Phase change heat storage and heat preservation structure of high-temperature fused salt storage tank and application of phase change heat storage and heat preservation structure
By designing a multi-layer composite insulation structure and phase change materials, the problem of traditional insulation materials being prone to deterioration at high temperatures has been solved, enabling long-term stable energy storage and low-energy operation of high-temperature molten salt storage tanks, thereby improving the stability and economy of solar thermal power generation systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511638260.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional insulation materials are prone to deterioration at high temperatures, leading to rapid heat dissipation from high-temperature molten salt storage tanks, which affects the stability and efficiency of solar thermal power generation systems. Furthermore, traditional structures are prone to forming thermal bridges, resulting in significant heat loss.
The design incorporates a multi-layered composite insulation structure, with phase change insulation material layers on both the inner and outer walls, combined with a vacuum insulation layer and a heat insulation layer. The phase change material on the inner wall absorbs or releases heat, while the phase change material on the outer wall slows down heat dissipation. The vacuum layer blocks heat conduction, and the heat insulation layer blocks heat flow. Temperature sensors are used for real-time monitoring.
It significantly extends the molten salt energy storage time, reduces energy consumption, improves the stability and efficiency of solar thermal power generation systems, lowers operating costs, and adapts to unstable lighting conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN121106935A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a phase change heat storage and heat preservation structure of a high-temperature molten salt storage tank and application. BACKGROUND
[0002] The information disclosed in this BACKGROUND section is only for the purpose of increasing the understanding of the general background of the application and does not necessarily constitute an admission by the patent applicant(s) that this information constitutes prior art.
[0003] As a representative of clean energy, solar thermal power generation uses large-scale light-concentrating devices to collect solar energy to heat molten salt, and stores high-temperature heat energy in a storage tank in the form of molten salt. Then, the high-temperature heat energy is converted into electric energy. In theory, 24-hour uninterrupted power supply can be realized, effectively making up for the intermittent shortcoming of photovoltaic power generation. The heat preservation technology of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank is a key node that needs to be overcome.
[0004] At present, the heat preservation means of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank mainly relies on traditional heat preservation materials such as rock wool and ceramic fiber. The thermal conductivity of such materials is low, and the heat diffusion is delayed by physical blocking. In the initial stage, it can cope with part of the heat dissipation problem. However, in the face of high-temperature molten salt operating temperature of hundreds of degrees (common operating temperature range 290-565℃), the microstructure of the traditional heat preservation material will gradually deteriorate with the change of time and temperature, resulting in gradual increase of thermal conductivity, accelerated cooling rate of molten salt in the storage tank, and sharp reduction of energy storage time. This seriously restricts the continuous power supply capacity of the solar thermal power generation system and weakens the stability and efficiency of the solar thermal power generation. In addition, the traditional heat preservation material is also prone to chemical change at high temperature, which will also reduce its heat preservation effect. These problems not only increase the energy consumption of the storage tank, but also shorten the service life of the heat preservation material and increase the maintenance cost.
[0005] On the other hand, the traditional heat preservation structure is usually a simple stacked multi-layer structure, and the connection between the layers is not tight and the synergy is not good, which is easy to form a thermal bridge and lose a lot of heat. SUMMARY
[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a phase change heat storage and heat preservation structure of a high-temperature molten salt storage tank and application. The multi-layer composite heat preservation structure is carefully designed. The phase change material on the inner wall of the storage tank can absorb or release a large amount of heat when the temperature of the molten salt fluctuates, maintaining the stability of the internal temperature of the storage tank. The phase change material on the outer wall of the storage tank further reduces heat loss when the ambient temperature changes. The combination of vacuum layer and heat insulation layer further enhances the heat preservation performance of the storage tank, maintains the molten salt in a suitable high-temperature working state, prolongs the energy storage time, and ensures the stable operation of the solar thermal power generation system.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: In a first aspect, the present application provides a phase change heat storage insulation structure of a high-temperature molten salt storage tank, comprising a molten salt storage tank cavity, an inner wall phase change insulation material layer arranged on the inner side of the molten salt storage tank cavity, and an outer wall phase change insulation material layer, a vacuum insulation layer, a heat insulation layer and a protective layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside of the outer side of the molten salt storage tank cavity. The inner wall phase change insulation material layer comprises inorganic composite phase change material sheets spliced together, the outer wall phase change insulation material layer comprises organic composite phase change material blocks spliced together, and the heat insulation layer comprises heat insulation material blocks spliced together.
