Gas pipeline flow rate detection device based on speed sensor

Abstract

The application discloses a natural gas pipeline flow rate detection device based on a speed sensor and relates to the technical field of natural gas pipeline flow rate detection.The device comprises an external sealing mechanism, the external sealing mechanism comprises a sealing cavity, one end of the sealing cavity is fixedly connected with the surface of a natural gas pipeline, and the end of the sealing cavity away from the natural gas pipeline is rotationally connected with a sealing door.The speed sensor synchronous transposition mechanism can synchronously switch the two end sensors, and when one group of sensors is pulled out for maintenance, the opposite side sensors immediately enter the working state, the external sealing mechanism and the semi-invasive installation are matched, pressure reduction and shutdown are not needed for maintenance, the supply of gas to residents and industries is not affected at all, and the economic loss caused by shutdown is eliminated; meanwhile, multiple groups of flow rate detection devices are arranged along the pipeline, each group comprises two hot air speed sensors which are oppositely distributed, and the pipeline cross-section and the flow rate distribution along the pipeline can be acquired in real time in combination with a data acquisition and processing module, and local abnormalities such as elbow blockage can be accurately captured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection technology, and more specifically to a natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection devices are widely used in natural gas transportation fields such as long-distance natural gas pipelines and urban gas distribution pipelines, serving as key auxiliary equipment to ensure the safe and efficient operation of pipelines. Their core purpose is to collect natural gas flow velocity data within the pipeline through methods such as differential pressure detection, ultrasonic detection, or turbine flow meter detection. This provides a basis for optimizing pipeline transportation efficiency, allows for the assessment of pipeline operating status through flow velocity changes, and provides fundamental data for flow measurement in trade settlements, making it an indispensable monitoring component in the natural gas transportation system.

