Preparation method of lightweight ultrahigh-strength anti-cracking base cloth

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of lightweight ultrahigh-strength anti-cracking base cloth, and relates to the technical field of civil engineering reinforcing materials. And the anti-cracking base cloth with light weight and high strength can be prepared. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a target basalt fiber and a target polypropylene fiber with a hollow structure; preparing a reinforcing structure in which the target basalt fiber and the target polypropylene fiber are embedded with each other; carrying out first reinforcing treatment on the reinforcing structure by adopting a needling method to obtain a first reinforcing net layer; carrying out second reinforcement treatment on the first reinforcement layer by adopting a hot pressing processing technology to obtain a second reinforcement net layer; and carrying out third reinforcement treatment on the second reinforcement net layer by adopting a quenching shaping technology to obtain the target base cloth.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of civil engineering reinforcing materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a light-weight super-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to high altitude, large temperature difference, continuous influence of freeze-thaw cycles on road surfaces, and influence of uneven settlement of roadbeds, the asphalt pavement is prone to cracking, and then water infiltration occurs, leading to further damage and serious damage to the pavement. Therefore, the anti-cracking base cloth is added in the reconstruction and expansion of roads and newly-built roads, which can effectively reduce and delay the generation of semi-rigid base reflection cracks and prevent water infiltration.

[0003] The traditional anti-cracking base cloth increases the amount of fibers in the base cloth to improve the strength of the base cloth, which leads to excessively high grammage of the base cloth, high cost, low construction efficiency and large carbon emission. Therefore, how to prepare a light-weight and high-strength anti-cracking base cloth becomes a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a preparation method of a light-weight super-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth, which can prepare a light-weight and high-strength anti-cracking base cloth.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a light-weight super-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] obtaining target basalt fibers and target hollow polypropylene fibers;

[0008] preparing a reinforcing structure in which the target basalt fibers and the target polypropylene fibers are embedded in each other;

[0009] performing first reinforcing treatment on the reinforcing structure by using a needle punching method to obtain a first reinforcing net layer;

[0010] performing second reinforcing treatment on the first reinforcing layer by using a hot pressing processing technology to obtain a second reinforcing net layer;

[0011] performing third reinforcing treatment on the second reinforcing net layer by using a rapid cooling and shaping technology to obtain a target base cloth.

[0012] As a possible implementation manner, the obtaining of the target basalt fibers comprises the following steps:

[0013] cutting continuous basalt filaments into 55-65 mm to obtain cut fibers;

[0014] The continuous basalt long fiber is modified and treated by using a silane coupling agent and carbon nanotubes to obtain modified basalt fiber.

[0015] The target basalt fiber is obtained by treating the modified basalt fiber in a high-voltage electrostatic field.

[0016] As a possible implementation manner, the target polypropylene fiber with a hollow structure is obtained by:

[0017] The polypropylene chip is melted in a double-screw extruder, and the polypropylene melt is obtained after being injected into supercritical CO2;

[0018] The polypropylene melt is extruded through a Y-shaped spinneret, and the hollow filament is wound at a preset draw ratio;

[0019] The target polypropylene fiber is obtained by spraying and curing a SiO2 modified MAPP solution on the surface of the hollow filament.

[0020] As a possible implementation manner, the target basalt fiber and the target polypropylene fiber are used to prepare a multi-layer chimeric reinforcing structure, which comprises:

[0021] The target basalt fiber is laid into a first net layer;

[0022] The polypropylene fiber is laid into two second net layers, and the target basalt fiber is embedded into the two second net layers to form a sandwich structure of polypropylene-basalt bundle-polypropylene;

[0023] The polypropylene fiber is softened and pressed into a third net layer with a tree-shaped surface structure;

[0024] The sandwich structure is placed on the first net layer, and the third net layer is placed on the sandwich structure to obtain a reinforcing structure.