[0008] In a second aspect, the application provides an application of the phase change heat storage insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank in a solar thermal power generation.
[0009] The present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application designs phase change insulation materials on the inner wall and the outer wall of the molten salt storage tank, which greatly enhances the heat control ability. The inner wall phase change insulation material layer can quickly absorb and store heat during the heating stage of the molten salt, effectively buffers the process of heat conduction to the storage tank wall, maintains the molten salt at a stable high temperature condition, and reduces energy loss caused by self-heat dissipation. When the ambient temperature is lower than the internal temperature of the storage tank, the outer wall phase change insulation material layer can delay heat dissipation to the outside by using its own latent heat of phase change. In combination with the nearly zero heat conduction of the super strong heat insulation barrier of the heat insulation layer and the high efficiency heat blocking effect of the heat insulation layer, the overall heat preservation performance of the molten salt storage tank is improved, and the molten salt energy storage time is significantly prolonged. Compared with traditional heat preservation storage tanks, the temperature drop can be reduced by more than 50% under the same environmental conditions, effectively ensuring the continuous and stable power supply of the solar thermal power generation system, and greatly improving the energy utilization efficiency. The protective layer further improves the service life of the heat preservation structure, and can improve the stability and reliability of the system.
[0010] 2. The present application sets temperature sensors at certain positions, which can be connected with the control system to real-time master the working state of the heat preservation structure, discover and solve problems in time, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the solar thermal power generation system.
[0011] 3. In the solar thermal power generation technology under the condition of day and night alternation and unstable illumination, the traditional storage tank frequently calls auxiliary heating equipment to compensate for heat due to fast heat dissipation. The present application greatly suppresses heat dissipation, reduces heating frequency and duration, and reduces the operating energy consumption of the solar thermal power generation system by 30-40%, which reduces the cost of power generation and improves the economic efficiency and competitiveness of the system, which is in line with the development trend of green, low-carbon and energy-efficient industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form a part thereof, serve to provide further understanding of the present application, and together with the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application and their description serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.
[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase change heat storage insulation structure of a high-temperature molten salt storage tank in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
[0014] In the figure, 1 is an inner wall phase change insulation material layer; 11 is an inorganic composite phase change material sheet; 2 is a molten salt storage tank cavity; 3 is an outer wall phase change insulation material layer; 31 is an organic composite phase change material block; 4 is a vacuum insulation layer; 5 is an insulation layer; 51 is an insulation material block; 6 is a protective layer; and 7 is a temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
[0016] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The reagents or materials used in the present application can be purchased through conventional routes. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents or materials used in the present application are used according to conventional methods in the art or according to the product instructions. In addition, any method and material similar or equivalent to those described can be applied to the method of the present application. The preferred implementation methods and materials described herein are only for demonstration.
[0017] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a feature, step, operation, device, component and / or combination thereof.
[0018] One or more embodiments of the present application provide a phase change heat storage insulation structure of a high-temperature molten salt storage tank, comprising a molten salt storage tank cavity, an inner wall phase change insulation material layer is arranged on the inner side of the molten salt storage tank cavity, and an outer wall phase change insulation material layer, a vacuum insulation layer, an insulation layer and a protective layer are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside of the outer side of the molten salt storage tank cavity. The inner wall phase change insulation material layer comprises inorganic composite phase change material sheets spliced together, the outer wall phase change insulation material layer comprises organic composite phase change material blocks spliced together, and the insulation layer comprises insulation material blocks spliced together.
