A detachable bridge pier floating anti-collision steering device

Abstract

The application discloses a detachable pier floating anti-collision steering device, which comprises a first energy dissipation mechanism, a second energy dissipation mechanism and a third energy dissipation mechanism arranged in sequence from outside to inside; the first energy dissipation mechanism is an external frame structure formed by connecting a plurality of fixed cages through a detachable structure; the fixed cage is internally provided with an anti-collision buffer device; the third energy dissipation mechanism comprises a plurality of structural units rotatable along their own axes, and the structural units are arranged in a circumferential direction of the pier to form an annular framework structure; the outer periphery of the annular framework structure is provided with an elastic buffer body with a guiding function; the second energy dissipation mechanism is hinged between the first energy dissipation mechanism and the third energy dissipation mechanism, so that the first energy dissipation mechanism can produce adaptive movement when being impacted by a ship, thereby guiding and deflecting the ship heading. The device has good environmental adaptability, maintainability and continuous collision resistance, and is particularly suitable for bridge protection scenes in complex navigation water areas and water level frequently changing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge protection technology, and in particular to a detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers. Background Technology

[0002] Existing bridge pier collision protection devices are mostly limited to passive buffering and energy absorption mechanisms, lacking the ability to actively intervene in the trajectory of ships. After the initial collision, they are difficult to effectively change the ship's course, making them highly susceptible to secondary or even multiple collisions due to the ship's own inertia, maneuvering failure, or water currents. This results in repeated impacts on the bridge pier structure, leading to cumulative and aggravated damage. Especially in complex navigable waters, such as narrow channels, rapid currents, or nearshore and estuary areas with frequent tidal changes, traditional collision protection facilities cannot perform their flow guidance and direction-guiding functions, making it difficult to cope with the risk of continuous collisions. In addition, conventional devices mostly adopt an integrated fixed structure, resulting in high maintenance and replacement costs. Furthermore, after installation, they cannot be adaptively adjusted to dynamic changes in water level or different ship drafts. During the flood season, when water levels rise, tidal ranges are significant, or large ships pass through, the collision protection structure is often submerged or exceeds its effective range, leading to a significant decrease in protective performance. These problems are particularly prominent in the application scenarios of marine engineering platform equipment. Since offshore platforms are often in harsh environments with large waves, high current speeds, and dense ship operations, the protection system not only needs to have high energy absorption capacity, but also needs to achieve course guidance and dynamic adaptability after impact. However, traditional bridge pier anti-collision devices are difficult to meet the higher requirements of marine engineering equipment for safety and reliability in terms of structural adjustability, environmental adaptability, and active flow guidance function. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers includes a primary energy dissipation mechanism, a secondary energy dissipation mechanism, and a tertiary energy dissipation mechanism arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0006] The primary energy dissipation mechanism is an external frame structure consisting of several fixed cages connected by a detachable structure; the fixed cages are equipped with anti-collision buffer devices.

[0007] The three-stage energy dissipation mechanism includes several structural units that can rotate along their own axes. Each structural unit is arranged around the circumference of the bridge pier to form a ring-shaped skeleton structure. The outer periphery of the ring-shaped skeleton structure is provided with an elastic buffer body with a guiding function.

[0008] The secondary energy dissipation mechanism is hinged to the outside of the primary energy dissipation mechanism and to the tertiary energy dissipation mechanism, so that the primary energy dissipation mechanism can generate adaptive movement when it is hit by a ship, thereby effectively guiding and deflecting the ship's course.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-collision buffer device is an anti-collision floating barrel; the interior of the anti-collision floating barrel can be selectively filled with contents of different materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing cage is a steel cage welded from square steel.

[0011] Furthermore, the detachable structure includes several fasteners and several connecting plates. The two ends of the connecting plates are respectively connected to the fasteners of the adjacent reinforcing cages, so that the adjacent reinforcing cages are connected in series through the cooperation of the fasteners and the connecting plates to form the external frame structure. The external frame structure adopts a triangular frame structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the secondary energy dissipation mechanism includes several flexible connecting rods; one end of each flexible connecting rod is radially and uniformly hinged to the outer periphery of the annular frame structure via a hinge assembly; the other end is hinged to the steel cage of the triangular frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the ring-shaped frame structure is formed by multiple steel pipes arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the pier, and the upper and lower ends of any steel pipe are connected to fixed supports set on the pier through bearings.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic buffer is a spiral structure; the upper and lower ends of the spiral structure along the central axis of the annular skeleton structure are respectively connected to the fixed support.

