Variable friction damping unit for vibration reduction and isolation support, vibration reduction and isolation support and working method

Abstract

According to the variable friction damping unit for the vibration reduction and isolation support, the vibration reduction and isolation support and the working method, the damping effect generated by the variable friction damping unit is continuously changed, sudden collision between the support and the limiting check block can be avoided, therefore, structural movement is slowly controlled, and the working performance of the vertical vibration reduction and isolation support is improved. A right-hand threaded rod and a left-hand threaded rod are arranged on the movable friction rod; the upper rotating friction rod is in threaded connection with the right-hand threaded rod, and when the upper rotating friction rod rotates on the right-hand threaded rod through threads, the upper rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod are matched in a clutch mode, so that friction damping is eliminated or generated between the upper rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod; the lower rotating friction rod is in threaded connection with the left-hand threaded rod, and when the lower rotating friction rod rotates on the left-hand threaded rod through threads, the lower rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod are in clutch type fit, so that friction damping is eliminated or generated between the lower rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of engineering structure vibration reduction and isolation control technology, in particular to a variable friction damping unit for a vibration reduction and isolation support, a vibration reduction and isolation support and a working method, which is suitable for vibration reduction and isolation of industrial and civil buildings, equipment, instruments and the like. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vibration problems of adjacent buildings caused by environmental vibration such as subway and high-speed rail have a great impact on the safety of the structure and internal non-structural objects of the building, equipment function and human comfort. In particular, with the increase of train operating speed of high-speed rail and the like, the vibration impact is more intense. At the same time, China is a country with frequent earthquakes, and many subways and high-speed rails adjacent to buildings are located in earthquake zones, and the earthquake action poses a serious threat to the safety of the structure.

[0003] In order to reduce the influence of environmental vibration such as subway and high-speed rail, domestic and foreign researchers have widely carried out research on structure vibration reduction and isolation technology, and have developed vertical vibration reduction and isolation supports based on thick rubber, disc spring, steel spiral spring and air spring and other materials and components, and have carried out technical application in some projects, and have achieved good vibration reduction and isolation effect. As shown in the Chinese patent with the application number CN202510338992.7 and the name of a shock absorption and vibration isolation support. The vertical vibration reduction and isolation supports have a vibration reduction and isolation frequency mainly concentrated in 3-8Hz. This frequency band has a large coincidence probability with the main vibration frequency of ground motion, which may cause resonance effect, and in extreme cases, the displacement of the vertical vibration reduction and isolation support may exceed the limit, affecting the safety of the support and the structure.

[0004] In order to avoid damage to the support, a limit stop is usually provided on the vertical vibration reduction and isolation support. However, under the action of earthquake, the support and the limit stop are prone to sudden collision, which may cause excessive acceleration and stress of the structure in local area, and even may cause damage to the support. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a variable friction damping unit for a vibration reduction and isolation support, a vibration reduction and isolation support and a working method with reasonable structure design, which can avoid sudden collision of the support and the limit stop, so as to solve the defects in the above background technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above problems is: The variable friction damping unit for vibration isolation bearings includes a movable friction rod and a rotating friction rod assembly. The rotating friction rod assembly includes an upper rotating friction rod and a lower rotating friction rod. The movable friction rod is provided with a right-hand threaded rod and a left-hand threaded rod. The upper rotating friction rod is threadedly connected to the right-hand threaded rod. When the upper rotating friction rod rotates on the right-hand threaded rod, it engages with the movable friction rod in a clutch-like manner to eliminate or generate friction damping between the upper rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod. The lower rotating friction rod is threadedly connected to the left-hand threaded rod. When the lower rotating friction rod rotates on the left-hand threaded rod, it engages with the movable friction rod in a clutch-like manner to eliminate or generate friction damping between the lower rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the present invention provides an upper rotating friction surface on the upper rotating friction rod and a rear friction surface on the movable friction rod, the rear friction surface engaging with the upper rotating friction surface; a lower rotating friction surface on the lower rotating friction rod and a front friction surface on the movable friction rod, the front friction surface engaging with the lower rotating friction surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower end of the upper rotating friction rod of the present invention is provided with an upper rotating threaded hole, which is threadedly connected to a right-hand threaded rod; the upper end of the lower rotating friction rod is provided with a lower rotating threaded hole, which is threadedly connected to a left-hand threaded rod.