[0019] In the above structure, the inner wall phase change heat preservation material layer can quickly absorb and store heat during the molten salt heating stage; the outer wall phase change heat preservation material layer can delay the heat dissipation to the outside environment by using its own phase change latent heat when the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature inside the storage tank; the vacuum insulation layer and the heat insulation layer can further prolong the molten salt storage time and provide solid protection and mechanical support for the internal heat preservation structure; based on the thermal dynamic process of molten salt storage and environmental interaction, the multi-layer composite heat preservation structure promotes the heat inside the storage tank to be absorbed and stored by the inner wall phase change layer, the outward heat is blocked by the vacuum layer, and the outer wall phase change layer is stored again, which cooperates with the heat insulation layer to intelligently distribute the phase change material storage and heat release according to the temperature gradient, so as to realize the technical effects of constant molten salt temperature and prolonged energy storage period.
[0020] Optionally, the inorganic composite phase change material of the inorganic composite phase change material sheet is based on sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate eutectic salt, doped with nano silicon dioxide and nano silicon carbide, and has a phase change temperature of 290-330℃; the phase change latent heat is about 250kJ / kg, and the inorganic composite phase change material has good chemical stability in a high temperature operating environment of 290-565℃ of the molten salt; when the temperature of the molten salt fluctuates, the phase change material can absorb or release latent heat in time, effectively buffer heat transfer, and maintain the stability of the temperature of the molten salt.
[0021] Optionally, the inorganic composite phase change material sheet has a thickness of 3-5mm and is bonded to the inside of the molten salt storage tank cavity by a high-temperature resistant adhesive to form a seamless inner wall phase change heat preservation material layer; the high-temperature resistant adhesive is selected from a ceramic-based adhesive, which can resist a temperature higher than 550℃, and uniformly and tightly attaches the inorganic composite phase change material sheet to the inner wall of the molten salt storage tank cavity to become a seamless heat preservation lining, preventing the formation of a heat bridge in the gap between the inorganic composite phase change material sheets and ensuring that the molten salt and the heat preservation lining are in full contact for heat exchange.
[0022] Optionally, the material of the molten salt storage tank cavity is one or more of 347H stainless steel, Incoloy 825 or Hastelloy C276, which has the characteristics of high oxidation resistance temperature and excellent corrosion resistance.
[0023] Optionally, the organic composite phase change material of the organic composite phase change material block includes a phase change material composed of fatty acid ester and expanded graphite, and has a phase change temperature of 260-300℃; the phase change temperature is 30-50℃ lower than that of the inner wall phase change heat preservation material layer, and the phase change latent heat is not less than 230kJ / kg; when the inner wall transmits heat to make it warm up to the phase change interval, the phase change latent heat is used to secondarily intercept the escaped heat, and the thickness is designed to be slightly thicker than that of the inner wall, i.e. 10-20mm, and the gap is filled with high-temperature resistant sealing glue to form a continuous heat preservation outer layer, which cooperates with the inner wall layer to strengthen the heat preservation effect.
[0024] Optionally, the vacuum insulation layer includes a vacuum cavity, and the internal pressure of the vacuum cavity is lower than 10 -4Pa; the vacuum insulation layer shell is made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy sheet (thickness 1-2 mm), is welded around the outer side of the phase change material outer layer installed on the outer wall of the storage tank, and creates a closed vacuum space, cuts off the gas heat conduction and convection path, cuts off the air heat conduction and convection heat loss path by using the high-vacuum environment with extremely low thermal conductivity, and strongly blocks heat leakage.