[0003] However, most maintenance of traditional devices requires interruption of pipeline supply. Differential pressure detection requires disassembly and cleaning of throttling devices, and turbine flow meters require replacement of worn turbine components. Even non-invasive ultrasonic detection often requires pressure reduction and shutdown when cleaning the inner wall of the pipeline due to scaling. This not only affects the normal gas supply to residents and industries, but also causes economic losses due to the interruption of supply. At the same time, the single-point detection mode of traditional devices cannot cover the flow velocity distribution along the pipeline, and it is easy to miss local anomalies, such as sudden changes in flow velocity caused by blockage at pipeline bends. Moreover, the detection accuracy is easily affected by medium impurities, temperature and pressure changes. In addition, there is a lack of real-time data transmission and early warning functions. Staff need to collect data on-site periodically, and the data feedback is delayed, making it difficult to deal with safety hazards caused by abnormal flow velocity in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor includes an external sealing mechanism, which includes a sealing cavity. One end of the sealing cavity is fixedly connected to the surface of the natural gas pipeline, and the end of the sealing cavity away from the natural gas pipeline is rotatably connected to a sealing door. A velocity sensor mounting mechanism includes a mounting box, a conveying cylinder fixedly connected to one side of the mounting box, and the end of the conveying cylinder away from the mounting box fixedly connected to the surface of the natural gas pipeline. The inner wall of the conveying cylinder is provided with a first rubber sealing sleeve. A velocity sensor synchronous switching mechanism includes a fixing component and a switching component. The fixing component includes a mounting cylinder, a second rubber sealing sleeve fixedly connected to the surface of one end of the mounting cylinder, a synchronous moving hook fixedly connected to one end of the mounting cylinder, and a mounting plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder. The switching component includes a synchronous pull rod, and the end of the synchronous pull rod has a groove that engages with the surface of the synchronous moving hook.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the external sealing mechanism further includes a sealing gasket, one side of the sealing gasket is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing door, a control terminal is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing door near the sealing gasket, and an audible and visual alarm is provided on the surface of the sealing door.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the speed sensor mounting mechanism further includes a rotating component, one end of which is rotatably connected to one end of the inner cavity of the mounting box, a rotating handle is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating component, a second sealing gasket is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating component away from the rotating handle, a rotating groove is formed on the surface of the rotating component, a rotating ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating groove, the surface of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting box, a front mounting cavity is formed inside the rotating component, and a rear mounting cavity is formed inside the conveying cylinder.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the fixing component further includes an expanding rubber sealing sleeve, the surface of the expanding rubber sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder, a connecting plate is bolted to one side of the mounting plate, a manually pull-out hanging ring is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate, a thermal wind speed sensor is provided inside the connecting plate, and the surface of one end of the thermal wind speed sensor is in close contact with the inside of the expanding rubber sealing sleeve.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the switching component further includes an inner sealing plug, the end of the inner sealing plug is fixedly connected to the end of the synchronous pull rod, the surface of the inner sealing plug is provided with stepped protrusions, the surface of the inner sealing plug is inserted into the mounting hole of the inner wall of the natural gas pipeline, and a sensor status image acquisition camera is provided at the end of the inner sealing plug near the thermal wind speed sensor.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the external sealing mechanism, the speed sensor mounting mechanism and the fixing component are all provided at both ends of the switching component. When a set of speed sensor mounting mechanisms is pulled out for maintenance, the switching component simultaneously pulls the opposite side sensor mounting mechanism into the natural gas pipeline.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of this invention is that it also includes a data acquisition and processing module, which includes an STM32 series microcontroller, a high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip, and a low-pass filter. The high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip has a resolution of ≥16 bits, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the thermal anemometer, while its output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the STM32 series microcontroller. The low-pass filter is connected in series between the thermal anemometer and the high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip to filter out high-frequency interference signals generated by pipe vibration. The STM32 series microcontroller has a built-in "temperature-wind speed" calibration algorithm, which can calculate the actual flow rate value from the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion. The microcontroller is also electrically connected to an SD card storage unit, which can store nearly 3 months of flow rate data in real time, including detection time, flow rate value, and sensor number. It also supports adjusting the flow rate threshold and data sampling frequency of 1-60s / time via a control terminal or remote platform.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of this invention is that it also includes a wireless communication module, which is electrically connected to the STM32 series microcontroller of the data acquisition and processing module and the control terminal, and adopts 4G / 5G, LoRa or NB-IoT wireless communication technology; the wireless communication module can transmit data in a "real-time transmission + timed aggregation" mode, and transmits the flow rate data to the remote monitoring platform in real time after each sampling, and aggregates all sensor data transmissions for the day at 2:00 am every day during the low load period of the pipeline; when the wireless communication is interrupted, the untransmitted data in the SD card storage unit can be automatically retransmitted after the communication is restored, and at the same time, it can receive parameter configuration commands issued by the remote platform.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that it also includes a power supply module, which adopts a dual power supply mode of "mains power + lithium battery backup". Its output terminal is electrically connected to the speed sensor mounting mechanism, the speed sensor synchronous switching mechanism, the data acquisition and processing module, the wireless communication module, the early warning module and the control terminal respectively. When the mains power is normal, the power supply module supplies power to each module through the power adapter and charges the lithium battery. When the mains power is interrupted, it automatically switches to lithium battery power supply. The lithium battery capacity is sufficient to allow the device to operate continuously for ≥8 hours to ensure uninterrupted flow rate detection.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of this invention is that it also includes an early warning and calibration maintenance control module, which is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing module, the control terminal, the audible and visual alarm, and the sensor status image acquisition camera. The early warning and calibration maintenance control module can preset a normal flow velocity range. When the flow velocity value of the thermal anemometer exceeds the preset threshold three times consecutively, or when the single flow velocity change amplitude is ≥5m / s, the audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered, and a remote early warning information containing the abnormal sensor location, current flow velocity value, and abnormal time is sent to the staff terminal via the wireless communication module. At the same time, the module supports receiving calibration instructions from the remote platform once a month, controlling the thermal anemometer to perform self-calibration, identifying sensor faults through image data from the sensor status image acquisition camera and signal feedback from the thermal anemometer, and prompting staff to replace the sensor on-site via the control terminal.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by this invention compared to the prior art is as follows:

[0017] This invention provides a natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor. Through a synchronous switching mechanism, the sensors at both ends can be switched synchronously. When one set is pulled out for maintenance, the sensor on the opposite side immediately begins operation. Combined with an external sealing mechanism and semi-intrusive installation, maintenance does not require pressure reduction or shutdown, completely unaffecting residential and industrial gas supply and eliminating economic losses from outages. Simultaneously, multiple flow velocity detection devices are deployed along the pipeline, each containing two opposing thermal anemometers. Combined with a data acquisition and processing module, it can acquire real-time pipeline cross-section and flow velocity distribution along the pipeline, accurately detecting local anomalies such as bend blockages. Furthermore, the thermal anemometer is resistant to interference from impurities, and with a "temperature-wind speed" calibration algorithm, the detection error is smaller. A wireless communication module transmits data in real time, and an early warning module can quickly trigger an alert when flow velocity anomalies occur, eliminating the need for manual on-site data collection and resolving the risk of data lag. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single-unit installation structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the natural gas pipeline of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the speed sensor mounting mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the transposition component structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the speed sensor mounting mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the fixed component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0029] In the diagram: 11. Sealed cavity; 12. Sealed door; 13. Sealing gasket; 15. Audible and visual alarm; 21. Mounting box; 22. Rotating component; 23. Rotating handle; 24. Rotating groove; 25. Rotating ring; 26. Second sealing gasket; 27. Conveying cylinder; 28. First rubber sealing sleeve; 31. Mounting cylinder; 32. Second rubber sealing sleeve; 33. Synchronous moving hook; 34. Mounting plate; 35. Expanding rubber sealing sleeve; 36. Connecting plate; 37. Thermal wind speed sensor; 38. Manually pulled-out hanging ring; 41. Synchronous pull rod; 42. Inner sealing plug; 43. Stepped protrusion; 44. Sensor status image acquisition camera. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments:

[0031] Example 1, as Figures 1-11As shown, the present invention provides a natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor, including an external sealing mechanism, which includes a sealing cavity 11, one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of the natural gas pipeline, and a sealing door 12 rotatably connected to the end of the sealing cavity 11 away from the natural gas pipeline; a velocity sensor mounting mechanism, which includes a mounting box 21, a conveying cylinder 27 fixedly connected to one side of the mounting box 21, and the end of the conveying cylinder 27 away from the mounting box 21 fixedly connected to the surface of the natural gas pipeline, and a first rubber sealing sleeve 28 provided on the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 27; and a velocity sensor synchronous switching mechanism, which includes a fixing component and a switching component. The fixing component includes a mounting cylinder 31, a second rubber sealing sleeve 32 fixedly connected to the surface of one end of the mounting cylinder 31, a synchronous moving hook 33 fixedly connected to one end of the mounting cylinder 31, and a mounting plate 34 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 31. The switching component includes a synchronous pull rod 41, and a groove that engages with the surface of the synchronous moving hook 33 is provided at the end of the synchronous pull rod 41.

[0032] In this embodiment, the sealing cavity 11 of the external sealing mechanism cooperates with the sealing door 12 to provide a sealed protective space for subsequent sensor installation and maintenance, preventing external rainwater and dust from entering the device and preventing natural gas leakage; the mounting box 21 of the speed sensor mounting mechanism and the conveying cylinder 27 constitute the basic installation channel for the sensor, and the first rubber sealing sleeve 28 on the inner wall of the conveying cylinder can initially block natural gas from seeping out from the installation gap; the synchronous pull rod 41 of the speed sensor synchronous switching mechanism and the synchronous moving hook 33 achieve mechanical linkage through the meshing groove.

[0033] Example 2, as Figures 1-11As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the external sealing mechanism further includes a sealing gasket 13, one side of which is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing door 12. A control terminal is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing door 12 near the sealing gasket 13. An audible and visual alarm 15 is provided on the surface of the sealing door 12. The speed sensor mounting mechanism further includes a rotating component 22, one end of which is rotatably connected to one end of the inner cavity of the mounting box 21. A rotating handle 23 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating component 22. A second sealing gasket 26 is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating component 22 away from the rotating handle 23. A rotating groove 24 is formed on the surface of the rotating component 22. A rotating ring 25 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating groove 24. The surface of the rotating ring 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting box 21. A front mounting cavity is formed inside the rotating component 22, and a rear mounting cavity is formed inside the conveying cylinder 27. The fixing assembly further includes an expanding rubber sealing sleeve 35. The surface of the mounting plate 35 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 31. A connecting plate 36 is bolted to one side of the mounting plate 34. A manual pull-out hanging ring 38 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 36. A thermal wind speed sensor 37 is installed inside the connecting plate 36. The surface of one end of the thermal wind speed sensor 37 is tightly attached to the inside of the expansion rubber sealing sleeve 35. The switching assembly also includes an inner sealing plug 42. The end of the inner sealing plug 42 is fixedly connected to the end of the synchronous pull rod 41. The surface of the inner sealing plug 42 is provided with stepped protrusions 43. The surface of the inner sealing plug 42 is inserted into the mounting hole on the inner wall of the natural gas pipeline. A sensor status image acquisition camera 44 is provided at the end of the inner sealing plug 42 near the thermal wind speed sensor 37. A set of external sealing mechanism, speed sensor mounting mechanism and fixing assembly are provided at both ends of the switching assembly. When a set of speed sensor mounting mechanisms is pulled out for maintenance, the switching assembly synchronously pulls the opposite sensor mounting mechanism into the natural gas pipeline.