[0009] Furthermore, under normal circumstances, the present invention leaves gaps between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, and between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating friction rod assembly of the present invention is a pair, respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the movable friction rod; both ends of the movable friction rod are provided with a right-hand threaded rod and a left-hand threaded rod; in the left rotating friction rod assembly, the upper rotating threaded hole is threadedly connected to the right-hand threaded rod at the left end of the movable friction rod, and the lower rotating threaded hole is threadedly connected to the left-hand threaded rod at the left end of the movable friction rod; in the right rotating friction rod assembly, the upper rotating threaded hole is threadedly connected to the right-hand threaded rod at the right end of the movable friction rod, and the lower rotating threaded hole is threadedly connected to the left-hand threaded rod at the right end of the movable friction rod.

[0011] The vibration damping and isolation support includes a vertical vibration isolation unit, which comprises a vertical vibration isolation element, a mounting top plate, and a mounting base plate. The upper and lower ends of the vertical vibration isolation element are connected to the mounting top plate and the mounting base plate. It also includes the aforementioned variable friction damping unit. The upper end of the upper rotating friction rod is hinged to the mounting top plate, and the lower end is threaded to a right-hand threaded rod. The lower end of the lower rotating friction rod is hinged to the mounting base plate, and the upper end is threaded to a left-hand threaded rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating friction rod assembly of the present invention also includes an upper ear plate and a lower ear plate, the upper ear plate being fixed on the mounting top plate and the lower ear plate being fixed on the mounting top plate; the upper end of the upper rotating friction rod is hinged to the upper ear plate and the lower end of the lower rotating friction rod is hinged to the lower ear plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end of the upper rotating friction rod of the present invention is provided with an upper rotating pin hole, and the upper ear plate is provided with an upper ear plate pin hole. The upper rotating pin hole and the upper ear plate pin hole are connected by a pin.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower end of the lower rotating friction rod of the present invention is provided with a lower rotating pin hole, and the lower ear plate is provided with a lower ear plate pin hole, and the lower rotating pin hole and the lower ear plate pin hole are connected by a pin.

[0015] The working method of the vibration damping and isolation bearing is characterized by the following process: (1) Under normal circumstances: When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a small upward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed into the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated or slightly engaged state, so the pressure between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface is 0 or small, thus achieving 0 or small rotational friction force. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, and there is no pressure between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface, so the rotational friction force is 0. When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a small downward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, so there is no pressure between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, and the rotational friction force is zero. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed into the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated or slightly engaged state, and the pressure generated between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface is zero or small, thereby achieving zero or small rotational friction force. (2) Under earthquake action: When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a large upward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed into the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in an engaged state, so a large pressure is generated between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, thus achieving a large rotational friction force. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, and there is no pressure between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface, so the rotational friction force is 0. When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a large downward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, so there is no pressure between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, and the rotational friction force is 0. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed into the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in an engaged state, and a large pressure is generated between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface, thereby achieving a large rotational friction force.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: 1. The design of the variable friction damping unit gives the vertical vibration reduction and isolation support a unique variable friction function.

[0017] Under environmental vibrations such as those experienced by subways and high-speed railways, the displacement of vertical vibration isolation supports is relatively small. In this case, the smaller the friction damping, the better the vibration isolation effect. Under seismic loading, the displacement of vertical vibration isolation supports is relatively large. In this case, the larger the friction damping, the better to prevent excessive displacement of the supports from causing damage. Traditional friction damping generally has a constant friction surface pressure. When applied to vertical vibration isolation supports, the friction force characteristics of the supports at small and large displacements are similar, which cannot simultaneously meet the friction damping requirements under both environmental vibrations such as those experienced by subways and high-speed railways and seismic loading.

[0018] The design of the variable friction damping unit in this invention endows the vertical vibration reduction and isolation support with a unique variable friction function, such as... Figure 1 As shown, when the support displacement is small, the friction damping is small, which is suitable for vibration reduction and isolation under environmental vibrations such as subways and high-speed railways; when the support displacement is large, the friction damping is large, which is suitable for reducing support displacement and protecting the support under seismic action.

[0019] 2. Traditional vertical vibration isolation bearings generally employ limiting blocks to restrict excessive deformation under seismic loading. However, using limiting blocks can easily lead to sudden collisions between the bearing and the limiting blocks, causing problems such as excessive local acceleration and stress in the structure, and may even result in bearing failure. The variable friction damping unit of this invention produces a continuously varying damping effect, which can avoid sudden collisions between the bearing and the limiting blocks, thereby slowly controlling the structural motion and improving the performance of the vertical vibration isolation bearing.