[0025] Optionally, the heat insulation material includes one or more of ceramic fiber modules and aerogel, and the thermal conductivity is 0.05-0.08 W / (m·K); wherein the ceramic fiber module is used as a main frame, the bulk density is 100-130 kg / m³, the aerogel particles are embedded in the main frame to enhance the heat insulation effect, and the overall thickness is 10-15 cm; the vacuum insulation layer is surrounded by the ceramic fiber modules in a staggered and layered stacking manner, and the layers are compactly attached to each other, thereby blocking heat flow diffusion in all directions and protecting the internal heat; the volume of the aerogel particles accounts for 20-30% of the volume of the heat insulation layer.
[0026] Optionally, the protective layer includes a metal plate subjected to corrosion protection treatment; an aluminum alloy plate (thickness 5-8 mm) with strong weather resistance and excellent mechanical properties is selected to make the protective shell, the surface is subjected to anodic oxidation and fluorocarbon coating double corrosion protection treatment, can resist outdoor harsh environment erosion, and provides solid protection and mechanical support for the internal heat preservation structure, thereby ensuring long-term reliable operation of the whole.
[0027] Optionally, temperature sensors are arranged at one or more positions in the phase change heat storage heat preservation structure cavity of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank, in the phase change heat preservation material layer of the inner wall, in the phase change heat preservation material layer of the outer wall, on the outer surface of the vacuum insulation layer, and on the outer surface of the heat insulation layer, and the temperature sensors are respectively connected to a processor; the temperature sensors are used to monitor the working state of the heat preservation structure in real time, find abnormal conditions in time, and ensure stable operation of the system.
[0028] The temperature sensor in the cavity is used to directly monitor the temperature of the molten salt body, to master whether the molten salt is in the normal operating temperature range of 290-565℃, and to be the core basis for judging the energy storage state and whether the system needs to be heated; the temperature sensor in the inner wall phase change heat preservation material layer is used to monitor the temperature of the inorganic composite phase change material sheet, to judge whether the heat preservation buffering effect of the inner wall phase change heat preservation material layer meets the standard; the temperature sensor in the outer wall phase change heat preservation material layer is used to monitor the temperature of the composite phase change material block, to evaluate the cooperative heat preservation effect of the outer wall phase change heat preservation material layer and the inner wall phase change heat preservation material layer; the temperature sensor on the outer surface of the vacuum insulation layer is used to monitor the temperature after passing through the vacuum insulation layer, to indirectly judge whether the vacuum degree of the vacuum insulation layer is normal; and the temperature sensor on the outer surface of the heat insulation layer is used to monitor the final heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer, to reflect whether there is heat loss abnormality in the heat insulation layer or the internal heat preservation structure.
[0029] One or more embodiments of the present invention provide the application of the phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the above-mentioned high-temperature molten salt storage tank in solar thermal power generation.
[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0031] Example 1 A phase change thermal insulation structure for a high-temperature molten salt storage tank, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a molten salt storage tank cavity 2, with an inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1 provided on the inner side of the molten salt storage tank cavity 2, and an outer wall phase change insulation material layer 3, a vacuum insulation layer 4, a heat insulation layer 5 and a protective layer 6 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside on the outer side of the molten salt storage tank cavity 2. The inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1 includes inorganic composite phase change material sheets 11 spliced together, the outer wall phase change insulation material layer 3 includes organic composite phase change material blocks 31 spliced together, and the insulation layer 5 includes insulation material blocks 51 spliced together.
[0032] The inorganic composite phase change material sheet 11 uses sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate eutectic salt as the matrix, doped with nano-silica and nano-silicon carbide, and adjusts its phase change temperature to 330℃; the latent heat of phase change is 250kJ / kg, and it has good chemical stability in the high-temperature operating environment of molten salt at 290~565℃.
[0033] The inorganic composite phase change material sheet 11 is 5mm thick and is bonded to the inner side of the molten salt storage tank cavity 2 with a high-temperature resistant adhesive to form a seamless inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1. The high-temperature resistant adhesive is a ceramic-based adhesive that can withstand temperatures above 550℃. The inorganic composite phase change material sheet 11 is evenly and tightly attached to the inner wall of the molten salt storage tank cavity 2 to form a seamless insulation lining. This prevents thermal bridges from forming in the gaps between the inorganic composite phase change material sheet 11 and ensures that the molten salt and the insulation lining are in full contact for heat exchange.
