A waterproof motor for new energy vehicle driving

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of new energy automobile electric motors, and discloses a waterproof electric motor for driving a new energy automobile, which comprises a rear end sealing cover, a shell assembly, a front cover assembly and a front cover assembly which are sequentially hinged to the rear end sealing cover, the inside of the shell assembly is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft penetrates through the front cover assembly and extends to the outside of the front cover assembly, a water drainage mechanism is arranged, when the lower end of the electric motor is in water, water absorption resin blocks absorb water and expand to twice the volume, fill the corresponding heat dissipation cavities, and prevent water from continuously entering; the adjusting rope in the adjusting assembly moves under the expansion and extrusion of the water absorption resin blocks, the node ball on the outer wall of the adjusting rope pushes the arc-shaped sealing plate of the overturning assembly to overturn, and the heat dissipation cavities are sealed; when the vehicle runs in an extreme environment such as a deep water area, the structures fill the traditional sealing gaps, prevent water from invading, make the power output of the electric motor more stable, reduce power drop and speed fluctuation, and guarantee the running performance of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric motor technology for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the performance and reliability of the drive motor, as a core component, are crucial. In practical use, new energy vehicles may face various complex road conditions and weather conditions, and the motor will inevitably encounter water immersion. Traditional electric motor waterproofing designs have shortcomings; when the motor is submerged, moisture can easily penetrate, leading to a decrease in electrical insulation performance, causing short circuits and other faults, severely affecting the motor's lifespan and the vehicle's safe operation. Therefore, there is a need to develop a highly efficient and reliable waterproof electric motor to improve its operational stability in harsh environments such as water immersion.

[0003] Patent CN207705934U discloses a novel waterproof permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles, including a front cover, stator, rear cover, rotor, front bearing, rear bearing, bearing cover, rotary transformer assembly, waterproof cable connector, and stator leads. The motor has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. Through various sealing methods, the internal and external contact points of the motor are sealed tightly, which can effectively prevent water and dust from entering the motor. The motor's protection level can reach IP67, thereby extending the motor's service life.

[0004] The existing technology has the following drawbacks:

[0005] Insufficient ability to cope with complex operating conditions: When new energy vehicles are driven in extreme environments (such as deep water areas, high humidity environments, or frequent water entry and exit conditions), the existing electric motors are insufficient to cope with complex operating conditions. The problem is particularly prominent in water-related environments. Traditional waterproof designs have defects, and the sealing structure has gaps that allow water to enter easily. Some materials have poor water resistance and their performance changes after absorbing water. The design of the heat dissipation channel is unreasonable, which leads to water accumulation and difficulty in drainage. This causes unstable power output of the electric motor, resulting in power reduction, speed fluctuations, and other issues that affect the vehicle's driving performance.

[0006] Excessive sealing leads to insufficient heat dissipation: Some electric motors used in new energy vehicles are excessively sealed to achieve high waterproof ratings, which significantly reduces the area and channels for heat exchange between the motor and the outside world. Key heat dissipation structures such as heat sinks and vents are excessively blocked, making it difficult for air to circulate effectively and for heat to be dissipated in a timely manner. This results in a continuous accumulation of heat inside, leading to a severe lack of heat dissipation. As a result, the temperature of the electric motor rises sharply during operation, and it is very easy to exceed the safe temperature threshold during long-term operation. In addition, high temperatures accelerate the aging of internal insulation materials, shorten their service life, and also cause power reduction and efficiency decline. In severe cases, it may even cause the electric motor to shut down, affecting the normal operation of the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Given the limitations of existing technologies in handling complex operating conditions and insufficient heat dissipation due to excessive sealing, a waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles is proposed.

[0008] This application provides a waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles. Its purpose is to: effectively address the insufficient ability of existing electric motors to handle complex operating conditions through a hydrophobic mechanism; utilize special materials and structures to fill sealing gaps, preventing water intrusion, thus making the motor's power output more stable, reducing power drop and speed fluctuations, and improving vehicle performance in extreme environments such as deep water; simultaneously, effectively improving the motor's heat dissipation, increasing the area and channels for heat exchange between the motor and the outside environment, promoting air circulation, and keeping the motor's operating temperature within a safe threshold. This further delays the aging of internal insulation materials, improves power and efficiency, prevents downtime, ensures normal vehicle operation, and extends the motor's service life.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles, including a rear sealing cover, a housing assembly, a front cover assembly and a front cover assembly that are sequentially hinged to the rear sealing cover, wherein a rotating shaft is provided inside the housing assembly, the rotating shaft penetrates the front cover assembly and extends to the outside of the front cover assembly, and further includes a hydrophobic mechanism provided outside the housing assembly, the hydrophobic mechanism being used to repel water when the electric motor is submerged in water.