[0025] As a possible implementation manner, the target basalt fiber is laid into a first net layer, which comprises:

[0026] The target basalt fiber is put into a negative pressure laying machine, and the target basalt fiber is laid into a first net layer under a first preset condition;

[0027] The first preset condition is that the vacuum degree is-20 to-10 kPa, and the movement frequency of the flow guide plate in the negative pressure laying machine is 15 to 25 times per minute;

[0028] The longitudinal fiber ratio of the first net layer is greater than 70%, and the first net layer has a grammage of 55 to 65 g / m 2 .

[0029] As a possible implementation manner, the first reinforcing treatment of the reinforcing structure by the needling method comprises:

[0030] the first needling depth is 2.5-3.5 mm, the second needling depth is 5.5-6.5 mm, the third needling depth is 9.5-10.5 mm, and the fourth needling depth is 3.5-5.5 mm.

[0031] As a possible implementation manner, the first needling density is 110 needlings / cm 2 , the second needling frequency is 780-820 rpm, and the second needling direction is parallel to the axial direction of the fibers in the reinforcing structure.

[0032] the third needling frequency is 980-1020 rpm, the third needling is cross needling with an angle of ±15°, and the fourth needling frequency is 580-620 rpm.

[0033] As a possible implementation manner, the second reinforcing treatment of the first reinforcing layer by the hot-pressing technology comprises:

[0034] the first reinforcing layer is placed in a hot-pressing roller device, and after being treated at 153-168℃ and a pressure of 0.6-1.0 MPa for 10-20 seconds and then treated at 143-148℃ and a pressure of 1.8-2.2 MPa for 15-25 seconds, a second reinforcing net layer is obtained.

[0035] As a possible implementation manner, the third reinforcing treatment of the second reinforcing net layer by the quenching and setting technology comprises:

[0036] the second reinforcing net layer is placed in a liquid nitrogen cooling roller device, and is quenched at a cooling rate of 60℃ / s, so that the second reinforcing net layer is cooled from 143-148℃ to 60-70℃, and a target base cloth is obtained.

[0037] In the second aspect, the application provides a light-weight and ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth prepared by the method for preparing a light-weight and ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth.

[0038] The technical scheme provided by the application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The method for preparing a lightweight, ultra-high strength, crack-resistant base fabric provided in this application involves obtaining target basalt fibers and hollow target polypropylene fibers; preparing a reinforcing structure in which the target basalt fibers and target polypropylene fibers are intercalated; performing a first reinforcement treatment on the reinforcing structure using a needle punching method to obtain a first reinforcement mesh layer; performing a second reinforcement treatment on the first reinforcement layer using a hot pressing process to obtain a second reinforcement mesh layer; and performing a third reinforcement treatment on the second reinforcement mesh layer using a rapid cooling and shaping process to obtain the target base fabric. The method for preparing a lightweight, ultra-high strength, crack-resistant base fabric provided in this application obtains a lightweight and high-strength crack-resistant base fabric by intercalating basalt fibers and polypropylene fibers to obtain a reinforcing structure and performing multiple different reinforcement treatments on the added mesh layers. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 The preparation method flow of the lightweight ultra-high strength crack-resistant base fabric provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 2 The preparation method flow of the lightweight ultra-high strength crack-resistant base fabric provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 3 The preparation method flow of the lightweight ultra-high strength crack-resistant base fabric provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 . Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0045] In addition, the use of “based on” or “according to” implies openness and inclusivity, because processes, steps, calculations or other actions “based on” or “according to” one or more conditions or values ​​can in practice be based on additional conditions or values ​​beyond those conditions.

[0046] The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a light-weight ultrahigh-strength anti-cracking base cloth, as shown in the figure, the method comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0047] Step 101, target basalt fibers and target hollow structure polypropylene fibers are obtained.

[0048] The tensile strength of the basalt fibers is significantly higher than that of conventional materials (such as polyester fibers or glass fibers), can effectively disperse pavement load stress, and inhibit crack propagation. The basalt fiber base cloth is laid between the asphalt concrete layers, can absorb tensile strain, and delay the generation of reflection cracks. In addition, the basalt fiber can withstand temperature fluctuations of-260 DEG C to 700 DEG C, is suitable for high temperature (about 160 DEG C) during asphalt paving and low temperature in winter, and cannot cause performance degradation due to thermal expansion and cold contraction.

