Ecological breeding management system based on electronic identification

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological breeding management system based on an electronic identifier, and the system comprises a radio frequency switch matrix module, a phase extraction and covariance matrix construction module, an edge angle calculation module, an LoRa / NB-IoT return module, a solar power supply module and the like, supports the MUSIC / ESPRIT super-resolution algorithm to carry out angle estimation, and combines a cloud triangulation positioning and behavior recognition model to carry out angle estimation. In addition, the foot ring is internally provided with a pressure mutual induction mechanism, can sense the thickness change of legs and assist in judging the maturity, has the advantages of being low in power consumption, long in endurance, capable of automatically adapting to growth and the like, and is suitable for intelligent ecological breeding management of livestock such as ducks and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological breeding, and in particular to an ecological breeding management system based on electronic identification. BACKGROUND

[0002] When breeding duck groups, in order to make the duck groups have sufficient activity, a certain activity space is generally given to the sub-groups. With the advent of the intelligent breeding era, setting up leg rings for the duck groups to locate, identify and monitor the state of the duck groups has become the most common breeding method.

[0003] At present, the leg rings on the market generally have the functions of identification, step counting, positioning and the like. However, due to the fast growth of duck groups, the leg rings need to have certain diameter adaptive capacity. Patent No. 202123262476.7 discloses a poultry leg ring with adjustable size, which comprises a leg ring body in the form of a closed ring. The leg ring body comprises a C-shaped plastic ring body and an adjusting seat which are integrally connected. One end of the C-shaped plastic ring body is integrally connected to one end of the adjusting seat, and the other end of the C-shaped plastic ring body is provided with a buckle. The C-shaped plastic ring body is a bendable structure. The other end of the adjusting seat extends towards the other end of the C-shaped plastic ring body, and a gap is maintained between the other end of the adjusting seat and the other end of the C-shaped plastic ring body. The inner side of the adjusting seat is provided with two or more than two clamping grooves, and all the clamping grooves are arranged at intervals from one end of the adjusting seat towards the other end of the adjusting seat. The buckle is detachably buckled into any clamping groove to adjust the effective use size of the leg ring body. The main function is to adjust the effective use size of the leg ring by cooperation of the C-shaped plastic ring body and the adjusting seat. At least two clamping grooves are provided on the adjusting seat, and the buckle is adjustably arranged in the clamping groove, so that the effective use size of the leg ring can be flexibly adjusted.

[0004] However, the leg ring in the above patent needs to be manually adjusted, and the adjustment radius is stepwise, which is not only extremely troublesome to use, but also cannot adapt to the size at all times. In addition, some leg rings are installed with elastic bands. This structure has the problems of easy falling off in the early stage and tightness causing discomfort and leading to voluntary destruction of the ducks in the later stage. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problems in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an ecological breeding management system based on electronic identification.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problem is: The ecological breeding management system based on electronic identification comprises: A distributed antenna array unit is arranged above the breeding area at a height of ≥3m. The array unit comprises a plurality of circularly polarized patch antennas, and the distance between adjacent units is 0.5λ. The array unit is used to receive the broadcast packet and generate a plurality of original radio frequency signals. A radio frequency switch matrix module, electrically connected to the several original radio frequency signals, for sequentially selecting each antenna unit in ≤250ns switching time slots within a CTE duration of 32μs, outputting a single-channel time-series radio frequency signal; A phase extraction and covariance matrix construction module, for zero-IF or low-IF down-conversion of the single-channel time-series radio frequency signal and obtaining I / Q baseband samples, and further constructing a 16×16 covariance matrix R; An edge angle resolving module, running MUSIC or ESPRIT super-resolution algorithm to perform spectral peak search on the covariance matrix R, outputting azimuth angle θ and elevation angle φ; An edge-cloud collaborative gateway, integrating LoRa / NB-IoT backhaul unit, for packaging the θ, φ, RSSI, livestock ID into ≤128 bytes UDP frames, and uploading to the cloud through LoRaWAN 470MHz band with ≤10min period; A solar self-power supply module, including a 6W photovoltaic panel and a 3.7V 18650 battery pack, for providing offline ≥72h endurance for the antenna array unit and the edge angle resolving module; A cloud positioning and abnormal alarm platform, for real-time calculation of two-dimensional plane coordinates (x, y) of livestock according to θ, φ, RSSI using triangulation algorithm, and triggering escape / alarm when the coordinate drift speed >1.5m / s or the livestock leaves the electronic fence; A Bluetooth leg ring, worn on the leg of livestock, for continuously emitting broadcast packets containing MAC address, motion steps and leg thickness with ≤1s broadcast period, and appending a constant tone extension field at the end of the packet, which is set on the duck leg and includes a seat body and a top cover that can rotate relative to each other, a pressure mutual sensing mechanism partially exposed and partially built-in between the seat body and the top cover, when the duck leg grows thicker, the pressure mutual sensing mechanism retracts, the seat body and the top cover rotate relative to each other, the external part of the pressure mutual sensing mechanism releases pressure and the internal part increases pressure and drives the seat body and the top cover to rotate relative to each other, the degree of rotation can be obtained to know the leg thickness, so as to determine whether the duck is mature.