[0010] The water-draining mechanism includes an air guide component, an expansion component, an adjustment component, and a flipping component. The expansion component is used to absorb water when the lower end of the motor is submerged in water. When the expansion component is saturated with water, the flipping component flips over through the adjustment component. The air guide component is used to support the expansion component, the adjustment component, and the flipping component.

[0011] The air guide assembly includes an air guide frame hinged to the rear sealing cover. The upper end of the air guide frame has multiple air outlets. The end of the air guide frame near the housing assembly is fixedly connected to multiple evenly distributed insert plates. The inner wall of the insert plates has symmetrically arranged locking grooves, and the interior of the insert plates has a heat dissipation cavity.

[0012] Using the above scheme, the air guide component allows the front cover assembly to generate airflow into the heat dissipation cavity inside the slotted plate when the motor is in normal operating conditions and not exposed to water. This airflow makes full contact with the surface of the housing assembly, carrying away the heat generated by the motor. The heat is then dissipated outward through the heat dissipation cavity, achieving normal heat dissipation for the motor. When the upper part of the motor is also submerged in water, only the upper air outlet can allow water to enter. With the airflow generated by the front cover assembly remaining unchanged, the airflow speed increases due to the partial sealing of the heat dissipation cavity and the narrowing of the channel. According to the principles of fluid dynamics, this rapid airflow can effectively prevent water from entering the upper heat dissipation cavity, and the air outlet can still expel some heat. Although part of the heat dissipation cavity is sealed, the overall system can still maintain a certain heat dissipation capacity.

[0013] Furthermore, the lever slot includes a first lever slot and a second lever slot. The expansion assembly is located in a heat dissipation cavity with a single pair of first lever slots, and the flipping assembly is located in a heat dissipation cavity with two pairs of second lever slots. The expansion assembly includes a directional rod that is snapped into the inner wall of the first lever slot. A water-absorbing resin block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the directional rod. When the water-absorbing resin block absorbs water, it can expand to twice its volume. The expanded water-absorbing resin block fills the corresponding heat dissipation cavity.

[0014] Using the above solution, when the lower end of the motor is submerged in water, the water-absorbing resin block in the expansion component will absorb the water. As the water absorption reaches saturation, its volume will expand to twice its original size. Since the directional rod is fixedly engaged in the inner wall of the first rod groove, its position will not shift. After the water-absorbing resin block expands, it will fill the corresponding heat dissipation cavity, effectively preventing water from continuously entering and avoiding water damage to the inside of the motor.

[0015] Furthermore, the flipping assembly includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second lever groove. An arc-shaped sealing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod. After the arc-shaped sealing plate flips, it seals the corresponding heat dissipation cavity. A rope-threading groove is provided on the outer wall of the arc-shaped sealing plate.

[0016] Using the above solution, the set flipping component adjusts the arc-shaped sealing plate, causing it to rotate and flip over on the inner wall of the second clamp groove via the rotating rod. The flipped arc-shaped sealing plate seals the corresponding heat dissipation cavity, preventing water from further entering the motor through the heat dissipation cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes an arc-shaped seat fixedly installed between two adjacent insert pieces, and two symmetrically arranged limiting strips are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped seat, forming a rope clamping groove between the two limiting strips.

[0018] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly also includes an adjustment rope slidably connected inside the rope clamping groove. The adjustment rope penetrates multiple arc-shaped sealing plates, and one section is located at the bottom of the corresponding absorbent resin block. Both ends of the adjustment rope are fixedly connected to end balls. The two end balls are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped seats. Multiple node balls are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjustment rope, and the multiple node balls abut against the outer walls of the multiple arc-shaped sealing plates.