[0049] The polypropylene fiber has low cost, can be directly mixed into the asphalt mixture or laid as a geotextile, does not need special equipment, and in addition, the polypropylene fiber can be uniformly dispersed in the mixture at the initial stage of asphalt concrete paving, forms a three-dimensional network structure, and reduces shrinkage cracks caused by rapid evaporation of water. Further, the polypropylene fiber has strong resistance to acid, alkali, salt and other chemicals, is suitable for roads in saline areas or roads frequently used with snow-melting agents. It is not easy to be affected by a humid environment, and can maintain stable performance for a long time.

[0050] Step 102, a reinforcing structure in which the target basalt fibers and the target polypropylene fibers are embedded in each other is prepared.

[0051] Step 103, a first reinforcing treatment is performed on the reinforcing structure by using a needle punching method, to obtain a first reinforcing net layer.

[0052] Step 104, a second reinforcing treatment is performed on the first reinforcing layer by using a hot pressing processing technology, to obtain a second reinforcing net layer.

[0053] Step 105, a third reinforcing treatment is performed on the second reinforcing net layer by using a rapid cooling and shaping technology, to obtain the target base cloth.

[0054] ​The preparation method of the light-weight super-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: obtaining target basalt fibers and target polypropylene fibers with hollow structures; preparing a reinforcing structure in which the target basalt fibers and the target polypropylene fibers are embedded in each other; performing first reinforcement treatment on the reinforcing structure by using a needle punching method to obtain a first reinforced net layer; performing second reinforcement treatment on the first reinforced layer by using a hot pressing processing technology to obtain a second reinforced net layer; and performing third reinforcement treatment on the second reinforced net layer by using a rapid cooling and setting technology to obtain a target base cloth. The preparation method of the light-weight super-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth provided by the application can obtain a light-weight and high-strength anti-cracking base cloth by embedding basalt fibers and polypropylene fibers in each other to obtain a reinforcing structure and then performing different reinforcement treatments on the obtained net layer.

[0055] Meanwhile, the application is an effective technical solution by adding basalt fibers to the polypropylene filament needle-punched anti-cracking base cloth. The polypropylene fiber has the advantages of flexibility, easy processing, cost advantage and excellent properties of the needle-punched non-woven structure, and the basalt fiber has the advantages of high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance and excellent durability, which greatly improves the comprehensive performance of the base cloth, especially the mechanical properties and high temperature stability.

[0056] In addition, the tensile strength of basalt fiber is much higher than that of polypropylene fiber (usually 3-5 times higher than that of PP). The addition of basalt fiber can significantly improve the tensile strength, tear strength and burst strength of the base cloth. The elastic modulus of basalt fiber is also much higher than that of polypropylene, which helps to improve the rigidity and anti-deformation ability of the base cloth and better resist the stress generated by uneven settlement of the roadbed.

[0057] Optionally, the target basalt fiber obtained in step 101 comprises the following steps: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the steps comprise:

[0058] Step 201, cutting the continuous basalt filament into 55-65 mm to obtain cut fibers;

[0059] Step 202, performing toughening modification treatment on the continuous basalt filament by using a silane coupling agent and carbon nanotubes to obtain modified basalt fibers;

[0060] Step 203, placing the modified basalt fibers in a high-voltage electrostatic field for treatment to obtain the target basalt fibers.