[0007] As preferred, the seat body is a circular ring structure, and a plurality of arc-shaped placing grooves are arranged on the seat body in an array; the side wall of the placing groove is provided with an arc-shaped baffle with a width smaller than that of the placing groove and an arc smaller than that of the placing groove; an inner balloon and an elastic rope are arranged in the placing groove; a top cover is arranged on the top surface of the seat body, and the bottom of the top cover is provided with an L-shaped plate; the L-shaped plate extends into the placing groove and is limited below the arc-shaped baffle by rotating; one end of the elastic rope is connected to the side wall of the placing groove, and the other end of the elastic rope is connected to the L-shaped plate, so that the inner balloon is pulled back by the elastic rope and is squeezed; the inner side wall of the placing groove is provided with a hollow connecting head, the inner balloon is connected to the connecting head, and an outer balloon is connected to the outside of the connecting head; the inner balloon and the outer balloon are communicated through the connecting head; when the inner balloon is squeezed, the outer balloon becomes larger and is attached to the duck leg; when the duck leg becomes thicker, the outer balloon is compressed, the inner balloon becomes larger and pushes the L-shaped plate to slide along the placing groove; and the seat body and the top cover are relatively rotated.

[0008] As preferred, the seat body is further provided with a mounting groove, and the mounting groove is provided with a power supply, an electronic device and a sensing device.

[0009] As preferred, the electronic device comprises a chip connected to the power supply, and the chip is integrated with a Bluetooth module.

[0010] As preferred, the sensing device comprises an acceleration sensor and a Hall sensor, and the top cover is provided with a circular arc-shaped magnetic steel block.

[0011] As preferred, a solar panel is embedded on the top cover, and the solar panel is connected to the chip through a power line and charges the power supply through a charging circuit on the chip.

[0012] Specifically, the circularly polarized patch antenna adopts a Rogers4350B substrate, and an axis ratio ≤1.5dB is realized through a 45° corner cutting perturbation structure, so as to improve the multipath suppression capability in the rain, fog and metal shed scene.

[0013] Specifically, the radio frequency switch matrix module adopts two ADRF5519A type SP8T switches in cascade, and a 3-bit Gray code address line is generated through an FPGA to realize a switching time ≤200ns, so as to ensure that there is no point loss in the 16 antenna polling in the CTE time slot; two ADRF5519A type SP8T switches are connected in cascade with one SP2T switch; wherein, the 16 circularly polarized patch antennas are divided into two groups, and the antennas in each group are respectively connected to the radio frequency output ports of one SP8T switch; the common output ends of the two SP8T switches are respectively connected to the two radio frequency input ports of the SP2T switch; and the common output end of the SP2T switch outputs a single time sequence radio frequency signal.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: High-precision positioning: 16-element antenna array and MUSIC super-resolution algorithm are adopted to realize angle measurement accuracy better than 1°, combined with triangulation, the plane positioning accuracy can reach sub-millimeter level; Strong anti-interference capability: circularly polarized antenna and phase compensation technology effectively suppress the multipath effect in rain, fog, metal shed and other environments, ensuring the stability and robustness of the system; Weak network adaptability: through edge computing, high-load angle calculation is completed locally, only the result data is transmitted back through low-power wide-area network (LoRaWAN), which perfectly adapts to the weak network scene in rural and pastoral areas; Multi-functional foot ring: the foot ring not only realizes the acquisition of basic data, but also realizes the self-adaptive change of inner diameter and the calculation of duck leg thickness with changes, so as to judge the growth stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only drawn for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the application, and in addition, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

