obtained by weighting the maximum, average and minimum values.

[0075] It should be noted that in this application, the remaining power is the percentage of usable power in the battery relative to the nominal capacity, expressed in units of %.

[0076] It should be noted that in the calculation of the temperature of lithium battery by weighting the maximum, average and minimum values, the weights of the average, maximum and minimum values ​​are obtained by manual assignment. For example, the weight of the average is 0.5, the weight of the maximum value is 0.4 and the weight of the minimum value is 0.1.

[0077] In one possible implementation of the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 2 As shown, the above S2 can be implemented by the following S201, which will be explained in detail below:

[0078] S201. Divide the day into several time periods, including:

[0079] A1: When the time reaches the target time point for each date, extract the current lithium battery swapping station's data before the current date. The total number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping within a day is ZC; when the total number ZC is not less than the total number threshold, proceed to A2; when the total number ZC is less than the total number threshold, the duration RC of the current date's time period is set to the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, and proceed to A3; where the target time point is obtained manually, it is generally set to 0:01 of the current day; the total number threshold is determined based on the average number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping over several days in the historical data of the current lithium battery swapping station, specifically the average number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping multiplied by... The standard time range is determined based on the standard charging time of lithium batteries, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of the standard time range are proportional to the standard charging time of lithium batteries. It is obtained through manual settings, and the value is generally greater than 20;

[0080] A2: Move the current date to the nearest... The number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on each day is marked in chronological order as follows: The preceding steps are determined sequentially based on the calculation formula (1). The average change ratio PB within a day; the duration RC of the time period for the current date is determined based on formula (2). When the duration RC is greater than the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the maximum value. When the duration RC is less than the minimum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the minimum value. for Number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on different days The number, and The range of values ​​for is [1, ... ];

[0081] A3: Divide the current date into several time periods based on duration (RC);

[0082] The calculation formula (1) is:

[0083] ;

[0084] The calculation formula (2) is:

[0085] ;

[0086] Where ZY is the total threshold, and DZ is the median of the standard range for the time period; The amplitude adjustment coefficient is set based on experience, and The value range is (0,1).

[0087] It is worth noting that the dynamic time-sharing method based on the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping proposed in this application effectively improves the accuracy and flexibility of data analysis by dividing the day into several time periods and dynamically adjusting the duration of these time periods according to the real-time demand of the lithium battery swapping station. This application's dynamic time-sharing method better adapts to the actual operational needs of lithium battery swapping stations. Traditional time-sharing methods are usually based on fixed time periods, such as every hour or half-hour. While simple, this approach struggles to accurately reflect changes in the actual demand of swapping stations, especially when the number of waiting vehicles fluctuates significantly. In contrast, this application analyzes the data in real-time... By analyzing the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping each day and combining this with historical data to calculate the average change rate, we can more accurately predict the vehicle waiting situation for the current day. This allows us to dynamically adjust the duration of time periods, making the time allocation more aligned with the actual needs of lithium battery swapping stations.

[0088] It should be pointed out that when hour, The value of is 0.

[0089] It should be pointed out that, It is used for adjustment before The extent to which the average daily change rate PB affects the duration RC of the time period to the current date; assuming other conditions remain unchanged. The larger the time period of the current date, the greater the impact on RC. The smaller the duration of the current date's time period, the less impact RC will have.

[0090] For example, in this embodiment, the target time point is 0:01, the maximum value of the standard time range is 1 hour, and the minimum value of the standard time range is 30 minutes. The value is 30, and the total threshold is 900.

[0091] When the time reaches 0:01 of the current date, extract the total number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping at the current lithium battery swapping station in the 30 days prior to the current date, ZC=800; since the total number ZC=800 is less than the total threshold, the duration RC of the current date is set to 1 hour; based on the duration RC=1 hour, the current date is divided into several time periods.

[0092] When the time reaches 0:01 on the current date, extract the total number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping at the current lithium battery swapping station in the 30 days prior to the current date, ZC=1000; since the total number ZC=1000 is not less than the total threshold, mark the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping on each day in the 30 days prior to the current date in chronological order. Based on computation If the average change percentage PB over the previous 30 days is determined to be 0.05, then based on the calculation formula... The duration of the time period for the current date is determined to be RC = 36 minutes; based on the duration RC = 36 minutes, the current date is divided into several time periods; wherein, in this embodiment, the amplitude adjustment coefficient... The value is 0.4.

