Vibration absorber
By combining intelligent fluid and electromagnetic spring vibration reduction mechanisms and using frequency tracking algorithms to adjust damping and stiffness, the problem of insufficient vibration reduction of existing vibration absorbers in complex vibration scenarios is solved, achieving more comprehensive vibration reduction effect and robustness.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511174243.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration absorbers have limited vibration reduction effects in complex vibration scenarios, especially under multi-frequency coupling and environmental interference, where constant damping leads to insufficient response speed and shock resistance.
A combined vibration reduction mechanism using intelligent fluid and electromagnetic springs is employed. Damping and stiffness are adjusted through a frequency tracking algorithm, and combined with a stiffness amplification mechanism, to achieve coordinated adjustment of damping and stiffness, adapting to complex vibration scenarios.
In complex vibration scenarios, it achieves a more comprehensive vibration reduction effect, improves robustness and energy absorption capacity, adapts to various vibration scenarios, and reduces energy consumption and mechanical losses.
Smart Images
Figure CN121007196A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical vibration reduction, in particular to a vibration absorber. BACKGROUND
[0002] Many current vibration absorbers use electrorheological fluid, but the damping change of electrorheological fluid alone has limited effect on vibration reduction. In complex external vibration scenarios, the vibration reduction effect is limited. Complex scenarios are often accompanied by temperature, humidity, vibration impact and other environmental disturbances, and the performance of electrorheological fluid is extremely sensitive to these factors. Temperature rise will reduce the viscosity of the base fluid, resulting in an increase in the base damping without an electric field; low temperature will accelerate the sedimentation rate of the particles, weakening the uniformity of the electric field response; long-term strong vibration may also damage the stability of the particle chain, causing damping adjustment precision drift. The vibration in complex scenarios is often a composite vibration with multiple frequencies coupled, and the vibration reduction system needs to have frequency selective suppression capability. However, the dynamic vibration absorber with constant damping has the following problems: increasing the damping can quickly dissipate the absorbed energy, but it will reduce the response speed of the vibration absorber, so it cannot effectively track and absorb the energy of high-frequency vibration; reducing the damping is beneficial to suppressing the resonance effect of the main structure, but it reduces its ability to resist large impacts.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a vibration absorber to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a vibration absorber to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, so as to have good vibration reduction effect and timely adjust the stiffness.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:
[0006] The present application provides a vibration absorber, which comprises a shell, a liquid storage cavity, a mass block and an electromagnetic spring, the liquid storage cavity is arranged in the shell, and the liquid storage cavity is filled with intelligent fluid, the mass block is arranged in the shell, and the bottom of the mass block extends into the intelligent fluid, the electromagnetic spring is fixedly connected to the shell, and the output end of the electromagnetic spring is rotatably connected to the mass block, and the extension direction of the rotation axis is parallel to the height direction of the shell.
[0007] In some embodiments, a stiffness amplification mechanism is further included, the stiffness amplification mechanism comprises a support rod, a resistance rod and a lever, one end of the support rod is rotationally connected to the lever, the resistance rod is rotationally connected to the lever, the lever is rotationally connected to the mass block, and the node where the lever is connected to the mass block is located between the connection point of the support rod and the lever and the connection point of the resistance rod and the lever, the output end of the electromagnetic spring is fixedly connected to one end of the resistance rod away from the lever, one end of the support rod away from the lever is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell, and the rotation axes of the lever and the resistance rod, the rotation axes of the lever and the support rod, and the rotation axes of the lever and the mass block are parallel to each other.
[0008] In some embodiments, a circular hole and a strip-shaped hole are arranged on the lever, one end of the support rod close to the lever is rotationally connected to the lever through a first bearing, the first bearing is arranged in the circular hole, a second bearing and a third bearing are arranged in the strip-shaped hole, the middle part of the lever is rotationally connected to the mass block through the second bearing, and the lever and the resistance rod are rotationally connected through the third bearing.
[0009] In some embodiments, a power rod is further included, the power rod is fixedly arranged on the top of the mass block, the power rod is rotationally connected to the lever, the end of the resistance rod close to the lever, the end of the support rod close to the lever and the end of the power rod close to the lever are all provided with recesses, the recesses are sleeved on the outside of the lever, the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly connected to the support rod through a first pin, the inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly connected to the power rod through a second pin, and the inner ring of the third bearing is fixedly connected to the resistance rod through a third pin.
