Intelligent management prevention and control method aiming at millettia millettii harms

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural pest prevention and control, and particularly relates to an intelligent management prevention and control method for millettia millettii harms, which comprises the following steps: selecting points for a field, and arranging screening devices in ridge rows of millettia millettii; the screening device is used for regularly screening the number of insect bodies of the foxtail millet; according to the screened data, drawing a foxtail millet mud worm hazard thermodynamic diagram for a field, and determining a high-risk block in which the quantity of worm bodies exceeds a preset value; and taking prevention and control measures on the high-risk block, and repeating the steps after prevention and control to realize dynamic prevention and control management on the field millet. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the insect body number is screened by utilizing the characteristics that the millet-mallee millets like to climb on the back surfaces of the leaves and are easy to enter a false death state after being disturbed, and the millet-mallee millets hazard thermodynamic diagram is drawn according to the screened data, so that the pest outbreak area can be accurately determined, the drug use area and the drug use amount can be accurately guided, and the drug use amount can be accurately controlled. Therefore, the management level of millet production is improved, pesticide residues are reduced, and millet quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural pest control, specifically relating to an intelligent management and control method for the damage caused by the millet leaf beetle. Background Technology

[0002] Millet, as an important food crop, forage crop, and specialty economic crop in northern my country, possesses excellent characteristics such as drought resistance and tolerance to poor soil conditions, playing a crucial role in ensuring regional food security, optimizing agricultural planting structure, and increasing farmers' economic benefits. However, millet is susceptible to various pests and diseases during its growth cycle. Among them, the millet leaf beetle is one of the most serious leaf-eating pests. This pest is characterized by significant overlapping generations, rapid reproduction, and strong concealment of its damage, and the effectiveness of its control directly determines the yield and quality of millet.

[0003] Millet leaf beetles feed on the epidermis and mesophyll tissue of millet leaves in clusters or individually during the jointing stage, causing hollow damage. In severe cases, this can lead to the entire leaf turning yellow and losing its photosynthetic capacity, resulting in poor or no heading, and ultimately reduced yield or crop failure. Current control methods still rely primarily on manual inspection, checking the leaf axils or undersides of millet plants for insects. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and adult millet leaf beetles exhibit a feigning death behavior, falling into the soil if disturbed, making inspections ineffective. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an intelligent management and control method for the damage caused by millet leafminer, which can effectively improve inspection efficiency and avoid the effect of millet leafminer feigning death on inspection results.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A smart management and control method for the damage caused by the millet leaf beetle includes the following steps: S1. Select locations in the field and install screening devices in the rows of millet; S2. Regularly screen millet for insect numbers using a screening device; S3. Using the screened data, draw a heat map of millet leafminer damage in the field to identify high-risk areas where the number of insects exceeds the preset value; S4. Take preventive measures for high-risk areas, and repeat steps S2-S3 after prevention and control to achieve dynamic prevention and control management of field millet.

[0006] The screening device includes a tray and a camera. The tray has a rectangular structure and through holes on its surface for the millet to pass through in bundles. The upper end of the millet plant extends above the surface of the tray. The bottom of the tray is provided with support legs, which are inserted into the field soil to form a fixed position. The camera is suspended above the tray by a support rod.

[0007] A vibration motor is installed on the lower surface of the tray. The vibration motor drives the tray to shake the millet plants passing through the through holes. The millet leafhoppers are disturbed and enter a state of apparent death and fall into the tray. After the vibration ends, the camera takes a first image of the tray and takes a second image after a time T. The number of insects is obtained by comparing the first image and the second image.

[0008] The tray has a U-shaped structure, and the tray surface is concave downward to form a groove structure. The bottom surface of the groove includes an inclined groove and a receiving part along the horizontal plane. After the insect falls into the inclined groove, it slides down to the receiving part with vibration. The camera device is facing the receiving part to take pictures.

[0009] A heating wire is provided at the bottom of the tray, and the heating wire is located below the receiving part.

[0010] The inclined grooves are arranged in an L-shape and symmetrically on both sides of the diagonal of the tray. The high ends of the two sets of inclined grooves abut against the diagonal of the tray, and the receiving part is a rectangular structure connected to the low ends of the two sets of inclined grooves.