[0093] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned S3 can be implemented by the following S301, which will be described in detail below:

[0094] S301. Extract the reserved fully charged battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the current time range, including:

[0095] When the time reaches the first time point of each time period, the time range of the current time period is obtained, and the number of battery swaps in the current lithium battery swapping station over several days within the current time period is obtained. Several battery swaps are integrated into a subarray. The variance of the subarray is obtained, and it is determined whether the variance is less than a threshold value. If yes, the average value of the data in the subarray is calculated to obtain the characteristic number. If no, the battery swaps with the largest absolute difference from the average value in the subarray are removed, and the variance is re-evaluated until the variance of the subarray is less than the threshold value. Then, the average value of the data retained in the subarray is calculated to obtain the characteristic number. The threshold value is determined empirically.

[0096] Multiplying the characteristic number by the proportional adjustment coefficient 1 yields the reserved fully charged battery capacity of the current lithium battery swapping station in the current time period; where the proportional adjustment coefficient 1 is determined based on the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in history on the current date, and is directly proportional to the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping.

[0097] It should be noted that in the process of removing the number of battery swaps with the largest absolute value of the difference between the average value and the average value in the secondary array and re-performing the variance assessment, the average value in the secondary array is the average value of the number of battery swaps retained in the current variance assessment step.

[0098] It should be noted that if the number of battery swaps with the largest absolute value of the difference between the average number of battery swaps and the average number of swaps in the array has both a maximum number of battery swaps and a minimum number of battery swaps, then the minimum number of battery swaps should be removed first.

[0099] It should be noted that if, after removing 90% of the battery swapping times, the variance of the remaining battery swapping times is still not less than the threshold value, then the average value of the original battery swapping times in the subarray is used as the characteristic number.

[0100] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned S4 can be implemented by the following S401, which will be described in detail below:

[0101] S401. Based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data, select high-power rechargeable batteries and dynamic power rechargeable batteries, including:

[0102] B1: At the first time point of the current time period, extract the remaining power and temperature of each lithium battery in the current lithium battery swapping station, and obtain the number of lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station whose remaining power is not less than the power threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold; determine whether the number of lithium batteries is less than the reserved number of fully charged batteries; if yes, mark the lithium batteries whose remaining power is not less than the power threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold as candidate lithium batteries and jump to B2; if no, sort the lithium batteries whose remaining power is not less than the power threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold according to the temperature from low to high, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not greater than the number of reserved fully charged batteries as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station that are not marked as high-power charging batteries as dynamic power charging batteries; where the power threshold is determined based on the degradation of lithium batteries with power, it can generally be taken as 80%; the temperature threshold is determined in the laboratory based on the safety of lithium batteries at various temperatures;

[0103] B2: Extract the remaining capacity YD and temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is lower than the temperature threshold from the lithium batteries that are not marked as candidate lithium batteries, and determine the priority factor YZ by calculation formula (3), obtain the quantity difference CZ between the lithium batteries marked as candidate lithium batteries and the reserved full-charged battery quantity, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not less than the quantity difference CZ after sorting the priority factor YZ from large to small as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is less than the quantity difference CZ as dynamic power charging batteries;

[0104] B3: Lithium batteries with a temperature not lower than the temperature threshold are marked as dynamic power charging batteries;

[0105] The calculation formula (3) is:

[0106] ;

[0107] Wherein, PYD is the average remaining capacity of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries; PWD is the average temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries. and It is a proportional adjustment coefficient set based on experience, and , .

[0108] It is worth noting that this application significantly improves the overall operational efficiency and safety of lithium battery swapping stations by providing a dynamically partitioned lithium battery charging method, while also extending the lifespan of lithium batteries. This method dynamically partitions lithium batteries within the swapping station, categorizing them into high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries, thereby optimizing the allocation of lithium battery resources. Specifically, based on key parameters such as remaining battery capacity and temperature, combined with reserved fully charged battery capacity and target data, this method intelligently selects lithium batteries suitable for high-power charging, while classifying other lithium batteries as dynamic power charging batteries, ensuring optimal charging strategies for lithium batteries under different conditions.