[0020] 3. Traditional friction damping units mainly use bolts of fixed length to fix multiple friction plates, and the pressure between the friction plates remains constant. The variable friction damping unit of this invention has internally threaded holes on the upper and lower rotating friction rods, which directly match the bolts on the moving friction rods. As the vibration damping support moves, the bolts on the moving friction rods are screwed into or out of the upper and lower rotating friction rods, thereby changing the pressure and rotational friction between the friction plates.

[0021] 4. The bolts connecting the upper rotating friction rod to the corresponding moving friction rod of the variable friction damping unit use right-hand threads, while the bolts connecting the lower rotating friction rod to the corresponding moving friction rod use left-hand threads, thus achieving a bidirectional variable damping effect. When the angle between the upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod of the variable friction damping unit increases, the pressure between them increases, and the rotational friction increases; when the angle between the upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod of the variable friction damping unit decreases, the pressure between them decreases, and the rotational friction decreases. When the angle between the lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod of the variable friction damping unit increases, the pressure between them decreases, and the rotational friction decreases; when the angle between the lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod of the variable friction damping unit decreases, the pressure between them increases, and the rotational friction increases. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A comparison diagram of traditional friction damping and variable friction damping; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first vertical vibration reduction and isolation unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second vertical vibration reduction and isolation unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical seismic isolation unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable friction damping unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable friction rod disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the upper rotating friction rod and the lower rotating friction rod disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial connection diagram of the upper rotating friction rod with the mounting top plate, the movable friction rod, and the lower rotating friction rod disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical vibration reduction and isolation support with variable friction damping for adjusting bolt preload disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, applied to a building structure. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0024] I. Please refer to Figure 2 The vertical vibration reduction and isolation support with variable friction damping for adjusting bolt preload according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vertical vibration reduction and isolation unit 10 and a variable friction damping unit 20; there are several variable friction damping units 20, which are arranged around the vertical vibration reduction and isolation unit 10; in this embodiment, there are four variable friction damping units 20.

[0025] Please see Figures 2 to 4 The vertical vibration damping and isolation unit 10 includes a vertical vibration damping and isolation element 101, a mounting top plate 102, and a mounting bottom plate 103.

[0026] Both the top plate 102 and the bottom plate 103 are quadrilateral. The vertical vibration damping and isolation element 101 includes an elastic element 1011 and a connecting end plate 1012. The connecting end plate 1012 is fixedly disposed at both ends of the elastic element 1011. The upper and lower ends of the vertical vibration damping and isolation element 101 are connected to the top plate 102 and the bottom plate 103 through the connecting end plate 1012 by welding, bolting, or other methods. The vertical vibration damping and isolation unit 10 mainly performs the function of vertical vibration damping and isolation, and it is the main functional component of the vertical vibration damping and isolation of this invention. During the operation of the vertical vibration damping and isolation support, the vibration damping and isolation function is achieved through the expansion and contraction of the elastic element 1011, and its expansion and contraction direction is consistent with the working direction of the vertical vibration damping and isolation support. Under normal conditions, due to the self-weight of the upper structure, the elastic element 1011 is in a compressed state. Figure 4 As shown, in practical applications, the elastic element 1011 can be a steel helical spring or a thick rubber support. To meet the vertical vibration reduction and isolation requirements, multiple elastic elements 1011 can be set to work together to perform the vibration reduction and isolation function. Of course, depending on the site conditions, only one elastic element 1011 can be set.

[0027] Please see Figures 2-5The variable friction damping unit 20 includes a movable friction rod 201 and a rotating friction rod assembly. The rotating friction rod assembly includes an upper rotating friction rod 202, a lower rotating friction rod 204, an upper ear plate 203, and a lower ear plate 205. The mounting top plate 102, the mounting bottom plate 103, and the variable friction damping unit 20 are all made of steel.

[0028] Please see Figure 6 The movable friction rod 201 has a right-hand threaded rod 2011 and a left-hand threaded rod 2012 fixed at both ends, and a rear friction surface 2013 and a front friction surface 2014 are provided at both ends.

[0029] The upper ear plate 203 is fixed to the bottom edge of the mounting top plate 102, and the lower ear plate 205 is fixed to the top edge of the mounting top plate 103. Both the upper ear plate 203 and the lower ear plate 205 are double-plate structures. The upper ear plate 203 is provided with an upper ear plate pin hole 2031, and the lower ear plate 205 is provided with a lower ear plate pin hole 2051.