[0061] In the actual preparation process, continuous basalt filaments are selected, the diameter of the basalt filaments is controlled to be in the range of 7-9 μm through a laser diameter gauge, then the continuous basalt filaments are cut into short fibers of 55-65 mm, and the cut fibers are obtained. The cut fibers pass through a atomizing chamber at a speed of 2 m / min, are uniformly sprayed with a treatment liquid, and immediately enter a 10 kV high-voltage electrostatic field (electrode spacing of 50 mm) to eliminate fiber agglomeration, and output a fiber bundle with a dispersion degree of ≥98%. The components of the treatment liquid are: 95 wt% ethanol, 4.5 wt% silane coupling agent KH550, and 0.5 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0062] The present application reduces the fiber diameter from the traditional 17 μm to 7-9 μm (close to the theoretical limit), and increases the number of fibers by 135% under the same quality. The single-fiber strength is increased to 3000 MPa (traditional fiber about 2200 MPa), realizing "substituting thinness for quantity".

[0063] Optionally, the step 101 obtains the target polypropylene fiber with a hollow structure, as shown in the following formula: Figure 3 The step 101 includes the following steps:

[0064] The step 301 melts polypropylene chips in a double-screw extruder, and injects supercritical CO2 to obtain a polypropylene melt;

[0065] The step 302 extrudes the polypropylene melt through a Y-shaped spinneret, and winds the polypropylene melt into a hollow filament at a preset draw ratio;

[0066] The step 303 sprays a SiO2 modified MAPP solution on the surface of the hollow filament, and solidifies the SiO2 modified MAPP solution to obtain the target polypropylene fiber.

[0067] In the actual preparation process, high-melt-index polypropylene chips (MFI = 45 g / 10 min) are melted in a double-screw extruder at 235 ℃, and supercritical CO2 (pressure of 28 MPa, temperature of 40 ℃) is injected. The melt is extruded through a Y-shaped spinneret (pore diameter of 0.25 mm), and is wound into a hollow filament (hollow rate ≥ 15%) at a draw ratio of 1:3.5. Then, a nano-SiO2 modified MAPP solution (SiO2 particle size of 100 nm) is sprayed on the surface of the hollow filament, and the nano-SiO2 modified MAPP solution is solidified in a hot air oven at 105 ℃ for 30 seconds to obtain the target polypropylene fiber.

[0068] Optionally, the step of preparing a multi-layer chimeric reinforced structure using the target basalt fiber and the target polypropylene fiber includes:

[0069] The target basalt fiber is laid into a first net layer;

[0070] The target polypropylene fibers are laid into two second net layers, and the target basalt fibers are embedded into the two second net layers to form a sandwich structure of polypropylene-basalt bundle-polypropylene;

[0071] After the target polypropylene fibers are softened, the third net layer with a tree-shaped surface structure is pressed;

[0072] After the sandwich structure is placed on the first net layer and the third net layer is placed on the sandwich structure, the reinforced structure is obtained.

[0073] In the actual preparation process, the target basalt fiber bundle is laid into a first net layer, wherein the longitudinal fiber ratio in the first net layer is greater than or equal to 70%, and the grammage of the first net layer is 40-80 g / m 2 .

[0074] Then, the target polypropylene fiber bundle is laid into two second net layers, and an ultrasonic vibration seeder (frequency 40 kHz, amplitude 50 μm) is started to precisely embed the target basalt fiber bundle (40±5 single bundles) into the two second net layers at a density of 25 bundles / cm 2 to form a "sandwich" structure of polypropylene-basalt bundle-polypropylene with a total grammage of 35 g / m 2 , and the grammage of the sandwich structure is 20-40 g / m 2 .

[0075] The target polypropylene fibers are placed under hot air at 150-170°C, and the air speed can be 6-10 m / s. After being softened for 1.5-2.5 seconds, the third net layer with a tree-shaped surface structure is immediately pressed by an embossing steel roller (projection height 40 μm, spacing 200 μm) to form a tree-shaped surface structure, and the grammage of the third net layer is 90-130 g / m 2 .

[0076] Finally, the sandwich structure is placed on the first net layer, and the third net layer is placed on the sandwich structure to obtain a reinforced structure.

[0077] Optionally, the laying of the target basalt fibers into a first net layer comprises:

[0078] The target basalt fibers are put into a negative pressure laying machine, and the target basalt fibers are laid into a first net layer under a first preset condition;

[0079] The first preset condition is that the vacuum degree is -20 to -10 kPa, and the movement frequency of the flow guide plate in the negative pressure laying machine is 15-25 times / min;

[0080] The longitudinal fiber ratio of the first net layer is greater than 70%, and the grammage of the first net layer is 55-65 g / m 2 .