[0010] In some embodiments, a plurality of polar plates and a plurality of shear plates are further included, the polar plates are fixedly arranged in the shell and located in the liquid storage cavity and arranged perpendicularly to the bottom plate of the shell, the shear plate is provided with a clamping groove at the central position of the top, the mass block is fixedly clamped in the clamping groove, and the shear plate is arranged between a plurality of the polar plates.
[0011] In some embodiments, the shell comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, the side plate is fixedly and perpendicularly arranged above the bottom plate, a plurality of polar plate grooves are arranged on the bottom plate, the polar plate grooves are used for clamping the polar plates, and a side plate groove is arranged at the edge of the bottom plate, the side plate groove is used for clamping the side plate.
[0012] In some embodiments, the polar plate comprises a positive polar plate and a negative polar plate, the positive polar plate and the negative polar plate are arranged in sequence, the positive polar plate and the negative polar plate are provided with a wiring hole, and the wiring hole of the positive polar plate and the wiring hole of the negative polar plate are oppositely arranged and face different directions.
[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of linear bearings each comprises an optical axis and two sliding blocks, and the two sides of the mass block are fixedly connected with one of the sliding blocks, and the two ends of the optical axis are fixedly connected with the side walls of the shell.
[0014] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic spring comprises a shell, an inner support frame, an extension shaft, a permanent magnet, a fixing piece, an electromagnetic coil and a separation block, the inner support frame is fixedly arranged in the shell, the extension shaft is slidably arranged in the inner support frame, the extension shaft is fixedly connected with the resistance rod, the permanent magnet is fixedly sleeved outside the extension shaft, the two sides of the permanent magnet are provided with the fixing piece, the fixing piece is fixedly connected with the extension shaft, the separation block is fixedly sleeved outside the support frame, and the two sides of the separation block are provided with the electromagnetic coil, and the electromagnetic coil is fixedly sleeved outside the inner support frame.
[0015] In some embodiments, the intelligent fluid is a giant electro-rheological fluid.
[0016] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:
[0017] The damping of the intelligent fluid in the liquid storage cavity of the vibration absorber can change, the mass block extends into the intelligent fluid at one end, a certain degree of vibration reduction is realized, the strength of the magnetic field can be changed by changing the current of the coil of the electromagnetic spring, the output force of the electromagnetic spring can be changed by changing the strength of the magnetic field, that is, the stiffness of the electromagnetic spring is changed. When the frequency of the external vibration excitation changes, the main frequency can be obtained by the frequency tracking algorithm, then the overall stiffness of the vibration absorber is adjusted to be consistent with the main frequency of the vibration of the main structure according to the relationship between the electromagnetic stiffness and the excitation current, so that the energy absorption capacity of the vibration absorber is maximized. The double vibration reduction effect of the electromagnetic spring and the intelligent fluid makes the vibration reduction effect better, and the stiffness of the electromagnetic spring can be adjusted in real time according to the size of the external vibration. With the double vibration reduction mechanism of the intelligent fluid and the electromagnetic spring, the synergistic effect of damping adjustment and stiffness adjustment is realized. The intelligent fluid can suppress vibration energy by changing the damping, and the electromagnetic spring can further absorb vibrations of different intensities and frequencies by adjusting the stiffness, compared with a single damping method (such as relying only on fluid damping or mechanical spring), the suppression effect of complex vibration is more comprehensive, and can adapt to various external vibration scenes from low frequency to high frequency and from small amplitude to large amplitude. The damping characteristics of the intelligent fluid can change with external conditions (such as electric field, magnetic field, depending on the type of fluid), which is complementary to the stiffness adjustment of the electromagnetic spring. When the vibration mode is complex (such as multiple frequency components and non-steady-state vibration), the combination of the two can adjust different vibration characteristics respectively, avoid the problem that a single adjustment method is not good at dealing with complex vibration, and improve the robustness of the vibration reduction system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0019] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the vibration absorber in some embodiments of the present application is shown.
[0020] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the bottom plate of the vibration absorber in some embodiments of the present application is shown.
