A self-adapting driving mechanism for reaming torque of a reverse circulation drilling machine

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of reverse drilling, in particular to a reverse drilling rig reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism, comprising a bearing seat, a plurality of radial holes extending radially in the bearing seat are arranged in the bearing seat, a steel ball is arranged in each radial hole, a steel ball mounting sliding block, a first spring and an adjusting sliding block are slidingly installed in the radial hole, an extension rod extending vertically downward to the outside of the bearing seat is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting sliding block, an adjusting unit is arranged outside the bearing seat, an elastic positioning rod is elastically installed in the mounting hole, when the steel ball completely enters the radial hole, the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the mounting hole are on the same straight line, the extension rod on all the adjusting sliding blocks can be synchronously driven by the adjusting unit, the distance between each adjusting sliding block and the axis of the bearing seat can be ensured to be consistent, the elastic positioning rod can be inserted into the positioning hole to fix the position of the steel ball mounting sliding block, and unnecessary collision between the steel ball and the groove can be avoided when the steel ball rotates in the groove.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reverse drilling, in particular to a reverse drilling rig reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] The reverse drilling construction process is to drill a small-diameter pilot hole from top to bottom by using a reverse drilling rig, to remove the rock cuttings by using a well flushing medium through positive circulation, and to remove the pilot hole drill bit in the lower horizontal roadway and install a large-diameter reaming drill bit after the pilot hole is connected with the lower horizontal roadway, so as to form a designed diameter wellbore by reaming from bottom to top.

[0003] Chinese patent CN108775225A discloses a reverse drilling rig reaming construction broken stratum temporary support equipment and its installation process, wherein the reverse drilling rig reaming construction broken stratum temporary support equipment comprises a high-pressure jet grouting device, a flow splitting cage head, a constant torque tightening mechanism, a temporary support material conveying drill rod, a lower clamping plate mechanism and a temporary support nozzle, wherein the constant torque tightening mechanism comprises a bearing seat, a steel ball, a jacking spring and a jacking bolt. The bearing seat has a mounting blind hole and a through hole, and the side wall has a plurality of limiting hole structures, each of which is composed of a bolt mounting hole, a spring mounting hole and a steel ball limiting hole. The steel ball is partially embedded in the limiting hole and is tightly pressed by the spring and the bolt. The steel ball is embedded in the limiting groove of the flow splitting conveying rod under the pressure of the jacking spring, and the torque is transmitted to the temporary support material conveying drill rod to drive it to rotate. When the stratum fissure develops in the coal mine shaft reaming construction, the drill rod may bear excessive torque due to sudden change of rock resistance. The constant torque tightening mechanism can trigger slip within 0.1-0.3 seconds to protect the drill rod. After that, only the steel ball reset needs to be checked, without replacing the entire drill rod, which greatly reduces downtime and maintenance cost.

[0004] However, the torque of the mechanism is adjusted by the bolt to adjust the pressure of the spring on the steel ball, so the depth of each bolt in the bolt mounting hole needs to be adjusted separately, resulting in a deviation in the torque transmitted by each spring to the steel ball, which in turn causes an error in the accuracy of the excessive torque in actual use, and the transmission connection between the bearing seat and the drill rod cannot be released in time. Moreover, since the spring force on the steel ball always exists, after the steel ball is pressed into the steel ball limiting hole, the steel ball may move into the groove and collide when the groove of the drill rod rotates to the position of the steel ball limiting hole, causing damage to the steel ball. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a reverse drilling rig reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism to solve the problems of the prior art.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] The application discloses a reamer expansion torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism of a reverse drilling machine, which comprises a bearing seat for connecting a driving source, a mounting blind hole and a mounting through hole are coaxially arranged in the bearing seat, a plurality of radial holes extending radially along the bearing seat are arranged in the mounting through hole, a steel ball for being inserted into a groove on the surface of a drill rod is arranged in each radial hole, a steel ball mounting sliding block is slidingly arranged in the radial hole, the steel ball is rotatably arranged at one end of the steel ball mounting sliding block which is directed towards the axis of the bearing seat, a first spring and an adjusting sliding block are further arranged in the radial hole, the adjusting sliding block is located at the other end of the steel ball mounting sliding block which is away from the axis of the bearing seat, and the first spring elastically connects the steel ball mounting sliding block and the adjusting sliding block; an extension rod extending vertically downwards is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting sliding block, the extension rod extends to the outside of the bearing seat through a first waist-shaped hole arranged at the bottom of the radial hole, the first waist-shaped hole extends radially along the bearing seat, an adjusting unit is arranged at the outside of the bearing seat, the adjusting unit is connected with all the extension rods and drives the extension rods to synchronously move along the first waist-shaped hole; a vertical positioning hole is arranged at the bottom of the steel ball mounting sliding block, a vertical extension mounting hole is arranged at the bottom of the radial hole, and an elastic positioning rod is elastically arranged in the mounting hole; when the steel ball is completely inserted into the radial hole, the axis of the positioning hole is in the same straight line with the axis of the mounting hole, and the elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the position of the steel ball mounting sliding block in the radial hole.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting unit comprises a rotating disc rotatably arranged on the bearing seat, a plurality of second waist-shaped holes which are inclined to extend along the horizontal direction and are in the same number with the first waist-shaped holes are arranged on the rotating disc, the extension rods are inserted into the second waist-shaped holes through the first waist-shaped holes, a shaft sleeve is coaxially arranged on the rotating disc, the shaft sleeve is sleeved outside the bearing seat, a plurality of spiral chutes are arranged on the periphery of the shaft sleeve, a moving sleeve ring is coaxially arranged below the rotating disc, the moving sleeve ring is sleeved outside the shaft sleeve, a protruding stud is arranged on the inner wall of the moving sleeve ring, the diameter of the stud is equal to the width of the spiral chute, the stud is inserted into the spiral chute, the moving sleeve ring drives the rotating disc to rotate along the axis direction of the rotating disc, and then drives all the adjusting sliding blocks to synchronously move.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting clamping groove is arranged around the outer wall of the moving sleeve ring, a threaded sleeve ring is coaxially arranged with the moving sleeve ring, the moving sleeve ring is rotatably arranged on the upper end of the threaded sleeve ring through the limiting clamping groove, threads are arranged on the outer wall of the mounting through hole of the bearing seat, and the threaded sleeve ring is screwingly arranged at the threads of the bearing seat, so that the moving sleeve ring is driven to move along the axis direction of the rotating disc when the threaded sleeve ring rotates.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of guide sleeves are arranged on the periphery of the top of the moving sleeve ring, and a plurality of guide rods extending vertically downwards are arranged on the bottom of the bearing seat, the guide rods are inserted into the guide sleeves.

