Thermal management control method and system for energy storage equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal management control method and system for energy storage equipment, and the method comprises the steps: S1, judging whether the communication between an energy management system and a water chilling unit as well as a battery management system is abnormal or not, if yes, controlling the water chilling unit to execute an in-situ mode through a man-machine interaction module, and otherwise, entering S2; s3, judging the running state of the battery, if the running state of the battery is a standing state, judging a self-circulation mode, a refrigeration mode or a heating mode according to the real-time temperature of the battery cell and the temperature difference of the battery cell, and otherwise, entering S3; and S3, remotely controlling the water chilling unit to execute a self-circulation mode, a refrigeration mode or a heating mode according to the real-time temperature of the battery cell, the temperature difference of the battery cell and the outlet water temperature of the water chilling unit. The heat management strategy is dynamically adjusted through communication abnormity judgment and the battery running state, multi-mode intelligent switching of self-circulation, refrigeration and heating of the water chilling unit is achieved, energy consumption control is optimized, and the response speed and accuracy of a heat management system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to a thermal management control method and system for energy storage devices. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy storage, with the development of energy storage battery technology, the demand for battery energy density and charge / discharge rate is gradually increasing, making battery heat dissipation performance increasingly critical. Compared with traditional air cooling technology, liquid cooling technology, which has faster heat exchange efficiency and better temperature uniformity, is being used more and more widely in the thermal management of energy storage batteries.

[0003] In addition, as the application scenarios of energy storage systems expand, the focus of thermal management of energy storage battery systems has also expanded from maintaining the battery temperature within the required range to considering performance in many aspects such as energy consumption, charging and discharging speed and reliability.

[0004] Existing thermal management control strategies for liquid-cooled energy storage devices typically involve the control system reading battery temperature and then issuing cooling, heating, self-circulation, or standby parameters to the water-cooled chiller to maintain the battery temperature within a certain range. These strategies generally only include cooling and heating modes, with the battery temperature typically controlled in a lower range (around 23±2℃) during cooling. However, they rarely consider the energy consumption, charge / discharge capacity, or reliability requirements of the energy storage system. Energy consumption is directly linked to the profitability of the energy storage device. For energy-sensitive applications, if the battery temperature is kept low in hot weather or high in cold weather, the water-cooled chiller will be on for a longer period, increasing energy consumption. For applications sensitive to charge / discharge rates, if the battery temperature is not within the range that allows for high-rate charge / discharge, the charge / discharge rate will be limited. Regarding reliability, communication failures between the thermal management system, control system, and battery, as well as inadequate execution of thermal management strategies, can all lead to the failure of the thermal management system itself. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thermal management control method and system for energy storage equipment, which can realize intelligent switching of multiple modes such as self-circulation, cooling and heating of water-cooled units, optimize energy consumption control, and improve the response speed and accuracy of the thermal management system.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device includes the following steps: S1. Determine if there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the water-cooled unit and the battery management system. If so, control the water-cooled unit to execute the local mode through the human-machine interaction module. Otherwise, proceed to step S2. The local mode is the mode with preset initial cooling parameters. S2. Determine the battery operating status. If the battery operating status is a static state, determine the self-circulation mode, cooling mode, or heating mode based on the real-time temperature of the cell and the temperature difference of the cell. Otherwise, proceed to step S3. S3. Based on the real-time temperature of the battery cell, the temperature difference of the battery cell, and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller, remotely control the water chiller to execute the self-circulation mode, the cooling mode, or the heating mode. The procedure preceding step S2 also includes: The energy management system acquires the cell charge / discharge rate, the highest cell temperature, the lowest cell temperature, and the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit in real time, and calculates the cell temperature difference in real time based on the highest and lowest cell temperatures. In step S3, the water chiller is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the cooling mode, or the heating mode based on the outlet water temperature of the water chiller. Specifically: If the outlet water temperature of the water chiller is found to be higher than the seventh threshold and continues for a third preset time, the water chiller is remotely controlled to start the cooling mode. When the outlet water temperature of the water chiller is found to be lower than the eighth threshold, the water chiller is controlled to exit the cooling mode. The seventh threshold is less than the eighth threshold.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control system for an energy storage device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the thermal management control method for an energy storage device as described above.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It provides a thermal management control method and system for energy storage devices. By judging communication anomalies and dynamically adjusting the thermal management strategy based on battery operating status, it achieves intelligent switching between multiple modes of the water-cooled unit, including self-circulation, cooling, and heating. This ensures that the system can still maintain basic operation through a preset local mode even in the event of communication anomalies, improving the system's reliability and fault tolerance. The dynamic adjustment of the thermal management strategy based on the battery's static or operating state optimizes energy consumption control and extends battery life. Simultaneously, remote control combined with cell temperature and water-cooled unit status improves the response speed and accuracy of the thermal management system. Real-time monitoring of cell charge / discharge rate, temperature, and temperature difference provides data support for subsequent mode switching, ensuring the real-time nature and accuracy of the thermal management strategy. Furthermore, temperature difference calculation can promptly detect uneven temperature distribution within the battery, providing a basis for temperature uniformity control, thereby improving battery performance and lifespan. In addition, by monitoring the outlet water temperature and determining the duration, the system prevents unit malfunctions caused by exposure to direct sunlight or high temperatures, thus improving equipment reliability. Meanwhile, the intelligent start-stop function in cooling mode (based on the seventh and eighth thresholds) effectively reduces unit temperature, extends equipment lifespan, and reduces energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of a thermal management control method for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of step S1 in a thermal management control method for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a thermal management control method for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a water-cooled unit is controlled to execute a cooling mode based on the highest temperature of the battery cell. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of controlling a water-cooled unit to execute a heating mode based on the lowest cell temperature in a thermal management control method for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of controlling a water-cooled unit to execute a self-circulation mode based on the cell temperature difference in a thermal management control method for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a thermal management control method for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which controls the water-cooled unit to execute a cooling mode based on the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management control system of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Label Explanation: 1. A thermal management control system for an energy storage device; 2. A memory; 3. A processor. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0012] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, comprising the following steps: S1. Determine if there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system, the water chiller, and the battery management system. If so, control the water chiller to execute the local mode through the human-machine interaction module. Otherwise, proceed to step S2. The local mode is the mode with preset initial cooling parameters. S2. Determine the battery operating status. If the battery operating status is a static state, determine the self-circulation mode, cooling mode, or heating mode based on the real-time temperature of the cell and the temperature difference of the cell. Otherwise, proceed to step S3. S3. Based on the real-time temperature of the battery cell, the temperature difference of the battery cell, and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller, remotely control the water chiller to execute the self-circulation mode, the cooling mode, or the heating mode. The procedure preceding step S2 also includes: The energy management system acquires the cell charge / discharge rate, the highest cell temperature, the lowest cell temperature, and the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit in real time, and calculates the cell temperature difference in real time based on the highest and lowest cell temperatures. In step S3, the water chiller is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the cooling mode, or the heating mode based on the outlet water temperature of the water chiller. Specifically: If the outlet water temperature of the water chiller is found to be higher than the seventh threshold and continues for a third preset time, the water chiller is remotely controlled to start the cooling mode. When the outlet water temperature of the water chiller is found to be lower than the eighth threshold, the water chiller is controlled to exit the cooling mode. The seventh threshold is less than the eighth threshold.