[0011] In step S1, the screening devices are arranged in an array in the rows, with a spacing of 10-15 rows per column, and the screening devices in the same column are spaced 10-15m apart.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention utilizes the characteristic of millet leafhoppers that they like to cling to the underside of leaves and easily enter a state of suspended animation when disturbed to screen for insect numbers. The data obtained from the screening is used to create a heat map of millet leafhopper damage, which can accurately determine the area of ​​pest outbreak. This allows for precise guidance on the area and amount of pesticides to be applied, thereby improving the management level of millet production, reducing pesticide residues, and improving millet quality. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the setup of the screening device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tray structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the screening device; Figure 4 This is a top-down view of the tray and the row of rows in operation. In the attached diagram, 1 is the tray, 2 is the camera device, 3 is the through hole, 4 is the support leg, 5 is the support rod, 6 is the vibration motor, 7 is the inclined groove, 8 is the receiving part, and 9 is the mesh cover. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides an intelligent management and control method for the damage caused by millet leaf beetles, comprising the following steps: S1. Select locations in the field and install screening devices in the rows of millet; S2. Regularly screen millet for insect numbers using a screening device; S3. Using the screened data, draw a heat map of millet leafminer damage in the field to identify high-risk areas where the number of insects exceeds the preset value; S4. Take preventive measures for high-risk areas, and repeat steps S2-S3 after prevention and control to achieve dynamic prevention and control management of field millet.

[0015] In this invention, points are selected in the field during operation, allowing the screening devices to be arranged in an array, thereby dividing the field into multiple grid-like areas, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the number of insects is then screened once a day or every two days. The screening data is used to create a heat map based on the shape of the field to determine the area and severity of the infestation. An early warning value is set based on the number of millet plants monitored by the screening device, which is generally the number of plants * 3. If the early warning value is exceeded, targeted chemical or biological control measures can be taken for high-risk areas. This can reduce labor, reduce pesticide use, and avoid the increased costs and harmful substance pollution caused by large-scale pesticide use, thus realizing intelligent control and management of millet leafminer in the field.

[0016] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the screening device includes a tray 1 and a camera device 2. The tray 1 has a rectangular structure and a through hole 3 on the surface of the tray 1 for the millet to pass through in bundles. The upper end of the millet plant extends out of the tray 1. The bottom surface of the tray 1 is provided with a support leg 4, which is inserted into the field soil to form a fixed position. The camera device 2 is suspended above the tray 1 by means of a support rod 5.

[0017] When using the tray 1 of the present invention, the tray 1 is placed across the ridge, and the personnel gather the rice seedlings on the ridge into a bundle and pass them through the through hole 3 of the tray 1 so that the outer wall of the tray 1 does not come into contact with other rice seedlings on the ridge. The supporting legs 4 and supporting rods 5 are respectively inserted into the open space between the ridges to avoid damaging the rice seedlings.

[0018] The support leg 4 is equipped with a rod at the bottom. The rod and the hollow support leg 4 are fitted together to form a telescopic fit. The side wall of the support leg 4 is provided with a positioning bolt. The rod and the support leg 4 are connected by the positioning bolt to form an adjustable telescopic connection. By adjusting the height of the support leg 4, the height of the tray 1 can be adapted to rice seedlings of different growth stages and heights.

[0019] A buffer spring is provided between the support leg 4 and the tray 1. The buffer spring isolates the vibration transmission between the tray 1 and the support leg 4, preventing the support leg 4 from detaching from the soil.

[0020] Furthermore, a vibration motor 6 is provided on the lower surface of the tray 1. The vibration motor 6 drives the tray 1 to shake the millet plants passing through the through hole 3. The millet leafhoppers are disturbed and enter a state of apparent death and fall into the tray 1. After the vibration ends, the camera device 2 takes a first image of the tray 1 and takes a second image after a time T. The number of insects is obtained by comparing the first image and the second image.

[0021] When monitoring is required, the vibration motor 6 is powered on for 5-10 seconds. The tray 1 then shakes, and the millet seedlings to be tested are confined within the through-hole 3. As the sidewall of the through-hole 3 shakes the millet seedlings, the millet leafhoppers, which are concentrated in the leaf heart and on the back of the top three to four new leaves, are disturbed and enter a state of suspended animation. The suspended animation millet leafhoppers fall into the tray 1. After the vibration motor 6 is powered off and stopped, the camera device 2 takes a first image to obtain an image of the suspended animation millet leafhoppers. Then, the image is left to stand still for a time T, which is 5-10 minutes, until the millet leafhoppers recover and leave the tray 1. A second image is then taken. By comparing the first and second images, the number of insects missing from the first image in the second image can be counted to obtain the number of millet leafhoppers that fell into the tray 1.

[0022] To prevent debris such as broken leaves from falling into tray 1 and causing interference, Figure 3 As shown, a funnel-shaped net 9 is set up to cover the top of the millet seedlings. The mesh diameter of the net 9 is 8-10mm, which allows millet leafhoppers (body length not exceeding 5mm) to pass through, and can also block broken leaves, which can reduce the number of times personnel can patrol. Patrols can be carried out only when the leaves cover a large area.

[0023] Furthermore, the tray 1 has a U-shaped structure, and the tray 1 is recessed downward to form a groove structure. The bottom surface of the groove includes an inclined groove 7 and a receiving part 8 along the horizontal plane. After the insect falls into the inclined groove 7, it slides down to the receiving part 8 with vibration, and the camera device 2 takes pictures towards the receiving part 8.