[0011] Preferably, the first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole have a width equal to the diameter of the extension rod; a limiting head is coaxially arranged at one end of the extension rod outside the bearing seat, the limiting head has a diameter greater than that of the extension rod, and the limiting head is attached to the surface of the rotating disc.

[0012] Preferably, a first mounting cavity is coaxially arranged below the mounting hole, the first mounting cavity has an inner diameter greater than that of the mounting hole, and the first mounting cavity is communicated to the outside of the bearing seat; the elastic positioning rod has a diameter not greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, a first limiting ring is arranged on the elastic positioning rod, the first limiting ring has the same inner diameter as the first mounting cavity, and when the first limiting ring is attached to the top of the first mounting cavity, the top end of the elastic positioning rod protrudes from the bottom surface of the radial hole; a second spring and a plugging bolt are further arranged in the first mounting cavity, the plugging bolt is screw-installed at the bottom of the first mounting cavity, the second spring is elastically connected between the elastic positioning rod and the plugging bolt, and the elastic force of the second spring pushes the elastic positioning rod to move upward.

[0013] Preferably, the radial hole, the steel ball mounting sliding block and the adjusting sliding block have a rectangular longitudinal section shape, the radial hole is communicated to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and one end of the radial hole towards the axis of the bearing seat is provided with a communicating hole having the same diameter as the steel ball.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning hole vertically penetrates the steel ball mounting sliding block, a lifting column having the same height as the steel ball mounting sliding block is slidably arranged in the steel ball mounting sliding block, a second mounting cavity is arranged on the upper side of the radial hole and extends along the length direction of the radial hole, the width of the second mounting cavity is not less than the diameter of the lifting column and is less than the width of the radial hole, when the steel ball mounting sliding block moves to a position where the positioning hole and the mounting hole are in the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole and pushes the lifting column to move upward into the second mounting cavity, and a reset pressing block is slidably arranged in the second mounting cavity, and the reset pressing block is used to press the lifting column so that the elastic positioning rod enters the mounting hole.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of vertically upward extending connecting rods are arranged on the reset pressing block, the connecting rods extend to the outside of the bearing seat through a third waist-shaped hole arranged on the upper side of the second mounting cavity, a top plate is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rods outside the bearing seat, a third spring is sleeved on the connecting rods, the third spring elastically connects the top plate and the outer wall of the bearing seat, and the elastic force of the third spring makes the reset pressing block attached to the top of the second mounting cavity; a pressing cylinder is coaxially arranged outside the bearing seat, and when the pressing cylinder presses the top plate, the reset pressing block is driven to move downward in the second mounting cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the radial hole, the second mounting cavity and the third waist-shaped hole horizontally extend to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and an edge sealing sleeve for plugging the radial hole, the second mounting cavity and the third waist-shaped hole is coaxially arranged on the bearing seat.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0018] Firstly, the present application can ensure that each adjusting slider is consistent with the distance of the bearing seat axis, each steel ball is consistent with the pressure of the drill pipe groove, the transmitted torque is more accurate, and the driving connection of the bearing seat and the drill pipe can be timely released when the drill pipe bears excess torque, so that the drill pipe is effectively protected.