[0013] As described above, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By dynamically adjusting the thermal management strategy based on communication anomaly detection and battery operating status, the water-cooled unit achieves intelligent switching between self-circulation, cooling, and heating modes, ensuring that the system can maintain basic operation through a preset local mode even in the event of communication anomalies, thus improving system reliability and fault tolerance; dynamically adjusting the thermal management strategy according to the battery's static or operating status optimizes energy consumption control and extends battery life; and remote control combined with cell temperature and water-cooled unit status improves the response speed and accuracy of the thermal management system. Specifically, real-time monitoring of cell charge / discharge rate, temperature, and temperature difference provides data support for subsequent mode switching, ensuring the real-time nature and accuracy of the thermal management strategy; temperature difference calculation enables timely detection of uneven temperature within the battery, providing a basis for uniform temperature control, thereby improving battery performance and lifespan. Furthermore, monitoring the outlet water temperature and determining the duration prevents unit malfunctions due to exposure to direct sunlight or high temperatures, improving equipment reliability; and intelligent start / stop of the cooling mode (based on the seventh and eighth thresholds) effectively reduces unit temperature, extends equipment lifespan, and reduces energy consumption.

[0014] Further, step S1 specifically includes: S11. Determine if there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the water-cooled unit. If so, control the water-cooled unit to execute the local mode through the human-machine interaction module. Otherwise, proceed to step S12. S12. Determine whether there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the battery management system. If so, remotely control the water-cooled unit to execute the local mode; otherwise, proceed to step S2.

[0015] As described above, by using dual communication judgment (energy management system and water-cooled unit, energy management system and battery management system), the system can still switch to a safe local mode when any communication link is abnormal, avoiding thermal management failure due to communication failure; at the same time, the system's robustness and fault recovery capability are improved by handling communication abnormalities in stages.