[0030] Please see Figure 7 The upper rotating friction rod 202 has an upper rotating pin hole 2021 at its upper end and an upper rotating threaded hole 2022 at its lower end, with an upper rotating friction surface 2023 surrounding the upper rotating threaded hole 2022. The lower rotating friction rod 204 has a lower rotating threaded hole 2042 at its upper end and a lower rotating pin hole 2041 at its lower end, with a lower rotating friction surface 2043 surrounding the lower rotating threaded hole 2042.

[0031] Please see Figures 2 to 7 The upper rotating pin hole 2021 and the upper ear plate pin hole 2031 are connected by the upper pin 2032, so that the upper end of the upper rotating friction rod 202 is hinged to the upper ear plate 203, and then the upper end of the upper rotating friction rod 202 is hinged to the mounting top plate 102; the lower rotating pin hole 2041 and the lower ear plate pin hole 2051 are connected by the lower pin 2052, so that the lower end of the lower rotating friction rod 204 is hinged to the lower ear plate 205, and then the lower end of the lower rotating friction rod 204 is hinged to the mounting base plate 103.

[0032] The rotating friction rod assemblies are in pairs, respectively located on the left and right sides of the movable friction rod 201. In the left rotating friction rod assembly, the upper rotating threaded hole 2022 is threadedly connected to the right-hand threaded rod 2011 at the left end of the movable friction rod 201, and the lower rotating threaded hole 2042 is threadedly connected to the left-hand threaded rod 2012 at the left end of the movable friction rod 201. Similarly, in the right rotating friction rod assembly, the upper rotating threaded hole 2022 is threadedly connected to the right-hand threaded rod 2011 at the right end of the movable friction rod 201, and the lower rotating threaded hole 2042 is threadedly connected to the left-hand threaded rod 2012 at the right end of the movable friction rod 201.

[0033] The lower end of the upper rotating friction rod 202 is engaged with the movable friction rod 201 in a clutch-like manner. That is, when the upper rotating friction rod 202 rotates on the right-hand threaded rod 2011 through the upper rotating threaded hole 2022, the lower end of the upper rotating friction rod 202 can separate from or engage with the movable friction rod 201 to eliminate or generate frictional damping between the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the movable friction rod 201. The upper end of the lower rotating friction rod 204 is engaged with the movable friction rod 201 in a clutch-like manner. That is, when the upper end of the lower rotating friction rod 204 rotates on the left-hand threaded rod 2012 through the lower rotating threaded hole 2042, the upper end of the lower rotating friction rod 204 can separate from or engage with the movable friction rod 201 to eliminate or generate frictional damping between the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the movable friction rod 201. The rear friction surface 2013 mates with the upper rotating friction surface 2023. The separation or engagement of the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201 is achieved through the separation or engagement of the rear friction surface 2013 and the upper rotating friction surface 2023. The front friction surface 2014 mates with the lower rotating friction surface 2043. The separation or engagement of the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201 is achieved through the separation or engagement of the front friction surface 2014 and the lower rotating friction surface 2043.

[0034] Please see Figure 8 Under normal circumstances, a certain gap 30 is maintained between the rear friction surface 2013 and the upper rotating friction surface 2023, and between the front friction surface 2014 and the lower rotating friction surface 2043. This gap 30 is designed to ensure that the frictional damping between the rear friction surface 2013 and the upper rotating friction surface 2023, and between the front friction surface 2014 and the lower rotating friction surface 2043, is zero during small-amplitude vibrations in environments such as subways and high-speed trains. It also accommodates the movement space required by the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the lower rotating friction rod 204 when the right-hand threaded rod 2011 and the left-hand threaded rod 2012 are screwed into or out of the upper rotating threaded hole 2022 and the lower rotating threaded hole 2042, respectively. The size of the gap 30 needs to be specifically designed according to the actual vibration control objectives. After the upper ear plate 203 and the lower ear plate 205 are connected to the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the lower rotating friction rod 204, a certain gap 30 is also maintained between the plates, ensuring that the frictional damping between the plates is zero.

[0035] In a further preferred embodiment, according to the damping design requirements, the rear friction surface 2013, the front friction surface 2014, the upper rotating friction surface 2023, and the lower rotating friction surface 2043 can be fixed with friction materials of different properties as needed.

[0036] Please see Figure 9This invention discloses a variable friction damping vertical vibration reduction and isolation support for adjusting bolt preload, which is applied to the bottom of a building structure 40 to achieve vibration control under environmental vibrations such as those from subways and high-speed railways. Under the self-weight of the building structure, the vertical vibration reduction and isolation unit 10 and the variable friction damping unit 20 are in a balanced position.