[0019] Secondly, when the steel ball completely enters the radial hole due to excess torque, the elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider, so that unnecessary collision between the steel ball and the groove is avoided when the steel ball rotates in the drill pipe groove, the probability of damage of the steel ball is greatly reduced, and the service life of the steel ball is prolonged.

[0020] Thirdly, the elastic positioning rod in the present application is inserted into the positioning hole through the mounting hole under the elastic force of the second spring and pushes the lifting column upward. The top of the lifting column enters the second mounting cavity, and the limiting release of the steel ball mounting slider can be realized by moving the reset block in the second mounting cavity, so that the steel ball can be quickly reset to the communication hole to drive the connection of the drill pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a front view of the in-the-hole drilling machine reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism in the first working state.

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view of A-A of

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view of B of

[0024] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the in-the-hole drilling machine reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism.

[0025] Figure 5 is a perspective structural exploded view of the in-the-hole drilling machine reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged view of C of

[0027] Figure 7 is a perspective structural exploded view of the in-the-hole drilling machine reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure 8 is a front view of the in-the-hole drilling machine reaming torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism in the second working state.

[0029] Figure 9 is Figure 8a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Fig. 1.

[0030] Figure 10 is Figure 9 a close-up view of E of Fig. 1.

[0031] The figure marks are: 1, bearing seat; 11, installation blind hole; 12, installation through hole; 13, radial hole; 131, first waist-shaped hole; 132, installation hole; 133, first installation cavity; 134, communication hole; 135, second installation cavity; 136, third waist-shaped hole; 137, edge sleeve; 14, elastic positioning rod; 141, first limiting ring; 142, second spring; 143, plugging bolt; 15, guide rod; 16, reset block; 161, connecting rod; 162, top plate; 163, third spring; 164, pressing cylinder; 2, steel ball; 21, steel ball installation sliding block; 211, positioning hole; 212, lifting column; 22, first spring; 23, adjusting sliding block; 231, extension rod; 232, limiting head; 3, adjusting unit; 31, rotating disc; 311, second waist-shaped hole; 312, shaft sleeve; 313, spiral chute; 32, moving sleeve ring; 321, stud; 322, limiting clamping groove; 323, guide sleeve; 33, threaded sleeve ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to further understand the features, technical means and specific purposes and functions achieved by the present application, the present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 10 :

[0034] The application discloses a self-adaptive transmission mechanism for reaming torque of a reverse drilling machine, which comprises a bearing seat 1 connected with a driving source, a mounting blind hole 11 and a mounting through hole 12 coaxially arranged in the bearing seat 1, a plurality of radial holes 13 extending radially along the bearing seat 1 arranged in the mounting through hole 12, a steel ball 2 arranged in each radial hole 13 for being inserted into a groove on the surface of a drill rod, a steel ball mounting sliding block 21 slidingly arranged in the radial hole 13, the steel ball 2 being rotatably arranged at one end of the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 which is directed towards the axis of the bearing seat 1, a first spring 22 and an adjusting sliding block 23 further arranged in the radial hole 13, the adjusting sliding block 23 being arranged at one end of the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 which is away from the axis of the bearing seat 1, and the first spring 22 being elastically connected between the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 and the adjusting sliding block 23; an extension rod 231 vertically extending downwards is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting sliding block 23, the extension rod 231 extending to the outside of the bearing seat 1 through a first waist-shaped hole 131 arranged at the bottom of the radial hole 13, the first waist-shaped hole 131 extending radially along the bearing seat 1, an adjusting unit 3 being arranged outside the bearing seat 1, the adjusting unit 3 being connected with all the extension rods 231 and driving the extension rods 231 to synchronously move along the first waist-shaped hole 131; a vertical positioning hole 211 is arranged at the bottom of the steel ball mounting sliding block 21, a vertical mounting hole 132 extending downwards is arranged at the bottom of the radial hole 13, and an elastic positioning rod 14 is elastically arranged in the mounting hole 132; when the steel ball 2 is completely arranged in the radial hole 13, the axis of the positioning hole 211 is in the same line with the axis of the mounting hole 132, and the elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 to fix the position of the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 in the radial hole 13.