[0016] Furthermore, determining the battery operating status in step S2 specifically involves: When the obtained charge / discharge rate of the battery cell is less than or equal to the first preset charge / discharge rate and continues for a first preset duration, the battery operating state is determined to be the static state; otherwise, the battery operating state is the working state.

[0017] As described above, by using both the cell charge / discharge rate and duration as conditions, the static state and the working state can be accurately distinguished to avoid misjudgment. Subsequently, the temperature control range can be relaxed in the static state to reduce unnecessary energy consumption, while the temperature can be strictly controlled in the working state to ensure battery performance and achieve a balance between energy consumption and performance.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, the determination of self-circulation mode, cooling mode, or heating mode based on the real-time temperature of the battery cell and the temperature difference of the battery cell is specifically as follows: When the highest temperature of the battery cell is found to be higher than the first threshold, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the cooling mode. When the lowest temperature of the battery cell is found to be below the third threshold, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the heating mode. When the temperature difference of the battery cell is found to be higher than the fifth threshold, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the self-circulation mode.

[0019] As described above, by setting the first threshold, the third threshold, and the fifth threshold, cooling, heating, and self-circulation modes are triggered respectively, ensuring that the battery is regulated in a timely manner when the temperature is high, low, or the temperature difference is too large. At the same time, multi-condition judgment avoids the limitations of a single mode and improves the adaptability and flexibility of the thermal management system.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the cooling mode, or the heating mode based on the real-time temperature of the battery cells, specifically as follows: If the highest temperature of the battery cell is found to be higher than the first threshold, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode for a second preset time, and then the water-cooled unit is controlled to switch from the self-circulation mode to the cooling mode. When the highest temperature of the battery cell is found to be lower than the second threshold, the water-cooled unit is controlled to exit the cooling mode and start the self-circulation mode again for the second preset time, and then enter standby mode. The first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

[0021] As described above, the cooling mode is determined based on the highest temperature of the battery cells. Before cooling, the system water temperature is evenly distributed through the self-circulation mode to reduce the compressor load and energy consumption, while mitigating the trend of widening temperature difference between the battery cells. After cooling, the self-circulation mode is used again to reduce the frequent start-stop of the compressor by utilizing the delayed cooling capacity, thereby extending the equipment life and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the difference between the first threshold and the second threshold is controlled to avoid frequent switching between the cooling mode and the self-circulation mode, thereby improving system stability.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the cooling mode, or the heating mode based on the real-time temperature of the battery cells, specifically as follows: If the lowest temperature of the battery cell is found to be below the third threshold, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode for a second preset time, and then the water-cooled unit is controlled to switch from the self-circulation mode to the heating mode. When the lowest temperature of the battery cell is found to be above the fourth threshold, the water-cooled unit is controlled to exit the heating mode and start the self-circulation mode again for the second preset time, and then enter standby mode. The third threshold is less than the fourth threshold, and the fourth threshold is less than the second threshold.

[0023] As described above, the heating mode is determined based on the lowest temperature of the battery cell. Before heating, the system is confirmed to be free of abnormalities through the self-circulation mode to avoid the high-power heater from operating under abnormal conditions and reduce risks. After heating, the system utilizes waste heat through self-circulation to prevent local high temperatures and improve system safety and energy efficiency. At the same time, the difference between the third and fourth thresholds is controlled to ensure the precise exit of the heating mode and optimize energy consumption.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S3, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the cooling mode, or the heating mode based on the cell temperature difference, specifically as follows: If the temperature difference of the battery cell is found to be higher than the fifth threshold, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode until the temperature difference of the battery cell is found to be lower than the sixth threshold, at which point the water-cooled unit is controlled to exit the self-circulation mode. The fifth threshold is greater than the sixth threshold.

[0025] As described above, when the temperature difference between the cells is too large, the temperature difference between the cells is reduced directly through the self-circulation mode, which improves the internal temperature consistency of the battery, thereby improving the charging and discharging performance and battery life; at the same time, the dynamic exit mechanism (exiting when the temperature is below the sixth threshold) avoids unnecessary energy consumption and achieves efficient temperature control.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 7 A thermal management control system for an energy storage device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the thermal management control method for an energy storage device as described above.

[0027] As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the same technical concept, and in conjunction with the above-mentioned thermal management control method for an energy storage device, a thermal management control system for an energy storage device is provided. By judging communication anomalies and dynamically adjusting the thermal management strategy based on the battery operating status, the system achieves intelligent switching between multiple modes of self-circulation, cooling, and heating of the water-cooled unit. This ensures that the system can still maintain basic operation through a preset local mode when communication is abnormal, thereby improving the system's reliability and fault tolerance. The system also dynamically adjusts the thermal management strategy according to the battery's static or working state, optimizing energy consumption control and extending battery life. Furthermore, the system combines cell temperature and water-cooled unit status for remote control, improving the response speed and accuracy of the thermal management system.