[0019] Using the above scheme, through the set adjustment components, when the top two water-absorbing resin blocks are also saturated with water, their bottoms are in contact with the adjustment rope, and when they expand, they will squeeze the adjustment rope. The adjustment rope is installed on the arc-shaped seat, which is equipped with a limiting strip to prevent the adjustment rope from shaking during movement, making its movement more stable. The adjustment rope slides in the rope clamping groove, which acts as a limit for it. The end balls at both ends of the adjustment rope ensure that it will not fall out of the rope clamping groove. The adjustment rope moves under the pressure of the water-absorbing resin blocks, and the node balls on its outer wall abut against the outer wall of the arc-shaped sealing plate. As the adjustment rope moves, the node balls push the arc-shaped sealing plate to adjust.

[0020] Furthermore, the housing assembly includes a sealed outer shell hinged to the rear sealing cover, and the outer wall of the sealed outer shell is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation fins are provided with a first vertical groove on both sides.

[0021] Furthermore, the front cover assembly includes a front sealing cover hinged to the sealing shell. The outer wall of the front sealing cover is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed hinge seats and a plurality of diverter plates. The plurality of hinge seats and the plurality of diverter plates are alternately arranged. An air passage is formed between the hinge seat and the adjacent diverter plate. A second vertical groove is provided on both sides of the diverter plate.

[0022] Furthermore, the first vertical groove is connected to the corresponding second vertical groove, and both ends of the insert piece are slidably connected to the corresponding first and second vertical grooves.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, through the housing assembly and front cover assembly, when the motor is in a normal working environment and has not encountered water immersion, the wind force generated by the front cover assembly blows the air through the air passage formed between the hinge seat and the diverter plate on the front sealing cover. After the air enters the heat dissipation cavity inside the slot plate, it makes full contact with the heat dissipation fins on the outer wall of the sealing shell and the surface of the sealing shell, thus carrying away the heat generated by the motor. The heat is dissipated outward through the heat dissipation cavity, realizing the normal heat dissipation of the motor.

[0024] Furthermore, the front cover assembly includes a fan cover hinged to the hinge seat, the outer wall of the fan cover has multiple air inlets, and a fan is installed inside the fan cover, the fan being sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft.

[0025] Using the above solution, the rotation of the shaft of the front cover assembly drives the fan to run synchronously. Outside air enters through the air inlet on the fan cover, and the airflow generated by the fan blows the air to dissipate heat and drain water.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] By incorporating a hydrophobic mechanism, the vehicle's ability to handle complex operating conditions is significantly enhanced. The expansion component within the hydrophobic mechanism contains a water-absorbing resin block. When the lower end of the motor is submerged in water, the resin block absorbs moisture and expands to twice its volume, filling the corresponding heat dissipation cavity and preventing continuous water ingress. The adjustment rope in the adjustment component moves under the pressure of the expanding resin block, and the node ball on its outer wall pushes the arc-shaped sealing plate of the flipping component to flip, sealing the heat dissipation cavity. In extreme environments such as deep water, these structures fill the gaps in traditional seals, preventing water intrusion, making the motor's power output more stable, reducing power drop and speed fluctuations, and ensuring vehicle driving performance.

[0028] By setting up an air guide component, the heat dissipation problem caused by excessive sealing is solved. The fan rotates under the drive of the shaft, and outside air enters through the air inlet. The airflow enters the heat dissipation cavity inside the slot plate through the air passage of the front cover component. Even if part of the heat dissipation cavity is sealed due to water, according to the principle of fluid mechanics, the increased airflow can still prevent water intrusion and dissipate heat, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient heat dissipation caused by excessive sealing. This keeps the motor operating temperature within the safe threshold, delays the aging of internal insulation materials, and improves power and efficiency.

[0029] Through the coordinated operation of the air guide assembly, expansion assembly, adjustment assembly, and tilting assembly, the system can effectively and promptly waterproof and dissipate heat when the electric motor is wading through water. During normal operation, the heat dissipation channels are unobstructed, and the electric motor dissipates heat efficiently. When wading through water, each component functions sequentially according to the water level to prevent water intrusion and maintain heat dissipation capacity. This ensures stable power output of the electric motor under complex operating conditions, avoids malfunctions caused by wading, such as short circuits and power reduction, guarantees normal vehicle operation, extends the service life of the electric motor, and provides strong support for the safe operation of new energy vehicles in various environments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the rotating shaft of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrophobic mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front cover assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front cover assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flipping component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of point B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the water-absorbing resin block after it has absorbed water to saturation, according to the present invention.