[0109] The core advantage of this method lies in its ability to effectively reduce the charging load of low-capacity and high-temperature lithium batteries through dynamic partitioning and priority factor calculation, thereby avoiding battery performance degradation and safety hazards caused by overcharging or high temperature. Simultaneously, this method fully utilizes the storage potential of high-capacity and low-temperature lithium batteries, using them as the main source of energy storage, further improving the utilization efficiency of lithium batteries and the overall operational efficiency of the battery swapping station. Furthermore, by introducing formula (3) to calculate the priority factor, this method can intelligently sort and screen lithium batteries, ensuring the scientific and rational nature of the charging strategy. This dynamic partitioning and intelligent screening approach not only adapts to the real-time changes in the state of lithium batteries within the battery swapping station but also flexibly adjusts the charging mode according to actual needs, further enhancing the system's adaptability and reliability.

[0110] By applying this method, lithium battery swapping stations can achieve more efficient resource utilization, reduce energy waste during charging, and extend the lifespan of lithium batteries. This method significantly reduces safety hazards caused by high temperatures by lowering the charging load on high-temperature lithium batteries, thereby improving the overall safety of the swapping station.

[0111] Overall, the dynamic partitioning lithium battery charging method proposed in this application has significant technical advantages in improving lithium battery charging efficiency, extending battery life, reducing safety hazards, and optimizing resource utilization, providing strong technical support for the intelligent management and efficient operation of lithium battery swapping stations.

[0112] It should be noted that the quantity difference CZ is the number of fully charged batteries reserved minus the number of lithium batteries marked as candidate lithium batteries.

[0113] It should be noted that in step B2, when the total number of lithium batteries with priority factor YZ sorted from largest to smallest is less than the quantity difference CZ, all lithium batteries corresponding to priority factor YZ are marked as high-power rechargeable batteries. Then, lithium batteries with a temperature not lower than the temperature threshold are sorted from lowest to highest temperature, and batteries with lower numbers are marked as high-power rechargeable batteries in turn, until the number of high-power rechargeable batteries meets the reserved full-charged battery capacity, or until all lithium batteries with a temperature not lower than the temperature threshold are marked as high-power rechargeable batteries, then the marking stops. Among them, after the number of high-power rechargeable batteries meets the reserved full-charged battery capacity, the lithium batteries that are not marked as high-power rechargeable batteries are marked as dynamic power rechargeable batteries.

[0114] It should be noted that the proportional adjustment coefficient Because: What is multiplied is the data related to the remaining battery power YD, and The multiplier is the relevant data of temperature WD; for battery charging, safety is more important than the charging speed, and temperature is an indicator that directly affects battery charging. The remaining power YD is a factor that affects the charging speed. Therefore, the proportional adjustment coefficient of temperature WD in this invention is greater than the proportional adjustment coefficient of remaining power YD.

[0115] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned S5 can be implemented by the following S501, which will be described in detail below:

[0116] S501, High-power charging of high-power rechargeable batteries, including:

[0117] Obtain the maximum charging power corresponding to the high-power rechargeable battery, and charge the high-power rechargeable battery at high power according to the maximum charging power.

[0118] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned S6 can be implemented by the following S601 and S602, which are described in detail below:

[0119] S601. Adaptively charge the dynamic power charging battery based on the grid load of the current time period, including:

[0120] The process involves obtaining the total grid load of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located over several historical days, integrating these total grid loads into a grid load group, obtaining the variance of the total grid load in the load group, and determining whether the variance is less than the load variance threshold. If yes, the total grid load in the load group is retained; otherwise, the load group with the largest absolute value of the difference from the average total grid load is removed, and the variance determination is repeated until the variance of the load group is less than the load variance threshold. The remaining total grid load in the load group is then retained. The area where the lithium battery swapping station is located is manually divided, such as by town or county. The load variance threshold is obtained empirically.

[0121] Obtain the maximum, average, and minimum values ​​of the total power grid load retained in the power grid load group, and calculate the characteristic load TH by weighting the maximum, average, and minimum values;

[0122] When the characteristic load TH is not less than the load regulation threshold HZ of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, the dynamic charging curve of the corresponding lithium battery is constructed by interpolation with the time point in the current time period as the horizontal axis and the minimum charging power when the lithium battery is charging as the vertical axis; wherein, the load regulation threshold HZ is obtained according to the maximum load that the power grid in the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located can withstand.

[0123] When the characteristic load TH is less than the load control threshold HZ of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, the charging power GL of the lithium battery in the current time period is obtained based on the calculation formula (4). The time point in the current time period is used as the horizontal axis and the charging power GL is used as the vertical axis. The dynamic charging curve of the corresponding lithium battery is constructed by interpolation.