[0028] The present invention provides a thermal management control method and system for energy storage devices, applicable to thermal management scenarios of energy storage systems. The following description is based on specific embodiments.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the steps include: S1. Determine if there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system, the water chiller, and the battery management system. If so, control the water chiller to execute the local mode through the human-machine interaction module. Otherwise, proceed to step S2. The local mode is the mode with preset initial cooling parameters.

[0030] S2. Determine the battery operating status. If the battery is in a static state, determine the self-circulation mode, cooling mode, or heating mode based on the real-time temperature of the battery cell and the temperature difference between the battery cells. Otherwise, proceed to step S3.

[0031] S3. Based on the real-time temperature of the battery cells, the temperature difference between the battery cells, and the outlet water temperature of the water chiller, remotely control the water chiller to execute self-circulation mode, cooling mode, or heating mode.

[0032] In this embodiment, by judging communication anomalies and dynamically adjusting the thermal management strategy based on the battery operating status, the water-cooled unit achieves intelligent switching between self-circulation, cooling, and heating modes. This ensures that the system can still maintain basic operation through the preset local mode when communication is abnormal, thus improving the system's reliability and fault tolerance. The thermal management strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the battery's resting or working state, optimizing energy consumption control and extending battery life. At the same time, remote control is performed in conjunction with cell temperature and water-cooled unit status, improving the response speed and accuracy of the thermal management system.

[0033] In addition, in this embodiment, the following is included before step S2: The energy management system acquires the cell charge / discharge rate, maximum cell temperature, minimum cell temperature, and water outlet temperature of the water chiller in real time, and calculates the cell temperature difference in real time based on the maximum and minimum cell temperatures.

[0034] This means that by monitoring the charge and discharge rate, temperature, and temperature difference of the battery cells in real time, data support is provided for subsequent mode switching, ensuring the real-time performance and accuracy of thermal management strategies; at the same time, by calculating the temperature difference, uneven temperature inside the battery can be detected in a timely manner, providing a basis for temperature uniformity control, thereby improving battery performance and lifespan.

[0035] In this embodiment, the energy storage device consists of a Battery Management System (BMS), an Energy Management System (EMS), and a Thermal Management System (TMS). The TMS comprises a liquid-cooled battery pack cooling plate, a water-cooled chiller, and liquid-cooled piping. The Energy Management System is the central control unit. The Battery Management System uploads cell temperature and charge / discharge current to the Energy Management System. The water-cooled chiller in the TMS uploads its operating status, inlet and outlet water pressure, inlet and outlet water temperature, fan speed, and fault list to the Energy Management System. The Energy Management System collects, processes, and judges these parameters, and issues different commands to the TMS, interacting with it to ensure thermal management objectives are met. Furthermore, during commissioning and maintenance, operators can remotely interact with the water-cooled chiller via the control panel on-site or through the Energy Management System.

[0036] This embodiment of the thermal management control method for an energy storage device differs from existing methods that only divide the device into cooling and heating modes based on cell temperature control. It also considers: 1. Real-time communication status assessment of each system, implementing different interaction strategies based on different communication conditions to ensure relatively normal operation even with communication anomalies in some components, reducing the failure rate of the energy storage device; 2. Different temperature window requirements of the battery during operation and rest, allowing for the setting of different temperature control ranges based on cell status, ensuring system performance while effectively reducing energy consumption; 3. An anti-sun exposure mode, addressing the reliability of the cooling device itself, preventing localized high temperatures, reducing device failure rate, and appropriately extending the lifespan of the cooling device; 4. From the perspective of cell temperature difference, reducing and equalizing the temperature difference to avoid affecting the battery's charging and discharging performance and consistency due to excessive temperature differences, improving system efficiency, and extending battery life; 5. The strategy parameters for each stage can be configured according to the thermal management focus.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 Embodiment two of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, based on the above embodiment one, wherein step S1 specifically comprises: S11. Determine if there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the water chiller. If so, control the water chiller to execute the local mode through the human-machine interaction module; otherwise, proceed to step S12.

[0038] S12. Determine if there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the battery management system. If so, remotely control the water-cooled unit to execute the local mode; otherwise, proceed to step S2.