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 1. Rear end sealing cap; 2. Water-draining mechanism; 21. Air guide assembly; 211. Air guide frame; 212. Air outlet; 213. Insert plate; 214. Locking rod groove; 215. Heat dissipation cavity; 22. Expansion assembly; 221. Directional rod; 222. Water-absorbing resin block; 23. Adjustment assembly; 231. Arc-shaped seat; 232. Limiting strip; 233. Rope clamping groove; 234. End ball; 235. Adjusting rope; 236. Node 24. Ball; 241. Flip assembly; 242. Rotating rod; 243. Arc-shaped sealing plate; 2444. Rope threading groove; 3. Housing assembly; 31. Sealed outer shell; 32. Heat dissipation fins; 33. First vertical slot; 4. Front cover assembly; 41. Front sealing cover; 42. Hinge seat; 43. Diverter plate; 44. Second vertical slot; 45. Air vent; 5. Front cover assembly; 51. Fan cover; 52. Air inlet; 53. Fan; 6. Shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 12A waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles is provided, including a rear sealing cover 1, a housing assembly 3, a front cover assembly 4 and a front cover assembly 5 that are hinged to the rear sealing cover 1 in sequence. A rotating shaft 6 is provided inside the housing assembly 3. The rotating shaft 6 penetrates the front cover assembly 4 and extends to the outside of the front cover assembly 5. A water-repellent mechanism 2 is also provided outside the housing assembly 3. The water-repellent mechanism 2 is used to repel water when the electric motor is submerged in water.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 9 The water-draining mechanism 2 includes an air guide assembly 21, an expansion assembly 22, an adjustment assembly 23, and a flipping assembly 24. The expansion assembly 22 is used to absorb water when the lower end of the motor is submerged in water. When the expansion assembly 22 is saturated with water, the flipping assembly 24 is flipped by the adjustment assembly 23. The air guide assembly 21 is used to support the expansion assembly 22, the adjustment assembly 23, and the flipping assembly 24.

[0047] The air guide assembly 21 includes an air guide frame 211 hinged to the rear sealing cover 1. The upper end of the air guide frame 211 has multiple air outlets 212. The end of the air guide frame 211 near the housing assembly 3 is fixedly connected to multiple evenly distributed insert plates 213. The inner wall of the insert plate 213 has symmetrically arranged locking grooves 214. The interior of the insert plate 213 has a heat dissipation cavity 215.

[0048] Specifically, the air guide assembly 21 is used to carry and guide airflow. The air guide frame 211, which is hinged to the rear sealing cover 1, is the basic support structure of the entire air guide assembly 21, which is easy to disassemble and assemble. The clamping groove 214 provides precise positioning and stable support for the subsequent installation of other components, ensuring that each component can be accurately installed and work stably, and is also easy to disassemble and assemble. The heat dissipation cavity 215 is an important channel for airflow and heat exchange. It can contain air and make the air fully contact the housing assembly 3, thereby removing heat and realizing the heat dissipation function.

[0049] With the air guide component 21 in place, when the motor is in normal working environment and not in a water-related situation, the front cover component 5 generates airflow into the heat dissipation cavity 215 inside the slotted plate 213, which makes full contact with the surface of the housing component 3, carrying away the heat generated by the motor. The heat is then dissipated outward through the heat dissipation cavity 215, achieving normal heat dissipation for the motor. When the upper part of the motor is also in water, only the upper air outlet 212 can take in water. With the airflow generated by the front cover component 5 remaining unchanged, since part of the heat dissipation cavity 215 is sealed, the channel becomes smaller. According to the principle of fluid dynamics, the airflow speed increases. This rapidly flowing air can effectively prevent water from entering the upper heat dissipation cavity 215, and the air outlet 212 can still discharge some heat. Although part of the heat dissipation cavity 215 is sealed, the overall system can still maintain a certain heat dissipation capacity.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 7 The locking slot 214 includes a first locking slot and a second locking slot. The expansion component 22 is located in the heat dissipation cavity 215 with a single pair of first locking slots. The flipping component 24 is located in the heat dissipation cavity 215 with two pairs of second locking slots. The expansion component 22 includes a directional rod 221 that is snapped into the inner wall of the first locking slot. A water-absorbing resin block 222 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the directional rod 221. When the water-absorbing resin block 222 absorbs water, it can expand to twice its volume. The expanded water-absorbing resin block 222 fills the corresponding heat dissipation cavity 215.