[0124] The lithium battery is charged according to the dynamic charging curve.

[0125] The calculation formula (4) is:

[0126] ;

[0127] Where ZG is the minimum charging power of the lithium battery, and DG is the maximum charging power of the lithium battery. The function is for finding the minimum value; The amplitude adjustment coefficient is set according to the maximum load capacity of the power grid in the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, and The value of is [0, 0.5].

[0128] It is worth noting that this application significantly improves the grid adaptability and charging efficiency of lithium battery swapping stations by adaptively charging the batteries based on the grid load of the current time period, while optimizing grid load management and ensuring the stability and safety of the charging process. This method analyzes and filters historical grid load data of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, and intelligently constructs a dynamic charging curve by combining load variance and load control thresholds, thereby achieving precise control of lithium battery charging power.

[0129] This method first obtains historical grid load data of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located within the current time period, and ensures the reliability of grid load data by calculating variance and screening stable load data. On this basis, the grid load situation in the current time period is judged by calculating the characteristic load TH and combining it with the load control threshold HZ. When the characteristic load TH is not less than the load control threshold HZ, the system constructs a dynamic charging curve based on the minimum charging power and uses interpolation to ensure that the charging process proceeds smoothly when the grid load is high, avoiding excessive impact on the grid. When the characteristic load TH is less than the load control threshold HZ, the system dynamically adjusts the charging power GL by calculating formula (4) to ensure that the charging power is maximized when the grid load is low, thereby improving charging efficiency and making full use of the remaining capacity of the grid.

[0130] In addition, this method introduces an amplitude adjustment coefficient. This method allows for flexible adjustment of charging power based on the maximum load capacity of the power grid in different areas, further enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the charging strategy. This dynamic charging method based on grid load not only effectively avoids grid overload and reduces safety hazards, but also improves the charging efficiency of lithium batteries and extends their lifespan. Furthermore, by optimizing the allocation of charging power, this method can balance charging demand across different time periods, improving the overall operational efficiency of the battery swapping station.

[0131] Overall, the dynamic charging method based on grid load proposed in this application achieves optimized management of the lithium battery charging process through intelligent analysis and control, significantly improving the grid adaptability and operating efficiency of lithium battery swapping stations, while reducing safety hazards, and providing strong technical support for the efficient utilization and sustainable development of green energy.

[0132] It should be noted that in the process of removing the total load in the power grid load group with the largest absolute value of the difference from the average value of the total power grid load and re-performing the variance judgment, the average value of the total power grid load in the power grid load group is the average value of the total power grid load retained in the current variance judgment step.

[0133] It should be noted that if the total grid load with the largest absolute value of the difference between the average value of the load and the total grid load in the grid load group has both the largest and the smallest total grid load, then the smallest total grid load should be removed first.

[0134] It should be noted that if, after removing 90% of the total grid load, the variance of the remaining total grid load is still not less than the load variance threshold, then the average value of the original total grid load of the grid load group is used as the characteristic frequency.

[0135] It should be noted that in the characteristic load TH obtained by weighting the maximum, average, and minimum values, the weights of the maximum, average, and minimum values ​​are obtained by manual assignment. For example, the weight of the average value is 0.5, the weight of the maximum value is 0.3, and the weight of the minimum value is 0.2.

[0136] It should be noted that the origin of the dynamic charging curve is the first point in time within the current time period where the charging power is 0.

[0137] It should be pointed out that, This is used to adjust the degree of influence of the characteristic load TH on the charging power GL of the lithium battery in the current time period; when other conditions remain unchanged, The larger the charging power, the greater the impact on GL. The smaller the charging power GL, the less it is affected.

[0138] S602. Charging the lithium battery according to the dynamic charging curve, including:

[0139] Divide the characteristic load TH corresponding to the current time period by the duration of the current time period to obtain the characteristic load DTH at each time point. Obtain the real-time grid load DH of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located at each time point within the current time period. Mark the value of the characteristic load DTH divided by the real-time grid load DH as the control ratio. Multiply the corresponding control ratio by the vertical coordinate value of each time point in the dynamic charging curve to obtain the final charging power.

[0140] When the final charging power is less than the minimum charging power of the lithium battery, the final charging power will be set to the minimum charging power of the lithium battery; when the final charging power is greater than the maximum charging power of the lithium battery, the final charging power will be set to the maximum charging power of the lithium battery.

