Electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides electronic equipment. The electronic equipment comprises an antenna. The antenna comprises a radiator, a phase shift circuit and a feed circuit. The feed circuit can feed electrical signals of different phases through the phase shift circuit at the first feed point and the second feed point. The antenna can generate different directional diagrams when electrical signals of different phases are fed in, so that the signal source is always located in an area where the antenna has better radiation characteristics, and the communication quality between the electronic equipment and the signal source is improved.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410661235.9, filed on May 24, 2024, entitled "A Terminal Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] As people's demand for high-speed data transmission increases, the trend in industrial design (ID) of electronic devices is towards larger screen ratios and multiple cameras. This has resulted in a significant reduction in antenna clearance and increasingly limited layout space.

[0004] When users communicate, changes in the relative position between the electronic device and the signal source can cause the signal source to move beyond the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics, resulting in a deterioration in communication quality. Beamforming technology can generate different radiation patterns for the antenna, ensuring that the signal source remains within the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics. However, beamforming technology typically requires a large spacing between the sub-elements of the antenna, which is difficult to achieve in electronic devices with increasingly limited layout space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna includes a first feed point and a second feed point, and the first feed point and the second feed point can be fed with electrical signals of different phases through a phase-shifting circuit.

[0006] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame including a first position, a second position, and a third position sequentially disposed therefrom, the frame having a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the third position respectively, the frame being coupled to the floor at the second position, or the frame being coupled to the floor at the first position and the third position, the frame having a third insulating gap at the second position; an antenna, the antenna including: a radiator, the radiator including a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the third position, the radiator including a first feed point and a second feed point, the first feed point and the second feed point being located on both sides of the second position respectively, and so on. At least a portion of the radiator is spaced apart from the floor; a feeding circuit is coupled to the first feeding point and the second feeding point respectively; a phase-shifting circuit is coupled between the feeding circuit and the first feeding point, the phase-shifting circuit including a first phase-shifting state and a second phase-shifting state; wherein, based on the phase-shifting circuit being in the first phase-shifting state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feeding point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feeding point is a first phase difference; based on the phase-shifting circuit being in the second phase-shifting state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feeding point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feeding point is a second phase difference, the first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, the first and second ends of the radiator are open ends, and the radiator can form a wire antenna structure.

[0008] When the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point is approximately the same as the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point (e.g., the phase difference is less than or equal to 10°), the radiator can resonate using the line CM mode in the above embodiment. When the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 is approximately opposite to the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point (e.g., the phase difference is greater than or equal to 170° and less than or equal to 190°), the radiator can resonate using the line DM mode in the above embodiment.

[0009] By adjusting the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point, the resonance generated by the radiator can have radiation characteristics of a linear CM mode, or a linear DM mode, or a combination of partial linear CM mode and partial linear DM mode.

[0010] Since the resonances produced by radiators with different phase differences can have different radiation characteristics, the radiation beam generated by the antenna can be brought closer to the signal source by adjusting the phase difference, thereby enabling good communication quality between the antenna and the signal source.

[0011] A phase-shifting circuit can include multiple phase-shift states, enabling the radiator to generate multiple different radiation patterns. This allows the antenna to switch between different radiation patterns via the phase-shifting circuit, achieving good radiation characteristics over a wider angular range. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment only uses a phase-shifting circuit with two different phase-shift states as an example. In actual production or design, the phase-shifting circuit can include multiple phase-shift states, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radiator further includes a first matching point and a second matching point, the first matching point being located between the first position and the second position, and the second matching point being located between the second position and the third position; the antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, the first matching circuit being coupled to the first matching point, and the second matching circuit being coupled to the second matching point.

[0013] According to embodiments of this application, the first matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the first feed point to achieve better matching between the feed circuit and the radiator, thereby improving the antenna's radiation characteristics. The second matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the second feed point to achieve better matching between the feed circuit and the radiator, thereby improving the antenna's radiation characteristics.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the second matching state; based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the fourth matching state, wherein the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0015] According to an embodiment of this application, in the first frequency band, since the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is different under different phase shift states of the phase shift circuit, and since the impedance of the radiator (e.g., the impedance at the first feed point or the impedance at the second feed point) is related to the phase of the fed electrical signal, the matching circuit can be adjusted when signals with different phase differences are fed in, so that the antenna has better radiation characteristics.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first matching point and the first feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the first matching point and the first feed point coincide; and / or, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the second matching point and the second feed point coincide.

[0017] According to an embodiment of this application, when the matching point is close to the feed point, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the feed point. In one embodiment, the distance between the matching point and the feed point is zero, and the matching point and the feed point coincide, so they can be coupled to the feed point (matching point) through the same connector to save layout space.

[0018] The feed point is positioned close to the open end of the radiator, where a strong electric field is typically present. This makes it easier to excite the radiator to resonate, facilitating antenna miniaturization. When the matching point (e.g., the first and second matching points) is close to (e.g., at a distance less than or equal to one-eighth, one-sixteenth, or 5 mm of the radiator's length) the open end of the radiator (e.g., the first or third position), the matching circuit (e.g., the first and second matching circuits) can have partial tuning capabilities and exhibit characteristics of a partially tuned circuit because the open end typically has a strong electric field and is more sensitive to components.

[0019] In the embodiments of this application, the example of the antenna operating in the same frequency band is used for illustration. Within the same frequency band, the phase-shifting circuit is in different phase-shift states, allowing the antenna to generate different radiation patterns, thus enabling the antenna 200 to have good radiation characteristics over a large angular range. When the matching circuit has partial tuning functionality, the first frequency band in the above embodiments can simultaneously include multiple different communication frequency bands. The antenna operates in different communication frequency bands at different times (time / time slot) through the matching circuit. Therefore, the technical solution in the embodiments of this application can be understood as a technical solution where the antenna operates in the same communication frequency band.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, based on the frame being coupled to the ground at the second position, the antenna further includes a grounding element, the second position being coupled to the ground through the grounding element, and the width of the connection between the grounding element and the frame being greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0021] According to the embodiments of this application, in actual production or design, the antenna may also include multiple grounding components. The width of the connection between the grounding component and the frame can be understood as the distance between the two grounding components that are furthest apart among the multiple grounding components, or it can be understood as the sum of the widths of the connections between the multiple grounding components and the frame, etc.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length L1 of the radiator between the first position and the second position and the length L2 of the radiator between the second position and the third position satisfy: L2×50%≤L1≤L2×200%.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length P1 of the radiator between the first position and the first feed point and the length P2 of the radiator between the third position and the second feed point satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%. According to embodiments of this application, with the increase of symmetry, the antenna has better radiation characteristics.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radiator is used to generate a first radiation pattern based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state; and the radiator is used to generate a second radiation pattern based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, wherein the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than or equal to 15°.

[0025] According to an embodiment of this application, when the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than a certain range, the antenna can have good radiation characteristics over a larger angle range by switching the first phase shift state or the second phase shift state of the phase shift circuit.

[0026] A phase-shifting circuit can include multiple phase-shift states, allowing the radiator to generate multiple different radiation patterns. This enables the antenna to switch between different radiation patterns via the phase-shifting circuit, achieving good radiation characteristics over a wider angular range.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band; in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first power supply point and the second power supply point is less than or equal to 10 dB.

[0028] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame including a first position, a second position, a third position, and a fourth position sequentially disposed, the frame having an insulating gap or being coupled to the floor at the first position, the frame having an insulating gap or being coupled to the floor at the second position, the frame having an insulating gap or being coupled to the floor at the third position, and the frame having an insulating gap or being coupled to the floor at the fourth position; an antenna, the antenna including: a first radiator, the first radiator including a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, the first radiator including a first feed point, at least a portion of the first radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a second radiator, the second radiator including the portion of the frame at the third position and the first position... The conductive portion between four locations includes: a second radiator comprising a second feed point, at least a portion of which is spaced apart from the floor; a feed circuit coupled to both the first and second feed points; and a phase-shifting circuit coupled between the feed circuit and the first feed point, the phase-shifting circuit comprising a first phase-shift state and a second phase-shift state; wherein, based on the phase-shifting circuit being in the first phase-shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is a first phase difference; based on the phase-shifting circuit being in the second phase-shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is a second phase difference, the first phase difference and the second phase difference being different.

[0029] According to an embodiment of this application, a first radiator can form a first sub-antenna. A second radiator can form a second sub-antenna.

[0030] The radiation characteristics of an antenna can be obtained by superimposing the radiation characteristics of the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna. When the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is different, the antenna will have different radiation characteristics. For example, by adjusting the phase difference, the antenna can have different radiation patterns, and the radiation beam generated by the antenna will be closer to the signal source, thereby achieving good communication quality between the antenna and the signal source.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the distance between the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator is less than the sum of the lengths of the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0032] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band, the distance between the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator is less than one-quarter of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

[0033] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the minimum distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than the length of the first radiator, and the length of the first radiator is greater than the length of the second radiator.

[0034] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band, the minimum distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than one-eighth of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

[0035] According to the embodiments of this application, the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged close to each other (for example, the distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than the above-mentioned threshold), which makes it easier to arrange them in electronic devices where space is increasingly scarce.

[0036] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first radiator further includes a first matching point, and the second radiator further includes a second matching point; the antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, the first matching circuit being coupled to the first matching point, and the second matching circuit being coupled to the second matching point.

[0037] According to embodiments of this application, the first matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the first feed point to achieve better matching between the feed circuit and the radiator, thereby improving the antenna's radiation characteristics. The second matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the second feed point to achieve better matching between the feed circuit and the radiator, thereby improving the antenna's radiation characteristics.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals of the first frequency band; based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the second matching state; based on the phase shift circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the fourth matching state, wherein the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0039] According to an embodiment of this application, in the first frequency band, since the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is different under different phase shift states of the phase shift circuit, and since the impedance of the radiator (e.g., the impedance at the first feed point or the impedance at the second feed point) is related to the phase of the fed electrical signal, the matching circuit can be adjusted when signals with different phase differences are fed in, so that the antenna has better radiation characteristics.

[0040] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the distance between the first matching point and the first feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the first matching point and the first feed point coincide; and / or, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the second matching point and the second feed point coincide.

[0041] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first end of the first radiator is a grounded end and the second end is an open end; the first end of the second radiator is an open end and the second end is a grounded end.

[0042] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the length of the border between the second position and the third position is less than or equal to 5 mm, the border has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the third position respectively, and the border is coupled to the floor at the second position and the fourth position.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the length D1 of the first radiator and the length D2 of the second radiator satisfy: D2×50%≤D1≤D2×200%.

[0044] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the length P1 of the first radiator between the first feed point and the open end of the first radiator and the length P2 of the radiator between the second feed point and the open end of the second radiator satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first radiation pattern; based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a second radiation pattern, wherein the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than or equal to 15°.

[0046] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band; in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first power supply point and the second power supply point is less than or equal to 10 dB.

[0047] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a radiator attached to the back cover of the electronic device, the radiator including a ground region, at least a portion of the ground region being coupled to the floor, the ground region dividing the radiator into a first part and a second part, the first part including a first feed point, the second part including a second feed point, at least a portion of the radiator being spaced apart from the floor; a feed circuit coupled to the first feed point and the second feed point respectively; a phase shifting circuit coupled between the feed circuit and the first feed point, the phase shifting circuit including a first phase shift state and a second phase shift state; wherein, based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is a first phase difference; based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is a second phase difference, the first phase difference and the second phase difference being different.

[0048] According to an embodiment of this application, when the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point is approximately the same as the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point (e.g., the phase difference is less than or equal to 10°), the radiator can resonate using the CM mode of the patch antenna. When the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point is approximately opposite to the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point (e.g., the phase difference is greater than or equal to 170° and less than or equal to 190°), the radiator can resonate using the DM mode of the patch antenna.

[0049] By adjusting the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point, the resonance generated by the radiator can have the radiation characteristics of the CM mode of a patch antenna, or the radiation characteristics of the DM mode of a patch antenna, or the radiation characteristics of the CM mode of a partial patch antenna, and the radiation characteristics of the DM mode of a partial patch antenna.

[0050] Since the resonances produced by radiators with different phase differences can have different radiation characteristics, the radiation beam generated by the antenna can be brought closer to the signal source by adjusting the phase difference, thereby enabling good communication quality between the antenna and the signal source.

[0051] The radiator being attached to the back cover of an electronic device can be understood as the radiator being located on the surface of the back cover, or being disposed on the surface of the back cover through other structural components, or being embedded in the back cover. Alternatively, the radiator being attached to the back cover of an electronic device can also be understood as the radiator being disposed adjacent to the back cover in the electronic device. Here, "adjacent" can be understood as, for example, the distance between the second radiator and the back cover is within 3 mm, or the distance between the radiator and the back cover is within 2 mm, or within 1 mm. In one embodiment, the radiator may be located on one side of the plane of the back cover.

[0052] When the radiator is located inside the electronic device, since the radiator is not located on the outer surface of the electronic device, it allows for a more flexible layout.

[0053] When the radiator is placed outside the electronic device, the antenna has a better radiation environment (e.g., a larger clearance and a greater distance from the electronic components on the PCB), and the antenna has better radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency).

[0054] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first part further includes a first matching point, and the second part further includes a second matching point; the antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, the first matching circuit being coupled to the first matching point, and the second matching circuit being coupled to the second matching point.

[0055] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the second matching state; based on the phase shift circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the fourth matching state, wherein the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0056] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the distance between the first matching point and the first feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the first matching point and the first feed point coincide; and / or, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the second matching point and the second feed point coincide.

[0057] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the dimension M1 of the first part in the first direction and the dimension M2 of the second part in the first direction satisfy: M2×50%≤M1≤M2×200%, and the first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the grounding region.

[0058] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the dimension P1 of the radiator between the grounding region and the first feed point in the first direction and the dimension P2 of the radiator between the grounding region and the second feed point in the first direction satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%, and the first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the grounding region.

[0059] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the radiator is used to generate a first radiation pattern based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state; and the radiator is used to generate a second radiation pattern based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, wherein the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than or equal to 15°.

[0060] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band; in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first power supply point and the second power supply point is less than or equal to 10 dB.