[0051] Specifically, the directional rod 221 is securely installed on the inner wall of the first clamping groove by a snap-fit ​​mechanism, ensuring the stability of the directional rod 221's position during motor operation and preventing it from shifting due to vibration or other external forces. The directional rod 221 also supports and positions the absorbent resin block 222, providing a reliable adhesion base for the absorbent resin block 222. The absorbent resin block 222 is made of a highly absorbent resin material, such as sodium polyacrylate modified material. When the lower end of the motor accidentally gets wet, the absorbent resin block 222 quickly absorbs water. As the water is continuously absorbed, the molecular structure inside the absorbent resin block 222 changes, and it begins to gradually expand.

[0052] When the lower end of the motor is submerged in water, the water-absorbing resin block 222 in the expansion component 22 absorbs water. As the water absorption reaches saturation, its volume expands to twice its original size. Since the directional rod 221 is fixedly engaged in the inner wall of the first rod groove, its position will not shift. After the water-absorbing resin block 222 expands, it will fill the corresponding heat dissipation cavity 215, effectively preventing water from continuously entering and avoiding water damage to the inside of the motor.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 11 The flipping assembly 24 includes a rotating rod 241 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second lever groove. An arc-shaped sealing plate 242 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 241. After the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 is flipped, it seals the corresponding heat dissipation cavity 215. A rope-threading groove 243 is provided on the outer wall of the arc-shaped sealing plate 242.

[0054] Specifically, the rotating rod 241 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second locking groove, enabling it to drive the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 to flip under specific conditions. The arc-shaped sealing plate 242 is designed to be arc-shaped, which can better match the opening of the heat dissipation cavity 215. When it flips, it can more effectively seal the heat dissipation cavity 215. The two arc-shaped sealing plates 242 can be combined to seal one heat dissipation cavity 215.

[0055] By using the flipping component 24, the adjusting component 23 adjusts the arc-shaped sealing plate 242, causing it to rotate and flip over via the rotating rod 241 inside the second clamp groove. After flipping, the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 seals the corresponding heat dissipation cavity 215, preventing water from further entering the motor through the heat dissipation cavity 215.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 11 The adjusting component 23 includes an arc-shaped seat 231 fixedly installed between two adjacent insert pieces 213. Two symmetrically arranged limiting strips 232 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc-shaped seat 231, and a rope clamping groove 233 is formed between the two limiting strips 232. The adjusting component 23 also includes an adjusting rope 235 slidably connected inside the rope clamping groove 233. The adjusting rope 235 penetrates multiple arc-shaped sealing plates 242, and one section is located at the bottom of the corresponding water-absorbing resin block 222. Both ends of the adjusting rope 235 are fixedly connected to end balls 234. The two end balls 234 are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped seat 231 respectively. Multiple node balls 236 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting rope 235, and the multiple node balls 236 abut against the outer wall of the multiple arc-shaped sealing plates 242 respectively.

[0057] Specifically, when the adjusting rope 235 causes the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 to flip, the adjusting rope 235 will be embedded in the rope groove 243, so that the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 is completely sealed.

[0058] When the two topmost absorbent resin blocks 222 are saturated with water through the adjustment component 23, their bottoms are in contact with the adjustment rope 235. When they expand, they will squeeze the adjustment rope 235. The adjustment rope 235 is installed on the arc-shaped seat 231, which is provided with a limiting strip 232 to prevent the adjustment rope 235 from shaking during movement and to make its movement more stable. The adjustment rope 235 slides in the rope clamping groove 233, which acts as a limit for it. The end balls 234 at both ends of the adjustment rope 235 ensure that it will not fall out of the rope clamping groove 233. The adjustment rope 235 moves under the pressure of the absorbent resin blocks 222. The node balls 236 on its outer wall abut against the outer wall of the arc-shaped sealing plate 242. As the adjustment rope 235 moves, the node balls 236 push the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 to adjust.

[0059] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 5 The housing assembly 3 includes a sealed outer shell 31 hinged to the rear sealing cover 1. The outer wall of the sealed outer shell 31 is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed heat dissipation fins 32. The heat dissipation fins 32 are provided with a first vertical groove 33 on both sides.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 6The front cover assembly 4 includes a front sealing cover 41 hinged to the sealing shell 31. The outer wall of the front sealing cover 41 is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed hinge seats 42 and a plurality of diverter plates 43. The plurality of hinge seats 42 and the plurality of diverter plates 43 are alternately arranged. An air passage 45 is formed between the hinge seat 42 and the adjacent diverter plate 43. A second vertical groove 44 is provided on both sides of the diverter plate 43. The first vertical groove 33 communicates with the corresponding second vertical groove 44. Both ends of the insert piece 213 are slidably connected to the corresponding first vertical groove 33 and the second vertical groove 44.