[0039] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, this stage is defined as Stage 1. First, it can be determined whether the energy management system and the water-cooled unit are communicating normally. A dual check is performed on both the energy management system side and the water-cooled unit side. If communication is abnormal, the unit executes the local mode with preset parameters (i.e., as shown). Figure 2 The cooling point is 18°C, the cooling hysteresis is 3°C, the heating point is 10°C, and the heating hysteresis is 3°C (as shown). This ensures that the cell temperature remains within a suitable range in the short term, preventing cell overheating due to communication abnormalities between the energy management system and the water-cooled unit. If the communication between the energy management system and the water-cooled unit is normal, the energy management system checks whether the communication with the battery management system is normal. If the communication is abnormal, the energy management system sends a cooling mode parameter with a lower water temperature to the unit to ensure that the cell temperature remains within a suitable range when cell data is unavailable. The system also checks whether the unit correctly executes the instructions sent by the energy management system based on the data returned by the unit. If the unit does not execute the instructions correctly, the energy management system resends the instructions. If the unit executes the instructions correctly, the process is normal, and this stage is closed-loop. If the above conditions are not met, the process proceeds to step S2.

[0040] In this embodiment, dual communication judgment (energy management system and water chiller, energy management system and battery management system) ensures that the system can still switch to a safe local mode when any communication link is abnormal. In the event of communication interruption between devices or inability to obtain some data, the system can be kept running as much as possible to avoid thermal management failure due to communication failure. At the same time, communication abnormalities are handled in steps, which improves the robustness and fault recovery capability of the system.

[0041] Embodiment 3 of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, based on the above-described Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, wherein in this embodiment, determining the battery operating state in step S2 specifically involves: When the obtained cell charge / discharge rate is less than or equal to a first preset charge / discharge rate and remains so for a first preset duration, the battery is determined to be in a static state; otherwise, the battery is determined to be in a working state. In this embodiment, the first preset charge / discharge rate can be set to 0.1.

[0042] This means that by using both the charge / discharge rate and duration of the battery cell, the system can accurately distinguish between the static state and the working state, avoiding misjudgment. Subsequently, the temperature control range can be relaxed in the static state to reduce unnecessary energy consumption, while the temperature can be strictly controlled in the working state to ensure battery performance and achieve a balance between energy consumption and performance.

[0043] In step S2, the self-circulation mode, cooling mode, or heating mode is determined based on the real-time temperature and temperature difference of the battery cell. This stage is defined as stage 2, specifically: When the highest temperature of the battery cell is found to be higher than the first threshold, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the cooling mode. When the lowest temperature of the battery cell is found to be below the third threshold, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the heating mode. When the temperature difference of the battery cells is higher than the fifth threshold, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the self-circulation mode.

[0044] In this embodiment, by setting a first threshold, a third threshold, and a fifth threshold, cooling, heating, and self-circulation modes are triggered respectively, ensuring that the battery is regulated in a timely manner when the temperature is high, low, or the temperature difference is too large; at the same time, multi-condition judgment avoids the limitations of a single mode and improves the adaptability and flexibility of the thermal management system.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 Embodiment four of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, based on any one of the embodiments one to three above, wherein in this embodiment, step S3 involves remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute a self-circulation mode, a cooling mode, or a heating mode according to the real-time temperature of the battery cells, specifically as follows: If the highest temperature of the battery cell is found to be higher than the first threshold, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode for a second preset time, and then the water-cooled unit is controlled to switch from the self-circulation mode to the cooling mode. When the highest temperature of the battery cell is found to be lower than the second threshold, the water-cooled unit is controlled to exit the cooling mode and start the self-circulation mode again for a second preset time, and then enter standby mode. In this embodiment, the first threshold is greater than the second threshold.

