Drill code machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a code-printing machine, relating to the field of circuit board processing technology. The code-printing machine includes a frame, a transmission assembly, a code-reading assembly, and a code-printing assembly. The frame has code-reading positions and code-printing positions spaced apart. The transmission assembly is movably mounted on the frame and includes a feeding unit, a conveying unit, and a discharging unit arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the transmission direction. The code-reading positions are located between the feeding unit and the conveying unit, and the code-printing positions are located between the conveying unit and the discharging unit. The code-reading assembly includes an X-ray emitter and a receiver movably mounted on the frame. The X-ray emitter is located on one side of the code-reading position with its emission direction facing the code-reading position, and the receiver is located on the other side of the code-reading position. The code-reading assembly is used to read traceability codes inside the circuit board. The code-printing assembly is movably mounted on the frame and opposite the code-printing positions. The technical solution provided by this invention improves the compactness of the overall structure, thereby improving operational convenience and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit board processing technology, and in particular to a drilling machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the production and processing of circuit boards, drilling and marking is a crucial step for subsequent testing, repair, and traceability. Traceability codes are typically pre-formed on the inner layers of the circuit board, but these codes can generally only be read through specific equipment. Therefore, drilling and marking is necessary to create an exposed array of holes on the circuit board's surface that uniquely corresponds to the internal traceability code. This allows the traceability code to be converted into an external mark that can be directly read by the naked eye or a regular barcode reader, facilitating its reading.

[0003] Existing drilling and coding machines typically have a separate code-reading component on one side of the transmission path to read the traceability codes on the inner layer of the circuit board before drilling and coding. However, this method results in a less compact overall structure for the drilling and coding machine, and during the code-reading operation, the circuit board needs to be detached from or offset from its original transmission path to move to a specific position, making the movement path of the circuit board rather cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a drilling and coding machine that improves the compactness of the overall structure, thereby enhancing ease of operation and reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a drilling and coding machine for drilling and coding circuit boards, comprising:

[0006] The frame is equipped with reading code positions and drilling code positions at intervals;

[0007] A transmission component is movably mounted on the frame. The transmission component includes a feeding unit, a conveying unit, and a discharging unit arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the transmission direction. The code reading position is located between the feeding unit and the conveying unit, and the code drilling position is located between the conveying unit and the discharging unit.

[0008] A code reading assembly includes an X-ray emitter and a receiver movably mounted on the rack. The X-ray emitter is located on one side of the code reading position, with its emission direction facing the code reading position. The receiver is located on the other side of the code reading position. The code reading assembly is used to read the traceability code inside the circuit board; and

[0009] The drill bit assembly is movably mounted on the frame and opposite to the drill bit position.

[0010] In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes:

[0011] A first positioning plate is disposed between the feeding unit and the conveying unit and spaced apart from the feeding unit. The first positioning plate and the feeding unit are respectively located at both ends of the code reading position. The first positioning plate is used to abut against the end of the circuit board facing the discharging unit.

[0012] A second positioning plate is movably disposed above the feeding unit. Two second positioning plates are spaced apart and perpendicular to the first positioning plate. The two second positioning plates can move closer or further apart to clamp or release the circuit board.

[0013] A transport component is movably mounted on the rack and located above the transmission component. The transport component is used to move the circuit board, after being read by the code reading component, to the code position.

[0014] In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes:

[0015] A first driving unit, disposed on the frame and drivenly connected to the code reading assembly, is used to drive the code reading assembly to move along the extending direction of the first positioning plate; and

[0016] The second drive unit is located on the frame and is driven to connect with the first positioning plate, and is used to drive the first positioning plate to move in a direction close to or away from the feeding unit;

[0017] The movement direction of the code reading component is perpendicular to the direction of the first positioning plate, and the first driving unit and the second driving unit cooperate to make the code reading component aligned with the traceability code inside the circuit board.

[0018] In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes:

[0019] The first positioning detection element is disposed on the side of the drill bit position and located between the first positioning plate and the feeding unit. The positioning detection element is used to detect whether the circuit board has reached the drill bit position.

[0020] The first positioning detection element includes a first transmitting part and a first receiving part, which are located on opposite sides of the drill bit position, and the line connecting the first transmitting part and the first receiving part intersects the plane where the drill bit position is located.

[0021] In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a fixing component disposed at the drilling position, the fixing component being used to restrict the circuit board to the drilling position.

[0022] In one embodiment, the fixing component includes:

[0023] A base plate is provided on the frame and located at the drill bit position, and the base plate is provided with clearance holes;

[0024] The mounting plate is movably mounted on the frame and located below the base plate. The mounting plate can move towards or away from the drill bit position.

[0025] Support shafts, rotatably mounted on the mounting plate and passing through the clearance hole, wherein at least two support shafts are provided; and

[0026] Each of the support shafts has a pressure block on the side facing the drill bit position. The mounting plate drives the support shaft and the pressure block to move. The support shaft drives the pressure block to move so that the pressure block can be hidden or exposed in the clearance hole. The pressure block can cooperate with the base plate to lock the circuit board.

[0027] In one embodiment, the drill bit assembly further includes:

[0028] The material transfer unit includes a plurality of spaced conveying rollers, which are rotatably mounted on the frame. The support plate is provided between at least two adjacent conveying rollers near the drill bit position. The upper end of the support plate is on the same plane as the base plate. The material transfer unit can be raised and lowered relative to the support plate.

[0029] At the drill bit position, one end of the circuit board near the discharge unit is mounted on the base plate, and the other end of the circuit board is mounted on the support plate.

[0030] In one embodiment, the drill bit assembly includes a detachably connected drive body and a drill bit, and the drill bit machine further includes:

[0031] A storage plate is disposed above one end of the discharge unit near the drill bit position. The storage plate is spaced apart from and parallel to the discharge unit to form a channel. The storage plate has a storage position and a temporary storage position. The storage position stores a plurality of the drill bits, and the temporary storage position is used to temporarily store the drill bits.

[0032] A detection element is provided on the storage plate, with a detection groove on the side facing away from the storage plate. The detection groove is equipped with a detection light source, which penetrates two opposing groove walls.

[0033] A transport component is movably disposed on the outside of the drive body, and the transport component is capable of moving the drill bit between the storage position and the temporary storage position.

[0034] In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a protection component, the protection component comprising:

[0035] A first protective strip and a second protective strip are arranged parallel to the drill bit position to cover both sides of the circuit board. The drill bit can pass through the second protective strip and the circuit board in sequence.

[0036] The first unwinding reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and located at one end of the drill bit position, and one end of the first protective belt is located on the first unwinding reel;

[0037] The first take-up reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and located at the other end of the drill bit position, and the other end of the first protective strip is wound up to the first unwind reel.

[0038] A second unwinding reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and positioned above the first unwinding reel. One end of the second protective belt is attached to the second unwinding reel. The second unwinding reel is movable relative to the frame in a direction closer to or further away from the first unwinding reel.

[0039] The second take-up reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and located above the first take-up reel. One end of the second protective belt is located on the second take-up reel. The second unwind reel can move relative to the frame toward or away from the first take-up reel.

[0040] The second unwinding reel and the second rewinding reel move synchronously to adjust the spacing between the first protective belt and the second protective belt.

[0041] In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes:

[0042] The deburring assembly is provided with a slot in the discharge unit and is positioned opposite to the slot. The deburring assembly is used to deburr the circuit board that has been drilled by the drill bit assembly.