[0081] Of course, the process of laying the target polypropylene fibers into the second net layer can refer to the process of laying the target basalt fibers into the first net layer described above, which will not be described here.

[0082] Optionally, the first reinforcing treatment of the reinforcing structure by the needle punching method to obtain the first reinforced net layer comprises:

[0083] The first time, the needle is inserted into the reinforcing structure to a depth of 2.5-3.5 mm, the second time, the needle is inserted into the reinforcing structure to a depth of 5.5-6.5 mm, the third time, the needle is inserted into the reinforcing structure to a depth of 9.5-10.5 mm, and the fourth time, the needle is inserted into the reinforcing structure to a depth of 3.5-5.5 mm, to obtain the first reinforced net layer.

[0084] Optionally, the needle density of the first insertion is 110 strokes / cm 2 , the needle frequency of the second insertion is 780-820 rpm, and the needle direction of the second insertion is parallel to the axial direction of the fibers in the reinforcing structure;

[0085] The needle frequency of the third insertion is 980-1020 rpm, the third insertion is cross-inserted at ±15°, and the needle frequency of the fourth insertion is 580-620 rpm.

[0086] In actual processes, 12x15x32x2.5R micro-tapered hook needles (hooking depth 40 μm) are used, the first insertion is at a density of 110 strokes / cm 2 , the insertion depth is strictly controlled at 3 mm (only 30% of the basalt layer is penetrated), and the conveyor belt speed is 1.2 m / min. The second insertion is vertical insertion of 6 mm (to the upper surface of the transition layer), the needle frequency is 800 rpm, and the hooking direction is parallel to the axial direction of the fibers. The third insertion is 10 mm (penetrates to 50% of the bonding layer), the needle frequency is 1000 rpm, the needle is cross-inserted at an alternating angle of ±15°, and the fourth insertion is 4 mm (avoiding the tree-shaped protrusions), the needle frequency is 600 rpm, and the tension control is 20±2 N / cm.

[0087] The first reinforced net layer obtained by the needle punching treatment has moderate surface roughness, enhances friction, and reduces sliding. In addition, the needle punching process can entangle the layers and form a stable three-dimensional network, which is tightly interwoven and not easy to separate.

[0088] Optionally, the second reinforcing treatment of the first reinforced layer by the hot pressing processing technology to obtain the second reinforced net layer comprises:

[0089] The first reinforcing layer is placed in a hot-pressing roller device, and after being treated at 153-168 DEG C and 0.6-1.0 MPa pressure for 10-20 seconds and then being treated at 143-148 DEG C and 1.8-2.2 MPa pressure for 15-25 seconds, a second reinforcing net layer is obtained.

[0090] Optionally, the second reinforcing net layer is subjected to third reinforcing treatment by using a rapid cooling and shaping technology to obtain a target base cloth, comprising:

[0091] The second reinforcing net layer is placed in a liquid nitrogen cooling roller device or contacts a liquid nitrogen cooling roller to be rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of 60 DEG C / s, so that the second reinforcing net layer is cooled from 143-148 DEG C to 60-70 DEG C to obtain the target base cloth.

[0092] The melting point of basalt fiber is much higher than that of polypropylene (basalt about 1450 DEG C, polypropylene about 160 DEG C). In a high temperature environment (such as asphalt paving, hot areas), basalt fiber can maintain its performance, while pure polypropylene base cloth will soften or even melt. This greatly improves the high temperature stability of the base cloth during construction and use.

[0093] In addition, basalt fiber has excellent weather resistance, ultraviolet resistance, acid and alkali resistance, which helps to slow down the aging speed of the entire composite base cloth in complex environment (ultraviolet, water, chemicals), and prolong the service life.