[0141] The final charging power at each time point is used to charge the corresponding lithium battery.

[0142] The foregoing mainly describes the solutions of the embodiments of this application from the perspective of device implementation. It is understood that each device, for example, a dynamic charging device for lithium batteries, includes at least one of the hardware structures and software modules corresponding to the execution of each function in order to achieve the above-mentioned functions. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, in conjunction with the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software-driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0143] This application embodiment can divide a dynamic charging device for lithium batteries into functional units based on the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into separate functional units, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. It should be noted that the unit division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0144] When using integrated units, Figure 3 A possible structural schematic diagram of a dynamic charging device (referred to as communication device 30) for lithium batteries involved in the above embodiments is shown. The communication device 30 includes a processing unit 301 and a communication unit 302, and may also include a storage unit 303. Figure 3 The schematic diagram shown can be used to illustrate the structure of a dynamic charging device for lithium batteries involved in the above embodiments.

[0145] when Figure 3 The schematic diagram shown illustrates the structure of a dynamic charging device for lithium batteries involved in the above embodiments. The processing unit 301 is used to control and manage the operation of the dynamic charging device for lithium batteries, the communication unit 302 is used for the dynamic charging device for lithium batteries to communicate with other devices, and the storage unit 303 is used to store the program code and data of the dynamic charging device for lithium batteries.

[0146] For example, communication unit 302 is used to acquire target data of each lithium battery in the lithium battery swapping station; wherein, the target data includes the remaining power and temperature of the lithium battery;

[0147] The processing unit 301 is used to divide a day into several time periods, extract the reserved full-charge battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period; select high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data; perform high-power charging on the high-power charging batteries; and perform adaptive charging on the dynamic power charging batteries based on the grid load of the current time period.

[0148] Although this application has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art, by reviewing the accompanying drawings, disclosure, and appended claims, will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments in carrying out the claimed application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude multiple instances. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0149] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

[0150] Some of the data in the above calculation formula are obtained by removing dimensions and taking their numerical values. The calculation formula is a calculation formula that is closest to the real situation, obtained by software simulation of a large amount of collected data. The preset parameters and preset thresholds in the calculation formula are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation or obtained through simulation of a large amount of data.

Claims

1. A dynamic charging method for lithium batteries, characterized in that, include: Acquire target data for each lithium battery within the lithium battery swapping station; the target data includes the remaining charge and temperature of the lithium battery. Divide the day into several time periods, and extract the reserved full-charge battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period. High-power rechargeable batteries and dynamic power rechargeable batteries are selected based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data. High-power rechargeable batteries are charged at high power, and dynamic power rechargeable batteries are adaptively charged based on the grid load of the current time period. The division of a day into several time periods includes: A1: When the time reaches the target time point for each date, extract the current lithium battery swapping station's data before the current date. The total number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping within a day is ZC; when the total number ZC is not less than the total number threshold, proceed to A2; when the total number ZC is less than the total number threshold, the duration RC of the current date's time period is set to the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, and proceed to A3; wherein, the total number threshold is determined based on the average number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping over several days in the historical data of the current lithium battery swapping station; the standard range of the time period is determined based on the standard charging time of the lithium battery; A2: Move the current date to the nearest... The number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on each day is marked in chronological order as follows: The preceding steps are determined sequentially based on the calculation formula (1). The average change ratio PB within a day; the duration RC of the time period for the current date is determined based on formula (2). When the duration RC is greater than the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the maximum value. When the duration RC is less than the minimum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the minimum value. for Number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on different days The number, and The range of values ​​for is [1, ... ]; A3: Divide the current date into several time periods based on duration (RC); The calculation formula (1) is: ； The calculation formula (2) is: ； Where ZY is the total threshold, and DZ is the median of the standard range for the time period; It is the amplitude adjustment coefficient, and The value range is (0,1]; The selection of high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data includes: B1: At the first time point of the current time period, extract the remaining charge and temperature of each lithium battery in the current lithium battery swapping station, and obtain the number of lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station whose remaining charge is not less than the charge threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold; determine whether the number of lithium batteries is less than the reserved number of fully charged batteries; if yes, mark the lithium batteries whose remaining charge is not less than the charge threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold as candidate lithium batteries and jump to B2; if no, sort the lithium batteries whose remaining charge is not less than the charge threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold according to the temperature from low to high, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not greater than the number of reserved fully charged batteries as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station that are not marked as high-power charging batteries as dynamic power charging batteries; wherein, the charge threshold is determined based on the lithium battery degradation with charge; the temperature threshold is determined in the laboratory based on the safety of lithium batteries at various temperatures; B2: Extract the remaining capacity YD and temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is lower than the temperature threshold from the lithium batteries that are not marked as candidate lithium batteries, and determine the priority factor YZ by calculation formula (3), obtain the quantity difference CZ between the lithium batteries marked as candidate lithium batteries and the reserved full-charged battery quantity, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not less than the quantity difference CZ after sorting the priority factor YZ from large to small as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is less than the quantity difference CZ as dynamic power charging batteries; B3: Lithium batteries with a temperature not lower than the temperature threshold are marked as dynamic power charging batteries; The calculation formula (3) is: ； Wherein, PYD is the average remaining capacity of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries; PWD is the average temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries. and It is a proportional adjustment coefficient, and , .