[0034] The molten salt storage tank cavity 2 is made of 347H stainless steel.
[0035] The organic composite phase change material block 31 contains expanded graphite, in which fatty acids are adsorbed as phase change materials, and the phase change temperature is 280℃. Its phase change temperature is 50℃ lower than that of the inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1, and the latent heat of phase change is not less than 230kJ / kg. When heat is transferred from the inner wall, it is heated to the phase change range. The latent heat of phase change is used to intercept the heat that escapes to the outside for the second time. The thickness is designed to be slightly thicker than the inner wall, at 20mm. It is prefabricated into blocks and spliced in a slot-block manner. The gaps are filled with high-temperature resistant sealant to form a continuous insulation outer layer, which works in conjunction with the inner wall layer to enhance the insulation effect.
[0036] Vacuum insulation layer 4 includes a vacuum chamber, the internal pressure of which is less than 10. -4Pa; a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2 mm is used to make a vacuum insulation layer 4 shell, which is welded around the outer wall of the phase change insulation material layer 3 installed on the outer wall of the molten salt storage tank cavity 2, to create a closed vacuum space and prevent heat leakage.
[0037] The material of the thermal insulation block 51 includes one or more of ceramic fiber modules and aerogel, and the thermal conductivity is 0.05 W / (m•K); wherein the ceramic fiber module is used as the main frame, and the bulk density is 100 kg / m 3 The aerogel particles are embedded in the main frame to enhance the thermal insulation performance, and the overall thickness is 10 cm; the vacuum insulation layer 4 is surrounded by the staggered and layered stacking method, and the layers are compactly attached to each other, which can block the heat flow diffusion in all directions and protect the internal heat; the volume of the aerogel particles accounts for 30% of the volume of the thermal insulation layer 5.
[0038] The protective layer 6 is made of an aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 5 mm, which has strong weather resistance and excellent mechanical properties. The surface is subjected to anodic oxidation and fluorocarbon coating double corrosion protection treatment to ensure long-term reliable operation of the whole.
[0039] As shown in Figure 1 , temperature sensors 7 are arranged at set positions, and each temperature sensor 7 is connected to a processor; which is used to monitor the working state of the heat preservation structure in real time, discover abnormal conditions in time, and ensure stable operation of the system.
[0040] The temperature sensors 7 supported inside the cavity formed by the inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1 are used to directly monitor the temperature of the molten salt body, and to determine whether the molten salt is in the normal operating temperature range of 290~565℃, which is the core basis for judging the energy storage state and whether the system needs to be heated; the temperature sensors 7 inside the inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1 are used to monitor the temperature of the inorganic composite phase change material sheet 11, to confirm whether it is in the phase change temperature range of 290~330℃ and normally absorbs and releases heat, and to judge whether the heat preservation buffer effect of the inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1 meets the standard; the temperature sensors 7 inside the outer wall phase change insulation material layer 3 are used to monitor the temperature of the organic composite phase change material block 31, to check whether it plays a secondary heat blocking role in the phase change temperature range of 260~300℃, and to evaluate the synergistic heat preservation effect of the outer wall phase change insulation material layer 3 and the inner wall phase change insulation material layer 1; the temperature sensors 7 on the outer surface of the vacuum insulation layer 4 (close to the side of the thermal insulation layer 5) are used to monitor the temperature released after passing through the vacuum insulation layer 4, and to indirectly determine whether the vacuum degree of the vacuum insulation layer 4 is normal; the temperature sensors 7 on the outer surface of the thermal insulation layer 5 (close to the side of the protective layer 6) are used to monitor the final thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer 5, and if the temperature here is too high, it may indicate that there is a heat loss abnormality in the thermal insulation layer 5 or the inner heat preservation structure.