[0015] Furthermore, the spiral structure forms a spiral track on the annular skeleton structure, and the hinge assembly is slidably disposed within the spiral track and is capable of sliding along the extension direction of the spiral track.

[0016] Furthermore, the hinge assembly includes a ball head, a connector, and two rollers; the upper and lower ends of the connector extend axially and are inserted into the gap between the elastic buffer and the annular skeleton structure to form a radial limiting structure;

[0017] Two rollers are symmetrically arranged on one side of the connector facing the spiral track and are rotatably in contact with the surface of the annular skeleton structure; the other side of the connector is connected to a ball head.

[0018] Furthermore, the surface of the steel cage is covered with an anti-corrosion coating, and the joints are filled with sealant.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers of the present invention, through a multi-level collaborative energy dissipation structure, can not only effectively absorb impact energy, but also actively guide the ship's course, reducing the risk of secondary collisions, and is especially suitable for complex navigation environments; its series triangular frame supports partial replacement, facilitating maintenance and resource reuse; at the same time, the device can automatically adjust the protection height according to the water level, adapting to different hydrological conditions and ship drafts, solving the problem of protection failure of traditional fixed devices, and has good buffering and energy absorption, navigation guidance and environmental adaptability, significantly improving the comprehensive protection performance of bridge piers. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of the device structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of a primary energy dissipation mechanism;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-rotation connection of a three-stage efficiency mechanism;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge assembly connection;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sliding hinge structure;

[0026] In the diagram: 1: Primary energy dissipation mechanism; 2: Secondary energy dissipation mechanism; 3: Tertiary energy dissipation mechanism; 4: Sliding hinge assembly; 101: Fixed cage; 102: Anti-collision floating bucket; 301: Annular frame structure; 302: Elastic buffer; 303: Steel pipe; 304: Bearing; 401: Roller; 402: Connector; 403: Ball head. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] This embodiment provides a detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers, such as... Figure 1 A detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers includes a primary energy dissipation mechanism 1, a secondary energy dissipation mechanism 2, and a tertiary energy dissipation mechanism 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0029] The primary energy dissipation mechanism 1 is an external frame structure consisting of several fixed cages 101 connected by a detachable structure; the fixed cages are equipped with anti-collision buffer devices.

[0030] The three-stage energy dissipation mechanism 3 includes several structural units that can rotate along their own axes. Each of the structural units is arranged around the pier to form a ring-shaped skeleton structure 301. The outer periphery of the ring-shaped skeleton structure 301 is provided with an elastic buffer 302 with a guiding function.

[0031] The secondary energy dissipation mechanism 2 is hinged to the outside of the primary energy dissipation mechanism 1 and to the tertiary energy dissipation mechanism 3, so that the primary energy dissipation mechanism 1 can generate adaptive movement when it is hit by a ship, thereby effectively guiding and deflecting the ship's course and realizing the course control function.

[0032] This device achieves efficient protection through a multi-level collaborative energy dissipation mechanism: the first-level energy dissipation mechanism 1, as the outermost structure, consists of multiple fixed cages 101 assembled with detachable connectors, facilitating rapid on-site installation, disassembly, and maintenance. The internal anti-collision buffer device can absorb the initial impact energy generated by the ship collision. The third-level energy dissipation mechanism 3 consists of a ring-shaped skeleton structure 301 composed of circumferentially arranged rotatable structural units, possessing good structural stability and local adaptability. The elastic buffer 302 on its outer periphery not only has a buffering and energy absorption function but also smoothly guides the colliding ship through its guide surface. The second-level energy dissipation mechanism 2 is hinged to the first-level energy dissipation mechanism 1 and to the third-level energy dissipation mechanism 3, allowing the entire device to flexibly rotate around the pier when impacted. Combined with the guiding effect of the elastic buffer 302, it drives the ship to slide tangentially away, significantly reducing the positive impact force and achieving active course deflection protection.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 The anti-collision buffer device is an anti-collision floating barrel 102, which can be selectively filled with different materials such as foam, rubber particles, sand, or lightweight concrete. This design not only gives the device good self-buoyancy, allowing it to rise and fall synchronously with water level changes, always remaining in the high-risk zone of ship collisions, effectively coping with complex hydrological conditions such as tides and floods; but also allows for flexible adjustment of its stiffness, buoyancy, and energy absorption characteristics by adjusting the material and density of the filling material inside the anti-collision floating barrel 102, adapting to collision conditions of ships of different tonnages and speeds.