[0061] Fourthly, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a first radiator, the first radiator including a first feed point, the first radiator being attached to the rear cover of the electronic device, a first end of the first radiator being a ground terminal, two ends of the first radiator being open terminals, at least a portion of the first radiator being spaced apart from the floor; and a second radiator, the second radiator including a second feed point, the second radiator being attached to the rear cover of the electronic device, a first end of the second radiator being a ground terminal, two ends of the second radiator being open terminals, at least a portion of the second .... A phase-shifting circuit and a power supply circuit are disposed at intervals from the floor. The phase-shifting circuit is coupled between the power supply circuit and the first power supply point, and the power supply circuit is coupled to the second power supply point. When the phase-shifting circuit is in a first phase-shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first power supply point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second power supply point is a first phase difference. When the phase-shifting circuit is in a second phase-shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first power supply point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second power supply point is a second phase difference. The first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

[0062] According to an embodiment of this application, a first radiator can form a first sub-antenna. A second radiator can form a second sub-antenna. The radiation characteristics of the antenna can be superimposed from the radiation characteristics of the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna. When the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is different, the antenna has different radiation characteristics. For example, by adjusting the phase difference, the antenna can have different radiation patterns, and the radiation beam generated by the antenna is closer to the signal source, thereby achieving good communication quality between the antenna and the signal source.

[0063] When the first radiator and the second radiator are located inside the electronic device, since they are not located on the outer surface of the electronic device, they have a relatively flexible layout.

[0064] When the first radiator and the second radiator are located outside the electronic device, the antenna has a better radiation environment (e.g., a larger clearance and a greater distance from the electronic components on the PCB), and the antenna has better radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency).

[0065] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band, the distance between the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator is less than one-quarter of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band.

[0066] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band, the minimum distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than one-eighth of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

[0067] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first radiator further includes a first matching point, and the second radiator further includes a second matching point; the antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, the first matching circuit being coupled to the first matching point, and the second matching circuit being coupled to the second matching point.

[0068] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the second matching state; based on the phase shift circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit is in the fourth matching state, wherein the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0069] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the distance between the first matching point and the first feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the first matching point and the first feed point coincide; and / or, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the second matching point and the second feed point coincide.

[0070] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first end of the first radiator is an open end and the second end is a grounded end; the first end of the second radiator is an open end and the second end is a grounded end; the dimension N1 of the first radiator in the first direction and the dimension N2 of the second radiator in the second direction satisfy: N2×50%≤N1≤N2×200%, the first direction is the direction from the first end of the first radiator to the second end of the first radiator, and the second direction is the direction from the first end of the second radiator to the second end of the second radiator.

[0071] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first end of the first radiator is an open end and the second end is a grounded end; the first end of the second radiator is an open end and the second end is a grounded end; the dimension P1 of the first radiator between the first feed point and the open end of the first radiator in the first direction and the dimension P2 of the second radiator between the second feed point and the open end of the second radiator in the second direction satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%, where the first direction is the direction from the first end of the first radiator to the second end of the first radiator, and the second direction is the direction from the first end of the second radiator to the second end of the second radiator.

[0072] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first radiation pattern; based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a second radiation pattern, wherein the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than or equal to 15°.

[0073] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band; in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first power supply point and the second power supply point is less than or equal to 10 dB. Attached Figure Description

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of an antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0076] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of an antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0077] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the structure of the common-mode antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0078] Figure 5 This is the structure of the differential mode of the antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution diagram of current, electric field and magnetic current.

[0079] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0080] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0081] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0082] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0083] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to the first phase shift state and the second phase shift state of the phase shift circuit.

[0084] Figure 11 yes Figure 8 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, when the phase difference is 0°.

[0085] Figure 12 yes Figure 8 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to a phase difference of 135°.

[0086] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0087] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0088] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0089] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0090] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0091] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0092] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0093] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0094] Figure 21 yes Figure 18 The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to the first phase shift state and the second phase shift state of the phase shift circuit.

[0095] Figure 22 yes Figure 18 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown is corresponding to a phase difference of 180°.

[0096] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0097] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0098] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0099] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a patch antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0100] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of a patch antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0101] Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to different phase shift states of the phase shifting circuit.

[0102] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0103] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0104] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0105] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0106] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0107] Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0108] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0109] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0110] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this document is merely a description of the same field in the related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0111] The phrase "within the range" used in this application, unless otherwise specified, includes both endpoints of the range by default. For example, in the range of 1 to 5, it includes the values ​​1 and 5.

[0112] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which is understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors conducting electricity through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive components.

[0113] Components / devices: including at least one of lumped components / devices and distributed components / devices.

[0114] Lumped components / devices: This refers to all components whose size is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit's operating frequency. For signals, the characteristics of these components remain constant regardless of frequency. Lumped components / devices can include lumped capacitors, lumped inductors, etc.

[0115] Distributed elements / devices: Unlike lumped elements, when a signal passes through an element, the characteristics of each point within the element will vary depending on the signal. Therefore, the element as a whole cannot be considered a single entity with fixed characteristics, and should be called a distributed element. Distributed elements / devices can include distributed capacitance, distributed inductance, etc.

[0116] Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance includes capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) includes the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0117] Inductance: can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance includes inductive components, such as inductive elements; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) includes the equivalent inductance formed through a conductive element of a certain length, such as the equivalent inductance formed by a conductor due to bending or rotation.

[0118] Radiator: In an antenna, this is the device used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0119] The radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a wire or sheet, and this application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the wire radiator may be simply referred to as a wire antenna. In one embodiment, the wire radiator may be implemented by a conductive frame, and may also be referred to as a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the wire radiator may be implemented by a support conductor, and may also be referred to as a support antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) of the wire radiator, or the radiator of the wire antenna, is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., the length is around 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of wire antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna). For example, in a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating stubs, each fed from the feed end of the radiating stub by a feed section. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be considered as a monopole antenna with an added ground path. An IFA antenna has one feed point and one ground point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is inverted-F shaped. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (also known as a PIFA). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented using a planar conductor (e.g., a conductive sheet or conductive coating). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as silver paste. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, and annular shapes, and this application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a ground plane, wherein the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator and the ground plane.

[0120] Radiators may also include slots or gaps formed on a conductor, for example, closed or semi-closed slots or gaps formed on a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slit radiator may be simply referred to as a slot antenna or a gap antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including width) of the slot or gap of the slot antenna / gap antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), while the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., a length of approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or gap may be simply referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or gap (e.g., an opening added to a closed slot or gap) may be simply referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the gap shape is elongated. In some embodiments, the length of the gap is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the gap is approximately an integer multiple of a wavelength (e.g., one dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed by transmission lines connected across one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field on the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or gap antenna can be implemented by a conductive frame grounded at both ends, also known as a frame antenna; in this embodiment, the slot antenna or gap antenna can be viewed as including a linear radiator, the linear radiator being spaced apart from the ground and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-closed slot or gap. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or gap antenna can be implemented by a support conductor grounded at both ends, also known as a support antenna.

[0121] A power supply circuit is a circuit used for receiving and / or transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals. A power supply circuit can include a transceiver and an RF front-end. In some narrower senses, "power supply circuit" refers to an RF IC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), which can be considered to include both the RF front-end circuit (or RF front-end chip) and the transceiver. The power supply circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., RF signals) into signals (e.g., digital signals). It is generally considered part of the RF component.

[0122] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (or, RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuitry or the radiator of the antenna. The RF front-end circuitry can be considered as the circuitry coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0123] In some embodiments, the radio frequency front-end circuit can be integrated into a radio frequency front-end chip in an electronic device, or the radio frequency front-end circuit and the transceiver can be integrated into a radio frequency chip in an electronic device.

[0124] It should be understood that any two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application may include the same transceiver. For example, one transmit channel of a transceiver may serve as the first feed circuit and one receive channel may serve as the second feed circuit, or for example, the first receive channel of a transceiver may serve as the first feed circuit and the second receive channel may serve as the second feed circuit. Any two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application may also include the same radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, the signal may be processed by a tuning circuit or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end circuit.

[0125] It should also be understood that the two feed circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feed circuit of this application typically correspond to two RF test sockets in an electronic device.

[0126] A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. In another embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the test mount and the radiator. Typically, the matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between the radiator and the ground plane. In one embodiment, the matching circuit may include a tuning circuit and / or electronic components, which may be electronic components for switching the coupling connection of the radiator. The matching circuit has impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. It is typically considered part of the antenna.

[0127] A phase-shifting circuit is a circuit (or device) that can adjust the phase of an electrical signal (radio frequency signal). For example, a phase-shifting circuit includes a phase shifter. In one embodiment, when an electrical signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal) passes through the phase-shifting circuit, the phase of the signal changes. In adjusting the parameters of the phase-shifting circuit, it can provide phase adjustment between 0° and 360° to change the phase of the passing electrical signal.

[0128] It should be understood that an ideal phase-shifting circuit does not change the amplitude of the electrical signal (e.g., voltage value); that is, the electrical signal can pass through without distortion, although its phase has changed. In one embodiment, the phase-shifting circuit can provide one or more states, each corresponding to a different phase shift angle; simply put, the phase-shifting circuit has one or more phase-shift states. It should be understood that these one or more phase-shift states can be achieved by adjusting the circuit parameters of the phase-shifting circuit.

[0129] The grounding / feeding structure may include connectors, such as metal springs, and the radiator is coupled to the ground / feeding circuit via the grounding structure. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding wire, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0130] End / Point: The term "end / point" in the context of the antenna radiator's first end / second end / feed end / ground end / feed point / grounding point / connection point should not be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a point or end physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a point or segment on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to a feed structure or feed circuit (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed circuit). Similarly, a ground end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling region on the antenna radiator that couples to a ground structure or ground circuit (e.g., a region facing a part of the ground circuit).

[0131] Open terminal, closed terminal: In some embodiments, open terminal and closed terminal are, for example, relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In some embodiments, open terminal and closed terminal are, for example, relative to other conductors; the closed terminal is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open terminal is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, free terminal, open terminal, or open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a ground terminal or short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0132] In some embodiments, the understanding of "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. A closed end or ground end can be understood as a point of high current or low electric field on a radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitors, inductors, etc.) through a closed end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field. In one embodiment, opening a slit at or near the closed end (e.g., filling the slit with insulating material) can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field.

[0133] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open terminal" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. An open terminal or a floating terminal can be understood as a point with a small current or a point with a large electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitors, inductors, etc.) through an open terminal can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point with a small current or a large electric field.

[0134] It should be understood that when an electronic device (e.g., capacitor, inductor, etc.) is coupled at the radiator end of a gap (which, from the perspective of the radiator's structure, is similar to the radiator at the opening of an open or floating end), the radiator end can be a point with a large current / small electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0135] The "floating radiator" mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a radiator that is not directly connected to the feed line / feed branch and / or ground line / ground branch, but is fed and / or grounded through indirect coupling.

[0136] It should be understood that "suspended" in "suspended end" or "suspended radiator" does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it. In one embodiment, the suspended radiator may be, for example, a radiator disposed on the inner surface of an insulating back cover.

[0137] The current in the same direction / opposite direction mentioned in the embodiments of this application should be understood as the main current on the same side of the conductor being in the same direction / opposite direction. For example, when a current distributed in the same direction is excited on a conductor that is bent or looped (e.g., the current path is also bent or looped), it should be understood that, for example, the main current excited on the conductors on both sides of a looped conductor (e.g., on the conductors on both sides of a gap) is opposite in direction, but it still falls under the definition of current distributed in the same direction in the embodiments of this application. In one embodiment, current in the same direction on a conductor can mean that the current on the conductor has no reverse point. In one embodiment, current in opposite direction on a conductor can mean that the current on the conductor has at least one reverse point. In one embodiment, current in the same direction on two conductors can mean that the current on both conductors has no reverse point and flows in the same direction. In one embodiment, current in opposite direction on two conductors can mean that the current on both conductors has no reverse point and flows in opposite directions. Current in the same direction / opposite direction on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0138] Resonance / Resonant Frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, when the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application generates "first / second...resonance," the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to a specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0139] Resonant frequency band: The range of resonant frequencies is the resonant frequency band. The frequency range in which the return loss characteristic of the resonant frequency point is less than -5dB can be regarded as the resonant frequency band.

[0140] Communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0141] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or can partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna can cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0142] Electrical length: can be the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0143]

[0144] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0145] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0146] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (air wavelength, or vacuum wavelength) = speed of light / frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3 × 10⁻⁶. 8 m / s. The wavelength of the radiated signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of this application typically refers to the medium wavelength, which can be the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the wavelength can be the medium wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, the "medium wavelength" can also refer to the medium wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band. For ease of understanding, the medium wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be simply calculated using the relative permittivity of the medium filling one or more sides of the radiator.

[0147] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0148] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space by an antenna (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power - loss power; loss power mainly includes return loss power and ohmic loss power of metals and / or dielectric loss power. Radiation efficiency is a measure of an antenna's radiation capability; metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0149] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0150] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0151] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy the antenna reflects back, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna's system efficiency.

[0152] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0153] Antenna radiation pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the graph showing the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field as a function of direction at a certain distance from the antenna (far field). It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna.

[0154] Antenna radiation patterns typically have multiple radiating beams. The beam with the highest radiating intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction to the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0155] Antenna polarization: At a given point in space, the electric field intensity E (vector) is a function of time t. As time progresses, the endpoint of the vector periodically traces a trajectory in space. If this trajectory is a straight line and perpendicular to the ground, it is called vertical polarization; if it is horizontal to the ground, it is called horizontal polarization. If the trajectory is elliptical or circular, and when viewed along the propagation direction, it rotates clockwise or right-handed with time, it is called right-hand circular polarization (RHCP); if it rotates counterclockwise or left-handed with time, it is called left-hand circular polarization (LHCP).

[0156] Ground (GND): can generally refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device, or in other words, can be used as a reference ground for components within an electronic device. Typically, large areas of metal (e.g., metal layers) within an electronic device can serve as "ground." In one embodiment, "ground" can include any one or more of the following: a grounding layer of the electronic device's circuit board, a ground plane formed by the electronic device's frame, a grounding metal layer formed by a thin metal film beneath the screen, a conductive grounding layer of a battery, a metal hinge of a foldable electronic device, a metal back cover of the electronic device (e.g., when at least a portion of the back cover is metal), and conductive or metal components electrically connected to the aforementioned grounding layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-to-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymers, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, the trace layer and the ground layer being electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as displays, touchscreens, input buttons, transmitters, processors, memory, batteries, charging circuits, and system-on-chip (SoC) devices may be mounted on or connected to the circuit board; or electrically connected to the trace layers and / or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source is disposed on a trace layer.

[0157] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0158] Grounding: refers to coupling with the aforementioned ground / floor via a grounding structure and / or grounding circuit. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as through a structural component of the mid-frame to achieve physical grounding at a specific location on the frame (or, physical ground). In another embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as through devices like capacitors / inductors / resistors connected in series or parallel (or, device ground).