[0043] The technical solution of this invention involves setting up a frame, a transmission component, a code reading component, and a code drilling component in a code drilling machine. The frame is provided with code reading positions and code drilling positions at intervals. The transmission component is movably mounted on the frame and includes a feeding unit, a conveying unit, and a discharging unit arranged sequentially at intervals along the transmission direction. The code reading position is located between the feeding unit and the conveying unit, and the code drilling position is located between the conveying unit and the discharging unit. The code reading component includes an X-ray emitter and a receiver movably mounted on the frame. The X-ray emitter is located on one side of the code reading position and its emission direction is towards the code reading position. The receiver is located on the other side of the code reading position. The code reading component is used to read the traceability code inside the circuit board. The code drilling component is movably mounted on the frame and is opposite to the code drilling position. Compared to existing drilling machines where the reading component is located on one side of the transmission path, the present invention places the reading position at the gap between the feeding unit and the conveying unit, placing the reading position within the transmission path of the transmission component. This allows the circuit board to directly reach the reading position by moving along the transmission direction of the transmission component. Furthermore, the X-ray emitter and receiver of the reading component are located on both sides of the reading position, enabling the X-rays emitted by the X-ray emitter to penetrate the circuit board and directly reach the reading position. This ensures effective reading while making efficient use of space. Consequently, the overall structure becomes more compact, thereby improving ease of operation and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the drill bit machine provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate;

[0049] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the transport component;

[0050] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the fixed component;

[0051] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the support plate;

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the storage board provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the deburring assembly;

[0054] Figure 10 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the deburring component.

[0055] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0056] 00. Housing;

[0057] 110. Feeding unit; 111. Mounting side plate; 120. Material transfer unit; 130. Discharge unit;

[0058] 210, X-ray emitter; 220, receiver; 230, protective housing; 240, first drive unit;

[0059] 310. Drill bit assembly; 321. Storage plate; 322. Inspection piece; 3221. Inspection slot; 3222. Baffle plate; 323. Temporary storage location; 324. Storage location;

[0060] 411. First positioning plate; 412. Second drive unit; 413. Second mounting bracket; 414. Extension plate; 421. Second positioning plate; 422. Extension; 423. Drive belt; 424. Drive plate; 425. Guide shaft; 426. Limiting bushing; 430. Handling assembly; 431. First mounting bracket; 432. Suction cup main frame; 433. Connecting frame; 434. First linear module; 435. Second linear module;

[0061] 510. First transmitting unit; 520. Reflective photoelectric sensor;

[0062] 610. Support plate; 620. Third mounting bracket;

[0063] 700. Fixing component; 711. Clearance hole; 712. Contact plate; 713. Fixing plate; 714. Roller; 721. Lifting plate; 722. Translation plate; 731. Support shaft; 732. Fourth power component; 740. Pressure block; 741. Inclined surface; 750. Fifth power component; 760. Fifth linear module;

[0064] 810. First unwind reel; 820. Second unwind reel; 830. Second take-up reel; 840. Fourth mounting bracket; 850. Eighth power unit;

[0065] 900. Deburring assembly; 911. First negative pressure dust collection hood; 912. Dry ice nozzle; 913. Fourth drive unit; 921. Second negative pressure dust collection hood; 922. Brush disc; 923. Fifth drive unit.

[0066] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0069] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0070] In the production and processing of circuit boards, drilling and marking is a crucial step for subsequent testing, repair, and traceability. Traceability codes are typically pre-formed on the inner layers of the circuit board, but these codes can generally only be read through specific equipment. Therefore, drilling and marking is necessary to create an exposed array of holes on the circuit board's surface that uniquely corresponds to the internal traceability code. This allows the traceability code to be converted into an external mark that can be directly read by the naked eye or a regular barcode reader, facilitating its reading.

[0071] Existing drilling and coding machines typically have a separate code-reading component on one side of the transmission path to read the traceability codes on the inner layer of the circuit board before drilling and coding. However, this method results in a less compact overall structure for the drilling and coding machine, and during the code-reading operation, the circuit board needs to be detached from or offset from its original transmission path to move to a specific position, making the movement path of the circuit board rather cumbersome.

[0072] This invention proposes a drilling code machine to improve the compactness of the overall structure, thereby improving the ease of operation and reliability.

[0073] Please see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, the code-printing machine includes a frame, a transmission component, a code-reading component, and a code-printing component 310. The frame is provided with code-reading positions and code-printing positions at intervals. The transmission component is movably mounted on the frame and includes a feeding unit 110, a conveying unit 120, and a discharging unit 130 arranged sequentially at intervals along the transmission direction. The code-reading position is located between the feeding unit 110 and the conveying unit 120, and the code-printing position is located between the conveying unit 120 and the discharging unit 130. The code-reading component includes an X-ray emitter 210 and a receiver 220 movably mounted on the frame. The X-ray emitter 210 is located on one side of the code-reading position and its emission direction is towards the code-reading position. The receiver 220 is located on the other side of the code-reading position. The code-reading component is used to read the traceability code inside the circuit board. The code-printing component 310 is movably mounted on the frame and is opposite to the code-printing position.

[0074] The drilling and coding machine is used to drill and code circuit boards. The inner layer of the circuit board has a traceability code, typically located near the end of the board. The traceability code is mainly made of materials such as copper, metallic ink, or carbon, while the other parts of the circuit board are mainly composed of materials such as resin and fiberglass. Because materials such as copper, metallic ink, or carbon have a high absorption rate for X-rays, while materials such as resin and fiberglass have a low absorption rate, the traceability code is primarily identified through X-ray imaging.

[0075] The frame provides a mounting base and support for the code-cutting machine. In one embodiment, the frame is configured as a frame structure to facilitate the arrangement of various structures on the frame and achieve rational space utilization. The frame has spaced and parallel reading and drilling positions to ensure that the code reading and drilling of the circuit board by the code-cutting machine are on the same path. In one embodiment, the frame has a housing 00 surrounding its outer perimeter to provide external protection for the structures on the frame. The height of the frame is along the z-axis, the length is along the y-axis, and the width is along the x-axis.

[0076] A transmission assembly is used to transport circuit boards. In one embodiment, the transmission assembly transports the circuit boards along the y-axis; that is, the feeding unit 110, the transfer unit 120, and the discharge unit 130 are spaced apart along the y-axis. Each of the feeding unit 110, the transfer unit 120, and the discharge unit 130 includes a mounting side plate 111 and a conveyor. The mounting side plate 111 is mounted on the frame and located on both sides of the conveyor. The conveyor can rotate relative to the mounting side plate 111 to move the circuit board along the y-axis. The gap between the feeding unit 110 and the transfer unit 120 corresponds to the code reading position, and the gap between the transfer unit 120 and the discharge unit 130 corresponds to the code drilling position; that is, both the code reading position and the code drilling position are located on the transmission path of the transmission assembly.

[0077] The code reading assembly is used to read the traceability code inside the circuit board. In one embodiment, the X-ray emitter 210 is located above the code reading position, and the receiver 220 is located below the code reading position; that is, the X-ray emitter 210, the code reading position, and the receiver 220 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the z-axis to avoid structural interference. In one embodiment, the code reading assembly also includes a protective shell 230, which is disposed on the emitting surface of the X-ray emitter 210. The protective shell 230 has through holes corresponding to the emission points of the X-ray emitter 210 to allow X-rays to pass through. The protective shell 230 is configured as a lead plate, which has a good shielding effect against X-rays and can limit the irradiation range of X-rays to prevent X-rays from affecting other structures.

[0078] The X-ray emitter 210 generates X-rays that penetrate the circuit board, and the receiver 220 receives the transmission image formed by the X-rays penetrating the circuit board. Because the traceability code on the circuit board has a different absorption rate of X-rays than the surrounding area, the transmission image received by the receiver 220 will show a pattern with obvious contrast in shades, with the darker pattern corresponding to the traceability code.

[0079] The drilling component 310 is used to drill and code the circuit board. In one embodiment, the drilling component 310 is located above the drilling position. The drilling component 310 can move along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis and can rotate about the z-axis to facilitate drilling and coding the circuit board. In one embodiment, the drilling machine also includes a control system. The control system is electrically connected to the receiver 220, the x-ray emitter 210, and the drilling component 310. The receiver 220 transmits the pattern of the traceability code to the control system. The control system controls the action of the drilling component 310 according to the pattern of the traceability code, so that the drilling component 310 drills an exposed array of holes that uniquely corresponds to the traceability code. The control system may include a processing unit and a controller. The function of the control system is mainly implemented through logic algorithms, which are not limited here.