[0024] Tray 1 has a trough-shaped structure, and its bottom, such as Figure 2The image shows an inclined state. With the help of the inclined tray 1, as vibration occurs, the millet worms that have fallen into the tray and are in a state of apparent death can be shaken to the bottom of the inclined groove 7 and enter the receiving part 8. The receiving part 8 is located in the horizontal plane with the help of the support legs 4. After the millet worms appear to be dead, their legs retract for a short time, forming an ellipsoid. By slightly vibrating the receiving part 8 in the horizontal plane, they can achieve a non-overlapping state. Subsequently, taking pictures of the receiving part 8 can reduce the difficulty of subsequent image recognition, save computing resources, and improve the accuracy of judgment. Furthermore, with the release of the millet worms from their state of apparent death and the worms leaving on their own, the worms can be quickly located by comparing the images before and after, reducing the time required to judge the number of worms and improving the accuracy of judgment.

[0025] Furthermore, a heating wire is provided at the bottom of the tray 1, located below the receiving part 8. The heating wire can heat the receiving part 8 to 45°-50°, which can be used after the first image is captured, effectively driving away millet weevils from the receiving part 8 and providing conditions for obtaining an accurate second image.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inclined groove 7 has an L-shaped structure and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the diagonal of the tray 1. The high ends of the two sets of inclined grooves 7 abut against each other along the diagonal of the tray 1. The receiving part 8 has a rectangular structure and is connected to the low ends of the two sets of inclined grooves 7.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, tray 1 is set up in a diamond shape on the ridge. Since vibration will cause millet leafhoppers to scatter due to stress, the tray 1, which is set in a U-shape, collects the insects that have detached from the back of the leaves. The insects are transported to the receiving part 8 under the action of vibration and gravity by two sets of inclined grooves 7. This avoids photographing the entire tray 1, prevents the millet leaves from blocking the view, and improves the success rate of the photograph.

[0028] The screening device can be equipped with a solar power supply device independently or in groups to power the equipment. The images captured by the camera device 2 are transmitted back to the data terminal wirelessly. The data terminal processes the images and draws a heat map for management personnel to interpret and carry out subsequent prevention and control measures.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in step S1, the screening devices are arranged in an array in the rows, with a spacing of 10-15 rows per column, and the screening devices within the same column are spaced 10-15m apart. This array arrangement provides data support for the subsequent heat map of insect distribution. By using the screening devices of this invention, effective pest monitoring can be achieved, and the number of personnel inspections can be effectively reduced, thus improving the level of intelligent pest management.

Claims

1. A smart management and control method for millet leaf beetle damage, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Select locations in the field and install screening devices in the rows of millet; S2. Regularly screen millet for insect numbers using a screening device; S3. Using the screened data, draw a heat map of millet leafminer damage in the field to identify high-risk areas where the number of insects exceeds the preset value; S4. Take preventive measures for high-risk areas, and repeat steps S2-S3 after prevention and control to achieve dynamic prevention and control management of field millet.

2. The prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening device includes a tray (1) and a camera device (2). The tray (1) has a rectangular structure and a through hole (3) on the surface of the tray (1) for the millet to pass through in bundles. The upper end of the millet plant extends above the surface of the tray (1). The bottom surface of the tray (1) is provided with a support leg (4) and is fixed by inserting it into the field soil with the help of the support leg (4). The camera device (2) is suspended above the tray (1) by means of a support rod (5).

3. The prevention and control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower surface of the tray (1) is provided with a vibration motor (6). The vibration motor (6) drives the tray (1) to shake the millet plant that passes through the through hole (3). The millet leafhopper is disturbed and enters a state of apparent death and falls into the tray (1). After the vibration ends, the camera device (2) takes a first image of the tray (1) and takes a second image after a time T. The number of insects is obtained by comparing the first image and the second image.

4. The prevention and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tray (1) has a U-shaped structure. The tray (1) has a downward-facing recessed groove structure. The bottom surface of the groove includes an inclined groove (7) and a receiving part (8) along the horizontal plane. After the insect falls into the inclined groove (7), it slides down to the receiving part (8) with vibration. The camera device (2) takes pictures towards the receiving part (8).

5. The prevention and control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the tray (1) is provided with a heating wire, which is located below the receiving part (8).

6. The prevention and control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclined groove (7) is arranged in an L-shaped structure on both sides of the diagonal of the tray (1). The high end of the two sets of inclined grooves (7) abuts along the diagonal of the tray (1). The receiving part (8) is in a rectangular structure and is connected to the low end of the two sets of inclined grooves (7).

7. The prevention and control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the screening devices are arranged in an array in the rows, with a spacing of 10-15 rows per column, and the screening devices in the same column are spaced 10-15m apart.

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