[0035] In this embodiment, the bearing seat 1 is connected to the driving source. Due to the action of the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 drives the steel ball 2 to move towards the axis of the bearing seat 1, so that the steel ball 2 partially protrudes from the radial hole 13, and is ready to cooperate with the groove on the surface of the drill rod. In this embodiment, the adjusting unit 3 can synchronously drive all the extension rods 231 to move along the first waist-shaped hole 131. When the adjusting slider 23 moves, the first spring 22 is compressed or stretched, so as to adjust the length of the steel ball 2 protruding from the radial hole 13 and the pressure on the groove of the drill rod, and further set the required torque value of the transmission. When the driving source drives the bearing seat 1 to rotate, the steel ball 2 is embedded in the groove on the surface of the drill rod, and the torque is transmitted to the drill rod, so that the normal reaming operation is realized. When the stratum fissure develops and the drill rod bears excessive torque, the force of the drill rod on the steel ball 2 increases. When this force exceeds the elastic force set by the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 22 and slides away from the axis of the bearing seat 1, and the steel ball 2 gradually exits from the groove of the drill rod, so that the transmission connection between the bearing seat 1 and the drill rod is released, thereby protecting the drill rod from being damaged. When the steel ball 2 completely enters the radial hole 13, the axis of the positioning hole 211 is in the same straight line with the axis of the mounting hole 132 at this time, and the elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 under the action of its own elastic force, so as to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider 21 in the radial hole 13 and maintain the state of releasing the transmission connection, prevent the steel ball 2 from moving into the groove of the drill rod again, and avoid the collision and damage of the steel ball 2 with the drill rod. In the prior art, the installation depth of each bolt needs to be adjusted separately, which causes the torque transmitted by each steel ball 2 to have deviation due to the elastic force of each first spring 22. However, in this design, the adjusting unit 3 synchronously drives all the extension rods 231 on the adjusting sliders 23, so as to ensure that the distance between each adjusting slider 23 and the axis of the bearing seat 1 is consistent, the pressure of each steel ball 2 on the groove of the drill rod is consistent, the transmission torque is more accurate, and the transmission connection between the bearing seat 1 and the drill rod can be released in time when the drill rod bears excessive torque, thereby effectively protecting the drill rod. In this embodiment, when the steel ball 2 completely enters the radial hole 13 due to excessive torque, the elastic positioning rod 14 will insert into the positioning hole 211 to fix the position of the steel ball mounting slider 21, so as to avoid unnecessary collision between the steel ball 2 and the groove when the steel ball 2 rotates in the groove, greatly reduce the probability of damage of the steel ball 2, and prolong the service life of the steel ball 2.

[0036] In order to solve the problem of how to drive all the adjusting sliders 23 to move synchronously through the adjusting unit 3, the following features are specifically provided:

[0037] The adjusting unit 3 comprises a rotating disc 31 rotatably arranged on the bearing seat 1, a plurality of second waist-shaped holes 311 are arranged on the rotating disc 31, the second waist-shaped holes 311 are inclinedly arranged along the horizontal direction, and the extension rods 231 are inserted into the second waist-shaped holes 311 through the first waist-shaped holes 131; a shaft sleeve 312 is coaxially arranged on the rotating disc 31, the shaft sleeve 312 is arranged outside the bearing seat 1, a plurality of helical grooves 313 are arranged on the side of the shaft sleeve 312; the adjusting unit 3 further comprises a moving sleeve ring 32 coaxially arranged below the rotating disc 31, the moving sleeve ring 32 is arranged outside the shaft sleeve 312, a protruding head 321 is arranged on the inner wall of the moving sleeve ring 32, the diameter of the protruding head 321 is equal to the width of the helical groove 313, the protruding head 321 is inserted into the helical groove 313, the moving sleeve ring 32 drives the rotating disc 31 to rotate along the axis direction of the rotating disc 31, and then drives all the adjusting sliders 23 to synchronously move.

[0038] In the embodiment, the rotating disc 31 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the bearing seat 1, the shaft sleeve 312 is coaxially arranged on the rotating disc 31 and arranged outside the bearing seat 1, and the moving sleeve ring 32 is arranged outside the shaft sleeve 312. At this time, the extension rods 231 are inserted into the second waist-shaped holes 311 through the first waist-shaped holes 131, and the protruding head 321 on the moving sleeve ring 32 is inserted into the helical groove 313 arranged on the shaft sleeve 312. When the moving sleeve ring 32 moves along the axis direction of the rotating disc 31, the axial movement of the moving sleeve ring 32 is converted into the rotating movement of the rotating disc 31 due to the protruding head 321 inserted into the helical groove 313. With the rotation of the rotating disc 31, the position of the second waist-shaped holes 311 arranged on the rotating disc 31 changes. The moving of the second waist-shaped holes 311 generates a component force on the extension rods 231, so that the extension rods 231 synchronously move along the first waist-shaped holes 131, and then push the adjusting sliders 23 to move in the radial holes 13, compress or stretch the first springs 22, realize the synchronous adjustment of the length of the steel balls 2 extending out of the radial holes 13 and the pressure of the grooves of the drill rod, and finally achieve the purpose of setting the required torque value of the transmission.

[0039] In order to solve the problem of how to fix the position of the moving sleeve ring 32, the following features are specifically arranged:

[0040] The moving sleeve ring 32 is provided with a limiting clamping groove 322 around the outer wall of the moving sleeve ring 32, the adjusting unit 3 further comprises a threaded sleeve ring 33 coaxially arranged with the moving sleeve ring 32, the moving sleeve ring 32 is rotatably arranged on the upper end of the threaded sleeve ring 33 through the limiting clamping groove 322; the bearing seat 1 is provided with a thread on the outer wall of the mounting through hole 12, and the threaded sleeve ring 33 is screwingly arranged at the thread of the bearing seat 1, so that the threaded sleeve ring 33 drives the moving sleeve ring 32 to move along the axis direction of the rotating disc 31 when the threaded sleeve ring 33 rotates.