[0159] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0160] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 100 may include: a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, but it may also be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover.

[0161] The cover plate 13 can be set close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 from dust.

[0162] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0163] The middle frame 19 mainly serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1The diagram shows PCB 17 positioned between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 17 may also be positioned between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be called a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric substrate in PCB 17. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be located on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal frame 19 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The electronic device 100 may also have other ground planes / grounding layers, as previously described, and will not be repeated here.

[0164] Due to the compact nature of electronic devices, a ground plane / grounding layer is typically provided in the internal space 0-2mm from the inner surface of the frame (e.g., printed circuit boards, mid-frames, screen metal layers, batteries, etc. can all be considered part of the ground plane). In one embodiment, a medium is filled between the frame and the ground plane. The length and width of the rectangle formed by the inner surface contour of the filling medium can be simply considered as the length and width of the ground plane; alternatively, the length and width of the rectangle formed by the superimposed contour of all conductive parts inside the frame can be considered as the length and width of the ground plane.

[0165] The electronic device 100 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this embodiment does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0166] The electronic device 100 may also include a frame 11, which may include a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 100. The frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15.

[0167] In one implementation, the frame 11, primarily composed of conductive material, can be referred to as the conductive frame or metal frame of the electronic device 100, suitable for industrial design (ID) with a metallic appearance. In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 is primarily made of conductive material, such as metal, thus forming the appearance of a metallic frame. In these implementations, the conductive portion of the outer surface of the frame 11 can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 100, and is commonly referred to as a frame antenna.

[0168] In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 is primarily made of a non-conductive material, such as plastic, forming a non-metallic frame appearance suitable for non-metallic IDs. In another implementation, the inner surface of the frame 11 may include a conductive material, such as a metallic material. In this implementation, the conductive portion of the inner surface of the frame 11 can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 100. It should be understood that the radiator (or the conductive material of the inner surface) disposed on the inner surface of the frame 11 can be attached to the non-conductive material of the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 100, achieving better signal transmission performance, and can also be referred to as a frame antenna. It should be noted that the antenna radiator being attached to the non-conductive material of the frame 11 means that the antenna radiator can be tightly attached to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, or it can be embedded inside the non-conductive material, or it can be close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material. For example, there can be a certain small gap between the antenna radiator and the inner surface of the non-conductive material. It should be understood that both the conductive material and the non-conductive material can be considered as part of the frame 11.

[0169] It should be understood that insulating gaps may be present on the frame 11, with the conductive portion of the frame between the insulating gaps and / or between the insulating gaps and the grounding point serving as radiators, thereby forming a frame antenna (it should be understood that the radiator of the frame antenna may also include the conductive portion of the frame between the grounding point and the grounding point). When the frame 11 is formed of a conductive material such as metal, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap in the frame 11 filled with a non-metallic material (insulating material), in which case the gap is visible on the outer surface. When the outer surface of the frame 11 is a non-conductive material, the insulating gap can be understood as the end of the radiator on the inner surface of the frame 11 (e.g., an end not electrically connected to other radiators or conductors), or as a gap formed between radiators on the inner surface of the frame 11, in which a non-metallic material (insulating material) may be provided, or it may not be provided with a non-metallic material, for example, filled with air, in which case the gap is not visible on the outer surface.

[0170] exist Figure 1 In subsequent embodiments, the electronic device 100's frame 11 is described using a metal frame (conductive frame) and a visible slit (an insulating slit visible on the surface). In this case, the metal frame serves as at least part of the antenna radiator. It should be understood that the same technical effect can be achieved when the electronic device 100's frame 11 is a non-metallic frame (a slit not visible on the surface), but for the sake of brevity, it will not be elaborated further.

[0171] The middle frame 19 may include the frame 11. The middle frame 19, including the frame 11, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 13 and the rear cover 21 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the frame to form the housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 may be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 100. It should be understood that "housing" may refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or to any combination of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0172] The frame 11 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. This portion of the frame serving as the radiator may have gaps between it and the rest of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 may have an aperture at this portion of the frame serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0173] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the middle frame 19, for example, by means of spring clips, screws, welding, etc. The protrusions of the frame 11 can also be used to receive feed signals, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of the antenna to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. A gap may exist between this portion of the frame acting as the radiator and the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, enabling the antenna to have good signal transmission capabilities.

[0174] The back cover 21 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or other non-metallic back cover; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the back cover 21, which includes conductive material, can replace the middle frame 19 and form an integral part with the frame 11, providing support for the electronic components in the whole device.

[0175] In one embodiment, conductive portions in the mid-frame 19 and / or rear cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 100, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the mid-frame.

[0176] The antenna of electronic device 100 can also be housed inside the casing, such as a bracket antenna, millimeter-wave antenna, etc. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The clearance of the antenna disposed within the housing can be obtained by a slot / aperture on any of the middle frame, and / or side frame, and / or back cover, and / or display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of them. The clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation characteristics of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive components within the electronic device 100, through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), etc. In one embodiment, the antenna can also be a transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 100, making the antenna a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 100.

[0177] Figure 1 The electronic device 100 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0178] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front, the side where the back cover is located as the back, and the side where the frame is located as the side.

[0179] First, by Figures 2 to 5 This application will cover four antenna modes. Among them, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of an antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna radiator is open at both ends, and its common-mode and differential-mode modes can be referred to as line common-mode and line differential-mode, respectively. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of an antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The antenna radiator is grounded at both ends, and its common-mode and differential-mode modes can be referred to as slot common-mode and slot differential-mode, respectively.

[0180] It should be understood that the "common mode" or "CM mode" in this application includes line common mode and slot common mode, while the "differential mode" or "DM mode" in this application includes line differential mode and slot differential mode, which can be determined according to the antenna structure.

[0181] It should be understood that the "common-differential mode" or "CM-DM mode" in this application refers to the line common mode and line differential mode generated on the same radiator, or the slot common mode and slot differential mode generated on the same radiator, which can be determined according to the antenna structure.

[0182] 1. Common mode (CM) mode

[0183] Figure 2Figure (a) shows that the radiator of antenna 40 is open at both ends and connected to a feed circuit (not shown) at the middle position 41. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 is fed in a symmetrical feed configuration. The feed circuit can be connected to the middle position 41 of antenna 40 via feed wire 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feed can be understood as one end of the feed circuit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feed circuit and the radiator (feed point) is located at the center of the radiator, which may be, for example, the midpoint of the geometry, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a certain area within a certain range near the aforementioned midpoint).

[0184] The middle position 41 of the antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the connection point between the feed line 42 and the antenna 40, which covers the middle position 41.

[0185] Figure 2 Figure (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of antenna 40. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current exhibits an opposite distribution on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, a symmetrical distribution; the electric field exhibits a unidirectional distribution on both sides of the middle position 41. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 42 exhibits a unidirectional distribution. Based on the unidirectional current distribution at feeder line 42, Figure 2 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called a line CM feed. This is based on the fact that the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 42. Figure 2 The antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the line CM mode (or simply CM mode; for example, for a line antenna, CM mode refers to the line CM mode). Figure 2 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the line CM mode, respectively.

[0186] The current is stronger at the middle position 41 of antenna 40 (the current is strongest near the middle position 41 of antenna 40), and weaker at both ends of antenna 40. Figure 2 As shown in (b) of the diagram. The electric field is weaker at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 and stronger at both ends of the antenna 40.

[0187] 2. Differential mode (DM)

[0188] like Figure 3Image (a) shows that the two radiators of antenna 50 have open ends on both sides and are connected to a feed circuit at the middle position 51. In one embodiment, antenna 50 is fed using an anti-symmetrical feed. One end of the feed circuit is connected to one of the radiators via a feed wire 52, and the other end of the feed circuit is connected to the other radiator via a feed wire 52. The middle position 51 can be the geometric center of antenna 50, or the gap formed between the radiators.

[0189] It should be understood that the "center-antisymmetric feeding" mentioned in this application can be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit being connected to two connection points near the midpoint of the radiator. In one embodiment, the signal amplitudes output by the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit are the same, but the phases are opposite, for example, the phase difference is 180°±10°.

[0190] Figure 3 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of antenna 50. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current in the antenna 50 is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 51, for example, an antisymmetric distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 52 exhibits a reverse distribution. Based on the reverse current distribution at feeder line 52, Figure 3 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called a line DM feed. This is based on the fact that the current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 52. Figure 3 The antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the line DM mode (or simply DM mode; for example, for a line antenna, DM mode refers to the line DM mode). Figure 3 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field in the line DM mode, respectively.

[0191] The current is stronger at the middle position 51 of antenna 50 (the current is strongest near the middle position 51 of antenna 50), and weaker at both ends of antenna 50. Figure 3 As shown in (b) of the diagram. The electric field is weaker at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50 and stronger at both ends of the linear antenna 50.

[0192] It should be understood that an antenna radiator can be considered as a metal structural component that generates radiation, and its quantity can be one, such as... Figure 2 As shown, or, it can be two items, such as Figure 3 As shown, adjustments can be made according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the line CM mode, it can also be as follows: Figure 3The diagram illustrates the use of two radiators, positioned opposite each other with a gap between them. Symmetrical feeding is employed at the two ends closest to each other; for example, feeding the same feed source signal into both ends of the two radiators can achieve the same result as... Figure 2 The antenna structure shown achieves a similar effect. Correspondingly, for line DM mode, it can also be done as follows... Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a radiator with two feed points positioned at its center, using an anti-symmetrical feeding method. For example, by feeding signals of the same amplitude but opposite phase to the two symmetrical feed points on the radiator, a signal similar to [the one described above] can be obtained. Figure 3 The antenna structure shown has a similar effect.

[0193] 3. Line CM-DM mode

[0194] The above Figure 2 and Figure 3 The paper shows the line CM mode and line DM mode generated by different feeding methods when both ends of the radiator are open.

[0195] When the antenna uses asymmetrical feeding (the feed point is off-center from the radiator, including side-feed or offset feeding), or when the grounding point of the radiator (coupled to the ground) is asymmetrical (off-center from the radiator), the antenna can simultaneously generate a first resonance and a second resonance, corresponding to the line CM mode and the line DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the line CM mode, with current and electric field distributions as follows: Figure 2 As shown in (b) above. The second resonance corresponds to the line DM mode, and the current and electric field distribution is as follows. Figure 3 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0196] 4. Slot CM mode

[0197] Figure 4 The radiator of the antenna 60 shown in (a) has a slot or slit 61, or the radiator of the antenna 60 and ground (e.g., a floor, which may be a PCB) enclose the slot or slit 61. The slot 61 can be formed by slotting in the floor. An opening 62 is provided on one side of the slot 61, and the opening 62 may be specifically located at the middle of that side. The middle of this side of the slot 61 may be, for example, the geometric midpoint of the antenna 60, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the area where the opening 62 is located on the radiator covers the middle of this side. A feed circuit can be connected to the opening 62, and an antisymmetric feed is used. It should be understood that antisymmetric feed can be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feed circuit being connected to the two ends of the radiator, respectively. The signal amplitudes output by the positive and negative poles of the feed circuit are the same, but the phases are opposite, for example, a phase difference of 180° ± 10°.

[0198] Figure 4(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of antenna 60. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the current is unidirectionally distributed around slot 61 on the conductors (such as the floor and / or radiator 60) surrounding slot 61, the electric field is oppositely distributed on both sides of the middle position of slot 61, and the magnetic current is oppositely distributed on both sides of the middle position of slot 61. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the electric field at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is in the same direction, and the magnetic current at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is also in the same direction. Based on the fact that the magnetic current at opening 62 (the feed point) is in the same direction, Figure 4 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called a slot CM feed. This is based on the current exhibiting a unidirectional distribution (e.g., antisymmetric distribution) on the radiators on both sides of opening 62, or on the current exhibiting a unidirectional distribution around slot 61 on the conductors surrounding slot 61. Figure 4 The antenna mode shown in (b) can be called slot CM mode (or simply CM mode; for example, for slot antennas, CM mode refers to slot CM mode). Figure 4 The electric field, current, and magnetic current distribution shown in (b) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the slot CM mode.

[0199] The magnetic field is weaker at the middle of antenna 60 and stronger at both ends. The electric field is stronger at the middle of antenna 60 (the largest electric field is located near the middle of antenna 60) and weaker at both ends. Figure 4 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0200] 5. Slot DM Mode

[0201] like Figure 5 The antenna 70 shown in (a) has a slot or slit 72 in its radiator, or the slot or slit 72 may be formed by the radiator of the antenna 70 and ground (e.g., a floor, which may be a PCB). The slot 72 can be formed by slotting in the floor. A feed circuit is connected at the middle position 71 of the slot 72, and symmetrical feeding is used. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feed circuit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feed circuit and the radiator (feed point) is located at the center of the radiator, which may be, for example, the midpoint of the geometry, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a certain area near the aforementioned midpoint). The positive terminal of the feed circuit is connected at the middle position of one side of the slot 72, and the negative terminal of the feed circuit is connected at the middle position of the other side of the slot 72. The middle position of the side of slot 72 can be, for example, the middle position of slot antenna 60 / the middle position of ground, such as the geometric midpoint of slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of radiator, such as the middle position 51 of the side covered by the connection between the feed circuit and the radiator.

[0202] Figure 5(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of antenna 70. Figure 5 As shown in (b), on the conductors (such as the floor and / or radiator 60) surrounding slot 72, the current is distributed around slot 72, and the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 71. The electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71, and the magnetic current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71. The magnetic current at the feed circuit is distributed in opposite directions (not shown). Based on the opposite magnetic current distribution at the feed circuit, Figure 5 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called a slot DM feed. This is based on the current exhibiting an opposite distribution (e.g., symmetrical distribution) on both sides of the connection between the feed circuit and the radiator, or based on the current exhibiting an opposite distribution (e.g., symmetrical distribution) around slot 71. Figure 5 The antenna mode shown in (b) can be called slot DM mode (or simply DM mode; for example, for slot antennas, DM mode refers to slot DM mode). Figure 5 The electric field, current, and magnetic current distribution shown in (b) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the slot DM mode.