[0016] Figure 1 The system block diagram of the present application; Figure 2 The perspective view of the present application; Figure 3 The exploded view of the present application; Figure 4 The perspective view of the seat body; Figure 5 The perspective view of the top cover; In the figure: 10, seat body; 101, placing groove; 102, baffle; 103, mounting groove; 20, top cover; 201, L-shaped plate; 30, built-in balloon; 40, external balloon; 50, Hall sensor; 60, chip; 70, power supply; 80, magnetic steel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the descriptions are only descriptive, exemplary and should not be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present application.

[0018] It should be noted that similar reference numerals represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it can not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. EMBODIMENT

[0019] This embodiment mainly describes the title of the ecological breeding management system based on electronic identification, which is as follows: like Figures 1-5 As shown, the ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification has a distributed antenna array unit deployed at a height of ≥3m above the aquaculture area. The array unit includes several circularly polarized patch antennas with a spacing of 0.5λ-half a wavelength between adjacent units, used to receive the broadcast packets and generate several raw radio frequency signals. The radio frequency switch matrix module is electrically connected to the several original radio frequency signals and is used to sequentially select each antenna element with a switching time slot of ≤250ns within the CTE duration of 32μs, and output a single-channel timing radio frequency signal. The phase extraction and covariance matrix construction module is used to perform zero-IF or low-IF downconversion on the single-channel timing RF signal and obtain I / Q baseband samples, thereby constructing a 16×16 covariance matrix R. The edge angle calculation module runs the MUSIC or ESPRIT super-resolution algorithm to perform spectral peak search on the covariance matrix R and outputs the azimuth angle θ and elevation angle φ. The edge-cloud collaborative gateway integrates a LoRa / NB-IoT backhaul unit to package the θ, φ, RSSI, and livestock ID into ≤128-byte UDP frames and upload them to the cloud via the LoRaWAN 470MHz band at a cycle of ≤10 minutes. The solar self-powered module, including a 6W photovoltaic panel and a 3.7V 18650 battery pack, is used to provide offline power for the antenna array unit and edge angle calculation module for ≥72 hours. The cloud-based positioning and anomaly alarm platform is used to calculate the two-dimensional plane coordinates (x, y) of livestock in real time using a triangulation algorithm based on θ, φ, and RSSI, and to trigger a loop breakage / escape alarm when the coordinate drift speed is greater than 1.5 m / s or the livestock leaves the electronic fence. A Bluetooth ankle bracelet, worn on the legs of livestock, continuously transmits broadcast packets containing the MAC address, step count, and leg thickness at a broadcast cycle of ≤1 second, with a constant tone extension field appended to the end of the packet. It is mounted on the duck leg and includes a rotatable base 10 and a top cover 20. A pressure sensing mechanism is partially exposed and partially built into the base 10 and top cover 20. As the duck leg grows thicker, the pressure sensing mechanism retracts, causing the base 10 and top cover 20 to rotate. The external part of the pressure sensing mechanism releases pressure while the internal part increases pressure, driving the base 10 and top cover 20 to rotate. The degree of rotation indicates the thickness of the duck leg, thus determining whether the duck is mature.