[0041] When it is necessary to adjust the position of the moving sleeve 32 to achieve the synchronous adjustment of the adjusting slider 23, the threaded sleeve 33 is rotated. Since the threaded sleeve 33 is connected with the bearing seat 1 through threads, the rotation of the threaded sleeve 33 will make it move axially along the threads of the bearing seat 1. Because the moving sleeve 32 is rotationally installed on the threaded sleeve 33, the axial movement of the threaded sleeve 33 will drive the moving sleeve 32 to move along the axis direction of the rotating disc 31. The movement of the moving sleeve 32 further makes the rotating disc 31 rotate through the cooperation of the stud 321 and the helical chute 313, and finally achieves the synchronous adjustment of the extension rod 231 and the adjusting slider 23.

[0042] In order to ensure that the stud 321 of the moving sleeve 32 moves along the vertical direction during the lifting movement to drive the sleeve 312 to rotate, the following features are specifically provided:

[0043] The top of the moving sleeve 32 is provided with a plurality of guide sleeves 323, and the bottom of the bearing seat 1 is provided with a plurality of guide rods 15 extending vertically downward, which are inserted into the guide sleeves 323.

[0044] When the threaded sleeve 33 is rotated to drive the moving sleeve 32 to move along the axis direction of the rotating disc 31 in the embodiment, the guide sleeves 323 move synchronously on the guide rods 15. Since the guide rods 15 extend vertically downward, the guide sleeves 323 can only move along the axial direction of the guide rods 15, i.e. the vertical direction. This ensures that the stud 321 of the moving sleeve 32 always moves along the vertical direction during the lifting movement. With the vertical movement of the moving sleeve 32, the stud 321 slides in the helical chute 313, thereby driving the sleeve 312 to rotate. The rotation of the sleeve 312 further makes the rotating disc 31 rotate, and finally achieves the synchronous adjustment of the extension rod 231 and the adjusting slider 23.

[0045] In order to ensure that the rotation of the rotating disc 31 can drive the adjusting slider 23 to move stably and the extension rod 231 on the adjusting slider 23 is always located in the second waist-shaped hole 311 of the rotating disc 31, the following features are specifically provided:

[0046] The width of the first waist-shaped hole 131 and the second waist-shaped hole 311 is equal to the diameter of the extension rod 231; the extension rod 231 is coaxially provided with a limiting head 232 at one end outside the bearing seat 1, the diameter of the limiting head 232 is greater than that of the extension rod 231, and the limiting head 232 abuts against the surface of the rotating disc 31.

[0047] The setting of the limiting head 232 in the embodiment effectively prevents the extension rod 231 from being separated from the second waist-shaped hole 311. Since the widths of the first waist-shaped hole 131 and the second waist-shaped hole 311 are equal to the diameter of the extension rod 231, the position of the extension rod 231 in the hole is relatively fixed and cannot produce excessive shaking in the horizontal direction. When the extension rod 231 moves in the second waist-shaped hole 311 with the rotation of the rotating disc 31, because of the constraint of the first waist-shaped hole 131 and the second waist-shaped hole 311 on the extension rod 231 in the horizontal direction, the extension rod 231 can only move in the direction of the first waist-shaped hole 131, thereby stably moving the adjusting slider 23 in the radial hole 13.

[0048] In order to achieve the purpose that the elastic positioning rod 14 can be quickly inserted into the positioning hole 211 when the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves to the position where the positioning hole 211 is above the mounting hole 132, the following features are specifically set:

[0049] A first mounting cavity 133 coaxial with the mounting hole 132 is arranged below the mounting hole 132, the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity 133 is greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 132, the first mounting cavity 133 is connected to the outside of the bearing seat 1; the diameter of the elastic positioning rod 14 is not greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 132, a first limiting ring 141 is arranged on the elastic positioning rod 14, the diameter of the first limiting ring 141 is the same as the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity 133, when the first limiting ring 141 is attached to the top of the first mounting cavity 133, the top end of the elastic positioning rod 14 protrudes from the bottom surface of the radial hole 13; a second spring 142 and a plugging bolt 143 are further arranged in the first mounting cavity 133, the plugging bolt 143 is screw-installed at the bottom of the first mounting cavity 133, the second spring 142 is elastically connected between the elastic positioning rod 14 and the plugging bolt 143, and the elastic positioning rod 14 is pushed upward by the elastic force of the second spring 142.