[0203] The current is weaker at the middle of antenna 70 and stronger at both ends. The electric field is stronger at the middle of antenna 70 (the largest electric field is located near the middle of antenna 60) and weaker at both ends of slot antenna 70. Figure 5 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0204] It should be understood that the radiator of an antenna can be understood as a metallic structural component that generates radiation (e.g., including a portion of the floor), and may include openings, such as... Figure 4 As shown, or it could be a complete ring, such as Figure 5 As shown, adjustments can be made according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the CM (Channel Module) pattern, it can also be adjusted as follows: Figure 5 The diagram shows a complete annular radiator. Two feed points are positioned in the middle of the radiator on one side of slot 61, using an anti-symmetrical feeding method. For example, signals with the same amplitude but opposite phase can be fed into both ends of the original opening position to obtain signals similar to those shown. Figure 4 The antenna structure shown achieves a similar effect. Correspondingly, for the slot DM mode, it can also be done as follows... Figure 4 The diagram shows a radiator with an opening, and symmetrical feeding at both ends of the opening. For example, the same feed source signal can be fed into both ends of the radiator on both sides of the opening to obtain the same signal. Figure 5 The antenna structure shown has a similar effect.

[0205] 6. Slotted CM-DM mode.

[0206] The above Figure 4 and Figure 5The diagrams show how different power supply methods are used to generate slot CM mode and slot DM mode for the slot structure.

[0207] When the antenna is fed asymmetrically (the feed point deviates from the center position, including side-feed or offset feed), or the opening on one side of the slot is asymmetrical (the opening deviates from the center position on that side), the antenna can simultaneously generate a first resonance and a second resonance, corresponding to the slot CM mode and slot DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the slot CM mode, and the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in (b) above. The second resonance corresponds to the slot DM mode, and the current, electric field, and magnetic current distributions are as follows. Figure 5 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0208] When users communicate, changes in the relative position between the electronic device and the signal source can cause the signal source to move beyond the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics, resulting in a deterioration in communication quality. Beamforming technology can generate different radiation patterns for the antenna, ensuring that the signal source remains within the area where the antenna has good radiation characteristics. However, beamforming technology typically requires a large spacing between the sub-elements of the antenna, which is difficult to achieve in electronic devices with increasingly limited layout space.

[0209] This application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna includes a first feed point and a second feed point, which can be fed with electrical signals of different phases via a phase-shifting circuit. The antenna can generate different radiation patterns when fed with electrical signals of different phases, thereby improving the communication quality between the electronic device and the signal source.

[0210] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0211] like Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes a frame 11, an antenna 200, and a floor 300.

[0212] The frame 11 includes a first position 201, a second position 202, and a third position 203 arranged sequentially. The frame 11 has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position 201 and the third position 203, respectively. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the second position 202.

[0213] In one embodiment, the width of the first insulating gap is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0214] It should be understood that the width of the gaps on the frame in the embodiments of this application can all be within the above-mentioned range, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail. Among them, "width of insulating gap" should be understood as the dimension in the direction extending between two conductive materials (e.g., two radiators).

[0215] Antenna 200 includes: radiator 210, phase shifting circuit 220 and feed circuit 230.

[0216] The radiator 210 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between a first position 201 and a third position 203. At least a portion of the radiator 210 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

[0217] The radiator 210 includes a first feed point 211 and a second feed point 212. The second position 202 is located between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212.

[0218] In one embodiment, the first feed point 211 is located between the first position 201 and the second position 202. The second feed point 212 is located between the second position 202 and the third position 203.

[0219] The phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled between the feed circuit 230 and the first feed point 211. The feed circuit 230 is coupled to the second feed point 212. The first port of the phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled to the feed circuit 230, and the second port is coupled to the first feed point 211.

[0220] In one embodiment, the phase-shifting circuit 220 can be used to adjust the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212. The phase-shifting circuits described in the embodiments of this application can all be understood accordingly, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail here.

[0221] When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the first phase difference. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the second phase difference. The first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

[0222] According to the embodiments of this application, the first and second ends of the radiator 210 are open ends, and the radiator 210 can form a wire antenna structure.

[0223] When the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 is approximately the same as the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 (e.g., the phase difference is less than or equal to 10°), the radiator 210 can resonate using the line CM mode in the above embodiment. When the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 is approximately opposite to the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 (e.g., the phase difference is greater than or equal to 170° and less than or equal to 190°), the radiator 210 can resonate using the line DM mode in the above embodiment.

[0224] By adjusting the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212, the resonance generated by the radiator 210 can have radiation characteristics of a linear CM mode, or a linear DM mode, or a partial linear CM mode and a partial linear DM mode.

[0225] Since the resonance generated by the radiator 210 at different phase differences can have different radiation characteristics, the radiation beam generated by the antenna 200 can be brought closer to the signal source by adjusting the phase difference, thereby enabling good communication quality between the antenna 200 and the signal source.

[0226] In one embodiment, when the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a first phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first radiation pattern. When the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a second phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a second radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern are different.

[0227] The difference between the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern can be understood as the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern being different from that of the second radiation pattern. In one embodiment, the angle between the maximum radiation directions of the first and second radiation patterns is greater than or equal to 15°. In another embodiment, the angle between the maximum radiation directions of the first and second radiation patterns is greater than or equal to 30°. In yet another embodiment, the angle between the maximum radiation directions of the first and second radiation patterns is greater than or equal to 45°.

[0228] It should be understood that the maximum radiation direction described in the embodiments of this application can be understood in one embodiment as the direction in which the maximum gain in the radiation pattern generated by the antenna is directed, in another embodiment as the direction in which the maximum gain in a continuous radiation area (within which the gain is greater than or equal to a threshold) in the radiation pattern generated by the antenna is directed, and in yet another embodiment as the direction in which the maximum gain in a preset radiation area (e.g., the top area of ​​an electronic device) in the radiation pattern generated by the antenna is directed (e.g., the antenna has multiple maximum radiation directions, one towards the top and one towards the back cover, assuming that the top is the main radiation area, and the back cover direction may have a single angle that exceeds the maximum gain of the main radiation area, but the maximum radiation direction described in the embodiments of this application only considers the direction in which the maximum gain in the main radiation area in the radiation pattern is directed).

[0229] In one embodiment, the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is less than or equal to 120°. In another embodiment, the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is less than or equal to 90°. Both the first and second radiation patterns can be understood accordingly in the embodiments of this application, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail further.

[0230] It should be understood that by adjusting the phase shift circuit 220 to the first phase shift state or the second phase shift state, the antenna 200 can have good radiation characteristics in different angular ranges.

[0231] When the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than a certain range, the antenna 200 can maintain good radiation characteristics over a larger angle range by switching the first phase shift state or the second phase shift state of the phase shift circuit 220. When the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is less than a certain range, the antenna 200 can maintain good radiation characteristics over a continuous angle range by switching the first phase shift state or the second phase shift state of the phase shift circuit 220, and there are no angles with poor radiation characteristics within this range.

[0232] In one embodiment, the phase-shifting circuit 220 can also be in a third phase-shift state, where the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the third phase difference. The first phase difference, the second phase difference, and the third phase difference are different. In one embodiment, the radiator 210 is used to generate a third radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern, the second radiation pattern, and the third radiation pattern are all different.

[0233] It should be understood that the phase-shifting circuit 220 may include multiple phase-shift states, enabling the radiator 210 to generate multiple different radiation patterns. This allows the antenna 200 to switch between different radiation patterns via the phase-shifting circuit 220, achieving good radiation characteristics over a wider angular range. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment only uses two different phase-shifting states of the phase-shifting circuit 220 as an example. In actual production or design, the phase-shifting circuit 220 may include multiple phase-shifting states, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0234] In one embodiment, the first feed point 211 may be close to the first position 201. For example, the length of the border 11 between the first feed point 211 and the first position 201 is less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm, etc.

[0235] In one embodiment, the second feed point 212 may be close to the third position 203. For example, the length of the border 11 between the second feed point 212 and the third position 203 is less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm, etc.

[0236] It should be understood that when the feed point is set close to the open end of the radiator 210, the open end usually has a strong electric field, and the feed point is more likely to excite the radiator 210 to resonate, which facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna 200.

[0237] In one embodiment, the length P1 of the radiator 210 between the first position 201 and the first feed point 211 and the length P2 of the radiator 210 between the third position 203 and the second feed point 212 satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%.

[0238] In one embodiment, the length Q1 of the radiator 210 between the second position 202 and the first feed point 211 and the length Q2 of the radiator 210 between the second position 202 and the second feed point 212 satisfy: Q2×80%≤Q1≤Q2×120%.

[0239] It should be understood that with the increase in symmetry, antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0240] In one embodiment, the power supply circuit 230 is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band.

[0241] In one embodiment, in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is less than or equal to 10 dB.

[0242] The isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 being less than or equal to 10dB can be understood as the S12 / S21 curve in the S-parameters having at least a portion of the frequency band in the first frequency band being greater than or equal to -10dB.

[0243] In this embodiment, isolation can be understood as the ability of two ports to influence each other. The greater the isolation, the less impact one port has on the other when an electrical signal is fed into it. Conversely, the smaller the isolation, the greater the impact one port has on the other when an electrical signal is fed into it.

[0244] It should be understood that the isolation between two measurement points can also reflect the degree of coupling between these two measurement points. In the embodiments of this application, the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 both receive electrical signals of the first frequency band fed by the same feed circuit 230. The first feed point 211, the second feed point 212, and the radiator 210 (or the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 in the following embodiments) can be regarded as a single antenna. The radiator 210 (or the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 in the following embodiments) provided in this single antenna satisfies the following condition: when fed by the first feed point and the second feed point respectively, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is less than or equal to 10dB. In other words, the portion of the radiator 210 provided in the embodiments of this application that provides two feed points has a strong coupling relationship, or the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 provided in the subsequent embodiments have a strong coupling relationship.

[0245] The isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 can be measured in the following ways: when the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 are not fed with electrical signals simultaneously, for example, when only the first feed point 211 is fed with an electrical signal, the isolation between the second feed point 212 and the first feed point 211 can be measured; or, for example, when only the second feed point 212 is fed with an electrical signal, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 can be measured. For example, when an electrical signal is fed into the radiator 210 at the first feed point 211, the electrical signal received at the second feed point 212 is measured, and the isolation between the second feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 can be determined based on the received electrical signal (e.g., based on the S12 / S21 curve in the S-parameters).

[0246] It should be understood that since both the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 are located on the radiator 210, the coupling between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is strong. Therefore, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is low.

[0247] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the radiator 210 between the first position 201 and the second position 202 and the length L2 of the radiator 210 between the second position 202 and the third position 203 satisfy: L2×50%≤L1≤L2×200%.

[0248] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the radiator 210 between the first position 201 and the second position 202 and the length L2 of the radiator 210 between the second position 202 and the third position 203 satisfy: L2×80%≤L1≤L2×120%.

[0249] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the radiator 210 between the first position 201 and the second position 202 and the length L2 of the radiator 210 between the second position 202 and the third position 203 satisfy: L2×90%≤L1≤L2×110%. It should be understood that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics with increasing symmetry.

[0250] In one embodiment, the second location 202 may be located in the central region of the radiator 210, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0251] The central region can be understood as the area within 5 mm of the center of the radiator 210, with the radiators 210 on both sides of the center having the same length. The center of the radiator 210 can be understood as the geometric center of the radiator 210. The radiators 210 on both sides of the center have the same length; for example, the distance between the center and both ends (open end or ground end) of the radiator 210 is the same. For the sake of brevity, the center of the radiator described in the embodiments of this application can be understood accordingly.

[0252] It should be understood that when the second position 202 is located in the central region, the resonance generated by the line CM in the antenna 200, or partially generated by the line CM, can have better radiation characteristics. Simultaneously, by increasing the structural symmetry of the antenna 200, the antenna 200 can also have better radiation characteristics.

[0253] In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved at the second location 202 via a grounding element 240. One end of the grounding element 240 is coupled to the second location 202, and the other end is coupled to the ground plane 300. The width of the connection between the grounding element 240 and the frame 11 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm, so as to provide better isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212.

[0254] It should be understood that the grounding point, and / or connection point, and / or grounding area described in the embodiments of this application can all be implemented by a metal spring or a connecting rib structure between the metal spring and the middle plate of the middle frame. When a metal component such as a metal spring is used, the distance between the grounding point, and / or connection point, etc., and other points or ends on the radiator can be understood as the distance measured from the center of the metal spring. When a connecting rib structure between the metal spring and the middle plate of the middle frame is used, the distance between the grounding point, and / or connection point, etc., and other points or ends on the radiator can be understood as the distance measured from the edge of one end of the connecting rib structure.

[0255] For the sake of brevity, this embodiment of the application only uses the example of antenna 200 including one grounding element. In actual production or design, antenna 200 may also include multiple grounding elements. This embodiment of the application does not limit this. The width of the connection between the grounding element and the frame 11 can be understood as the distance between the two grounding elements that are farthest apart among the multiple grounding elements, or it can be understood as the sum of the widths of the connections between the multiple grounding elements and the frame 11, etc.

[0256] In one embodiment, when the grounding element includes at least a portion of the central region of the radiator 210, the second location 202 can be considered to be located in the central region of the radiator 210.

[0257] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 further includes a first matching circuit 241. The radiator 210 also includes a first matching point 231 located between a first position 201 and a second position 202. The first matching circuit 241 is coupled to the first matching point 231.

[0258] It should be understood that the first matching circuit 241 can be used to adjust the impedance of the radiator 210. For example, the first matching circuit 241 can be used to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211 so that the feed circuit 230 and the radiator 210 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0259] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point 231 and the first power supply point 211 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0260] It should be understood that when the first matching point 231 is close to the first feed point 211, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211.

[0261] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point 231 and the first feed point 211 is zero, and the first matching point 231 and the first feed point 211 coincide. The first feed point 211 (first matching point 231) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the first matching circuit 241 through the same connector to save layout space.

[0262] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 further includes a second matching circuit 242. The radiator 210 also includes a second matching point 232 located between a third position 203 and a second position 202. The second matching circuit 242 is coupled to the second matching point 232.

[0263] It should be understood that the second matching circuit 242 can be used to adjust the impedance of the radiator 210. For example, the second matching circuit 242 can be used to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212 so that the feed circuit 230 and the radiator 210 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0264] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point 232 and the second power supply point 212 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0265] It should be understood that when the second matching point 232 is close to the second feed point 212, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212.

[0266] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point 232 and the second feed point 212 is zero, and the second matching point 232 and the second feed point 212 coincide. The second feed point 212 (second matching point 232) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the second matching circuit 242 through the same connector to save layout space.

[0267] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in a first phase shift state, the first matching circuit 241 is in a first matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in a second phase shift state, the first matching circuit 241 is in a third matching state, and the first matching state and the third matching state are different.