[0080] The technical solution of the present invention involves setting up a frame, a transmission component, a code reading component, and a code drilling component 310 in a code drilling machine. The frame is provided with code reading positions and code drilling positions at intervals. The transmission component is movably mounted on the frame and includes a feeding unit 110, a conveying unit 120, and a discharging unit 130 arranged sequentially at intervals along the transmission direction. The code reading position is located between the feeding unit 110 and the conveying unit 120, and the code drilling position is located between the conveying unit 120 and the discharging unit 130. The code reading component includes an X-ray emitter 210 and a receiver 220 movably mounted on the frame. The X-ray emitter 210 is located on one side of the code reading position and its emission direction is towards the code reading position. The receiver 220 is located on the other side of the code reading position. The code reading component is used to read the traceability code inside the circuit board. The code drilling component 310 is movably mounted on the frame and is opposite to the code drilling position. Compared to existing drilling machines that place the code reading component on one side of the transmission path, the technical solution of this invention sets the code reading position at the gap between the feeding unit 110 and the conveying unit 120, so that the code reading position is located in the transmission path of the transmission component. This allows the circuit board to directly reach the code reading position by moving along the transmission direction of the transmission component. Furthermore, the X-ray emitter 210 and receiver 220 of the code reading component are located on both sides of the code reading position, so that the X-ray emitted by the X-ray emitter 210 can directly reach the code reading position after penetrating the circuit board. This ensures code reading while making reasonable use of space. In this way, the overall structure is more compact, thereby improving the ease of operation and reliability.

[0081] Please see Figures 3 to 5In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a first positioning plate 411, a second positioning plate 421, and a conveying assembly 430. The first positioning plate 411 is disposed between the feeding unit 110 and the conveying unit 120 and is spaced apart from the feeding unit 110. The first positioning plate 411 and the feeding unit 110 are respectively located at both ends of the code reading position. The first positioning plate 411 is used to abut against the end of the circuit board facing the discharging unit 130. The second positioning plate 421 is movably disposed above the feeding unit 110. Two second positioning plates 421 are spaced apart and disposed perpendicular to the first positioning plate 411. The two second positioning plates 421 can move closer to or further away from each other to clamp or release the circuit board. The conveying assembly 430 is movably disposed on the frame and located above the conveying assembly. The conveying assembly 430 is used to move the circuit board after it has been read by the code reading assembly to the drilling position.

[0082] In one embodiment, the first positioning plate 411 extends along the x-axis and is higher than the feeding unit 110 on the z-axis to ensure that the first positioning plate 411 can abut against the circuit board. Since the circuit board is typically rectangular, the side of the first positioning plate 411 facing the feeding unit 110 is a smooth vertical surface to ensure that the first positioning plate 411 abuts against one end of the circuit board. The distance between the first positioning plate 411 and the feeding unit 110 is less than the size of the circuit board but greater than the size of the traceability code, so that when the circuit board reaches the reading position, the end of the circuit board with the traceability code is completely aligned with the gap between the first positioning plate 411 and the feeding unit 110, and the other end of the circuit board is mounted on the feeding unit 110.

[0083] In one embodiment, two second positioning plates 421 are disposed close to the feeding unit 110 and are movable relative to the feeding unit 110 on the x-axis, while the two second positioning plates 421 extend along the y-axis. Since the circuit board is typically rectangular, the sides of the two second positioning plates 421 that are close to each other are smooth vertical surfaces to ensure that the two second positioning plates 421 can smoothly abut against the opposite ends of the circuit board. Specifically, in one embodiment, the conveying component of the feeding unit 110 is a plurality of conveying rollers, which are arranged parallel to each other along the y-axis and rotatably mounted on the mounting side plate 111. Each second positioning plate 421 is perpendicular to the conveying rollers, and each second positioning plate 421 has a plurality of extensions 422 on the side facing the feeding unit 110, which are toothed. The extensions 422 extend movably between two adjacent conveying rollers to ensure that when the two second positioning plates 421 are close to each other, they can clamp the circuit board placed on the feeding unit 110, thereby ensuring the function of the second positioning plates 421.

[0084] In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a translation drive structure located below the conveyor rollers. The translation drive structure drives two second positioning plates 421 to move along the x-axis to move closer to or further away from each other. The translation drive structure includes a first power component, a transmission belt 423, two guide shafts 425, and two drive plates 424. The two ends of the transmission belt are rotatably connected to the mounting side plate 111 in the x-axis direction. The first power component is located on the mounting side plate 111 and is driven by the transmission belt 423. The two ends of the guide shafts 425 are respectively fixed to one mounting side plate 111. The two drive plates 424 are arranged parallel to the two second positioning plates 421. Each second positioning plate 421 is connected to one drive plate 424. The two ends of the second positioning plates 421 are respectively connected to the drive plates 424 via connecting rods that pass through the gap between adjacent conveyor rollers. The transmission belt 423 has two drive sections parallel to the x-axis. Each drive section is fixedly connected to a drive plate 424. Both drive sections and guide shafts 425 are arranged parallel to the conveyor rollers. The two guide shafts 425 movably pass through both ends of the two drive plates 424. When the first power member drives the transmission belt 423 to move relative to the feeding unit 110, the two drive sections move in opposite directions, causing the two drive plates 424 to move in opposite directions along the guide shafts 425, thereby causing the two second positioning plates 421 to move closer or further apart. The first power member can be configured as a motor or cylinder, etc., and is not limited here.

[0085] Furthermore, in one embodiment, each drive plate 424 has a guide hole at both ends, and a limiting sleeve 426 is fixed in each guide hole. The limiting sleeve 426 is movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide shaft 425. The ends of the limiting sleeves 426 sleeved on the same guide shaft 425 that are close to each other can abut against each other to limit the minimum distance between the two drive plates 424, thereby limiting the minimum distance between the two second positioning plates 421. In this way, by setting up a translation drive structure, the two second positioning plates 421 can be moved closer or further apart; and the translation drive structure is located below the feeding unit 110, further realizing a compact arrangement of the structure.

[0086] In one embodiment, the conveying assembly 430 includes a first mounting frame 431, a suction cup frame, a first linear module 434, a second linear module 435, and a third linear module (not shown). The first mounting frame 431 is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the feeding unit 110 on the z-axis, and the suction cup frame is movably disposed on the side of the first mounting frame 431 facing the feeding unit 110. Two first linear modules 434 are disposed on the frame and are spaced apart on the x-axis. Each first linear module 434 is provided with a first second linear module 435, and each end of the first mounting frame 431 is respectively disposed on a second linear module 435. The third linear module is disposed on the first mounting frame 431 and is drivenly connected to the suction cup frame. The third linear module is used to drive the suction cup holder to move relative to the first mounting bracket 431 along the x-axis. The second linear module 435 is used to drive the first mounting bracket 431, the suction cup holder, and the third linear module to move synchronously up and down along the z-axis. The first linear module 434 is used to drive the first mounting bracket 431, the suction cup holder, the third linear module, and the second linear module 435 to translate synchronously along the y-axis. In one embodiment, the first linear module 434 and the second linear module 435 are configured with a linear guide slider structure, and the third linear module is configured with a ball screw structure. Of course, in other embodiments, all three linear modules may also be configured with a linear guide slider structure or a ball screw structure, etc., and there is no limitation here.

[0087] In one embodiment, the suction cup frame includes a suction cup main frame 432 and a connecting frame 433. The connecting frame 433 is slidably mounted on the first mounting frame 431 and drivenly connected to the third linear module. The suction cup main frame 432 is rotatably mounted on the side of the connecting frame 433 facing the feeding unit 110. Specifically, in one embodiment, a second power member is provided on the side of the connecting frame 433 facing the feeding unit 110. The output shaft of the second power member is connected to the suction cup main frame 432, and the second power member is used to drive the suction cup main frame 432 to rotate relative to the connecting frame 433 around the z-axis. The second power member can drive the suction cup body to rotate 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, or 360 degrees around the z-axis. The second power member can be configured as a motor or cylinder, etc., without limitation.