[0050] In the embodiment, when the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves in the radial hole 13 under the action of external force, the positioning hole 211 moves accordingly. When the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves to the position where the positioning hole 211 is above the mounting hole 132, since the elastic positioning rod 14 always has a tendency to move upward under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 142 and the diameter of the elastic positioning rod 14 is not greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 132, the elastic positioning rod 14 can quickly pass through the mounting hole 132 and be inserted into the positioning hole 211, thereby completing the positioning of the steel ball mounting slider 21. The size of the upward elastic force of the elastic positioning rod 14 can be adjusted by rotating the plugging bolt 143. Rotating the plugging bolt 143 in will further compress the second spring 142 and increase the elastic force thereof; rotating the plugging bolt 143 out will reduce the compression amount of the second spring 142 and decrease the elastic force thereof.

[0051] In order to solve the problem of how to ensure that the mounting hole 132 is always located on the moving path of the positioning hole 211, the following features are specifically set:

[0052] The longitudinal section shape of the radial hole 13, the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 and the adjusting sliding block 23 is rectangular, the radial hole 13 is communicated to the outer wall of the bearing seat 1, and a communicating hole 134 with the same diameter as the steel ball 2 is arranged at one end of the radial hole 13 towards the axis of the bearing seat 1.

[0053] In the embodiment, since the longitudinal section shape of the radial hole 13, the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 and the adjusting sliding block 23 is rectangular, the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 and the adjusting sliding block 23 can only move in a specific direction in the radial hole 13, that is, can only move linearly in the rectangular space defined by the radial hole 13, which ensures that the mounting hole 132 is always located on the moving path of the positioning hole 211, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of positioning. The radial hole 13 is provided with a communicating hole 134 with the same diameter as the steel ball 2 at one end towards the axis of the bearing seat 1, and after the steel ball 2 is installed on the steel ball mounting sliding block 21, it can be partially extended out of the radial hole 13 through the communicating hole 134 and cooperated with the groove on the surface of the drill rod.

[0054] In order to solve the problem of how to release the limiting of the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 to restore the steel ball 2 to the initial position, the following features are specifically provided:

[0055] The positioning hole 211 vertically penetrates the steel ball mounting sliding block 21, and the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 is slidably installed with a lifting column 212 with the same height as the steel ball mounting sliding block 21, the upper side of the radial hole 13 is provided with a second installation cavity 135, the second installation cavity 135 extends along the length direction of the radial hole 13, the width of the second installation cavity 135 is not less than the diameter of the lifting column 212 and less than the width of the radial hole 13, when the steel ball mounting sliding block 21 moves to the positioning hole 211 and the mounting hole 132 are in the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 and pushes the lifting column 212 to move upwardly into the second installation cavity 135; the second installation cavity 135 is slidably installed with a reset pressing block 16, and the reset pressing block 16 is used to press the lifting column 212 to make the elastic positioning rod 14 enter the mounting hole 132.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the steel ball mounting slider 21 moves to a position where the positioning hole 211 and the mounting hole 132 are on the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod 14, under the action of the second spring 142, passes through the mounting hole 132 and inserts into the positioning hole 211, pushing the lifting column 212 upward. As the lifting column 212 moves upward, its top enters the second mounting cavity 135. At this time, the steel ball mounting slider 21 is limited by the elastic positioning rod 14 and remains in its current position. When it is necessary to release the limitation on the steel ball mounting slider 21 and restore the steel ball 2 to its initial position, the reset block 16 presses the lifting column 212 downward in the second mounting cavity 135. After being pressed, the lifting column 212 moves downward, and the elastic positioning rod 14, under the reaction force of the lifting column 212, overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 142, gradually withdrawing from the positioning hole 211 and entering the mounting hole 132. At this time, the limit of the steel ball mounting slider 21 is released, and under the elastic force of the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 can drive the steel ball 2 to move to the initial position. In this embodiment, the limit of the steel ball mounting slider 21 is released by the reset pressure block 16, so that the steel ball 2 can be quickly reset to the connecting hole 134 to make transmission connection to the drill rod.

[0057] To address the issue of how to move all the reset blocks 16 simultaneously to unlock all the steel ball mounting sliders 21, the following features were specifically designed:

[0058] The reset block 16 is provided with several vertically upward extending connecting rods 161. The connecting rods 161 pass through the third waist-shaped hole 136 provided on the upper side of the second mounting cavity 135 and extend to the outside of the bearing seat 1. A top plate 162 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 161 outside the bearing seat 1. A third spring 163 is sleeved on the connecting rod 161. The third spring 163 elastically connects the top plate 162 and the outer wall of the bearing seat 1. The elastic force of the third spring 163 makes the reset block 16 fit against the top of the second mounting cavity 135. A lower pressure cylinder 164 is coaxially installed on the outside of the bearing seat 1. The lower pressure cylinder 164 presses the top plate 162, causing the reset block 16 to move downward in the second mounting cavity 135.