[0034] In this embodiment, the sealing gasket 13 of the external sealing mechanism further enhances the sealing performance between the sealing door 12 and the sealing cavity 11. Combined with the control terminal, it enables on-site operation and status monitoring of device parameters. The audible and visual alarm 15 provides on-site feedback of any abnormalities. The rotating component 22 of the speed sensor mounting mechanism works in conjunction with the rotating handle 23, allowing adjustment of the angle of the front mounting cavity to connect the front and rear mounting cavities. The cooperation between the rotating ring 25 and the rotating groove 24 ensures stable rotation without deviation. The expanding rubber sealing sleeve 35 of the fixing component is tightly attached to the thermal anemometer 37, fixing the sensor position and enhancing the sealing effect. The manually pulled-out hanging ring 38 facilitates manual sensor removal. The inner sealing plug 42 and the stepped protrusion 43 of the transposition component are inserted into the pipeline mounting hole to further prevent natural gas leakage. The sensor status image acquisition camera 44 can observe the surface contamination of the sensor in real time. Furthermore, through the dual-set mechanism design at both ends of the transposition component, when one side of the sensor is pulled out for maintenance, the synchronous pull rod 41 drives the other side sensor into the working position, achieving "non-stop maintenance" without affecting normal pipeline transport.

[0035] Example 3, as Figures 1-11As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, it further includes a data acquisition and processing module, which includes an STM32 series microcontroller, a high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip, and a low-pass filter; the high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip has a resolution ≥16 bits, its input terminal is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the thermal anemometer 37, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the STM32 series microcontroller; the low-pass filter is connected in series between the thermal anemometer 37 and the high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip to filter out high-frequency interference signals generated by pipe vibration; the STM32 series microcontroller has a built-in "temperature-wind speed" calibration algorithm, which can calculate the actual flow rate value from the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion, and the microcontroller is also electrically connected to an S... The D-card storage unit can store nearly three months of flow rate data in real time, including detection time, flow rate value, and sensor number. It also supports adjusting the flow rate threshold and data sampling frequency (1-60 seconds / time) via a control terminal or remote platform. The unit includes a wireless communication module, electrically connected to the STM32 series microcontroller of the data acquisition and processing module and the control terminal, employing 4G / 5G, LoRa, or NB-IoT wireless communication technologies. The wireless communication module can transmit data in a "real-time transmission + timed aggregation" mode. After each sampling, the flow rate data is transmitted to the remote monitoring platform in real time. At 2:00 AM daily, during the low-load period of the pipeline, all sensor data for the day is aggregated. If wireless communication is interrupted, it can automatically resume transmission after communication is restored. The SD card storage unit stores untransmitted data and can receive parameter configuration commands from a remote platform. It also includes a power supply module, employing a dual power supply mode of "mains power + lithium battery backup." Its outputs are electrically connected to the speed sensor mounting mechanism, speed sensor synchronization mechanism, data acquisition and processing module, wireless communication module, early warning module, and control terminal. When mains power is normal, the power supply module powers each module via a power adapter and charges the lithium battery. When mains power is interrupted, it automatically switches to lithium battery power. The lithium battery capacity is sufficient for uninterrupted operation of the device for ≥8 hours to ensure uninterrupted flow rate detection. The unit also includes an early warning and calibration maintenance control module, which is connected to the data acquisition and processing module, control terminal, and audible and visual alarm. 15. The sensor status image acquisition camera 44 is electrically connected; the early warning and calibration maintenance control module can preset the normal flow rate range. When the flow rate value of the thermal anemometer 37 exceeds the preset threshold three times consecutively, or the single flow rate change amplitude is ≥5m / s, the audible and visual alarm 15 is immediately triggered, and a remote early warning information containing the abnormal sensor location, current flow rate value, and abnormal time is sent to the staff terminal via the wireless communication module; at the same time, the module supports receiving calibration instructions from the remote platform once a month, controlling the thermal anemometer 37 to perform self-calibration, identifying sensor faults through the image data of the sensor status image acquisition camera 44 and the signal feedback of the thermal anemometer 37, and prompting the staff to replace it on-site through the control terminal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the low-pass filter of the data acquisition and processing module filters out high-frequency interference caused by pipeline vibration. The 16-bit high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip accurately converts the analog signal output by the thermal anemometer 37 into a digital signal. The STM32 series microcontroller calculates the actual flow rate through the built-in "temperature-wind speed" calibration algorithm. The SD card storage unit realizes local backup of the flow rate data for the past 3 months to avoid data loss. The wireless communication module adopts 4G / 5G or LoRa technology to realize real-time transmission of each sampling data and to summarize and transmit the data of the day during the low load period of the pipeline. It can automatically re-transmit after communication interruption. The power supply module has a dual mode of "mains power + lithium battery" to ensure that the device can still operate continuously for ≥8 hours when the mains power is interrupted. The early warning and calibration maintenance control module triggers the audible and visual alarm 15 and remote early warning when the flow rate continuously exceeds the threshold or changes abruptly by preset flow rate threshold. At the same time, it receives remote calibration instructions every month to control the sensor self-calibration. Combined with the sensor status image acquisition camera 44 and sensor signal feedback, it accurately identifies faults and prompts replacement, solving the problems of low accuracy, data lag and manual maintenance of traditional devices.