[0046] Among them, such as Figure 3As shown, this stage is defined as stage 3. The battery enters this stage when it is working and has a cooling requirement. The judgment condition is that the highest cell temperature Tmax is higher than the first threshold (e.g., 24℃, which can be configured according to actual needs). 1) Before the water-cooled unit starts cooling, the EMS first issues a 2-minute self-circulation command; 2) After 2 minutes of self-circulation, the EMS issues a cooling mode command; 3) When the highest cell temperature is lower than the second threshold (e.g., 22℃, which can be configured according to actual needs), the cooling mode is exited, the EMS issues a 2-minute self-circulation command, and then the standby mode is executed. The innovations at this stage are: Self-circulation for the first 2 minutes of cooling mode: This uniformly cools the water temperature throughout the liquid cooling system, improves localized high temperatures, reduces the tendency for the temperature difference between the battery cells to increase when entering cooling mode, and alleviates localized high temperatures on the unit side, while also reducing the compressor's start-up load and energy consumption; Self-circulation for the last 2 minutes of cooling mode: There is a delay in the heat transfer from the compressor to the refrigerant system, then to the water system via the plate heat exchanger. Self-circulation after cooling can utilize this delayed cooling capacity, reducing energy consumption and frequent compressor start-ups and shutdowns; In addition, real-time status monitoring is performed when the water-cooled unit is executing self-circulation or cooling mode. If a communication abnormality occurs during the self-circulation or cooling process, or if the conditions for issuing the self-circulation / cooling command (in this stage, the battery cells are in working condition and the maximum battery cell temperature Tmax is above 24℃) are not met, the system immediately exits this stage and restarts from step S1, effectively preventing the system from entering a dead loop when abnormalities occur.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cooling mode is determined based on the highest temperature of the battery cell. Before cooling, the system water temperature is evenly distributed through the self-circulation mode to reduce the compressor load and energy consumption, while mitigating the trend of widening temperature difference between the battery cells. After cooling, the self-circulation mode is used again to reduce the frequent start-stop of the compressor by utilizing the delayed cooling capacity, thereby extending the equipment life and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the difference between the first threshold and the second threshold is controlled to avoid frequent switching between the cooling mode and the self-circulation mode, thereby improving system stability.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 4 Embodiment five of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, based on any one of the embodiments one to four above, wherein in this embodiment, step S3 involves remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute a self-circulation mode, a cooling mode, or a heating mode according to the real-time temperature of the battery cells, specifically as follows: If the lowest temperature of the battery cell is found to be lower than the third threshold, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode for a second preset time, and then the water-cooled unit is controlled to switch from the self-circulation mode to the heating mode. When the lowest temperature of the battery cell is found to be higher than the fourth threshold, the water-cooled unit is controlled to exit the heating mode and start the self-circulation mode again for a second preset time, and then enter standby mode. In this embodiment, the third threshold is less than the fourth threshold.

[0049] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, this stage is defined as Stage 4. The battery enters this stage when it is working and has a heating requirement. The judgment condition is that the lowest cell temperature Tmin is lower than the third threshold (e.g., 16℃, which can be configured according to actual needs). 1) Before the water-cooled unit starts heating, the EMS first issues a 2-minute self-circulation command; 2) After 2 minutes of self-circulation, the EMS issues a heating mode command; 3) When the highest cell temperature is higher than the fourth threshold (e.g., 18℃, which can be configured according to actual needs), the heating mode is exited, the EMS issues a 2-minute self-circulation command, and then standby is executed. In this embodiment, the fourth threshold is lower than the second threshold. The innovations at this stage are: Self-circulation for the first 2 minutes of heating mode: This uniformly cools the water temperature throughout the liquid cooling system, improves local low temperatures, and reduces the tendency for the temperature difference between the battery cells to increase when entering heating mode. In addition, since the water-cooled unit heater has a large current and power, starting the self-circulation mode first helps to confirm that the system can operate normally and without abnormalities, reducing the risk of starting high-power devices when the system is abnormal. Self-circulation for the last 2 minutes of heating mode: After heating stops, the heater will have residual heat. Self-circulation after heating stops can utilize this residual heat while avoiding local high temperatures caused by residual heat.

[0050] In this embodiment, the heating mode is determined based on the lowest temperature of the battery cell. Before heating, the system is confirmed to be free of abnormalities through the self-circulation mode to avoid the high-power heater from operating under abnormal conditions and reduce risks. After heating, the residual heat is utilized through self-circulation to prevent local high temperatures and improve system safety and energy efficiency. At the same time, the difference between the third and fourth thresholds is controlled to ensure the precise exit of the heating mode and optimize energy consumption.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 5 Embodiment six of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, based on any one of the embodiments one to five above, wherein in this embodiment, step S3 involves remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute a self-circulation mode, a cooling mode, or a heating mode according to the cell temperature difference, specifically as follows: If the cell temperature difference is found to be higher than the fifth threshold, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode until the cell temperature difference is found to be lower than the sixth threshold, at which point the water-cooled unit is controlled to exit the self-circulation mode; in this embodiment, the fifth threshold is greater than the sixth threshold.

[0052] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, this stage is defined as stage 5. When the cell temperature difference ΔT (the difference between the highest and lowest cell temperatures) is higher than the fifth threshold (e.g., 5°C, which can be configured according to actual needs), the EMS issues a self-circulation mode command. When the cell temperature difference ΔT is lower than the sixth threshold (e.g., 5°C, which can be configured according to actual needs), the self-circulation mode is exited.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the temperature difference between the cells is too large, the temperature difference between the cells is reduced directly through the self-circulation mode, which improves the internal temperature consistency of the battery, thereby improving the charging and discharging performance and battery life; at the same time, the dynamic exit mechanism (exiting when the temperature is below the sixth threshold) avoids unnecessary energy consumption and achieves efficient temperature control.