[0034] Furthermore, the fixed cage 101 is a reinforced cage welded from square steel, possessing high structural strength and rigidity, effectively withstanding the impact load during ship collisions and maintaining the overall stability of the external frame structure. The diagonal sections of any side of the reinforced cage are welded with square steel, and ball heads 403 are welded at the intersection of the diagonals for hinged connection with the secondary energy dissipation mechanism 2. The welded square steel structure provides a robust connection, excellent wear resistance and impact resistance, and facilitates anti-corrosion coating treatment, enhancing the durability and corrosion resistance of the fixed cage 101 in complex underwater environments. Simultaneously, square steel is easy to process and standardized for production, facilitating the mass production and precise assembly of modular units, ensuring interchangeability and connection reliability between the fixed cages, and further improving the overall installation efficiency and maintenance convenience of the device.

[0035] Furthermore, the fasteners and connecting plates facilitate rapid assembly and disassembly between adjacent fixed cages 101, enabling modular assembly of the device on-site, significantly shortening the installation cycle, and providing convenience for later maintenance and replacement of damaged units, effectively reducing operation and maintenance costs. The fasteners and connecting plates can be secured using detachable fastening methods such as bolts and pins, ensuring reliable connections and convenient assembly and disassembly, guaranteeing the stability and maintainability of the structure during long-term operation. In addition, the external frame structure adopts a triangular frame form, fully utilizing the stability of triangular geometry to give the overall frame excellent deformation resistance and efficient force transmission characteristics when subjected to ship impacts. This evenly distributes impact loads, avoids stress concentration, and significantly improves the overall structural strength and impact resistance of the device.

[0036] Furthermore, the secondary energy dissipation mechanism 2 employs a flexible connecting rod, possessing both excellent mechanical transmission performance and moderate elastic deformation capability. During a ship collision, the flexible connecting rod can effectively absorb some of the impact energy through its own elastic deformation, mitigating the direct transmission of instantaneous impact loads to the bridge pier structure, thereby reducing the risk of structural damage. Simultaneously, its modular design facilitates rapid replacement and convenient maintenance in the event of a breakage. This structure, while ensuring connection stability, integrates buffering and energy dissipation functions, significantly improving the anti-collision device's response adaptability and overall operational reliability under dynamic impact loads.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 3Multiple steel pipes 303 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the bridge pier, forming a continuous and stable annular support frame 301. This frame not only possesses good structural rigidity and circumferential load-bearing capacity but also effectively transmits and disperses external impact forces. Each steel pipe 303 is connected to supports fixed to the bridge pier at both ends via bearings 304, allowing the pipes to rotate freely around their axes in the horizontal plane. This gives the annular frame structure 301 excellent adaptability to local rotation. When a ship experiences a skewed impact or the device is subjected to uneven impact, each steel pipe 303 can independently rotate slightly according to the stress conditions, preventing structural damage due to torsional stress concentration and improving the durability and reliability of the device under complex impact conditions. Furthermore, the bearing connection method is simple in structure, flexible in rotation, and has low frictional resistance. It maintains good motion performance even after long-term immersion in water, further enhancing the device's engineering applicability and ease of maintenance.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 The elastic buffer 302 has a spiral structure, with its upper and lower ends connected to fixed supports along the central axis of the annular skeleton structure 301, respectively, to constrain its axial displacement. The elastic buffer 302 is preferably made of rubber material with high elasticity and high damping characteristics, possessing excellent radial elastic deformation capability, and can effectively absorb and dissipate impact energy.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The sliding fit between the helical track and the hinged assembly 4 enables the primary energy dissipation mechanism 1 to not only achieve overall floating and radial compression when impacted by a ship, but also to generate controllable circumferential rotational displacement along the helical path, thus improving the dynamic response capability of the device. At the same time, the structure has a compact layout and a clear force transmission path, effectively avoiding local stress concentration and significantly improving the load-bearing capacity and durability of key connection parts.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 By inserting the upper and lower ends of the connector 402 into the gap between the elastic buffer 302 and the annular frame structure 301, an effective radial limiting structure is formed. This not only constrains the excessive radial displacement of the hinge assembly 4, ensuring its motion stability, but also avoids stress concentration and structural wear caused by rigid contact. The connector 402 is made of high-strength metal plate, possessing sufficient structural strength and fatigue resistance. The symmetrical arrangement of the rollers 401 effectively balances the force, preventing the connector 402 from deflecting or jamming, improving motion smoothness and structural durability. The other side of the connector 402 connects to the ball head, forming a spherical hinge structure, allowing the hinge assembly 4 to swing in multiple degrees of freedom, adapting to the spatial motion requirements under complex impact angles, and enhancing the overall adaptability of the device. The ball head structure can also be quickly assembled and disassembled with the corresponding connection point of the external frame, facilitating maintenance and replacement.