[0088] Generally, when a circuit board enters the feeding unit 110, it is placed manually or by a robotic arm, with the end of the circuit board bearing the traceability code closer to the transfer unit 120. This allows the reading component to directly read the traceability code when the feeding unit 110 moves the circuit board to the code-reading position. However, in unforeseen circumstances, if the position of the end of the circuit board bearing the traceability code cannot be guaranteed when placing it in the feeding unit 110, the conveying component 430 can be used to pick up the circuit board and rotate it 90, 180, or 270 degrees around the z-axis. This rotates the end of the circuit board bearing the traceability code to be opposite the code-reading position, allowing the reading component to read the traceability code.

[0089] In the initial state, before the feeding unit 110 starts operating, the two second positioning plates 421 are positioned far apart from each other. When the circuit board needs to be read, the feeding unit 110 starts operating, and the rotation of the conveyor rollers of the feeding unit 110 drives the circuit board to move along the y-axis until the circuit board reaches the reading position. The end of the circuit board near the conveyor unit 120 abuts against the first positioning plate 411; the two second positioning plates 421 move closer together to clamp the circuit board. Since the surfaces of the second positioning plates 421 and the circuit board that abut against each other, as well as the surfaces of the first positioning plates 411 and the circuit board, are both vertical surfaces, the circuit board is aligned by abutting against the three adjacent ends of the circuit board. After alignment, the reading component reads the code on the circuit board; after reading, the transport component 430 picks up the circuit board and moves it to the code reading position.

[0090] The technical solution of this invention, by setting a first positioning plate 411, can abut against the circuit board to restrict the movement of the circuit board, thereby preventing the circuit board from sliding out of the reading position due to inertia; by setting two second positioning plates 421, the two second positioning plates 421 can approach each other to align the circuit board, and the cooperation of the first positioning plate 411 and the second positioning plate 421 can prevent the circuit board from shifting relative to the reading position, further improving the reliability of reading; by setting a conveying component 430, the circuit board can be moved quickly from the reading position to the drilling position, ensuring the continuity of each process and improving the ease of operation and reliability of the drilling machine.

[0091] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the code-reading machine further includes a first drive unit 240 and a second drive unit 412. The first drive unit 240 is disposed on the frame and drivenly connected to the code-reading component, and is used to drive the code-reading component to move along the extension direction of the first positioning plate 411. The second drive unit 412 is disposed on the frame and drivenly connected to the first positioning plate 411, and is used to drive the first positioning plate 411 to move in a direction close to or away from the feeding unit 110. The moving direction of the code-reading component is perpendicular to the direction of the first positioning plate 411. The first drive unit 240 and the second drive unit 412 cooperate to make the code-reading component align with the traceability code inside the circuit board.

[0092] In one embodiment, the first driving unit 240 includes two fourth linear modules, which are respectively driven and connected to the x-ray emitter 210 and the receiver 220. Both fourth linear modules are arranged parallel to the x-axis to drive the x-ray emitter 210 and the receiver 220 to move synchronously along the x-axis. The fourth linear modules can be configured as linear guide sliders or ball screws, etc., and are not limited thereto.

[0093] In one embodiment, a second mounting bracket 413 is provided at one end of the feeding unit 110 near the transfer unit 120. Both ends of the second mounting bracket 413 are connected to two mounting side plates 111 via extension plates 414. A first positioning plate 411 is located on the side of the second mounting bracket 413 facing the feeding unit 110. The second drive unit 412 includes two third power components, which are located on the second mounting bracket 413 and have their output shafts connected to both ends of the first positioning plate 411 to drive the first positioning plate 411 to move along the y-axis to approach or move away from the feeding unit 110. The third power components can be configured as motors or cylinders, etc., and are not limited here. In one embodiment, both ends of the first positioning plate 411 are also connected to the second mounting bracket 413 via telescopic rods. The telescopic rods can extend and retract along the y-axis to ensure that the first positioning plate 411 can move relative to the second mounting bracket 413 while providing support for the first positioning plate 411.

[0094] The technical solution of this invention, by setting a first driving unit 240 and a second driving unit 412, enables the code reading component to move along the x-axis and the first positioning plate 411 to move along the y-axis to push against the circuit board, thereby ensuring that the traceability code on the circuit board is located directly below the x-ray emitter 210 and directly above the receiver 220, so that the code reading component can accurately read the traceability code and improve the reliability of code reading.

[0095] Please see Figure 4 In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a first positioning detection element, which is disposed on the side of the drilling position and located between the first positioning plate 411 and the feeding unit 110. The positioning detection element is used to detect whether the circuit board has reached the drilling position. The first positioning detection element includes a first transmitting part 510 and a first receiving part, which are respectively located on opposite sides of the drilling position. The line connecting the first transmitting part 510 and the first receiving part intersects the plane where the drilling position is located.

[0096] In one embodiment, the first positioning detection element is configured as a through-beam photoelectric sensor. The through-beam fiber optic sensor has a first transmitter 510 and a first receiver, which are respectively disposed on an extension plate 414. The first transmitter 510 is located above the reading position, and the first receiver is located below the reading position, such that the line connecting the first transmitter 510 and the first receiver intersects the plane where the reading position is located. Each functional structure is electrically connected to the control system. In one embodiment, the line connecting the first transmitter 510 and the first receiver is tilted by 15 to 30 degrees relative to the reading position to avoid inaccurate detection due to an excessively small tilt angle, while also avoiding structural dispersion due to an excessively large tilt angle.

[0097] When the circuit board has not reached the reading position, the first receiving unit can receive the light emitted by the first transmitting unit 510. However, when the circuit board reaches the reading position, due to the obstruction of the circuit board, the first receiving unit cannot receive the light emitted by the first transmitting unit 510, thereby causing the output level of the first receiving unit to flip. The control system can detect the change in the output level of the first receiving unit to realize the arrival detection of the circuit board. When the arrival of the circuit board is detected, the control system controls the feeding unit 110 to stop operating, and at the same time, the first positioning plate 411, the second positioning plate 421, and the reading component operate.

[0098] The technical solution of this invention, by setting a first positioning detection element, can detect whether the circuit board has reached the drill bit position; and the line connecting the first transmitting part 510 and the first receiving part intersects with the plane where the drill bit position is located, which can further improve the reliability and accuracy of positioning detection.

[0099] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 6 In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a fixing component 700, which is disposed at the drilling position and is used to restrict the circuit board at the drilling position.

[0100] Specifically, in one embodiment, the fixing assembly 700 includes a base plate, a mounting plate, a support shaft 731, and a pressure block 740. The base plate is disposed on the frame and located at the drill bit position, and the base plate has a clearance hole 711. The mounting plate is movably disposed on the frame and located below the base plate, and the mounting plate can move towards or away from the drill bit position. The support shaft 731 is rotatably disposed on the mounting plate and passes through the clearance hole 711, and there are at least two support shafts 731. Each support shaft 731 has a pressure block 740 on the side facing the drill bit position. The mounting plate drives the support shaft 731 and the pressure block 740 to move, and the support shaft 731 drives the pressure block 740 to move, so that the pressure block 740 can be hidden or exposed in the clearance hole 711, and the pressure block 740 can cooperate with the base plate to lock the circuit board.

[0101] In one embodiment, the extension direction of the clearance hole 711 is parallel to the x-axis, and all the support shafts 731 are arranged at parallel intervals along the x-axis. A plurality of fourth power members 732 are provided on the side of the mounting plate facing the base plate. All the fourth power members 732 are located below the base plate and arranged at parallel intervals along the x-axis. Each fourth power member 732 is drivenly connected to a support shaft 731, and the fourth power member 732 is used to drive the support shaft 731 to rotate around the z-axis. Specifically, the support shaft 731 extends along the z-axis, one end of the support shaft 731 is located on the output shaft of the fourth power member 732, and the other end of the support shaft 731 is fixed with a pressure block 740. In one embodiment, a fifth power member 750 is fixed on the side of the base plate facing the mounting plate. The output shaft of the fifth power member 750 is connected to the mounting plate and is used to drive the mounting plate to move the support shaft 731 up and down along the z-axis. In one embodiment, the mounting plate includes a lifting plate 721 and a sliding plate 722 arranged in parallel. The lifting plate 721 is connected to a fifth power component 750, and a fourth power component 732 is disposed on the sliding plate 722. The lifting plate 721 is provided with a fifth linear module 760, and the sliding plate 722 is disposed on the fifth linear module 760. The fifth linear module 760 is used to drive the sliding plate 722 to move the support shaft 731 along the x-axis. The fourth power component 732 and the fifth power component 750 can be configured as motors or cylinders, etc., and the fifth linear module 760 can be configured as a linear guide slider structure or a ball screw structure, etc., without limitation.