[0061] With the housing assembly 3 and the front cover assembly 4 in place, when the motor is in normal working environment and has not encountered water, the wind generated by the front cover assembly 5 blows the air through the air vent 45 formed between the hinge seat 42 on the front sealing cover 41 and the diverter plate 43. After the air enters the heat dissipation cavity 215 inside the slot plate 213, it comes into full contact with the heat dissipation fins 32 on the outer wall of the sealing shell 31 and the surface of the sealing shell 31, thus carrying away the heat generated by the motor. The heat is dissipated outward through the heat dissipation cavity 215, achieving normal heat dissipation of the motor.

[0062] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 6 The front cover assembly 5 includes a fan cover 51 that is hinged to the hinge seat 42. The outer wall of the fan cover 51 has multiple air inlets 52. A fan 53 is installed inside the fan cover 51 and is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 6.

[0063] The rotation of the front cover assembly 5 and the rotating shaft 6 drives the fan 53 to operate synchronously. Outside air enters through the air inlet 52 on the fan cover 51, and the wind generated by the fan 53 blows the air to dissipate heat and drain water.

[0064] Working principle of the invention:

[0065] When the motor is in normal working environment and has not encountered water, the rotation of the shaft 6 drives the fan 53 to run synchronously. Outside air enters through the air inlet 52 on the fan cover 51. The air generated by the fan 53 blows the air through the air outlet 45 formed between the hinge seat 42 on the front sealing cover 41 and the diverter plate 43. After the air enters the heat dissipation cavity 215 inside the slot plate 213, it comes into full contact with the heat dissipation fins 32 on the outer wall of the sealing shell 31 and the surface of the sealing shell 31, carrying away the heat generated by the motor. The heat is dissipated outward through the heat dissipation cavity 215, realizing the normal heat dissipation of the motor.

[0066] When the lower end of the motor is submerged in water, the water-absorbing resin block 222 in the expansion component 22 will absorb water. As it reaches saturation, its volume expands to twice its original size. Since the directional rod 221 is fixedly engaged in the inner wall of the first rod groove, its position will not shift. After the water-absorbing resin block 222 expands, it will fill the corresponding heat dissipation cavity 215, effectively preventing water from continuously entering and avoiding water damage to the inside of the motor.

[0067] When the two topmost water-absorbing resin blocks 222 are saturated with water, they will compress the adjusting rope 235 when they expand because their bottoms are in contact with the adjusting rope 235. The adjusting rope 235 is installed on the arc-shaped seat 231, which is equipped with a limiting strip 232 to prevent the adjusting rope 235 from shaking during movement and to make its movement more stable. The adjusting rope 235 slides in the rope clamping groove 233, which acts as a limit for it. The end balls 234 at both ends of the adjusting rope 235 ensure that it will not fall out of the rope clamping groove 233.

[0068] The adjusting rope 235 moves under the pressure of the water-absorbing resin block 222, and the node ball 236 on its outer wall abuts against the outer wall of the arc-shaped sealing plate 242. As the adjusting rope 235 moves, the node ball 236 pushes the arc-shaped sealing plate 242, causing it to rotate through the rotating rod 241 on the inner wall of the second locking groove and flip over. After flipping, the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 seals the corresponding heat dissipation cavity 215, preventing water from further entering the motor through the heat dissipation cavity 215.

[0069] When the upper part of the motor is also submerged in water, water can only enter through the upper air outlet 212. With the air force generated by the fan 53 remaining unchanged, the channel becomes smaller due to the sealing of part of the heat dissipation cavity 215. According to the principle of fluid dynamics, the air speed increases. This rapidly flowing air can effectively prevent water from entering the upper heat dissipation cavity 215, and the air outlet 212 can still dissipate some heat. Although part of the heat dissipation cavity 215 is sealed, the whole can still maintain a certain heat dissipation capacity.

[0070] When the water wading situation ends, the moisture in the water-absorbing resin block 222 gradually evaporates and the volume shrinks. The adjusting rope 235 returns to its original position, and the arc-shaped sealing plate 242 also flips back to its initial position under the action of gravity. The motor resumes normal heat dissipation and working state.