[0021] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the pole plate of the vibration absorber in some embodiments of the present application is shown.
[0022] Figure 4 The mounting structure diagram of the mass block of the vibration absorber in some embodiments of the present application is shown.
[0023] Figure 5Structure diagram of electromagnetic spring of vibration absorber in some embodiments of the present application;
[0024] Figure 6 Structure diagram of rigidity amplification mechanism of vibration absorber in some embodiments of the present application.
[0025] In the figure: 1 - shell; 2 - liquid storage cavity; 3 - mass block; 4 - electromagnetic spring; 41 - telescopic shaft; 42 - end cover; 43 - outer shell; 44 - electromagnetic coil; 45 - partition block; 46 - inner support frame; 47 - fixing member; 48 - permanent magnet; 49 - elastic member; 410 - winding device; 5 - rigidity amplification mechanism; 51 - support rod; 52 - lever; 521 - strip-shaped hole; 53 - resistance rod; 54 - first bearing; 55 - second bearing; 56 - third bearing; 6 - shear piece; 7 - linear bearing; 71 - optical axis; 72 - sliding block; 8 - power rod; 9 - bottom plate; 91 - polar plate groove; 92 - side plate groove; 10 - polar plate; 101 - wiring hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0027] The present application aims to provide a vibration absorber to solve the problems in the prior art, so as to have good damping effect and timely adjustable rigidity.
[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0029] As Figures 1-6As shown, the present application provides a vibration absorber, comprising a shell 1, a liquid storage cavity 2, a mass block 3 and an electromagnetic spring 4, the liquid storage cavity 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and the liquid storage cavity 2 is filled with intelligent fluid, the mass block 3 is arranged in the shell 1 and the bottom of the mass block 3 extends into the intelligent fluid, the electromagnetic spring 4 is fixedly connected to the shell 1, and the output end of the electromagnetic spring 4 is rotatably connected to the mass block 3, and the extension direction of the rotation axis is parallel to the height direction of the shell 1, and the work of the mass block 3 can also absorb part of the vibration. The damping of the intelligent fluid in the liquid storage cavity 2 can change, one end of the mass block 3 extends into the intelligent fluid, and the damping of the intelligent fluid is adjusted to realize the suppression of vibration, and the electromagnetic spring 4 can change the strength of the magnetic field by changing the current of the coil, and the output force of the electromagnetic spring 4 can be changed by changing the strength of the magnetic field, that is, the stiffness of the electromagnetic spring 4 is changed. When the frequency of the external vibration excitation changes, the main frequency can be obtained through the frequency tracking algorithm, and then the overall stiffness of the vibration absorber is adjusted to be consistent with the main frequency of the main structure vibration according to the relationship between the electromagnetic stiffness and the excitation current, so that the energy absorption capacity of the vibration absorber is maximized. The double damping effect of the electromagnetic spring 4 and the intelligent fluid makes the damping effect better, and the stiffness of the electromagnetic spring 4 can be adjusted in real time according to the size of the external vibration. With the double damping mechanism of the intelligent fluid and the electromagnetic spring 4, the synergistic effect of damping adjustment and stiffness adjustment is realized. The intelligent fluid can absorb vibration energy by changing its own damping, and the electromagnetic spring 4 can further offset vibrations of different intensities and frequencies by adjusting its stiffness. Compared with a single damping method (such as relying only on fluid damping or mechanical spring), the suppression effect on complex vibration is more comprehensive, and it can adapt to various external vibration scenes from low frequency to high frequency and from small amplitude to large amplitude. The damping characteristics of the intelligent fluid can change with external conditions (such as electric field, magnetic field, depending on the type of fluid), which complements the stiffness adjustment of the electromagnetic spring 4. When the vibration mode is complex (such as the existence of multiple frequency components, non-steady-state vibration), the combination of the two can adjust different vibration characteristics respectively, avoiding the problem that a single adjustment method performs poorly under complex vibration, and improving the robustness of the damping system.