[0268] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the second matching circuit 242 is in the second matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the second matching circuit 242 is in the fourth matching state, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0269] In this embodiment, the matching state can be understood as the circuit state of the matching circuit, and different matching states can be understood as different circuit states. It should be understood that the matching circuit includes electronic components coupled to the radiator 210 in the matching circuit, or equivalent electronic components coupled to the radiator 210 in the matching circuit (equivalent electronic components between the floor 300 and the connection point). Different matching states can be understood as different electronic components coupled to the radiator 210 in the matching circuit, or different equivalent capacitance, equivalent resistance, or equivalent inductance values ​​of the equivalent electronic components coupled to the radiator 210 in the matching circuit. All matching states in this embodiment can be understood accordingly, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be elaborated further.

[0270] It should be understood that, since the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is different under different phase shift states, and since the impedance of the radiator 210 (e.g., the impedance at the first feed point 211 or the impedance at the second feed point 212) is related to the phase of the fed electrical signal, the matching circuit can be adjusted when signals with different phase differences are fed in, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0271] Meanwhile, when the matching points (e.g., the first matching point 231 and the second matching point 232) are close to (e.g., the distance is less than or equal to one-eighth, one-sixteenth, or 5 mm of the length of the radiator 210) the open end of the radiator 210 (e.g., the first position 201, the third position 203), since the open end usually has a strong electric field and is more sensitive to the components, the matching circuit (e.g., the first matching circuit 241 and the second matching circuit 242) can have a partial tuning function and have the characteristics of a partial tuning circuit.

[0272] In the embodiments of this application, the description is based on the example of antenna 200 operating in the same frequency band. Within the same frequency band, the phase shift circuit 220 is in different phase shift states, allowing antenna 200 to generate different radiation patterns, thus enabling antenna 200 to have good radiation characteristics over a large angular range. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the technical solution can be understood as antenna 200 operating in the same communication frequency band. However, this is not intended to limit antenna 200 to operating in multiple communication frequency bands. It should be understood that when antenna 200 includes a tuning circuit (which may be included within the matching circuit or be an additional circuit), the tuning circuit can switch the first frequency band in the above embodiments between multiple different communication frequency bands. In this case, antenna 200 operates in different communication frequency bands at different times (time / time slot) through the tuning circuit.

[0273] In one embodiment, antenna 200 operates in the transmission frequency band of satellite communication. By adjusting the matching state of the matching circuit, antenna 200 can exhibit better impedance characteristics when fed with electrical signals of different phases at the feed point, and antenna 200 has good radiation characteristics in the transmission frequency band. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, first matching circuit 241 is in the first matching state. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, first matching circuit 241 is in the third matching state, and the first and third matching states are different. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, second matching circuit 242 is in the second matching state. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, second matching circuit 242 is in the fourth matching state, and the second and fourth matching states are different.

[0274] In one embodiment, antenna 200 operates in the receiving frequency band of satellite communication. By adjusting the matching state of the matching circuit, antenna 200 can exhibit better impedance characteristics when receiving electrical signals of different phases at the feed point, and antenna 200 has good radiation characteristics in the receiving frequency band. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, first matching circuit 241 is in the first matching state. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, first matching circuit 241 is in the third matching state, and the first and third matching states are different. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, second matching circuit 242 is in the second matching state. When phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, second matching circuit 242 is in the fourth matching state, and the second and fourth matching states are different.

[0275] In one embodiment, the border 11 includes a first side 131 and a second side 132 that intersects the first side 131 at an angle, wherein the length of the first side 131 is less than the length of the second side 132.

[0276] It should be understood that the first edge 131 can be the top edge or the bottom edge of the electronic device 100. For the sake of brevity, only the top edge of the electronic device 100 will be used as an example for explanation. The top edge / bottom edge of the electronic device 100 can be understood as the top / bottom edge in normal use. For example, in a mobile phone, it can be understood as the top / bottom edge under the desktop user interface (GUI).

[0277] When the electronic device 100 is a foldable electronic device comprising multiple housings, the first side 131 can be understood as the short side of the electronic device 100 in its folded state or in its unfolded state. For example, in a large-fold type electronic device (which can be understood as still displaying a desktop user interface in the folded state), the first side 131 can be understood as the short side of the electronic device 100 in its folded state. As another example, in a small-fold type electronic device (which can be understood as only displaying a desktop user interface in the unfolded state), the first side 131 can be understood as the short side of the electronic device 100 in its unfolded state. The first side 131 can be understood accordingly in all embodiments of this application, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be elaborated further.

[0278] In one embodiment, the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203 are located on the first side 131.

[0279] In one embodiment, the first position 201 is located on the first side 131. The third position 203 is located on the second side 132. The second position 202 is located on either the first side 131 or the second side 132. A portion of the radiator 210 is located on the first side 131 and a portion is located on the second side 132, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown.

[0280] In one embodiment, the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203 are located on the second side 132, such as... Figure 9 As shown.

[0281] It should be understood that the radiator 210 can be located at any position on the electronic device 100. This application embodiment does not limit this and can be determined according to actual production or design.

[0282] In one embodiment, the distance (e.g., the maximum distance) between the radiator 210 and the first side 131 along the extension direction (e.g., the z-direction) of the second side 132 is less than or equal to half the length of the second side 132.

[0283] It should be understood that the radiator 210 can be located in the upper half of the electronic device 10 (the area near the top, the positive half of the z-axis in the coordinate system) to avoid the influence of the user holding the electronic device 100 on the antenna 200, which is more conducive to the antenna 200 improving its radiation characteristics, so that the electronic device 100 and the signal source have good communication quality.

[0284] Figures 10 to 12 yes Figure 8 The simulation results of the antenna radiation pattern in the electronic device 100 shown. Figure 10 yes Figure 8 The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to the first phase shift state and the second phase shift state of the phase shift circuit. Figure 11 yes Figure 8 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, when the phase difference is 0°. Figure 12 yes Figure 8 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to a phase difference of 135°.

[0285] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, in Figure 10 In the two-dimensional orientation diagram shown, only the case of Theta = 0° and Phi = 0° (or 180°) is used for explanation. Theta can be understood as the angle with the positive z-axis in the coordinate system, and Theta can be understood as the angle with the positive x-axis in the xoy plane of the coordinate system.

[0286] like Figure 10 As shown, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state (first phase difference is 180°), the antenna generates a first radiation pattern. In the first radiation pattern, the antenna has better radiation characteristics on the Phi = 0° side. The maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern is on the Phi = 0° side, located between 0° ≤ Theta ≤ 90°.

[0287] When the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in the second phase-shift state (second phase difference of 225°), the antenna generates a second radiation pattern. In the second radiation pattern, the antenna has better radiation characteristics on the Phi = 180° side. The maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern is on the Phi = 180° side, located between 0° ≤ Theta ≤ 60°.

[0288] It should be understood that when the phase shift circuit 220 is in different phase shift states (the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is different), the antenna can generate different radiation patterns.

[0289] For example, when the phase difference between the electrical signal at the first feed point and the electrical signal at the second feed point is 0°, the antenna has good radiation characteristics in the lower half region of the electronic device (the region near the bottom, the negative z-axis region in the coordinate system). Figure 11 As shown.

[0290] For example, when the phase difference between the electrical signal at the first feed point and the electrical signal at the second feed point is 135°, the antenna has good radiation characteristics in the left-side region of the electronic device (the region near the left side, the negative half-axis region of the x-axis in the coordinate system), such as... Figure 12 As shown.

[0291] For the sake of brevity, this application embodiment only takes the phase shifting circuit having the above-mentioned different phase shift states as an example. In actual production or design, the phase shifting circuit may include multiple phase shift states, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0292] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0293] like Figure 13 As shown, the frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the first position 201 and the third position 203. The frame 11 has a third insulating gap at the second position 202.

[0294] It should be understood that Figure 13 The electronic device 100 shown is Figures 6 to 9 The only difference between the electronic devices 100 shown is the boundary conditions of the radiator 210. Figures 6 to 9 In the illustrated electronic device 100, the first and second ends of the radiator 210 are open, and the radiator 210 can form a wire antenna structure. The resonance generated by the radiator 210 has radiation characteristics of a wire CM mode, or a wire DM mode, or a combination of both.

[0295] And in Figure 13 In the illustrated electronic device 100, the first and second ends of the radiator 210 are grounded, and the radiator 210 can form a slot antenna structure. The resonance generated by the radiator 210 has the radiation characteristics of slot CM mode, or slot DM mode, or a combination of slot CM mode and slot DM mode.

[0296] In one embodiment, the first feed point 211 may be close to the second position 202. For example, the length of the border 11 between the first feed point 211 and the second position 202 is less than or equal to 10mm, 5mm, etc.

[0297] In one embodiment, the second feed point 212 may be close to the second position 202. For example, the length of the border 11 between the second feed point 212 and the second position 202 is less than or equal to 10 mm or 5 mm.

[0298] It should be understood that when the feed point is set close to the open end of the radiator 210, the open end usually has a strong electric field, and the feed point is more likely to excite the radiator 210 to resonate, which facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna 200.

[0299] In one embodiment, the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203 are located on the first side 131.

[0300] In one embodiment, the first position 201 is located on the first side 131. The third position 203 is located on the second side 132. The second position 202 is located on either the first side 131 or the second side 132. A portion of the radiator 210 is located on the first side 131 and a portion is located on the second side 132, as shown below. Figure 14 As shown.

[0301] In one embodiment, the first position 201, the second position 202, and the third position 203 are located on the second side 132, such as... Figure 15 As shown.

[0302] It should be understood that the radiator 210 can be located at any position on the electronic device 100. This application embodiment does not limit this and can be determined according to actual production or design.

[0303] For the sake of brevity, Figures 13 to 15 The electronic device 100 shown is Figures 6 to 9Similar parts of the electronic device 100 shown will not be described in detail. For example, similar parts include: the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212; the relationship between the length L1 of the radiator 210 between the first position 201 and the second position 202 and the length L2 of the radiator 210 between the second position 202 and the third position 203; the electronic device 100 including a first matching circuit 241 and / or a second matching circuit 242; the position of the radiator 210; and so on.

[0304] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0305] like Figure 16 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes a frame 11, an antenna 200, and a floor 300.

[0306] The frame 11 includes a first position 201, a second position 202, a third position 203, and a fourth position 204, arranged sequentially. The frame 11 has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor 300 at the first position 201. The frame 11 has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor 300 at the second position 202. The frame 11 has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor 300 at the third position. The frame 11 has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor 300 at the fourth position 204.

[0307] The antenna 200 includes: a first radiator 310, a second radiator 320, a phase shifting circuit 220, and a feeding circuit 230.

[0308] The first radiator 310 includes a conductive portion of a frame 11 between a first position 201 and a third position 203. At least a portion of the first radiator 310 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

[0309] The second radiator 320 includes a conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the third position 203. At least a portion of the second radiator 320 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

[0310] The first radiator 310 includes a first feed point 211. The second radiator 320 includes a second feed point 212. A phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled between the feed circuit 230 and the first feed point 211. The feed circuit 230 is coupled to the second feed point 212. The first port of the phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled to the feed circuit 230, and the second port is coupled to the first feed point 211.

[0311] The power supply circuit 230 is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band.

[0312] When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the first phase difference. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the second phase difference. The first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

[0313] It should be understood that Figure 16 The electronic device 100 shown is similar to the embodiment described above. Figures 6 to 9 ,as well as Figures 13 to 15 The only difference between the electronic devices 100 shown in the above embodiments is the radiator. Figures 6 to 9 ,as well as Figures 13 to 15 In the electronic device 100 shown, the radiator 210 is a single, integral structure. However... Figure 16 In the electronic device 100 shown, the radiator of the antenna 200 includes a first radiator 310 and a second radiator 320, and the radiator has a split structure.

[0314] According to an embodiment of this application, the first radiator 310 can form a first sub-antenna. The second radiator 320 can form a second sub-antenna.

[0315] The radiation characteristics of antenna 200 can be obtained by superimposing the radiation characteristics of the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna. When the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is different, antenna 200 will have different radiation characteristics. For example, by adjusting the phase difference, antenna 200 can have different radiation patterns, and the radiation beam generated by antenna 200 will be closer to the signal source, thereby achieving good communication quality between antenna 200 and the signal source.

[0316] In one embodiment, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 is less than one-quarter of the first wavelength.

[0317] Wherein, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 can be understood as the minimum distance between the centers of the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320. The first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band. The vacuum wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band can be understood as the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band. Since there is a certain conversion relationship between the medium wavelength and the vacuum wavelength, the above vacuum wavelength can also be converted into the medium wavelength.

[0318] In one embodiment, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 is less than the sum of the length D1 of the first radiator 310 and the length D2 of the second radiator 320.

[0319] In one embodiment, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 is less than three-quarters of the sum of the length D1 of the first radiator 310 and the length D2 of the second radiator 320.

[0320] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than the length D1 of the first radiator. In another embodiment, the length D1 of the first radiator 310 is greater than or equal to the length D2 of the second radiator 320.

[0321] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than three-quarters of the sum of the lengths D1 and D2 of the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320. In another embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than half of the sum of the lengths D1 and D2 of the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320.

[0322] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than one-eighth of the first wavelength.

[0323] It should be understood that the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are positioned close to each other, which makes it easier to place them in the increasingly space-constrained electronic equipment 100.

[0324] In one embodiment, when the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a first phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first radiation pattern. When the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a second phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a second radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern are different.

[0325] It should be understood that by adjusting the phase shift circuit 220 to either the first phase shift state or the second phase shift state, the antenna 200 can exhibit good radiation characteristics within different angular ranges. When the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second pattern is within a certain range, the antenna 200 can exhibit good radiation characteristics over a larger angular range.

[0326] In one embodiment, the phase-shifting circuit 220 can also be in a third phase-shift state, where the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the third phase difference. The first phase difference, the second phase difference, and the third phase difference are different. In one embodiment, the radiator 210 is used to generate a third radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern, the second radiation pattern, and the third radiation pattern are all different.

[0327] It should be understood that the phase-shifting circuit 220 may include multiple phase-shift states, enabling the radiator 210 to generate multiple different radiation patterns. This allows the antenna 200 to switch between different radiation patterns via the phase-shifting circuit 220, achieving good radiation characteristics over a wider angular range. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment only uses two different phase-shifting states of the phase-shifting circuit 220 as an example. In actual production or design, the phase-shifting circuit 220 may include multiple phase-shifting states, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0328] In one embodiment, in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is less than or equal to 10 dB.

[0329] It should be understood that, since the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are close to each other, the coupling between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is strong. Therefore, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is low.

[0330] In one embodiment, one end of the first radiator 310 is an open end and the other end is a grounded end. In one embodiment, one end of the second radiator 320 is an open end and the other end is a grounded end.

[0331] It should be understood that both the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can form an IFA-like structure. The first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can operate in a quarter-wavelength mode, occupying less space and facilitating their placement within the electronic device 100.