2. The dynamic charging method for lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of extracting the reserved fully charged battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the current time period range includes: When the time reaches the first time point of each time period, the time range of the current time period is obtained, and the number of battery swaps in the current lithium battery swap station over several days in the current time period is obtained. Several battery swaps are integrated into a subarray. The variance of the subarray is obtained, and it is determined whether the variance is less than a threshold value. If yes, the average value of the data in the subarray is calculated to obtain the characteristic number. If no, the battery swaps with the largest absolute value of the difference from the average value in the subarray are removed, and the variance is re-evaluated until the variance of the subarray is less than the threshold value. Then, the average value of the data retained in the subarray is calculated to obtain the characteristic number. Multiplying the number of characteristic cycles by the proportional adjustment coefficient 1 yields the number of fully charged batteries reserved at the current lithium battery swapping station for the current time period; where the proportional adjustment coefficient 1 is determined based on the number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in the history of the current date.

3. The dynamic charging method for lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-power charging of the high-power rechargeable battery includes: Obtain the maximum charging power corresponding to the high-power rechargeable battery, and charge the high-power rechargeable battery at high power according to the maximum charging power.

4. The dynamic charging method for lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive charging of the dynamic power charging battery based on the grid load of the current time period includes: The system obtains the total grid load of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located over several historical days during the current time period. It integrates several total grid loads into a grid load group, obtains the variance of the total grid load in the grid load group, and determines whether the variance is less than the load variance threshold. If yes, it retains the total grid load in the grid load group; otherwise, it removes the total grid load in the grid load group with the largest absolute value of the difference from the average total grid load, and re-determines the variance until the variance of the grid load group is less than the load variance threshold. Then, it retains the remaining total grid load in the grid load group. Obtain the maximum, average, and minimum values ​​of the total power grid load retained in the power grid load group, and calculate the characteristic load TH by weighting the maximum, average, and minimum values; When the characteristic load TH is not less than the load regulation threshold HZ of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, the dynamic charging curve of the corresponding lithium battery is constructed by interpolation with the time point in the current time period as the horizontal axis and the minimum charging power when the lithium battery is charging as the vertical axis; wherein, the load regulation threshold HZ is obtained according to the maximum load that the power grid in the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located can withstand. When the characteristic load TH is less than the load control threshold HZ of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, the charging power GL of the lithium battery in the current time period is obtained based on the calculation formula (4). The time point in the current time period is used as the horizontal axis and the charging power GL is used as the vertical axis. The dynamic charging curve of the corresponding lithium battery is constructed by interpolation. The lithium battery is charged according to the dynamic charging curve. The calculation formula (4) is: ； Where ZG is the minimum charging power of the lithium battery, and DG is the maximum charging power of the lithium battery. The function is for finding the minimum value; The amplitude adjustment coefficient is set according to the maximum load capacity of the power grid in the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located, and The value of is [0, 0.5].

5. A dynamic charging method for lithium batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of charging the lithium battery according to the dynamic charging curve includes: Divide the characteristic load TH corresponding to the current time period by the duration of the current time period to obtain the characteristic load DTH at each time point. Obtain the real-time grid load DH of the area where the lithium battery swapping station is located at each time point within the current time period. Mark the value of the characteristic load DTH divided by the real-time grid load DH as the control ratio. Multiply the corresponding control ratio by the vertical coordinate value of each time point in the dynamic charging curve to obtain the final charging power. When the final charging power is less than the minimum charging power of the lithium battery, the final charging power will be set to the minimum charging power of the lithium battery; when the final charging power is greater than the maximum charging power of the lithium battery, the final charging power will be set to the maximum charging power of the lithium battery. The final charging power at each time point is used to charge the corresponding lithium battery.