[0037] The working principle of this natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor will be explained in detail below.

[0038] like Figures 1-11As shown, after the device is powered on, the power supply module automatically starts the "mains power supply" mode, supplying power to all components such as the speed sensor mounting mechanism, synchronous transposition mechanism, and data acquisition and processing module through the power adapter, while simultaneously charging the lithium battery; the STM32 series microcontroller of the data acquisition and processing module automatically loads preset parameters, including the normal threshold flow rate and the data sampling frequency of 1-60s / time, and performs zero-point calibration with the thermal anemometer 37, comparing it with the built-in "temperature-wind speed" standard curve to correct the sensor's zero-point drift; the wireless communication module automatically connects to the network, establishes a connection with the remote monitoring platform, and after initialization, the device enters the standby detection state. According to the set sampling frequency, the thermal anemometer 37 in the speed sensor mounting mechanism begins to work: A thermal anemometer probe (37mm) is inserted into the pipe to a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the pipe diameter into the stable flow field region. Based on the principle of heat dissipation, it detects the temperature change of the probe caused by airflow heat dissipation and outputs a corresponding analog signal. The signal first passes through a series low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency interference signals generated by pipe vibration. The filtered analog signal is then transmitted to a high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip with a resolution of ≥16 bits to convert it into a digital signal. The digital signal is further transmitted to an STM32 series microcontroller, which uses its built-in "temperature-wind speed" calibration algorithm to correct the digital signal based on the current ambient temperature, calculating the actual flow velocity of the natural gas in the pipe. The STM32 series microcontroller then compares the calculated actual flow velocity with the detection time and the corresponding thermal anemometer probe. The flow rate sensor 37 is associated with a serial number and stored in real time to the SD card storage unit, retaining nearly 3 months of data. Simultaneously, the wireless communication module operates in a "real-time transmission + timed aggregation" mode: after each sampling, the current flow rate data is immediately transmitted to the remote monitoring platform; during the low-load period of the pipeline at 2:00 AM daily, the flow rate data from all sensors is aggregated and transmitted in batches to ensure platform data integrity; if wireless communication is interrupted, the SD card storage unit temporarily stores the untransmitted data, which is automatically retransmitted after communication is restored to avoid data loss. The early warning and calibration maintenance control module receives flow rate data output from the STM32 series microcontroller in real time: if the flow rate value of a certain thermal anemometer 37 exceeds the preset normal range three times consecutively, such as 1-15... If the flow rate changes by m / s or a single flow rate change of ≥5m / s, the module immediately triggers the audible and visual alarm 15 to emit a flashing red light and a buzzer sound of ≥85dB to provide on-site early warning. At the same time, the module sends an early warning message to the remote monitoring platform via the wireless communication module. The platform automatically pushes a text message or APP notification to the preset staff terminal, which includes the location of the abnormal sensor, the current flow rate value, and the time of the abnormality, so that the staff can quickly locate the problem. When the sensor status image acquisition camera 44 captures images of severe surface contamination of the thermal anemometer 37, or when the control terminal prompts that the sensor is faulty and needs maintenance: the staff opens the sealing door 12 and pulls the manual pull-out hanging ring 38 on the side to be maintained, which moves the mounting cylinder 31 and the thermal anemometer 37 