[0102] In one embodiment, the pressure block 740 has a connecting end and a pressing end. The connecting end is fixed to the support shaft 731, and the pressing end is used to cooperate with the base plate to lock the circuit board. The pressure block 740 has a bevel 741 on the side facing the drill bit assembly 310. The bevel 741 is located at the pressing end and is inclined towards the mounting plate in a direction away from the support shaft 731, so that the dimension of the connecting end in the z-axis is larger than the dimension of the pressing end in the z-axis, thereby reducing the weight of the pressing end, reducing the bending of the pressure block 740 caused by torque imbalance, and improving the reliability of use.

[0103] In one embodiment, the base plate has only one clearance hole 711, the extension direction of which is parallel to the x-axis. All support shafts 731 can pass through this clearance hole 711, and the dimension of the clearance hole 711 on the y-axis is larger than the width of the pressure block 740, to ensure that the pressure block 740 can be hidden within the clearance hole 711. In another embodiment, the base plate has multiple clearance holes 711 spaced apart along the x-axis, each support shaft 731 passing through one clearance hole 711. The dimension of each clearance hole 711 on the x-axis is larger than the length of the pressure block 740, to further ensure that the pressure block 740 can be hidden within the clearance hole 711 one by one.

[0104] In one embodiment, the base plate includes a fixing plate 713 and a contact plate 712. Both the fixing plate 713 and the contact plate 712 are provided with clearance holes 711. The contact plate 712 is detachably mounted above the fixing plate 713. One side of the fixing plate 713 is connected to the discharge unit 130, and the other end of the fixing plate 713 is connected to the transfer unit 120. The dimensions of both the fixing plate 713 and the contact plate 712 on the y-axis are smaller than the dimensions of the circuit board, so that when the circuit board is mounted on the contact plate 712, other parts of the circuit board are also mounted on the transfer unit 120 or the discharge unit 130, thereby ensuring that the transfer unit 120 or the discharge unit 130 can drive the circuit board to move relative to the contact plate 712. Further, in one embodiment, there are multiple contact plates 712, each contact plate 712 is provided with a clearance hole 711 that corresponds one-to-one with the clearance hole 711 on the fixing plate 713. All contact plates 712 are arranged along the x-axis and are detachably connected to the fixing plate 713. In one embodiment, the contact plate 712 is configured as a bakelite board to give the contact plate 712 better compressive and bending resistance, thereby reducing the impact during the drilling process.

[0105] In the initial state, the pressure block 740 is hidden within the clearance hole 711, and its length direction is parallel to the z-axis. When the conveying assembly 430 places the circuit board on the contact plate 712, the fifth power unit 750 drives the support shaft 731 to raise the pressure block 740 along the z-axis, exposing it in the clearance hole 711. Then, the fourth power unit 732 drives the support shaft 731 to rotate around the z-axis, making the length direction of the pressure block 740 parallel to the y-axis. The fifth power unit 750 then drives the pressure block 740 to descend along the z-axis again, so that the pressure block 740 engages with the contact plate 712 to press against the circuit board, thus restricting its movement. During this process, the linear module can drive the translation plate 722 to move the support shaft 731, ensuring that the pressure block 740 accurately presses against the circuit board. After the drilling is completed, the fifth power unit 750 drives the pressure block 740 to rise and then fall along the z-axis. At the same time, the fourth power unit 732 drives the support shaft 731 to rotate around the z-axis so that the length direction of the pressure block 740 is parallel to the x-axis, so that the pressure block 740 is hidden in the clearance hole 711, thereby ensuring that the circuit board can move directly to the discharge unit 130.

[0106] In one embodiment, a second positioning detection element is provided on the base plate. This second detection element is used to detect whether the circuit board has reached the drill bit position. In one embodiment, the second positioning detection element is configured as a reflective photoelectric sensor 520. The reflective sensor is located at at least one end of the base plate. When the reflective sensor can receive reflected light, it indicates that the circuit board has reached the drill bit position. Furthermore, the emitted light from the reflective sensor is tilted at an angle of 15 to 20 degrees relative to the base plate to avoid a small tilt angle affecting detection accuracy, while also avoiding an excessively large tilt angle causing interference with the drill bit assembly 310 or other structures.

[0107] In another embodiment, a sensing optical fiber (not shown) is laid within the contact plate 712. The sensing optical fiber is configured as a grating structure and is capable of generating a certain amount of elastic deformation. Specifically, the contact plate 712 has multiple intersecting V-grooves (not shown), all of which form a mesh structure. The sensing optical fiber is embedded in the V-grooves and slightly protrudes from them. The protrusion height of the sensing optical fiber relative to the V-grooves is greater than or equal to 0.03 mm and less than or equal to 0.05 mm to avoid excessive protrusion causing elastic fatigue of the sensing optical fiber. The sensing optical fiber can be a 0.25 mm PMMA step type with an NA of 0.5 or higher to ensure its sensing sensitivity. The groove spacing of the V-grooves can be set to 2 mm to ensure positioning accuracy, or it can be set to 5 mm for ease of manufacturing; no limitation is made here. Further, in one embodiment, a protective film is covered at the groove opening to protect the sensing optical fiber. When the circuit board is placed on the contact plate 712, the circuit board will press down on the sensing optical fiber, causing the light signal at a certain position of the sensing optical fiber to change. This achieves both positioning detection and circuit board position detection, so that the control system can align the drill bit assembly 310 with the traceability code position of the circuit board.

[0108] The technical solution of this invention, by setting a fixing component 700, can limit the circuit board and prevent the circuit board from moving during the drilling process; the fixing component 700 includes a base plate with a clearance hole 711, so that the pressure block 740 can be hidden in the clearance hole 711, so as to avoid obstructing the movement of the circuit board to the discharge unit 130 and improve the reliability of use.

[0109] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 7 In one embodiment, the drill bit assembly 310 further includes a support plate 610, and the material transfer unit 120 includes a plurality of spaced conveyor rollers rotatably mounted on the frame. The support plate 610 is provided between at least two adjacent conveyor rollers near the drill bit position. The upper end of the support plate 610 is located on the same plane as the base plate. The material transfer unit 120 can be raised and lowered relative to the support plate 610. At the drill bit position, one end of the circuit board near the discharge unit 130 is mounted on the base plate, and the other end of the circuit board is mounted on the support plate 610.

[0110] The arrangement of the conveyor rollers in the material transfer unit 120 is the same as that in the feeding unit 110, and will not be described again here. In one embodiment, each support plate 610 extends along the x-axis and is located at the gap between two adjacent conveyor rollers of the material transfer unit 120. All support plates 610 are arranged parallel to each other along the y-axis. Specifically, a third mounting bracket 620 is provided on the frame and is located at the bottom of the material transfer unit 120. All support plates 610 are located on the third mounting bracket 620. A sixth power component is also provided on the frame. The sixth power component is drivenly connected to the mounting side plate 111 of the material transfer unit 120 and is used to drive the entire material transfer unit 120 to rise or fall along the z-axis so that the material transfer unit 120 is higher or lower than the upper end of the support plate 610. The sixth power component can be configured as a motor or cylinder, etc., and is not limited here.

[0111] Further, in one embodiment, the upper end of the support plate 610 is provided with an adsorption hole for adsorbing the circuit board, thereby further locking the circuit board in the drill bit position. In another embodiment, the upper end of each support plate 610 is provided with two limiting blocks, which are arranged parallel to each other in the x-axis direction. The distance between the two limiting blocks is adapted to the size of the circuit board to restrict the placement position of the circuit board. Further, the two limiting blocks are inclined to the side facing each other, that is, the distance between the two limiting blocks gradually decreases along the z-axis in the direction close to the support plate 610, so as to guide the circuit board to be placed between the two limiting blocks. In yet another embodiment, the support plate 610 is provided with both adsorption holes and limiting blocks to further limit the circuit board.