[0030] In some embodiments, the vibration absorber further comprises a stiffness amplification mechanism 5, which comprises a support rod 51, a resistance rod 53 and a lever 52, the support rod 51 is rotationally connected to one end of the lever 52, the resistance rod 53 is rotationally connected to the lever 52, the lever 52 is rotationally connected to the mass 3, and the node where the lever 52 is connected to the mass 3 is located between the connection point of the support rod 51 and the lever 52 and the connection point of the resistance rod 53 and the lever 52, the output end of the electromagnetic spring 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the resistance rod 53 away from the lever 52, one end of the support rod 51 away from the lever 52 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell 1, and the rotation axes of the lever 52 and the resistance rod 53, the rotation axes of the lever 52 and the support rod 51, and the rotation axes of the lever 52 and the mass 3 are parallel to each other. By means of the principle of the lever 52, the stiffness amplification mechanism 5 can amplify the output force (stiffness) of the electromagnetic spring 4 and then transmit it to the mass 3. Due to the force amplification effect of the stiffness amplification mechanism 5, the excitation current required by the electromagnetic spring 4 is smaller (without the need to output a large original force) to achieve the same stiffness adjustment effect of the mass 3, thereby reducing the power consumption. At the same time, combined with the precise regulation and control of the frequency tracking algorithm, the invalid energy consumption can be further reduced and the overall energy utilization efficiency can be improved under the premise of ensuring the vibration reduction effect, which is especially suitable for energy-sensitive scenes (such as vehicle-mounted devices, precision instruments, etc.). The parallel rotation axes of the lever 52 and the components ensure the consistency of the force transmission direction, reduce mechanical loss and hysteresis effect. When the external vibration frequency or intensity suddenly changes, the small current adjustment of the electromagnetic spring 4 can be quickly converted into significant stiffness change of the mass 3 through the amplification mechanism, so that the response of the vibration absorber to dynamic vibration is more sensitive and the adjustment is more accurate, avoiding the decline of the vibration reduction effect due to adjustment lag. The stiffness amplification mechanism 5 realizes force amplification through simple mechanical components such as the lever 52 and the support rod 51, without the need to increase the size or power of the electromagnetic spring 4, so as to improve the vibration reduction performance. Compared with the scheme of directly using a large-size electromagnetic spring 4 to expand the adjustment range, this design can make the overall structure of the vibration absorber more compact, save installation space, and is especially suitable for scenes with strict size limitations (such as industrial robot arms, small precision devices, etc.).
[0031] In some embodiments, a circular hole and a strip hole 521 are arranged on the lever 52, the support rod 51 is rotatably connected to the lever 52 by a first bearing 54 arranged in the circular hole, the second bearing 55 and the third bearing 56 are arranged in the strip hole 521, the middle part of the lever 52 is rotatably connected to the mass block 3 through the second bearing 55, and the lever 52 is rotatably connected to the resistance rod 53 through the third bearing 56. The strip hole 521 provides a position adjustment space for the second bearing 55 and the third bearing 56 along the length direction of the lever 52, and the length of the force arm (the distance between the fulcrum and the power point / resistance point) of the lever 52 can be flexibly changed according to actual damping requirements (such as different vibration intensities and target amplification factors). For example, the position of the second bearing 55 (connected to the mass block 3) can be adjusted to change the distance between the fulcrum and the action point of the lever 52, so as to adapt to different stiffness amplification coefficients; the position of the third bearing 56 (connected to the resistance rod 53) can be adjusted to optimize the transmission efficiency of the output force of the electromagnetic spring 4, so as to adapt to electromagnetic springs 4 of different specifications or vibration scenes, so that the vibration absorber does not need to be redesigned, and can be adapted to various working conditions through simple bearing position adjustment, thereby reducing the customization cost. The first bearing 54 is fixed in the circular hole, so as to fix the connection point position of the support rod 51 and the lever 52, and provide a stable fulcrum for the lever 52; the second bearing 55 and the third bearing 56 are installed through the strip hole 521, so as to ensure the rotation flexibility between the lever 52 and the mass block 3 and the resistance rod 53, and replace sliding friction with rolling friction of the bearings, thereby greatly reducing mechanical wear and transmission resistance, so that the output force of the electromagnetic spring 4 can be more efficiently transmitted to the mass block 3 through the lever 52, and energy loss is reduced.