[0332] In one embodiment, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 may also be structures with open ends at both ends, or one of the radiators may be a structure with open ends at both ends. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment of the application will only use the example that both the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can form a structure similar to IFA for illustration.

[0333] In one embodiment, the frame 11 has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position 201 and the third position 203, respectively. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the second position 202 and the fourth position 204, as shown... Figure 17 As shown.

[0334] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than or equal to 10 mm. In one embodiment, the length of the border 11 between the second position 202 and the third position 203 is less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0335] It should be understood that the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can be arranged close to each other for layout within the electronic device 100.

[0336] In one embodiment, the second position 202 and the third position 203 are close to each other (e.g., the length of the border 11 between the second position 202 and the third position 203 is less than or equal to 5 mm), such as Figure 18 As shown. The frame 11 has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position 201 and the third position 203, respectively. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the second position 202 and the fourth position 204. The first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are close to each other. The first end of the first radiator 310 is a grounded end, and the second end (one end at the first position 201) is an open end. The first end of the second radiator 320 is an open end, and the second end (one end at the fourth position 204) is a grounded end.

[0337] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments are only illustrated by the example of the second position 202 and the third position 203 being close to each other (for example, the length of the border 11 between the second position 202 and the third position 203 is less than or equal to 5mm). Adjustments can be made in actual production or application, and will not be elaborated on in detail.

[0338] In one embodiment, the first feed point 211 may be close to the first position 201. For example, the length of the first radiator 310 (frame 11) between the first feed point 211 and the first position 201 is less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm, etc.

[0339] In one embodiment, the second feed point 212 may be close to the third position 203. For example, the length of the second radiator 320 (frame 11) between the second feed point 212 and the third position 203 is less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0340] It should be understood that when the feed point is set close to the open end of the radiator, the open end usually has a strong electric field, and the feed point is more likely to excite the radiator to resonate, which facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna 200.

[0341] In one embodiment, the length P1 of the first radiator 310 (or frame 11) between the first position 201 (the open end of the first radiator 310) and the first feed point 211 and the length P2 of the second radiator 320 (or frame 11) between the third position 203 (the open end of the second radiator 320) and the second feed point 212 satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%.

[0342] In one embodiment, the length Q1 of the first radiator 310 (or frame 11) between the second position 202 (the grounding end of the first radiator 310) and the first feed point 211 satisfies the following condition: Q2×80%≤Q1≤Q2×120%.

[0343] It should be understood that with the increase in symmetry, antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0344] In one embodiment, the length D1 of the first radiator 310 and the length D2 of the second radiator 320 satisfy: D2×50%≤D1≤D2×200%.

[0345] In one embodiment, the length D1 of the first radiator 310 and the length D2 of the second radiator 320 satisfy: D2×80%≤D1≤D2×120%.

[0346] In one embodiment, the length D1 of the first radiator 310 and the length D2 of the second radiator 320 satisfy: D2×90%≤D1≤D2×110%.

[0347] It should be understood that with the increase in symmetry, antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0348] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 further includes a first matching circuit 241. The first radiator 310 also includes a first matching point 231 located between a first position 201 and a second position 202. The first matching circuit 241 is coupled to the first matching point 231.

[0349] It should be understood that the first matching circuit 241 can be used to adjust the impedance of the first radiator 310. For example, the first matching circuit 241 can be used to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211 so that the feed circuit 230 and the first radiator 310 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0350] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point 231 and the first power supply point 211 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0351] It should be understood that when the first matching point 231 is close to the first feed point 211, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211.

[0352] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point 231 and the first feed point 211 is zero, and the first matching point 231 and the first feed point 211 coincide. The first feed point 211 (first matching point 231) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the first matching circuit 241 through the same connector to save layout space.

[0353] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 further includes a second matching circuit 242. The second radiator 320 also includes a second matching point 232 located between the third position 203 and the second position 202. The second matching circuit 242 is coupled to the second matching point 232.

[0354] It should be understood that the second matching circuit 242 can be used to adjust the impedance of the second radiator 320. For example, the second matching circuit 242 can be used to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212 so that the feed circuit 230 and the second radiator 320 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0355] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point 232 and the second power supply point 212 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0356] It should be understood that when the second matching point 232 is close to the second feed point 212, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212.

[0357] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point 232 and the second feed point 212 is zero, and the second matching point 232 and the second feed point 212 coincide. The second feed point 212 (second matching point 232) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the second matching circuit 242 through the same connector to save layout space.

[0358] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in a first phase shift state, the first matching circuit 241 is in a first matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in a second phase shift state, the first matching circuit 241 is in a third matching state, and the first matching state and the third matching state are different.

[0359] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the second matching circuit 242 is in the second matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the second matching circuit 242 is in the fourth matching state, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0360] It should be understood that, since the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is different under different phase shift states, and since the impedance of the radiator (e.g., the impedance at the first feed point 211 or the impedance at the second feed point 212) is related to the phase of the fed electrical signal, the matching circuit can be adjusted when signals with different phase differences are fed in, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0361] Meanwhile, when the matching point (e.g., the first matching point 231 and the second matching point 232) is close to (e.g., the distance is less than or equal to one-eighth, one-sixteenth, or 5 mm of the length of the radiator) the open end of the radiator (e.g., the first position 201, the third position 203), since the open end usually has a strong electric field and is more sensitive to the components, the matching circuit (e.g., the first matching circuit 241 and the second matching circuit 242) can have a partial tuning function and have the characteristics of a partial tuning circuit.

[0362] In one embodiment, the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203, and the fourth position 204 are located on the first side 131.

[0363] In one embodiment, the first position 201 is located on the first side 131. The fourth position 204 is located on the second side 132. The second position 202 and the third position 203 are located on either the first side 131 or the second side 132. A portion of the radiator 210 is located on the first side 131 and a portion is located on the second side 132, as shown below. Figure 19 As shown.

[0364] In one embodiment, the first position 201, the second position 202, the third position 203, and the fourth position 204 are located on the second side 132, such as... Figure 20 As shown.

[0365] It should be understood that the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can be located at any position on the electronic device 100. This application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this and can be determined according to actual production or design.

[0366] Figure 21 and Figure 22 yes Figure 18 The simulation results of the antenna radiation pattern in the electronic device 100 shown. Figure 21 yes Figure 18 The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to the first phase shift state and the second phase shift state of the phase shift circuit. Figure 22 yes Figure 18 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown is corresponding to a phase difference of 180°.

[0367] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, in Figure 21 In the two-dimensional orientation diagram shown, only the case of Theta = 0° and Phi = 0° (or 180°) is used for explanation. Theta can be understood as the angle with the positive z-axis in the coordinate system, and Theta can be understood as the angle with the positive x-axis in the xoy plane of the coordinate system.

[0368] like Figure 21 As shown, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state (first phase difference is 0°), the antenna generates a first radiation pattern. In the first radiation pattern, the antenna has better radiation characteristics on the Phi = 0° side. The maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern is on the Phi = 0° side, located between 0° ≤ Theta ≤ 90°.

[0369] When the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in the second phase-shift state (second phase difference of 225°), the antenna generates a second radiation pattern. In the second radiation pattern, the antenna has better radiation characteristics on the Phi = 180° side. The maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern is on the Phi = 180° side, located between 0° ≤ Theta ≤ 60°.

[0370] It should be understood that when the phase shift circuit 220 is in different phase shift states (the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is different), the antenna can generate different radiation patterns.

[0371] For example, when the phase difference between the electrical signal at the first feed point and the electrical signal at the second feed point is 180°, the antenna has good radiation characteristics in the right-side region of the electronic device (the region near the right side, the positive x-axis region in the coordinate system), such as... Figure 22 As shown.

[0372] For the sake of brevity, this application embodiment only takes the phase shifting circuit having the above-mentioned different phase shift states as an example. In actual production or design, the phase shifting circuit may include multiple phase shift states, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0373] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0374] like Figure 23 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes an antenna 200 and a floor 300.

[0375] Antenna 200 includes: radiator 210, phase shifting circuit 220 and feed circuit 230.

[0376] The radiator 210 includes a ground region 330. At least a portion of the ground region 330 is coupled to the floor 300. The ground region 330 divides the radiator 210 into a first portion 331 and a second portion 332. The first portion 331 includes a first feed point 211. The second portion 332 includes a second feed point 212. At least a portion of the radiator 210 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

[0377] The radiator 210 is attached to the back cover 21 of the electronic device 100. In one embodiment, the back cover 21 includes a camera trim. It should be understood that the radiator 210 is attached to the insulating portion of the back cover 21 of the electronic device 100.

[0378] It should be understood that "radiator 210 affixed to the back cover 21 of electronic device 100" can be understood as the radiator 210 being located on the surface of the back cover, or being disposed on the surface of the back cover through other structural components, or being embedded in the back cover. Alternatively, "radiator 210 affixed to the back cover 21 of electronic device 100" can also be understood as the radiator 210 being disposed adjacent to the back cover 21 in electronic device 100. Here, "adjacent" can be understood as, for example, the distance between the second radiator and the back cover 21 being within 3 mm, or the distance between the radiator 210 and the back cover 21 being within 2 mm, or within 1 mm. In one embodiment, the radiator 210 may be located on one side of the plane of the back cover 21. The term "affixed to" in the embodiments of this application can all be understood accordingly, and for the sake of brevity, will not be elaborated further.

[0379] In one embodiment, the radiator 210 may be located inside the rear cover 21 (on the side closer to the PCB 17), such as... Figure 24 As shown. In one embodiment, the radiator 210 may be located between the back cover 21 and the PCB 17. In one embodiment, the electronic device 100 may further include a bracket 251. The radiator 210 is located on the surface of the bracket 251. In one embodiment, a shielding cover 15 may be disposed between the bracket 251 and the PCB 17. In one embodiment, electronic components may be disposed within the shielding cover 15 to prevent mutual interference between the electronic components and the radiator 210.

[0380] It should be understood that when the radiator 210 is located inside the electronic device 100, since the radiator 210 is not located on the outer surface of the electronic device 100, it has a more flexible layout.

[0381] In one embodiment, the radiator 210 may be located on the outside of the back cover 21 (the side away from the PCB 17), such as... Figure 25 As shown. In one embodiment, the radiator 210 may be a decorative piece of the camera module 252 of the electronic device 100, which may be located on the outer surface of the camera module 252 and surround the camera module 252.

[0382] It should be understood that when the radiator 210 is located outside the electronic device 100, the antenna 200 has a better radiation environment (e.g., a larger clearance and a greater distance from the electronic components mounted on the PCB 17), and the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency).

[0383] The phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled between the feed circuit 230 and the first feed point 211. The feed circuit 230 is coupled to the second feed point 212. The first port of the phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled to the feed circuit 230, and the second port is coupled to the first feed point 211.

[0384] When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the first phase difference. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the second phase difference. The first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

[0385] It should be understood that Figure 23 The electronic device 100 shown is similar to the embodiment described above. Figures 6 to 9 ,as well as Figures 13 to 15 The only difference between the electronic device 100 shown is the radiator, which forms a structure similar to a wire antenna. In the above embodiment ( Figures 6 to 9 ,as well as Figures 13 to 15 In the electronic device 100 shown, the radiator 210 is strip-shaped. And... Figure 23 In the illustrated electronic device 100, the radiator of the antenna 200 is sheet-like (for example, the length of the radiator 210 (e.g., the dimension in the z direction) is less than 3 times the width (e.g., the dimension in the x direction)), forming a structure similar to a patch antenna.

[0386] According to an embodiment of this application, when the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 is approximately the same as the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 (e.g., the phase difference is less than or equal to 10°), the radiator 210 can resonate in the CM mode of the patch antenna. When the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 is approximately opposite to the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 (e.g., the phase difference is greater than or equal to 170° and less than or equal to 190°), the radiator 210 can resonate in the DM mode of the patch antenna.

[0387] By adjusting the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212, the resonance generated by the radiator 210 can have the radiation characteristics of the CM mode of a patch antenna, or the radiation characteristics of the DM mode of a patch antenna, or the radiation characteristics of the CM mode of a partial patch antenna, and the radiation characteristics of the DM mode of a partial patch antenna.

[0388] Since the resonance generated by the radiator 210 at different phase differences can have different radiation characteristics, the radiation beam generated by the antenna 200 can be brought closer to the signal source by adjusting the phase difference, thereby enabling good communication quality between the antenna 200 and the signal source.

[0389] In the above embodiments, the linear CM mode or linear DM mode can be understood as the linear antenna primarily generating radiation from current. Conversely, the CM mode or DM mode of the patch antenna can be understood as the patch antenna primarily generating radiation from magnetic current (e.g., the magnetic field between the radiator and the ground).

[0390] like Figure 26 As shown in (a), in the CM mode of the patch antenna, the current on the radiator 210 is reversed on both sides of the ground region 330.

[0391] It should be understood that at least a portion of the grounding region 330 may be coupled to the floor 300. The grounding region 330 may include at least two grounding points, both of which are coupled to the floor 300. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment of the application will only illustrate the case where the grounding region 330 includes two grounding points.

[0392] like Figure 26 As shown in (b), when the radiator 210 is in a ring shape (e.g., the radiator 210 is a Deco), in CM mode, the current on the radiator 210 on both sides of the ground region 330 is reversed, and the current on the first part and the second part of the radiator 210 is reversed.

[0393] like Figure 26 As shown in (c), in the CM mode of the patch antenna, the electric field between the radiator 210 and the ground plane 300 is in the same direction on both sides of the grounding region 330.

[0394] like Figure 27 As shown in (a), in the DM mode of the patch antenna, the current on the radiator 210 is in the same direction on both sides of the ground region 330.

[0395] like Figure 27 As shown in (b), when the radiator 210 is in a ring shape, in DM mode, the currents on the radiator 210 on both sides of the grounding region 330 are in the same direction, and the currents on the first part and the second part of the radiator 210 are in opposite directions.

[0396] like Figure 27 As shown in (c), in the DM mode of the patch antenna, the electric field between the radiator 210 and the ground plane 300 is reversed on both sides of the grounding region 330.

[0397] In one embodiment, when the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a first phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first radiation pattern. When the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a second phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a second radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern are different.

[0398] It should be understood that by adjusting the phase shift circuit 220 to either the first phase shift state or the second phase shift state, the antenna 200 can exhibit good radiation characteristics within different angular ranges. When the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second pattern is within a certain range, the antenna 200 can exhibit good radiation characteristics over a larger angular range.

[0399] In one embodiment, the phase-shifting circuit 220 can also be in a third phase-shift state, where the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the third phase difference. The first phase difference, the second phase difference, and the third phase difference are different. In one embodiment, the radiator 210 is used to generate a third radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern, the second radiation pattern, and the third radiation pattern are all different.