[0041] The preparation method of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank of the embodiment comprises: installing the inorganic composite phase change material sheet 11 to form the inner wall phase change heat preservation material layer 1 in the molten salt storage tank cavity 2, then installing the organic composite phase change material block 31 to form the outer wall phase change heat preservation material layer 3 outside the molten salt storage tank cavity 2, installing the vacuum insulation layer 4, installing the heat insulation material block 51 to form the heat insulation layer 5, and installing the protective layer 6; wherein each link strictly implements the process standard, for example, when the vacuum insulation layer 4 is vacuumized, the vacuum degree needs to be continuously monitored to meet the standard and be stable, and after the heat insulation layer 5 is installed, a thermal imager is used to detect whether there is a local thermal bridge anomaly; after each layer is completed and qualified, the next layer of work is pushed forward.
[0042] The high-temperature molten salt storage tank after assembly is injected with molten salt and heated to a set working temperature, the temperature of the set position is detected by the pre-embedded high-precision temperature sensor, the preset heat preservation index is continuously tracked and recorded and compared, the abnormal temperature area is reviewed, the phase change material formula is fine-tuned, the interlayer sealing is optimized or the heat insulation material laying is adjusted, until the system is stable.
[0043] Under the alternating day and night, unstable light conditions of photo-thermal power generation, the traditional storage tank has fast heat dissipation, frequent calling of auxiliary heating equipment to compensate for heat, while the high-temperature molten salt storage tank in the embodiment can greatly inhibit heat loss, the actual heat transfer coefficient is controlled to be 0.05±0.02 W / (m•K), the heating frequency and time are reduced, the operation energy consumption can be reduced by 30~40%, the power generation cost is reduced, the system economy and competitiveness are improved, and the development trend of green low-carbon, high-efficiency and energy-saving industry is met.
[0044] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A phase change thermal storage and insulation structure for a high-temperature molten salt storage tank, characterized in that, It includes a molten salt storage tank cavity, with an inner wall phase change insulation material layer on the inner side of the molten salt storage tank cavity, and an outer wall phase change insulation material layer, a vacuum insulation layer, a heat insulation layer and a protective layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside on the outer side of the molten salt storage tank cavity; The inner wall phase change insulation material layer includes inorganic composite phase change material sheets spliced together, the outer wall phase change insulation material layer includes organic composite phase change material blocks spliced together, and the insulation layer includes insulation material blocks spliced together.
2. The phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic composite phase change material sheet uses sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate eutectic salt as the matrix, doped with nano-silica and nano-silicon carbide, and has a phase change temperature of 290~330℃.
3. The phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Inorganic composite phase change material sheets are bonded to the inner side of the molten salt storage tank cavity using a high-temperature resistant adhesive to form a seamless inner wall phase change insulation material layer.
4. The phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molten salt storage tank cavity is made of one or more of 347H stainless steel, Incoloy 825, or Hastelloy C276.
5. The phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The organic composite phase change material block contains a phase change material composed of fatty acid esters and expanded graphite, with a phase change temperature of 260~300℃.
6. The phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum insulation layer includes a vacuum cavity, the internal pressure of which is less than 10. -4 Pa.
7. The phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal insulation material block includes one or more of ceramic fiber modules and aerogel, with a thermal conductivity of 0.05~0.08 W / (m•K).
8. The phase change thermal storage and insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective layer comprises a metal sheet that has undergone anti-corrosion treatment.
9. The phase change thermal insulation structure for a high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature sensors are installed at one or more locations within the cavity of the phase change thermal insulation structure of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank, within the inner wall phase change insulation material layer, within the outer wall phase change insulation material layer, on the outer surface of the vacuum insulation layer, and on the outer surface of the insulation layer. Each temperature sensor is connected to a processor.
10. The application of a phase change thermal insulation structure for a high-temperature molten salt storage tank as described in any one of claims 1-9 in solar thermal power generation.