[0071] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles, comprising a rear sealing cover (1), a housing assembly (3), a front cover assembly (4), and a front shield assembly (5) sequentially hinged to the rear sealing cover (1), wherein a rotating shaft (6) is disposed inside the housing assembly (3), the rotating shaft (6) penetrating the front cover assembly (4) and extending to the outside of the front shield assembly (5), characterized in that: It also includes a water-repellent mechanism (2) disposed outside the housing assembly (3), the water-repellent mechanism (2) being used to repel water when the motor is submerged in water; The hydrophobic mechanism (2) includes an air guide assembly (21), an expansion assembly (22), an adjustment assembly (23), and a flipping assembly (24). The expansion assembly (22) is used to absorb water when the lower end of the motor is submerged in water. When the expansion assembly (22) is saturated with water, the flipping assembly (24) is flipped by the adjustment assembly (23). The air guide assembly (21) is used to support the expansion assembly (22), the adjustment assembly (23), and the flipping assembly (24). The air guide assembly (21) includes an air guide frame (211) hinged to the rear sealing cover (1). The upper end of the air guide frame (211) is provided with multiple air outlets (212). The end of the air guide frame (211) near the housing assembly (3) is fixedly connected with multiple evenly distributed insert plates (213). The inner wall of the insert plate (213) is provided with symmetrically arranged locking grooves (214). The interior of the insert plate (213) is provided with a heat dissipation cavity (215).

2. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking slot (214) includes a first locking slot and a second locking slot. The expansion component (22) is located in a heat dissipation cavity (215) with a single pair of first locking slots. The flipping component (24) is located in a heat dissipation cavity (215) with two pairs of second locking slots. The expansion component (22) includes a directional rod (221) that is snapped into the inner wall of the first locking slot. A water-absorbing resin block (222) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the directional rod (221). The water-absorbing resin block (222) can expand to twice its volume when absorbing water. The expanded water-absorbing resin block (222) fills the corresponding heat dissipation cavity (215).

3. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flipping assembly (24) includes a rotating rod (241) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second lever groove. An arc-shaped sealing plate (242) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (241). After the arc-shaped sealing plate (242) is flipped, it seals the corresponding heat dissipation cavity (215). A rope-threading groove (243) is opened on the outer wall of the arc-shaped sealing plate (242).

4. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (23) includes an arc-shaped seat (231) fixedly installed between two adjacent insert pieces (213). The outer wall of the arc-shaped seat (231) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged limiting strips (232), and a rope clamping groove (233) is formed between the two limiting strips (232).

5. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (23) further includes an adjustment rope (235) slidably connected inside the rope clamping groove (233). The adjustment rope (235) penetrates multiple arc-shaped sealing plates (242), and one section is located at the bottom of the corresponding water-absorbing resin block (222). Both ends of the adjustment rope (235) are fixedly connected to end balls (234). The two end balls (234) are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped seats (231) respectively. Multiple node balls (236) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjustment rope (235). The multiple node balls (236) abut against the outer walls of the multiple arc-shaped sealing plates (242) respectively.

6. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing assembly (3) includes a sealed outer shell (31) hinged to the rear sealing cover (1). The outer wall of the sealed outer shell (31) is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed heat dissipation fins (32). The heat dissipation fins (32) are provided with a first vertical groove (33) on both sides.

7. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front cover assembly (4) includes a front sealing cover (41) hinged to the sealing shell (31). The outer wall of the front sealing cover (41) is fixedly connected with a plurality of evenly distributed hinge seats (42) and a plurality of diverter plates (43). The plurality of hinge seats (42) and the plurality of diverter plates (43) are alternately arranged. An air passage (45) is formed between the hinge seat (42) and the adjacent diverter plate (43). A second vertical groove (44) is provided on both sides of the diverter plate (43).

8. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first vertical groove (33) is connected to the corresponding second vertical groove (44), and both ends of the insert piece (213) are slidably connected to the corresponding first vertical groove (33) and second vertical groove (44).

9. The waterproof electric motor for driving new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front cover assembly (5) includes a fan cover (51) hinged to the hinge seat (42). The outer wall of the fan cover (51) is provided with a plurality of air inlets (52). A fan (53) is provided inside the fan cover (51). The fan (53) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (6).

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