[0032] In some embodiments, the vibration absorber further comprises a power rod 8 fixedly arranged at the top of the mass block 3, the power rod 8 is rotatably connected to the lever 52, the end part of the resistance rod 53, the end part of the support rod 51 and the end part of the power rod 8 close to the lever 52 are all provided with a groove, the groove is sleeved outside the lever 52, the inner ring of the first bearing 54 is fixedly connected to the support rod 51 through a first pin, the inner ring of the second bearing 55 is fixedly connected to the power rod 8 through a second pin, and the inner ring of the third bearing 56 is fixedly connected to the resistance rod 53 through a third pin. The design of the groove sleeving the lever 52 provides a closed and stable installation space for the bearings, and in combination with the setting of the parallel rotation axes of the components, axial deviation or radial shaking of the bearings in the rotation process can be effectively prevented, the relative rotation between the lever 52 and the rods is smoother, and mechanical friction loss is reduced.
[0033] In some embodiments, the vibration absorber further comprises a plurality of pole plates 10 and a plurality of shear plates 6, the pole plates 10 are fixedly arranged in the shell 1 and located in the liquid storage cavity 2 and perpendicular to the bottom plate 9 of the shell 1, the shear plates are provided with clamping grooves at the central position of the top, the mass blocks 3 are fixedly clamped in the clamping grooves, and the shear plates are arranged between the plurality of pole plates 10. The interpenetrating arrangement of the pole plates 10 and the shear plates 6 greatly increases the shear contact area of the smart fluid. When the mass blocks 3 drive the shear plates 6 to move between the pole plates 10, the smart fluid is more fully subjected to shear action in the gap between the pole plates 10 and the shear plates 6, and the change of its damping characteristics (such as viscosity) can be more quickly and more significantly converted into damping force for vibration. The plurality of pole plates 10 are fixed in the shell 1 to form an internal support frame for the liquid storage cavity 2, which not only enhances the overall structural strength of the shell 1, but also provides stable guidance for the movement of the shear plates 6, avoiding the shear plates 6 from deviating or jamming in severe vibration. The smart fluid is preferably a giant electro-rheological fluid, and the orientation and arrangement of polar molecules in the giant electro-rheological fluid are changed by adjusting the electric field strength between the pole plates 10, so as to change its shear yield stress and viscosity, thereby realizing the regulation of damping. According to different damping requirements, different damping values can be set to regulate the damping ratio. For example, if the excitation of other frequency bands still accounts for a large proportion in addition to the excitation of the main frequency band, the damping of the vibration absorber can be adjusted according to the overall stiffness of the vibration absorber to maintain the damping ratio at about 0.7 to realize the minimum envelope peak value of the resonance amplitude; and when the excitation of other frequency bands can be ignored, the damping can be increased as much as possible to focus on suppressing the amplitude of the resonance peak.
[0034] In some embodiments, the shell 1 comprises a bottom plate 9 and a side plate fixedly and vertically arranged above the bottom plate 9, a plurality of pole plate grooves 91 are arranged on the bottom plate 9 for clamping the pole plates 10, a side plate groove 92 is arranged at the edge of the bottom plate 9 for clamping the side plate, the pole plates 10 can be further fixed by bolts after being inserted into the pole plate grooves 91, and the side plate can also be further fixed by bolts after being inserted into the side plate groove 92. The clamping structure forms a surface contact between the pole plates 10, the side plate and the bottom plate 9, the contact area is large, the stress can be effectively dispersed, and the structure stability of the shell 1 and the internal components (such as the liquid storage cavity 2 and the pole plates 10) can be ensured. Moreover, the split structure is convenient for disassembly and maintenance in later period.
[0035] In some embodiments, the polar plate 10 includes positive and negative polar plates arranged in sequence, each of which is provided with a wiring hole 101, and the wiring port on the positive polar plate and the wiring port on the negative polar plate are oppositely arranged towards different directions. The positive and negative polar plates are alternately arranged to form a uniform parallel plate electric field structure. When the polar plate 10 is powered, the smart fluid (such as electrorheological fluid) can be subjected to a stable and uniform electric field between adjacent polar plates 10, and the change of its damping characteristics (viscosity, shear strength, etc.) is more consistent, avoiding local damping failure or fluctuation caused by uneven electric field distribution. The uniform electric field ensures that the shear resistance of the smart fluid when moving in the shear piece 6 is more controllable, making the damping adjustment accuracy higher, especially in scenarios that require fine control of damping effect (such as precision instruments, optical equipment, etc.), the advantage is more prominent. The wiring holes 101 are oppositely arranged towards different directions, which can avoid the interference of the wiring terminals of the positive and negative polar plates. For example, the positive polar plate wiring hole 101 faces left and the negative polar plate wiring hole 101 faces right, so that the wires can be connected from both sides without crossing or overlapping, simplifying the wiring process and reducing the risk of line entanglement and short circuit. The directionally staggered wiring holes 101 provide sufficient operating space for the wires, facilitating quick identification of positive and negative polar lines during later maintenance (initially distinguished by direction), and improving the efficiency and accuracy of circuit maintenance.