[0059] When the steel ball installation slider 21 needs to be unlocked synchronously, the lower pressing cylinder 164 is pushed to move downward. The lower pressing cylinder 164 is pressed against the top plate 162 during the downward movement. After the top plate 162 is pressed, all the reset blocks 16 are synchronously moved downward in the second installation cavity 135 through the connecting rod 161. When the unlocking operation is completed, the reset blocks 16 need to be restored to the initial position. The lower pressing cylinder 164 is moved upward so that it no longer presses the top plate 162. At this time, the elastic force of the third spring 163 acts to push the top plate 162 to move upward. The top plate 162 drives the reset blocks 16 to move upward synchronously through the connecting rod 161. The reset blocks 16 are reattached to the top of the second installation cavity 135, releasing the space for the upward movement of the subsequent lifting column 212, and preparing for the next position limiting release operation. The movement of the lower pressing cylinder 164 can be achieved by manual operation or a linear actuator.

[0060] In order to facilitate the installation of the steel ball installation slider 21, the first spring 22, the adjusting slider 23, and the reset block 16, the following features are specifically provided:

[0061] The radial hole 13, the second installation cavity 135, and the third waist-shaped hole 136 extend horizontally to the outer wall of the bearing seat 1. A sealing edge sleeve 137 is coaxially installed on the bearing seat 1 to block the radial hole 13, the second installation cavity 135, and the third waist-shaped hole 136.

[0062] Since the radial hole 13, the second installation cavity 135, and the third waist-shaped hole 136 extend horizontally to the outer wall of the bearing seat 1, the operator can directly put the components such as the steel ball installation slider 21, the first spring 22, the adjusting slider 23, and the reset block 16 into the corresponding radial hole 13 and second installation cavity 135 from the outer wall of the bearing seat 1 before installing these components. After the installation of each component is completed, the sealing edge sleeve 137 is coaxially installed on the bearing seat 1. The sealing edge sleeve 137 covers the openings of the radial hole 13, the second installation cavity 135, and the third waist-shaped hole 136, plays a blocking role to prevent the internal components from falling out, and makes the entire structure more compact and complete.

[0063] Working principle: The support seat 1 is connected to the drive source. Due to the action of the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 drives the steel ball 2 to move towards the axis of the support seat 1, so that part of the steel ball 2 extends out of the radial hole 13, ready to engage with the groove on the surface of the drill rod. The adjustment unit 3 synchronously drives all extension rods 231 to move along the first oblong hole 131. When the adjustment slider 23 moves, it compresses or stretches the first spring 22, thereby adjusting the pressure of the steel ball 2 on the groove of the drill rod, and thus setting the torque value required for transmission. When the drive source drives the support seat 1 to rotate, the steel ball 2 is embedded in the groove on the surface of the drill rod, transmitting the torque to the drill rod to achieve normal hole enlargement operation. When the formation fractures develop and the drill rod bears excessive torque, the force of the drill rod on the steel ball 2 increases. When this force exceeds the elastic force set by the first spring 22, the steel ball mounting slider 21 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 22 and slides away from the axis of the bearing seat 1. The steel ball 2 gradually exits from the drill rod groove. When the steel ball 2 is completely inserted into the radial hole 13, the axis of the positioning hole 211 and the axis of the mounting hole 132 are on the same straight line. The elastic positioning rod 14 is inserted into the positioning hole 211 under its own elastic force, fixing the position of the steel ball mounting slider 21 in the radial hole 13 and maintaining the state of disengaged transmission connection.

[0064] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reamer torque self-adaptive transmission mechanism of a reverse circulation drilling machine, comprising a bearing seat for connecting a driving source, a mounting blind hole and a mounting through hole coaxially arranged in the bearing seat, a plurality of radial holes extending radially along the bearing seat arranged in the mounting through hole, and a steel ball for being inserted into a groove on a surface of a drill rod arranged in each radial hole, characterized in that, A steel ball mounting sliding block is mounted in the radial hole, a steel ball is rotatably mounted on one end of the steel ball mounting sliding block which faces the axis of the bearing seat, a first spring and an adjusting sliding block are further arranged in the radial hole, the adjusting sliding block is located on the end of the steel ball mounting sliding block which is away from the axis of the bearing seat, and the first spring elastically connects the steel ball mounting sliding block and the adjusting sliding block; An extension rod extending vertically downward is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting sliding block, the extension rod extends to the outside of the bearing seat through a first waist-shaped hole arranged at the bottom of the radial hole, the first waist-shaped hole extends along the radial direction of the bearing seat, an adjusting unit is arranged at the outside of the bearing seat, the adjusting unit is connected with all the extension rods and drives the extension rods to move synchronously along the first waist-shaped hole; A vertical positioning hole is arranged at the bottom of the steel ball mounting sliding block, a vertical extension mounting hole is arranged at the bottom of the radial hole, and an elastic positioning rod is elastically mounted in the mounting hole; when the steel ball is completely inserted into the radial hole, the axis of the positioning hole is in the same straight line with the axis of the mounting hole, and the elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the position of the steel ball mounting sliding block in the radial hole.