[0400] It should be understood that the phase shifting circuit 220 may include multiple phase shift states, enabling the radiator 210 to generate multiple different radiation patterns, so that the antenna 200 can switch between different radiation patterns through the phase shifting circuit 220 to have good radiation characteristics over a wider angular range.

[0401] In one embodiment, the first feed point 211 may be close to the open end of the first portion 331. For example, the distance between the first feed point 211 and the open end is less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm, etc.

[0402] In one embodiment, the second feed point 212 may be close to the open end of the second portion 332. For example, the distance between the second feed point 212 and the open end is less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm, etc.

[0403] It should be understood that when the feed point is set close to the open end of the radiator 210, the open end usually has a strong electric field, and the feed point is more likely to excite the radiator 210 to resonate, which facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna 200.

[0404] In one embodiment, the length P1 (dimension in the first direction) of the radiator 210 between the grounding region 330 and the first feed point 211 and the length P2 (dimension in the first direction) of the radiator 210 between the grounding region 330 and the second feed point 212 satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%.

[0405] In one embodiment, the length Q1 (dimension in the first direction) of the radiator 210 between the open end of the first portion 331 and the first feed point 211 and the length Q2 (dimension in the first direction) of the radiator 210 between the open end of the second portion 332 and the second feed point 212 satisfy: Q2×80%≤Q1≤Q2×120%.

[0406] It should be understood that with the increase in symmetry, antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0407] In one embodiment, the power supply circuit 230 is used to transmit electrical signals in a first frequency band.

[0408] In one embodiment, in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is less than or equal to 10 dB.

[0409] It should be understood that since both the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 are located on the radiator 210, the coupling between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is strong. Therefore, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is low.

[0410] In one embodiment, the dimensions M1 of the first portion 331 in the first direction and the dimensions M2 of the second portion 332 in the first direction satisfy: M2×50%≤M1≤M2×200%. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the grounding region 330; for example, the first direction is the z-direction. When the grounding region 330 includes multiple grounding points, the extension direction of the grounding region 330 can be understood as the extension direction of the area formed by the multiple grounding points.

[0411] In one embodiment, the dimensions M1 of the first part 331 in the first direction and the dimensions M2 of the second part 332 in the first direction satisfy: M2×80%≤M1≤M2×120%.

[0412] In one embodiment, the dimensions M1 of the first part 331 in the first direction and the dimensions M2 of the second part 332 in the first direction satisfy: M2×90%≤M1≤M2×110%.

[0413] It should be understood that with the increase in symmetry, antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0414] In one embodiment, the grounding region 330 at least partially overlaps with the central region of the radiator 210.

[0415] The central region can be understood as the area within 5 mm of the center of the radiator 210, and the lengths of the radiators 210 on both sides of the center are the same.

[0416] In one embodiment, antenna 200 further includes a first matching circuit. The first portion 331 also includes a first matching point. The first matching circuit is coupled to the first matching point 231.

[0417] It should be understood that the first matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance of the radiator 210. For example, the first matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211 so that the feed circuit 230 and the radiator 210 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0418] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point 231 and the first power supply point 211 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0419] It should be understood that when the first matching point is close to the first feed point 211, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211.

[0420] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point and the first feed point 211 is zero, and the first matching point and the first feed point 211 coincide. The first feed point 211 (first matching point) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the first matching circuit through the same connector to save layout space.

[0421] In one embodiment, antenna 200 further includes a second matching circuit. The second portion 332 also includes a second matching point. The second matching circuit is coupled to the second matching point.

[0422] It should be understood that the second matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance of the radiator 210. For example, the second matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212 so that the feed circuit 230 and the radiator 210 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0423] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point and the second power supply point 212 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0424] It should be understood that when the second matching point is close to the second feed point 212, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212.

[0425] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point 212 is zero, and the second matching point and the second feed point 212 coincide. The second feed point 212 (second matching point) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the second matching circuit through the same connector to save layout space.

[0426] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in a first phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in a first matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in a second phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in a third matching state, and the first matching state and the third matching state are different.

[0427] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the second matching circuit is in the second matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the second matching circuit is in the fourth matching state, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0428] It should be understood that, since the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is different under different phase shift states, and since the impedance of the radiator 210 (e.g., the impedance at the first feed point 211 or the impedance at the second feed point 212) is related to the phase of the fed electrical signal, the matching circuit can be adjusted when signals with different phase differences are fed in, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0429] Meanwhile, when the matching point (e.g., the first matching point and the second matching point) is close to (e.g., the distance is less than or equal to one-eighth, one-sixteenth, or 5 mm of the dimension of the radiator 210 in the first direction) the open end of the radiator 210, since the open end usually has a strong electric field and is more sensitive to the component, the matching circuit (e.g., the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit) can have a partial tuning function and have the characteristics of a partial tuning circuit.

[0430] In one embodiment, the border 11 includes a first side 131 and a second side 132 that intersects the first side 131 at an angle, wherein the length of the first side 131 is less than the length of the second side 132.

[0431] In one embodiment, the distance (e.g., the maximum distance) between the radiator 210 and the first side 131 along the extension direction (e.g., the z-direction) of the second side 132 is less than or equal to half the length of the second side 132.

[0432] It should be understood that the radiator 210 can be located in the upper half of the electronic device 100 (the area near the top, the positive half of the z-axis in the coordinate system) to avoid the influence of the user holding the electronic device 100 on the antenna 200, which is more conducive to the antenna 200 improving its radiation characteristics, so that the electronic device 100 and the signal source have good communication quality.

[0433] Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna in the electronic device 100 shown, corresponding to different phase shift states of the phase shifting circuit.

[0434] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, in Figure 10 The two-dimensional orientation diagram shown is illustrated using only the example of Theta = 0° and Phi = 90° (or 270°). Theta can be understood as the angle with respect to the positive z-axis in the coordinate system, and the angle with respect to the positive x-axis in the xoy plane.

[0435] like Figure 18 As shown, the antenna produces different radiation patterns when the phase shift circuit 220 is in different phase shift states (the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is different). For example, when the phase difference is 0°, the antenna has good radiation characteristics between 30°≤Theta≤60° on the Phi=90° side and between 30°≤Theta≤60° on the Phi=270° side. When the phase difference is 90°, the antenna has good radiation characteristics between 0°≤Theta≤60° on the Phi=270° side. When the phase difference is 180°, the antenna has good radiation characteristics in the top direction (between Theta≤30° on the Phi=90° side and between Theta≤30° on the Phi=270° side). When the phase difference is 270°, the antenna has good radiation characteristics between 0°≤Theta≤60° on the Phi=90° side.

[0436] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, this application embodiment only takes the phase shifting circuit having the above-mentioned different phase shift states as an example. In actual production or design, the phase shifting circuit may include multiple phase shift states, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0437] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0438] like Figure 29 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes an antenna 200 and a floor 300.

[0439] The antenna 200 includes: a first radiator 310, a second radiator 320, a phase shifting circuit 220, and a feeding circuit 230.

[0440] The first radiator 310 includes a first feed point 211. The second radiator 320 includes a second feed point 212. At least a portion of the first radiator 310 is spaced apart from the floor 300. At least a portion of the second radiator 320 is spaced apart from the floor 300.

[0441] The first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are attached to the back cover of the electronic device 100.

[0442] In one embodiment, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 may be located inside the back cover (closer to the PCB side). In another embodiment, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 may be located between the back cover and the PCB. In yet another embodiment, the electronic device 100 may further include a bracket. The first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are located on the surface of the bracket.

[0443] It should be understood that when the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are located inside the electronic device 100, since the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are not located on the outer surface of the electronic device 100, they have a relatively flexible layout.

[0444] In one embodiment, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 may be located on the outer side of the back cover (away from the PCB). In another embodiment, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 may be decorative pieces of the camera module of the electronic device 100, which may be located on the outer surface of the camera module and surround the camera module.

[0445] It should be understood that when the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are disposed outside the electronic device 100, the radiation environment of the antenna 200 is better (e.g., the clearance is larger and the distance from the electronic components disposed on the PCB is greater), and the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency).

[0446] The phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled between the feed circuit 230 and the first feed point 211. The feed circuit 230 is coupled to the second feed point 212. The first port of the phase-shifting circuit 220 is coupled to the feed circuit 230, and the second port is coupled to the first feed point 211.

[0447] The power supply circuit 230 is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first power supply point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second power supply point 212 is the first phase difference. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first power supply point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second power supply point 212 is the second phase difference. The first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

[0448] It should be understood that Figure 29 The electronic device 100 shown is Figure 23 The only difference between the electronic devices 100 shown is the radiator. Figure 23 In the illustrated electronic device 100, the radiator 210 is a single, integral structure. However... Figure 29 In the electronic device 100 shown, the radiator of the antenna 200 includes a first radiator 310 and a second radiator 320, and the radiator has a split structure.

[0449] According to an embodiment of this application, the first radiator 310 can form a first sub-antenna. The second radiator 320 can form a second sub-antenna. The radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 can be superimposed from the radiation characteristics of the first sub-antenna and the second sub-antenna. When the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is different, the antenna 200 has different radiation characteristics. For example, by adjusting the phase difference, the antenna 200 can have different radiation patterns, and the radiation beam generated by the antenna 200 is closer to the signal source, thereby providing good communication quality between the antenna 200 and the signal source.

[0450] In one embodiment, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 is less than one-quarter of the first wavelength.

[0451] Wherein, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 can be understood as the minimum distance between the centers of the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320. The first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band. The vacuum wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band can be understood as the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band. Since there is a certain conversion relationship between the medium wavelength and the vacuum wavelength, the above vacuum wavelength can also be converted into the medium wavelength.

[0452] In one embodiment, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 is less than the sum of the dimension N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction and the dimension N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction.

[0453] The first direction is the direction from the open end (e.g., the first end) of the first radiator 310 to the ground end (e.g., the second end, with the first and second ends opposite each other), for example, the z-direction. The second direction is the direction from the open end (e.g., the first end) of the second radiator 320 to the ground end (e.g., the second end, with the first and second ends opposite each other), for example, the z-direction.

[0454] In one embodiment, the distance D0 between the center of the first radiator 310 and the center of the second radiator 320 is less than three-quarters of the sum of the dimension N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction and the dimension N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction.

[0455] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than the dimension N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction. In another embodiment, the dimension N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction is greater than the dimension N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction.

[0456] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than three-quarters of the sum of the dimensions N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction and the dimensions N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction. In another embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than half of the sum of the dimensions N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction and the dimensions N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction.

[0457] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than one-eighth of the first wavelength.

[0458] It should be understood that the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are positioned close to each other, which makes it easier to place them in the increasingly space-constrained electronic equipment 100.

[0459] In one embodiment, when the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a first phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a first radiation pattern. When the phase-shifting circuit 220 is in a second phase-shift state, the radiator 210 is used to generate a second radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern are different.

[0460] It should be understood that by adjusting the phase shift circuit 220 to either the first phase shift state or the second phase shift state, the antenna 200 can exhibit good radiation characteristics within different angular ranges. When the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second pattern is within a certain range, the antenna 200 can exhibit good radiation characteristics over a larger angular range.

[0461] In one embodiment, the phase-shifting circuit 220 can also be in a third phase-shift state, where the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is the third phase difference. The first phase difference, the second phase difference, and the third phase difference are different. In one embodiment, the radiator 210 is used to generate a third radiation pattern. The first radiation pattern, the second radiation pattern, and the third radiation pattern are all different.

[0462] It should be understood that the phase shifting circuit 220 may include multiple phase shift states, enabling the radiator 210 to generate multiple different radiation patterns, so that the antenna 200 can switch between different radiation patterns through the phase shifting circuit 220 to have good radiation characteristics over a wider angular range.

[0463] In one embodiment, the first feed point 211 may be close to the open end of the first radiator 310. For example, the distance between the first feed point 211 and the open end is less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm, etc.

[0464] In one embodiment, the second feed point 212 may be located close to the open end of the second radiator 320. For example, the distance between the second feed point 212 and the open end may be less than or equal to 10 mm, or less than or equal to 5 mm, etc.

[0465] It should be understood that when the feed point is set close to the open end of the radiator 210, the open end usually has a strong electric field, and the feed point is more likely to excite the radiator 210 to resonate, which facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna 200.

[0466] In one embodiment, the length P1 (dimension in the first direction) of the first radiator 310 between the open end of the first radiator 310 and the first feed point 211 and the length P2 (dimension in the second direction) of the second radiator 320 between the open end of the second radiator 320 and the second feed point 212 satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%.

[0467] In one embodiment, the length Q1 (dimension in the first direction) of the first radiator 310 between the ground terminal and the first feed point 211 of the first radiator 310 and the length Q2 (dimension in the second direction) of the second radiator 320 between the ground terminal and the second feed point 212 of the second radiator 320 satisfy: Q2×80%≤Q1≤Q2×120%.

[0468] It should be understood that with the increase in symmetry, antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0469] In one embodiment, in at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is less than or equal to 10 dB.

[0470] It should be understood that, since the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 are close to each other, the coupling between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is strong. Therefore, the isolation between the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 is low.

[0471] In one embodiment, one end of the first radiator 310 is an open end and the other end is a grounded end. In one embodiment, one end of the second radiator 320 is an open end and the other end is a grounded end.

[0472] It should be understood that both the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can form a structure similar to a PIFA. The first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can operate in a quarter-wavelength mode, occupying less space and facilitating placement within the electronic device 100. In one embodiment, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can also be structures with open ends, or one of the radiators can be a structure with open ends. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment only uses the example of the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 both forming a structure similar to a PIFA for illustration.

[0473] In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 is less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0474] It should be understood that the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can be arranged close to each other for layout within the electronic device 100.

[0475] In one embodiment, the dimension N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction and the dimension N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction satisfy: N2 × 50% ≤ N1 ≤ N2 × 200%. The first direction is the direction from the open end (e.g., the first terminal) of the first radiator 310 to its ground end (e.g., the second terminal, with the first and second terminals opposite each other), for example, the z-direction. The second direction is the direction from the open end (e.g., the first terminal) of the second radiator 320 to its ground end (e.g., the second terminal, with the first and second terminals opposite each other), for example, the z-direction.

[0476] In one embodiment, the dimension N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction and the dimension N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction satisfy: N2×80%≤N1≤N2×120%.

[0477] In one embodiment, the dimension N1 of the first radiator 310 in the first direction and the dimension N2 of the second radiator 320 in the second direction satisfy: N2×90%≤N1≤N2×110%.