[0112] In one embodiment, a roller 714 is rotatably mounted on the base plate. The roller 714 is positioned close to the discharge unit 130 and is flush with it. Specifically, the contact plate 712 has a groove, and the roller 714 is rotatably positioned within the groove, allowing it to rotate around the x-axis. In another embodiment, the middle portions of two adjacent contact plates 712 on their opposite sides are joined, with gaps at both ends forming grooves.

[0113] When the circuit board reaches the drilling position, the material transfer unit 120 is lower than or flush with the support plate 610. The end of the circuit board with the traceability code is mounted on the contact plate 712, and the other end of the circuit board is mounted on the support plate 610. The control fixing component 700 cooperates with the contact plate 712 to press the circuit board. After the circuit board is drilled, the pressure block 740 is hidden in the clearance hole 711. The control material transfer unit 120 is raised and starts to run, so that the conveyor roller lifts the circuit board and drives the circuit board to move relative to the contact plate 712 along the y-axis until the circuit board completely leaves the material transfer unit 120 and moves to the discharge unit 130. During this process, the roller 714 can guide the circuit board into the discharge unit 130 to realize the smooth transition of the circuit board from the contact plate 712 to the discharge unit 130.

[0114] In the technical solution of this invention embodiment, by setting a support plate 610 and making the material transfer unit 120 liftable, the support plate 610 can provide support for the circuit board, and the material transfer unit 120 can smoothly move the circuit board to the discharge unit 130, avoiding the need to control the handling component 430 to transport the circuit board to the discharge unit 130, reducing the movement of the handling component 430. Through reasonable arrangement of the structure, reliable and convenient operation of the drilling machine is achieved.

[0115] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 8 In one embodiment, the drill bit assembly 310 includes a detachably connected drive body and a drill bit. The drill bit machine also includes a storage plate 321, a detection component 322, and a transport component. The storage plate 321 is located above the end of the discharge unit 130 near the drill bit position. The storage plate 321 and the discharge unit 130 are spaced apart and arranged parallel to each other to form a channel. The storage plate 321 has a storage position 324 and a temporary storage position 323. The storage position 324 stores a plurality of drill bits, and the temporary storage position 323 is used to temporarily store the drill bits. The detection component 322 is located on the storage plate 321 and has a detection groove 3221 on the side opposite to the storage plate 321. The detection groove 3221 is provided with a detection light source, which penetrates the two opposite groove walls of the detection groove 3221. The transport component is movably located outside the drive body and can move the drill bit between the storage position 324 and the temporary storage position 323.

[0116] In one embodiment, the drive body includes a third drive unit, a spindle clamp, and a sleeve. The spindle clamp is rotatably disposed within the sleeve, with its clamping portion exposed outside the sleeve and capable of clamping or releasing the drill bit. The spindle clamp and the drill bit are coaxially arranged. The third drive structure is disposed on the frame and drivenly connected to the spindle clamp. The third drive unit includes three linear modules and a rotary drive structure. The rotary drive structure drives the spindle clamp to rotate relative to the sleeve around the z-axis. The three linear modules drive the sleeve to move the spindle clamp along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, respectively. In one embodiment, a dust suction hood is also provided at one end of the sleeve, arranged around the axis of the spindle clamp to facilitate the collection of debris generated during drill bit operation.

[0117] In one embodiment, a lubricating sleeve (not shown) is provided between the spindle clamp and the sleeve body to lubricate the rotation of the spindle clamp during its rotation relative to the sleeve body, thereby ensuring the sensitivity of the drill bit rotation. The lubricating sleeve can be made of graphite or polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., and is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, the lubricating sleeve is configured with a mesh structure, and the mesh can store lubricating fluid to further ensure the lubrication effect. Specifically, the sleeve body has a through hole (not shown) located above the lubricating sleeve and partially overlapping it. A straight oil cup is detachably installed at the through hole to facilitate the replenishment of lubricating oil to the lubricating sleeve. The straight oil cup can be detachably connected to the sleeve body by means of snap-fit ​​or screw connection, etc., and is not limited thereto. Further, the through hole is configured as a tapered hole, with the tip of the tapered hole facing the lubricating sleeve. The tapered hole is inclined relative to the spindle clamp, such that on the z-axis, the tip of the tapered hole is lower than the tail end of the tapered hole.

[0118] In one embodiment, the storage plate 321 extends along the x-axis and is parallel and spaced apart from the discharge unit 130, so that the circuit board enters the discharge unit 130 from the channel between the storage plate 321 and the discharge unit 130. The storage plate 321 has at least one storage position 324 and two temporary storage positions 323 on the side opposite to the discharge unit 130. The two temporary storage positions 323 are used to temporarily store new drill bits and old drill bits, respectively. The storage position 324 is used to store multiple new drill bits and recycled old drill bits. For easy differentiation, the storage positions can be partitioned. The transport component includes a chuck capable of gripping or releasing drill bits. The transport component is movably located on the outside of the sleeve. When the third drive unit drives the sleeve, it can move the transport component. Furthermore, a seventh power component is also provided on the outside of the sleeve. The seventh power component is used to drive the transport component to move up and down relative to the sleeve along the z-axis, so as to grip the drill bit in the storage position 324 and move it to the temporary storage position 323. The detection element 322, temporary storage position 323, and storage position 324 are arranged at intervals on the storage plate 321 along the x-axis. The detection element 322 is used to detect the length of the drill bit. One end of the detection element 322 is equipped with a laser emitter, and the emission direction of the laser reflector is parallel to the x-axis. One wall of the detection groove 3221 is provided with an emission hole, and the other wall of the detection groove 3221 is provided with a second receiving part. The two groove walls are arranged parallel and spaced along the x-axis. The laser emitted by the laser reflector enters the detection groove 3221 through the emission hole and reaches the second receiving part. Furthermore, the detection element 322 also includes a shielding plate 3222, which covers the opening of the detection groove 3221. The shielding plate 3222 has an opening to avoid the drill bit, ensuring that the drill bit can enter the detection groove 3221. The shielding plate 3222 is used to block ambient stray light and aluminum dust to ensure the reliability of the detection. Furthermore, black felt can be installed on the side of the shield 3222 facing the detection slot 3221 to further reduce reflected stray light. The inner diameter of the opening only needs to be 0.3mm to 0.5mm larger than the outer diameter of the drill bit; the size of the opening can be flexibly set according to the actual size of the drill bit, and is not limited here.

[0119] Because drill bits wear down over time, they need to be replaced periodically from the spindle chuck. Generally, a drill bit is replaced after 3000 drilling cycles. When replacing an old drill bit from the spindle chuck, the control mechanism first picks up the new drill bit from storage position 324 and moves it to one of the temporary storage positions 323; then, the spindle chuck releases the old drill bit to another temporary storage position 323 and picks up the new drill bit from that position; next, the control mechanism retrieves the old drill bit from the other temporary storage position 323 back to storage position 324. Finally, the length of the new drill bit is checked using the detection mechanism 322. Specifically, the spindle clamp is moved to a position above the detection slot 3221 at a preset height. Then, the spindle clamp is moved along the z-axis towards the detection slot 3221 until the drill bit enters the detection slot 3221 and the laser beam cannot be received by the second receiving unit. The real-time height of the spindle clamp at this point is recorded, and the real-time difference between the real-time height and the preset height is calculated. The real-time difference is compared with the preset difference to obtain the length of the drill bit, which facilitates the subsequent control system to accurately control the drill bit to drill the code on the circuit board. The preset height and preset difference can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual size of the drill bit and spindle clamp, as well as actual needs, and are not limited here.

[0120] The technical solution of this invention, by setting up a detection component 322 and a transport component, enables rapid replacement of drill bits and allows for the detection of the replaced drill bits, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of drill bits.