[0054] Additionally, it is worth noting that when the highest temperature of the battery cell is higher than the first threshold and the temperature difference of the battery cell is higher than the fifth threshold, the step of remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute the cooling mode based on the real-time temperature of the battery cell (i.e., stage 3 in the above embodiment 4) is executed first to make the highest temperature of the battery cell lower than the second threshold. If there is still a situation where the temperature difference of the battery cell is higher than the fifth threshold, then the step of remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute the self-circulation mode based on the temperature difference of the battery cell (i.e., stage 5 in this embodiment) is further executed to make the temperature difference of the battery cell ΔT lower than the sixth threshold.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 6 Embodiment seven of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control method for an energy storage device, based on any one of the embodiments one to six above, wherein in this embodiment, step S3 involves remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute a self-circulation mode, a cooling mode, or a heating mode according to the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit, specifically as follows: If the outlet water temperature of the water chiller is higher than the seventh threshold and remains higher for a third preset duration, the water chiller is remotely controlled to start the cooling mode. When the outlet water temperature of the water chiller is lower than the eighth threshold, the water chiller is controlled to exit the cooling mode. In this embodiment, the seventh threshold is lower than the eighth threshold.

[0056] Among them, such as Figure 6 As shown, this stage is defined as stage 6. When the water chiller is in standby mode and the outlet water temperature is higher than the seventh threshold (e.g., 40°C, which can be configured according to actual needs) and continues for a third preset duration (e.g., 5 minutes, which can be configured according to actual needs), the EMS issues a cooling mode. The strategy logic is similar to the cooling mode. The exit condition is that the outlet water temperature of the water chiller is lower than the eighth threshold (e.g., 25°C, which can be configured according to actual needs).

[0057] In this embodiment, by monitoring the outlet water temperature and determining the duration, the unit is prevented from malfunctioning due to exposure to sunlight or high-temperature environments, thus improving equipment reliability. At the same time, the intelligent start-stop of the cooling mode (based on the seventh and eighth thresholds) effectively reduces the unit temperature, extends the equipment's service life, and reduces energy consumption.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 7 Embodiment 8 of the present invention is as follows: A thermal management control system 1 for an energy storage device includes a memory 2, a processor 3, and a computer program stored in the memory 2 and executable on the processor 3. When the processor 3 executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the thermal management control method for an energy storage device according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 7 described above.

[0059] The configurable threshold parameters for this embodiment are described in Table 1. These parameters can be configured according to different project requirements: 1) Lifespan priority: ensuring the battery's temperature is low during both resting and operation to extend system lifespan, but with higher energy consumption; 2) Energy consumption priority: increasing the threshold for entering cooling mode and decreasing the threshold for entering heating mode, and differentiating between resting and operating cell states, to ensure lower energy consumption of the thermal management system, but with shorter cell lifespan; 3) Charging capacity priority: ensuring the battery temperature is within the required charge / discharge rate window temperature, maximizing the energy storage system's ability to charge and discharge external batteries (e.g., charging stations ensuring fast charging capabilities for vehicles). For example, a typical 280Ah cell requires a 0.5C charging window temperature above 15°C. If there is a 0.5C charging requirement but the battery temperature is below 15°C, the charging rate will be limited and cannot reach 0.5C. The threshold configurations for these three different requirements are shown in the table.

[0060] A battery system using 285Ah lithium iron phosphate cells (1P52S×10 parallel battery clusters) will have a battery life (SOH reduced to 60%) of 13.1 years and a thermal management system power consumption of 126.5 kWh / day if the energy consumption-priority thermal management strategy of this invention is adopted. If the energy consumption-priority thermal management strategy of this invention is adopted, the battery life will be 10.6 years and the thermal management system power consumption will be 83.8 kWh / day.

[0061] Table 1:

[0062] In summary, the thermal management control method and system for energy storage devices provided by this invention dynamically adjusts the thermal management strategy based on communication anomaly detection and battery operating status, enabling intelligent switching between multiple modes of the water-cooled unit, including self-circulation, cooling, and heating. This ensures that the system can maintain basic operation through a preset local mode even in the event of communication anomalies, improving system reliability and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment of the thermal management strategy based on the battery's static or operating state optimizes energy consumption control and extends battery life. Simultaneously, remote control combined with cell temperature and water-cooled unit status enhances the response speed and accuracy of the thermal management system.