[0094] The preparation method of the light-weight ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth provided by the embodiments of the present application realizes the ultra-high-strength (longitudinal tensile strength ≥ 1700 N / 5 cm) in the light-weight range, completely breaks through the traditional performance boundary, and solves the industry problem of "reducing weight must reduce strength". 2 The preparation method of the light-weight ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth provided by the embodiments of the present application realizes the ultra-high-strength (longitudinal tensile strength ≥ 1700 N / 5 cm) in the light-weight range, completely breaks through the traditional performance boundary, and solves the industry problem of "reducing weight must reduce strength".

[0095] The anti-cracking base cloth prepared by the preparation method of the light-weight ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth provided by the present application is continuously scanned by a beta ray thickness gauge (accuracy ± 1 μm), and the total gram weight is controlled to be 200 ± 5 g / m 2 At the same time, every 50 m of the roll is sampled, the interlayer shear strength is detected according to the ASTM D5321 standard, and the height of the dendritic protrusion (35-45 μm) and the asphalt embedding depth (≥0.4 mm) are measured by a laser confocal microscope.

[0096] The anti-cracking base cloth prepared by the preparation method of the light-weight ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth provided by the present application is continuously scanned by a beta ray thickness gauge (accuracy ± 1 μm), and the total gram weight is controlled to be 200 ± 5 g / m 2 The preparation method of the light-weight ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth provided by the embodiments of the present application realizes the ultra-high-strength (longitudinal tensile strength ≥ 1700 N / 5 cm) in the light-weight range, completely breaks through the traditional performance boundary, and solves the industry problem of "reducing weight must reduce strength". 2Base cloth strength level (800-1000N / 5cm), unit weight strength coefficient up to 8.75 (N / 5cm) / (g / m 2 ), increased by 108% compared with the industry average (4.2). The anti-cracking base cloth of the present application has a strength retention rate ≥ 87% (traditional base cloth ≤ 65%) at a high temperature of 160°C, completely solving the problem of softening and deformation of heavy-load roads in summer.

[0097] In addition, the sandwich structure design of the present application makes the interlayer shear strength > 15MPa (traditional blended structure only 8-10MPa), and the interlayer peeling force > 25N / mm, which is 200% higher than the national standard interlayer peeling force (≥8.3N / mm), capable of eliminating the risk of delamination.

[0098] The third net layer of the tree structure of the present application protrudes, making the asphalt embedding depth ≥ 0.4mm (traditional base cloth ≤ 0.15mm), and the anti-slippage force reaching 1.2kN / m (increased by 167%).

[0099] The present application adopts needle punching and gradient needle punching process, which can make the basalt fiber breakage rate < 3% (traditional process > 15%).

[0100] The present application adopts quenching and sizing technology (60℃ / s) to generate β crystal form microcrystalline region (accounting for > 40%) in the polypropylene surface layer, making the anti-creep performance increase by 50%.

[0101] The anti-cracking base cloth of the present application has the following breakthrough advantages: 1. Durability increases by leaps and bounds: the strength loss is < 8% after 500,000 cycles of load (traditional base cloth > 25%), the road repair cycle is extended to 15 years (traditional 8-10 years). The surface does not powder after 1000h of ultraviolet irradiation, and the anti-aging property is 3 times that of traditional base cloth.

[0102] 2. Construction efficiency breakthrough: the weight of the base cloth coiled material is reduced by 35%, the single-day paving efficiency is increased by 50%, and the asphalt soaking time is shortened to 4.3 seconds (reduced by 45%).

[0103] 3. Green low-carbon contribution: basalt fiber usage is reduced by 40%, unit area carbon emission is only 1.8kg-CO / m 2 (industry average 3.5kg), reduced by 48%.

[0104] 4. Comprehensive cost advantage: raw material cost is reduced by 25%, road full-cycle maintenance cost is reduced by 30%.