[0020] Preferably, the seat 10 has a circular structure with several arrayed arc-shaped placement slots 101. The sidewalls of the placement slots 101 have arc-shaped baffles 102 with a width and curvature smaller than the placement slot 101. An internal balloon 30 and an elastic rope are placed inside the placement slots 101. The top cover 20 is abutted against the top surface of the seat 10, and an L-shaped plate 201 is provided at the bottom of the top cover 20. The L-shaped plate 201 extends into the placement slots 101 and rotates to be limited below the arc-shaped baffles 102. One end of the elastic rope is connected to the sidewall of the placement slot 101, and the other end of the elastic rope... The end is connected to the L-shaped plate 201, so that the built-in balloon 30 is pulled back by the elastic rope and squeezed. The inner side wall of the placement groove 101 is provided with a hollow connector. The built-in balloon 30 is connected to the connector and the outer side of the connector is connected to the outer balloon 40. The built-in balloon 30 and the outer balloon 40 are connected through the connector. When the built-in balloon 30 is squeezed, the outer balloon 40 becomes larger and sticks to the duck leg. When the duck leg becomes thicker, the outer balloon 40 is compressed, and the built-in balloon 30 becomes larger and pushes the L-shaped plate 201 to slide along the placement groove 101. The seat 10 and the top cover 20 rotate relative to each other.

[0021] Preferably, the base 10 is also provided with a mounting groove 103, which contains a power supply 70, electronic devices and sensing devices.

[0022] Preferably, the electronic device includes a chip 60 connected to a power source 70, and the chip 60 integrates a Bluetooth module.

[0023] Preferably, the sensing device includes an accelerometer and a Hall sensor 50, and the top cover 20 is provided with an arc-shaped magnet 80.

[0024] Preferably, a solar panel is embedded in the top cover 20, which is connected to the chip 60 via a power cord and charges the power supply 70 through the charging circuit on the chip 60.

[0025] Specifically, the circularly polarized patch antenna uses a Rogers4350B substrate and achieves an axial ratio of ≤1.5dB through a 45° chamfered perturbation structure to improve multipath suppression capabilities in rain, fog, and metal roof scenarios.

[0026] Specifically, the RF switch matrix module uses two ADRF5519A SP8T switches cascaded together, and uses an FPGA to generate 3-bit Gray code address lines to achieve a switching time of ≤200ns, thereby ensuring that there are no dropped points in the polling of 16 antennas within the CTE time slot; the two ADRF5519A SP8T switches are cascaded with one SP2T switch; the 16 circularly polarized patch antennas are divided into two groups, and the antennas in each group are connected to the RF output port of one SP8T switch; the common output terminal of the two SP8T switches is connected to the two RF input ports of the SP2T switch; the common output terminal of the SP2T switch outputs a single-channel timing RF signal.

[0027] Specifically, the Bluetooth ankle bracelet includes an nRF52832 system-in-package and a broadcast power set to 0 dBm to achieve an average current of ≤5 mA and a battery life of ≥30 days.

[0028] Specifically, the phase extraction module samples the I / Q signals at a rate of 8 MSPS inside the FPGA and outputs a 14-bit phase difference Δφ through the CORDIC pipeline.

[0029] Specifically, the edge-cloud collaborative gateway caches ≥24 h of original phase data in the local SD card and automatically resumes transmission after a public network interruption is recovered.

[0030] Specifically, the cloud platform further includes a behavior recognition model, which takes time series θ and φ as input and outputs livestock behavior labels through a 1D-CNN network.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