[0121] Please see Figure 2 In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a protective assembly, which includes a first protective belt and a second protective belt (not shown), a first unwinding reel 810, a first winding reel, a second unwinding reel 820, and a second winding reel 830. The first and second protective belts are arranged parallel to the drilling position and are used to cover both sides of the circuit board, allowing the drill bit to pass through the second protective belt and the circuit board sequentially. The first unwinding reel 810 is rotatably mounted on the frame and located at one end of the drilling position, with one end of the first protective belt located on the first unwinding reel 810. The first winding reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and located at the other end of the drilling position, with the other end of the first protective belt wound onto the first unwinding reel 810. The second unwinding reel 820 is rotatably mounted on the frame and located above the first unwinding reel 810, and the second protective belt... One end of the belt is located on the second unwinding reel 820, which is movable relative to the frame toward or away from the first unwinding reel 810; the second take-up reel 830 is rotatably mounted on the frame and located above the first take-up reel, and one end of the second protective belt is located on the second take-up reel 830, which is movable relative to the frame toward or away from the first take-up reel; wherein the second unwinding reel 820 and the second take-up reel 830 move synchronously to adjust the distance between the first protective belt and the second protective belt.

[0122] Specifically, in one embodiment, the second take-up reel 830 and the second unwind reel 820 are rotatably mounted on a fourth mounting bracket 840. The two fourth mounting brackets 840 are located at opposite ends of the drill bit position and are vertically movable on the frame. The frame is equipped with two eighth power components 850, which are connected to the fourth mounting brackets 840 in a one-to-one driving manner. These power components drive the two fourth mounting brackets 840 to synchronously raise and lower the second take-up reel 830 and the second unwind reel 820 along the z-axis to adjust the spacing between the first and second protective belts. The eighth power components 850 can be configured as motors or cylinders, etc., and are not limited here.

[0123] During drilling, the drill bit sequentially penetrates the second protective strip and the circuit board. The first protective strip is used to prevent damage to the contact plate 712 during drilling and to reduce burrs generated during drilling. The second protective strip is used to prevent the drill bit from slipping and to reduce burrs generated on the circuit board during drilling. In one embodiment, the contact plate 712 includes a support portion, a first mounting portion, and a second mounting portion. The first mounting portion, the support portion, and the second mounting portion are arranged parallel to each other along the y-axis. The first mounting portion is close to the material transfer unit 120 and is provided with a second positioning detection element. The second mounting portion is close to the material transfer unit 120 and is provided with a clearance hole 711. The support portion is used to fit against the first protective strip. The first and second protective strips are arranged sequentially above the support portion. The first mounting portion is slightly higher than the support portion, or even slightly higher than the first protective strip or flush with the first protective strip, to ensure that the second positioning detection element can detect whether the circuit board has reached the drilling position. In one embodiment, the thickness of the first and second protective strips is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm to avoid being too thick and obstructing drilling, and to avoid being too thin and unable to function. The first and second protective strips can be configured as aluminum strips or paper strips, with no limitation herein. Preferably, the second protective strip is configured as an aluminum strip to provide better hardness and thermal conductivity, thereby enhancing the protective effect and cooling the drill bit. The first protective strip is configured as a paper strip to provide better impact resistance and compressibility, thus effectively preventing burr formation.

[0124] Furthermore, in one embodiment, an elastic block (not shown) is provided on the outer periphery of the drill bit. The elastic block is arranged along the periphery of the dust suction port of the dust suction hood and protrudes towards the drill bit position. It is used to press against the second protective strip to prevent the second protective strip from shifting relative to the circuit board during the drilling process, thus affecting the drilling accuracy. It is also used to limit the diffusion of debris generated during the drilling process, thereby assisting the dust suction hood to achieve a better dust suction effect. The elastic block can be silicone, rubber, or porous metal foam, etc., and is not limited here.

[0125] The technical solution of this invention, by setting an adjustable first protective belt and a second protective belt, can further ensure the drilling accuracy and reliability of the circuit board; and the second protective belt can be raised and lowered relative to the first protective belt, which makes it easier for the circuit board to reach or leave the drilling position, thus improving the ease of operation of the drilling machine.

[0126] Please see Figure 9 and Figure 10 In one embodiment, the drilling machine further includes a deburring component 900. The discharge unit 130 has a space, and the deburring component 900 is arranged opposite to the space. The deburring component 900 is used to deburr the circuit board drilled by the drilling component 310.

[0127] The conveying component of the discharge unit 130 is also configured as a conveyor roller. The specific configuration of the conveyor roller in the discharge unit 130 is the same as that of the conveyor roller in the feeding unit 110, and will not be described again here. In particular, at least two conveyor rollers in the discharge unit 130 are left vacant to form empty spaces.

[0128] In one embodiment, the deburring assembly 900 includes a dry ice unit and a brush unit. The dry ice unit is movably disposed below the empty space and is used to perform low-temperature embrittlement and peeling of burrs on the lower surface of the circuit board. The brush unit is movably disposed above the empty space and is used to brush burrs on the upper surface of the circuit board.

[0129] Specifically, the dry ice unit includes a first negative pressure dust collection hood 911, a dry ice nozzle 912, and a fourth drive unit 913. The fourth drive unit 913 is mounted on the frame and located below the empty space. The first negative pressure dust collection hood 911 is located on the side of the third drive unit facing the discharge unit 130. The dry ice nozzle 912 is eccentrically mounted on the first negative pressure dust collection hood 911, and the spray direction of the dry ice nozzle 912 is inclined relative to the lower surface of the circuit board. The fourth drive unit 913 is used to drive the first negative pressure dust collection hood 911 to move the dry ice nozzle 912 along the x-axis and z-axis. In one embodiment, the tilt angle of the dry ice nozzle 912 relative to the circuit board is greater than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees, so as to guide the dry ice spray rebound direction toward the first negative pressure dust collection hood 911. The dry ice nozzle 912 adopts a fan-shaped or flat nozzle to ensure that the dry ice nozzle 912 has a large and uniform spray range. In one embodiment, the dry ice nozzle 912 may also be connected to a micro-motion structure, which is used to drive the dry ice nozzle 912 to oscillate within a range of ±5 degrees from the original tilt angle. The micro-motion structure may be a micro motor or an eccentric wheel, etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0130] Specifically, the brush unit includes a second negative pressure dust collection hood 921, a brush disc 922, and a fifth drive unit 923. The fifth drive unit 923 is mounted on the frame and located above the empty space. The second negative pressure dust collection hood is located on the side of the fifth drive unit 923 facing the discharge unit 130. The brush disc 922 is rotatably mounted at the axis of the second negative pressure dust collection hood 921, with the bristles of the brush disc 922 facing the circuit board. The fifth drive unit 923 is used to drive the second negative pressure dust collection hood 921 and the brush disc 922 to move along the x-axis and z-axis, and also to drive the brush disc 922 to rotate relative to the second negative pressure dust collection hood 921 around the z-axis. A labyrinth seal can be surrounding the rotatable connection between the brush disc 922 and the second negative pressure dust collection hood 921 to prevent debris from affecting the rotation of the brush disc 922. In one embodiment, the bristle diameter is approximately 0.05 mm, and the effective length is 5 mm, which can prevent scratching the circuit board and effectively remove tiny burrs and debris. In one embodiment, the brush bristles can also be tilted, with an angle of 15 to 30 degrees relative to the circuit board surface, to increase their cutting force and enable them to remove burrs at an angle, thereby improving the burr removal rate. Further, in one embodiment, the brush unit also includes a plasma gun (not shown), coaxially mounted at the center hole of the brush disk 922. The plasma gun does not directly contact the circuit board. On one hand, it is used to generate low-temperature plasma via radio frequency discharge to oxidize debris and burrs before the brush bristles contact the die on the circuit board, making them brittle and facilitating bristle removal; on the other hand, it can neutralize static electricity that the brush bristles cannot completely conduct away, achieving electrostatic protection. In one embodiment, the periphery of the second negative pressure dust collection hood 921 is provided with anti-static brush strips to prevent debris from spreading outwards.