[0037] II. The working method of vibration damping and isolation bearings includes the following process: (1) Please refer to Figures 2 to 9 Under the environmental vibration of subways, high-speed trains, and other conventional conditions, when the vertical vibration isolation unit 10 experiences a small upward vertical displacement from its equilibrium position under the weight of the building structure, the upper rotating friction rod 202 rotates counterclockwise, resulting in a small angle change between the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201. The right-hand threaded rod 2011 is screwed into the upper rotating threaded hole 2022, but the screwing amount is small. The upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201 are either separated or in a state of slight engagement. Therefore, the rear friction surface 2013... The pressure between the upper rotating friction surface 2023 and the lower rotating friction rod 204 is 0 or small, thus achieving 0 or small rotational friction. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 rotates clockwise, and the angle between the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201 also changes slightly. The left-hand threaded rod 2012 is screwed out of the lower rotating threaded hole 2042, but the screwing out amount is small. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201 are separated, and there is no pressure between the front friction surface 2014 and the lower rotating friction surface 2043, so the rotational friction is 0.

[0038] Under the environmental vibration of subways, high-speed trains, and other conventional conditions, when the vertical vibration damping and isolation unit 10 experiences a small downward vertical displacement from its equilibrium position under the building structure's self-weight, the upper rotating friction rod 202 rotates clockwise, resulting in a small angle change between the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201. The right-hand threaded rod 2011 is screwed out of the upper rotating threaded hole 2022, but the screwing amount is small, and the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201 are in a separated state. Therefore, the rear friction surface 2013 and the upper rotating friction surface 202 are in a separated state. There is no pressure between 3, and the rotational friction is 0. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 rotates counterclockwise, and the angle between the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201 also changes slightly. The left-hand threaded rod 2012 is screwed into the lower rotating threaded hole 2042, but the screwing amount is small. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201 are in a separated or slightly engaged state. The pressure between the front friction surface 2014 and the lower rotating friction surface 2043 is 0 or small, thus achieving 0 or small rotational friction.

[0039] (2) Under seismic action, when the vertical vibration reduction and isolation unit 10 undergoes a large upward vertical displacement from its equilibrium position under the self-weight of the building structure, the upper rotating friction rod 202 rotates counterclockwise, resulting in a large angle change between the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201. The right-hand threaded rod 2011 is screwed into the upper rotating threaded hole 2022, but the screwing amount is large. The upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201 are in a relatively large engagement state, so the rear friction surface 2013 and the upper rotating friction rod 201 are in a relatively large engagement state. The friction surfaces 2023 generate significant pressure, resulting in a large rotational friction force. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 rotates clockwise, and a large angle change occurs between the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201. The left-hand threaded rod 2012 is screwed out of the lower rotating threaded hole 2042, but the screwing amount is large. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201 are separated, and there is no pressure between the front friction surface 2014 and the lower rotating friction surface 2043, resulting in zero rotational friction force.

[0040] Under seismic action, when the vertical vibration isolation unit 10 experiences a significant downward vertical displacement from its equilibrium position under the building structure's self-weight, the upper rotating friction rod 202 rotates clockwise, resulting in a large angle change between the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201. The right-hand threaded rod 2011 is screwed out of the upper rotating threaded hole 2022, but the screwing out amount is large, and the upper rotating friction rod 202 and the moving friction rod 201 are in a separated state. Therefore, there is no pressure between the rear friction surface 2013 and the upper rotating friction surface 2023, and the rotational friction force is 0. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 rotates counterclockwise, and a significant angle change also occurs between the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201. The left-hand threaded rod 2012 is screwed into the lower rotating threaded hole 2042, but the screwing in amount is large. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod 204 and the moving friction rod 201 are in a largely engaged state, and a large pressure is generated between the front friction surface 2014 and the lower rotating friction surface 2043, thereby achieving a large rotational friction force.

[0041] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable friction damping unit for vibration isolation bearings, characterized in that: The system includes a movable friction rod and a rotating friction rod assembly. The rotating friction rod assembly includes an upper rotating friction rod and a lower rotating friction rod. The movable friction rod is provided with a right-hand threaded rod and a left-hand threaded rod. The upper rotating friction rod is threadedly connected to the right-hand threaded rod. When the upper rotating friction rod rotates on the right-hand threaded rod, it engages with the movable friction rod in a clutch-like manner to eliminate or generate frictional damping between the upper rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod. The lower rotating friction rod is threadedly connected to the left-hand threaded rod. When the lower rotating friction rod rotates on the left-hand threaded rod, it engages with the movable friction rod in a clutch-like manner to eliminate or generate frictional damping between the lower rotating friction rod and the movable friction rod.