[0478] It should be understood that with the increase in symmetry, antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0479] In one embodiment, antenna 200 further includes a first matching circuit. The first portion 331 also includes a first matching point. The first matching circuit is coupled to the first matching point 231.

[0480] It should be understood that the first matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance of the radiator 210. For example, the first matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211 so that the feed circuit 230 and the radiator 210 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0481] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point 231 and the first power supply point 211 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0482] It should be understood that when the first matching point is close to the first feed point 211, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the first feed point 211.

[0483] In one embodiment, the distance between the first matching point and the first feed point 211 is zero, and the first matching point and the first feed point 211 coincide. The first feed point 211 (first matching point) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the first matching circuit through the same connector to save layout space.

[0484] In one embodiment, antenna 200 further includes a second matching circuit. The second portion 332 also includes a second matching point. The second matching circuit is coupled to the second matching point.

[0485] It should be understood that the second matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance of the radiator 210. For example, the second matching circuit can be used to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212 so that the feed circuit 230 and the radiator 210 are better matched, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0486] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point and the second power supply point 212 is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0487] It should be understood that when the second matching point is close to the second feed point 212, it is easier to adjust the impedance at the second feed point 212.

[0488] In one embodiment, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point 212 is zero, and the second matching point and the second feed point 212 coincide. The second feed point 212 (second matching point) can be coupled to the feed circuit 230 and the second matching circuit through the same connector to save layout space.

[0489] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in a first phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in a first matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in a second phase shift state, the first matching circuit is in a third matching state, and the first matching state and the third matching state are different.

[0490] In one embodiment, when the phase shift circuit 220 is in the first phase shift state, the second matching circuit is in the second matching state. When the phase shift circuit 220 is in the second phase shift state, the second matching circuit is in the fourth matching state, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

[0491] It should be understood that, since the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point 211 and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point 212 is different under different phase shift states, and since the impedance of the radiator 210 (e.g., the impedance at the first feed point 211 or the impedance at the second feed point 212) is related to the phase of the fed electrical signal, the matching circuit can be adjusted when signals with different phase differences are fed in, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0492] Meanwhile, when the matching point (e.g., the first matching point and the second matching point) is close to (e.g., the distance is less than or equal to one-eighth, one-sixteenth, or 5 mm of the size of the radiator in the first direction (or the second direction)) the open end of the radiator, since the open end usually has a strong electric field and is more sensitive to the components, the matching circuit (e.g., the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit) can have a partial tuning function and have the characteristics of a partial tuning circuit.

[0493] In one embodiment, the border 11 includes a first side 131 and a second side 132 that intersects the first side 131 at an angle, wherein the length of the first side 131 is less than the length of the second side 132.

[0494] In one embodiment, the distance (e.g., the maximum distance) between the radiator 210 and the first side 131 along the extension direction (e.g., the z-direction) of the second side 132 is less than or equal to half the length of the second side 132.

[0495] It should be understood that the radiator 210 can be located in the upper half of the electronic device 10 (the area near the top, the positive half of the z-axis in the coordinate system) to avoid the influence of the user holding the electronic device 100 on the antenna 200, which is more conducive to the antenna 200 improving its radiation characteristics, so that the electronic device 100 and the signal source have good communication quality.

[0496] In one embodiment, the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, such as Figure 29As shown. The first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are open ends. The second ends of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 are grounded ends. The distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 is less than the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 (the open ends of the radiators are close to each other, and the grounded ends are far apart).

[0497] In one embodiment, the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, such as Figure 30 As shown. The first end of the first radiator 310 is a grounded end, and the first end of the second radiator 320 is an open end. The second end of the first radiator 310 is an open end, and the second end of the second radiator 320 is a grounded end. The distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 is less than the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 (the grounded end of the first radiator 310 and the open end of the second radiator are close to each other).

[0498] It should be understood that in the above embodiments, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 at least partially overlap along the first direction or the second direction. The first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can be understood as being arranged in series. In actual production or design, the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 can also be arranged in an alternating (parallel) manner, without overlapping along the first direction or the second direction.

[0499] In one embodiment, the first direction and the second direction are substantially parallel (the angle between the first direction and the second direction is less than or equal to 30°).

[0500] In one embodiment, the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are open ends. The second ends of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 are grounded ends. In one embodiment, the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 is less than the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 (the open ends and grounded ends of the radiators are close to each other), such as... Figure 31 As shown.

[0501] In one embodiment, the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are open ends. The second ends of the first radiator 310 and the second ends of the second radiator 320 are grounded ends. In one embodiment, the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 is less than the distance between the first ends of the first radiator 310 and the first ends of the second radiator 320 (the grounded end of the first radiator 310 and the open end of the second radiator are close to each other), such as... Figure 32 As shown.

[0502] In one embodiment, the first direction and the second direction are substantially perpendicular (the angle between the first direction and the second direction is less than or equal to 120° and greater than or equal to 60°).

[0503] In one embodiment, the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are open ends. The second ends of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 are grounded ends. In one embodiment, the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 is greater than the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 (the grounded end of the second radiator 320 is closer to the first radiator 310), such as... Figure 33 As shown.

[0504] In one embodiment, the first end of the first radiator 310 and the first end of the second radiator 320 are open ends. The second ends of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 are grounded ends. In one embodiment, the distance between the first end of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 is greater than the distance between the first ends of the first radiator 310 and the second end of the second radiator 320 (the open end of the second radiator 320 is closer to the first radiator 310), such as... Figure 34 As shown.

[0505] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 may further include multiple radiators and multiple phase-shifting circuits. By cascading the multiple radiators and multiple phase-shifting circuits, the antenna 200 can have different radiation characteristics when the multiple phase-shifting circuits are in different phase-shifting states, so that the antenna 200 has good radiation characteristics in different radiation ranges.

[0506] For example, antenna 200 may include a first radiator 310, a second radiator 320, a third radiator 340, a fourth radiator 350, and phase-shifting circuits 220, 221, and 222, such as Figure 35As shown. The first terminal of phase shift circuit 220 is coupled to feed circuit 230, and the second terminal is coupled to the first feed point 211. The second feed point 212 is coupled to feed circuit 230. The first terminal of phase shift circuit 221 is coupled to feed circuit 230, the second terminal is coupled to the first terminal of phase shift circuit 222, and the third terminal is coupled to the fourth feed point 214. The second terminal of phase shift circuit 222 is coupled to the third feed point 213.

[0507] Specifically, phase-shifting circuit 220 is used to adjust the phase difference between the electrical signals fed into the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320. Phase-shifting circuit 221 is used to adjust the phase difference between the electrical signals fed into the first radiator 310 and the second radiator 320 and the electrical signals fed into the third radiator 340 and the fourth radiator 350. Phase-shifting circuit 222 is used to adjust the phase difference between the electrical signals fed into the third radiator 340 and the fourth radiator 350.

[0508] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, only [the following is used as an example]. Figure 35 The antenna 200 shown is used as an example for illustration. In actual production or design, adjustments can be made, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this.

[0509] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: floor; The frame includes a first position, a second position, and a third position arranged sequentially. The frame has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the third position, respectively. The frame is coupled to the floor at the second position. Alternatively, the frame is coupled to the floor at the first position and the third position, and the frame has a third insulating gap at the second position. Antenna, the antenna comprising: A radiator, the radiator including a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the third position, the radiator including a first feed point and a second feed point, the first feed point and the second feed point being located on both sides of the second position, and at least a portion of the radiator being spaced apart from the floor; A power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is coupled to the first power supply point and the second power supply point respectively; A phase-shifting circuit is coupled between the power supply circuit and the first power supply point, and the phase-shifting circuit includes a first phase-shifting state and a second phase-shifting state; Wherein, based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the first phase difference; Since the phase shifting circuit is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the second phase difference, and the first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator further includes a first matching point and a second matching point, wherein the first matching point is located between the first position and the second position, and the second matching point is located between the second position and the third position; The antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein the first matching circuit is coupled to the first matching point and the second matching circuit is coupled to the second matching point.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; Based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the second matching state; Based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the fourth matching state, the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The distance between the first matching point and the first feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the first matching point and the first feed point coincide; and / or, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the second matching point and the second feed point coincide.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Based on the fact that the frame is coupled to the ground at the second position, the antenna also includes a grounding element, the second position being coupled to the ground through the grounding element, and the width of the connection between the grounding element and the frame is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The length L1 of the radiator between the first position and the second position and the length L2 of the radiator between the second position and the third position satisfy: L2×50%≤L1≤L2×200%.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The length P1 of the radiator between the first position and the first feed point and the length P2 of the radiator between the third position and the second feed point satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the radiator is used to generate a first radiation pattern; Based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the radiator is used to generate a second radiation pattern, wherein the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than or equal to 15°.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: floor; The frame includes a first position, a second position, a third position, and a fourth position arranged sequentially. The frame has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor at the first position, the frame has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor at the second position, the frame has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor at the third position, and the frame has an insulating gap or is coupled to the floor at the fourth position. Antenna, the antenna comprising: A first radiator, the first radiator including a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, the first radiator including a first feed point, and at least a portion of the first radiator being spaced apart from the floor; The second radiator includes a conductive portion of the frame between the third and fourth positions, the second radiator includes a second feed point, and at least a portion of the second radiator is spaced apart from the floor. A power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is coupled to the first power supply point and the second power supply point respectively; A phase-shifting circuit is coupled between the power supply circuit and the first power supply point, and the phase-shifting circuit includes a first phase-shifting state and a second phase-shifting state; Wherein, based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the first phase difference; Since the phase shifting circuit is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the second phase difference, and the first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The distance between the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator is less than the sum of the lengths of the first radiator and the second radiator.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band. The distance between the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator is less than one-quarter of the first wavelength, where the first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than the length of the first radiator, and the length of the first radiator is greater than the length of the second radiator.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band. The minimum distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is less than one-eighth of the first wavelength, where the first wavelength is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first frequency band.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, The first radiator further includes a first matching point, and the second radiator further includes a second matching point; The antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein the first matching circuit is coupled to the first matching point and the second matching circuit is coupled to the second matching point.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; Based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the second matching state; Based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the fourth matching state, the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

16. The electronic device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The distance between the first matching point and the first feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the first matching point and the first feed point coincide; and / or, the distance between the second matching point and the second feed point is less than or equal to 4 mm; and / or, the second matching point and the second feed point coincide.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that, The first end of the first radiator is a grounded end, and the second end is an open end; The first end of the second radiator is an open end, and the second end is a grounded end.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that, The length of the frame between the second position and the third position is less than or equal to 5 mm. The frame has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap at the first position and the third position, respectively. The frame is coupled to the floor at the second position and the fourth position.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 18, characterized in that, The lengths D1 of the first radiator and D2 of the second radiator satisfy the following condition: D2×50%≤D1≤D2×200%.

20. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 19, characterized in that, The length P1 of the first radiator between the first feed point and the open end of the first radiator and the length P2 of the radiator between the second feed point and the open end of the second radiator satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%.

21. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 20, characterized in that, Based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first radiation pattern; Based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a second radiation pattern, wherein the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the maximum radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is greater than or equal to 15°.

22. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 21, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; In at least a portion of the first frequency band, the isolation between the first feed point and the second feed point is less than or equal to 10 dB.

23. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: floor; Antenna, the antenna comprising: A radiator is attached to the back cover of the electronic device. The radiator includes a grounding area, at least a portion of which is coupled to the grounding area. The grounding area divides the radiator into a first part and a second part. The first part includes a first feed point, and the second part includes a second feed point. At least a portion of the radiator is spaced apart from the grounding area. A power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is coupled to the first power supply point and the second power supply point respectively; A phase-shifting circuit is coupled between the power supply circuit and the first power supply point, and the phase-shifting circuit includes a first phase-shifting state and a second phase-shifting state; Wherein, based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the first phase difference; Since the phase shifting circuit is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the second phase difference, and the first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

24. The electronic device according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first part further includes a first matching point, and the second part further includes a second matching point; The antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein the first matching circuit is coupled to the first matching point and the second matching circuit is coupled to the second matching point.

25. The electronic device according to claim 24, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; Based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the second matching state; Based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the fourth matching state, the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

26. The electronic device according to any one of claims 24 to 25, characterized in that, The dimension P1 of the radiator between the grounding region and the first feed point in the first direction and the dimension P2 of the radiator between the grounding region and the second feed point in the first direction satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%, and the first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the grounding region.

27. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: floor; Antenna, the antenna comprising: A first radiator, comprising a first feed point, is attached to the back cover of the electronic device. A first end of the first radiator is a grounded terminal, and two ends are open terminals. At least a portion of the first radiator is spaced apart from the floor. The second radiator includes a second feed point and is attached to the back cover of the electronic device. A first end of the second radiator is a ground terminal, and two ends are open terminals. At least a portion of the second radiator is spaced apart from the floor. A phase-shifting circuit and a power supply circuit, wherein the phase-shifting circuit is coupled between the power supply circuit and the first power supply point, and the power supply circuit is coupled to the second power supply point; Wherein, based on the phase shifting circuit being in the first phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the first phase difference; Since the phase shifting circuit is in the second phase shift state, the phase difference between the phase of the electrical signal at the first feed point and the phase of the electrical signal at the second feed point is the second phase difference, and the first phase difference and the second phase difference are different.

28. The electronic device according to claim 27, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band. The distance between the center of the first radiator and the center of the second radiator is less than one-quarter of the first wavelength, which is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band.

29. The electronic device according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that, The first radiator further includes a first matching point, and the second radiator further includes a second matching point; The antenna further includes a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit, wherein the first matching circuit is coupled to the first matching point and the second matching circuit is coupled to the second matching point.

30. The electronic device according to claim 29, characterized in that, The power supply circuit is used to transmit electrical signals in the first frequency band; Based on the phase shift circuit being in the first phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the first matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the second matching state; Based on the phase shifting circuit being in the second phase shift state, the first matching circuit being in the third matching state, and the second matching circuit being in the fourth matching state, the first matching state and the third matching state are different, and the second matching state and the fourth matching state are different.

31. The electronic device according to any one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that, The first end of the first radiator is an open end, and the second end is a grounded end; The first end of the second radiator is an open end, and the second end is a grounded end; The dimension P1 of the first radiator between the first feed point and the open end of the first radiator in the first direction and the dimension P2 of the second radiator between the second feed point and the open end of the second radiator in the second direction satisfy: P2×80%≤P1≤P2×120%, where the first direction is the direction from the first end of the first radiator to the second end of the first radiator, and the second direction is the direction from the first end of the second radiator to the second end of the second radiator.

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