[0036] In some embodiments, the vibration absorber further comprises a plurality of linear bearings 7, each linear bearing 7 comprising an optical axis 71 and two sliding blocks 72, one sliding block 72 being fixedly connected to each side of the mass block 3, and the two ends of the optical axis 71 being fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell 1. The sliding blocks 72 on both sides of the mass block 3 move linearly along the optical axis 71, and the two ends of the optical axis 71 are fixed to the side wall of the shell 1 to form a rigid guide rail, strictly limiting the movement direction of the mass block 3 (only along the optical axis 71, i.e. linear motion parallel to the height direction of the shell 1), avoiding the inclination, deviation or rotation of the mass block 3 due to uneven force during vibration, ensuring that it always maintains a stable posture, so that the part of the mass block 3 that extends into the intelligent fluid and the connection part with the shear piece 6 and the lever 52 can accurately transmit vibration energy, improving the effectiveness of the vibration reduction mechanism. Compared with the non-guiding structure, the sliding fit gap of the linear bearing 7 is extremely small (controlled through precision machining), which can greatly reduce the shaking amount of the mass block 3 during movement, even in high-frequency and small-amplitude vibration scenarios, it can also ensure the consistency of the movement track, so that the shearing action of the intelligent fluid and the stiffness adjustment of the electromagnetic spring 4 can more accurately match the vibration input. The sliding block 72 and the optical axis 71 of the linear bearing 7 are matched with low-friction coefficient materials (such as metal and self-lubricating materials, rolling body assisted sliding, etc.), compared with the traditional sliding friction guide (such as the mass block 3 directly contacting with the shell 1), it can significantly reduce the mechanical resistance when the mass block 3 moves. This means that the external vibration energy can be more efficiently transmitted to the intelligent fluid and electromagnetic spring 4 system (rather than being lost by friction), improving the energy absorption and conversion efficiency of the vibration absorber, while reducing component wear and extending service life.
[0037] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic spring 4 comprises a shell 43, an inner support frame 46, a telescopic shaft 41, a permanent magnet 48, a fixing piece 47, an electromagnetic coil 44 and a partition block 45, the inner support frame 46 is fixedly arranged in the shell 43, the telescopic shaft 41 is slidingly arranged in the inner support frame 46, and the telescopic shaft 41 is fixedly connected with the resistance rod 53, the permanent magnet 48 is fixedly sleeved outside the telescopic shaft 41, the two sides of the permanent magnet 48 are provided with the fixing piece 47, the fixing piece 47 is fixedly connected on the telescopic shaft 41, the partition block 45 is fixedly sleeved outside the support frame, and the two sides of the partition block 45 are provided with the electromagnetic coil 44, and the electromagnetic coil 44 is fixedly sleeved outside the inner support frame 46. Preferably, it also comprises an end cover 42 and a wire winder 410, the end cover 42 is fixedly connected on the side plate, the shell 43 and the end cover 42 jointly limit the elastic member 49, the elastic member 49 is preferably a spring, the spring functions to ensure that the initial position of the permanent magnet 48 is located at a fixed position, the fixed position is that the middle part of the permanent magnet 48 is just at the middle part of the partition block 45, the two sides of the partition block 45 are the electromagnetic coils 44, the magnetic fields generated after the two electromagnetic coils 44 are electrified are one north pole and one south pole, and the north pole and the south pole of the permanent magnet 48 are opposite to the north pole and the south pole of the electromagnetic coil 44. It should be noted that the fixing piece 47 is a nut, the telescopic shaft 41 is provided with a thread on the upper part, the thread and the nut are matched with each other to limit the permanent magnet 48. The wires of the electromagnetic coil 44 can be orderly stored through the wire winder 410, so as to avoid disorderly winding of the wires (especially when the telescopic shaft 41 moves), reduce friction and abrasion of the wires and other components, and reduce the risk of short circuit or open circuit; at the same time, the regular wire layout can reduce electromagnetic interference (such as signal interference between the