outward.At this time, the synchronous moving hook 33 on the installation cylinder 31 pulls the synchronous pull rod 41 through the meshing groove. The synchronous pull rod 41 drives the installation cylinder and the thermal anemometer on the opposite side to move into the pipeline. After the thermal anemometer 37 on the opposite side is fully in the detection position, the stepped protrusion 43 on the surface of the inner sealing plug 42 abuts against the inner wall of the natural gas pipeline on this side to perform the initial seal. Then, the rotating part 22 is rotated, the bolts on the surface of the connecting plate 36 are removed, and the thermal anemometer 37 is removed for maintenance. The expanding rubber sealing sleeve 35 continues to expand, filling the cavity caused by the removal of the thermal anemometer 37 to perform the secondary seal. Then, the rotating part 22 is rotated to misalign the front and rear sections of the installation cavity, and the second sealing gasket 26 is used to seal the end of the rear section of the installation cavity to perform the tertiary seal. Throughout the process, the inside of the natural gas pipeline is always sealed, there is no natural gas leakage, and the pipeline can transport gas normally without interruption. After maintenance, the rotating part 22 is reset, the new thermal anemometer 37 is inserted back into the expansion rubber sealing sleeve 35, and the connecting plate 36 is installed back onto the mounting plate 34 using bolts. When the opposite thermal anemometer 37 needs maintenance or replacement, it is moved to the detection position in the same way to replace the opposite thermal anemometer 37 for testing. The early warning and calibration maintenance control module automatically receives calibration instructions from the remote monitoring platform every month, controls the thermal anemometer 37 to perform self-calibration, compares the current detection signal with the built-in standard signal, and corrects the detection deviation. At the same time, the sensor status image acquisition camera 44 periodically takes images of the sensor surface. Combined with the signal feedback from the thermal anemometer 37, the module automatically identifies the sensor fault type and displays a "cleaning required" or "replacement required" prompt on the control terminal. Staff can perform targeted maintenance according to the prompts without frequent on-site inspections.

[0039] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor, characterized in that: include An external sealing mechanism includes a sealing cavity (11), one end of which is fixedly connected to the surface of a natural gas pipeline, and a sealing door (12) is rotatably connected to the end of the sealing cavity (11) away from the natural gas pipeline. A speed sensor mounting mechanism includes a mounting box (21), a conveying cylinder (27) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting box (21), and the end of the conveying cylinder (27) away from the mounting box (21) is fixedly connected to the surface of the natural gas pipeline. A first rubber sealing sleeve (28) is provided on the inner wall of the conveying cylinder (27). A speed sensor synchronous switching mechanism includes a fixing component and a switching component. The fixing component includes a mounting cylinder (31), a second rubber sealing sleeve (32) is fixedly connected to the surface of one end of the mounting cylinder (31), a synchronous moving hook (33) is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting cylinder (31), and a mounting plate (34) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (31). The switching component includes a synchronous pull rod (41), and a groove that engages with the surface of the synchronous moving hook (33) is provided at one end of the synchronous pull rod (41). The transposition assembly also includes an inner sealing plug (42), the end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the synchronous pull rod (41). The surface of the inner sealing plug (42) is provided with stepped protrusions (43). The surface of the inner sealing plug (42) is inserted into the mounting hole of the inner wall of the natural gas pipeline. The end of the inner sealing plug (42) near the thermal wind speed sensor (37) is provided with a sensor status image acquisition camera (44).

2. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external sealing mechanism also includes a sealing gasket (13), one side of which is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing door (12). A control terminal is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing door (12) near the sealing gasket (13), and an audible and visual alarm (15) is provided on the surface of the sealing door (12).

3. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed sensor mounting mechanism also includes a rotating component (22), one end of which is rotatably connected to one end of the inner cavity of the mounting box (21). A rotating handle (23) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating component (22). A second sealing gasket (26) is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating component (22) away from the rotating handle (23). A rotating groove (24) is opened on the surface of the rotating component (22). A rotating ring (25) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating groove (24). The surface of the rotating ring (25) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting box (21). A front mounting cavity is opened inside the rotating component (22), and a rear mounting cavity is set inside the conveying cylinder (27).

4. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly also includes an expanding rubber sealing sleeve (35), the surface of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (31), a connecting plate (36) is bolted to one side of the mounting plate (34), a manual pull-out hanging ring (38) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate (36), a thermal wind speed sensor (37) is provided inside the connecting plate (36), and the surface of one end of the thermal wind speed sensor (37) is in close contact with the inside of the expanding rubber sealing sleeve (35).

5. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external sealing mechanism, the speed sensor mounting mechanism, and the fixing component are all provided at both ends of the switching component. When one set of speed sensor mounting mechanisms is pulled out for maintenance, the switching component simultaneously pulls the opposite side sensor mounting mechanism into the natural gas pipeline.

6. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a data acquisition and processing module, which includes an STM32 series microcontroller, a high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip, and a low-pass filter. The high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip has a resolution of ≥16 bits. Its input terminal is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the thermal anemometer (37), and its output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the STM32 series microcontroller. The low-pass filter is connected in series between the thermal anemometer (37) and the high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip to filter out high-frequency interference signals generated by pipe vibration. The STM32 series microcontroller has a built-in "temperature-wind speed" calibration algorithm, which can calculate the actual flow rate value from the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion. The microcontroller is also electrically connected to an SD card storage unit, which can store nearly 3 months of flow rate data in real time, including detection time, flow rate value, and sensor number. It also supports adjusting the flow rate threshold and data sampling frequency of 1-60s / time through the control terminal or remote platform.

7. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless communication module, which is electrically connected to the STM32 series microcontroller of the data acquisition and processing module and the control terminal, and adopts 4G / 5G, LoRa or NB-IoT wireless communication technology. The wireless communication module can transmit data in a "real-time transmission + timed aggregation" mode. After each sampling, the flow rate data is transmitted to the remote monitoring platform in real time. At 2:00 am every day, during the low load period of the pipeline, all sensor data transmissions for the day are aggregated. When the wireless communication is interrupted, the untransmitted data in the SD card storage unit can be automatically retransmitted after the communication is restored. At the same time, it can receive parameter configuration commands issued by the remote platform.

8. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module, which adopts a dual power supply mode of "mains power + lithium battery backup". Its output terminal is electrically connected to the speed sensor mounting mechanism, the speed sensor synchronous transposition mechanism, the data acquisition and processing module, the wireless communication module, the early warning module and the control terminal respectively. When the mains power is normal, the power supply module supplies power to each module through the power adapter and charges the lithium battery. When the mains power is interrupted, it automatically switches to lithium battery power supply. The lithium battery capacity is sufficient to allow the device to operate continuously for ≥8 hours to ensure uninterrupted flow rate detection.

9. The natural gas pipeline flow velocity detection device based on a velocity sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an early warning and calibration maintenance control module, which is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing module, the control terminal, the audible and visual alarm (15), and the sensor status image acquisition camera (44). The early warning and calibration maintenance control module can preset the normal flow rate range. When the flow rate value of the thermal anemometer (37) exceeds the preset threshold three times in a row, or when the flow rate change amplitude is ≥5m / s in a single instance, the audible and visual alarm (15) is immediately triggered, and a remote early warning information containing the abnormal sensor location, current flow rate value, and abnormal time is sent to the staff terminal through the wireless communication module. At the same time, the early warning and calibration maintenance control module supports receiving calibration instructions from the remote platform once a month, controlling the thermal anemometer (37) to perform self-calibration, identifying sensor faults through the image data of the sensor status image acquisition camera (44) and the signal feedback of the thermal anemometer (37), and prompting the staff to replace it on-site through the control terminal.

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