[0041] Furthermore, the surface of the steel cage is covered with an anti-corrosion coating, and the joints are filled with sealant, which effectively isolates the steel from the corrosion of water, chloride ions and corrosive media in the marine environment, significantly improving the durability and corrosion resistance of the steel cage in long-term immersion or humid environments.

[0042] To further verify the protective performance of the device, finite element simulation analysis was conducted, focusing on the collision process between a ship and the anti-collision device under still water conditions. A simplified peak-valley method was used to simulate the ship's impact load, with a focus on the dynamic response of the ship and the anti-collision device and their interaction mechanism. In terms of energy absorption design, the device adopts a graded energy dissipation structure: in the first stage, the primary energy dissipation mechanism 1 absorbs approximately 15% of the initial impact energy; in the second stage, approximately 45% of the energy is dissipated through the progressive fracture mechanism of the secondary energy dissipation mechanism 2; and in the third stage, within the 30% to 50% strain range, the remaining energy is absorbed by the deformation of the tertiary energy dissipation mechanism 3. This multi-stage coordinated energy dissipation mechanism, verified by finite element simulation, can extend the impact duration from 0.3 seconds in the traditional scheme to 1.2 seconds under a 10,000 kN impact load, significantly prolonging the impact duration and reducing the peak impact force by 62%, effectively improving the structure's collision resistance and overall safety.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers, characterized in that: It includes a primary energy dissipation mechanism (1), a secondary energy dissipation mechanism (2), and a tertiary energy dissipation mechanism (3) arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The primary energy dissipation mechanism (1) is an external frame structure consisting of several fixed cages (101) connected by a detachable structure; the fixed cages are equipped with anti-collision buffer devices. The three-stage energy dissipation mechanism (3) includes several structural units that can rotate along their own axes. Each structural unit is arranged around the pier to form a ring-shaped skeleton structure (301). The outer periphery of the ring-shaped skeleton structure (301) is provided with an elastic buffer (302) with guiding function. The secondary energy dissipation mechanism (2) includes several flexible connecting rods; one end of each flexible connecting rod is radially and uniformly slidably connected to the outer periphery of the annular frame structure (301) via a hinge assembly (4), and the other end is hinged to the primary energy dissipation mechanism (1); this allows the primary energy dissipation mechanism (1) to generate adaptive movement when impacted by a ship, thereby effectively guiding and deflecting the ship's course; The elastic buffer (302) is a spiral structure, and the upper and lower ends of the spiral structure along the central axis of the annular skeleton structure (301) are respectively connected to the fixed support. The annular skeleton structure (301) is formed by multiple steel pipes (303) arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the pier. The upper and lower ends of any steel pipe are connected to the fixed support set on the pier through bearings (304). The spiral structure forms a spiral track on the annular skeleton structure (301), and the hinge assembly (4) is slidably set in the spiral track and can slide along the extension direction of the spiral track.

2. The detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision buffer device is an anti-collision floating barrel (102); the anti-collision floating barrel (102) can be selectively filled with contents of different materials.

3. The detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed cage (101) is a steel cage welded from square steel.

4. A detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detachable structure includes several fasteners and several connecting plates. The two ends of the connecting plates are respectively connected to the fasteners of the adjacent steel cages, so that the adjacent steel cages are connected in series through the cooperation of the fasteners and the connecting plates to form the external frame structure. The external frame structure adopts a triangular frame structure.

5. A detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge assembly (4) includes a ball head (403), a connector (402), and two rollers (401). The upper and lower ends of the connector (402) extend axially and are inserted into the gap between the elastic buffer (302) and the ring skeleton structure (301) to form a radial limiting structure; Two rollers (401) are symmetrically arranged on one side of the connector (402) facing the spiral track and are rotatably in contact with the surface of the annular skeleton structure (301); the other side of the connector (402) is connected to the ball head (403).

6. A detachable floating anti-collision steering device for bridge piers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the steel cage is covered with an anti-corrosion coating, and the joints are filled with sealant.

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