6. The dynamic charging method for lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of target data for each lithium battery within the lithium battery swapping station includes: The remaining power of the lithium battery is obtained in real time through the power monitoring chip of the lithium battery; several temperatures of the lithium battery are obtained through several temperature sensors installed on the lithium battery, and the average, maximum and minimum values ​​of the several temperatures are obtained. The temperature of the lithium battery is obtained by weighting the maximum, average and minimum values.

7. A dynamic charging device for lithium batteries, characterized in that, The device includes: a communication unit and a processing unit; The communication unit is used to acquire target data of each lithium battery in the lithium battery swapping station; wherein, the target data includes the remaining power and temperature of the lithium battery; The processing unit is used to divide a day into several time periods, extract the reserved full-charge battery capacity for the current time period from historical data based on the time range of the current time period; select high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data; perform high-power charging on the high-power charging batteries; and perform adaptive charging on the dynamic power charging batteries based on the grid load of the current time period. The division of a day into several time periods includes: A1: When the time reaches the target time point for each date, extract the current lithium battery swapping station's data before the current date. The total number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping within a day is ZC; when the total number ZC is not less than the total number threshold, proceed to A2; when the total number ZC is less than the total number threshold, the duration RC of the current date's time period is set to the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, and proceed to A3; wherein, the total number threshold is determined based on the average number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping over several days in the historical data of the current lithium battery swapping station; the standard range of the time period is determined based on the standard charging time of the lithium battery; A2: Move the current date to the nearest... The number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on each day is marked in chronological order as follows: The preceding steps are determined sequentially based on the calculation formula (1). The average change ratio PB within a day; the duration RC of the time period for the current date is determined based on formula (2). When the duration RC is greater than the maximum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the maximum value. When the duration RC is less than the minimum value of the standard range of the time period, the duration RC is set to the minimum value. for Number of vehicles waiting for battery swapping in Tianzhong on different days The number, and The range of values ​​for is [1, ... ]; A3: Divide the current date into several time periods based on duration (RC); The calculation formula (1) is: ； The calculation formula (2) is: ； Where ZY is the total threshold, and DZ is the median of the standard range for the time period; It is the amplitude adjustment coefficient, and The value range is (0,1]; The selection of high-power charging batteries and dynamic power charging batteries based on the reserved full-charge battery capacity and target data includes: B1: At the first time point of the current time period, extract the remaining charge and temperature of each lithium battery in the current lithium battery swapping station, and obtain the number of lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station whose remaining charge is not less than the charge threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold; determine whether the number of lithium batteries is less than the reserved number of fully charged batteries; if yes, mark the lithium batteries whose remaining charge is not less than the charge threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold as candidate lithium batteries and jump to B2; if no, sort the lithium batteries whose remaining charge is not less than the charge threshold and whose temperature is less than the temperature threshold according to the temperature from low to high, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not greater than the number of reserved fully charged batteries as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries in the current lithium battery swapping station that are not marked as high-power charging batteries as dynamic power charging batteries; wherein, the charge threshold is determined based on the lithium battery degradation with charge; the temperature threshold is determined in the laboratory based on the safety of lithium batteries at various temperatures; B2: Extract the remaining capacity YD and temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is lower than the temperature threshold from the lithium batteries that are not marked as candidate lithium batteries, and determine the priority factor YZ by calculation formula (3), obtain the quantity difference CZ between the lithium batteries marked as candidate lithium batteries and the reserved full-charged battery quantity, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is not less than the quantity difference CZ after sorting the priority factor YZ from large to small as high-power charging batteries, and mark the lithium batteries whose serial number is less than the quantity difference CZ as dynamic power charging batteries; B3: Lithium batteries with a temperature not lower than the temperature threshold are marked as dynamic power charging batteries; The calculation formula (3) is: ； Wherein, PYD is the average remaining capacity of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries; PWD is the average temperature WD of lithium batteries whose temperature is below the temperature threshold among those not marked as candidate lithium batteries. and It is a proportional adjustment coefficient, and , .

8. A storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store instructions, which, when executed on a dynamic charging device for a lithium battery, cause the dynamic charging device for a lithium battery to perform a dynamic charging method for a lithium battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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