[0131] Both the fourth drive unit 913 and the fifth drive unit 923 include an x-axis linear module and a lifting drive component. The fifth drive unit 923 also includes a rotation drive component. Further, in one embodiment, both the fourth drive unit 913 and the fifth drive unit 923 may also include a y-axis linear module (not shown) to enable the first negative pressure dust collection hood 911 and the second negative pressure dust collection hood 921 to move along the y-axis, so that the dry ice unit and the brush unit can avoid each other during operation. The x-axis linear module can be configured as a linear guide slider structure or a ball screw structure, etc., and the rotation drive component and the lifting drive component can be configured as a motor or a cylinder, etc., without limitation.

[0132] In other embodiments, the deburring assembly 900 may also include only a dry ice unit or a brush unit; or, the brush unit may be located below the empty space and the dry ice unit may be located above the empty space, without limitation.

[0133] Furthermore, in one embodiment, a fixing structure (not shown) is also provided at the empty space. This fixing structure is used to fix the circuit board at the empty space, preventing the circuit board from shifting during the operation of the deburring assembly 900. In one embodiment, the fixing structure is configured as a liftable suction member, located between two adjacent conveyor rollers of the discharge unit 130. This suction member can move up and down relative to the discharge unit 130 along the z-axis to facilitate fixing the circuit board at the empty space. In another embodiment, the specific configuration of the fixing structure can also refer to the structural configuration of the fixing assembly 700.

[0134] The technical solution of this invention, by setting a deburring component 900, can further deburr and clean debris from the drilled circuit board; by setting a dry ice unit and a brush unit, both sides of the circuit board are treated, improving the burr removal rate and ensuring the quality of the drilled circuit.

[0135] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present invention and the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling machine for drilling codes onto circuit boards, characterized in that, include: The frame is equipped with reading code positions and drilling code positions at intervals; A transmission component is movably mounted on the frame. The transmission component includes a feeding unit, a conveying unit, and a discharging unit arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the transmission direction. The code reading position is located between the feeding unit and the conveying unit, and the code drilling position is located between the conveying unit and the discharging unit. The code reading assembly includes an X-ray emitter and a receiver movably mounted on the rack. The X-ray emitter is located on one side of the code reading position and the emission direction of the X-ray emitter is towards the code reading position. The receiver is located on the other side of the code reading position. The code reading assembly is used to read the traceability code inside the circuit board. A drill bit assembly is movably mounted on the frame and opposite to the drill bit position; A fixing assembly includes a base plate, a mounting plate, a support shaft, and a pressure block. The base plate is mounted on the frame and located at the drill bit position. The base plate has a clearance hole. The mounting plate is movably mounted on the frame and located below the base plate. The mounting plate can move towards or away from the drill bit position. The support shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate and passes through the clearance hole. There are at least two support shafts. Each support shaft has a pressure block on its side facing the drill bit position. The mounting plate drives the support shaft and the pressure block to move. The support shaft drives the pressure block to rotate, so that the pressure block can be hidden or exposed in the clearance hole. The pressure block can cooperate with the base plate to lock the circuit board. When the pressure block is hidden in the clearance hole, the length direction of the pressure block is parallel to the x-axis. When the pressure block is exposed in the clearance hole and cooperates with the base plate to lock the circuit board, the length direction of the pressure block is parallel to the y-axis. A second positioning detection element is disposed on the base plate to detect whether the circuit board has reached the drill bit position. The second positioning detection element is configured as a reflective photoelectric sensor, and the angle of inclination of the emitted light of the reflective photoelectric sensor relative to the base plate is greater than or equal to 15 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees. Alternatively, the second positioning detection element is configured as a grating-type sensing optical fiber. The base plate includes a fixing plate and a contact plate. The contact plate has multiple intersecting V-shaped grooves. The sensing optical fiber is embedded in the V-shaped grooves and protrudes from the V-shaped grooves. When the circuit board is in position, it can press down on the sensing optical fiber, causing the light signal at a certain position of the sensing optical fiber to change. The protrusion height of the sensing optical fiber relative to the V-shaped groove is greater than or equal to 0.03 mm and less than or equal to 0.05 mm.

2. The drilling code machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling and coding machine also includes: A first positioning plate is disposed between the feeding unit and the conveying unit and spaced apart from the feeding unit. The first positioning plate and the feeding unit are respectively located at both ends of the code reading position. The first positioning plate is used to abut against the end of the circuit board facing the discharging unit. A second positioning plate is movably disposed above the feeding unit. Two second positioning plates are spaced apart and perpendicular to the first positioning plate. The two second positioning plates can move closer or further apart to clamp or release the circuit board. A transport component is movably mounted on the rack and located above the transmission component. The transport component is used to move the circuit board, after being read by the code reading component, to the code position.

3. The drilling code machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drilling and coding machine also includes: A first driving unit, disposed on the frame and drivenly connected to the code reading assembly, is used to drive the code reading assembly to move along the extending direction of the first positioning plate; and The second drive unit is located on the frame and is driven to connect with the first positioning plate, and is used to drive the first positioning plate to move in a direction close to or away from the feeding unit; The movement direction of the code reading component is perpendicular to the direction of the first positioning plate, and the first driving unit and the second driving unit cooperate to make the code reading component aligned with the traceability code inside the circuit board.

4. The drilling machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drilling and coding machine also includes: The first positioning detection element is disposed on the side of the reading position and located between the first positioning plate and the feeding unit. The positioning detection element is used to detect whether the circuit board has reached the reading position. The first positioning detection element includes a first transmitting part and a first receiving part, which are located on opposite sides of the drill bit position, and the line connecting the first transmitting part and the first receiving part intersects the plane where the reading bit position is located.

5. The drilling code machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly also includes: The material transfer unit includes a plurality of spaced conveying rollers, which are rotatably mounted on the frame. The support plate is provided between at least two adjacent conveying rollers near the drill bit position. The upper end of the support plate is on the same plane as the base plate. The material transfer unit can be raised and lowered relative to the support plate. At the drill bit position, one end of the circuit board near the discharge unit is mounted on the base plate, and the other end of the circuit board is mounted on the support plate.

6. The drilling code machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly includes a detachably connected drive body and a drill bit, and the drill bit machine further includes: A storage plate is disposed above one end of the discharge unit near the drill bit position. The storage plate is spaced apart from and parallel to the discharge unit to form a channel. The storage plate has a storage position and a temporary storage position. The storage position stores a plurality of the drill bits, and the temporary storage position is used to temporarily store the drill bits. A detection element is disposed on the storage plate. A detection groove is provided on the side of the detection element facing away from the storage plate. A detection light source is provided in the detection groove, and the detection light source penetrates two opposing groove walls. A transport component is movably disposed on the outside of the drive body, and the transport component is capable of moving the drill bit between the storage position and the temporary storage position.

7. The drilling machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The drilling and coding machine also includes a protection component, which includes: A first protective strip and a second protective strip are arranged parallel to the drill bit position to cover both sides of the circuit board. The drill bit can pass through the second protective strip and the circuit board in sequence. The first unwinding reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and located at one end of the drill bit position, and one end of the first protective belt is located on the first unwinding reel; The first take-up reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and located at the other end of the drill bit position, and the other end of the first protective strip is wound up to the first unwind reel. A second unwinding reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and positioned above the first unwinding reel. One end of the second protective belt is attached to the second unwinding reel. The second unwinding reel is movable relative to the frame in a direction closer to or further away from the first unwinding reel. The second take-up reel is rotatably mounted on the frame and located above the first take-up reel. One end of the second protective belt is located on the second take-up reel. The second unwind reel can move relative to the frame toward or away from the first take-up reel. The second unwinding reel and the second rewinding reel move synchronously to adjust the spacing between the first protective belt and the second protective belt.

8. The drilling code machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling and coding machine also includes: The deburring assembly is provided with a slot in the discharge unit and is positioned opposite to the slot. The deburring assembly is used to deburr the circuit board that has been drilled by the drill bit assembly.

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