wires), ensure stable coil current, and further ensure accurate control of the magnetic field strength. The sealing effect of the end cover 42: the end cover 42 and the shell 43 form a more complete protection space, which not only limits the spring, but also isolates the erosion of external dust and water vapor on the coil and the wire, prolongs the service life of the electromagnetic components, and improves the reliability in harsh environments. Precise fixing of the initial position makes the stiffness adjustment range of the electromagnetic spring 4 more controllable: when the frequency tracking algorithm instructs to adjust the current, the permanent magnet 48 starts to move from the symmetrical starting point, the magnetic field forces of the two coils can be linearly superimposed or canceled out, and the adjustment range of the output force is more stable (such as the interval from the minimum stiffness to the maximum stiffness can be accurately predicted), which forms a more efficient stiffness and damping cooperation with the intelligent fluid damping adjustment, covering a wider range of vibration frequencies. The spring can also function as a buffer: when the telescopic shaft 41 moves quickly (such as sudden strong vibration), the spring can buffer the extreme displacement of the permanent magnet 48, avoid hard collision of the permanent magnet 48 with the end cover 42 or the shell 43, protect the permanent magnet 48 and the coil from mechanical damage, and at the same time reduce the rigid impact in the vibration transmission process, and improve the impact resistance of the electromagnetic spring 4.
[0038] In some embodiments, the smart fluid is a giant electro-rheological fluid. The yield stress of the giant electro-rheological fluid is much higher than that of a conventional electro-rheological fluid, and under the action of an electric field, the giant electro-rheological fluid has a more significant transition from a liquid state to a quasi-solid state, and the change range of damping (viscosity) is extremely large. When the intensity of an external vibration source suddenly increases, the giant electro-rheological fluid can quickly provide a large enough damping force to effectively absorb impact energy. It should be noted that according to the requirements of the use scene, etc., a fluid such as a magneto-rheological fluid can also be used.
[0039] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed. In summary, the content of the present application should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.
Claims
1. A vibration absorber characterized by: The application relates to a smart fluid sensor, which comprises a shell, a liquid storage cavity, a mass block and an electromagnetic spring.
2. The vibration absorber of claim 1, wherein: The application further comprises a rigidity amplification mechanism, which comprises a supporting rod, a resistance rod and a lever.
3. The vibration absorber of claim 2, wherein: The lever is provided with a circular hole and a strip-shaped hole.
4. The vibration absorber of claim 3, wherein: The application further comprises a power rod, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the mass block.
5. The vibration absorber of claim 1, wherein: The application further comprises a plurality of polar plates and a plurality of shear plates.
6. The vibration absorber of claim 5, wherein: The shell comprises a bottom plate and a side plate.
7. The vibration absorber of claim 5, wherein: The polar plates comprise positive polar plates and negative polar plates.
8. The vibration absorber of claim 1, wherein: The multiple linear bearings each comprise an optical axis and two sliding blocks, and the two sides of the mass block are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks.
9. The vibration absorber of claim 2, wherein: The electromagnetic spring comprises a shell, an inner support frame, a telescopic shaft, a permanent magnet, a fixing piece, an electromagnetic coil and a separation block, the inner support frame is fixedly arranged in the shell, the telescopic shaft is slidingly arranged in the inner support frame, and the telescopic shaft is fixedly connected with the resistance rod, the permanent magnet is fixedly sleeved outside the telescopic shaft, the two sides of the permanent magnet are provided with the fixing pieces, the fixing pieces are fixedly connected on the telescopic shaft, the separation block is fixedly sleeved outside the support frame, and the two sides of the separation block are provided with the electromagnetic coils, and the electromagnetic coils are fixedly sleeved outside the inner support frame.
10. The vibration absorber of claim 1, wherein: The intelligent fluid is a giant electro-rheological fluid.