2. The variable friction damping unit for vibration reduction and isolation bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper rotating friction surface is provided on the upper rotating friction rod, and a rear friction surface is provided on the moving friction rod, with the rear friction surface engaging with the upper rotating friction surface; a lower rotating friction surface is provided on the lower rotating friction rod, and a front friction surface is provided on the moving friction rod, with the front friction surface engaging with the lower rotating friction surface.

3. The variable friction damping unit for vibration isolation bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the upper rotating friction rod is provided with an upper rotating threaded hole, which is threadedly connected to a right-hand threaded rod; the upper end of the lower rotating friction rod is provided with a lower rotating threaded hole, which is threadedly connected to a left-hand threaded rod.

4. The variable friction damping unit for vibration isolation bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that: Under normal circumstances, there are gaps between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, and between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface.

5. The variable friction damping unit for vibration isolation bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating friction rod assemblies are a pair, respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the movable friction rod; both ends of the movable friction rod are provided with a right-hand threaded rod and a left-hand threaded rod; in the left rotating friction rod assembly, the upper rotating threaded hole is threaded to the right-hand threaded rod at the left end of the movable friction rod, and the lower rotating threaded hole is threaded to the left-hand threaded rod at the left end of the movable friction rod; in the right rotating friction rod assembly, the upper rotating threaded hole is threaded to the right-hand threaded rod at the right end of the movable friction rod, and the lower rotating threaded hole is threaded to the left-hand threaded rod at the right end of the movable friction rod.

6. A vibration damping and isolation support, comprising a vertical vibration isolation unit, the vertical vibration isolation unit comprising a vertical vibration isolation element, a mounting top plate and a mounting bottom plate, the upper and lower ends of the vertical vibration isolation element being connected to the mounting top plate and the mounting bottom plate, characterized in that: It also includes the variable friction damping unit as described in any one of claims 3-5; the upper end of the upper rotating friction rod is hinged to the mounting top plate, and the lower end is threaded to a right-hand threaded rod; the lower end of the lower rotating friction rod is hinged to the mounting base plate, and the upper end is threaded to a left-hand threaded rod.

7. The vibration damping and isolation bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating friction rod assembly further includes an upper ear plate and a lower ear plate. The upper ear plate is fixed on the mounting top plate, and the lower ear plate is fixed on the mounting top plate. The upper end of the upper rotating friction rod is hinged to the upper ear plate, and the lower end of the lower rotating friction rod is hinged to the lower ear plate.

8. The vibration damping and isolation bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the upper rotating friction rod is provided with an upper rotating pin hole, and the upper ear plate is provided with an upper ear plate pin hole. The upper rotating pin hole and the upper ear plate pin hole are connected by a pin.

9. The vibration damping and isolation support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the lower rotating friction rod is provided with a lower rotating pin hole, and the lower ear plate is provided with a lower ear plate pin hole. The lower rotating pin hole and the lower ear plate pin hole are connected by a pin.

10. The working method of the vibration damping and isolation bearing according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that: The process includes the following: (1) Under normal circumstances: When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a small upward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed into the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated or slightly engaged state, so the pressure between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface is 0 or small, thus achieving 0 or small rotational friction force. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, and there is no pressure between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface, so the rotational friction force is 0. When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a small downward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, so there is no pressure between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, and the rotational friction force is zero. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed into the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is small. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated or slightly engaged state, and the pressure generated between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface is zero or small, thereby achieving zero or small rotational friction force. (2) Under earthquake action: When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a large upward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed into the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in an engaged state, so a large pressure is generated between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, thus achieving a large rotational friction force. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, and there is no pressure between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface, so the rotational friction force is 0. When the vertical vibration damping unit generates a large downward vertical displacement, the upper rotating friction rod rotates clockwise, and the right-hand threaded rod is screwed out of the upper rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The upper rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in a separated state, so there is no pressure between the rear friction surface and the upper rotating friction surface, and the rotational friction force is 0. At this time, the lower rotating friction rod rotates counterclockwise, and the left-hand threaded rod is screwed into the lower rotating threaded hole, but the screwing amount is large. The lower rotating friction rod and the moving friction rod are in an engaged state, and a large pressure is generated between the front friction surface and the lower rotating friction surface, thereby achieving a large rotational friction force.

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