[0105] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0106] The above embodiments only express several implementation ways of the present application, and the description is specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lightweight ultra-high strength anti-cracking base fabric, characterized by, The method comprises: obtaining target basalt fibers and target polypropylene fibers with hollow structures; preparing a multi-layered embedded reinforced structure by using the target basalt fibers and the target polypropylene fibers with hollow structures; performing first reinforcement treatment on the reinforced structure by using a needle punching method to obtain a first reinforced net layer; performing second reinforcement treatment on the first reinforced layer by using a hot pressing processing technology to obtain a second reinforced net layer; performing third reinforcement treatment on the second reinforced net layer by using a rapid cooling and setting technology to obtain a target base cloth.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The target basalt fibers are obtained by: cutting continuous basalt filaments into 55-65 mm to obtain cut fibers; performing toughening modification treatment on the continuous basalt filaments by using a silane coupling agent and carbon nanotubes to obtain modified basalt fibers; placing the modified basalt fibers in a high-voltage electrostatic field for treatment to obtain the target basalt fibers.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The target polypropylene fibers with hollow structures are obtained by: melting polypropylene chips in a twin-screw extruder and injecting supercritical CO2 to obtain a polypropylene melt; extruding the polypropylene melt through a Y-shaped spinneret and winding into a hollow filament at a preset draw ratio; spraying a SiO2 modified MAPP solution on the surface of the hollow filament and curing to obtain the target polypropylene fibers.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The multi-layered embedded reinforced structure is prepared by using the target basalt fibers and the target polypropylene fibers with hollow structures, comprising: laying the target basalt fibers into a first net layer; laying the target polypropylene fibers into two second net layers and embedding the target basalt fibers into the two second net layers to form a sandwich structure of polypropylene-basalt bundle-polypropylene; softening the target polypropylene fibers and pressing into a third net layer with a tree-shaped surface; placing the sandwich structure on the first net layer and placing the third net layer on the sandwich structure to obtain a reinforced structure.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The target basalt fibers are laid into a first net layer by: feeding the target basalt fibers into a negative pressure laying machine and laying the target basalt fibers into a first net layer under first preset conditions; the first preset conditions are: vacuum degree of -20 to -10 kPa, and the movement frequency of the guide plate in the negative pressure laying machine is 15-25 times / min; The first web layer has a machine direction fiber fraction greater than 70%, and the first web layer has a basis weight of 55 to 65 g / m 2 .

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first reinforced net layer is obtained by performing first reinforcement treatment on the reinforced structure by using a needle punching method, comprising: the first reinforced net layer is obtained by first inserting the needle into the reinforced structure by 2.5-3.5 mm, secondly inserting the needle into the reinforced structure by 5.5-6.5 mm, thirdly inserting the needle into the reinforced structure by 9.5-10.5 mm, and fourthly inserting the needle into the reinforced structure by 3.5-5.5 mm.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The first piercing needle density is 110 punctures / cm 2 The second piercing needle frequency is 780-820 rpm, and the second piercing needle direction is parallel to the axial direction of the fiber in the reinforcing structure. The third insertion frequency is 980-1020 rpm, the third insertion is crosswise insertion by ±15°, and the fourth insertion frequency is 580-620 rpm.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The second reinforced net layer is obtained by performing second reinforcement treatment on the first reinforced layer by using a hot pressing processing technology, comprising: The first reinforcing layer is placed in a hot-pressing roller device, and after being treated at 153-168 ℃ and a pressure of 0.6-1.0 MPa for 10-20 seconds and then being treated at 143-148 ℃ and a pressure of 1.8-2.2 MPa for 15-25 seconds, a second reinforcing mesh layer is obtained.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The second reinforcing mesh layer is subjected to a third reinforcing treatment by using a rapid cooling and setting technology, and a target base cloth is obtained, which comprises the following steps: The second reinforcing mesh layer is placed in a liquid nitrogen cooling roller device, and is rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of 60 ℃ / s, so that the second reinforcing mesh layer is cooled from 143-148 ℃ to 60-70 ℃, and a target base cloth is obtained.

10. A lightweight ultra-high strength anti-cracking base cloth, characterized by, The light-weighted ultra-high-strength anti-cracking base cloth is prepared by using the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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