[0063] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of thermal management control of an energy storage device, characterized by, The method comprises the steps of: S1, judging whether there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the water-cooled unit and the battery management system, if yes, controlling the water-cooled unit to execute an on-site mode through a man-machine interaction module, otherwise, entering step S2, the on-site mode being a mode of preset initial refrigeration parameters; S2, judging a battery operating state, if the battery operating state is a static state, judging a self-circulation mode, a refrigeration mode or a heating mode according to a real-time temperature of a battery cell and a temperature difference of the battery cell, otherwise, entering step S3; S3, remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute the self-circulation mode, the refrigeration mode or the heating mode according to the real-time temperature of the battery cell, the temperature difference of the battery cell and an outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit; Before the step S2, the method further comprises the steps of: acquiring, by the energy management system, a battery cell charging and discharging rate, a highest temperature of a battery cell, a lowest temperature of the battery cell and the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit, and calculating a temperature difference of the battery cell in real time according to the highest temperature of the battery cell and the lowest temperature of the battery cell; In the step S3, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the refrigeration mode or the heating mode according to the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit, specifically: if the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit is higher than a seventh threshold value and lasts for a third preset time length, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to start the refrigeration mode, and when the outlet water temperature of the water-cooled unit is less than an eighth threshold value, the water-cooled unit is controlled to exit the refrigeration mode; The seventh threshold value is less than the eighth threshold value.

2. The thermal management control method of an energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, The step S1 specifically comprises the steps of: S11, judging whether there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the water-cooled unit, if yes, controlling the water-cooled unit to execute an on-site mode through a man-machine interaction module, otherwise, entering step S12; S12, judging whether there is a communication abnormality between the energy management system and the battery management system, if yes, remotely controlling the water-cooled unit to execute the on-site mode, otherwise, entering step S2.

3. The thermal management control method of an energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, In the step S2, the battery operating state is judged, specifically: when the acquired battery cell charging and discharging rate is less than or equal to a first preset discharging rate and lasts for a first preset time length, the battery operating state is determined to be the static state, otherwise, the battery operating state is a working state.

4. The thermal management control method of an energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, In the step S2, the self-circulation mode, the refrigeration mode or the heating mode is judged according to the real-time temperature of the battery cell and the temperature difference of the battery cell, specifically: when the acquired highest temperature of the battery cell is higher than a first threshold value, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the refrigeration mode; when the acquired lowest temperature of the battery cell is lower than a third threshold value, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the heating mode; when the acquired temperature difference of the battery cell is higher than a fifth threshold value, the water-cooled unit is determined to enter the self-circulation mode.

5. The thermal management control method of an energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, In the step S3, the water-cooled unit is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the refrigeration mode or the heating mode according to the real-time temperature of the battery cell, specifically: If the highest temperature of the battery cell is higher than a first threshold value, the water cooling unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode for a second preset time length, and then the water cooling unit is controlled to switch from the self-circulation mode to the refrigeration mode; when the highest temperature of the battery cell is lower than a second threshold value, the water cooling unit is controlled to exit the refrigeration mode and start the self-circulation mode again for the second preset time length, and then standby is performed; The first threshold value is greater than the second threshold value.

6. The thermal management control method of an energy storage device according to claim 5, wherein, In the step S3, the water cooling unit is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the refrigeration mode or the heating mode according to the real-time temperature of the battery cell, specifically: If the lowest temperature of the battery cell is lower than a third threshold value, the water cooling unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode for a second preset time length, and then the water cooling unit is controlled to switch from the self-circulation mode to the heating mode; when the lowest temperature of the battery cell is higher than a fourth threshold value, the water cooling unit is controlled to exit the heating mode and start the self-circulation mode again for the second preset time length, and then standby is performed. The third threshold value is less than the fourth threshold value, and the fourth threshold value is less than the second threshold value.

7. The thermal management control method of an energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, In the step S3, the water cooling unit is remotely controlled to execute the self-circulation mode, the refrigeration mode or the heating mode according to the temperature difference of the battery cell, specifically: If the temperature difference of the battery cell is higher than a fifth threshold value, the water cooling unit is remotely controlled to start the self-circulation mode, and then when the temperature difference of the battery cell is lower than a sixth threshold value, the water cooling unit is controlled to exit the self-circulation mode; The fifth threshold value is greater than the sixth threshold value.

8. A thermal management control system for an energy storage device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein, The processor executes the computer program to realize the steps in the heat management control method of the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-7.

Images