2. The reamer bit force moment self-adaptive transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting unit comprises a rotating disc rotatably mounted on the bearing seat, a plurality of second waist-shaped holes are arranged on the rotating disc and have the same number as the first waist-shaped holes, the second waist-shaped holes extend along the horizontal direction, and the extension rods are inserted into the second waist-shaped holes through the first waist-shaped holes; A shaft sleeve is coaxially arranged on the rotating disc, the shaft sleeve is arranged outside the bearing seat, and a plurality of spiral chutes are arranged on the side of the shaft sleeve; The adjusting unit further comprises a moving sleeve ring coaxially arranged below the rotating disc, the moving sleeve ring is arranged outside the shaft sleeve, a protruding stud is arranged on the inner wall of the moving sleeve ring, the diameter of the stud is equal to the width of the spiral chute, the stud is inserted into the spiral chute, and the moving sleeve ring drives the rotating disc to rotate along the axis direction of the rotating disc, so that all the adjusting sliding blocks are synchronously moved.

3. The reamer bit overcoring moment self-adaptive transmission mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, A limiting clamping groove is arranged on the moving sleeve ring and surrounds the outer wall of the moving sleeve ring, the adjusting unit further comprises a threaded sleeve ring coaxially arranged with the moving sleeve ring, and the moving sleeve ring is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the threaded sleeve ring through the limiting clamping groove; A screw thread is arranged on the outer wall of the bearing seat located in the mounting through hole, and the threaded sleeve ring is screwingly mounted at the screw thread of the bearing seat, so that the moving sleeve ring is driven to move along the axis direction of the rotating disc when the threaded sleeve ring rotates.

4. The reamer bit overhole drilling machine reaming torque self-adapting transmission mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of guide sleeves are arranged on the top of the moving sleeve ring, and a plurality of guide rods extending vertically downward are arranged at the bottom of the bearing seat and are inserted into the guide sleeves.

5. The reamer bit overhole drilling machine reaming torque self-adapting transmission mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The widths of the first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole are equal to the diameter of the extension rod; A limiting head is coaxially arranged at one end of the extension rod located outside the bearing seat, the diameter of the limiting head is greater than the diameter of the extension rod, and the limiting head is attached to the surface of the rotating disc.

6. The reamer bit overcoring moment self-adaptive transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first mounting cavity is coaxially arranged below the mounting hole, the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity is greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, and the first mounting cavity is communicated to the outside of the bearing seat; The diameter of the elastic positioning rod is not greater than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, a first limiting ring is arranged on the elastic positioning rod, the diameter of the first limiting ring is the same as the inner diameter of the first mounting cavity, and the elastic positioning rod protrudes from the bottom surface of the radial hole when the first limiting ring is attached to the top of the first mounting cavity. The first mounting cavity is also provided with a second spring and a plugging bolt, the plugging bolt is screw-mounted at the bottom of the first mounting cavity, the second spring is elastically connected between the elastic positioning rod and the plugging bolt, and the elastic force of the second spring pushes the elastic positioning rod to move upward.

7. The reamer bit overhole drilling machine reaming torque self-adapting transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal section shape of the radial hole, the steel ball mounting slider and the adjusting slider is rectangular, the radial hole is communicated to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and one end of the radial hole towards the axis of the bearing seat is provided with a communicating hole with the same diameter as the steel ball.

8. The reamer bit reaming torque self-adapting transmission mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning hole vertically penetrates the steel ball mounting slider, the steel ball mounting slider is slidably provided with a lifting column with the same height as the steel ball mounting slider, the upper side of the radial hole is provided with a second mounting cavity, the second mounting cavity extends along the length direction of the radial hole, the width of the second mounting cavity is not less than the diameter of the lifting column and is less than the width of the radial hole, when the steel ball mounting slider moves to the position that the positioning hole and the mounting hole are in the same straight line, the elastic positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole and pushes the lifting column to move upward into the second mounting cavity. The second mounting cavity is slidably provided with a reset pressing block, and the reset pressing block is used for pressing the lifting column to make the elastic positioning rod enter the mounting hole.

9. The reamer bit underreamer torque adaptive drive mechanism of claim 8, wherein, The reset pressing block is provided with a plurality of vertically upward extending connecting rods, the connecting rods extend to the outside of the bearing seat through the third waist-shaped holes provided on the upper side of the second mounting cavity, one end of the connecting rods located outside the bearing seat is fixedly provided with a top plate, the connecting rods are provided with a third spring, the third spring elastically connects the top plate and the outer wall of the bearing seat, and the elastic force of the third spring makes the reset pressing block fit the top of the second mounting cavity. The bearing seat is coaxially provided with a pressing cylinder, the pressing cylinder presses the top plate to drive the reset pressing block to move downward in the second mounting cavity.

10. The reamer bit underreamer torque adaptive drive mechanism of claim 9, wherein, The radial hole, the second mounting cavity and the third waist-shaped hole horizontally extend to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is coaxially provided with an edge sealing sleeve for sealing the radial hole, the second mounting cavity and the third waist-shaped hole.

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