Claims

1. An ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification, characterized in that, include: A distributed antenna array unit is deployed at a height of ≥3m above the aquaculture area. The array unit includes several circularly polarized patch antennas with a spacing of 0.5λ between adjacent units. It is used to receive the broadcast packets and generate several raw radio frequency signals. The radio frequency switch matrix module is electrically connected to the several original radio frequency signals and is used to sequentially select each antenna element with a switching time slot of ≤250ns within the CTE duration of 32μs, and output a single-channel timing radio frequency signal. The phase extraction and covariance matrix construction module is used to perform zero-IF or low-IF downconversion on the single-channel timing RF signal and obtain I / Q baseband samples, thereby constructing a 16×16 covariance matrix R. The edge angle calculation module runs the MUSIC or ESPRIT super-resolution algorithm to perform spectral peak search on the covariance matrix R and outputs the azimuth angle θ and elevation angle φ. The edge-cloud collaborative gateway integrates a LoRa / NB-IoT backhaul unit to package the θ, φ, RSSI, and livestock ID into ≤128-byte UDP frames and upload them to the cloud via the LoRaWAN 470MHz band at a cycle of ≤10 minutes. The solar S-module, including a 6W photovoltaic panel and a 3.7V 18650 battery pack, is used to provide offline power for the antenna array unit and edge angle calculation module for ≥72 hours. The cloud-based positioning and anomaly alarm platform is used to calculate the two-dimensional plane coordinates (x, y) of livestock in real time using a triangulation algorithm based on θ, φ, and RSSI, and to trigger a loop breakage / escape alarm when the coordinate drift speed is greater than 1.5 m / s or the livestock leaves the electronic fence. A Bluetooth ankle bracelet, worn on the legs of livestock, continuously transmits broadcast packets containing the MAC address, step count, and leg thickness at a broadcast cycle of ≤1 second, with a constant tone extension field appended to the end of the packet. It is mounted on the duck's leg and includes a rotatable base and top cover. A pressure sensing mechanism is partially exposed and partially built into the base and top cover. As the duck's leg grows thicker, the pressure sensing mechanism retracts, causing the base and top cover to rotate. The external pressure of the mechanism releases pressure while the internal pressure increases, driving the base and top cover to rotate. The degree of rotation indicates the thickness of the duck's leg, thus determining whether the duck is mature.

2. The ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seat is a circular structure with several arrayed arc-shaped placement slots. The side walls of the placement slots have arc-shaped baffles with a width and curvature smaller than the placement slots. Inside each placement slot is a built-in balloon and an elastic rope. The top cover is attached to the top surface of the seat and has an L-shaped plate at its bottom. The L-shaped plate extends into the placement slot and rotates to be limited below the arc-shaped baffle. One end of the elastic rope is connected to the side wall of the placement slot, and the other end is connected to the L-shaped plate, causing the built-in balloon to be pulled back and compressed by the elastic rope. The inner side wall of the placement slot has a hollow connector. The built-in balloon is connected to the connector, and an external balloon is connected to the outside of the connector. The built-in balloon and the external balloon are connected through the connector. When the built-in balloon is compressed, the external balloon expands and adheres to the duck leg. When the duck leg thickens, the external balloon is compressed, and the built-in balloon expands, pushing the L-shaped plate to slide along the placement slot. The seat and the top cover rotate relative to each other.

3. The ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The base is also equipped with a mounting slot, which contains a power supply, electronic devices, and a sensing device.

4. The ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a chip that is connected to a power source, and the chip integrates a Bluetooth module.

5. The ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensing device includes an accelerometer and a Hall sensor, and the top cover has an arc-shaped magnet.

6. The ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification according to claim 1, characterized in that, A solar panel is embedded in the top cover, which is connected to the chip via a power cord and charges the power source through the charging circuit on the chip.

7. The ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circularly polarized patch antenna uses a Rogers4350B substrate and achieves an axial ratio of ≤1.5dB through a 45° chamfered perturbation structure to improve multipath suppression capabilities in rain, fog, and metal roof scenarios.

8. The ecological aquaculture management system based on electronic identification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The RF switch matrix module uses two ADRF5519A SP8T switches cascaded together, and uses an FPGA to generate 3-bit Gray code address lines to achieve a switching time of ≤200ns, thereby ensuring no dropped points during polling of the 16 antennas within the CTE time slot. The two ADRF5519A SP8T switches are cascaded with one SP2T switch. The 16 circularly polarized patch antennas are divided into two groups, and the antennas in each group are connected to the RF output port of one SP8T switch. The common output terminal of the two SP8T switches is connected to the two RF input ports of the SP2T switch. The common output terminal of the SP2T switch outputs a single-channel timing RF signal.

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